2009-EPA-Msgp Industrial SW Monitoring - Guide

IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide
Acknowledgements
AllphotosarecourtesyofTetraTech,Inc.SamplingillustrationsinSection2arecourtesyofWashington DepartmentofEcologysguideonHowToDoStormwaterSampling:Aguideforindustrialfacilities (availableathttp://www.ecy.wa.gov/pubs/0210071.pdf)
FinalDraft PrepublicationCopy
AformattedversionofthisguidewillbeavailableinApril,2009.
1.IntroductiontoStormwaterMonitoringandSampling 2.PreparationforMonitoring 2.1DetermineWhereStormwaterIsDischargedFromYourProperty 2.2DetermineWhereYouWillCollectSamples 2.3DetermineWhichTypesofMonitoringRequirementsApplyAtEachOutfall 2.4DetermineifYourFacilityisSubjecttoImpairedWatersMonitoringRequirements 2.5WhatTypeofStormEventsQualifyforMonitoring 2.6SelecttheMonitoringTeam 2.7SelectaLaboratorytoAnalyzetheSamples 2.8DocumentMonitoringProceduresinYourSWPPP 3.ConductMonitoring 3.1WhattoHaveInPlacePriortoCollectingStormwaterSamples 3.2CollectStormwaterSamples 3.3RecordInformationforEachMonitoringEvent 3.4QualityAssuranceConsiderations 3.5ConductingVisualAssessmentsofStormwaterDischarges 4.EvaluateMonitoringResults 4.1EvaluatingQuarterlyVisualAssessmentResults 4.2EvaluatingBenchmarkMonitoringResults 4.3EffluentLimitationGuidelineMonitoringResults 4.4SpecificPollutantsandControlMeasureOptions 5.RecordKeepingandReporting 5.1ReportingMonitoringData 6.TrainPersonnel 7.References AppendixA2008MSGPIndustrialStormwaterMonitoringForm AppendixB2008MSGPVisualMonitoringForm AppendixC2008MSGPIndustrialStormwaterCollectionForm 1 3 4 5 12 17 20 21 22 23 24 24 27 29 30 33 34 34 35 37 38 40 40 42 42 43 44 45
IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide TheIndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide(guide)isahowtoprimerforindustrial facilityoperatorsonhowtoconductvisualandanalyticalmonitoringofstormwaterdischarges.The targetaudienceisoperatorsoffacilitiessubjecttotheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencys(EPA) 2008MultiSectorGeneralPermit(2008MSGP)orasimilarStateissuedindustrialstormwaterpermit. Theinformationpresentedwillalsobeusefultoanyoneinterestedinindustrialstormwatermonitoring. Theprocedurespresentedinthisguide,specificallyrelatedtomonitoringmethodologyandquality assurance,willhelpensurethatstormwatersamplesyieldusableinformation.

The2008MSGPcoversspecificindustrialactivities(seeAppendixDofthe2008MSGP,availableat www.epa.gov/npdes/msgp)inStates,territories,andIndianCountrylandswhereEPAistheNationalPollutant DischargeEliminationSystem(NPDES)permittingauthority(i.e.,inthoseStatesorterritoriesnotauthorizedto issueNPDESpermitsthemselvesseeAppendixCofthe2008MSGP).
ThisguidedoesnotimposeanynewlegallybindingrequirementsonEPA,States,ortheregulated community,anddoesnotconferlegalrightsorimposelegalobligationsuponanymemberofthepublic. Intheeventofaconflictbetweenthediscussioninthisdocumentandanystatute,regulation,orpermit, thisdocumentwouldnotbecontrolling.

Monitoringvs.Sampling.Inthisguide,samplingreferstotheactual,physicalcollectionandanalysisof stormwatersamples.Thetermmonitoringreferstobothsamplingandvisualobservationsofstormwater discharges,includingtherelatedpreparationanddocumentationtasks.
Interestedpartiesarefreetoraisequestionsandobjectionsaboutthesubstanceofthisguideandthe appropriatenessoftheapplicationofthisguidetoaparticularsituation.EPAandotherdecisionmakers retainthediscretiontoadoptapproachesonacasebycasebasisthatdifferfromthosedescribedinthis guidewhereappropriate.
1.IntroductiontoStormwaterMonitoringandSampling
Mostindustrialstormwaterpermitsrequireinstallationandimplementationofcontrolmeasuresto minimizeoreliminatepollutantsinstormwaterrunofffromyourfacility.Thecontrolmeasuresyou chooseforyourfacilitymustbedocumentedinyourfacilityspecificStormwaterPollutionPrevention Plan(SWPPP).Theresultsofyourstormwatermonitoringwillhelpyoudeterminetheeffectivenessof yourcontrolmeasures,andoverallstormwatermanagementprogram.Evaluationofyourstormwater managementprogramwillincludeinspections,visualassessments,andmonitoring(i.e.,sampling)of specifiedstormwaterdischarges.Regularstormwaterinspectionsandvisualassessmentsprovide qualitativeinformationonwhetherthereareunaddressedpotentialpollutantsourcesatyoursite,and whetherexistingcontrolmeasuresareeffectiveorneedtobereevaluated.Stormwatersampling providesquantitative(i.e.,numeric)datatodeterminepollutantconcentrationsinrunoffand,inturn, thedegreetowhichyourcontrolmeasuresareeffectivelyminimizingcontactbetweenstormwaterand pollutantsources,andthesuccessofyourstormwatercontrolapproachinmeetingapplicabledischarge requirementsoreffluentlimits. Thefollowingarethetypesofindustrialstormwatermonitoringrequirementstypicallyincludedin industrialgeneralpermits:
IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide VisualAssessmentsofDischarges.Permitteesarerequiredtoregularlyandfrequently(e.g., quarterlyunderthe2008MSGP)takeagrabsampleduringaraineventandassesskeyvisual indicatorsofstormwaterpollutioncolor,odor,clarity,floatingsolids,settledsolids,suspended solids,foam,oilsheen,andotherqualitativemarkersofpollution.Thefindingsofthese assessmentsareusedtotriggerfurtherfacilityinspectionsandcorrectiveactionstomodify problemsfoundatthesite. IndicatororBenchmarkSampling.Stormwatersamplesarecollectedfromasitesdischarge points(oroutfalls)forlaboratoryanalysisandtheresultsarecomparedwithbenchmark pollutantconcentrationsasanindicatoroftheperformanceofstormwatercontrolmeasures.A benchmarkpollutantconcentrationisalevelabovewhichastormwaterdischargecould adverselyaffectreceivingwaterquality(andcontrolmeasuresmustbeevaluated)and,ifbelow, thefacilityisnotexpectedtohaveanimpactonreceivingwaterquality.Thistypeofmonitoring differsfromcompliancemonitoring(seebelow)inthatexceedancesoftheindicatoror benchmarklevelsarenotconsideredviolations,butratherredflagsthatcouldpointtoa problematthesitewithexposedpollutantsourcesorcontrolmeasuresthatarenotworking correctly.Forinstance,the2008MSGPincludesbenchmarksthatarebasedtoalargedegree onEPAsaquaticlifecriteria.Wheretheaverageofsamplestakenoverfourconsecutive quartersexceedtheapplicablebenchmarkconcentrationofaparticularpollutant,thepermittee isrequiredtoinvestigatewhetherthehigherpollutantlevelscanbeattributedtosome pollutantsourceorfaultycontrolmeasure(s),andtoaddresssuchproblemsthroughcorrective actionandpossiblyfurthermonitoring. ComplianceSampling.WhereafacilityissubjecttooneoftheFederaleffluentlimitation guidelines(ELGs)addressinglimitsonstormwaterrunoff,samplingisrequiredtodetermine compliancewiththoselimits.Table1providesalistofthecurrentapplicableeffluentlimitation guidelines. Table1.ApplicableEffluentLimitationsGuidelines (2008MSGPPart2.1.3) RegulatedActivity 40CFRPart/Subpart Dischargesresultingfromspraydownorintentionalwetting Part429,SubpartI oflogsatwetdeckstorageareas Runofffromphosphatefertilizermanufacturingfacilitiesthat Part418,SubpartA comesintocontactwithanyrawmaterials,finishedproduct, byproductsorwasteproducts(SIC2874) Runofffromasphaltemulsionfacilities Part443,SubpartA Runofffrommaterialstoragepilesatcementmanufacturing Part411,SubpartC facilities Minedewateringdischargesatcrushedstone,construction Part436,SubpartsB,C,orD sandandgravel,orindustrialsandminingfacilities Runofffromhazardouswastelandfills Part445,SubpartA Runofffromnonhazardouswastelandfills Part445,SubpartB Runofffromcoalstoragepilesatsteamelectricgenerating Part423 facilities
IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide Theselimitsarerequiredtobeincludedinallgeneralindustrialpermits.Typically,permits requirecorrectiveactionandfurthersamplingwhenaneffluentlimitationisexceeded.An exceedanceofanapplicableeffluentlimitationguidelineconstitutesaviolationofthepermit. MonitoringRequirementsforDischargestoImpairedWatersGeneralindustrialpermitsmay havespecialmonitoringrequirementsforfacilitiesthatdischargepollutantsofconcerninto impairedwaters.
Foranexplanationofthesemonitoringrequirementsinthe2008MSGPseePart6.2.Part8ofthe2008MSGP includesthebenchmarkandeffluentlimitationguidelinemonitoringrequirementsforeachoftheindustrial sectorsaffectedbysuchrequirements.
2.PreparationforMonitoring
Thissectiondescribestheinformationyouwillneedbeforemonitoring.Whilethisguideismeanttobe ageneralprimerforanyoneinterestedinindustrialstormwatermonitoring,Section2followsthe organizationofthe2008MSGP.ManyStategeneralpermitsareverysimilartothe2008MSGP.Itis EPAshopethatthisformatwillbeofusetopermitteesinmoststates.However,ifyouaresubjecttoa Stateindustrialgeneralpermit,youshouldcompareyourpermitsmonitoringrequirementstothe requirementsreflectedinthisguidetoensurethatyouarefollowingallapplicableStaterequirements. Ingeneral,preparationiscriticaltomakesurethatindustrialstormwatermonitoringisconducted properlyandinatimelymanner.Mostofthisinformationshouldhavebeencollectedpreviouslyforthe purposesofsubmittingyourpermitapplicationorNoticeofIntent(NOI),andindevelopingthe monitoringproceduressectionofyourstormwaterpollutionpreventionplan(SWPPP).However,this guidereviewssomeofthestepsnecessarytodevelopthisinformation,suchasthesitemapcomponent oftheSWPPP,incasefacilitieshavenotalreadydoneso.Ifyouhavealreadycompletedanyofthese stepsinthissection,youcanskiptothenextapplicationsectionorsubsectioninthisguide.Formore informationonhowtodevelopaSWPPP,refertoEPAsguideDevelopingYourStormwaterPollution PreventionPlan:AGuideforIndustrialOperators,availableonEPAswebsiteat www.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/msgp. IfyouhavealreadysubmittedyourNOI,thefollowingdocumentswillserveasgoodresourcesfor informationthatyouwillneedpriortomonitoring: AcopyofyourNOIorapplicationsubmittedtoEPAoraState,andyourassignedpermit registrationnumber. AcopyoftheEPA/StateresponsetoyourNOI/permitapplicationsubmissionifitincludes specificdetailspertainingtoyourmonitoring(e.g.,pollutantsrequiredtobemonitored, frequencyofmonitoring,benchmarkorcompliancesamplingrequirements,etc.). Acopyofyourapplicablepermit,includingtheaccompanyingfactsheet. AcompletecopyofyourSWPPP,whichmustincludeadetailedsitemapofyourfacilitywith locationsofallstormwatermonitoringpoints,andadescriptionoftheproceduresyouoryour
IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide stormwaterpollutionpreventionteamwillfollowwhenconductingmonitoringandvisual assessments.
2.1DetermineWhereStormwaterIsDischargedFromYourProperty
Ifyouhavenotalreadydoneso,walkthegroundsandperimeterofyourfacilityduringastormeventto identifywhererunoffdischargesfromthesite(knownasoutfalls).Outfallsarelocationswhere stormwaterexitsthefacilityproperty,includingpipes,ditches,swales,andotherstructuresthat transportstormwater.Ifpossible,walkoutsidetheboundaryofyourfacilitytoidentifyoutfallsthatmay notbeapparentfromwithinyoursite.
Stormwater discharges to the slot drain and is conveyed offsite through a valved pipe. Youshouldnotewhere: Concentratedstormwaterexitsyourfacility(e.g.,throughapipe,ditchorsimilarconveyance). Theseoutletsareusuallygoodsamplingpoints. Dispersedrunoff(i.e.sheetflow)flowsoffsite(e.g.,throughagrassyareaoracrossaparking lot).Notewhetherconcentratedflowscomminglewiththesheetflow. Stormdraininletsorcatchbasinsarelocated.Trytodeterminewherethestormdrainssend yourrunoff(e.g.,toyourmunicipalseparatestormsewersystem[MS4],toacombinedsewer system,totheseparatedsanitarysewer,ordirectlytoanearbywaterbody).
IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide Areaswherestormwatermightenteryourfacilityfromneighboringfacilitiesandcommingle withyourstormwaterdischarges. Authorizednonstormwaterdischargescomminglewithstormwaterpriortodischarge(such commingleddischargesmaybecoveredunderyourpermit).
TermstoKnow: CombinedSewerSystem:Combinedsewersystemsaresewersthataredesignedtocollectrainwater runoff,domesticsewage,andindustrialwastewaterinthesamepipe.Mostofthetime,combined sewersystemstransportalloftheirwastewatertoasewagetreatmentplant,whereitistreatedand thendischargedtoawaterbody.Duringperiodsofheavyrainfallorsnowmelt,however,the wastewatervolumeinacombinedsewersystemcanexceedthecapacityofthesewersystemor treatmentplant.Forthisreason,combinedsewersystemsaredesignedtooverflowoccasionallyand dischargeexcesswastewaterdirectlytonearbystreams,rivers,orotherwaterbodies. MS4:Aconveyanceorsystemofconveyances(includingroadswithdrainagesystems,municipalstreets, catchbasins,curbs,gutters,ditches,manmadechannels,orstormdrains)whichareownedand operatedbyapublicbody(createdbyorpursuanttoStatelaw)havingjurisdictionoverdisposalof sewage,industrialwastes,stormwater,orotherwastesthatdischargestowatersoftheUnitedStates; designedorusedforcollectingorconveyingstormwater;whichisnotacombinedsewer;andwhichis notpartofapubliclyownedtreatmentworks(POTW).[40CFR122.26(b)(8)]. Marktheselocationsonyourfacilitysitemap,whichwillbeincludedaspartofyourSWPPP,andlabel eachoutfalllocationwithuniqueidentifierstodifferentiatethem.Forexample,youmaydecideto namethedifferentoutfallsaccordingtowherethestormwaterisbeingdischarged,suchasMS41,MS4 2,etc.foroutfallsdischargingtotheMS4orST1,ST2,etc.foroutfallsdischargingdirectlytoan adjacentstream.Usinguniqueidentifierswillhelpyoutocoordinatemonitoringrequirements. Inadditiontomarkingtheoutfallsonthemap,youwillneedtodeterminethedrainageareaforeach dischargepoint.Ifyourfacilityislargeandhassignificantchangesinelevation,atopographicmapmay benecessary.However,ifyourfacilityissmallandrelativelyflat,thebestwaytodefinethedrainage areaforeachoutfallisanonthegroundvisualassessment,preferablyduringarainevent.Sketchthe basicdrainageareasonthemapforeachoutfall.Knowingthedrainageareaforeachoutfallishelpful whenyoursamplingindicatesproblemsatthatoutfall.Youcanfocusyoureffortsontheindustrial materialsandactivitiesinthatdrainagearea,insteadoftheentiresite,toidentifywhatmaybecausing theproblem.
2.2DetermineWhereYouWillCollectSamples
Nowthatyouhavedeterminedthedifferentpointsofdischargefromyoursite,youwillneedtoselect theexactlocationsfromwhichyouwillbecollectingyourstormwatersamples.NotethatPart5.1.5.2of the2008MSGPrequiresindustrialoperatorstodocumentintheirSWPPPsthelocationwheresamples willbecollected.Generally,industrialstormwaterpermitsrequirethatyousamplestormwater dischargespriortothestormwaterleavingyourfacility,andatalocationdownstreamfromallofyour industrialmaterialsandactivities.Thereasonbehindrequiringsuchalocationissothatthesampleis
IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide representativeofyourfacilitysdischarge,takingintoaccountthetypesofpollutantsthatmaybe containedinrunofffromtheproperty. Appropriatesamplelocationsinclude: Undergroundpipesthatcollectstormwaterfromdropinletsandconveystormwatertoan offsitelocation(e.g.,street,curborMS4).Besureyoucollectonlythestormwaterdischarging fromyourfacilityandnotthebaseflowinthepipesthatisbeingdischargedfromfacilities upstream.Donotenterundergroundlocationstocollectsamples.Useapolewithasampling containerattachedattheendtocollectthesample.
Openditches,guttersorswalesthatcarrystormwaterfromyourfacilitytoanoffsitelocation.If theseconveyancescontainrunofffromanotherfacility,itisimportanttonotethatinyour SWPPP;
Facilitydrivewaysandotherstreetaccesspoints;and
Outletsdischargingoffsitefromonsitestormwaterdetentionpondsorothertypesofstructural controlmeasures.ItisimportanttosampleattheOUTLETofyourstructuralcontrolmeasures, asopposedtotheINLETofsuchstructures,inordertodeterminethequalityofthewaterafter treatment.
WheretoSampleWhenThereAreMultipleDischargePoints Youarerequiredtomonitoralloutfallsthatreceivestormwaterdischargesfromyourindustrialactivity. SeePart6.1.1ofthe2008MSGP.Ifyouhavemultiplestormwaterdischargepointsatyourfacility,you needtoidentifywhichoutfallsareassociatedwithindustrialmaterialsandactivities,andmonitorthose outfalls.Understandingthehydrologicconnectionbetweenyouroutfallsandthepartsofyourfacility thatdraintothosepoints,andthepollutantsassociatedwiththeindustrialactivitiesintheseareas,will assistyouindesigningamonitoringprogramthatisrepresentativeofthepollutantsbeingdischarged fromyoursite.Developingsuchanunderstandingwillalsohelplateronwhenyoubegintoassessyour samplingresultsanddeterminewhereimprovementscouldbemadetoyourstormwatercontrol measures.Thesitemapyouprepare(seePart5.1.2ofthe2008MSGP)willhelpyouunderstandthe correlationbetweenyourareasofpotentialpollutantsources,thedirectionofstormwaterflowfrom thoseareas,andthedischargepoints.
IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide Notethatyouarenotrequiredtomonitoratoutfalllocationsthatreceivestormwaterflowonlyfrom unregulatedareasofyoursite(i.e.,therearenoindustrialmaterialsoractivitiesinthedrainagearea). Forinstance,ahypotheticalfacilitymayhavetwooutfalls,onethatreceivesdischargesfromanarea whereindustrialmaterialsarehandledandstored,andasecondoutfallthatreceivesdischargesfroman unregulatedparkinglotusedbyemployees.Inthisscenario,theindustrialpermitteewouldonlycollect samplesfromthefirstoutfallbecauseitdischargesstormwaterassociatedwithindustrialactivity. Alternatively,ifthesitessecondoutfall(e.g.,theoutfallreceivingrunofffromtheparkinglot)also drainsareasofthefacilitywithregulatedindustrialactivities,thenthisoutfallwouldalsoneedtobe sampled.Inthissituation,samplingforthisoutfallshouldbedoneatalocationpriortowherethetwo flowscomminglesothatyouarecapturingtheindustrialportionoftheflow.SeePart6.1.2ofthe2008 MSGP. WheretoSampleifOutfallsAreSubstantiallyIdentical Ifyourfacilityhastwoormoreoutfallswhosedischargesaresubstantiallyidentical,someindustrial stormwaterpermits,includingthe2008MSGP,allowyoutomonitorthedischargeatjustone representativeoutfallandapplytheresultstotheothersubstantiallyidenticaloutfalls.EPAdefines substantiallyidenticalinthe2008MSGPasfollows: twoormoreoutfallsthatyoubelievedischargesubstantiallyidenticaleffluents,basedonthe similaritiesofthegeneralindustrialactivitiesandcontrolmeasures,exposedmaterialsthatmay significantlycontributepollutantstostormwater,andrunoffcoefficientsoftheirdrainageareas .SeePart6.1.1ofthe2008MSGP. Theflexibilityprovidedtopermitteestosampleatjustonelocation,whichisconsideredrepresentative ofallsubstantiallyidenticaloutfalls,isanexceptiontotherulestatedabovethatsamplesmustbetaken fromalloutfallsatafacility.Notethatthisexceptiondoesnotapplytocompliancemonitoring(effluent limitationguidelinemonitoring),whichmustbeconductedateachoutfalltowhichtheeffluent guidelineapplies. Inchoosingwhichofthesubstantiallyidenticaloutfallsfromwhichtosample,youshouldselectthe outfallthathasbeenobservedtohavethemostconsistentflow.Tousethesubstantiallyidentical outfallexception,youmustdocumentinyourSWPPPhowthetwoormoreoutfallsaresubstantially identical,basedontheabovedefinition.Youwillneedtodocumentthefollowinginformation: Thelocationsoftheoutfalls; Estimatedsizeofthedrainagearea(insquarefeet)foreachoutfall; Generalindustrialactivitiesconductedinthedrainageareaofeachoutfall; Controlmeasuresbeingimplementedinthedrainageareaofeachoutfall; Whytheoutfallsareexpectedtodischargesimilarstormwater;and Anestimateoftherunoffcoefficientofthedrainageareas(0.0norunoffpotentialto1.0all precipitationrunsoff). Therunoffcoefficientistheratioofexcessrunofftotheamountofprecipitationforagiventimeovera givenarea,witha0(zero)runoffcoefficientmeaningnorunoffpotentialand1.0(one)meaninga completelyimpervioussurfaceandallstormwaterrunsoff.Therunoffcoefficientisrelatedtothe amountofimpervioussurfaces(buildings,pavement,sidewalks,etc.)versuspervioussurfaces(grass,
IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide graveledareas,etc.)atthesite.Themoreimpervioussurfaceafacilityhas,thelargertherunoff coefficient.Lightindustrialfacilitiestypicallyhavearunoffcoefficientbetween0.50and0.80andheavy industrialfacilitiestypicallyhavearunoffcoefficientbetween0.60and0.90. Hereisanexamplewhereafacilitycouldtakeadvantageofthesubstantiallyidenticaloutfalls exception:ametalrecyclingfacilitywithalargescrapmetalpilehasthreeseparateoutfallsthatare eachconnectedbytheirowndrainageditchtodifferentportionsofthesamepile,andtherunoffthatis dischargedismanagedusingthesametypeofcontrolmeasureineachdrainagearea.Inthisscenario, thefacilitysoperatorcanusethesubstantiallyidenticaloutfallexceptionbecausetheindustrial activitiesatthesiteareallthesame,therunoffflowsthroughexposedareasthatpresumablycontribute thesametypeofpollutants,andthedrainageareahasthesameorsimilarrunoffcoefficients.Notethat thesubstantiallyidenticaloutfallexceptioncouldnotbeusediftherewereinfactdifferencesinanyof therequiredcomponentsdefinedabove. Ifyourpermitdoesallowyoutouseasubstantiallyidenticaloutfallexception,makesureyoucarefully reviewthetypeofmonitoringforwhichthisexceptionapplies.Forinstance,whilethe2008MSGP allowspermitteestousethesubstantiallyidenticaloutfallexceptionforbenchmarkandvisual assessmentsamples,thepermitprohibitsuseofthisexceptionforcompliancemonitoring(e.g.,foruse inshowingcompliancewithnumericeffluentlimitationguidelines).Therefore,ifafacilitypermitted underthe2008MSGPissubjecttoanumericlimitbasedonanEPAeffluentlimitationguideline,it wouldhavetomonitoralloutfallsatthesitereceivingflowsfromtheapplicableindustrialactivities.See Part6.2.2.2ofthe2008MSGP. Wheretocollectasample SamplingSheetFlow Insomeareasofyourfacilityitmaybedifficulttoobtainasamplebecausetherunoffdrainsassheet flowbeforeitbecomesconcentratedenoughforsampling.Iftheflowistooshallowtodirectlyfilla collectionbottle,youcanovercomethisby: o Concentratingthesheetflowbyexcavatingasmalldepressioninanexistingditchorother locationwherestormwaterrunoffflows. o Installingatrough,gutterorditchtointerceptandconcentratestormwaterflow.
IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide o Installingspeedbumpstoconveyandconcentratealargeareaofsheetflow.
Collectingasheetflowstormwatersample.
Youshouldmakethesemodificationsduringaperiodwhenrainisnotforecastsoanypollutants generatedcanbecleanedupbeforeastormhits.Also,ifyoudigaditchordisturbtheearthinsome way,linethedisturbancewithconcreteorplasticsothatyoudonotcontaminateyourstormwater sampleswithsedimentorotherpollutants. SamplingfromaPipe Whencollectinganytypeof Forrunoffflowingthroughapipeintoaditchorreceivingwater,you stormwatersampleitis shouldsampletheoutflowdirectlyfromthepipe.Forhardtoreach imperativethatthesampleis pipes,itmaybenecessarytofastenacollectionbottletoapole(see collectedbeforethe SamplingfromaManholeinTable2below). stormwaterreachesthe receivingwater. SamplingFromaDrainageDitchorSwale Ifyourstormwaterisdischargedviaadrainageditchorvegetatedswale,takeagrabsamplefroma consistentlyflowingpartoftheditch/swale.Iftheditch/swaleistoosmallorshallow,installabarrier deviceinthechannelordeepenasmallareasoyouareabletosampledirectlyintothebottles.Allow sufficienttimetopassafterdisturbingthebottomsothatanysolidsstirredupdonotcontaminateyour sample.
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IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide SamplingFromaStormwaterDetention/RetentionBasinorOther TreatmentDevice Ifitisnecessaryforyoutosamplefromadetentionorretentionbasin,doso attheoutfallofthestructure.Collectingsamplesfromstagnantorslowly movingwaterinsideapondwillnotyieldarepresentativesampleasthe pollutantsmightnotbeadequatelymixed.Stormwaterbasinsmayhold stormwaterforlongperiodsoftime.Collectyoursamplewithin30minutes fromwhenthepondbeginstodischarge.
PotentialSamplingIssues Dependingonthelocationofyourmonitoringpoints,youmayencounter additionalchallengesbeyonddecidingwhichsamplingtechniquetoemployat eachsite.Table2identifiessomestormwatersamplingproblemscommonto industrialfacilitiesandguidanceforhowEPAsuggestsyouaddressthemiftheyoccuratyoursite. Table2.SolutionstoTypicalStormwaterSamplingProblems

Problem RunonfromNeighboringProperties Solution Ideally,yourstormwatersampleswillcontainonlyrunofffrom yoursite.However,stormwaterfromaneighboringfacilitycan runonandcomminglewithyourownregulateddischarge, possiblyaddingcontaminantsnotfoundatyourfacility.Youare responsibleforanyandallpollutantsdischargedfromyoursite irrespectiveofthepollutantsoriginandwhethertheotherfacility haspermitcoverage.Thisresponsibilityincludesrunon dischargesfromneighboringpropertiesifthisdischarge commingleswithyourownregulateddischarge.Toaccommodate stormwaterrunon,EPArequiresaspartoftheSWPPPsite descriptionthatyoudocumentthelocationsandsourcesofrun on.Aspartofthisdocumentation,ifyoucollectandanalyze samplesoftherunon,youwillneedtoreportallsuchfindingsin yourSWPPP. Attempttosampletheindustrialstormwaterdischargebeforeit mixeswithstormwaterfromnonindustrialareas.
Stormwaterfromindustrialareas commingleswithstormwater dischargesfromnonindustrialareas orareasnotregulatedunderthe MSGPbeforeitreachesthesurface waterbodyorMS4. AdverseWeatherConditions
Therearenumerousstormwater outfallsinonearea.
Hightidesandhighfloworfloodconditionscancausestormwater conveyancestoreachmaximumcapacity,pipestobecomeclogged orsubmerged,andotherunrepresentativeflowsituations.High flowscouldalsobedangerous,soyoushoulduseyourbest professionaljudgmentwhenselectingsamplinglocations.Insome casesyoumayneedtosampleatapointbeforetheintended outfalllocation. Constructanimpoundchannelorjointogetherflowsbybuildinga weirordiggingaditchtocollectdischargeatalowpointfor samplingpurposes.Thisartificialcollectionpointshouldbelined withplastictopreventinfiltrationandtheintroductionof
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Problem Solution sediment.Or,alternatively,sampleatseverallocationsto representtotalsiterunoff. Goupstreamofthedischargeuntilasamplecanbetaken(i.e.,to thenearestmanholeorinspectionpoint).Youmayneedto sampleatseverallocationstobestrepresentrunofffromthis dischargepointifyoucannotaccessanupstreamlocation. Haveasamplingcrewreadywhenstormsareforecastsothatall outfallscanbesampledduringthefirst30minutes.Also, automaticsamplersmaybeusedtocollectsampleswithinthefirst 30minutes,triggeredbytheamountofrainfall,thedepthofflow, flowvolumeortime. Foraccessibilityandsafety,useasamplingpoletocollectsamples fromamanhole.Beforeapersoncanenteramanholetocollecta sample,theymustbetrainedinconfinedspaceentry. Youmustcomplywithmonitoringrequirementsforallapplicable sectorsandSICcodes.
Theoutfallisinaccessible(examples includeunderwaterdischargesor unreachabledischargessuchasa pipedischargingoutofacliff). Afacilityhasmanysampling locationsmakingitdifficulttocollect allofthesamplesduringthefirst30 minutesofdischarge,asrequiredby the2008MSGP. Astormwatersamplelocationis beneathamanhole. Stormwaterfrommorethanone industrytypeiscommingled.
2.3DetermineWhichTypesofMonitoringRequirementsApplyAtEachOutfall
Thenextstepinpreparingformonitoringatyoursiteistodeterminethetypeofmonitoring requirementsthatcorrespondtoeachoutfall.Thetypeofmonitoringrequirementstowhichyouare subjectwilldifferaccordingtoyourpermit.Differentmonitoringrequirementsmayalsoapplyto individualoutfallsonyourpropertybasedonthetypeofindustrialactivitydischargingtothatpoint,and eventhereceivingwatertowhichyouaredischarging.Usingyourpermit,determinethetypeof monitoringrequirementstowhichyourspecificfacilityissubject,anddocumentinyourSWPPPthe specificmonitoringrequirementsthatappliestoeachoutfall,includingthefrequencyofmonitoringand thespecificparametersthatmustbemonitored. Recallthatitisnotnecessarytomonitoranoutfallifitdoesnothaveanyindustrialactivityassociated withit(e.g.,dischargefromanemployeeparkinglotthatdoesnotcomminglewithstormwaterrunoff fromanareaofindustrialactivity)oriftheoutfalldoesnotdraintoasurfacewater(i.e.theoutfall drainstoasanitarysewerorcombinedsewersystem). Thefollowingappliestothetypesofmonitoringrequiredunderthe2008MSGP.Ifyouarenotsubject tothe2008MSGP,consultyourStatepermittodetermineyourmonitoringrequirements. VisualAssessments(Part4.2ofthe2008MSGP)All2008MSGPpermitteesarerequiredto collectsamplesoftheirstormwaterdischargeforvisualinspection.Thefollowingqualitative characteristicsmustbeassessed: color; odor; clarity; floatingsolids; settledsolids; suspendedsolids; foam; oilsheen;and
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IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide Visualassessmentsmustbeconductedatalloutfalls,althoughifseveraloutfallsare substantiallyidenticalthenonlyonevisualassessmentmustbeconductedonthesetof outfalls.Thesamplingfrequencyforvisualassessmentsunderthe2008MSGPisquarterly.The monitoringquartersare:January1March31,April1June30,July1September30,and October1December31. BenchmarkMonitoring(Part6.2.1ofthe2008MSGP)Thistypeofanalyticmonitoringapplies tocertainindustrialsectorsregulatedunderthe2008MSGP.Permitteessubjecttothese requirementsmusttakeperiodicgrabsamplesoftheirstormwaterdischargetocomparethe concentrationsofkeyindicatorpollutantstotheircorrespondingbenchmarkconcentrations. ThebenchmarkvaluesarebasedinlargepartonEPAsaquaticlifewaterqualitycriteriaandare meanttoserveasindicatorsofhowwellafacilitysstormwatercontroleffortsareworking.Ifa particularbenchmarkisexceeded,thisindicatestoapermitteethattheremaybeaproblemat thesite,suchasaspill,exposedpollutantsource,orafaultycontrolmeasure,andtriggersa requiredreviewofthepotentialproblemtodeterminewhatcorrectiveactionsarenecessary. Forexample,atotalsuspendedsolids(TSS)concentrationfoundinabenchmarksampleof greaterthan100mg/L,whichistheapplicablebenchmarkconcentrationforTSS,wouldrequire afacilitytoreevaluateandpotentiallyrevisecontrolmeasuresimplementedtocontroldust, soilerosion,orothersourcesofsuspendedsolids.Notethattheexceedanceofthebenchmark isnotaviolation(becausebenchmarksaretypicallynotenforceablelimits),butthefailureto conductthefollowupinvestigationandapplicablecorrectiveactionswouldbeaviolationofthe permit. otherobviousindicatorsofstormwaterpollution.
BesuretoupdateyourSWPPPandsitemapwheneveryouchangeoraddnewcontrolmeasures. Controlmeasuremaintenanceactivitiesmustbedocumented(preferablyinalog),andsuchrecords mustbekeptwithyourSWPPPandstormwaterfile. Determinewhetheryouaresubjecttoanybenchmarkmonitoringrequirementsbasedonyour particularindustrialsectororsubsector.Thebenchmarkmonitoringrequirementsdifferbased onthesectororsubsectorunderwhichaparticularfacilityfalls.Notethatnotallsectorsare subjecttothistypeofmonitoring.AppendixDinthe2008MSGPprovidestheStandard IndustrialClassification(SIC)codeandactivitycodescategorizedbysectorsandsubsectors.Use AppendixDtolinkyourindustrialactivitieswiththeirassociatedSICcodesectors/subsectors. YourfacilitywillhaveaprimaryindustrialactivityandassociatedSICoractivitycode(whichis themajordeterminantofyourpermitrequirements),and,possibly,additionalsecondary sectors/subsectorswithadditionalrequirementsforwhichyoumustcomply.Next,usingPart 8ofthe2008MSGP,underyourparticularsectororsubsector,determinewhetheryouare subjecttoanybenchmarkmonitoringrequirements,andthecorrespondingbenchmarkthat applies.Considerthefollowingexample:ifyouoperateagoldmine(subsectorG2)youare subjectinPart8.G.8.2tothefollowingbenchmarkmonitoringrequirements:
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Table3.SubsectorG2. Subsector BenchmarkMonitoring (Dischargesmaybesubjectto Parameter CutoffConcentration requirementsformorethanone sector/subsector) SubsectorG2.IronOres;CopperOres; TotalSuspendedSolids(TSS) 100mg/L LeadandZincOres;GoldandSilverOres; Turbidity 50NTU FerroalloyOres,ExceptVanadium;and pH 6.09.0s.u. MiscellaneousMetalOres(SICCodes Hardness(asCaCO3;calc.from nobenchmarkvalue 1011,1021,1031,1041,1044,1061,1081, Ca,Mg)1 1094,1099) TotalAntimony 0.64mg/L (Note:whenanalyzinghardnessfora TotalArsenic 0.15mg/L suiteofmetals,itismorecosteffectiveto TotalBeryllium 0.13mg/L addanalysisofcalciumandmagnesium, TotalCadmium1 HardnessDependent andhavehardnesscalculatedthanto TotalCopper1 HardnessDependent requirehardnessanalysisseparately) TotalIron 1.0mg/L 1 TotalLead HardnessDependent TotalMercury 0.0014mg/L 1 TotalNickel HardnessDependent TotalSelenium 0.005mg/L TotalSilver1 HardnessDependent TotalZinc1 HardnessDependent Basedonthistable,youthenknowthepollutantparameterforwhichyoumustconduct benchmarkmonitoring,andthecorrespondingbenchmarkconcentrationagainstwhichyouwill compareeachindividualgrabsample.Eachsectororsubsectorsubjecttobenchmark monitoringrequirementsincludesasimilartableinPart8ofthe2008MSGP. Afteryouhavedeterminedwhich(ifany)benchmarksamplingrequirementsapply,documentin yourSWPPPwhichoutfallsaresubjecttosuchrequirements,thefrequencyofmonitoring,and theparametersthatmustbeanalyzed.Ifyourfacilityhasmultipleoutfalls,beawarethatthere maybedifferentrequirementsfordifferentoutfallsdependingonthetypeofindustrialactivity conductedinthedrainageareaofeachoutfall.Youareonlyrequiredtoconductbenchmark monitoringforthoseoutfallswithdischargesfromthespecificsectors/subsectorsthatare affectedbysuchrequirements.Whereanoutfallincludesnodischargesfromthosesectorsor subsectorsforwhichbenchmarkmonitoringrequirementsapply,thennobenchmarksamples needtobetakenatthatoutfall. Therequiredbenchmarkmonitoringfrequencyunderthe2008MSGPisquarterly.The monitoringquarters,beginningwiththefirstquarteronApril1,2009are:April1June30,July 1September30,October1December31andJanuary1March31. ExceptionsforInactiveandUnstaffedSites(Part6.2.1.3ofthe2008MSG)Therequirementfor benchmarkmonitoringdoesnotapplytoinactiveandunstaffedfacilities,providingthereareno industrialmaterialsoractivitiesexposedtostormwater.Thisexceptiononlyappliesto benchmarkmonitoringrequirementsandnottotheothertypesofmonitoringdescribedabove.
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IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide Toclaimthisspecialexemption,youmustnoteonthenextquarterlybenchmarkmonitoring reportthatyourfacilityisinactiveandunstaffed,andyoumustkeepaninactiveandunstaffed certificationonsite(seePart4.2.1.3).Therequirementforconductingaquarterlyvisual assessmentalsodoesnotapplyinactiveandunstaffedsites,aslongastherearenoindustrial materialsoractivitiesexposedtostormwater.Ifyouareinvokingtheexceptionforinactiveand unstaffedsites,maintainasignedandcertifiedstatementonsitewithyourSWPPPstatingthat thesiteisinactiveandunstaffed,andthattherearenoindustrialmaterialsoractivitiesexposed tostormwater. HardnessDependentBenchmarks(AppendixJofthe2008MSGP)Thebenchmarkvaluesof somemetalsaredependentonthelevelofhardnessinyourreceivingwaters(see2008MSGP, AppendixJ).Hardnessisacharacteristicofwaterthatresultsfromthepresenceofdissolved salts,especiallycalciumsulfateorbicarbonate,andisusuallyreportedascarbonate, noncarbonateorcalcium+magnesium(Ca+Mg).Ifyouarerequiredtomonitorforahardness dependentpollutant,youmustfirstdeterminethehardnessofyourreceivingwaterbeforeyou canestablishthecorrespondingbenchmarkconcentration. EffluentLimitationsMonitoring(Part6.2.2ofthe2008MSGP)Eightofthe2008MSGPs29 industrialsectorsarerequiredtomonitortodetermineiftheycomplywithEPAdefinedeffluent limitationguidelines.ThesemonitoringrequirementsareincludedinPart8ofthe2008MSGP. Effluentlimitationguidelinesarelegallyenforceablelimitationsthatmustnotbeexceededin stormwaterdischarges. Similartothebenchmarkmonitoringrequirements,samplesonlyneedtobetakenatthose outfallswithdischargesfromthespecificactivitiesthataresubjecttoeffluentlimitation guidelines;otherwisetheserequirementsdonotapply.Asstatedpreviously,permitteessubject tothesemonitoringrequirementsmusttakesamplesatallapplicableoutfalls,andno exceptionsaregivenforsubstantiallyidenticaloutfalls.However,ifyouarerequiredtomonitor apollutantbothforbenchmarkandeffluentlimitationguidelinepurposes,youonlyneedto takeonesampleforbothrequirements.
Whenmonitoringrequirementsoverlap,e.g.,TSSonceperyearforaneffluentlimitandonceperquarterfor benchmarkmonitoring,youmayuseasinglesampletosatisfybothmonitoringrequirements(i.e.,oneofyour fourquarterlybenchmarksampleswouldbeusedforyouryearlyeffluentlimitsample).
Table4identifiestheindustrialactivitiesthataresubjecttoeffluentlimitationguideline monitoringrequirementsandtheassociatedsamplingparameters.Effluentlimitationguideline samplesmustbetakenonceperyear(seePart8ofthe2008MSGPforthenumericalvaluesof eacheffluentlimit). Table4.RequiredMonitoringforEffluentLimitationsGuidelines

RegulatedActivity Dischargesresultingfromspraydownor intentionalwettingoflogsatwetdeckstorage areas Runofffromphosphatefertilizermanufacturing facilities Wherein 2008MSGP Part8.A.7 Part8.C.4 Sector EffluentLimitParameters
A C
debris,pH totalP,fluoride
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RegulatedActivity Runofffromasphaltpavingandroofingemulsion facilities Runofffrommaterialstoragepilesatcement manufacturingfacilities Minedewateringdischargesatcrushedstone, constructionsandandgravel,orindustrialsand miningfacilities Wherein 2008MSGP Part8.D.4 Part8.E.5 Part8.J.9 Sector D E J EffluentLimitParameters totalsuspendedsolids(TSS),oil andgrease,pH TSS,pH TSS,pH biochemicaloxygendemand (BOD5),TSS,ammonia, alphaterpineol,benzoicacid,p cresol,phenol,totalrecoverable zinc,pH,aniline,naphthalene, pyridine,totalrecoverable chromium, biochemicaloxygendemand (BOD5),TSS,ammonia, alphaterpineol,benzoicacid,p cresol,phenol,totalrecoverable zinc,pH TSS,pH
Runofffromhazardouswastelandfills
Part8.K.6
Runofffromnonhazardouswastelandfills
Part8.L.10
Dischargesfromcoalstoragepiles
Part8.O.8
Determinewhetheryouaresubjecttoanyeffluentlimitationguidelinemonitoring requirements.DocumentinyourSWPPPwhichoutfallsaresubjecttosuchrequirements,the frequencyofmonitoring,andtheparametersthatmustbeanalyzed. ImpairedWatersMonitoring(Part6.2.4ofthe2008MSGP)The2008MSGPrequiresfacilities tomonitor,atleastinthefirstyearofpermitcoverage(andyearlythereafterdependingonthe sampleresultsinthefirstyear),forthepresenceofanypollutantcausinganimpairmenttotheir receivingwater.Thisrequirementistriggeredregardlessofwhethertheparticularpollutantis usedorstoredattheindustrialsite;howeverthefacilitymaybeabletodiscontinuemonitoring afterthefirstyearifthepollutantisnotpresentinthesampleandisnotexpectedtobepresent inanydischarge.Inadvanceofconductingthismonitoring,youshouldalreadyhaveagoodidea ofwhetherthepollutantwillbefoundinyourdischarge.WhenyoudevelopedyourSWPPP, youconductedacompleteinventoryofyoursitetodeterminewhatpollutantsorpollutant constituentscouldbedischargedinstormwaterrunoff.SeeSection3.1ofEPAsguide, DevelopingYourStormwaterPollutionPreventionPlan:AGuideforIndustrialOperators, particularlythediscussionaboutconductinganInventoryofMaterialsandPollutants.Using thisinventoryfromyourSWPPP,youwillbeabletodetermineifanymaterialsstoredorusedat yourfacilitycouldcontributetoimpairmentofyourreceivingwater. Thenextsectionofthisguideincludesspecificstepstohelpyoudetermineifyouaresubjectto impairedwatersmonitoringrequirements.Afterfollowingthosesteps,documentinyour SWPPPwhichoutfallsaresubjecttoimpairedwatersmonitoringrequirements,thefrequencyof sampling,andtheparametersthatmustbemonitored. State/TribalMonitoringRequirements(Part6.2.3ofthe2008MSGP)The2008MSGP includesanumberofadditionalmonitoringrequirementsthatareuniquetoindividualStates
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IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide and/orIndianCountrylands.TheserequirementsaresetoutinPart9ofthepermit.These requirementsmayincludeadditionalormorefrequentbenchmarkmonitoringrequirements, alternativebenchmarkthresholds,oradditionalparametersthatmustbemonitoredtoestablish compliancewithapplicablewaterqualitystandards. BasedontheStateorIndianCountrylandinwhichtheyarelocated,each2008MSGPpermittee mustconsulttheapplicablePart9sectiontodeterminewhat,ifany,additionalmonitoring requirementsapply.Ifyouaresubjecttosuchrequirements,youmustdocumentinyour SWPPPwhichoutfallsaresubjecttotheseprovisions,thefrequencyofapplicablesampling,and theparametersthatmustbemonitored AdditionalMonitoringRequiredbyEPAItispossibleEPAmayrequireadditionalmonitoring (see2008MSGPPart6.2.5).YouwillbenotifiedbytheAgencyifadditionalmonitoringis required.
2.4DetermineifYourFacilityisSubjecttoImpairedWatersMonitoringRequirements
Ifyouarerequiredbyyourindustrialstormwaterpermittomonitorforpollutantsthatcause impairmenttoyourreceivingwater,youmustfirstidentifythereceivingwaters(e.g.ditch,creek, intermittentstream,lake,arroyo,etc.)intowhichyourfacilitydischargesstormwaterandmarkthemon yoursitemap.NotethatyouwillhavealreadyidentifiedyourreceivingwatersifyoufiledanNOItobe coveredbythe2008MSGP. A. IdentifyYourReceivingWater(s) Thereareseveralwaystoidentifyyourreceiving Do these monitoring requirements apply waters.Yourreceivingwatermaybealake, to me if I discharge into a dry ditch? stream,river,ocean,wetlandorother Yes, if the ditch eventually conveys the waterbody,andmayormaynotbelocated runoff to a waters of the United States. adjacenttoyourfacility.Yourfacilitymight dischargedirectlyintoitsreceivingwater,orindirectlytothereceivingwaterbydischargingfirst throughanMS4,ditch,orotherconveyance. Ifthedischargefromyourfacilitydoesnotdischargeintoanundergroundstormsewersystem,youcan useyoursitemapandlocaltopographicmapstopinpointtheclosestwaterways.Usingthecontourson thetopographicmapandyourfacilitysoutfalllocations,determinethedirectionstormwaterrunoff flowsfromyourfacility.Onceyouknowthedirectionofflow,youshouldbeabletoidentifythe receivingwatersintowhichyoudischarge.
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SamplesectionofaU.S.G.S.quadranglemap,witharrowsshowingdirectionofflow.
Afteridentifyingwhereyourstormwaterentersawaterbody,identifyanyadditionalinterconnected watersforatleastonelinearmiledownstreamfromtheentrancepointofyourdischarge(incasethere areconcernsaboutimpactstothesedownstreamwaters). Resourcestohelpyouidentifyreceivingwaters: EPAsWaterLocatorTool(availableatwww.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/msgp)allowsyouto locatenearbyreceivingwatersandimpairedwaterbodieswithina10mileradiusofyour facility. EPAsEnviromapper(www.epa.gov/enviro/emef)enablesyoutofindnearbywaterbodiesby enteringyourfacilityszipcode,address,facilitynameoridentificationnumber,EPARegion, watershed,orlatitude/longitudedata.Additionalinformationonthelocationofimpaired waterbodiescanalsobeobtained. Topographicmaps,whichcanbeobtainedfromtheU.S.GeologicalSurvey(USGS)at http://topomaps.usgs.gov/ordering_maps.html,orthrougharetailer. IfyourstormwaterdrainsintoanMS4,youwilllikelyneedtocontacttheoperatorofthesystem(e.g., thelocalpublicworksdepartment,thehighwaydepartment,etc.)toidentifythefirstreceivingwater yourstormwaterisreleasedtoafterenteringtheMS4.SomeMS4shavetheirstormsewer infrastructuremapsavailableonline.
Remember,theMS4intowhichyourfacilitysstormwaterdischargesisNOTyourreceivingwater.Thefirst waterbodythattheMS4dischargestoafterreceivingyourstormwateristhereceivingwaterforyourfacility.
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IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide B. DetermineifYourReceivingWaterisImpairedandWhetheraTMDLHasBeenCompleted Onceyouhaveidentifiedyourreceivingwater(s),youwillneedtofindoutifthewaterbodyisimpaired, and,ifso,whetheratotalmaximumdailyload(TMDL)hasbeenapprovedorestablished. Waterqualityimpairmentstatus.Youneedtodeterminewhetheryourfacilitysreceiving waterislistedbyyourStateasimpairedand/orhasanapprovedorestablishedTotalMaximum DailyLoad(TMDL).EPAsWaterLocatorTool(availableat www.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/msgp)willhelpfindimpairedwaterswithina10mileradius ofyourfacility.AnotherplacetocheckisEPAswebsiteonWaterQualityAssessmentandTMDL information(www.epa.gov/waters/ir)oryoucanalsocontactyourStatewateragency (cfpub2.epa.gov/npdes/contacts.cfm?program_id=6&type=STATE).
Impairedwatersarestreams,rivers,andlakesthatdonotcurrentlymeettheirapplicabledesignatedusesand waterqualitystandards.States,territories,andauthorizedtribesarerequiredundertheCleanWaterActto compilelistsofknownimpairedwaters,called303(d)lists.Stormwaterdischargestoimpairedwatersmay triggeradditionalcontrolmeasuresandmonitoringrequirements.ForfacilitiessubjecttoEPAs2008MSGP,see Part2.2foramoredetaileddiscussionofwaterqualitybasedeffluentlimitationsandconditionsfordischarging toimpairedwaters.
Ifyourreceivingwaterisimpaired,useEPAsWaterLocatorToolorWaterQualityAssessmentand TMDLwebsite,oraStateagencytohelpyoudetermine: Forwhatpollutant(s)isthewaterimpaired?Makeaseparatelistofallpollutantsthathave causedyourwaterbodytobeimpaired. HasanapprovedTMDLbeencompletedforeachofthepollutants?SomeTMDLdocuments includeinformationsuggestingthetypeofmonitoringthatshouldbeconductedtoimprovethe understandingoftheimpairmentortodemonstrateachievementofapplicablewasteload allocations(WLAs). C. DetermineWhatMonitoringRequirementsApply Havingdeterminedthepollutantsthatcausetheimpairment,youshouldnowconsultyourpermitto determinethetypeofmonitoringthatmustbeconducted,thefrequencyofmonitoring,andwhether anyexceptionsapplytocertainpollutants.AsdiscussedinSection2.3above,thismustallbe documentedinyourSWPPPsothatitisclearwhichrequirementsapplytowhichoutfall. The2008MSGPlistsseveralexceptionstoandclarificationsoftherequirementtomonitorforeach impairmentpollutant.InPart6.2.4.1ofthe2008MSGP,thepermitclarifiesthatnomonitoringis requiredwhenawaterbodysbiologicalcommunitiesareimpairedbutnopollutantisspecifiedas causingtheimpairment,orwhenawaterbodysimpairmentisrelatedtohydrologicmodification, impairedhydrology,ortemperature.Thepermitalsoclarifiesthatmonitoringisonlyrequiredfor pollutantsforwhichastandardanalyticalmethodexistsasdefinedin40CFRPart136.Inaddition, certainexceptionsexistthatenablethepermitteetobeexcusedfromsamplingafterthefirstyearifitis foundeitherthat:
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IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide Thepollutantforwhichthewaterbodyisimpairedisnotdetectedabovenaturalbackground levelsinthedischarge,anditisdocumentedthatthepollutantisnotexpectedtobepresent abovenaturalbackgrounddischarges;or Thepollutantforwhichthewaterbodyisimpairedisnotpresentandnotexpectedtobepresent inthedischarge.
Boththeparametersthatmustbesampledandthefrequencyofmonitoringforimpairmentpollutants maybesubjecttoStateorIndianCountrylandspecificrequirements.Therefore,each2008MSGP permitteemustalsoconsultPart9ofthepermitwhendeterminingwhichimpairedwaterssampling requirementsapply.
2.5WhatTypeofStormEventsQualifyforMonitoring
Inadditiontounderstandingwhichmonitoringrequirementsapplyandwhere,itisalsocriticalto developanunderstandingofwhattypeofdischargeeventyouwillbesampling.Underthe2008MSGP, twopreconditionsmustbemetbeforeastormorsnowmelteventisconsideredadequatetobe monitored(seePart6.1.3ofthe2008MSGP). Thestorm/snowmelteventmustcreateanactualdischargefromyoursite(measurablestorm event).Thisstormeventwillvarybasedonnumerousfactorsatyoursite,themostobvious beingtheactualsizeanddurationofthestormevent.However,theamountofimpervious surfaceatyourfacilitywillimpactthisaswell.Ifyourfacilityiscoveredmostlybygrassor anothertypeofvegetationwithonlyasmallamountofpavedsurfacesorroofs,itwilltakea largerstormtocreateadischargefromyoursitethanitwouldatafacilitythatisentirelypaved. Anotherfactoraffectingwhetherandhowfrequentlyyouhaveameasurablestormeventwillbe howfrequentlyrainoccursatyourfacilityandthesizeofthemostrecentstorms.Saturatedsoil willgenerateastormwaterdischargemorequicklythandrysoil;however,VERYdrysoilcanalso becomecompactedandbecomenearlyimpervioustorain,therebyconvertingprecipitationto runoffquicklyaswell.Youwillneedtopayattentiontoyourfacilitysparticularcharacteristics todevelopanunderstandingofwhattypeofraineventsorsnowmeltresultsinadischarge. Atleast72hoursmusthaveelapsedsincethepreviousmeasurablestormevent(unlessyouare abletodocumentthatlessthana72hourintervalisrepresentativeforlocalstormeventsduring thesamplingperiod,orifyouaremonitoringsnowmeltconsistentwithPart4.2.1[quarterly visualassessments]orPart6.2.1[benchmarkmonitoring]ofthe2008MSGP). Inordertoproperlycharacterizeraineventsatyourfacility,itisagoodideatobeginbydocumenting eacheventaspartofyourfacilitysroutinemaintenanceactivities.Youcanpurchaseasimplerain gaugeandkeepanotebookhandyinordertodocumentthedatesonwhichrainoccurredandthe amountofrainthatfell.Youshouldalsoconsiderdocumentingwhetherornotanactualdischargefrom yourfacilityoccurredforeachrainevent.Trackingrainfallamountsanddischargeinformationwillhelp youtobetterpredictwhichstormeventswillbemeasureableandresultinadischarge. Inordertobepreparedtotakeadvantageofstormsthatwillresultinameasurablestormevent: Befamiliarwithlocalprecipitationtrends,stormpatterns,andseasonalvariations.
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IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide InadditiontoyourlocaltelevisionnewsandtheWeatherChannel,youcangetweather informationonlinefromhttp://www.wrh.noaa.gov(NationalWeatherService)and http://www.weather.com. Checkweatherforecastssoyoucanpreparetosampleupcomingprecipitationevents.
Note:Youshouldtrytocollectbothbenchmarksamplesandvisualmonitoringsamplesconcurrentlysoyoucan comparevisualobservationswiththelaboratoryresults,andreduceyourfieldactivitiesburden.
WhatToDoIfYouAreUnableToSampleEPAacknowledgestheremaybetimesyouareunableto completerequiredmonitoring.Thefollowingareguidelinesonhowyoushoulddealwithsuchtimes. AreaswithIntermittentStormwaterRunoffIfyourfacilityexperienceslimitedrainfallfor extendedperiodsoftheyear(i.e.,inaridorsemiaridclimates),orfreezingconditionsthatoften preventrunofffromoccurring,thenthequarterlymonitoringeventsmaybedistributedduring seasonswhendischargingdoesoccur.Ifyouareunabletocollectfoursamplesinoneyear becauseofinsufficientrunoff,documentthisfactinyourSWPPPandcontinuequarterly monitoringuntilyouhavecollectedfoursamples. SnowmeltSamplingIfyouarelocatedwhereappreciablesnowiscommon,oneofyour samplesmustincludethecaptureofsnowmeltdischarge.If,however,youexperience prolongedsubfreezingtemperatures,youmayonlybeabletoacquireasampleonceovertwo quarters.Youwillthenhavetocompletethemonitoringrequirementsasabove. AdverseWeatherConditionsWhenadverseweatherpreventssamplingperyourmonitoring schedule,youmustsampleduringthenextqualifyingstormevent.Adverseconditionsare thosethataredangerousorcreateinaccessibilityforpersonnel,causedbysuchthingsas flooding,highwinds,electricalstormsorsituationsthatotherwisemakesamplingimpractical (e.g.,droughtorextendedfrozenconditions).
2.6SelecttheMonitoringTeam
Identifythemembersofyourfacilityspollutionpreventionteam(whichyouidentifiedinyourSWPPP) whowillcollectsamplesandconductvisualassessmentsofdischarges.Tobeconsideredasamember ofthemonitoringteam,applicablestaffmustbefamiliar Ideally, the pollution prevention withtheSWPPP,especiallythesiteplan,thelayoutofthe team consists of at least one facility,potentialpollutantsources,andthemonitoring individual from each shift so that andreportingprogram.Theyalsoneedtopossessthe a team member is always knowledgeandskillstoassessconditionsandactivities present during normal operating hours. thatcouldimpactstormwaterqualityatyourfacility,and to beabletoevaluatetheeffectivenessofcontrolmeasures. Typically,monitoringstaffarebasednearthesitetoenablethemtobeavailableonshortnoticeto samplestormevents. Itisalsoimportantthatmonitoringstaffunderstandandfollowallqualityassurancequalitycontrol (QAQC)techniquesandprocedurestoensurethatthedataisgood.Youshoulddiscussthese techniqueswithyourlaboratorypriortotakingsamplesandproperlytrainallsamplingstaff.
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2.7SelectaLaboratorytoAnalyzetheSamples
Yourstormwatersampleswillneedtobeanalyzedfortheparametersyouidentifiedinsection2.3bya qualifiedlaboratory.Labsmustusetheapprovedmethodologiesfoundat40CFRPart136andreturna reportwithchemicalconcentrationsincludingdataqualityassuranceinformation. EPArecommendsthatyouselectalaboratorythatisaparticipantintheEPAsDischargeMonitoring ReportQualityAssurance(DMRQA)Program,and,ifpossible,beapprovedbytheNational EnvironmentalLaboratoryAccreditationProgram(NELAP).NOTE:forELGcompliancemonitoring, participationinDMRQAisaminimumrequirement.
Things to discuss with the laboratory What type and size of bottle will be provided for each test? How full do I fill the bottle? Are there any safety concerns with materials provided by the lab? What is the best way to preserve the samples? What kind of labels will be supplied and how should I fill them out? Will the lab deliver the supplies or do I need to pick them up? What are the maximum holding times for each water quality parameter to be sampled? Will the lab provide pH paper? Samples need to be tested for pH within 15 minutes of collection to be valid, typically in the field. Will the lab pick up the samples from my facility or do I need to deliver them? Can you walk me through filling out the chain-of-custody forms? Is the quantitation limit for each parameter less than the benchmark or effluent limitation concentration?* *Thequantitationlimitistheminimumconcentrationofaparameterthatthelabcanaccurately reportusingaparticularmethod.
Toensureyourchosenlaboratoryiseligibleandreliable,youmaywanttorequest documentationshowingtheyarecertifiedtoanalyzeenvironmentalsamples,andevidencethey participateinDMRQAorotherperformanceevaluationtestingresults. AcomprehensivelistofNELAPapprovedlaboratoriescanbefoundatwww.nelac institute.org/accredlabs.php
Youshouldaskthelaboratoryaboutanyadditionalservicesandproductstheyoffer.Suchas: prelabeledbottlesandpreprintedchainofcustodyforms; trainingonsamplecollection,documentationanddatainterpretation; samplingandcourierservices;and completesamplingkitswhichincludebottles,packingmaterials,bottlelabels,coolersandchain ofcustodyforms;manylaboratoriesprovidefreesamplingkits.
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2.8DocumentMonitoringProceduresinYourSWPPP
EnsureyourmonitoringproceduresarecorrectlydocumentedinyourSWPPP(see2008MSGPPart 5.1.5.2).Therequiredinformationincludes: Themonitoringrequirementsthatspecificallyapplytoyourfacility. Informationrelatedtothesubstantiallyidenticaloutfallexception,ifyouwilluseit. Yoursamplingprocedures. Yourproceduresforperformingquarterlyvisualassessmentsofstormwaterdischarges.This SWPPPelementincludestheroutinefacilityinspectionsandcomprehensivesiteinspections requiredbythe2008MSGP(see2008MSGPPart4.1and4.3,respectively). Figure1isanexampleofacompletedMSGPIndustrialStormwater/SnowmeltMonitoringSummary Form.Youshouldfilloutthisform(AppendixA)withthesamplinglocationsandmonitoring requirementsthatapplytoyourfacilityandincludeacopyinyourSWPPP.
Figure1.ExampleMSGPIndustrialStormwater/SnowmeltMonitoringSummaryFormwithmonitoring requirements,samplinglocationsandindustrysectors.
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3.ConductMonitoring
Thissectiondescribessamplingpreparation,choosingtherightstormeventtomonitor,howtocollect stormwatersamples,howtoconductquarterlyvisualassessments,qualitycontrolconsiderations,and howtoreporttheresults.
Theinformationcontainedinthissectionisnotspecifictomonitoringforthe2008MSGPoranyparticular generalindustrialpermit.
3.1WhattoHaveInPlacePriortoCollectingStormwaterSamples
Preparationisessential,especiallyifyouareinaclimatewheremeasureablestormeventsare infrequent. InOfficePreparationsYourinofficepreparationsshouldincludethefollowing: Contactingthelabwellaheadoftimesothatyouhavethesamplebottlesbeforea measurablestormevent. Payingattentiontoweatherforecastssothatyouaretrackingpatternsthatarelikelyto resultinameasurablestormevent. Knowingwhoyourmonitoringpersonnelareandhowtocontactthemwhenameasurable stormeventisexpected. Havingsamplinggearassembledandcheckedforreadiness. Preparingsamplebottlelabelsusingwaterproofinkwiththefollowinginformation(ifnot alreadydonebythelab): Facilitynameandaddress Samplelocationidentifier(e.g.,Outfall001) Nameorinitialsofsamplingpersonnel Parameterandassociatedanalyticalmethod(e.g.,TSS,Method#0160.2;consult withyourcontractlaboratoryforanalyticalmethodnumbers) Sampletype(generallywillbegrabsamples) Samplepreservationnotes Dateandtimeaftercompletingsamplingevent Havingchainofcustodyformsreadyforuse.
Thechainofcustodyformisadocumentthattravelswiththesamplefromcollectionthroughanalysis.Each individualthathandlesthesamplewillplacetheirname,date,andtimeonthechainofcustodyform.Theform isusedtomaintaintheintegrityofthesamplebyprovidingdocumentationofthecontrol,transfer,andanalysis ofsamples(seeSection3.4belowforamoredetaileddiscussionofchainofcustody).
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IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide SamplingSuppliesCollectthefollowingsuppliesandkeepthemreadyforquickuse: o Clean,sterilizedsamplebottles,sizedappropriatelyfor Forrinsingsamplebottles, theparametertobeanalyzed(manylabsprovidethe useonlydistilledwater appropriatebottlesorwilltellyouwhatsizetoget). Glassmustbeusedforoilandgreasesamples;plastic containerscanbeusedforotherparameters.UseTeflonoraluminumlinedcaps. o Ifbottlesarenewbutnotprecleaned,theymustbepreconditionedbeforeuseby fillingwithwaterforseveraldays(thedurationcanbereducedbyusingadilutesolution ofhydrochloricacid). o o o o o o o o Powderfreedisposablenitrileorlatexgloves(soldbymedicalandlaboratorysuppliers ormaybeprovidedbyyourcontractlaboratory).Donotusepowderedglovesasthey maycontaminateyoursamples. Indeliblepens/markersthatcanwriteonwetsurfaces. Foulweathergearincludingfootwearappropriatefortheconditionsatyoursampling locations(e.g.,nonslipboots). Sturdycoolerandiceoricepacksforstowingandpreservingyoursamplesenrouteto thelab(thelabmayprovideanappropriatecontainer). Fieldnotebookorfieldformsforyoursamplingrecords(waterproofnotebooksare availableatofficesupplystores). pHpaperandappropriatechemicalpreservativesforaddingtosamplebottles(obtain fromyourlaboratory). Carryingcaseforsamplingequipmentorbackpackforcarryingequipmenttoremote locations. Handsanitizersolution. Safetyequipment,includingfirstaidkit. Ifneeded,apole(soldatfieldsupplystores)onwhichtoattachsamplebottlesand attachmentclipsorstrappingtapetosecurethebottletothepole. Clipboardandsitespecificmonitoringchecklist. Additionalglassorclearplasticbottlessuitableforvisualassessments. Visualmonitoringforms(seeexampleinAppendixB).
o o o o o
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Preparingsamplingsupplies. Optionalorasneededsupplies: o Sodiumbicarbonate(forsafetyreasonsifusingacidpreservativeadditives)
o o o o o Recordingevidenceofpotentialpollutantsorsamplingconditions. Especiallyusefulifdifferentpeoplewilldothesamplingthroughoutthe permitterm. Picturesofsampleappearancealongwiththevisualinspectionrecordscan helpnormalizevisualassessments. Picturesofthesamplinglocationcanhelpyoufindthesamespotfor subsequentsamplingevents. Camera,usedfor: Flaggingtapeformarkingaccesstoremoteorovergrownlocations Flashlightincaseofsuddenlossoflightordarknessunderstormconditions Mosquitorepellent Agraduatedsticktomeasurewaterdepthfordeterminingsafe/wadeablesampling accesslocations(ifasamplingpolewillbeused,youcanmodifyitwithdepthmarkings)
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Developastormwatersamplingchecklisttoensureconsistencyandcontinuityacrosssamplingevents.Since stormwatersamplingisnotaregularpartofafacilitysworkload,achecklistofthingstohaveprepared beforesampling,samplingactivities,andsamplinglocationswillhelpyourememberfromquarterto quarter.Youcanmakethechecklistbynotingthethingsyoudidforthefirstsamplingeventtoremember forfuturesamplingevents.Keepthechecklistupdatedasyougainexperiencewithsampling.
3.2CollectStormwaterSamples
Contactthelabpriortocollectingstormwatersamplessotheyknowtoexpectthesamplesandhave adequatestaffavailabletoconducttheanalyseswithintheapplicableholdingtimes(thelabmayoffer courierservice).Informthemofthepollutantparametersforwhichyoursampleswillbeanalyzed.
Astormwatergrabsampleiscollecteddirectlyintothesamplecontainer.
Followtheprotocolbelowtoobtainanaccurategrabormanualsample.Agrabsampleisasingle samplegrabbedbyfillingupacontainer,eitherbyhandorattachedtoapole.Obtainingaccurate dataisvitaltoyourabilitytoassesshowyourstormwatercontrolmeasuresareperforming. Weardisposablepowderfreeglovesforsampling;nevertouchtheinsideofthelidorbottle. Foroilandgrease:filltheglasssamplebottledirectlyfrom Remember,oilandgrease thedischarge;nevercollectinacontainerfirstandthen mustbecollecteddirectlyinto transfertothesamplebottlebecauseoilyresiduewillcollect theglasssamplebottle. alongtheinsideofthefirstcollectionbottleandmakethe sampleinaccurate.
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Ifyouhaveproblemsaccessingthestormwaterdischargepoint(e.g.,accessistoofaror dangerous),useapoleorotherappropriatesamplingapparatus. Sampleonlystormwaterdischargingfromyourfacility(i.e.,donotsamplefrompuddles,ponds orretentionbasins). Samplefromaturbulentsectioninthecentralpartoftheflow;avoidtouchingthebottomor sidesofthestormwaterconveyance. Fillthesamplebottlenearlytothetop(meniscusalmostattherim)byholdingtheopeninginto theflowofwater;donotrinseoroverfillthebottles.
Samplebottleslabeledwithlocation,date,time,samplecollector,analysis,and preservativetype.
Whilestormwatersamplesaretypicallygrabsamples,insomesituationstheuseofanautomatic samplermaybeappropriate.Automaticsamplersaremechanicaldevicesthatmonitorsiteconditions andcollectasamplewhenneeded.Theautomaticsamplercanbesetupwellinadvanceofastorm,or setupasapermanentinstallation,andthetechniciancanretrievethesampleafterthestormwhen conditionsarefavorable.Advantagesofautomaticsamplersincludelowlaborcosts,convenience,and safetypersonnelarenotoutinthestormtryingtocollectoneormoresamples.Themajor disadvantageiscost;automaticsamplersareexpensive.Secondarily,theautomaticsamplercannot collectvisualobservations,andtheycannotbeusedforcollectionofcertainmeasurements. Afterthesampleshavebeencollected: Placethesamplesinasturdycoolerpartiallyfilledwithice.Asageneralrule,samplesshouldbe keptatapproximately39F(4C)untilthecoolerisdeliveredtothelab. pHhasa15minute Putacompletedchainofcustodyformenclosedinare holdingtime;therefore, sealableplasticbaginsidethecooler.Ifyouhaveseveral
thesamplemustbe analyzedwithin15 minutesofcollection.
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IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide coolerscompleteaseparatechainofcustodyformforeachcooler.
Deliverthesamplestothelab(e.g.drive,arrangesamedaypickupbythelab,oruseanexpress /overnightservice)assoonaspossible,bearinginmindtheholdingtimesforeachparameter sampled.
Stormwatersamplespackedfordeliverytothelab,notethechainofcustodyforms attachedtothelid.
3.3RecordInformationforEachMonitoringEvent
Foreachindividualsamplecollected,youshouldnotethefollowinginformation: Thesample/outfallidentifier. Thedurationbetweenthestormeventyousampledandtheendofthepreviousstormevent thatresultedinadischargeofstormwaterfromyoursite(i.e.,ameasurablestormevent). Thedateanddurationofthestormeventsampled. Rainfallmeasurementorestimate(ininches). Estimateofthetotalvolumeofthedischargesampledfromtheoutfall. YoushouldrecordthisinformationonaStormwaterCollectionForm(seeappendixCforanexample).
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3.4QualityAssuranceConsiderations
Thefollowingactionsmustbefollowedexplicitly.Qualityassurance(QA)helpsmaintaintheaccuracy andintegrity/legaldefensibilityofyourmonitoringresultsbydocumentingthestewardshipofyour samples,byminimizingbiasesinsamplingandlabprocedures,andbyhelpingtoassesstheaccuracyand precisionofthelabsanalyses. HoldingTimesandSamplePreservation Samplesthatcannotbedeliveredtothelabonthesamedaymayneedtobepreserved,oftenby coolingto4C(i.e.,inanicebath)and/orwithaddedchemicalpreservatives(laboratorysupplied bottlesmayalreadyincludepreservatives).Ifyoursamplesneedtobeanalyzedformorethanone parameteryoumayneedtobottlemorethanonesampleatanoutfallusingdifferentpreservatives.In addition,youshouldbeawareofthemaximumholdingtimeallowedforaparticularparameterbefore whichthesamplemustbeanalyzed.Followingisatablewithtypicalpreservationandholding requirementsforbenchmarkparametersandadditionalpotentialpollutantsofconcern(thelatterwill nothaveanumericvalueinparentheses).Workwithyourlaboratoryserviceproviderstodevelopalist ofcontainerstooptimizesharingofcontainersacrossdifferentparameters.Notalllaboratories providethesamecontainertypesforthedifferentparameters.Laboratoriesfrequentlyprovidepre completedcustodyrecordsandseals,andwillprovideprelabeledsamplebottlesforeaseofuseinthe fieldaspartoftheirroutinevalueaddedservices.Precompletedcustodyrecordsandlabelsrequire onlytime,date,andsamplersinitialsinordertocompletethiscriticaldocumentation.Yourlaboratory mayalsohaveadditionalsampling,samplehandling,orshippinginstructionshelpfultoyoursample collectionpersonnel.NOTE:Wheneverpossible,minimizetheamountofleadtimesamplecontainers/ kitsareoutsideofthelaboratory.Extendedstorageofprepreservedcontainersforsomeanalytesmay presentopportunityforblankcontamination,evenunderidealstorageconditions. Table5.SamplePreservationandHoldTimes
Parameter (BenchmarkLevel,mg/l orasspecified)
Aluminum,TotalRecoverable (0.75) Ammonia (2.14) Antimony,TotalRecoverable (0.64) Arsenic,TotalRecoverable (0.15) Beryllium,TotalRecoverable (0.13) BiologicalOxygenDemand, BOD5 (30) Cadmium,TotalRecoverable (0.00050.0053)* ChemicalOxygenDemand, COD (120.0) Chromium (0.583.82)*
Coolto4 C?
N Y N N N Y
Preservation Additional
HNO3(nitricacid)topH<2 H2SO4(sulfuricacid)topH<2 HNO3topH<2 HNO3topH<2 HNO3topH<2 None
Maximum HoldingTime
6months 28days 6months 6months 6months 48hours
Sample Container
500mLHDPE 500mLHDPE 500mLHDPE 500mLHDPE 500mLHDPE 1LHDPEorglass
N Y
HNO3topH<2 H2SO4topH<2
6months 28days
500mLHDPE 100mLHDPEor glass 500mLHDPE
HNO3topH<2
6months
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Copper,TotalRecoverable (0.00380.0332)* Cyanide,Total (0.022) Fluoride Hardness(asCaCO3) Iron,TotalRecoverable (1.0) Lead,TotalRecoverable (0.0140.262)* Magnesium,TotalRecoverable (0.064) Mercury,TotalRecoverable (0.0014) Nickel,TotalRecoverable (0.151.02)* Nitrate+NitriteNitrogen (0.68) OilandGrease pH (6.09.0s.u.) Phenols,TotalRecoverable Phosphorous,Total (2.0) Radium,TotalRecoverable Radium,dissolved
Coolto4 C?
N Y N N N N N Y Y N Y Y
HNO3topH<2 NaOH(sodiumhydroxide)to pH>12,refrigerateindark None HNO3orH2SO4topH<2 (methoddependent) HNO3topH<2 HNO3topH<2 HNO3topH<2 HNO3topH<2 HNO3topH<2 H2SO4topH<2 HClorH2SO4topH<2 None H2SO4topH<2 H2SO4topH<2 HNO3topH<2 FieldfilteredHNO3topH<2;if notfieldfilterednone
Maximum HoldingTime
6months 14days;24hoursif sulfidepresent 28days 6months 6months 6months 6months 28days 6months 28days 28days 15min(Fieldtest) 28days 28days 6months Fieldfiltered, preserved6months; ifnotfieldfiltered, filteronreceipt, preservetopH<26 months 6months 6months 7days 48hrs 6months 6months
Sample Container
500mLHDPE 1LHDPE 100mLHDPE 100mLHDPE 500mLHDPE 500mLHDPE 500mLHDPE 500mLHDPE 500mLHDPE 200mLHDPE 1LBostonround glass 50mL 500mLHDPE 500mLHDPE 1LHDPE 1LHDPE
Selenium,TotalRecoverable (0.005) Silver,TotalRecoverable (0.00070.0183)* TotalSuspendedSolids,TSS (100) Turbidity (50NTU) Uranium Zinc,TotalRecoverable (0.040.26)*
N N Y Y N
HNO3topH<2 HNO3topH<2 None storeinthedark HNO3topH<2 HNO3topH<2
500mLHDPE 500mLHDPE 200mLHDPE 100mLHDPE 500mLHDPE 500mLHDPE
LandfillParameters
AlphaTerpineol Aniline BenzoicAcid Napthalene Y Y Y Y NA NA NA NA 7daystoextraction 40daystoanalysis 7daystoextraction 40daystoanalysis 7daystoextraction 40daystoanalysis 7daystoextraction 1LAmberglass 1LAmberglass 1LAmberglass 1LAmberglass
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pCresol Pyridine
Coolto4 C?
Y Y
Maximum HoldingTime
40daystoanalysis 7daystoextraction 40daystoanalysis 7daystoextraction 40daystoanalysis
Sample Container
1LAmberglass 1LAmberglass
NA NA
*Thesevaluesarehardnessdependent.
FieldBlanks Fieldblanksaredistilledordeionizedwatersamplespreparedwhenyouarecollectingstormwater samples.Fieldblanksareprepared,inthefield,aftercleaningthesamplingequipmentbutbefore collectionofwaterqualitysamples.Blanksarepreparedbypouringdistilleddeionizedwaterintoeach scoop,dipper,etc.usedforsamplecollectionandthenintosamplebottlesasiftheywereactualfield samples.Thefieldblanksareprocessedandanalyzedinanidenticalmannerasthestormwater samples.Ifthelabdetectsanycontaminationintheblanks,yoursamplingresultscouldbeconsidered tainted(eitherfromcontaminationorerrorsinsamplingoranalysis).Collectionandanalysisoffield blanksisnotrequiredbythe2008MSGP;however,fieldblanksareusedforqualitycontroltoassess whethercontaminationwasintroducedduringsampling,andmayproveusefulininterpretationof results. ChainofCustodyFormsandProcedures Samplesmustbetraceablefromthepointofcollectionuntilthesamplingresultsarereported.Todo this,documentwhoisinpossessionofthesamplesusingthechainofcustodyproceduresbelow.One personshouldberesponsibleforthecareandcustodyofthesamples,andforgeneratingthechainof custodyrecorduntilthesamplesareproperlytransferredorrelinquishedtothelaboratory.Chainof custodytasksinclude: Ensurethatthesamplelabelsareproperlyfilledin. Completethechainofcustodyformwiththedate,time,parameterandsamplelocationsfor eachsample,andsigntheform. Duringthetransferofcustodyofthesamples,boththepersonsrelinquishingandreceivingthe cooler(includinglabpersonnel)mustrecordthedateandtimeonthechainofcustodyformand signit. Recordtheshippingmethod,couriername(s),andotherpertinentinformationasremarkson thechainofcustodyform. Theoriginalchainofcustodyformremainswiththesamplesandacopymustbeprovidedtothe facilityforinclusioninprojectrecords. Chainofcustodyrecordsarecriticaltoensurethatnotamperingoccursbetweensamplecollectionand analysis.Youranalyticalserviceprovidermayprovidetrainingorwritteninstructionstoassistinyour completionofaccuratecustodyrecords.Thisisanotherkeyareawheremanylaboratoriesinvitethe opportunitytoworkwiththeirclientsaspartoftheirvalueaddedservices.
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3.5ConductingVisualAssessmentsofStormwaterDischarges
Allfacilitiescoveredbythe2008MSGPmustperformquarterlyvisualassessments,irrespectiveofbenchmark monitoring.
Visuallyinspectingstormwatersamplesfromameasurabledischargeatyoursamplingoutfallsisan inexpensivewayofassessingtheperformanceofyourcontrolmeasures.Thesampleshouldbe collectedandanalyzedinacolorlessglassorplasticbottle.Itisrecommendedthatyoutake photographsofthedischargesatthetimeofobservationincasemorethanonepersonisdoingthe assessmentsandbecausephotoscanbehelpfulindeterminingtheeffectivenessofyourcontrol measuresandanyneedtomakechangestocontrolmeasures. Assessthegeneralappearance,asanindicatorofcontaminants,ofyourdischargesforthese characteristics: ColorIfthedischargehasanunusualcolor,suchasreddish,brown,oryellowhue,thismay indicatepollutantsorsuspendedsediment. OdorIfthedischargehasanoticeableodor,forinstanceifitsmellslikegasolinefumes,rotten eggs,rawsewage,orsolventsodor,orhasasoursmell,thiscouldbeindicativeofpollutantsin thedischarge. ClarityIfthedischargeisnotclear,butisinsteadcloudyoropaque,thiscouldindicate elevatedlevelsofpollutantsinthedischarge. FloatingsolidsIfyouobservematerialsfloatingatornearthetopofthebottle,takenoteof whatthematerialsappeartobe. SettledsolidsYoushouldwaitaboutahalfhouraftercollection,thennotethetypeandsizeof materialsthataresettledatthebottomofthebottle. SuspendedsolidsParticlessuspendedinthewaterwillaffectitsclarity,andcolorandcouldbe attributabletopollutantsourcesatyourfacility. OilsheenYoushouldcheckthesurfaceofthewaterforarainbowcolororsheen;thiswould indicatethepresenceofoilorotherhydrocarbonsinthedischarge. FoamYoushouldgentlyshakethebottleandnotewhetherthereisanyfoam. Otherobviousindicatorsofstormwaterpollution. TorecordyourvisualmonitoringresultsyoucanusetheoptionalQuarterlyVisualMonitoringFormin AppendixB(oracomparableoneofyourown).
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4.EvaluateMonitoringResults
Theprimarypurposeofanyindustrialstormwatermonitoringprogram,consistingofanalyticchemical monitoringandvisualassessments,istoprovidefeedbackontheperformanceofyourselectionand implementationofcontrolmeasures.Visualevidenceofpollutioninastormwatersample,aspikeinthe concentrationofabenchmarkpollutant,ortheexceedanceofanumericeffluentlimitationprovidesan indicatorthatmodificationsoradditionstothesitescontrolmeasuresneedtobeconsideredto improvetheeffectivenessofyourstormwaterprogram. Thefollowingwillaidyouininterpretingyourmonitoringresultsandrevisingyourcontrolmeasures,if necessary.
4.1EvaluatingQuarterlyVisualAssessmentResults
Foranythingbutcolorlessandodorlessstormwaterinyourdischarge,youshouldinvestigatewhatarea ofyoursiteorwhatspecificpollutantsourcesarecontributingtothecontaminationofyoursites runoff.Tosearchforthesourceofpollutants,youshouldmoveupstreamfromthedischargepoint.You shouldscrutinizeyourexposedindustrialmaterialsandactivities(materialhandlingequipment, industrialmachinery,rawmaterials,finishedproduct,wastes,orproductsthatarestored,usedor createdonsite,etc.).Examinewherematerial handlingactivitiesoccur,suchas:storage, loadingandunloading,andmaterial transporting.Beaware,thesourcecouldbe fromanongoingactivityortheresultofaspillor otherinfrequentoccurrence.Inlookingatyour samples,considerthefollowing: Whenthereisadistinctcolororodor, aretheabnormalitiesassociatedwith anyrawmaterials,chemicalsorother materialsusedatthesite? Muddinessorsedimentmayhavebeen pickedupfromareaswherethereisdisturbedearthorotherunpavedareaslackingadequate controlmeasures. Foamoroilsheenmaybetheresultofaleakorspillofmaterials. Cloudinessindicatessuspendedsolidssuchasdust,ash,powderedchemicals,andgroundup materials.Determinewhetheryouuseanyofthesematerialsandwhethertheyareexposedto stormwater. Cleanupallsourcesofpotentialcontamination,makechangestoyourcontrolmeasures,andupdate yourSWPPP,asnecessary.
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4.2EvaluatingBenchmarkMonitoringResults
Theanalysisofyourbenchmarkmonitoringresultscanyieldvaluableinformationaboutthe characteristicsofyourrunoffandhowwellyourcontrolmeasuresareworking.Onceyouhavereceived yourlabresultsforyourbenchmarksamples,comparetheseconcentrationstothebenchmarkvalues thatapplytoyourfacility.The2008MSGPrequiresthatyouconductfourbenchmarksamplesinyour firstyear,andthencomparetheaveragevaluetotheapplicablebenchmark.Iftheaverage concentrationofyoursamplesexceedsthebenchmark,thenyouarerequiredunderthepermitto evaluatewhetherchangestoyourcontrolmeasuresarenecessary.SeeParts6.2.1.2and3.2.However, priortothecompletionofthefoursamples,ifoneormoresampleresultsmakesanexceedanceofthe benchmarkmathematicallycertain,youarerequiredtoconductthisevaluationwithoutwaitingforthe resultsoftheremainingbenchmarksamples. Table6willhelpyoudecideacourseofactiondependingontheresultsofyourbenchmarksamples. Table6.EvaluationofBenchmarkMonitoringResults
Doestheaverageofyourfourquarterlybenchmarksamplesforanypollutantexceedtheapplicable benchmarkconcentration?OR Ifyouhavenotyetcompletedyourfourquarterlybenchmarksamples,doesthetotalvalueofyoursamples alreadymakeanexceedanceofthebenchmarkmathematicallycertain(e.g.,thesumoftheconcentrationof yoursamplesexceedsfourtimes(4X)thebenchmarkconcentration)?

YES Youmustevaluatewhethermodificationstothe stormwatercontrolmeasuresusedatyoursiteare necessary.Youwillneedtoconsiderwhetherthereisa problemintheselection,design,installation,and/or operationofapplicablecontrolmeasures.Followthe evaluationandcorrectiveactionprocessinParts3.2, 3.3,and3.4. Anexceedanceofabenchmarkdoesnotnecessarily meanthatyourcontrolmeasuresareinsufficient. Continuereadingbelowforadditionalitemstoconsider asyouproceed.
NO Sampleresultsbelowbenchmarklimitsprovidean indicationthatyourcontrolmeasuresareworkingas intendedtominimizethedischargeofpollutants. Althoughyoursamplesindicateproperlyfunctioning controlmeasures,youshouldcontinuetonote changestoyoursitethatmayaffectthequalityof stormwaterrunoff,andtolinksuchchangestoyour futuremonitoringresults. Youarestillrequiredtomeetallrequirementsinthe permitaffectingtheimplementationand maintenanceofyourcontrolmeasures,despitethe goodresultsofyourbenchmarkmonitoring.
Ifbenchmarkswereexceeded: Didyousamplecorrectly? Didyoustartwithcleansamplecollectionjarsandwerethesamplespreservedand submittedtothelabwithintheallottedtimeframe? Didyouproperlysamplethedischargeflowingfromthesiteordidyoucollectthesample fromalowspotorstagnantpool?
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Wasanythingatypicalgoingonatthesitepriortoorduringthestorm?Atypicalactivitiescould include:

Aleakorspillthatwasnotadequatelycleanedup. Construction,paintingandpavingactivities. Havingalargeamountofmaterial(rawmaterials,wastesorproducts)recentlydeliveredor beingpreparedforshipment.
Didyouobserveanythingduringvisualinspectionsthatmayhaveindicatedthatstormwater runoffwouldhavebeenexposedtopollutants?Ifso,arecontrolmeasuresinplacetoaddress thepollutantsources?
Themorethebenchmarkwasexceeded,thegreateryourfacilitysproblemsmaybe,necessitatinga morerobustresponse.Forexample,ifyourresultsforTSSwereoverthebenchmarkvaluebya relativelysmallamount(e.g.,TSSvaluesof110to150mg/L,comparedtothe100mg/lbenchmarklevel assignedtoTSS),thensimplyperformingadditionalhousekeepingmeasures(e.g.,frequentsweeping) mayreducethevaluesbelowthebenchmarkof100mg/lbythenextstorm.However,anexceedance above150mg/lmaywarrantneworsupplementarycontrolmeasures(assumingyourcontrolmeasures areperformingasdesigned)thatmoreeffectivelyreducethepotentialforsedimentindischarges(e.g., installingstorminletfilters,seeding/stabilizingdisturbedareas,implementingdustanddebris controllingprocedures).TSSvaluesexceedingbenchmarksbyordersofmagnitudeindicateaserious problem,andmayrequirestructuralcontrolmeasures(e.g.,paving,installingbermsaroundpilesof loosematerial,placingoperationsundercover,placinggrassyswalesorbasinsinthedischargeflow pathtotrapsediment). Untilyourvisualobservationsandsamplingresultsshowthatpollutantsarenotfoundinyour dischargesorarepresentinconcentrationsbelowbenchmarkvalues,thepollutionpreventionteam shouldengageinaniterativeprocessinwhichcontrolmeasuresareselected,implemented,evaluated andmodifieduntildeterminedtobecompletelyeffective.
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Theremaybecircumstanceswherebenchmarkvaluescannotbereasonablyachievedbecauseoflocalnatural backgroundconcentrations(see2008MSGPPart6.2.1.2).Insuchcases,EPAallowsforbenchmarkexceedances. Forexample,highnaturalbackgroundlevelsofironinsoilsorgroundwatercouldcauseexceedancesofa benchmarkvalue.Thisprovisionexemptsfacilitiesfromfurthercontrolmeasureevaluationandbenchmark monitoringwhennaturalbackgroundlevelsaresolelyresponsiblefortheexceedanceofabenchmarkvalue. Tomakethisdetermination,naturalbackgroundpollutantconcentrationsmustbegreaterthanthe correspondingbenchmarkvalue,andthereisnonetfacilitycontributionofthepollutant(i.e.,average concentrationdetectedinrunofffromallmonitoredoutfallsoverfourseparateeventsminustheaverage naturalconcentrationoftheparameterforfourseparateeventsdoesnotexceedzero). Forexample,ifthenaturalbackgroundconcentrationofTSSfromanundisturbedwatershedis200mg/L,an exemptionfromfurtherbenchmarkmonitoring/controlmeasureevaluationisavailableiftheaverageofyour fourbenchmarksamplesisequaltoorlowerthan200mg/L.Thereareadditionalrequisitesforclaiminga naturalbackgroundlevelexemption,includingdocumentation.Detailsofthesearecontainedinthe2008MSGP inPart6.2.1.2andtheFactSheet.
4.3EffluentLimitationGuidelineMonitoringResults
Whathappensifyourfacilityissubjecttonumericeffluentlimits(forELGcompliancemonitoring)and yourstormwatersampleexceedstheeffluentlimitsforoneormoreparameters?Within24hoursof receivingthelabreportyoumustprepareacorrectiveactionreport,including: Identificationoftheconditiontriggeringtheneedforcorrectiveactionreview; Descriptionoftheproblemidentified;and Datetheproblemwasidentified. Within14daysofreceivingthelabreport,youmustdocumentthefollowinginformation: Summaryofcorrectiveaction(s)takenortobetaken; Noticeofwhetheranymodificationstoyourcontrolmeasuresandanyrelatedchangestoyour SWPPParenecessaryasaresultofthisdiscoveryorcorrectiveaction; Datecorrectiveactioninitiated;and Datecorrectiveactioncompletedorexpectedtobecompleted. YoumustsubmitthesereportswithyourannualreportandretainacopyonsitewithyourSWPPP The2008MSGPrequiresthatyouconductfollowupmonitoringwithin30calendardaysof implementingcorrectiveactions(orduringthenextqualifyingrunoffevent,shouldnoneoccurwithin30 days,seePart3ofthe2008MSGP).Monitoringmustbeperformedforanypollutant(s)thatexceeded theeffluentlimit.Iftheresultsfromthefollowupmonitoringexceedtheeffluentlimit(s),youare requiredtosubmitanExceedanceReporttoEPAnolaterthan30afterreceiptofyourlabresults.The exceedancereportmustinclude: NPDESpermittrackingnumber; Facilityname,physicaladdress,andlocation; Nameofreceivingwater; Monitoringdatafromthisandtheprecedingmonitoringevent(s)
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Anexplanationofthesituation;whatyouhavedoneandintendtodo(shouldyourcorrective actionsnotyetbecomplete)tocorrecttheviolation;and Anappropriatecontactnameandphonenumber.
InadditiontopreparingtheExceedanceReport,youmustcontinuetomonitor,atleastquarterly,until yourstormwaterdischargeisincompliancewiththeeffluentlimitsoruntilEPAwaivestherequirement foradditionalmonitoring.
4.4SpecificPollutantsandControlMeasureOptions
Allfacilitiesneedtogeartheircontrolmeasurestowardtheirspecificpollutantsofconcern,as determinedbythematerialsandactivitiesonsite.Belowisabriefdiscussionofsomeofthemost commonpollutantsandcontrolmeasureoptions. TotalSuspendedSolids(TSS). Smallsedimentparticlesare easilysuspendedandcarriedby surfacewaterflows.These particlesmaybeblownontothe sitefromunpavedareaswithin oradjacenttoyourfacilityas wellasbeingtrackedinonthe tiresofvehicles.Excess particlesmaybeselfgenerated, particularlyintheconcrete, asphalt,scraprecycling, automobilesalvage,andmining sectors.Seethediscussion aboveforcontrolmeasure optionsforcontrollingTSS. OilandGrease.Often,oilandgreasemaybeobservedasafilm,sheenordiscolorationonthe topofadischargeorreceivingwater.Butsuchasurfaceanomalymaynotbeobvious,inwhich casedetectionbyalabwouldbetheonlyway.Thiscouldbeapollutantofconcernforany facility,especiallyifthereareexposedvehiclesorequipment.Therefore,itisvitalthatdue diligenceregardingreportablequantity(RQ)spillsorleaksbeobserved.Basically,anRQforoil isanyquantityofoilthatcausesafilm,sheenordiscolorationonareceivingwatersurface(and forwhichthereareseparatereportingrequirementstoregulatoryagencies).Ifdetectedyou mustfindthesourceandmitigateit.Startwiththevehicle/equipmentmaintenanceand storageareasorwhereshipping/receivingandthelikearedone.Abovegroundstoragetanks andwastestorageareotherlikelysources. Availablecontrolmeasuresrangefromregularlymonitoringtheseareasandapplyingan absorbentmaterial(chooseabiobasedabsorbentlikeNaturesBroom,notaclaybased material)assoonasanoilleakorspillisobserved.Considercoverageofandsecondary containmentforstorageareaswhereoilorgreasearestored,transferredordisposedof.Anoil waterseparatordownstreamofthearea(s)mostlikelytocontainoilorgreasecouldprovide enoughtreatmenttoreduceoilandgreasetoacceptablelevelsinthedischarge.
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pH.pHvaluesbelowbenchmarkrange indicatethatacidicsubstancesare exposedtostormwater.Inthiscaseyou needtodeterminewhetheranyofyour industrialprocessesuseacidsandifso, where.Doesyourfacilitydoplating,or areleadacidbatteriesusedorstored onsite?Ifacidsarebeingusedtoclean parts,forexample,wherearetheparts storedafterbeingtreatedwiththeacid? Wherearewasteacidsstoredandhow aretheydisposed?Whichoperations couldexposeacidstostormwater?Coal pilesarealsoasourceofacidified runoff. HighpHvaluesindicatethatabaseoralkalinematerial(suchaslye)isexposedtostormwater. CementandsomecleanserscanproducehighpHvalues.
ControlmeasuresapplicabletocontrollingpHincludehousekeeping(sweepingandcleaning areaswherematerialsthataffectpHcouldbeexposedtostormwater);overheadcoverageand disposalofwastematerialsincoveredreceptacles.LoworhighpHrunoffcanbecollectedand neutralizedbyaddinganappropriateagenttoneutralizepHvaluestothe6.09.0range. Alternatively,flowcanbedirectedtocomeincontactwithaneutralizingsubstance(e.g.,acidic coalpilerunoffdirectedtoflowthroughalimestonechannel).
ChemicalOxygenDemand(COD).CODistheamountofdissolvedoxygeninwaterconsumedby thechemicalbreakdownoforganicandinorganicmatter(i.e.,CODisnotaspecificcomponentin thedischarge).Therefore,ahighCODvalueindicateselevatedquantitiesofpollutantsinrunoff, especiallycarbon.ExamplesoffacilitiesthathandlematerialswhichcouldcausehighCODlevels includethewoodandpaperproductindustries.ControlmeasuresapplicabletocontrollingCOD levelsarethebasicstormwaterones:goodhousekeepingandcoveringmaterialswiththe potentialtoallowcarbonorotherorganicmaterialstobecarriedbystormwater. Metals.Metalsoriginatefrommanysourcesandconsequentlyanumberofindustriesmust monitorformetals,includingfacilitiessuchaswoodpreservativeandagriculturalchemical makers,mines,andfoundries.Dependingonafacilitysactivities,metalscanbefoundina dissolvedformand/oradsorbedtoparticlesorsediment.Itisbecauseboththedissolvedand particulateformscanoccuratthesametimeiswhystormwaterdischargesareanalyzedfor totalrecoverablemetals.Afteridentifyingthoseoperationsthatcouldexposestormwaterto metalssources,implementcontrolmeasurescapableofreducingmetalsconcentrations, includinggoodhousekeeping(sweepinganddisposingofmetalwastesincoveredcontainers), covering/shieldingoperations,anddirectingrunonawayfromanycriticaloutdoorareas.Ion exchangetechniquescanalsobeemployedtoremovedissolvedmetals.
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5.RecordKeepingandReporting
Itisimportantthataccuraterecordkeepingofmonitoringactivitiesbecomeastandardoperating procedureatyourfacility.Youneedtobeabletoshowthatmonitoringandsamplingeventsnotonly meetallpermitrequirements,butaredefensibleandabidebyallQA/QCprocedures.Itisalways preferabletodocumenttoomuchasopposedtotoolittlewhendealingwithanysortofpermit compliance.Createeasytouselogbooksforkeepingtrackofrainevents.Besurethatyoursitemapis uptodateandeasytounderstand.Developsimpleinstructionsheetsforrecordingsampling,visual assessments,orothermonitoringactivities.Theinstructionsshouldbekeptinlogicallocations(e.g.in samplekits,intheSWPPPnotebook)andupdatedasneeded. Whenpossible,usestandardizedformssuchasthoseprovidedintheappendicesofthismonitoring guidetorecordyourmonitoringactivities.Thiswillprovideconsistencyininformationreported. ExampleformsareprovidedinthisguideinAppendixA(2008MSGPIndustrialStormwaterMonitoring Form),AppendixB(2008MSGPVisualMonitoringForm),andAppendixC(2008MSGPIndustrial StormwaterCollectionForm). Ifpossible,regularlytransfersamplingrecordsandsampleresultsintodatabasesorspreadsheets.This willprovidebackuprecordsforhardcopylogsorformsaswellasprovidinganeasywaytoanalyzeyour samplingdata.
5.1ReportingMonitoringData
Eachstateindustrialstormwaterpermithasdifferentrequirementsforhowmonitoringdatashouldbe reported.FacilitiessubjecttoEPAs2008MSGPmustsubmittoEPAallmonitoringdatacollectedno laterthan30daysafterreceivingcompletelabresultsforallmonitoredoutfalls.Youmustsubmitevenif yourfacilityisreportingnodischargeorachangeinstatusfromactiveandstaffedtoinactiveand unstaffed. FacilitiesmustusetheonlineeNOIsystem(www.epa.gov/npdes/eNOI)toreportresults.EPA's ElectronicNoticeofIntent(eNOI)systemisanonlineelectronicpermitapplicationsystemthatenables stormwaterentitiestosubmitNOIformstoEPA.eNOIalsoallowsregisteredeNOIuserstoreport dischargemonitoringdataandsubmitannualreportsandotherreportinginformationtoEPA. IfyoucannotaccesseNOI,thepaperMSGPDischargeMonitoringReport(MDMR)reportingform (availableatwww.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/msgp)canbesubmittedtotheappropriateaddress identifiedinthe2008MSGP(Part7.6.1). EvenifyousubmitmonitoringdataviaeNOI,thepaperMDMRformcanhelpensureyouhavethe informationyouneedtocompletealltherequiredfields.RatherthangolinebylinethroughtheMDMR, whichtheinstructionsdo,thisGuidewillhighlighttheinformationneededtofillouttheMDMR. YouwillneedthefollowinginformationtosubmitmonitoringdataviaeNOIandcompletetheMDMR,at aminimum: 1. Permittrackingnumber 2. ThefacilitySWPPP
40
IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide 3. Monitoringrecords 4. Labreports 5. Correctiveactions PermitTrackingNumberThepermittrackingnumberisauniqueidentifierassignedtoyourfacilityby EPA.EPAtracksreportsubmittalsusingthePermitTrackingNumberratherthanfacilitynameor address.Thus,ifyoudonotincludethePermitTrackingNumberyoumaynotgetcreditforsubmitting theMDMR. FacilitySWPPPThefacilitySWPPPincludesseveralpiecesofinformationneededfortheMDMR, including: Thenumberofstormwateroutfalls. Which,ifany,oftheoutfallsdischargesubstantiallyidenticaleffluents. Alternativemonitoringperiods,ifthefacilityislocatedinanareaofirregularstormwaterrunoff. MonitoringRecordsDetailedmonitoringrecordswillmakecompletingtheMDMReasier.As previouslydiscussed,monitoringrecordsmustinclude: Thedate(s)ofallmonitoringeventsduringtheMDMRreportingperiod. AnystormwateroutfallsthatdidnothaveadischargeduringtheMDMRreportingperiod. Whetherthedischargeresultedfromrainfallorsnowmelt. Thedurationofthestormevent. Thenumberofinchesofrainfallfromthemonitoredstormevent(s). Thenumberofdayssincethepreviousmeasurablestormevent,whichmayormaynotbethe previousmonitoredmeasurablestormevent. LabReportsThelabwillprovideadetailedreportwiththeresultsofyourstormwateranalysesand detailedQA/QCdatatoverifythattheresultsareaccurate.Foreachparameterthelabwilltypically reportoneofthreeresultstobereportedontheMDMR. 1. Themeasuredconcentrationtobecomparedagainstthebenchmarkoreffluentlimitation guideline. 2. BQLorbelowquantitationlimitmeansthattheparameterispresentatsomeamountgreater thanzerobutlessthanthequantitationlimitbutthemethodusedisnotpreciseenoughtogive anexactconcentration.ReportBQLandthenumericquantitationlimitontheMDMR. 3. NDornotdetectedmeansthattheparameterwasnotdetectedinthesample.ReportNDand thedetectionlimitontheMDMR.NotethattheNDlevelistypicallythreetofivetimeslessthan thequantitationlimit. Otherlabreportsyoumayneedincludereceivingwaterhardnessresultsifanyofyourrequired parametersarehardnessdependent,anddataonnaturalbackgroundpollutantlevelsifyouareclaiming thatanexceedanceofabenchmarklimitisduetonaturalbackgroundconditions. CorrectiveActionsThe2008MSGPrequiresyoutoimplementcorrectiveactionsifthelabreport indicatesanexceedanceofoneormorenumericeffluentlimitsoriftheaverageoffourquarterly samplesexceedstheapplicablebenchmark.Youmustdocumentdiscoveryofeffluentlimit(s)or
41
IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide benchmarkconcentration(s)exceedanceswithin24hoursofreceivingthelabreport,includingthe conditiontriggeringtheneedforcorrectiveactionreview;adescriptionoftheproblem;andthedate theproblemwasidentified.Within14daysofreceivingthelabreportyoumustsummarizethe correctiveactionthatwastakenorwillbetaken,includingadescriptionofthecorrectiveaction;start andenddates;andwhethertheSWPPPwillbemodified.Youcansubmitthecorrectiveactionreport(s) viaeNOIoralongwiththepaperMDMRform.
6.TrainPersonnel
Youmusttrainyourstormwaterpollutionpreventionteamintheproperproceduresforsample collection,visualassessments,trackingandreporting.Trainingsshouldbeheldregularlytoupdatestaff onanypermitorSWPPPchanges.Newemployeesthatbecomemembersofthestormwaterpollution preventionteamshouldbetrainedingeneralstormwaterawarenessaswellasthefollowing monitoringspecifictopics: Howtoanticipateameasurablestormevent. Wheretomonitor. Howtocollectanddocumentthecollectionofstormwatersamplesincludingtheassemblingof fieldblanksamples. Howtoperformanddocumentvisualassessments. Howtohandleandsendthesamplestothelab. Howtointerprettheresults. Howtokeepaccurateandcompleterecordsandreportappropriateinformationtothe permittingauthority.
7.References
APHA(AmericanPublicHealthAssociation).1998.StandardMethodsfortheExaminationofWaterand Wastewater,20thEdition.AmericanPublicHealthAssociation,20thEdition. Ecology.2002.HowToDoStormwaterSampling:AGuideforIndustrialFacilities.Publication#0210 071.StateofWashingtonDepartmentofEcology,Olympia,Washington. EPAAdministeredPermitPrograms:TheNationalPollutantDischargeEliminationSystem.Codeof FederalRegulationsTitle40,Pt.122. GuidelinesEstablishingTestProceduresfortheAnalysisofPollutants.CodeofFederalRegulations Title40,Pt.136. USEPA(U.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency).1992.NPDESStormWaterSamplingGuidance Document.EPA833892001.U.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency,OfficeofWater, WashingtonD.C. USEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2008. NPDES Multi-Sector General Permit for Stormwater Discharges Associated with Industrial Activity (MSGP). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington D.C.
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AppendixA2008MSGPIndustrialStormwaterMonitoring Form

MSGP Industrial Stormwater/Snowmelt Monitoring Summary Form

Name of Facility: Address: Pollutants to sample (Method)
Permit Tracking Number:
Benchmark Levels and ELGs Industry Sector ELG
Pollutant
Benchmark Level
Daily Max
Monthly Average
Instant Min/Max
Sample Summary Outfall Identifier
Industry Sector (SIC)
Basis
Frequency
Timing
MSGP Sample Collection Form
Page _____ of _____
AppendixB2008MSGPVisualMonitoringForm

MSGP Quarterly Visual Assessment Form

(Complete a separate form for each outfall you assess) Name of Facility: Street Address: Outfall Number: Permit No.: City: State: Zip Code: No Yes (identify substantially identical
"Substantially Identical Outfall"? outfalls):______ Substitute Sample?: No Yes (identify quarter/year when sample was originally Quarter/Year: scheduled to be collected): Person(s)/Title(s) collecting sample: Person(s)/Title(s) examining sample: Date & Time Storm or Snowmelt Date & Time Sample Collected: _________ Date & Time Sample Examined: ________ Began: Nature of Discharge: Rainfall Rainfall Amount:______inches Color Odor Clarity Floating Solids Settled Solids** Suspended Solids Oil Sheen Foam (gently shake sample) Other Obvious Indicators of Storm Water Pollution Snowmelt Previous Storm Ended > 72 hours Before Start of This Storm? Yes No* (explain): Parameter None Other (describe): None Musty Sewage Sulfur Sour Petroleum/Gas ________ Solvents Other (describe): Clear Slightly Cloudy Cloudy Opaque Other (describe): ________ No Yes (describe): No Yes (describe): No Yes (describe): None Flecks Globs Sheen Slick Other (describe): ________ No Yes (describe): No Yes (describe): __________________________________________________
* The 72-hour interval can be waived when the previous storm did not yield a measurable discharge or if you are able to document (attach applicable documentation) that less than a 72-hour interval is representative of local storm events during the sampling period. ** Observe for settled solids after allowing the sample to sit for approximately one-half hour. Sampling not performed due to adverse conditions: No Yes (explain): ________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sampling not performed due to no measurable storm event occurring that resulted in a discharge during the monitoring quarter: No Yes (explain): _________________________________________________________________________________
Detail any concerns, additional comments, descriptions of pictures taken, and any corrective actions taken below (attach additional sheets as necessary).
Certification by Facility Responsible Official (Refer to MSGP Subpart 11 Appendix B for Signatory Requirements)
I certify under penalty of law that this document and all attachments were prepared under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gathered and evaluated the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system, or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information, the information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations. A. Name _____________________________________ C. Signature___________________________________ B. Title _____________________________________ D. Date Signed_______________________________
AppendixC2008MSGPIndustrialStormwaterCollection Form
MSGP Industrial Stormwater/Snowmelt Discharge Collection Form

Name of Facility: Address: Date & Time Sample Collection Ended (if different): Person(s)/Title(s) collecting sample: Preservative (Y/N) Permit Tracking Number: Outfall Numbers/Sample Locations: Discharge Information Nature of Discharge (circle one): Rainfall or Snowmelt Rainfall Amount (inches): Date of Discharge Sampling: Date & Time Storm Began: Date & Time Storm Ended: Date & Time of Previous Measurable Storm Event: Number of Containers Type of Analyses Required Sample Collection Information Date & Time Sample Collection Began:
Date
Time
Sample Identification/Outfall
Shaded area for laboratory use only Collection Laboratory Log Number Method
Sampled by: (signature ) Received by: (signature )
Date/Time: Date/Time:
Relinquished by: (signature ) Received by: (signature )
Received by: (signature ) Received by: (signature )
The 72-hour interval can be waived when the previous storm did not yield a measurable discharge or if you are able to document (attach applicable documentation) that less than a 72-hour interval is representative of local storm events during the sampling period.
Detail any concerns, additional comments, descriptions of pictures taken, and any corrective actions below (attach additional sheets as necessary).
Certification by Facility Responsible Official (Refer to MSGP Subpart 11 Appendix B for Signatory Requirements)
I certify under penalty of law that this document and all attachments were prepared under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gathered and evaluated the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system, or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information, the information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations. A. Name_______________________________________________ C. Signature____________________________________________ MSGP Sample Collection Form B. Title_________________________________________________ C. Date Signed__________________________________________ Page _____ of _____

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IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide

ThisguidedoesnotimposeanynewlegallybindingrequirementsonEPA,States,ortheregulated community,anddoesnotconferlegalrightsorimposelegalobligationsuponanymemberofthepublic. Intheeventofaconflictbetweenthediscussioninthisdocumentandanystatute,regulation,orpermit, thisdocumentwouldnotbecontrolling.

Interestedpartiesarefreetoraisequestionsandobjectionsaboutthesubstanceofthisguideandthe appropriatenessoftheapplicationofthisguidetoaparticularsituation.EPAandotherdecisionmakers retainthediscretiontoadoptapproachesonacasebycasebasisthatdifferfromthosedescribedinthis guidewhereappropriate.

Foranexplanationofthesemonitoringrequirementsinthe2008MSGPseePart6.2.Part8ofthe2008MSGP includesthebenchmarkandeffluentlimitationguidelinemonitoringrequirementsforeachoftheindustrial sectorsaffectedbysuchrequirements.

IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide stormwaterpollutionpreventionteamwillfollowwhenconductingmonitoringandvisual assessments.

IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide Areaswherestormwatermightenteryourfacilityfromneighboringfacilitiesandcommingle withyourstormwaterdischarges. Authorizednonstormwaterdischargescomminglewithstormwaterpriortodischarge(such commingleddischargesmaybecoveredunderyourpermit).

Openditches,guttersorswalesthatcarrystormwaterfromyourfacilitytoanoffsitelocation.If theseconveyancescontainrunofffromanotherfacility,itisimportanttonotethatinyour SWPPP;

Outletsdischargingoffsitefromonsitestormwaterdetentionpondsorothertypesofstructural controlmeasures.ItisimportanttosampleattheOUTLETofyourstructuralcontrolmeasures, asopposedtotheINLETofsuchstructures,inordertodeterminethequalityofthewaterafter treatment.

Stormwaterfromindustrialareas commingleswithstormwater dischargesfromnonindustrialareas orareasnotregulatedunderthe MSGPbeforeitreachesthesurface waterbodyorMS4. AdverseWeatherConditions

Boththeparametersthatmustbesampledandthefrequencyofmonitoringforimpairmentpollutants maybesubjecttoStateorIndianCountrylandspecificrequirements.Therefore,each2008MSGP permitteemustalsoconsultPart9ofthepermitwhendeterminingwhichimpairedwaterssampling requirementsapply.

IndustrialStormwaterMonitoringandSamplingGuide InadditiontoyourlocaltelevisionnewsandtheWeatherChannel,youcangetweather informationonlinefromhttp://www.wrh.noaa.gov(NationalWeatherService)and http://www.weather.com. Checkweatherforecastssoyoucanpreparetosampleupcomingprecipitationevents.

Preparingsamplingsupplies. Optionalorasneededsupplies: o Sodiumbicarbonate(forsafetyreasonsifusingacidpreservativeadditives)

Deliverthesamplestothelab(e.g.drive,arrangesamedaypickupbythelab,oruseanexpress /overnightservice)assoonaspossible,bearinginmindtheholdingtimesforeachparameter sampled.

500mLHDPE 100mLHDPEor glass 500mLHDPE

HNO3topH<2 HNO3topH<2 None storeinthedark HNO3topH<2 HNO3topH<2

500mLHDPE 500mLHDPE 200mLHDPE 100mLHDPE 500mLHDPE 500mLHDPE

Ifbenchmarkswereexceeded: Didyousamplecorrectly? Didyoustartwithcleansamplecollectionjarsandwerethesamplespreservedand submittedtothelabwithintheallottedtimeframe? Didyouproperlysamplethedischargeflowingfromthesiteordidyoucollectthesample fromalowspotorstagnantpool?

Aleakorspillthatwasnotadequatelycleanedup. Construction,paintingandpavingactivities. Havingalargeamountofmaterial(rawmaterials,wastesorproducts)recentlydeliveredor beingpreparedforshipment.

Didyouobserveanythingduringvisualinspectionsthatmayhaveindicatedthatstormwater runoffwouldhavebeenexposedtopollutants?Ifso,arecontrolmeasuresinplacetoaddress thepollutantsources?

Anexplanationofthesituation;whatyouhavedoneandintendtodo(shouldyourcorrective actionsnotyetbecomplete)tocorrecttheviolation;and Anappropriatecontactnameandphonenumber.

InadditiontopreparingtheExceedanceReport,youmustcontinuetomonitor,atleastquarterly,until yourstormwaterdischargeisincompliancewiththeeffluentlimitsoruntilEPAwaivestherequirement foradditionalmonitoring.

MSGP Industrial Stormwater/Snowmelt Monitoring Summary Form

Permit Tracking Number:

Benchmark Levels and ELGs Industry Sector ELG

Sample Summary Outfall Identifier

Industry Sector (SIC)

MSGP Sample Collection Form

Page _____ of _____

MSGP Quarterly Visual Assessment Form

MSGP Industrial Stormwater/Snowmelt Discharge Collection Form

Sampled by: (signature ) Received by: (signature )

Relinquished by: (signature ) Received by: (signature )

Received by: (signature ) Received by: (signature )

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