x am oun t available (q uan tity) ~ am oun t to give

A cetam in oph en (Tylenoll acetylcy stein e IM ucom yst) An tich ergics (jlin B en zodiazepes in
-~ - . ------- - ---- - _ ------~---- -

~ _______________ ~ , -,

dose ord ered dose on hand

x quan tity available

p~y_~ostigm in e (An tiliriu m) flum aze l [R om azicon ) ni calciu Zh lorid e, calciu glucon ate m m m eth y lene blue (U rolen ~

C alcium ~h an n el blockers C yanid ."r nitrate e

D igoxin (Lan oxin ) digoxin im m un e fab (D ig ) ibind R ule 1: M ultiplyin g on e sid e of an eq uation by a con version fa ctor will not H ep a _~________ n _._______________ rin ~. ________ _~_P!otam in ~ ulfat_e e ________ _ ch an ge th e value of th e eq uation . defe roxa m in e (D e sferal) R ule 2 : S et up th e proble m so th at all labels cancel from th e num erato r Iron and ~ --------~--- ------- -------- - --~ -----d en om in ator except th e label d esired in th e an sw er. In su _l_in _____ __ ~________________ m ~ ___________n _~gl , ucagon______ _n _______ __ ~ n LeaE __ n _~ _______________________ ______ _ ~S lJC cil11 ~ emte ________ .~ _ __n , r ICh )~ _ O pioid s ' nai<Jx e (N arcan l~ nalfem e(R evex) on ne vitam in K (A q uam eph yton )

}teasp oon _ ~sp oo s ~ l~rn L_______ __ n_ ~ ! 1,tablespo on _3.0.m L I 2 tablesp s, 1 oun ce (oz) oon 5C Jo.~_n ___________________________1 pin _t __ _____ 1000 m L or 1 liter (L) 2 pin ts or 1 q rt ua m iO O O l_ ~ ogram s (in cg) 11i _______ __ 1 m illigram (m g) 1000 m g __________________________ 1 gram i 1000 gram s or 1 kilogram (k g) 2.2 pound s (I b)

_ _ ~~ ~~ ~~ = - _- = _ - _ - _ - ~ ~ _ ~ ~ = ~ ~ - _ - _ = = c =~ =- sJ pj ~~ o~n ~ = = ~ _ o
1 m illiliter (m L) 1 cubic cen tim eter Icc)

W arfarin sod ium (C ou m ad in )

Steps for Calculating Pediatric Medicati0!1 Dosages

1. 2. C on vert th e child 's w eigh t fro m poun d s lib) to kilogram s = 2 .2 lb.kg (kg); 1 C alculate th e safe total daily d ose in m g/k g or in m cg/k g fo r a ch ild of this w eigh t as recom m en d ed in a stan dard drug refe ren ce book (m g/k g recom m en d ed X w eigh t in kgl. T hen calculate th e am oun t of on e d ose (total daily dose d ivid ed by th e n um ber of d oses/d ay), C om p are th e ord ered dose to th e recom m en d ed dose and d eterm in e if th e d ose is sa fe . If th e dose is sa fe , calculate th e am oun t of on e d ose usin g on e of th e m ed ication dosa ge form u las sh ow n . If un safe, con sult prescriber be fore ad m inisterin g.

3. 4.

acetam in oph en (T ylen ol) carba azepin e m IT egr tol)digoxin e (Lan oxinlidoc e ) ain IX ylocai e H C I) n li',hium (E skalithph en ytoin ) (D ilan tin )
C _

0.2-0.6 m g/d L; tox 5 m g/d L- 4 ic> 12 m cg/m L 0.5-2 .0 ng/m L 1.5-6.0 m cg/m L 0.5-1.5 m Eq /L
----- -- -

x drop factor

flo w rate

10-20 m cg/m L

n ~ _________ 4 ~B m cg/m L procain am id e (Pron estyl) 2 -6 m cg/m L - - ~- - - - - -- -----q uin e (Q uin algute) idin 100-2 00 m g/L; toxic: >200 m g /L salicylate (acetylsa licylic acid; A)spi rin 10-20 m cg/m L th eoph yllin e (Th eo-D ur) 50-100 m cg/m L ~ --- ----valproic acid (D epak en e) 30-40 m g/m L van com ycin (V an cocin) (peak); 5-10 m g/iT ll(trou g h) m cg= m icrogram ; m Eq illieq uivalen t; n g an ogram =m =n

Q uestion an y m edication ord er th at is not w ritten clearly, has an un usual dose, or is n ot in keepin g w ith treatm en t for clien t's know n health proble m s, Prepare m ed ication s in a q uiet area aw ay from n oise and d istraction s. C h eck clien t d rug allergie s be fore giving m ed ication s; if th ere is n o notation in th e allergy section (sl of th e m edical record, S T O P an d be sure to obtain an allergy h istory prior to ad m inistration V erify ord er for a m ed ication th at is q uestion able ba sed on allergy h istory before ad m inistration B e kn ow led geable about m edication s: variou s n am es, correct d osage ran ges, m eth od of ad m inistration , and sid e/ad verse effects. H a v ean oth er n urse ch eck d osage of paren teral m ed ication s (such as h eparin , d igoxin , and in sulin ) th at could po se im m ediate harm to clien t if given incorrectly. Be aw are of d rug-food and drug-d rug interaction s to red uce risk of eith er ineffective treatm en t or toxic effects Som etim e s in teraction s red uce drug's effe ctiven e ss an d som etim e s th ey h eigh ten its effe ct U se tw o m eth od s to id en tify clien t prior to m ed ication ad m in istration . A sk clien t to state nam e an d date of birth if clien t is verbal. O th erw ise ch eck n am e and d ate of birth or m ed ical record num ber on identification bracelet and m edication ad m inistration record or com pute rized m ed ication sh eet B e espe cially care ful w h en th ere are tw o clien ts or m ore in room . If clien t q uestion s a m edication or state s it is diffe ren t th an on e taken at h om e, S TO P and rech eck m ed ication ord er and clien t history, V erify ord er as nece ssary be fore proce edin g. C are fu lly an d prom ptly docum en t m edication ad m inistration . C h eck results of ord ered th erapeutic drug levels as so on as th ey are expected to be available and report results prom ptly. Teach clien ts and sign ifican t oth ers/fa m ily m em bers about m edication s w ell in ad van ce of disch arge so th ey are prepared for sa fe self- ad m in istration fo llow ing disch arge.

Nwrin:J Nom accom pan y

Pren tice H all's R eview s and R ation ales

S eries - a serie s of topical book s for N C L EX an d course review . To ord er an y of th e title s in the series or an y oth er Pren tice Hall Nursin g title, please call: 800 82-0693, visit your local bookstore , or visit us on lin e at 2 w w w .pren h all.comu/n i n g reso u rc e s. rs

ISBN-13: 978-0-13-243710-3

ISBN-10: 0-13243710-4

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