English Language 17/04/2012 Questions

1. Name some of the health benefits of the massage. 2. What is a massage? Name three effects of it. 3. What kind of massages do you know? 4. What do you have to take into consideration, when administering a massage. 5. How should be a place of a masseur equipped. 6. When massaging someone, which position of a patient is typical. 7. To whom would you recommend the massage? 8. What are the contraindications of massage?

9. Name some therapeutic modalities and explain what is meant by using different
modalities. 10. How can cognitive behavioural help to patient? 11. Name some walking aids. Crutches and so on.

1. Vymenuj zdravotn vhody mase. 2. o je mas ? Vymenujte 3 zkladn inky mase.

3. Ak druhy masi poznte?

4. o musme vzia do vahy pri vkone mase?

5. Ako by mala by vybaven miestnos masra? 6. Ak je typick pozcia masrovanho? 7. Komu by ste odporili mas? 8. Ak s kontraindikcie mase?

9. Vymenujte procedry FYT a vysvetlite preo sa pouvaj rzne procedry

(na rzne ochorenia).

10. Ako me kognitvno(poznvanie)-behaviorlna(sprvanie) terapia pomc

pacientovi?

11. Vymenujte pomcky pouvan pri chdzi.

1. A massage can help us to reduce physiological fatigue, increase tissue

regeneration. The massage then helps to prevent injuries, thus to increased body reflexive responses to our tissues. Then we can do better workouts, because the muscles are prepared for picking up various kinds of loads in gym and so on...

2. Massage is a mechanical stimulation of the tissues by means of rhythmically

applied pressure. It can helps us to relieve pain and relax while lying on the masseur table. Generally, massage has mechanical, chemical and reflexive effects on the circulation, the lymphatic and nervous system, the muscles, the skin, the scar tissue, psychic responses, relaxation feeling and pain relieve.

3. We know various kinds of massages such as classical, reflexive, lymphatic,

chocolate and honey massages which have detoxication effects. Then we know relaxation(soothing), therapeutic, holistic, Swedish, sports, neuromuscular, bodywork, oriental, shiatsu massage which is know as Japanese massage. 4. A) The pressure should be determined by the tissue localization. We can apply more pressure on places with better musculature than where are the kidneys or the patient is experiencing some problems connected with high pain.

B) We should have in mind patient health status if he has some allergies on

emulsions, oils and other materials applied to the skin, then if he has mentioned all diseases in case than can be contraindicated with procedure of massage. C) Rhythm of the massage should be steady and all the strokes should be applied rhythmically and the times of each stroke should be equal. D) When administering a massage it is essential to look for pathological problems of the patient and consider the duration of the massage, speed of motion, age of his patient and his health condition. The physiotherapist should determine the duration of the massage by the patients will but the duration of back or neck massage should lasts at least 15 minutes to make the body feel better and take the right effects of the massage.

5. The masseur should have a firm table on which is the massage administrated from
both sides, the room should be well situated (lighten up, fresh air, at least 3m*3metres width and length, washable wall to the high of 1,8 m;). The parts of the body which are not massaged should be covered with woven sheets to prevent the body heat loss. The pillows which are used under the knees to relax stomach muscles and so on ( importance of use high-quality oils)

6. When giving (administering) a massage the patient is lying on a belly or back, or

sitting on a rotary chair or the best position in which patient dont feel any pains or harmful conditions.

7. I would recommend the massage to those; who live daily stressful life to relax
their body; who are often ill to stimulate their immune (lymphatic) system, to stimulate the blood circulation better saturation by oxygen to the body cell.

8. We should not administrate the massage (contraindications) when there is/are/in

case of: A) Inflammation of the skin B) Varicose veins C) Fever D) Suspicions of appendicitis E) Suspicions of ulcer F) The abdomen of a pregnant women G) The region of sexual organs H) The armpits I) The sportsman in a state of complete exhaustion

9. The therapeutic modalities are e.g.(for example) usage of electrotherapy or

phototherapy like ultraviolet therapy, infrared modalities, diathermy, iontophoresis, electromyographic biofeedback, infrared lamps, distance electrotherapy, laser; then the use of thermotherapy like paraffine baths, cryotherapy; the use of hydrotherapy like izothermic baths (hypo-hyper-thermic baths) and so on. The therapeutic modalities have various effects so it is important to choose the right procedure for each diagnosis or health problem.

10. The CBT is based on a psychological treatment. It is a talkative therapy in which

the patient presents his problems, which might be not only connected with pain or health problems he can tell us about his family about his financial situation, lifestyle, occupation (work, hobbies and so on), which might be considered as occupational disease. From the interview with the patient we can gather the information about his education as well as feelings and much more behavioural information in different situations.

11. The walking aids are e.g. arm-crutches (forearm known as French crutch, underarm
known as German crutch), strutters are the kind of underarms crutches which prevents nerve damage by reducing the body weight, platforms are used after strokes or when displacing impaired patients limbs and so on, leg support is used for one leg only to fix the shorten leg, walking canes (sticks) which are used only for basic support, because we hold them only in our hands

12. Bonus task try to translate it by yourselves

Dont forget for the vocabulary connected with massage, stroke (haemoragic /ischaemic), therapeutic modalities (definitions and the useapplication), communicating with patients and basic terms of diagnosis. Here are some points or definitions to check: Chronic pain, contrast or paraffine bath, hydrotherapy, thermotherapy, cryotherapy, acupressure, iontophoresis, vibration, radiating pain, tapotement, diathermy, pain and the kinds of pain

Translation
1. Mas nm me pomc k zneniu fyziologickej navy, zvyuje regenerciu
tkanv. Mas alej pomha, zabrnenm vzniku poranenia, teda, k zveniu telesnej reflexnej reakcie naich tkanv. alej, meme lepie cvii, pretoe svaly s lepie pripraven na vyzdvihnutie rznych druhov za v posilovni at.

2. Mas je mechanick stimulcia tkanv pomocou rytmicky psobiaceho

tlaku. Pomha k ave bolesti a relaxuje (telo), km le na masrskom stole. Veobecne plat, e mas m mechanick, chemick a reflexn inky - na krvn obeh, lymfatick a nervov systm, svaly, jazvy, psychick reakcie, relaxan pocity a zmiernenie bolesti.

3. Poznme rzne druhy mas, ako s klasick, reflexn, lymfatick; okoldov a

medov mase, ktor maj detoxikan inky. alej existuj, relaxan (upokojujce), lieebn, holistick, vdske, portov, neuromuskulrne, stimulujce telo, orientlne mase a shiatsu - ktor patr medzi japonsk mas.

4. A) Tlak by mal by uren poda lokalizcie tkanv. Meme poui v tlak na

miestach s lepou vrstvou svaloviny ne tam, kde s obliky alebo pacient m nejak problmy spojen s vysokou bolesou. B) Mali by sme ma na mysli zdravotn stav pacienta - ak m nejak alergie na emulzie, oleje a alie materily pouvan na kou, a potom, i sa zmienil o vetkch ochoren v prpade, eby mohli by kontraindikovan pri vkone mase. C) *Rytmus* mase by mal by stly a vetky ahy by mali by pouit rytmicky a asy jednotlivch derov by mali by rovnak. D)Pri podvan mas je nevyhnutn hada patologick problmy pacienta a zvi dobu trvania mase, rchlos pohybu, vek svojho pacienta a jeho zdravotn stav. Fyzioterapeut by mal uri dobu trvania mase pacienta, bude ale dka chrbta alebo ije by mala trva najmenej 15 mint, aby sa telo cti sa lepie a ma tie sprvne inky mase.

5. Masr by mal ma pevn stl, na ktorom sa mas vykonva prstupn z oboch

strn, miestnos by mala by dobre situovan (osvetlen, vetran, a to najmenej 3 krt 3 metre irok a dlh, umvaten steny do vky 1,8 m; ). asti tela, ktor nie s masrovan, by mali by zakryt vlnenmi uterkmi - aby sa zabrnilo stratm tepla. Vanke sa pouvaj pod kolenami na relaxciu brunch svalov, at. ... (vznam olejov pouvame vysoko-kvalitn ...)

6. Pri poskytovan (podvan) mase, pacient le na bruchu alebo chrbte, alebo v

sede na otavej stolike alebo v pozcii, v ktorej pacient nepociuje iadne bolesti alebo sa nenachdza v zlch podmienkach.

7. Mas by som odporuil tm, ktor sa denne nachdzaj v stresujcom prostred,

chc uvoni svoje telo, ktor s asto chor a chc tm stimulova imunitn (lymfatick) systm, stimulova krvn obeh lep prvod kyslka do tela bunky.

8. Nemali by sme opomen kontraindikcie:

A) Zpal koe B) Kov ily C) Horka D) Podozrenie na zpal slepho reva E) Podozrenie na vred

F) Gravidita G) Oblas pohlavnch orgnov H) Podpazuie I) portovec v stave plnho vyerpania

9. Tieto lieebn postupy s naprklad vyuit v elektroliebe alebo vo fototerapii

ako ultrafialov, infraerven terapeutick metdy ako diatermia, ionoforza, elektromyografick biofeedback, infraerven lampy, ditann elektroterapia, laser, potom pouitie termoterapia ako parafnov kpe, kryoterapia, vyuitie hydroterapie ako izotermick kpe (hypo/hyper-termick kpele) at. Tieto lieebn postupy maj rzne inky, preto je dleit zvoli sprvny terapeutick procedru pre kad diagnzu alebo zdravotn problm.

10. Kognitvno-behaviorlna terapia je zaloen na psychologickej liebe. Je to

komunikan terapia, v ktorej pacient povie svoje problmy, ktor mu by spojen nielen s bolesou alebo zdravotnmi problmami - me nm poveda aj nieo o svojej rodine, informcie o jeho finannej situcii, ivotnom tle, zamestnan (prca, konky a podobne), alebo tak, ktor by mohli by povaovan za chorobu z povolania. Z rozhovoru s pacientom meme zska informcie o jeho vzdelan, vea informci o sprvan sa v rznych situcich a o pocitoch.

11. Tieto pomcky s napr. barle, ktor sa delia na predlakov znme ako franczske
barle a podpan barle znme ako nemeck, strutters - ide o druh podpazunch bariel, ktor zabrauj pokodeniu nervov tm, e redukuj telesn hmotnos; platformy (vozky pomhajce pri chdzi) sa pouvaj po porkach alebo pri polohovan paretickho pacienta najm pri DK, vloky alebo podptky pre jednu nohu, ktor vyrovnvaj kratiu nohu ..., vychdzkov palice, ktor s pouvan len pre zkladn oporu, pretoe ich mme len v naich rukch a nememe sa o ne dobre oprie.

English Language 17/04/2012 Grammar

Reported speech Pouvame ju ak chceme nieo tlmoi. Je to zvislos slovesa v hlavnej vete so slovesom vo vedajej vete. Ak sa vo vedajej vete nachdza prtomn, predprtomn, budci alebo ak sa jedn o trval fakt alebo psan text, tlmoen veta sa nemen, men sa iba opisn tvar. He says: I am Irish. -----------> He says that he is Irish. Posun asov nastva ak je vo vete as minul predminul alebo podmieovac spsob. He said : Im Irish. -------------> He said that he was Irish.

Present Simple -----------------> Past Simple Present Continuous --------------> Past Continuous Present Perfect ----------------> Past Perfect (sptn posun napr. poda kontextu alebo already) Present Perfect Continuous --------------> Present Perfect Continuous Past Simple --------------------------> Past Perfect (sptn posun napr. poda kontextu yesterday) Past Perfect Simple -------------> Past Perfect Simple Past Perfect (Continuous) ---------> Past Perfect (Continuous) Future Simple ------------------> Would Going to-----------------------> Was going to Im going to go shopping, said Tim Tim said he was going to go shopping. Ill need a credit card said Tim Tim said he would need a credit card.

Posvanie zmen My his/her; I he/she; this the/that; this it; those the/those; these those; us them; we they; our their; Posvanie prsloviek (asu) Here there; now then; today that day; tonight - that night; tomorrow the next/following day; yesterday the day before/the previous day; ago before; last night the night before;

Question Teacher asks: Did you study?------->Teacher asks if/whether we studied. Teacher asked: Where are the students?---->Teacher asked where the students were. POZOR NA SLOVOSLED!!! OPYTOVACIA VETA SA MEN NA OZNAMOVACIU!!! Pri pridvan zdvorilostnch frz sa asy neposvaj!!! Napr. Could you please; Would you mind; Just; Please;

Imperative - rozkazy Tom asked a patient: Stand up, please.---------->Tom asked the patient to stand up. Tom asked a patient: Dont sit down.----------->Tom asked the patient not to sit down.

Go Home! -----------------> She told me to go home Be quiet! ------------------> He told us to be quiet. Dont go there! ----------> She told me not to go there. Requests poiadavky/iadosti Please, help me. -------------------------> He asked me to help him. Will you carry my bag, please? ---------> She asked me to carry her bag. Could you open the door, please? ------> She asked me to open the door. Please dont tell anybody. --------------> I asked her not to tell anybody.