Wind speed affects evaporation by speeding it up.

If you are wet and you stand in a wind current, you will dry faster. A wet towel in a car will take hours to dry. Stick it out the window while driving and it will be dry before you pull in the driveway. But how does wind speed dry things faster? It is a combination of the properties of water and space.

Water Molecules

Water molecules are bound together by their own force of attraction. In their natural state, they will tend to stick together. Even though spilled water moves like a liquid and can splash and run, the molecules hold together naturally. That is evident in the forming of rain drops in the sky and droplets on the inside of a water glass. It takes force to break apart these molecules. When they are broken apart, these droplets can turn into gas much faster. So wind speed causes disruption in the molecule bonds and helps to break up the water into smaller droplets, thus creating evaporation faster.

Wind and Space

The other element has to do with space. The air above a water mass is filled with air molecules and some water-gas molecules that have just evaporated and broken free. This creates a density in the air similar to humidity, which can slow evaporation. A wind current moving across this space is going to carry away these newly evaporated water molecules, allowing more water to evaporate into that space. The wind current will carry away more water molecules when the speed of that wind is higher, thus more evaporation in a shorter period of time.

Read more: How Does Wind Speed Affect Evaporation? | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/how-does_5009327_wind-speed-affectevaporation.html#ixzz1ruNdQd7K

How can water turn to vapor below the boiling point?

May 18, 2004

Dear Straight Dope: As I was drying my hands under a hot-air dryer the other day, I started wondering. Why does the water on my hands evaporate when the temperature of the air from the dryer is well below 100C? I know a reasonable proportion of the water would have been absorbed into my skin but surely some of it must have evaporated. Adam, Nottingham, UK

You're correct - unless you're the Human Sponge, most of the water on your hands evaporates and isn't absorbed into your skin. Your question is one many people wonder about. When water evaporates out of a glass or the bathtub or, in your case, off your body, clearly it's well below the boiling point, typically 212F (100C) at sea level. To understand why this happens, we need to learn a bit about what's occurring at the molecular level. What we perceive as temperature is an average effect. In any given quantity of water, individual molecules are moving at different speeds. Low energy/low temperature molecules move slowly; high energy/high temperature ones move fast. While the average temperature of the liquid may be below boiling, some molecules build up enough speed as a result of random collisions to break free from the liquid's surface and enter the surrounding air. This is the process we know as evaporation. What's the difference between evaporation and boiling? During evaporation, some hotter-thanaverage molecules escape the liquid, taking their heat energy with them. (As a result, what's left behind on average is cooler, which is why evaporation of sweat helps to cool us). During boiling, on the other hand, so much heat has been added to the water that all the molecules are scrambling to escape, and the water turns to steam. Evaporation isn't the only thing happening at the molecular level. Some molecules of water vapor in the air slow down enough that when they strike your skin they stick. This process is called condensation. Evaporation and condensation occur simultaneously, but since the particles are so small we only see the net effect. Under certain conditions, e.g., if the air temperature is higher than your skin temperature (typically 35C/95F) and the relative humidity is 100%, as in in sauna, a considerable amount of water will condense on your skin. More commonly the net effect is evaporation - you lose more water than you gain. But in moderate heat and humidity, the net evaporation rate when you're at rest is relatively low. Now let's focus on your example. The rate of evaporation from your skin is determined by four primary factors:
1. 2. 3. 4. The temperature of your skin. The temperature of the ambient (surrounding) air. The amount of water in the air relative to the amount it can hold (the relative humidity). The ambient air pressure.

When you dry your hands under a hot-air dryer, you're doing three things:

You're increasing your skin temperature, speeding up the water molecules on your hands and making them evaporate faster. You're increasing the local air temperature (i.e., as your hands perceive it). You're blowing the moist air away from your skin, allowing hot, dry air to come into contact with it, in effect decreasing local humidity.

Net result: You greatly speed the evaporation rate and in so doing dry your hands.

Air pressure isn't much of a factor when you're using a hot-air dryer, but it definitely affects both evaporation and boiling, which is why water boils at a much lower temperature at high altitude than at low (and why it's difficult to make proper English tea in the mountains). In simple terms, as the pressure of the atmosphere is reduced, water molecules need less energy to escape into it which means a lower boiling point. Thus, water for tea on top of Pike's Peak (14,110 ft / 4,300 m) boils at roughly 187F (86.1C). References: ASME Steam Tables, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers, 1972. Engineering Thermodynamics - Fundamentals and Applications, Huang, Francis F., 1988. Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, Incropera, Frank P. and De Witt, David P. 1990. Engineer-in-Training Reference Manual, Lindeburg, Michael R., 1992. Una

Staff Reports are written by the Straight Dope Science Advisory Board, Cecil's online auxiliary. Though the SDSAB does its best, these columns are edited by Ed Zotti, not Cecil, so accuracywise you'd better keep your fingers crossed.