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PHI 195: Introduction to Ethics Final Exam

DIRECTIONS: Type essay answers for three of the following prompts. Each essay must (1) be 300-600 words long, (2) have a clear, strong thesis, and (3) present solid argumentative and textual evidence. Clearly label each essay, indicating which prompt it responds to. Presenting your opinion on these matters is not enough. Each of your claims must rest on evidence, and all of your claims should serve to establish your thesis. Use MLA formatting for citations. Everyone must write on prompt number 1, choose one prompt from 2, and choose one prompt from 3. The prompts listed below for these essays are not theses. For example: if you were given the prompt What is the difference between a vacation and sabbatical? A viable thesis would be: On sabbatical leave, an academic is expected to complete a major project during the time that she is away from teaching; while, on vacation she is not expected to accomplish anything professional. If you need additional help distinguishing between prompts and theses, be sure to talk to me sooner rather than later. Submit a hard copy of your exam to me in KNT 213 or electronically as an email attachment to thomas_cc@mercer.edu. The due date for PHI 195.003 (12:00) is April 30 @ 4:00 pm. The due date for PHI 195.004 (1:00) is May 4 @ 11:00 am. Late exams will immediately be docked 10%. A penalty of 10% will be applied for every additional 24 hours it is late. Talking to each other (and anyone else) about this exam is perfectly acceptable. Collaborate on ideas, help each other find quotations, and work through sticky issues as much as you want. But, when you begin to compose your answers you must work entirely independently. If I suspect you of academic dishonesty (e.g. because the construction of your essay is similar to another students), I will refer your case to the Honor Council.

PROMPTS: 1. Does the locus of the ethical value of action reside in the consequences of the act, the act itself, or the moral agent? Use any two authors from the course to make your case. 2. a. Is it accurate to describe ethical judgment as relative and objective at the same time? Why or why not? Make your case explicitly with or against Aristotles arguments. b. Make your case explicitly with or against Rands critique of conventional altruism, which she encapsulates in the claim If you wish it, its evil; if others wish it, its good. (p. 537) 3. a. What is the purpose of morality? Use any two authors from the course to make your case. b. Is evil a positive force in the world, or is it a privation? Use any two authors from the course to make your case. c. Do you find Moral Relativism compelling? Use any two authors from the course to make your case. d. Is negative responsibility relevant in judgments of the ethical value of an action? Use any two of our authors from the course to make your case. e. Does ethical integrity require us to try to adhere to our principles come what may? Use any two of our authors from the course to make your case.

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