PythonAnIntroduction

Arulalan.T
arulalant@gmail.com
CentreforAtmosphericScience
IndianInstituteofTechnologyDelhi

PythonisaProgrammingLanguage

Therearesomany

ProgrammingLanguages.

WhyPython

Pythonissimpleandbeautiful

PythonisEasytoLearn

PythonisFreeOpenSourceSoftware

Can Do

TextHandling

Games

SystemAdministration

NLP

GUIprogramming

WebApplications

...

DatabaseApps

ScientificApplications

Hi s t o r y

GuidovanRossum
FatherofPython
1991

PerlJavaPythonRubyPHP

1987199119931995

What is

Python?

Python is...

A dynamic,open source programming

language with a focus on
simplicity and productivity. It has an
elegant syntax that is natural to read and
easy to write.

QuickandEasy
IntrepretedScriptingLanguage
Variabledeclarationsareunnecessary
Variablesarenottyped
Syntaxissimpleandconsistent
Memorymanagementisautomatic

ObjectOrientedProgramming

Classes
Methods
Inheritance
Modules
etc.,

Examples!

printHelloWorld

NoSemicolons!

Indentation

Youhavetofollow
theIndentation
Correctly.
Otherwise,
Pythonwillbeat
you!

Discipline
Makes
Good

Variables

colored_index_cards

NoNeedtoDeclareVariableTypes!

PythonKnowsEverything!

value=10
printvalue
value=100.50
printvalue
value=ThisisString
printvalue*3

Input

name = raw_input(What

is Your name?)

print "Hello" , name , "Welcome"

Flow

if score >= 5000 :

print You win!
elif score <= 0 :
print Game over.
else:
print Current score:,score
print Done\n

Loop

foriinrange(1,5):
printi
else:
print'Theforloopisover'

number=23
running=True
whilerunning:
guess=int(raw_input('Enteraninteger:'))
ifguess==number:
print'Congratulations,youguessedit.'
running=False
elifguess<number:
print'No,itisalittlehigherthanthat.'
else:
print'No,itisalittlelowerthanthat.'
print'Done'

Array

List=Array

numbers=["zero","one","two","three",
"FOUR"]

List=Array
numbers=["zero","one","two","three",
"FOUR"]
numbers[0]
>>>zero
numbers[4]numbers[1]
>>>FOUR>>>FOUR
numbers[2]
>>>three

MultiDimensionList
numbers=[["zero","one"],["two","three",
"FOUR"]]
numbers[0]
>>>["zero","one"]
numbers[0][0]numbers[1][1]
>>>zero>>>FOUR
len(numbers)
>>>2

SortList

primes = [ 11, 5, 7, 2, 13, 3 ]

SortList

primes = [ 11, 5, 7, 2, 13, 3 ]

primes.sort()

SortList

primes = [ 11, 5, 7, 2, 13, 3 ]

primes.sort()
>>> [2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13]

SortList
names = [ "Shrini", "Bala", "Suresh",
"Arul"]
names.sort()
>>> ["Arul", "Bala","Shrini","Suresh"]
names.reverse()
>>> ["Suresh","Shrini","Bala","Arul"]

MixedList
names = [ "Shrini", 10, "Arul", 75.54]
names[1]+10
>>> 20
names[2].upper()
>>> ARUL

MixedList
names = [ "Shrini", 10, "Arul", 75.54]
names[1]+10
>>> 20
names[2].upper()
>>> ARUL

AppendonList

numbers=[1,3,5,7]
numbers.append(9)
>>>[1,3,5,7,9]

Tuples
immutable

names=('Arul','Dhastha','Raj')
name.append('Selva')
Error:Cannotmodifythetuple
Tupleisimmutabletype

String

name='Arul'
name[0]
>>>'A'

myname='Arul'+'alan'
>>>'Arulalan'

split
name='Thisispythonstring'
name.split('')
>>>['This','is','python','string']
comma='Shrini,Arul,Suresh'
comma.split(',')

join
li=['a','b','c','d']
s=''
new=s.join(li)
>>>abcd
new.split('')
>>>['a','b','c','d']

'small'.upper()
>>>'SMALL'
'BIG'.lower()
>>>'big'
'mIxEd'.swapcase()
>>>'MiXwD'

Dictionary

menu = {
idly
dosai
coffee
ice_cream
100
}
menu[idly]
2.50
menu[100]
Hundred

:
:
:
:
:

2.50,
10.00,
5.00,
5.00,
Hundred

Function

defsayHello():
print'HelloWorld!'#blockbelongingoffn
#Endoffunction
sayHello()#callthefunction

defprintMax(a,b):
ifa>b:
printa,'ismaximum'
else:
printb,'ismaximum'
printMax(3,4)

UsinginbuiltModules

#!/usr/bin/python
#Filename:using_sys.py
importtime
print'Thesleepstarted'
time.sleep(3)
print'Thesleepfinished'

#!/usr/bin/python
importos
os.listdir('/home/arulalan')
os.walk('/home/arulalan')

MakingOurOwnModules

#!/usr/bin/python
#Filename:mymodule.py
defsayhi():
printHi,thisismymodulespeaking.
version='0.1'
#Endofmymodule.py

#!/usr/bin/python
#Filename:mymodule_demo.py
importmymodule
mymodule.sayhi()
print'Version',mymodule.version

#!/usr/bin/python
#Filename:mymodule_demo2.py
frommymoduleimportsayhi,version
#Alternative:
#frommymoduleimport*
sayhi()
print'Version',version

Class

Classes
classPerson:
pass#Anemptyblock
p=Person()
printp

Classes
classPerson:
defsayHi(self):
print'Hello,howareyou?'
p=Person()
p.sayHi()

Classes
classPerson:
def__init__(self,name):
#likecontstructor
self.name=name
defsayHi(self):
print'Hello,mynameis',self.name
p=Person('Arulalan.T')
p.sayHi()

Classes

Inheritance

Classes
classA:
def hello(self):
print'Iamsuperclass'
classB(A):
defbye(self):
print'Iamsubclass'
p=B()
p.hello()
p.bye()

Classes

classA:
Var=10
def __init__(self):
self.public=100
self._protected_='protected'
self.__private__='private'
ClassB(A):
pass
p=B()

FileHandling

FileWriting

poem='''Programmingisfun
Whentheworkisdone
ifyouwannamakeyourworkalsofun:
usePython!
'''
f=file('poem.txt','w')#openfor'w'riting
f.write(poem)#writetexttofile
f.close()

FileReading

f=file('poem.txt','r')
forlineinf.readlines():
printline
f.close()

DatabaseIntergration

importpsycopg2

conn=psycopg2.connect("dbname='pg_database'
user='dbuser'host='localhost'password='dbpass'")
cur=conn.cursor()
cur.execute("""SELECT*frompg_table""")
rows=cur.fetchall()
printrows
cur.close()
conn.close()

importpsycopg2

conn=psycopg2.connect("dbname='pg_database'
user='dbuser'host='localhost'password='dbpass'")
cur=conn.cursor()
cur.execute("'insertintopg_tablevalues(1,'python')"')
conn.commit()
cur.close()
conn.close()

THEEND
ofcode:)

Howtolearn?

PythonShell

InteractivePython

InstanceResponce

Learnasyoutype

bpython
ipython

teachyouveryeasily

Pythoncancommunicate
With
Other
Languages

C
+
Python

Java
+
Python

GUI
With
Python

Glade
+
Python
+
GTK
=
GUIAPP

GLADE

UsingGlade+Python

Web

Web

WebFrameWorkinPython