EARTHING CONDUCTOR SIZING CALCULATION SHEET

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EARTHING CONDUCTOR SIZING CALCULATION

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TATA PELLET

O8121

Calculation of Conductor Size of Subsoil Ground Grid

REFERENCE : IEEE Std 80 - 2000 - IEEE Guide for safety in AC Substation Grounding

A mm 2

Ix

tc x r x r x 10 4 / TCAP l n [(K 0 +T m ) / (K 0 +T a )]

Parameters

Value 3

Unit Sec

tc=durationoffaultcurrentforcalculatingconductorsizeofsubsoilground
grid.

Remarks As per TISCO spec.

ar=Thermalcoefficientofresistivityatreferencetemparetureof20Deg.Cof
subsoilgroundgridconductormaterial.

0.0016

Per OC

Refer Table - 1 of IEEE - 80 - 2000 For Steel

r=Resistivityofsubsoilgroundgrodconductormaterialatreferecce
temperatureof20Deg.C TCAP=Thermalcapacityperunitvolume

15.9

Refer Table - 1 of micro Ohm Cm IEEE - 80 - 2000 For Steel Refer Table - 1 of IEEE - 80 - 2000 For Steel Refer Table - 1 of IEEE - 80 - 2000 For Steel Refer Table - 2 of IEEE - 80 - 2000 For Steel Assumed As per TISCO spec.

3.28

J / (cm3.OC)

K0 Tm=Maximumallowabletemperatureforsubsoilgroundgridconductor
material.

605

1510

Ta=designgroundtemperature
I=Symmetricalsinglelinetogroundfaultcurrentforcalculating conductorsizeofsubsoilgroundgrid.

50

40

KA

Amm2=Conductorsizeofsubsoilgroundgrid(min)
Concidured conductor size is 75x10 Sqmm This size is ok, if value of Amm < Concidered conductor size is TRUE
2

563.5676423 750 TRUE

Sqmm Sqmm

IEEE Std 80-2000

IEEE GUIDE FOR SAFETY

Table 1Material constants

Fusinga temperature Tm (C) 1083

Description

Material conductivity (%)

r factor at 20 C (1/C)

Ko at 0 C (0 C)

r 20 C (cm)

TCAP thermal capacity [J/(cm3C)]

Copper, annealed soft-drawn Copper, commercial hard-drawn Copper-clad steel wire Copper-clad steel wire Copper-clad steel rodb Aluminum, EC grade Aluminum, 5005 alloy Aluminum, 6201 alloy Aluminum-clad steel wire Steel, 1020 Stainless-clad steel rodc Zinc-coated steel rod Stainless steel, 304

100.0

0.003 93

234

1.72

3.42

97.0

0.003 81

242

1084

1.78

3.42

40.0

0.003 78

245

1084

4.40

3.85

30.0

0.003 78

245

1084

5.86

3.85

20.0

0.003 78

245

1084

8.62

3.85

61.0

0.004 03

228

657

2.86

2.56

53.5

0.003 53

263

652

3.22

2.60

52.5

0.003 47

268

654

3.28

2.60

20.3 10.8 9.8

0.003 60 0.001 60 0.001 60

258 605 605

657 1510 1400

8.48 15.90 17.50

3.58 3.28 4.44

8.6

0.003 20

293

419

20.10

3.93

2.4

0.001 30

749

1400

72.00

4.03

aFrom ASTM standards. bCopper-clad steel rods based on 0.254 mm (0.010 in) copper thickness. cStainless-clad steel rod based on 0.508 mm (0.020 in) No. 304 stainless

steel thickness over No. 1020 steel core.

Equation (37) and Equation (38), in conjunction with Equation (39) (which denes TCAP), reect two basic assumptions a) b) That all heat will be retained in the conductor (adiabatic process). That the product of specic heat (SH) and specic weight (SW), TCAP, is approximately constant because SH increases and SW decreases at about the same rate. For most metals, these premises are applicable over a reasonably wide temperature range, as long as the fault duration is within a few seconds.

42

Copyright 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved.

IEEE Std 80-2000

IEEE GUIDE FOR SAFETY

tc Kf

is the current duration in s is the constant from Table 2 for the material at various values of Tm (fusing temperature or limited conductor temperature based on 11.3.3) and using ambient temperature (Ta) of 40 C Table 2Material constants
Material Conductivity (%) 100.0 97.0 97.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 61.0 53.5 52.5 20.3 10.8 9.8 8.6 2.4 Tm a (C) 1083 1084 250 1084 1084 1084 657 652 654 657 1510 1400 419 1400 Kf 7.00 7.06 11.78 10.45 12.06 14.64 12.12 12.41 12.47 17.20 15.95 14.72 28.96 30.05

Copper, annealed soft-drawn Copper, commercial hard-drawn Copper, commercial hard-drawn Copper-clad steel wire Copper-clad steel wire Copper-clad steel rod Aluminum EC Grade Aluminum 5005 Alloy Aluminum 6201 Alloy Aluminum-clad steel wire Steel 1020 Stainless clad steel rod Zinc-coated steel rod Stainless steel 304
aSee

11.3.3 for comments concerning material selection.

Examples: Using Equation (42) for a 20 kA, 3 s fault a) For soft drawn copper Akcmil = 20 7.00 3

= 242.5 kcmil use 250 kcmil b) For 40% conductivity copper-clad steel conductor Akcmil = 20 10.45 = 362.0 kcmil use 19/#7 conductor 3

44

Copyright 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved.