The inter-Arab trade is experiencing customs and non-customs obstacles and constraints,

of which are standards and country-of-origin regulations. Actually, acquaintance with the
importance of specifications and regulations contributes to developing standards of Arab
commodities and elevates their competitive advantage. In the Arab world, each country has
its national standards and they, all, have European and American standards as their reference.
Few years ago, the League of Arab States, through its organizations and bodies, embarked
upon establishing Arab unified standards with a view to facilitate trade among Arab countries,
of which are Arab unified standards for cement and other building materials.
The Arab Union for Cement and Building Materials (AUCBM), being a principal member in
the Arab Unified Standards Committee, sees the above as an important and necessary step,
as the application of these unified standards does not conflict with national standards for
each country. The persistence by AUCBM on the importance of this Arab unified standard
comes in a time in which Arab cement industry has largely expanded and became an important
commodity in the Arab trade. However, the growth and expansion of this industry have
contributed, during the last few years, to raising production capacities, the matter that led to
opening out to international markets in addition to the Arab circle. This requires harmony and
conformity between the Arab unified standards and international standards, headed by unified
European Standards for cement, and even fully adopting them as it is the case with some Arab
countries. This would, in turn, relieve hurdles facing trade and would facilitate the introduction
of the product to international markets.
The dedication of this issue's foreword to standards came in light of experiences and problems
that has blocked, and are still hindering, the movement of commerce in cement industry on
Arab and international levels. Avoiding this as soon as possible is most important for the
Arab cement industry which could, in near future, witness fierce competition due to its wide
expansion and growth. This necessitates that it withstand competition in international, and
even, Arab markets.
Foreword
AUCBM Member Companies:
Arab News
International News
New Products and Media
Articles:
- Emissions Monitoring in the Cement
Industry An important way of creating
transparency and credibility
By: Martin Schneider, Ute Zunzer, VDZ (Verein
Deutscher Zementwerke e.V.), Research
Institute of the Cement Industry, Dsseldorf,
Germany
- Removing dust from process gases in the
cement pyroprocess with optimized A TEC
cyclone systems
By: Dipl.-Ing Dr. Nat. Techn. Gerald Koglbauer
Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Walter Gigacher A TEC
Production & Services GmbH/ Austria
- In Search of the Right Concept
By: Dipl.-Ing Ralf Esser, Astrid Kgel, Dipl.-
Ing. Theo Schrooten, Klaus Hansper Intensiv-
Filter GmbH & Co. KG/ Germany
- Elecrtical Power System-with a Power
Profile of a Cement Plant
By: Sanwar M. Mishra / India
- Kiln Doctor
By: Phillips Kiln Services (India) Pvt. Ltd.,
India
- Evaluation Methods related to Waste
Incineration
Mchefer, a material that could be evaluated
in the field of public buildings and facilities
By: Soussi Chokri and Rajaa Zmemla, Institut
Suprieur Des Etudes Technologiques de Sfax,
Tunisia
- Diary Dates
Cement silos Rawmeal blending silos High capacity mixing plants Power plants Shiploaders/unloaders Cement carriers
I BAU HAMBURG Rdingsmarkt 35 D-20459 HAMBURG Phone +49 (0) 40 36 13 090 Fax +49 (0) 40 36 39 83 Email: info@ibauhamburg.de Internet: www.ibauhamburg.de
A member of the HAVER &
BOECKER Technology group
THE STATE OF THE ART for modern bulk material handling
IBAU
HAMBURG
THE POWER FORSUCCESS
Cement silos Rawmeal blending silos High capacity mixing plants Power plants Shiploaders/unloaders Cement carriers
I BAU HAMBURG Rdingsmarkt 35 D-20459 HAMBURG Phone +49 (0) 40 36 13 090 Fax +49 (0) 40 36 39 83 Email: info@ibauhamburg.de Internet: www.ibauhamburg.de
A member of the HAVER &
BOECKER Technology group
THE STATE OF THE ART for modern bulk material handling
IBAU
HAMBURG
THE POWER FORSUCCESS
6
NORTHERN REGION CEMENT
COMPANY
SAUDI ARABIA
Northern Region Cement Company's plant is located in the northern region, 190
Km from Arar and 50 Km from the city Turaif. The plant area is estimated to be
98,0000 m2.
The Company Capital: Northern Region Cement Company is a Saudi Joint Stock
Company, founded with a capital amount of one billion two hundred million Saudi
riyals.
Design and Production Capacity: Plant design capacity is 6,000 tpd of cement
at an annual capacity of 2.199Mt of different types of cement. Actual production in
2009 reached 1.61Mt of clinker and 1.8Mt of cement.
Marketing: During 2009, NRC was able to achieve its marketing plan, with its local
sales reaching 1.473Mt of cement; 223,000t of cement were exported.
New Projects: The Company established Northern Cement Co. in Jordan, and
the project is now completed; trial production started in September 2009, and
148,000t of cement were produced.
The Plant Accessories: The factory was built with European specifications; there
is a hi-tech station for electricity generation with capacity of 42Mw. There are also
water treatment stations for use in plant and the housing for the city.
Address:
Northern Region Cement Company
P.O. Box 3100
Arar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Tel.: (+966 4) 6633661
Fax: (+966 4) 6611040
Email: info@nrc.com.sa
Website: www.nrc.com.sa
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P.O. Box 30 80 D-67618 Kaiserslautern
Phone +49 631-4161-0 Fax +49 631 4161-290
E-mail kv-p@gpag.com www.gpag.com
5593_Anzeigenkampagne_2009.indd 7 21.01.2009 11:40:08 Uhr
8
IRAQ
The General Company for Southern Cement
concludes investment contracts for training and
employment of Karbala Cement Plant production
in a participatory manner
Southern Cement State Company entered on 27/4/
2010 a contract with leading Iraqi and its strategic
partner (Lafarge France) for the operation and
rehabilitation of Karbala Cement Plant production
in a participatory manner in accordance with the
Companies Act No. General (22) for the year
1997.
The contract for the first party (General Company
for Southern Cement) Director General, Engineer
Nasser Idris Mahdi civil society and the tip second
company pioneers, represented by Mr. Basil Mahdi
Mohamed Jawad Rahim (Chairman) and the French
company Lafarge, represented by Mr. Guillaume
Rowe Executive Vice President. It is hoped that
through the said contract which outlined a period
of time (15 years) will work on the rehabilitation of
the plant to reach design production capacity after
three years of receipt by the second party that the
company achieved a qualitative leap in the field of
investment and operation of laboratories
Source: The Company website www.southern-
cement.com
SAUDI ARABIA
During 2009, Saudi Cement Company produced
6.519Mt of clinker and 5.478Mt of cement from
its Hufouf and Ain Dar plants.
JORDAN
Lafarge Jordan Cement to pay $0.91 cash
dividend
Lafarge Jordan Cement announced that the
Company was able to maintain the same level of
its profits during 2009 as compared to previous
year.
The Company registered a profit of JD 46.3 million
although its sales volume fell by 3% registering
3.557Mt in 2009 as compared to 4.885Mt in 2008.
Lafarge Cement Jordan's sales have been hit by
the entry of new Saudi competitors and weaker
domestic consumption as the country reels under
the impact of the global downturn, company
officials say.
Shareholders in the Company approved a cash
dividend for 2009 of 650 fils ($0.91) per share.
The total dividend payout amounts to 39 million
dinars from the firm's total 46.320 million dinars
of net profits in 2009, comprising a 6 percent drop
from the previous year.
9
SAUDI ARABIA
During 2009, Saudi Cement Company's sales in
local market registered 4,824Mt of different kinds
of cement. The Company exported 753,000t of
cement.
JORDAN
Lafarge Cement Jordan wins the Encouraging
Excellence Award in Health & Safety for the third
consecutive year
Lafarge Cement Jordan, and specifically Al-
Rashadiyeh cement plant, has won 2009
Encouraging Excellence Award for installations in
the area of safety and occupational health, presented
by the Social Security Corporation.
This is the third consecutive year that the Company
wins this award for its outstanding efforts in the
field of safety applications and commitment to it
throughout its laws and standards for safety and
occupational health.

Lafarge Cement Jordan seeks to provide a safest
working environment for its employees, customers,
suppliers, contractors and visitors, and Safety ranks
at the top of its priorities.
The Company considers safety as a core value that
must be included in all the Companys works and
activities, as well as its administrative systems.
Lafarge focuses on the need to adopt safe behaviors
in all its activities in a spontaneous and regular
manner, as well as to work as one team to abide by
safety regulations and fulfill the single acceptable
goal of Zero Lost Time Injuries at all its sites.
It is worth mentioning that the Company has
managed to lower the number of LTIs from 55 in
2002 to 3 LTIs in 2008 and down to one LTI in
2009. This means that the Company has achieved
a record, which is considered the best in his long
history in the area of safety.
Source: www.cafraj.net
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info@hazemag.de www.hazemag.de
10
IRAQ
Lafarge Cement Jordan wins the Encouraging Excellence Award in Health & Safety for the third
consecutive
That Al Sawari State Company y for Chemical Industries, related to the Ministry of Industry and Minerals
completed the rehabilitation works of two production lines in rock wool plant after allocating 2 billion
Iraqi Dinars. The plant produces rockwool in all its types, used in thermal insulation for buildings,
burners and pipes in power stations, oil and industrial companies, in addition to sound insulation.
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Designed to ensure environment-friendly and efcient cargo operations, Siwertell ship unloaders and loaders are
based on unique screw conveyor technology, in combination with belt conveyors and aeroslides, and can handle
virtually any dry bulk cargo with competitive unloading and loading capacities.
Cargotec improves the efciency of cargo ows on land and at sea wherever cargo is on the move.
Cargotecs daughter brands Hiab, Kalmar and MacGregor are recognised leaders in cargo and load handling solutions
around the world.
SIWERTELL IS A CARGOTEC BRAND
www.cargotec.com
12
FLSmidth to supply a
complete cement plant in
Tunisia
FLSmidth has signed a contract worth
107m Euros (DKK 797m) with Tunisian-
owned Carthage Cement to supply
equipment and services for a 5,800 tonnes
per day state-of-the-art cement plant.
The plant will be located approximately
40 km southwest of the Tunisian capital
Tunis.
The scope of supply includes a full
pyro processing line, ATOX and UMS
mills, silos, a complete automated
ECS installation (Expert Control and
Supervision) as well as a packing plant.
To achieve the best environmental
performance the plant also features
a QCX quality control system, gas
analysing equipment and air pollution
control filters.

The contract was signed in close
cooperation with the Turkish building
contractors EKON and PROKON who
are responsible for all the construction
work, buildings and structures as well as
the installation of the equipment supplied
by FLSmidth.

The cement plant, which will be
technologically the most advanced in
Tunisia, is designed for possible future
use of alternative fuels.

"FLSmidth has a long history in Tunisia
and other North African countries and we
believe that the African cement market
will continue to offer opportunities for
growth. This project is therefore very
important and will further strengthen our
position in the region. The cement plant
will be one of the largest in North Africa
featuring the latest technology, the most
energy efficient solutions and the highest
environmental standards," Group CEO
Jrgen Huno Rasmussen comments.
The order will contribute beneficially
to FLSmidth's earnings until the plant is
taken over by the customer in 2012.
FLSmidth receives operation
and maintenance contract in
Tunisia
FLSmidth has been awarded a contract from
Tunisian owned Carthage Cement for operation
and maintenance of their new cement plant to
be constructed approximately 40 km southwest
of the Tunisian capital Tunis.

The cement plant is being designed and supplied
by FLSmidth and cooperation with the Turkish
contracting companies EKON and PROKON.

The scope of the supply includes complete
staffing of the plant for operation and
maintenance of the equipment, training of the
staff as well as sourcing and inventory control
of spare parts and lubricants.

The objective of the operation and maintenance
contract is to ensure a high production level
of the plant as well as ensuring an ongoing
knowledge transfer and training of the local
staff.

The value of the operation and maintenance
contract will over a period of five years amount
to more than 65m Euros (DKK 500m) for
FLSmidth.

"This is the sixth, large cement operation and
maintenance contract awarded to FLSmidth and
it clearly demonstrates how well our operation
and maintenance services and One Source
offering are received by the customers. The
operation and maintenance activities reduce our
sensitivity to cyclical developments in the sale
of cement and minerals plants and provide us
with valuable operational experience," Group
CEO Jrgen Huno Rasmussen comments.

The order will contribute beneficially to
FLSmidth's earnings until 2017.
13
Material handling order to FLSmidth in Kuwait
FLSmidth has received an order worth approximately 34m Euros (DKK 250m) from Kuwait Cement
Company for the supply of in-plant material handling equipment for the second production line at their
cement plant located at Shuaiba Port in Kuwait.

The first production line with a capacity of 5,500 tonnes per day was supplied by FLSmidth in 1998 and
the second 5,500 tonnes per day line is currently being supplied by FLSmidth.

The scope of the supply includes complete design, engineering, manufacture and supply of all mechanical
and electrical equipment. The material handling system includes belt conveyors, belt/weigh feeders,
stackers, reclaimers, crushers, screens, bucket elevators, deep pan conveyors, air pollution control filters
and revamping of existing ship unloader as well as of the respective transportation.

"This material handling order is a great example of the one source solutions we are able to provide to
our customers in both the cement and minerals industries from our global material handling technology
centre, headquartered out of Wadgassen, Germany. The contract is the first raw material handling facility
for a cement plant in Kuwait and is therefore an important material handling order on this growing
Middle Eastern market," Group CEO Jrgen Huno Rasmussen comments.

The order will contribute beneficially to FLSmidth's earnings until late 2011.
Operation and maintenance contract in Egypt to FLSmidth
FLSmidth has been awarded a contract from Egyptian owned Wadi El Nile Cement Company for
operation and maintenance of their 5,000 tonnes per day cement plant, being constructed approximately
120 km south of the Egyptian capital Cairo.

The equipment for the cement plant's production line was designed and supplied by FLSmidth A/S
(see Company Announcement no. 18- 2008).

Wadi El Nile Cement Company chose to cooperate with FLSmidth due to its proven performance
and state-of-the-art maintenance, using original spare parts, as well as for its experience in training
of local workforce.

The operation and maintenance contract covers a period of five years. The parties have agreed not to
disclose the value of the contract.

"Egypt is a very well-known market to FLSmidth as we have delivered several cement plants in the
country which is undertaking large investments in the development of their infrastructure. FLSmidth
already maintains and operates one cement plant in Egypt and this second contract for operation and
maintenance in the country clearly demonstrates the value of our ability to serve as a one source
provider to our customers," Group CEO Jrgen Huno Rasmussen comments.

The order will contribute beneficially to FLSmidth's earnings until 2016.

14
Duravit Tunisia puts its
trust in Sacmi
Flexible and high-
performance with cost-
cutting consumption
levels
Almost 190 years in the ceramic
business: this is Duravit, founded in
1817 in Germany, now present in over 90
different countries and the owner of eight
modern production plants. One of them,
Duravit Tunisia, previously known as
Manufacture Tunisienne des Ceramiques,
was purchased by Duravit (as majority
holding) in 2008.
A specialist sanitaryware producer,
Duravit Tunisia, based in Bizerte, can
now count on new cutting-edge Sacmi
machine, installed between 2008 and
early 2009. This is a shuttle kiln with a
massive 95 cubic metre capacity, a HWS
13.5140/500/ with Firelane burners,
with two lifting doors and ceramic fibre
lining.
Effective kiln width is 5 metres and there
is double-deck loading. Note that the
machine supplied to Duravit Tunisia is
suitable for first- and re-firing application.
With firing cycles lasting 12- 24 hours, the
machine can manage some 675 pieces per
cycle and can even fire different product
types simultaneously (Vitreous China,
Fine Fire Clay, Coarse Fire Clay).
Another key competitiveness factor on
which Duravit Tunisia can count thanks
to Sacmi is the extremely low energy
consumption of the new kiln. Moreover,
the machine was designed by Sacmi/
Riedhammer to minimise in-atmosphere
carbon dioxide emissions, in keeping
with the Groups strict energy efficiency
and consumption reduction policies
while increasing quality and production
performance.
Flaminia: new application
for internal glazing of the
water trap Automatic water
trap glazing unit installed on
existing glazing line
After a positive experience with semiautomatic
internal glazing of WCs, Ceramica Flaminia
(Civita Castellana-VT), a Sacmi customer for
several years now, has decided to switch to
a new version of this application and so take
advantage of a fully automatic system.
To achieve that goal an automatic glazing line
with robot has been installed on the existing
line, which is based on a mixed process: flow
coating and spray.
The main feature is the short WC internal
glazing time, which results in an average
cycle time of about 70 / 80, and the main
advantage lies, without doubt, in the fact that
every surface of the under-rim is covered
completely.
For more information, please contact:
Mr. Cristian Cassani, PR & Adv. Dept.
SACMI IMOLA S.C.R.L.
Via Selice Prov. Le 17/A
40026 Imola (BD)
Italy
Tel.: (+39 0542) 607472
Fax: (+39 0542) 642354
Email: sacmi@sacmi.it,
Http:// www.sacmi.it
15
FLSmidth receives copper
order in the Middle East
FLSmidth has been awarded a contract worth
49.5m Euros (approximately DKK 368m) from
a company in the Middle East for engineering
services and equipment for the expansion of a
copper mine.

The scope of the supply for the 7 million tonnes
per year capacity copper concentrator includes
stockpile feeders, a SAG mill, ball mills, pumps and
cyclones, flotation cells, concentrate and tailings
thickeners and concentrate filters - comprising a
full minerals processing line.

"FLSmidth has a strong position in the global
copper industry and this order for a complete
process line further underlines the strength of
our unique ability to provide a single source
of products and service solutions to the copper
industry," Group CEO Jrgen Huno Rasmussen
comments.

The order will contribute beneficially to FLSmidth's
earnings until mid 2013.
FLSmidth to work for New
Phosphate Rock Terminal in
Jordan
FLSmidth is being awarded a contract worth
approximately 70m Euros (DKK 520m) from
Afcons Infrastructure Limited, India who signed
a contract worth approximately 200 Million USD
with Jordan Phosphate Mines Co., Jordan, for a
new Phosphate Rock Terminal. The terminal will
be located approximately 25 km south of Aqaba
.- Jordan

The work comprises a land terminal where
the phosphate rock is unloaded at the truck
unloading facility, suitable for self-tipping or
bottom-discharge trucks comprising also tippling
platforms for fixed-trailer trucks from where the
phosphate rock is conveyed by means of chain
conveyors, trough belt conveyors and reversible
shuttle belt conveyors with a capacity of 1,800
tonnes per hour into the covered bulk flat store
with a storage capacity of 240,000 tonnes. From
there it is discharged and transported by collecting
belt conveyors and overhead two parallel pipe
conveyors 1,800 tonnes per hour each to a marine
terminal with two rail mounted ship loaders having
.a loading capacity of 2,200 tonnes per hour each

The scope of supply will include design,
engineering, manufacture, supply, transportation
of mechanical and electrical equipments to the
site, fabrication, erection, testing, commissioning
as well as training of the terminal's personnel and
.performance testing

The international demand for phosphate is high"
and this order highlights the fact that FLSmidth
can offer our customers single source solutions,
not only within metal mining but also in various
other markets like steel, port facilities, the energy
sector, industrial water treatment and in this case
- phosphate for fertilizer products," Group CEO
.Jorgen Huno Rasmussen comments

The order will contribute beneficially to
.FLSmidth's earnings until end 2012

16
11
th
NCB International Seminar on Cement and
Building Materials was organized by NCB on 17-
20 November 2009, New Delhi. It was inaugurated
by Honble Minister of State for Commerce &
Industry, Govt. of India, Shri Jyotiraditya Scindia.
The Seminar drew overwhelming participation of
about 700 delegates including 67 overseas delegates
from various countries. About 90 technical papers
were presented in fifteen Technical Sessions
including five Special Lectures, during the four
day event. A Special Publication entitled Global
Economic Scenario Challenges and Outlook for
Indian Cement and Construction Industries was
brought out on the occasion of the Seminar, with
contributions by domain experts. The Technical
Exhibition organized concurrently with the Seminar
provided valuable information about the latest
machinery, related auxiliaries and instrumental &
control techniques available to the industry.
The Seminar provided a comprehensive update on
cement and construction technologies including
related plant and machinery, projecting international
endeavours and experiences in these areas with the
underlying objective of sustainable development.
The deliberations focused on the latest
developments in raw material, utilization of
wastes, process optimization, advances in plant
and machinery, project engineering, energy
conservation, environmental protection, quality
control systems, durability of concrete systems,
and cement sustainability chain including global
warming, carbon trading etc.

The focused approach for maximization of
operational efficiency through retrofit of energy
efficient equipment/system, integrated electrical and
control systems, application of refractory products
to withstand aggressive chemical agents in Waste
Derived Fuels and adoption of best practices for
operation and maintenance has helped the plants in
achieving significant reduction in production costs
as emphasized by a large number of case studies
presented during the Seminar.
The adoption of new generation pollution control
equipment has helped the cement industry to achieve
very low levels of dust emissions,even below 20
mg/cum. Sustainable development through durable
construction using efficient chemical admixtures,
supplementary cementitious materials and stainless
steel reinforcement was emphasized.
In the concluding session of the Seminar, the
NCB National Awards for Energy Efficiency,
Environmental Excellence and Quality
Excellence in Indian Cement Industry for the
years 2007- 08 and 2008- 09 were presented by Mrs
Renu Sharma, Joint Secretary to the Government
of India, Department of Industrial Policy and
Promotion.
The deliberations in the Seminar gave an exhaustive
coverage on the technical issues relating to cement
and construction industries and the intense
interactions, which took place, benefitted the
professionals from these industries.
AUMUND Foerdertechnik GmbH Saalhoffer Str. 17 47495 Rheinberg Germany
Tel.: +49-28 43-72 0 Fax: +49-28 43-6 02 70 e-mail: aumund@aumund.de www.aumund.com
Automized Clinker Discharge
MOLEX
100% active stock
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Direct mill hopper feeding
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Silo feeding during reclaim
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W E C O N V E Y Q U A L I T Y
Anz.Aumund_Clinker_Molex_A4:Anz.Clinker_Molex_A4 16.04.2010 12:23 Uhr Seite 1
18
.
.

.
.
.
Dsseldorf

.
.

.
T
he manufacture of clinker and cement is -
like other industrial activities - a resource
and energy intensive process. It produces
- apart from valuable products - releases to the
environment, primarily as airborne emissions.
Emissions measurement, monitoring and reporting
contribute to understanding, documenting
and improving the industrys environmental
performance. A lack of information concerning
emissions can lead to local concerns about plant
operations. It is therefore in the interest of both the
regulators and the plant operators that emissions
are monitored regularly and that the rules for
such a monitoring are clearly laid down. This is
especially the case if alternative fuels and raw
materials are used in the manufacturing process.
The Research Institute of the Cement Industry in
Duesseldorf has developed over the last decades
comprehensive expertise in carrying out different
kinds of measurements in the cement and lime
industry. Based upon a profound knowledge of
the specific process characteristics, the results can
thus be interpreted taking into consideration the
peculiarities of the plants. This plays a role if e.g.
the influence of the raw materials on the emission
has to be assessed. These monitoring services of
the Institute are now delivered to the industry on
a worldwide basis.
General principles of emission monitoring
More or less every human activity is a potential source
for emissions to the environment. This does not
necessarily imply that these emissions are potentially
harmful to the environment. But nevertheless rules
have to be laid down in order to ensure an industrial
production in accordance with the preservation of the
environment and natural resources. Nowadays these
rules consist mainly of international documents such
as ISO or CEN standards that have to be applied for
the execution of actual measurements as well as
for the calibration and surveillance of continuous
emission monitors (CEM). The application of these
international standards and guidelines also facilitates
the comparability of results that have been gained at
different sites, perhaps even in different countries.
Apart from the standards or methods there are
some guiding principles that have to be taken
into consideration before an actual measurement
operation is carried out. These considerations are
relevant for permit writers and plant operators when
establishing optimised monitoring conditions. These
basic principles can be summarised as follows:
-Why monitoring?
In principle, the monitoring can be carried out for
compliance assessment and/or for the environmental
reporting of emissions. However, monitoring data can
By: Martin Schneider, Ute Zunzer
VDZ (Verein Deutscher Zementwerke e.V.), Research Institute of the Cement Industry,
Dsseldorf, Germany
19
often be used for many other reasons and objectives
and indeed, it is often more cost effective when
monitoring data obtained for one purpose can serve
other purposes as well. In all cases it is important
that the objectives for undertaking the monitoring
are clear for all the participants involved.
-Who carries out the monitoring?
The responsibility for monitoring is generally
divided between the competent authorities and
the plant operators. Depending on the specific
boundary conditions, the competent authorities can
rely on self-monitoring by the operator and/or on
measurements carried out by third party contractors
(usually accredited, independent laboratories such as
e.g. the Research Institute of the Cement Industry). It
is important that the monitoring responsibilities are
clearly assigned to all parties involved (operators,
authorities, independent monitoring bodies).
-What and how to monitor?
The parameters to be monitored depend on the
production processes, raw materials and fuels used
in the respective installation. It is advantageous if
the parameters chosen to be monitored also serve
the plant operation control needs. Additionally, a
risk-based approach can be used to match various
levels of potential risk of environmental damage
with an appropriate monitoring regime. It should be
pointed out that a properly maintained cement kiln
which is operated according to the Best Available
Techniques (BAT) [1] normally does not bear
such risks of creating any actual damage to the
environment.
-How to express monitoring results?
The way in which emission limit values (ELVs) or
equivalent parameters are expressed depends on the
objective for monitoring the respective emissions.
Depending on the purpose, different types of units
can be applied such as:
- concentration units
- specific units and
- emission factors, etc.
In all cases, the units to be used for compliance
monitoring purposes should be clearly stated, they
should be preferably internationally recognized and
they should match the relevant parameter, application
and context.
-Monitoring timing considerations?
Several timing considerations are relevant for setting
monitoring requirements in permits, including
the time when samples and/or measurements are
taken, the averaging time and the frequency. In
this context, for instance, the European Directive
on the incineration of waste (2000 / 76 / EC) [2]
distinguishes between continuous measurement and
periodic measurements. Continuous measurement
is mostly used for dust, SO
2
,
and NO
x
while other
parameters are usually determined by periodic spot
measurements.
-How to deal with uncertainties?
It is quite important to be always aware of
measurement uncertainties during the whole
monitoring process. Uncertainties need to be
estimated and reported together with the result
so that compliance assessment can be carried out
thoroughly.
Furthermore, it has to be pointed out that the
determination of monitoring data follows several
consecutive steps which all need to be performed
according to either (international) standards or
method-specific instructions to ensure good
quality results and harmonisation between different
laboratories and institutes. This data production
chain consists of the following steps which have to
be taken into consideration:
1. flow measurement
2. sampling
3. storage, transport, and preservation of the
samples
4. sample treatment
5. sample analysis
6. data processing
7. reporting of data
The practical value of measurements and
monitoring data depends on the degree of confi-
dence, e. g. reliability that can be placed on the
results, and their validity when compared to other
results from other plants. Therefore, it is quite
important to ensure the appropriate reliability and
comparability of the data. In order to allow a proper
comparison of the data it should be ensured that all
relevant information is indicated together with the
data in the respective report.
The Research Institute of the Cement Industry
operates as an officially accredited monitoring body
which has gained profound expertise especially in the
cement and lime industry. Based upon this expertise
and deep knowledge about the characteristics of
the cement and lime manufacturing processes these
specific requirements are taken into consideration
from the very beginning of a project. By doing so
the reports of the Institute not only deliver the plain
measurement results to the customers. Moreover,
20
they also put the results into the proper context, e.g.
if the influence of the raw materials on the overall
emissions has to be assessed or the optional impact
of alternative fuels has to be explained.
Emissions monitoring in the cement industry
The releases from cement kilns originate from the
physical and chemical reactions of the raw materials
and from the combustions of fuels. The main
constituents of the stack gases are nitrogen from
the combustion air, carbon dioxide from calcination
and to a lesser extent from combustion, water from
the combustion process and the raw material as
well as excess oxygen. Figures 1 - 4 show typical
sampling situations.
Simultaneously, the exhaust gases also contain
minor quantities of dust, chlorides (HCl), fluorides
(HF), sulphur dioxide (SO
2
), nitrogen oxides
(NO
x
), carbon monoxide (CO) and small quantities
of organic compounds and trace elements (heavy
metals).
In order to accurately quantify the emissions,
continuous measurements are recommended for the
following parameters:
- temperature
- dust
Figure 1: Installation of a probe in the stack
Figure 1: Installation of a probe in the stack
Figure 2: Computer controlled set-up for
continuous monitoring
Figure 2: Computer controlled set-up for continuous monitoring
Figure 3: Sampling of heavy metals
Figure 3: Sampling of heavy metals
Figure 4: Preparation of a dioxin
measurement
Figure 4: Preparation of a dioxin measurement
21
- oxygen
- NO
x
- SO
2
The exhaust gas volume and the humidity can be
derived from periodic spot measurements. In this
context it has to be pointed out that the different
operation conditions of a cement kiln (mill on /
mill off mode) require individual measurements.
A continuous monitoring of these parameters is
only necessary if the individual kiln exhibits larger
fluctuations.
Furthermore, regular periodical monitoring can be
appropriate for the following substances:
- metals (trace elements and their compounds)
- organic constituents (TOC)
- HCl
- HF
- dioxins and furans (PCDD/F)
A current legal example for the practical application
of these general considerations is the European
Directive on the incineration of waste ( 2000 / 76
/ EC). It sets the general standards for the emission
monitoring for dedicated incinerators as well as
for co-incineration plants such as cement kilns.
Based upon this Directive the following monitoring
requirements apply for cement kilns in the case of
using alternative fuels:
- continuous monitoring of NO
x
, SO
2
, dust and
TOC
- furthermore, two measurements per year for
heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Tl, Sb, As, Pb, Cr, Co,
Cu, Mn, Ni and V) and dioxins and furans
(PCDD/F). Depending on the emissions
level the frequency can be reduced to one
measurement per year.
As the concentrations of HCl and HF are normally
quite low in the stack gases of the clinker burning
process, these components are normally also
monitored via periodic measurements. In Annex
III the European Directive declares the application
of CEN standards as mandatory, as far as there are
any. Table 1 gives a non-exhaustive overview of
the current CEN standards for different individual
measurements.
Additionally, it is worth mentioning that the Directive
2000/ 76 / EC considers in its Annex II.1 specific
Table 1: Emission control - applied international standards
Table 1: Emission control - applied international standards
requirements for measurement sections and sites and for the
measurement objective, plan and report.
EN 15259
main standard for function and calibration
stationary source emissions
quality assurance of automated measuring systems
EN 14181
determination of the mass concentration of PCDDs/PCDFs and
dioxin-like PCBs (sampling, extraction and clean-up,
identification and quantification)
EN 1948/1-3
NO
X
- stationary source emissions - determination of the mass
concentration of nitrogen oxides
reference method - chemiluminescence
EN 14792
stationary source emissions - determination of low range mass
concentration of dust
part 2: automated measuring system
EN 13284-2
stationary source emissions - determination of low range mass
concentration of dust
part 1: manual gravimetric method
EN 13284-1
analyte - title of standard specifications
sample preparation / measurement and testing technology
standard
22
aspects of the clinker burning process. To start
with this refers to the emission limits for organic
carbon (TOC) and SO
2
. The emissions of TOC
during the clinker burning process are almost
completely caused by small quantities of organic
constituents input via the natural raw materials
(remnants of organisms and plants incorporated
in the rock in the course of geological history).
They are converted during kiln feed preheating
and become oxidized to form mainly CO and
CO
2
. Furthermore, in this process small portions
of organic trace gases (total organic carbon)
are formed as well. The same principle also
applies for the emissions of SO
2
: The sulphur
oxides emissions of a cement kiln (if there are
any) are almost completely generated from
volatile sulphur compounds (e.g. pyrite) in the
raw materials. Therefore the Directive grants
exemptions for the emission limit values for
TOC and SO
2
if the emissions do not arise
from the fuels. The distinction between the fuel
and the raw material related emissions requires
a profound knowledge of the clinker burning
process. If such questions are to be solved the co-
operation with an experienced monitoring body
is recommended.
In general it has to be pointed out that the proper
execution of environmental measurements is an
issue of growing concern for the cement and
lime industry. First of all these measurements
are important in order to prove that a certain
installation is operated according to the
conditions as they are laid down in the respective
permit. Apart from these legal aspects the
measurement results can also help the plant
operator to improve its process as well as
creating increased transparency towards external
stakeholders. This is a very pro-active way to
communicate the environmental performance
of an individual plant. In order to create such an
additional benefit it is an inevitable prerequisite
that the measurements are carried out according
to the current standards. Such a procedure also
safeguards the comparability of results that
have been gained in different periods and/or at
different stacks. The Research Institute of the
Cement Industry in Duesseldorf has focussed
its monitoring activities of the last decades on
the cement and lime industry. This expertise is
today the major basis upon which monitoring and
general environmental services are delivered to
the industry on a global scale.
Literature
[1] Draft Reference Document on Best
Available Techniques in the Cement,
Lime and 1 Magnesium Oxide
Manufacturing Industries European
Commission, May 2009
(Internet: http://:eippcb.jrc.es)
[2] Directive 2000 /76/EC of the European
Parliament and of the Council of 4
December 2000 on the incineration
of waste Official Journal of the European
Communities, December 2000
23
Summary: For over 10 years now, A TEC has focussed
on the use of cyclones in the cement pyroprocess
and the associated processes. One example of the
latter is the preliminary removal of dust from drying
and working gases for mill processes. Besides the
traditional cyclone designs, A TEC supplies special,
optimized designs or cyclone systems, which have
crucial advantages compared to traditional cyclones.
Individual technological features of these special
systems, e.g. guide vanes, can be used to optimize
existing cyclone installations, as described in the
following paper.
1 Introduction
On account of their simple design, limited space
requirement, high operational reliability, as well as
their low operating and investment costs, cyclones
are used in almost all branches of industry. The
cyclones main applications today are in hot gas
and high-pressure dedusting, and as a preliminary
separator for raw gases with high dust loads or as a
final separator for easy-to-remove dusts.
In mineral processing, the removal of dust particles
from air/gas mixtures by means of cyclones in
combination with or without settling chambers
is widely applied as a classical supplementary or
auxiliary process on account of the high separation rate
and the low pressure loss. Usually they are installed
1 Introduction
On account of their simple design, limited space require-
ment, high operational reliability, as well as their low operat-
ing and investment costs, cyclones are used in almost all
branches of industry. The cyclones main applications today
are in hot gas and high-pressure dedusting, and as a prelimi-
nary separator for raw gases with high dust loads or as a final
separator for easy-to-remove dusts.

In mineral processing, the removal of dust particles from
air/gas mixtures by means of cyclones in combination with
or without settling chambers is widely applied as a classical
supplementary or auxiliary process on account of the high
separation rate and the low pressure loss. Usually they are
installed immediately downstream of the comminution
processes for the purpose of preliminary dedusting so as to
reduce the load on sizing or filtering equipment. Another
not unimportant application is the removal of abrasive min-
erals in order to protect pipelines, blower stations but also
measurement and control equipment against wear.


2 A TEC cyclones with high separation efficiency
A TEC cyclones with high separation efficiency or High-
Efficiency Cyclones (Fig. 1), A TEC-HEC for short, fre-
quently differ from other cyclones on account of their com-
paratively high cylinder body. Another feature is the form of
the inlet cross-section. The tapered form prevents the settling
or caking of material in the inlet channel and, as a result,
guarantees defined flow conditions at the inlet over a longer
period.


1 Einleitung
Wegen der einfachen Bauweise, dem geringen Platzbedarf,
der hohen Betriebssicherheit sowie den daraus resultie-
renden geringen Betriebs- und Investitionskosten wird der
Zyklon in fast allen Industriezweigen eingesetzt. Der Haupt-
einsatzbereich des Zyklons liegt heute berwiegend in der
Heigas- und Hochdruckentstaubung sowie als Vorab-
scheider bei hohen Rohgasstaubgehalten oder als Endab-
scheider fr leicht abzuscheidende Stube.

Im Bereich der Mineralaufbereitung findet die Abscheidung
von staubfrmigem Gut aus Luft/Gas-Gemischen mittels
Zyklonapparaten in Kombination mit oder ohne Absetz-
kammern aufgrund hoher Abscheideleistung bei gleichzeitig
geringem Druckverlust als klassisches Ergnzungs- oder
Hilfsverfahren ebenfalls breite Anwendung. Meist wird die
Einsatzwahl direkt nach Zerkleinerungsvorgngen aus dem
Blickwinkel der Vorentstaubung zur Entlastung von Klassier-
bzw. Filterapparaten getroffen. Ein weiterer nicht unerheb-
licher Anwendungsfall stellt die Entfernung abrasiver Mine-
rale hinsichtlich Verschleischutz etwa von Rohrleitungen,
Geblsestationen oder auch von Mess- und Regeleinrichtun-
gen dar.


2 A TEC Zyklone mit hoher Abscheide-Effizienz
Die A TEC Zyklone mit hoher Abscheide-Effizienz, oder
auch engl. High Efficiency Cyclone (Bild 1), kurz A TEC-
HEC genannt, unterscheiden sich von anderen Zyklonen
hufig durch ihren vergleichsweise hohen Zylinderkrper.
Ein weiteres Merkmal ist die Form des Eintrittsquerschnittes.
Durch die Abschrgung werden Ablagerungen im
Eintrittskanal verhindert und dadurch lngerfristig definierte
Strmungszustnde am Eintritt gewhrleistet.
Lafarge Zement in Wssingen/Deutschland
Lafarge Cement at Wssingen/Germany
Lafarge Cement at
Wssingen/Germany
. A TEC
.
.
By : Dipl.-Ing Dr. Nat. Techn. Gerald Koglbauer, Dipl.-Ing. Dr.
Walter Gigacher A TEC Production & Services GmbH/ Austria
24
immediately downstream of the comminution
processes for the purpose of preliminary dedusting
so as to reduce the load on sizing or filtering
equipment. Another not unimportant application is
the removal of abrasive minerals in order to protect
pipelines, blower stations but also measurement and
control equipment against wear.
2 A TEC cyclones with high separation efficiency
A TEC cyclones with high separation efficiency or
High- Efficiency Cyclones (Fig. 1), A TEC-HEC
for short, frequently differ from other cyclones on
account of their comparatively high cylinder body.
Another feature is the form of the inlet cross-section.
The tapered form prevents the settling or caking
of material in the inlet channel and, as a result,
guarantees defined flow conditions at the inlet over
a longer period.
3 Guide vanes HURRIVANE

The function of the dip tube of a cyclone is best

described by the term vortex finder. It takes the
still rotating solidsladen gas and leads it out of
the cyclone. This results in highly unfavourable
fluidic conditions, which are reflected in the high
proportional pressure loss of the dip tube. Depending
on the loading degree, this can account for up to 90%
of the total pressure loss.
Guide vanes are used to reduce the pressure loss at
the dip tube. With their vanes, they trap the rotating
clean gas flow. This is followed by the formation of
a stabilized vortex tube in the centre of the cyclone,
which precesses more or less. The flow conditions
now generated result in an around 30% reduction in
the pressure loss at the dip tube.
A TEC has translated these findings into a patented
product, the HURRIVANE

(Fig. 2). It supplies

HURRIVANE

worldwide to customers as cost- and

time-efficient option for retrofitting to their cyclones.
The customers immediately notice a change in the
operating conditions, as a much reduced pressure loss
is noticeably reflected in the power consumption of
the gas conveying equipment. Classical applications
for HURRIVANE

are the upper stages in the

suspension heat exchangers. But also in mill circuits,
energy savings can be achieved with these special
dip tube guide vanes.
Naturally, the HURRIVANE

is particularly suitable
for installation in A TEC-HEC, as a result of which,
depending on the situation, separation and pressure
loss are both positively influenced.
4 HURRICLON

a special cyclone
As is widely known, a reduction in the pressure
loss with a constant separation rate can only be
1 A TEC High-Efficiency
Cyclone
3 Tauchrohrleitapparate HURRIVANE

Die Funktion des Tauchrohrs eines Zyklons wird am besten

durch seine englische Bezeichnung Vortex Finder
(Wirbel-Sucher/Finder) beschrieben. Es nimmt das sich
noch in Rotation befindliche, an Feststoff abgereicherte
Gas auf und fhrt es aus dem Zyklon ab. Dabei ergeben
sich sehr ungnstige strmungsmechanische Zustnde, wel-
che sich im hohen anteilsmigen Druckverlust des
Tauchrohres widerspiegeln. Dieser kann je nach Grad der
Beladung bis zu 90 % des Gesamtdruckverlustes des Zyklons
ausmachen.

Tauchrohrleitapparate dienen zur Reduktion des Druck-
verlustes am Tauchrohr. Durch ihre Leitschaufeln (engl.
vane) fangen sie die rotierende Reingas-Strmung ein.
In weiterer Folge bildet sich eine stabilisierte Wirbelrhre im
Zentrum des Zyklons aus, welche nur mehr wenig Przession
aufweist. Die nun vorherrschenden Strmungszustnde
bewirken eine Reduktion des Druckverlustes am Tauchrohr
von ca. 30 %.

Die Firma A TEC hat diese Erkenntnisse zu einem paten-
tierten Produkt umgesetzt, dem HURRIVANE

(Bild 2).
Sie bietet den HURRIVANE

weltweit Kunden als kosten-

und zeiteffiziente Mglichkeit zur Nachrstung ihrer
Anlagen an. Fr den Kunden ist eine nderung der Betriebs-
bedingungen sofort sprbar, da sich ein deutlich reduzierter
Druckverlust in den Leistungsaufnahmen der Gasfrder-
aggregate sprbar widerspiegelt. Klassische Anwendungsflle
fr HURRIVANE

sind die oberen Stufen bei Suspensions-

3 Guide vanes HURRIVANE

The function of the dip tube of a cyclone is best described

by the term vortex finder. It takes the still rotating solids-
laden gas and leads it out of the cyclone. This results in
highly unfavourable fluidic conditions, which are reflected in
the high proportional pressure loss of the dip tube. Depending
on the loading degree, this can account for up to 90 % of the
total pressure loss.

Guide vanes are used to reduce the pressure loss at the dip
tube. With their vanes, they trap the rotating clean gas flow.
This is followed by the formation of a stabilized vortex tube
in the centre of the cyclone, which precesses more or less.
The flow conditions now generated result in an around 30-
% reduction in the pressure loss at the dip tube.

A TEC has translated these findings into a patented product,
the HURRIVANE

(Fig. 2). It supplies HURRIVANE

worldwide to customers as cost- and time-efficient option
for retrofitting to their cyclones. The customers immediately
notice a change in the operating conditions, as a much
reduced pressure loss is noticeably reflected in the power
consumption of the gas conveying equipment. Classical
applications for HURRIVANE

are the upper stages in the

suspension heat exchangers. But also in mill circuits, energy
savings can be achieved with these special dip tube guide
vanes.

Naturally, the HURRIVANE

is particularly suitable for

installation in A TEC-HEC, as a result of which, depending
HURRIVANE

guide vane
2 Tauchrohrleitapparat HURRIVANE

A TEC High-Efficiency Cyclone
1 A TEC-High Efficiency Cyclone
2 HURRIVANE guide
vane
3 Tauchrohrleitapparate HURRIVANE

Die Funktion des Tauchrohrs eines Zyklons wird am besten

durch seine englische Bezeichnung Vortex Finder
(Wirbel-Sucher/Finder) beschrieben. Es nimmt das sich
noch in Rotation befindliche, an Feststoff abgereicherte
Gas auf und fhrt es aus dem Zyklon ab. Dabei ergeben
sich sehr ungnstige strmungsmechanische Zustnde, wel-
che sich im hohen anteilsmigen Druckverlust des
Tauchrohres widerspiegeln. Dieser kann je nach Grad der
Beladung bis zu 90 % des Gesamtdruckverlustes des Zyklons
ausmachen.

Tauchrohrleitapparate dienen zur Reduktion des Druck-
verlustes am Tauchrohr. Durch ihre Leitschaufeln (engl.
vane) fangen sie die rotierende Reingas-Strmung ein.
In weiterer Folge bildet sich eine stabilisierte Wirbelrhre im
Zentrum des Zyklons aus, welche nur mehr wenig Przession
aufweist. Die nun vorherrschenden Strmungszustnde
bewirken eine Reduktion des Druckverlustes am Tauchrohr
von ca. 30 %.

Die Firma A TEC hat diese Erkenntnisse zu einem paten-
tierten Produkt umgesetzt, dem HURRIVANE

(Bild 2).
Sie bietet den HURRIVANE

weltweit Kunden als kosten-

und zeiteffiziente Mglichkeit zur Nachrstung ihrer
Anlagen an. Fr den Kunden ist eine nderung der Betriebs-
bedingungen sofort sprbar, da sich ein deutlich reduzierter
Druckverlust in den Leistungsaufnahmen der Gasfrder-
aggregate sprbar widerspiegelt. Klassische Anwendungsflle
fr HURRIVANE

sind die oberen Stufen bei Suspensions-

3 Guide vanes HURRIVANE

The function of the dip tube of a cyclone is best described

by the term vortex finder. It takes the still rotating solids-
laden gas and leads it out of the cyclone. This results in
highly unfavourable fluidic conditions, which are reflected in
the high proportional pressure loss of the dip tube. Depending
on the loading degree, this can account for up to 90 % of the
total pressure loss.

Guide vanes are used to reduce the pressure loss at the dip
tube. With their vanes, they trap the rotating clean gas flow.
This is followed by the formation of a stabilized vortex tube
in the centre of the cyclone, which precesses more or less.
The flow conditions now generated result in an around 30-
% reduction in the pressure loss at the dip tube.

A TEC has translated these findings into a patented product,
the HURRIVANE

(Fig. 2). It supplies HURRIVANE

worldwide to customers as cost- and time-efficient option
for retrofitting to their cyclones. The customers immediately
notice a change in the operating conditions, as a much
reduced pressure loss is noticeably reflected in the power
consumption of the gas conveying equipment. Classical
applications for HURRIVANE

are the upper stages in the

suspension heat exchangers. But also in mill circuits, energy
savings can be achieved with these special dip tube guide
vanes.

Naturally, the HURRIVANE

is particularly suitable for

installation in A TEC-HEC, as a result of which, depending
HURRIVANE

guide vane
2 Tauchrohrleitapparat HURRIVANE

A TEC High-Efficiency Cyclone
1 A TEC-High Efficiency Cyclone
25
realized with the parallel connection of more
than one cyclone. A special design based on the
principle of parallel connection of two cyclones is
represented by the HURRICLON

(Fig. 3). In the

HURRICLON

, A TEC has succeeded in combining

the particular advantages of parallel connection with
the compactness of
a single cyclone.
Like a classical
cyclone, the
HURRI CL ON

has a spiral inlet,
a cylindrical top
section and a
conical bottom
section down to the
material discharge.
But in contrast to a
classical cyclone,
the HURRICLON

has two dip tubes
with openings lying
opposite. The upper
dip tube leaves the
HURRI CL ON

as in a classical
cyclone, whereas
the lower dip tube
is led down and exits the conical section from the
side. Only outside the cyclone are the two dip tubes
brought together again. To additionally stabilize the
flow conditions within the HURRICLON

, there are
two chiral HURRIVANES

are fitted at the openings

of the dip tubes.
The splitting of the volume flow inside the
HURRICLON

between two dip tubes reduces

the diameter by a factor of around 1.4. As a result,
providing the usual diameter ratio of dip tube to
cylinder casing, e.g. of 1:2, is maintained, a much
slimmer design is obtained. The smaller cylinder
casing diameter has an indirectly proportional effect
on the generated centrifugal forces, i.e. these increase
with decreasing cylindrical casing diameter. Besides
this crucial advantage in respect of the separation
rate, thanks to the stabilized flow achieved with
the HURRIVANE

, the HURRIVANE

exhibits a
comparatively low pressure loss, which, depending
on the specific model and application, can be up to
50 % lower than in a classical cyclone with the same
capacity.
5 Removing dust from process gas in the cement
pyroprocess
On account of the known weaknesses of the cyclones
in respect of the removal of very fine dusts, cyclones
are practically no longer used as the last dedusting unit
prior to the release of the gases into the environment.
But in contrast to this, thanks to its ruggedness and
cost efficiency, the cyclone is now indispensable a
separating unit in gas circulation processes. One of
these processes or its sub-processes is the cement
pyroprocess, which is explained in detail in the
following.
5.1 Phase separation in the suspension heat
exchanger
State of the art for pre-heating the raw meal in the
cement pyroprocess is the application of a suspension
heat exchanger (Fig. 4). The suspension heat
exchanger is based on a discontinuous counterflow
principle. For the process flow, this means that after
every gas-solids heat exchange in the suspension,
this is re-separated. Both the now cooler gas and the
warmer solids go in to the next stage opposite.
In this cascade of 4, 5 or 6 cyclone stages (Fig. 5),
the cyclones of the lower stages are mostly designed
for a minimum pressure loss. Only the cyclone or
Wrmetauschern. Aber auch bei Mhlenkreislufen knnen
durch diese speziellen Tauchrohrleitapparate energetische
Einsparungen erzielt werden.

Der HURRIVANE

eignet sich natrlich besonders fr den

Einbau in A TEC-HEC, wodurch situationsbedingt Abschei-
dung und Druckverlust gleichermaen positiv beeinflusst
werden knnen.
4 HURRICLON

ein besonderer Zyklon

Es ist bekannt, dass man eine Druckverlustabsenkung bei
gleichbleibender Abscheideleistung nur durch die parallele
Verschaltung mehrerer Zyklone bewerkstelligen kann. Eine
besondere Ausgestaltung des Prinzips der Parallelschaltung
zweier Zyklone ist die Bauweise des HURRICLON

(Bild 3). Beim HURRICLON

ist es gelungen, die beson-

deren Vorteile der Parallelschaltung mit jenen der Kompakt-
heit eines Einzelzyklons zu vereinen.

Der HURRICLON

verfgt wie ein klassischer Zyklon

ber einen Spiraleintritt, einen zylindrisches Oberteil und
ein konisches Unterteil hin zum Materialaustrag. Aber der
HURRICLON

verfgt im Gegensatz zu einem klassischen

Zyklon ber zwei Tauchrohre mit gegenber liegenden
Mndungen. Das obere Tauchrohr verlsst den
HURRICLON

wie bei einem klassischen Zyklon, wohin-

gegen das untere Tauchrohr nach unten gefhrt seitlich
aus dem Konus heraustritt. Erst auerhalb werden die beiden
Tauchrohre wieder zusammengefhrt. Um die Strmungs-
verhltnisse innerhalb des HURRICLON

noch zustzlich
zu stabilisieren, befinden sich an den Tauchrohrmndungen
zwei chirale HURRIVANE

.

Die Aufteilung des Volumenstromes innerhalb des
HURRICLON

auf zwei Tauchrohre verringert den

Durchmesser ca. um den Faktor 1,4. Dadurch ergibt sich bei
Einhaltung eines blichen Durchmesserverhltnis von
Tauchrohr zu Zylindermantel z. B. von 1 : 2 eine deutlich
schlankere Bauform. Der kleinere Zylindermanteldurchmes-
ser wirkt sich indirekt proportional auf die auftretenden
Zentrifugalkrfte aus; das heit sie erhhen sich bei sinken-
dem Zylindermanteldurchmesser. Neben diesem entschei-
denden Vorteil in Bezug auf die Abscheideleistung verfgt
der HURRICLON

aufgrund der mittels HURRIVANE

stabilisierten Strmung ber einen vergleichsweise geringen
Druckverlust, welcher je nach Bauform und Anwendungsfall
um bis zu 50 % geringer ausfallen kann als bei einem klas-
sischen Zyklon gleicher Leistung.


5 Prozessgasentstaubung im Zement-Pyroprozess
Aufgrund der bekannten Schwchen der Zyklone in Bezug
auf die Abscheidung von Feinststuben, wird der Einsatz von
Zyklonen als letztes Entstaubungsorgan vor der Freisetzung
der Gase in die Umwelt praktisch nicht mehr angewendet.
Aber gegenstzlich dazu ist der Zyklon aufgrund seiner
Robustheit und Kosteneffizienz als Trennapparat innerhalb
von Gas-(Kreis-)Prozessen nicht wegzudenken. Einer dieser
Prozesse bzw. dessen Teilprozesse, in welche nachfolgend
eingegangen wird ist der Zement-Pyroprozess.
on the situation, separation and pressure loss are both posi-
tively influenced.


4 HURRICLON

a special cyclone
As is widely known, a reduction in the pressure loss with a
constant separation rate can only be realized with the parallel
connection of more than one cyclone. A special design based
on the principle of parallel connection of two cyclones is
represented by the HURRICLON

(Fig. 3). In the

HURRICLON
,
A TEC has succeeded in combining the
particular advantages of parallel connection with the com-
pactness of a single cyclone.

Like a classical cyclone, the HURRICLON

has a spiral
inlet, a cylindrical top section and a conical bottom section
down to the material discharge. But in contrast to a classical
cyclone, the HURRICLON

has two dip tubes with open-

ings lying opposite. The upper dip tube leaves the
HURRICLON

as in a classical cyclone, whereas the lower

dip tube is led down and exits the conical section from the
side. Only outside the cyclone are the two dip tubes brought
together again. To additionally stabilize the flow conditions
within the HURRICLON

, there are two chiral

HURRIVANES

are fitted at the openings of the dip
tubes.

The splitting of the volume flow inside the HURRICLON

between two dip tubes reduces the diameter by a factor of
around 1.4. As a result, providing the usual diameter ratio of
Schematic showing a HURRICLON

3 Schema eines HURRICLON

3 Schematic showing a
HURRICLON
5.1 Phasentrennung im Suspensions-Wrmetauscher
Stand der Technik fr die Rohmehlvorwrmung im Zement-
Pyroprozess ist die Anwendung eines Suspensions-
Wrmetauschers (Bild 4). Dem Suspensions-Wrmetauscher
liegt ein diskontinuierliches Gegenstromprinzip zu Grunde.
Das bedeutet fr die Prozessfhrung, dass nach jedem Gas-
Feststoff-Wrmeaustausch in der Suspension, diese wieder
getrennt wird. Sowohl das nun khlere Gas und der nun
wrmere Feststoffe gehen in die entgegengesetzte nchste
Stufe.

In dieser Kaskade von 4, 5 oder 6 Zyklonstufen (Bild 5) wer-
den die Zyklone der unteren Stufen berwiegend auf einen
minimalen Druckverlust ausgelegt. Nur der Zyklon bzw. die
Zyklone der obersten Stufe sind in Richtung Abscheidung
optimiert. Der daraus resultierende Druckverlust dieser
Stufe, kann bis zu 30 % des Gesamtdruckverlustes des Wrme-
tauscherturmes betragen. Das stellt natrlich eine besondere
Herausforderung dar, da sich die Korngrenverteilung
durch die endliche Abscheidung der unteren Stufen signifi-
kant in Richtung des Feinstmaterialanteils verschiebt. Daher
ist in der obersten Stufe bei einem moderaten Druckverlust
trotz A TEC-HEC mit Abscheideleistungen von nur 93 %
zu rechnen. Fr die Zyklone der unteren Stufen liegen die
Abscheideleistungen zwischen 80 % und 90 %.

Zur Optimierung des Druckverlustes bei gleicher
Abscheideleistung wird der Einbau von HURRIVANE

empfohlen. Weiters ist auch der Einsatz von HURRICLON

dip tube to cylinder casing, e.g. of 1:2, is maintained, a much
slimmer design is obtained. The smaller cylinder casing
diameter has an indirectly proportional effect on the gener-
ated centrifugal forces, i.e. these increase with decreasing
cylindrical casing diameter. Besides this crucial advantage in
respect of the separation rate, thanks to the stabilized flow
achieved with the HURRIVANE

, the HURRICLON

exhibits a comparatively low pressure loss, which, depending
on the specific model and application, can be up to 50 %
lower than in a classical cyclone with the same capacity.


5 Removing dust from process gas
in the cement pyroprocess
On account of the known weaknesses of the cyclones in
respect of the removal of very fine dusts, cyclones are practi-
cally no longer used as the last dedusting unit prior to the
release of the gases into the environment. But in contrast to
this, thanks to its ruggedness and cost efficiency, the cyclone
is now indispensable a separating unit in gas circulation proc-
esses. One of these processes or its sub-processes is the
cement pyroprocess, which is explained in detail in the fol-
lowing.

5.1 Phase separation in the suspension heat exchanger
State of the art for pre-heating the raw meal in the cement
pyroprocess is the application of a suspension heat exchanger
(Fig. 4). The suspension heat exchanger is based on a discon-
tinuous counterflow principle. For the process flow, this
A TEC suspension heat exchanger at Lafarge Cement
4 A TEC Suspensions-Wrmetauscher bei Lafarge Zement
Schematic showing a cyclone cascade of a suspension heat
exchanger
5 Schema der Zyklonkaskade eines Suspensions-Wrmetauschers
26
cyclones
of the upper stage are optimized for separation. The
resulting pressure loss of this stage can account
for up to 30 % of the total pressure loss of the heat
exchanger tower. Naturally, this is a particular
challenge, as the particle size distribution is shifted
significantly in the direction of the ultrafine material
sizes by the separation at the end of the lower stages.
For that reason, in the top stage with a moderate
pressure loss, despite A TEC-HEC, separation rates
of only 93 % can be expected. For the cyclones of
the lower stages, the separation rates lie between 80
% and 90 %.
For optimization of the pressure loss with the same
separation rate, the installation of the HURRIVANE

is recommended. Further, the installation of a
HURRIVANE

as the final cyclone in the cascade

is one possibility for reducing the overall pressure
loss.
5.2 Clinker cooler waste gas dedusting
The application of grate coolers for the controlled
cooling of cement clinker after the kiln brings with it
a hot current of flue gas, which cannot be recirculated
into the pyroprocess, e.g. in the form of secondary
and tertiary air. The temperature of the this waste
gas flow ranges between 150 and 400C, i.e. at
temperatures which are ideally suitable for drying
and/or milling processes. Naturally, the waste gas
is laden with clinker dust when it exits the cooler.
The removal of this dust serves two purposes, first
recovery of the product and secondly the cleaning
of the waste air. The latter is intended to minimize
wear caused by clinker dust and contamination of
the product to be dried with clinker dust.
Depending on the type of waste air filter, preliminary
dedusting e.g. with a HURRIVANE

has various
effects on the downstream filters. If electrostatic
filter is used, then thanks to preliminary dust
removal, the specific electrical resistance of the
suspension and the filter rate increases or the power
input per filter surface area unit decreases. With a
cloth filter, it is particularly important to ensure the
temperature does not exceed 230C for long periods.
Particles entrained in the gas flow can, however,
have a much higher temperature. If these reach the
cloth in the filters, they damage it on account of the
sustained punctiform thermal load. In both cases, the
upstream HURRIVANE

removes these particles,

without burdening the air filter compressor with any
significantly higher pressure loss.
5.3 More complex cyclone/HURRIVANE
separation systems
It is known that the separation rate of a cyclone
depends essentially on the centrifugal and inertia
forces acting in it. These depend in turn on
geometrical and fludic factors. This explains why a
cyclone can only be optimally dimensioned for one
single operating state. Any deviating operating states
show an immediate effect on the pressure loss and
the separation rate. For example, a reduction of the
volume flow leads to the reduction of all velocity
vectors and therefore to a reduction of the pressure
loss but also a fall in the separation rate. But also the
change in the gas temperature has certain effects as
the density and viscosity of the gas and consequently
the particle suspension change.
Now, to remain permanently within the optimal
operating state for a given cyclone or HURRIVANE

geometry, A TEC uses a special circulation system. In
principle, a subflow of the clean gas is recirculated to
the cyclone or HURRIVANE

inlet when required.

5.1 Phasentrennung im Suspensions-Wrmetauscher
Stand der Technik fr die Rohmehlvorwrmung im Zement-
Pyroprozess ist die Anwendung eines Suspensions-
Wrmetauschers (Bild 4). Dem Suspensions-Wrmetauscher
liegt ein diskontinuierliches Gegenstromprinzip zu Grunde.
Das bedeutet fr die Prozessfhrung, dass nach jedem Gas-
Feststoff-Wrmeaustausch in der Suspension, diese wieder
getrennt wird. Sowohl das nun khlere Gas und der nun
wrmere Feststoffe gehen in die entgegengesetzte nchste
Stufe.

In dieser Kaskade von 4, 5 oder 6 Zyklonstufen (Bild 5) wer-
den die Zyklone der unteren Stufen berwiegend auf einen
minimalen Druckverlust ausgelegt. Nur der Zyklon bzw. die
Zyklone der obersten Stufe sind in Richtung Abscheidung
optimiert. Der daraus resultierende Druckverlust dieser
Stufe, kann bis zu 30 % des Gesamtdruckverlustes des Wrme-
tauscherturmes betragen. Das stellt natrlich eine besondere
Herausforderung dar, da sich die Korngrenverteilung
durch die endliche Abscheidung der unteren Stufen signifi-
kant in Richtung des Feinstmaterialanteils verschiebt. Daher
ist in der obersten Stufe bei einem moderaten Druckverlust
trotz A TEC-HEC mit Abscheideleistungen von nur 93 %
zu rechnen. Fr die Zyklone der unteren Stufen liegen die
Abscheideleistungen zwischen 80 % und 90 %.

Zur Optimierung des Druckverlustes bei gleicher
Abscheideleistung wird der Einbau von HURRIVANE

empfohlen. Weiters ist auch der Einsatz von HURRICLON

dip tube to cylinder casing, e.g. of 1:2, is maintained, a much
slimmer design is obtained. The smaller cylinder casing
diameter has an indirectly proportional effect on the gener-
ated centrifugal forces, i.e. these increase with decreasing
cylindrical casing diameter. Besides this crucial advantage in
respect of the separation rate, thanks to the stabilized flow
achieved with the HURRIVANE

, the HURRICLON

exhibits a comparatively low pressure loss, which, depending
on the specific model and application, can be up to 50 %
lower than in a classical cyclone with the same capacity.


5 Removing dust from process gas
in the cement pyroprocess
On account of the known weaknesses of the cyclones in
respect of the removal of very fine dusts, cyclones are practi-
cally no longer used as the last dedusting unit prior to the
release of the gases into the environment. But in contrast to
this, thanks to its ruggedness and cost efficiency, the cyclone
is now indispensable a separating unit in gas circulation proc-
esses. One of these processes or its sub-processes is the
cement pyroprocess, which is explained in detail in the fol-
lowing.

5.1 Phase separation in the suspension heat exchanger
State of the art for pre-heating the raw meal in the cement
pyroprocess is the application of a suspension heat exchanger
(Fig. 4). The suspension heat exchanger is based on a discon-
tinuous counterflow principle. For the process flow, this
A TEC suspension heat exchanger at Lafarge Cement
4 A TEC Suspensions-Wrmetauscher bei Lafarge Zement
Schematic showing a cyclone cascade of a suspension heat
exchanger
5 Schema der Zyklonkaskade eines Suspensions-Wrmetauschers
27 27
For controlled conveying of the volume of gas and
to overcome the pressure difference, another blower
is used. The almost constant volume flow generated
at the inlet guarantees acceptable flow conditions in
the cyclone and therefore a uniform pressure loss and
above all a uniform separation rate. Such systems
are used mainly in the dedusting of gases with low
loads, where separation is performed mainly in the
cyclone vortex by means of centrifugal forces. For
this reason, it is important to maintain the velocity
vectors. Especially since their directed contributions
go to the second power into the centrifugal forces,
which has an effect on the accelerated particles.
A TEC supplies such a system for the re-dedusting
of suspension heat exchanger flue gas of cement
pyrolines, which is used for drying and as a working
gas in fuel mills. This is system is supplied under
the name Opti-Coal

. Heat exchanger waste gas

is often used for fuel mills as it only contains low
quantities of oxygen and consists mainly of nitrogen
and carbon dioxide. But on account of the separation
at the end of the cyclones or /HURRIVANE

, this
gas is still loaded with fine particles that have passed
through the top cyclone stage of the suspension heat
exchanger. Removal by means of a filter system
would ensure effective dedusting, but besides the
immense investment costs, this would also result in
a comparatively high pressure loss. For this reason,
here the economically efficient Opti-Coal

system
is used. Core of the Opti-Coal

technology is the
HURRIVANE

, which thanks to its especially slim

shape enables high centrifugal forces in centrifugal
separation. In addition it exhibits a comparatively
low pressure loss, which as a positive effect on the
power consumption of the circulating air blower
on the one hand and the conveying blower on the
other. The separation rate averages 60 %, depending
on the load, sometimes even more than this. That is
independent on the actual volume flow as the speed
at the inlet to the HURRICLO is kept almost constant
by the circulation system (Fig. 6).
6 Design criteria
6.1 General design criteria
Depending on whether the design is drawn up for a
cyclone, e.g. A TEC-HEC, or a HURRIVANE

, key
operating data are necessary such as:
Gas volume flow
Entry load of the gas-solid suspension
Particle size distribution of the solids
Mean particle density of the solids
6Simplified flowsheet showing an Opti-Coal
system application
6.2 Special features in the design of the
HURRIVANE

The special feature of the HURRIVANE

with its
two dip tubes has an effect on its design. On account
of the smaller cylinder diameter, the outer (spiral
inlet) and the inner circumferential speed are higher
by a factor of 1.1 to 1.25 than in a traditional cyclone
with the same volume rate.
It has been repeatedly proven (G.Staudinger, J.
Keuschnigg, and M. Klupak, TU Graz & VA-Krems,
1991) that for a cyclone with a central cylinder, which
corresponds to the geometry of a HURRIVANE

,
the usual calculation methods for ui, pi and d* are
not applicable. For this reason, the design of the
HURRIVANE

is only roughly based on the common

cyclone design methods (e.g. VDI). With protracted
tests, the individual values for pressure loss and the
fraction separation efficiencies were determined
empirically, from which semi-empirical correction
terms were derived. Without these correction
terms, it is not possible to calculate the pressure
loss and separation rate of a HURRIVANE

.
und vor allem Abscheideleistung. Der Einsatz eines solchen
Systems erfolgt zumeist bei der Entstaubung niedrig bela-
dener Gase, wo vorwiegend die Abscheidung im Zyklonwirbel
mittels Fliehkrfte erfolgt. Daher ist hier die Erhaltung der
Geschwindigkeitsvektoren ganz wesentlich. Zumal gehen
deren gerichtete Beitrge zur 2. Potenz in die Zentrifugalkrfte
ein, welche auf die beschleunigten Teilchen wirken.

A TEC bietet ein derartiges System fr die Nachentstaubung
von Suspensions-Wrmetauscherabgas von Zementpyrolinien
an, welches fr die Trocknung und als Arbeitsgas bei
Brennstoffmhlen verwendet wird. Dieses System wird unter
dem Namen Opti-Coal

vertrieben. Man verwendet

Wrmetauscherabgas gerne fr Brennstoffmhlen, da es nur
geringe Mengen an Sauerstoff enthlt und sonst berwie-
gend aus Stickstoff und Kohlendioxid besteht. Aber dieses
Gas ist aufgrund der endlichen Abscheidung der Zyklone
bzw. HURRICLON

immer noch mit Feinpartikel beladen,

welche die oberste Zyklonstufe des Suspensionswrmetauscher
passiert haben. Die Entfernung mittels Filtersystemen brch-
te zwar eine gute Entstaubung, aber neben immensen
Investitionskosten einen vergleichsweise hohen Druckverlust
mit sich. Daher wird hier blicherweise das wirtschaftlich
arbeitende Opti-Coal

-System eingesetzt. Kern der Opti-

Coal

Technologie ist der HURRICLON

, welcher auf-
grund seiner besonders schlanken Geometrie hohe
Zentrifugalkrfte in der Fliehkraftabscheidung ermglicht.
Zudem verfgt er ber einen vergleichsweise geringen
Druckverlust, was sich gnstig auf die Leistungsaufnahme
einerseits des Umluftgeblses und andererseits auf des
Frdergeblses auswirkt. Die Abscheideleistung betrgt im
Schnitt 60 %, abhngig von der Beladung auch darber. Das
ist unabhngig vom tatschlichen Volumenstrom, da die
Geschwindigkeit am Eintritt des HURRICLON

durch das
Kreislaufsystem nahezu konstant gehalten wird (Bild 6).


6 Auslegungskriterien
6.1 Allgemeine Auslegungskriterien
Unabhngig davon, ob eine Auslegung fr einen Zyklon,
z.B. A TEC-HEC, oder einen HURRICLON

erfolgt, sind
die wesentlichen Betriebsdaten erforderlich wie:

Gasvolumenstrom
Eintrittsbeladung der Gas-Feststoff-Suspension
Korngrenverteilung des Feststoffes
Mittlere Partikeldichte des Feststoffes
leads to the reduction of all velocity vectors and therefore to
a reduction of the pressure loss but also a fall in the separa-
tion rate. But also the change in the gas temperature has
certain effects as the density and viscosity of the gas and
consequently the particle suspension change.

Now, to remain permanently within the optimal operating
state for a given cyclone or HURRICLON

geometry,
A TEC uses a special circulation system. In principle, a sub-
flow of the clean gas is recirculated to the cyclone or
HURRICLON

inlet when required. For controlled con-

veying of the volume of gas and to overcome the pressure
difference, another blower is used. The almost constant vol-
ume flow generated at the inlet guarantees acceptable flow
conditions in the cyclone and therefore a uniform pressure
loss and above all a uniform separation rate. Such systems
are used mainly in the dedusting of gases with low loads,
where separation is performed mainly in the cyclone vortex
by means of centrifugal forces. For this reason, it is impor-
tant to maintain the velocity vectors. Especially since their
directed contributions go to the second power into the
centrifugal forces, which has an effect on the accelerated
particles.

A TEC supplies such a system for the re-dedusting of sus-
pension heat exchanger flue gas of cement pyrolines, which
is used for drying and as a working gas in fuel mills. This is
system is supplied under the name Opti-Coal

. Heat
exchanger waste gas is often used for fuel mills as it only
contains low quantities of oxygen and consists mainly of
nitrogen and carbon dioxide. But on account of the separa-
tion at the end of the cyclones or /HURRICLON

, this gas
is still loaded with fine particles that have passed through the
top cyclone stage of the suspension heat exchanger. Removal
by means of a filter system would ensure effective dedusting,
but besides the immense investment costs, this would also
result in a comparatively high pressure loss. For this reason,
here the economically efficient Opti-Coal

system is used.
Core of the Opti-Coal

technology is the HURRICLON

,
which thanks to its especially slim shape enables high cen-
trifugal forces in centrifugal separation. In addition it exhib-
its a comparatively low pressure loss, which as a positive
effect on the power consumption of the circulating air
blower on the one hand and the conveying blower on the
other. The separation rate averages 60 %, depending on the
load, sometimes even more than this. That is independent on
the actual volume flow as the speed at the inlet to the
HURRICLON

is kept almost constant by the circulation

system (Fig. 6).


6 Design criteria
6.1 General design criteria
Depending on whether the design is drawn up for a cyclone,
e.g. A TEC-HEC, or a HURRICLON

, key operating data

are necessary such as:

Gas volume flow
Entry load of the gas-solid suspension
Particle size distribution of the solids
Mean particle density of the solids
Simplified flowsheet showing an Opti-Coal

system application
6 Vereinfachtes Fliebild einer Opti-Coal

-System-Anwendung
28 28
The transition from modernisation of an existing
dust removal installation to a new installation is
fluent. A modernisation can be so extensive that,
apart from essential basic components - such as
the filter housing - all components are new and the
operator of the cement plant essentially disposes of
a completely new installation. The fact that the costs
for modernising a plant is usually much lower than
those for investing in a new one, indicates that there
are greater opportunities for modernisation in the
current climate of austerity programs.
When it comes to determining the most suitable
modernisation concept for dust removal processes in
the cement manufacturing industry, it is necessary
to take into account all the boundary conditions
and choose the variant which will best fulfil all the
different aims. Each concept is primarily developed
based on a thorough evaluation of the situation. In
this process, the cooperation between plant operator,
plant engineer and filter specialist is essential. Which
of the dust removal supplier's solutions best fulfil the
aims of the plant operator is determined together.
Decision-making for modernisation projects
For both new installations and modernisations,
cement plant operators tend to opt for modern bag
filter technology. A higher precipitation level and
insensitivity to fluctuations in the gas volume, dust
load and dust particle size constitute the triumphant
success of high-performance bag filters. Where
alternative fuels are used and strict regulations by
authorities are in place, electrostatic precipitators are
not able to adhere to emissions values. Especially
with regard to residual dust content, the superior
technology of bag filters has long since cancelled out
the benefits of electrostatic precipitators.
Intensiv-Filter has proven, with a series of
successful modernisation concepts, that conversions
to bag filters meet the expectations of cement plant
operators. With the Intensiv-Filter concept virtually
any electrostatic precipitator can be converted to a
bag filter. The typical conversion is carried out in
several steps:
* Removal of the high voltage power supply
as well as the interior equipment of the
electrostatic precipitator until just the
By: Dipl.-Ing Ralf Esser, Astrid Kgel, Dipl.-Ing. Theo Schrooten,
Klaus Hansper Intensiv-Filter GmbH & Co. KG/ Germany
.

.
. Intensiv-Filter
29
exterior walls remain
* Installation of the baffle plates, filter head
modules, partitions and clean gas channels
* Installation of a weather-proof casing
(penthouse) if necessary
* If necessary modification work on the ducts
as well as on the dust transport system
* Installation of the maintenance doors,
gangways and ladders
* Installation of the filter elements
* Installation of the cleaning system
With conversion concepts, the question often arises
as to whether the new clean gas area should be
placed in the interior of the existing electrostatic
precipitator housing or on top of it. This decision is
tied to the amount of gas to be filtered, the size of the
existing electrostatic precipitator installation and the
maximum length of the filter bags.
The installation downtime is of particular significance
for modernisation projects. The time requirement
depends, like the whole conversion project, on each
individual situation. To experience no surprises
during and after the changeover phase, nothing must
be left to chance. Detailed plans which are supported
by CFD simulations in advance are standard
procedure at Intensiv-Filter. With such planning,
the conversion can take place during the regular
downtimes; unscheduled downtime is not necessary.
Intensiv-Filter has successfully performed numerous
conversions in the regular winter downtime.
Fig. 1: Pre-assembled filter head modules inside ESP
housing and upper housing used as penthouse
Fig. 2: Pre-assembled filter head modules (incl. new
penthouse) on top of ESP housing
Fig. 3: Pre-assembled casing on top of existing ESP
hoppers
Realized modernisation concepts
Each conversion has its own prerequisites and
requires a tailor-made concept. From the variety
of modernizations that have been carried out by
Intensiv-Filter, three examples with different
requirements and design solutions are presented.
Project I
A typical case is the upgrading to a bag filter for
the kiln / raw mill dedusting at Deuna Zement
GmbH, Germany. Besides the continuing use of the
existing electrostatic precipitator housing to a large
extend, the aim of the upgrade was to realise a filter
surface load of 1.0 m/m/h. Unlike conventional
electrostatic precipitator conversions, the raw gas
chamber was fitted entirely with bags. Due to the
spatial restrictions, both the raw gas inlet and the
bag inflow had to be optimized. To achieve this,
a lamella system specially developed by Intensiv-
Filter was used. Besides reducing inflow speed,
this solution made it possible to achieve uniform
distribution of the volume flow to the bag packages.
30
The measures were validated using extensive flow simulations for the different optimisation variants. The
high-efficient Intensiv-Filter cleaning system is supported by the consequential reduction of the upward flow
between the bags. Further advantages of the flow optimisation include a significant reduction of the filter
resistance and the operating costs associated with this. In addition to this, the dust loss was promoted due to
uniformly velocity distribution throughout the raw gas chamber.
The roof was removed from the existing electrostatic precipitator housing and Intensiv-Filter head modules
known as compartments were welded on. The compartments were then insulated on the clean-gas-side
and equipped with pneumatic shut-off valves which are activated automatically as well as being externally
accessible for maintenance purposes. The clean gas side of the filter was connected at each side to the
existing clean gas duct work and the filter fan. Access is via the remaining, upper section of the electrostatic
precipitator housing - a penthouse design with a weatherproof roof. The existing electrostatic precipitator
outlet was removed and then sealed with a new insulated housing wall. There was no need to convert the dust
discharge system.
As part of the regular winter
downtime, approx. 130 t
of electrostatic precipitator
materials were dismantled
and scrapped after which
the prefabricated bag filter
components were fitted - an
operation which caused quite a
stir. After a total of six weeks of
assembly and commissioning
work, the new filter was put
into operation.
Fig. 4: Deuna modernisation project
Table 1: Design data Deuna Zement


Dust removal kiln / raw mill
Original ESP Elex
Needed time for conversion 6 weeks
Gas volume 550.000 m/h a.c.
Temperature 110 - 240 C
Raw gas dust content 60-80 g/m
Residual dust content < 8 mg/m n.c.
Cleaning mode semi-offline
Cleaning pressure 0.15-0.35 MPa
Compressed air consumption 122 m
3
/h n.c.
Filter surface area ca. 9,300 m
2

Length filter bags 8,000 mm
Filter material PTFE glass fibre
Pressure loss 12 hPa
Table 1: Design data Deuna Zement

Project II
At the Dyckerhoff Group's cement plant in Nowiny, Poland, the electrostatic
precipitators for kiln/raw mill lines 1 and 2 were replaced with efficient Intensiv-Filter
bag filters. The reasons for the modernisation were the high emission values of the
electrostatic precipitator technology which was in use and the desire to profit from the
advantages of bag filter installations. With emission values of 50 mg/m n.c. and more
in peak for the dedusting of the kiln exhaust gases of two raw mills, the performance
threshold of the electrostatic precipitators had been reached. Further increase in
volume flow were inevitable impossible with the existing technology, making an
upgrade imperative. Intensiv-Filter was given the task of coming up with suitable
solutions. In 2003 Dyckerhoff Polska at that point still known as Cementownia
Nowiny commissioned Intensiv-Filter with the conversion. In a first step the
electrostatic precipitator for raw mill line 2 had to be retrofitted. The commissioning
already was in 2004. When the contract was awarded for converting line 2, the
operator and Intensiv-Filter already agreed on the upgrade for kiln line 1. The switch-
over to the new bag filter for line 1 took place a few months ago.
Page 6 of 11

31
Project II
At the Dyckerhoff Group's cement plant in Nowiny,
Poland, the electrostatic precipitators for kiln/
raw mill lines 1 and 2 were replaced with efficient
Intensiv-Filter bag filters. The reasons for the
modernisation were the high emission values of the
electrostatic precipitator technology which was in
use and the desire to profit from the advantages of
bag filter installations. With emission values of 50
mg/m n.c. and more in peak for the dedusting of the
kiln exhaust gases of two raw mills, the performance
threshold of the electrostatic precipitators had been
reached. Further increase in volume flow were
inevitable impossible with the existing technology,
making an upgrade imperative. Intensiv-Filter was
given the task of coming up with suitable solutions.
In 2003 Dyckerhoff Polska at that point still
known as Cementownia Nowiny commissioned
Intensiv-Filter with the conversion. In a first step the
electrostatic precipitator for raw mill line 2 had to be
retrofitted. The commissioning already was in 2004.
When the contract was awarded for converting line
2, the operator and Intensiv-Filter already agreed on
the upgrade for kiln line 1. The switch-over to the
new bag filter for line 1 took place a few months
ago.
When designing the new bag filter for dust removal
of kiln line 2, a cost-effective option with the further
use of the old electrostatic precipitator housing, the
dust collection hopper and the dust discharge system
was chosen. The roof of the electrostatic precipitator
housing and the interior were removed. In order to
mount the filter heads, a new frame construction was
welded into the interior of the housing shell.
Since the existing gas conditioning tower could
maintain an operating temperature of 120C, high-
temperature-resistant filter materials were not
necessary and a tried and tested polyacrylnitrile
material was chosen. To protect the filter material
from possible damage due to temperatures resulting
from operating malfunctions prior to the bag filter,
a decision was made to use additional air dilution
dampers. This ensured a safe temperature within
the filtering installation. Further important details
related to the design are shown in Table 2.
The down-time for the modernisation of kiln line 1
was 10 weeks - just under 2 weeks for the removal
of the internal components and 8 weeks for the
actual conversion. The technical requirements
of line 2 formed the basis for the second filtering
installation. However, the bag length was increased
to 8 m. Consequently the cleaning for line 1 could
be even further increased. As with line 2, the design
was laid out for an operating temperature of 120
C, which was likewise achieved by the existing
gas conditioning towers. In this case too, there was
no need for high-temperature resistant filter media.
In addition to this change compared to the first
implemented retrofit, the duct work was enlarged,
fresh air cooling expanded and the capacity of the
ventilator increased. For this installation too, the bag
filter, the dust transport system
and bunker were integrated
into the housing of the former
electrostatic precipitator.
Therefore considerable
savings on conversion costs
could be achieved once more.
Fig. 5: Nowiny modernisation
project
32
Table 2: Design data Geseke

Project III
In 2007, the electrostatic precipitator in the Dyckerhoff Group's Geseke plant was replaced with a high-
performing, energy-efficient bag filter. The existing electrostatic precipitator located after the rotary kiln
was not surely able to comply with the legally specified limits. In addition to the optimised procedure
for reducing dust emissions, Intensiv-Filter also implemented a cost-effective option. In the place where
the old electrostatic precipitator was located, a completely new housing was attached to the existing dust
collection hopper. All the existing dust transportation systems could be further used. The conversion time
was kept to a minimum using prefabricated modules and a pre-assembled filter housing. Within the space of
five weeks during downtime that had already been scheduled, the equipment was installed, connected and
commissioned.
The characteristics of the bag filter used are distinguished by the following key figures:
* Cleaning at low pressure and in a semi-offline procedure
* Glass bags with PTFE membrane measuring 7 m in length
* Cleaning control system with the JetBus Controller

The filter bags are cleaned by a periodic compressed air pulse at pressures of 0.15 to 3.5 MPa, depending on
the filter differential pressure. In the Dyckerhoff cement plant at Geseke, a customized nozzle system from
Intensiv-Filter was used. This significantly improved the cleaning effectiveness. The Intensiv-Filter nozzle
system cleans the filter bags ideally and economically, thereby protecting the filter media.
Due to the high efficiency of the nozzle injector and by adjusting the cycle time or the cleaning pre-pressure
using the JetBus Controller

, the compressed air consumption could be significantly reduced and major

savings were achieved.











Fig. 5: Nowiny modernisation project

Dust removal kiln- / raw
mill line 2
Dust removal kiln- / raw
mill line 1
Original ESP Elwo (licensed construction
of Lurgi, BS 672)
Elwo (licensed construction
of Lurgi, BS 672)
Intensiv-Filter bag filter IFJEN 85/18-6000 DKS IFJCN 85/18-8000 DKS
Needed time for conversion 7 weeks 10 weeks
Gas volume 270,000 m
3
/h 430,000 m
3
/h
Temperature 120 C 120 C
Raw gas dust content 40 g/m
3
40 g/m
3

Guaranteed residual dust content 10 mg/m
3
n.c. 10 mg/m
3
n.c.
cleaning mode offline offline
Cleaning pressure ~ 0.3 Ma ~ 0.3 Ma
Compressed air consumption 54 m
3
/h n.c. 72 m
3
/h n.c.
Filter surface area ~4,800 m
2
~ 6,400 m
2

Length filter bags 6,000 mm 8,000 mm
Filter material PAN PAN
Pressure loss 13 hPa < 10 hPa
Table 2: Design data Geseke
Page 8 of 11

33



Fig. 6: Geseke modernisation project

Dust removal kiln- / raw mill
Original ESP KHD, Deutschland
Intensiv-Filter bag filter IF JCN 85/13 7000 Eco
Needed time for conversion 5 weeks
Gas volume < 240,000 m/h
Temperature < 230 C
Raw gas dust content 100 g/m
3

Guaranteed residual dust content < 10 mg/m n.c.
cleaning mode semi-offline
Cleaning pressure ~ 0.25 MPa
Compressed air consumption < 45 m/h n.c.
Filter surface area 4,010 m
Length filter bags 7,000 mm
Filter material PTFE glass fibre
Pressure loss < 10 -11 hPA
Table 3: Design data Geseke

Page 10 of 11

Fig. 6: Geseke modernisation project
Table 3: Design data Geseke
34
Conclusion
The realisation of modernisation projects requires both an understanding of the manufacturing process and
a high level of experience in the field of dust removal. Thus it is necessary that the plant engineer deals
also regarding small projects with all the detailed questions and the challenges they bring, finds a
solution and ensures a dialogue between all points of contact. This is in addition to a high degree of expertise
and experience, a great interest in the individual project and a high level of motivation with regard to the
customer. Such a commitment reflects therefore a particular service readiness, which is necessary to the
successful outcome of modernisation projects.
The modern design variants described for the cement plants in Deuna, Nowiny and Geseke are prime
examples of conversion and modernisation projects of Intensiv-Filter. On the basis of the specific customer
conditions, each filtering installation represents a complex waste gas cleaning installation in which process
engineering solutions are required and implemented. In order to design the gas cleaning installations and to
realise the optimum solution, it is essential to be familiar with the details of each procedure and to specify
the parameters in consultation with the operator. The planning of a gas cleaning installation for a specific
requirement is only possible when all the facts are known that are relevant to the measurements, operating
methods and selected materials. When implementing the set tasks, Intensiv-Filter combines the expertise
with the will to provide the optimum solution to the customer and therefore could successfully implement
so many modernisation projects.
35
By : Sanwar M. Mishra / India
. % 40

. . 42.5
Introduction:
Energy conservation and energy efficiency have
become the essential requirement of the electrical
power system. Today, the power system is viewed
as a unit adding CO2 to the atmosphere, causing
pollution to the global environment. Working on the
thumb rule of power saved is power produced,
the importance of energy conservation and energy
efficiency is enhanced. With a purpose to reinforce
the institutional development in this field, the
government of the country should enact the energy
conservation regulation with a charter of demand for
the consumer. It should aim at promoting energy-
governance, so that the major users of electricity
should step up measures to control and conserve
power.
The concept of power conservation implies that the
magnitude of avoidable energy loss in the power
application areas is equivalent to extra generation
of power. Action on elimination of this power loss
means adding extra generation capacity to the system
or saving this extra investment. It is with this spirit
of commitment that an energy conservation drive
is programmed. The area of conservation relates to
the major users of electricity. With the expansion
of power generation capacity the avoidable power
leakage and losses should not be allowed to rise
proportionately.
Main divisions of the power system are generation,
transmission, distribution and utilization of electrical
energy. An analysis of the power system indicates
that among others, distribution and utilization
account for about 75% of the total cases of failure. At
each of these divisions energy leakage/loss occurs.
Reduction and control of this loss in itself adds to
the generation capacity. The aim of an efficient and
effective system is to control the avoidable losses
and optimize the load conditions of power demand.
Hence, power generation should conform to the
demand load and to the specifications laid down for
the supply system. A departure from these parameters
can cause energy losses.
Power Quality:
At the power generation stage, it is important to
focus on the quality of power. It is described by the
following parameters under the international IEC
standard.
* Voltage
* Power factor
* Frequency
* Harmonic distortion
Voltage:
Under the situation, the prevailing voltage variations
in the power supply system are caused by the
transmission and distribution of power; whereas,
within a network, these variations are produced by
the connected load characteristics i.e. reactance.
Voltage drop means more current flowing and
consequently higher copper losses of the network.
36
For example, a 20 % voltage drop amounts to 56 %
losses. Hence the supply voltage variation should
not exceed 4- 5%. It should be closely maintained in
accordance to the recommended voltage marked on
the nameplate of the motor. Voltage variation within
phases should be controlled to 1%. Phase imbalances
must be regulated within tolerance limits; otherwise,
it gives rise to winding temperature.
Power factor:
It is the ratio of active energy to apparent energy.
Ideal power factor is unity. Lower power factor
means higher energy consumption and is followed
by a voltage drop indicating the nature of connected
load. Power factor should be maintained as high
as possible. Use of capacitor bank is advisable for
improving the same. Capacitor should have low
losses, long life, high over-current capability and
improved heat dissipation feature.
Frequency:
It is caused by the fluctuations in the load level of the
supply system. A heavily loaded system will reduce
the frequency of the power supply. It adversely
affects the system parameters. It calls for a control
on the power supply system.
Harmonic Distortion:
Non-linear load causes harmonic currents. It is
like polluting the network or pollution of the grid
produced by an unscrupulous consumer. Harmonic
distortion impacts higher energy consumption
of the connected load. Electrical equipment like,
transformers, motors etc. record higher iron and
copper losses in proportion to the power of the
frequency i.e. 5th, 7th harmonic and so on. Higher
temperature in the core promotes fast aging of the
protective insulation ending in premature failure of
the equipment. Harmonic distortions can cause rise
in motor temperature.
Electric Motors:
Electric motors, in a way are the largest consumers
of electricity. Power to the motor is made up of
two components; one is the effective and useful net
power that is available for the process and the other
component of power accounts for the losses (iron
and copper) as a result of conversion from electrical
input to mechanical output.
It is observed that single-phase fractional horsepower
and 3-phase induction motors are widely used in
industry, which are designed to run at constant
speed. They constitute a substantial part of the
connected load to the power supply system. The
3-phase AC induction motor is designed to perform
optimally in the range of 60 to 100 % efficiency,
which is linked to the rated capacity and the nature
of the connected load. The load can be a resistance,
capacitance and inductance or a combination of the
same. For example a motor running at less than
50% of the rated capacity will unduly downplay the
power factor, which in turn will increase the load on
the supply system. Motor efficiency accounts for
15 to 20% of the total savings on electrical energy;
whereas the remaining 80% relate to the process
load conditions.
Unlike 3-phase, single-phase induction motors
generally run at 20 30% efficiency. They are
employed for household use, e.g. motors for ceiling,
table, exhaust fans etc. More efficient motors of
pump and blower run at 60 to 70 % efficiency.
The number of such motors is very large. A small
improvement in efficiency can yield large savings
in energy. These motors are constant speed drive;
they cannot be energy efficient unless adjustable
speed drive (ASD) is used; as it is not easy to vary
the supply voltage and the frequency so easily. But
the use of ASD-motors introduces harmonics in the
power system and thus pollutes the power quality.
Besides the AC-variable frequency drive (VFD), DC
brush less Drive (BLDC) motors are fast replacing
the constant speed induction motors in the single-
phase category.
All 3-phase AC induction motors run at constant
speed. To meet the changing load demand, some
mechanical resistance is applied. For example,
motor driving a centrifugal fan and a pump use a
damper and a throttle valve respectively to control
the flow of air and fluid for the changing process
requirements. The action of the damper and the
throttle valve resists the flow. It does not reduce the
speed of the motor. The resistive action wastes the
power, thereby reducing the energy efficiency of the
power system. Instead, a Variable Frequency Drive
(VFD) motor will reduce the motor speed to suit the
process load requirement, eliminating the use of any
damper or throttle valve. In this way, the VFD does
not resist the flow; it achieves the desired condition
by simply reducing the speed, thus it saves power
and enhances the energy efficiency of the system.
Power saving approximates to 25 40 %, which is a
substantial saving.
The relationship between the speed and the power is
that power is proportional to the cube of the speed
(P oc cube of N). For example, at full flow of air/
fluid, the motor speed is 100 % and it consumes 100
% power. At 90 % flow, the motor speed is reduced
to 90 %, but the energy consumed is 73 % only. It
means that a small reduction in speed makes a large
reduction in power consumption.
37
For speed reduction low voltage e.g. 415 V/690V
and medium voltage - 2.3KV, 3.3KV, 6.6KV AC
VFD motors are available. Current trends are for
the application of power transistors for motor speed
reduction. For example, HV IGBT (Insulated Gate
Bipolar Transistor) feeds the motor with Pulse Width
Modulated, which is harmonic-free current and
makes it an energy-efficient solution.
Some tips for improving motor efficiency:
* If the motor is running at a small load,
then convert the supply to Star from Delta
connection. This will improve the motor
efficiency
* Examine and if found necessary, change
the existing motor winding to more energy
efficient motor.
* If the motor is required to run at a variable
load, which is higher for the normal operation
of the motor, then change over to Variable
Frequency Drive (VFD). It will save on
energy. VFD is a microprocessor based
electronic drive; it is specially programmed
to regulate the speed.
Advantages:
The aforesaid suggested solutions help achieve the
following.
* Promotes energy conservation-
* Reduces iron and copper losses
* Prevents harmonic distortions
* Improves motor efficiency and energy
efficiency
* Enhances motor life
Protective System:
A reliable electrical distribution and utilization
network depends on an effective protection system.
The protection system should be such that it
safeguards the equipment against an overload current
to pass through the network by disconnecting it from
the disruptive situations. For this purpose, relays,
circuit breakers etc are employed.
Various types of protective relays are used for
automatic protection in response to load changes.
The purpose of operating a relay is to trip the circuit
breaker; it isolates the network and saves from the
risk of damage. One relay can not protect against all
types of hazards.
Some of the equipment protected against the risk of
damage is described as follows
Motor protection against the following risks:
* Thermal overload, short-circuit current,
earth fault etc.
* Single phasing/unbalancing
* Starting problem/ locked rotor
Transformer protection against following
risks:
* Differential protection for multi-phase
faults
* Restricted earth fault
* Over-fluxing protection
* Over-current and earth leakage
Circuit Breakers:
The oldest device was a manually operated knife-
switch, which isolates the circuit. Then, came the
switch fuse unit. It blows off upon the incidence of a
fault, but requires replacement. Now, various types
of circuit breakers are in use to meet the requirements
of a particular situation., given as follows.
Low Voltage (LV) Circuit Breakers:
* Miniature Circuit Breaker - MCB
* Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker ELCB
* Molded Case Circuit Breaker MCCB
* Air Circuit Breaker ACB
Medium and High Voltage Circuit Breaker:
* Oil Circuit Breaker OCB
* Air Blast Circuit Breaker ABCB
* Vacuum Circuit Breaker VCB
* Gas Circuit Breaker GCB
Currently, modern microprocessor based relays
are available for providing total protection against
generators, motors, transformers etc.
Power System Activity Diagram:
Following exhibit marks the route of energy flow,
starting from power generation
to the point of energy utilization. At each of these
stages, measures are suggested for improving the
conservation of power and achievement of energy
efficiency.
38
Review of the Electrical System Losses:
Losses related to power generation, transmission and distribution
Mechanical losses of the rotating equipment
Losses caused by the failure of the protective relays and switchgear
Corona losses in EHV voltage levels
Miscellaneous other losses e.g. poor earthing, overloading etc.
Steps to Reduce Losses:
Use of photoelectric or light dependent resistors (LDR) for indoor and outdoor lighting controls.
Providing line post sensors in HT (High Tension) and LT (Low Tension) lines for fault detection
Installation of load flow controllers with static transfer switches.
By using computer aided software e.g. SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System),
energy management software etc.
Power Consumption Profile of A Cement Plant:
Cement manufacturing is a power-intensive process, where about 40 % of the cost is spent on energy. It
offers a great potential for conservation by introducing energy audit. The specific power consumption in
kwh/ton (metric) available from UNIDO for 42.5-grade cement can be used as a norm for benchmarking.
Descr i pt i on of Act i v i t y Act i vi t y Fl ow I mpr ov ement


Power Generation - Maintain power quality
& - Reduce transmission loss
Transmission
Phases of power delivery

Distribution -Provide protective
& switch-gear
Utilization - Reduce distribution
loss

Application Large Consumers -Improve motor efficiency
of -Reduce energy loss
Electricity -Improve motor life




Constant speed 3-phase AC Induction motor Single-phase
drive AC FHP motors


Speed Reduction Variable Frequency Drive(VFD) Adjustable Speed
Drive (ASD)/VFD


Current trends MV and HV- IGBT BLDCinverter-drive
in speed reduction (Brush less DC)

Rev i ew of t he El ect r i cal Sy st em Losses:
x Losses related to power generation, transmission and distribution
x Mechanical losses of the rotating equipment
x Losses caused by the failure of the protective relays and switchgear
x Corona losses in EHV voltage levels
x Miscellaneous other losses e.g. poor earthing, overloading etc.

St eps t o Reduce Losses:
x Use of photoelectric or light dependent resistors (LDR) for indoor and outdoor lighting
controls.
x Providing line post sensors in HT (High Tension) and LT (Low Tension) lines for fault
detection
x Installation of load flow controllers with static transfer switches.
x By using computer aided software e.g. SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition System), energy management software etc.
5
39
In order to meet these figures of specific power consumption and to make efforts for the energy
conservation program, the suggested areas of action are summarized as follows.
* To interlock the crusher auxiliaries to minimize idle running
* To introduce closed circuit grinding, using high efficiency separators in grinding mills
* To use variable speed drive motor e.g. VFDs (variable fan drive) for fans in pre-heater, ESP, Cooler
etc. and to eliminate the use of damper control, where possible.
* To replace compressed air by mechanical conveying for transport of cement to silo.
* To use elevator for kiln feed transport in place of air-lift
* To use blowers for packing department in place of compressors
* To use roll- press prior to cement grinding mill. It saves 10- 15 % power.
* A vertical roller mill consumes about 30 % less power than the ball mill; it can be employed for coal
grinding, limestone grinding and recently introduced for cement grinding also.
* To use electronic chokes in place of conventional ones.
* To use timer controllers where possible.
* To use 36W slim tubes for lighting.
* To explore the use of BLDC and VFD motors for power conservation
* To consider providing a single stack or a common exhaust on a building, where more than one fan
or one machine units are installed and each having a exhaust fan.
References:
* Energy Conservation in Induction Motors by Technology Trends Nov. 2001
* Determining Electric Motor Load and Efficiency by Dept. of Energy, USA
Mr. Sanwar Mal Mishra, Ex-UNIDO Consultant
Dadhichi Nagar, Sheetla Marg
P.O. SIKAR-332001
Rajasthan, INDIA
Pow er Consumpt i on Pr of i l e of A Cement Pl ant :
Cement manufacturing is a power-intensive process, where about 40 % of the cost is spent on
energy. It offers a great potential for conservation by introducing energy audit. The specific
power consumption in kwh/ton (metric) available from UNIDO for 42.5-grade cement can be
used as a norm for benchmarking.

Oper at i ng Ar eas k w h/ t on (Source UNIDO)
Crushing and stacking 1.5
Reclaiming, transport, grinding 18.0
Kiln feed, kiln, cooler 22.0
Coal mill 5.0
Cement- grinding, transport 23.
Packing plant 1.5
Lighting, services, pumps etc 4.0
Total 75.0
In order to meet these figures of specific power consumption and to make efforts for the energy
conservation program, the suggested areas of action are summarized as follows.
To interlock the crusher auxiliaries to minimize idle running
To introduce closed circuit grinding, using high efficiency separators in grinding mills
To use variable speed drive motor e.g. VFDs (variable fan drive) for fans in pre-heater, ESP,
Cooler etc. and to eliminate the use of damper control, where possible.
To replace compressed air by mechanical conveying for transport of cement to silo.
To use elevator for kiln feed transport in place of air-lift
To use blowers for packing department in place of compressors
To use roll- press prior to cement grinding mill. It saves 10-15 % power.
A vertical roller mill consumes about 30 % less power than the ball mill; it can be employed
for coal grinding, limestone grinding and recently introduced for cement grinding also.
To use electronic chokes in place of conventional ones.
To use timer controllers where possible.
To use 36W slim tubes for lighting.
To explore the use of BLDC and VFD motors for power conservation
To consider providing a single stack or a common exhaust on a building, where more than
one fan or one machine units are installed and each having a exhaust fan.

References:
Energy Conservation in Induction Motors by Technology Trends Nov. 2001
Determining Electric Motor Load and Efficiency by Dept. of Energy, USA

- Mr. Sanwar Mal Mishra, Ex-UNIDO Consultant
- Dadhichi Nagar, Sheetla Marg
- P.O. SIKAR-332001
- Rajasthan, INDIA

6
40
KILN DOCTOR
What is Shell Flexing & can it be evaluated by tyre creep measurement?
What is the importance of this measurement? Mohammed - KSA
Shell Flexing (earlier known as Shell Ovality) is change of
curvature of the kiln shell during one rotation of the kiln. It is the
difference between the smallest & largest diameters (a-b) during one
rotation of the kiln, which result in change of curvature of shell
during rotation.
Kiln refractory brick linings depend on the principle of continuous
arch to stay in place. Any forces acting on that arch, such as a kiln
shell flexing, will deteriorate the mechanical stability of that arch.
Refractory failure occurs if excessive flexing of the kiln shell exists.
Hence, it needs to be monitored to enhance the refractory life.
Factors contributing to shell flexing are:-
1. Tyre thickness & width (cross section). 2. Air gap between the chairpad OD & Tyre ID
3. Shell thickness under tyre 4. Kiln Alignment.
5. Runout / Bend in kiln shell near the tyre. 6. Type of refractory.
Calculating shell flex by Tyre Creep :-
One can not calculate shell ovality from tyre creep alone to any level of accuracy. Some of the
OEMs use empirical formulae to estimate shell flexing based on tyre ovality which is estimated
depending on size and MOC of tyre, shell thickness & other assumed load factors like brick
load, product load etc., at the time of engineering design. Once the kiln is in operation, all these
factors change considerably.
Most of the kilns give wide range of results by this method, since shell thickness, type of
refractory, coating, wear off and distortion of tyre & shell affect the results. The shell flex
values are also influenced by misalignment, bend in kiln and several other aspects.
Therefore by creep measurement the calculated results will be inaccurate since the same depends
on several assumptions and if any of the parameters are deviating form the designed one, this
will affect shell flex values very largely. As such the creep can not be considered alone for shell
ovality or shell flex measurement.
Correct way of measuring Shell Flex (the only alternative) :-
Shell flexing can be measured directly without any assumption and takes
into account all the above factors with a High Resolution Shell Flex Beam.
This will take around 600 readings per tyre electronically. This will average
out the shell flex values on real time basis with out any manual error. In
addition these electronic readings developed into a linear / polar graphs gives
other important information like uneven load on piers, crack in shell,
alignment condition, bend in the shell etc. Infact, this analysis helps as a
second opinion for the alignment analysis.
Hence when ever shell Flexing Analysis is carried out make sure that all the
above factors are answered by the analysis, which is fairly impossible by using
tyre creep method but only possible by using a Shell flex Beam.
Shell Flex Beam
b
a
By : Phillips Kiln Services (India) Pvt. Ltd. / India

.
. alignment
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42
Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., the world leader in
serving science, announced a new and powerful
addition to its range of automated optical emission
and X-ray fluorescence spectrometers. As an
alternative to single spectrometer automation, the
new Thermo Scientific ARL SMS-3500 integrates
multiple standalone laboratory instruments,
including sample preparation, in a fully automated
cell to optimize the entire analytical workflow and
enhance process control efficiencies in the mining
and metals industries.
Thermo Scientific robotized spectrometers have
established a high standard of excellence in the
most demanding environments, and the new
ARL SMS-3500 represents a step forward for
users requiring more comprehensive and integrated
workflow automation solutions. At the heart of
the system is a FANUC industrial robot, driven
by intelligent Thermo Scientific SMS software,
which allows for the preparation and analysis of
samples using two sample preparation machines
and two optical emission and/or X-ray fluorescence
spectrometers.
The Thermo Scientific ARL SMS-3500 uses highly
reliable components to ensure higher instrument
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heavy loads of up to 7kg in industrial environments
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decision-making that maximizes yield and grows
the bottom line.
The system provides easy and direct access to the
various components for maintenance purposes
or manual work. Each instrument can be quickly
disconnected without interruption of the automatic
operation and the spectrometers can be easily moved
to a separate park position for servicing.
The integration of separate sample preparation and
analysis systems in one or more compact ARL SMS-
3500 cells streamlines large laboratory automation.
Samples received via automated air tubes can be
immediately processed, avoiding a separate sample
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For more information on the Thermo Scientific
ARL SMS 3500, please call +1 800 -532 -4752,
email analyze@thermofisher.com or
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Scheuch GmbH
Weierng 68 I A-4971 Aurolzmnster
Phone: +43/7752/905-0 I Fax:-370 I ofce@scheuch.com
www.scheuch.com
The patented EMC technology is the only system to offer a constant and
low differential pressure, which makes it possible to exclude negative effects
that impact upstream processes. This creates the conditions necessary for
continuous plant operation and high operating availability.
In addition to the technical aspects, EMC technology is also persuasive in terms
of its economic and commercial viability. Reduced investment costs, a 30%
reduction in fan power requirements, a doubling of lter bag service lifetimes
and an 80% reduction in compressed air energy can be achieved.
THE BENCHMARK
FOR THE CEMENT
INDUSTRY
LO
W
E
S
T
O
P
E
R
A
T
IN
G
C
O
S
T
S
HIGH AVAILA
B
IL
IT
Y
R
E
D
U
C
E
D

I
N
V
E
S
T
M
E
N
T COSTS
44
PANalytical launched CubiX3, the 3
rd

generation of its successful CubiX X-ray powder
diffractometers range. Building on the companys
reputation for speed, reliability and reproducible
analysis, the CubiX3 introduces new features
such as high-intensity data collection as well as
extra flexibility in sample handling for automated
environments. X-ray diffraction has already
reached significant importance as a process and
production control method for powdered materials
in many industries. Its initial investment is rapidly
earned back because of the ease of operation,
the independency of operators and the safety for
the users, when compared to traditional methods
like wet-chemical process control or microscopy
methods. The CubiX3 range includes dedicated
versions, tailored to the needs of those working in
cement, minerals, pharmaceuticals or aluminium
production.
Dr. Uwe Knig, Applications Specialist, XRD,
highlighted the advantages of XRD analysis
with the new CubiX3 range: X-ray diffraction
is recognized as the most efficient method of
obtaining direct phase information for many
types of materials. Results enable manufacturers
to maintain consistency in the quality of their
product while optimizing production speeds.
CubiX3 is the fastest, most flexible and most
accurate diffractometer available for production
control. It yields a complete diffraction pattern
up to 150 times faster than conventional detection
technology.
PANalytical was the first X-ray solutions provider
to bring walk-up functionality to its line of
XRPD systems. The Walk-Up software available
for CubiX3 enables a user with no knowledge
of XRD to enter urgent samples at any time,
even if the diffractometer is already processing a
routine batch; and automatically receive a More
speed, more applications power, more automation
potential report of results with no user input to
the analysis. The Walk-Up / CubiX3 combination
provides the perfect analysis tool for multi-user
environments.
The CubiX3 supports the full analytical X-ray
powder analysis methodology from classical
data analysis up to full pattern cluster analysis
for statistical data interpretation and pass/fail
determination.
For more information about CubiX3 contact
your local representative or visit
www.panalytical.com/CubiX3
CubiX3 Industrial XRD system
More speed, more applications power, more automation potential/2
Page 2 of 2
report of results with no user input to the analysis. The Walk-Up / CubiX
3
combination provides the perfect analysis tool for multi-user environments.

The CubiX
3
supports the full analytical X-ray powder analysis methodology from
classical data analysis up to full pattern cluster analysis for statistical data
interpretation and pass/fail determination.

For more information about CubiX
3
contact your local representative or visit
www.panalytical.com/CubiX3




CubiX
3
Industrial XRD system

Visit our website at www.panalytical.com for more information about our activities.
PANalytical is part of Spectris plc.
45
TheMostFlexibleUltrasonicDataLoggingThicknessGauge
Cygnus is proud to introduce the NEW Cygnus 3 Data Logger multiple echo thickness gauge developed to
accommodatetheneedforasimpleyetversatilemethodofloggingthicknessmeasurementsthroughcoatings.
The New Cygnus 3 Data Logger is
engineered with a flexible data logging
facility.Thegaugeoffersthreedatalogging
modes: Simple Linear Data Logging with a
capacity of up to 5000 points each record;
Grid Based Data Logging using simple XY
gridsforupto5000points;TemplateBased
Data Logging featuring definable
measurement points, minimum and
reference thickness values and up to 40
configurableuserfieldstocollectadditional
information.
The equipment also benefits from a facility
to add Additional Radial Measurements around any chosen point; alphanumeric data entry via phone style
keys; data stored on internal SD memory card for data security; a bright multicolour LED giving visual
feedback when logging data; USB connection to computer without driver installation. While in onehand
operation,theautologfunctionenablesstablemeasurementstoberecordedautomaticallywithouttheneed
topressanykeys.
The New Cygnus 3 Data Logger is housed in a rugged, IP65 rated aluminium enclosure. The kit includes a
MicrosoftExcelAddInforeasydataimportintoblankworksheetsorExceltemplates.Inaddition,DataLogger
ManagerSoftwareissuppliedforgeneratingreportsandtransferringdatabetweenthegaugeandcomputer.
AswithallCygnusthicknessgauges,thenewCygnus3DataLoggercarriesa3yearwarrantyandemploysthe
CygnusPioneeredMultipleEchoTechniquetogiveaccurate,errorcheckedmeasurementsthroughcoatings.

CygnusInstrumentsLtd. www.cygnusinstruments.com
Tel:+44(0)1305265533 sales@cygnusinstruments.com

46
FLSmidth released a new version
of its kiln shell infrared scanner
solution. This new version of the ECS/
CemScanner is optimized for newly
developed hardware and is the first of a
new generation of software products.
The new generation ECS process
control solutions are based on the latest
Microsoft .NET technology and the
Microsoft Windows 7 operating system.
"This new technology enables more
flexible and rapid product development
to the benefit of our customers", Global
Product Manager Joju Jacob comments.
"The short distance between the
industry and our development teams
has always been essential to remain
close to the customer and thereby
stay competitive." Being a Microsoft
Gold Certified partner and having
the highest level of competence and
expertise enables FLSmidth to always
offer software solutions that are based
on the latest Microsoft technology and
platform.
For more information about ECS/
CemScanner, or our process and
quality control solutions, please visit
www.flsmidth.com/automation
The SCL Compression Loadcell, now available from
Celsum Technologies Ltd, can be supplied with full
scale ranges between 1 tonne and 100 tonnes, or 10kN
and 1,000kN (or 1MN). Fabricated from stainless steel,
these precision force transducers are sealed to IP67 to
the BS60529 standard, and use a 700 ohm strain gauge
bridge with a sensitivity of 1.5mV/V. Designed with long
term resistance to fatigue, the SCL loadcells have a high
cycle life, a safe overload capacity of 150% of full scale,
and an ultimate overload limit of 300% of full scale. The
maximum error is 0.05% of full scale, and they have a
compensated temperature range of 0 to 50C. Excitation
voltages of 5 to 15 volts AC or DC may be used, and
traceable calibration certificates may be supplied for
just the loadcell or for the loadcell with instrumentation.
For systems using multiple load cells, the outputs of the
sensors can be standardised.
Says Celsum's Roy Carter, "The SCL load cell is a
welcome addition to the range that we offer, with
applications from materials testing through to weighing,
and from on-line process control to R & D and quality
control. As well as this and other load cells, we offer a
wide range of instrumentation, too, from simple analogue
amplifiers to digital electronics with computer interfaces
and precision digital displays and controllers, to state-
of-the-art wireless telemetry."
For more information, please contact:
Roy E Carter MSc CEng FIM3
Managing Director
Celsum Technologies Ltd
The Innovation Centre
De Montfort University
49 Oxford Street
Leicester LE1 5XY
United Kingdom

Tel: +44-(0)116 207 8807
Fax: +44-(0)870 120 9370
Email: roy@celsum.com
Web: www.celsum.com
47
Wirelessly configuring and monitoring scales from
"a safe distance"
Weighing and feeding can be a very elaborate,
time-consuming and costly process. Configuration,
monitoring and maintenance work are significant
factors depending on the raw materials to be
processed and the system properties. In some cases,
scale controls used in tough environments incur high
maintenance and repair costs.
Ten years ago Schenck Process took its first major
step towards improving cost/benefit ratios with
specially designed mechatronic weighfeeders. These
feature mechanics and electronics in a shared sturdy
unit which makes them particularly robust, durable,
easy to maintain and highly interoperable as various
interfaces allow them to be linked to virtually any
automation system.
When coupled with the innovative EasyServe service
program, the result is an unbeatable system that can
now also be configured wirelessly from a distance.
EasyServe. The name says it all
The EasyServe service program can be used to
conveniently install, configure and monitor the
weighfeeders using a laptop. And thanks to new
Bluetooth wireless modules, this process went
wireless two years ago.
A process requiring no cables offers much more than
simply high convenience. When weighfeeders are
difficult to access, Bluetooth provides impressive
selling points as these are now free for wireless
communication and the full range of opportunities
that offers.
The operator can also work at a clean and really
comfortable workplace at a safe distance from all
the action, which conserves the operating unit and is
better for maintenance staff at the service site. Other
selling points include the fact that cumbersome
cables are no longer needed and can be consigned
to history.
But let's stick to the present where wireless methods
can be used over considerable distances, saving both
time and money. Depending on the variant used,
weighfeeders can be wirelessly configured from
distances of 30 or 100 metres.
Existing scales and feeders, fitted with DISOCONT,
INTECONT PLUS or DISOMAT, can also be
equipped for modern networks. Both Ethernet and
WLAN can be used for communication and data
processing with the customer's network.
Great communication services included
The breadth of services offered by the new wireless
module is also impressive. Its main job is optimum
configuration via EasyServe for commissioning and
ongoing service work, including parameterisation,
monitoring and maintenance. Settings for trends
such as feed rate and weight in the weighfeeders'
time line can also be easily recorded and graphically
depicted within the service program.
Perfectly equipped for every scenario
EasyServe can be used for DISOCONT,
INTECONT PLUS, INTECONT Satus and
INTECONT Opus.
DISOPLAN is the service tool for DISOMAT
Tersus, DISOMAT Satus, DISOMAT Opus and
DISOBOX.
When using several DISOCONT feeding
electronics in one system, Bluetooth wireless
technology can take the place of the service bus.
Depending on specific requirements, Schenck
Process offers two different module range classes:
Bluetooth class 1 for up to 100 metres and Bluetooth
class 2 for up to 30 metres. A two metre connection
cable allows the transmission path to be aligned
perfectly.
As they are simply attached using two external clips,
it's just as easy to affix the two modules as it is to
operate them. Smooth data operation is indicated on
the integrated LEDs and both modules offer IP65
protection.
For more information, please contact:
Schenck Process GmbH
Marketing Communication
Pallaswiesenstrae 100
64293 Darmstadt
Germany
T +49 61 5187 29 31 15-
F +49 61 5154 27 31 15-
press@schenckprocess.com
48
The volumetric version of the gravimetric
ProFlex C feeder is a low-cost alternative to
a proven Schenck Process product. It is also
used to feed additives and fillers in powder,
granulate or fibre form. One particularly
appealing feature of the volumetric feeder
is that it requires no maintenance. Its well
thought-out design also makes flexible
installation possible. Available in two feeder
sizes and a total of three container sizes, the
system fits in any available space. Up to eight
feeders can be installed in a very compact
space to form one complete feeder station
as the augers are positioned off-centre.
The position of the drive and auger can be
changed at any time and they can easily be
modified later on.
Vertical container walls mean that optimum
use is made of the space available and this
also impacts positively on how the bulk
material flows.
The ProFlex C feeder system is available in two discharge lengths for feed rates of up to 9500 dm3/
hr. Maintenance-free operation, easy cleaning, the external agitation drive using connecting rods and the
robust auger mounting make the ProFlex C very easy to care for.
Both models of the ProFlex C can be completed with various feed hoppers, augers and spirals. Various
control concepts, ranging from the simple version with constant speed to Profibus-based control, are
also available.
For more information, please contact:
Schenck Process GmbH
Marketing Communication
Pallaswiesenstrae 100
64293 Darmstadt
Germany
T +49 61 5187 29 31 15-
F +49 61 5154 27 31 15-
press@schenckprocess.com
49
the leading power and automation technology
group, announced today the successful installation
of its SpectraFlow and Raw Mix Preparation (RMP)
solutions at CEMMACs plant in Slovakia.
CEMMAC was founded in 1883 with the acquisition
of its limestone quarry. Today CEMMAC employs
247 people and manufactures Portland cement and
Portland slag cement.
The material at CEMMACs quarry comes from
three different zones, yielding a mixture of medium
and low quality marl and high quality limestone.
Moisture changes have a big effect of the marl,
which makes it difficult to measure the concentration
with a conventional sampling station. Consequently
it was frequently the case that the lime saturation
factor (LSF) of the raw material arriving at the raw
mill exceeded the upper process limit. Therefore
CEMMAC was seeking a solution, which would
establish a target LSF and significantly reduce the
LSF variations in its mixing bed. The solution was a
combination of the ABB online analyzer SpectraFlow
plus the ABB Expert Optimizer module Raw Mix
Preparation.
SpectraFlow uses SOLBAS technology which
uses Near Infra-Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) to provide
the chemical composition data. The SpectraFlow
analyzer solution can be used on any conveyor belt,
regardless of width or belt composition and does
not require dedicated safety personnel or special
operating licenses. The SpectraFlow analyzer does
not require any physical contact with the sample
material in order to provide data. This immediately
brought improvements for CEMMAC, since previous
problems caused by a sample based analyzer coming
into contact with moist marl no longer existed.
ABB installed its SpectraFlow online analyzer at
CEMMAC in February 2008. Moisture, however,
impacts composition readings and so in February
2009 a new analyzer strategy model was installed to
take moisture levels into better account in the data
and analysis.
A further benefit is that the SpectraFlow online
analyzer is able to provide a sample value every
minute. The frequency of sample data means that
truck by truck sampling is possible by CEMMAC.
ABBs RMP solution, in combination with
SpectraFlow, is now achieving an LSF of 80 +/- 5
for each 180 tonnes segment of a round mixing bed.
Mr Kebisek, Quarry Manager at CEMMAC, said
Pressure on the quarry staff has been reduced since
they can now refer to the RMP solution for clear
guidance on how best to handle material.
For more information please contact:
ABB Switzerland Ltd
Max Berner
Marketing Services Business Unit Minerals
(Baden/Switzerland)
Tel: +41 58 586 88 32
Fax: +41 58 586 73 33
e-mail: max.berner@ch.abb.com
Cemmac is
a subsidiary
of Austrian
Group Asamer
& Hufnagel
Baustoffholding
GmbH and has a
single integrated
works at Hornee
Srnie, Slovakia
The ABB
SpectraFlow
analyzer at work
Press Release
Cemmac is a subsidiary of Austrian Group Asamer &
Hufnagel Baustoffholding GmbH and has a single
integrated works at Hornee Srnie, Slovakia
The ABB SpectraFlow analyzer at work
Press Release
Cemmac is a subsidiary of Austrian Group Asamer &
Hufnagel Baustoffholding GmbH and has a single
integrated works at Hornee Srnie, Slovakia
The ABB SpectraFlow analyzer at work
Installation achieves stable LSF and improves use of quarry material for CEMMAC
50
CEMENT
35
th
CORAL Conference on Our World in Concrete
& Structures
Date : 26- 27 August 2010
Venue: Adelaide, Australia
For more information please contact:
CI-PREMIER PTE LTD
150 Orchard Road #0714-, Orchard Plaza
Singapore 238841
Tel.: +65 67332922
Fax.: +65 62353530
Email: cipremie@singnet.com.sg
Trends in Secondary Abatement Technologies
Date : 22 -23 September 2010
Venue: SCHWENK, Mergelstetten, Germany
For more information please contact:
European Cement Research Academy GmbH
Tannenstrasse 2 40476 Dsseldorf Germany
P.O. Box 30 03 32 40403 Dsseldorf Germany
Tel.: + 49 211 23 98 38 -0
Fax: + 49 211 23 98 38 -500
Email: info@ecra-online.org
Internet: www.ecra-online.org
Reducing Energy Consumption and CO
2
Emissions
in the Cement Industry of Fast Developing
Economies CemEnergy
Date : 26 October 2010
Venue: ExpoCentr, Moscow, Russia
For more information please contact:
Ms. Tatyana Nesterova, Manager
ASTC ALIT
197022 Russia, Saint-Petersburg,
Instrumentalnaya st., 3 B, office 218
Tel./fax: +7 (812) 380 - 65 - 72 335 - 09 - 92
E-mail: tvn@alitinform.ru
Web: www.alitinform.ru
Hydration of Blended Cements
Date : 5 October 2010
Venue: ECRA, Dsseldorf, Germany
For more information please contact:
European Cement Research Academy GmbH
Tannenstrasse 2 40476 Dsseldorf Germany
P.O. Box 30 03 32 40403 Dsseldorf Germany
Tel.: + 49 211 23 98 38- 0
Fax: + 49 211 23 98 38- 500
Email: info@ecra-online.org
Internet: www.ecra-online.org
6th European Slag Conference, EUROSLAG
Date : 20- 22 October 2010
Venue: Madrid, Spain
For more information please visit:
www.euroslag2010.eu
Influence of Alternative Fuels and Raw Materials
on the Properties of Clinker and Cement
Date : 9- 10 November 2010
Venue: CEMEX Plant, Beckum, Germany
For more information please contact:
European Cement Research Academy GmbH
Tannenstrasse 2 40476 Dsseldorf Germany
P.O. Box 30 03 32 40403 Dsseldorf Germany
Tel.: + 49 211 23 98 38 -0
Fax: + 49 211 23 98 38- 500
Email: info@ecra-online.org
Internet: www.ecra-online.org
6th Global Slag Conference
Date : 22 -23 November 2010
Venue: Sydney, Australia
For more information please visit:
www.propubs.com/gsc
55th BetonTage
Date : 8 -10 February 2011
Venue: Neu Ulm, Germany
For more information please visit:
www.betontage.de
13th International Congress on the Chemistry of
Cement
Date : 3- 8 July 2011
Uncoated Fine Paper Corrugated Bags & Coatings Europe & International
Rusayl
Amman
Beirut
Casablanca
Agadir
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Venue: Madrid, Spain
For more information please visit:
www.icccmadrid2011.org
CERAMIC
The 16th China International Ceramics and
Sanitary-ware Fair FOSHAN
Date : 18 -22 October 2010
Venue: Center Huaxia Ceramic Expo City, Foshan,
China
For more information please contact:
Foshan International Conference & Exhibition
Center Huaxia Ceramic Expo City
Tel.: +86 - 757 - 8532 / 8833 - 6777 / 8531 - 3888
Fax: +86 - 757 - 8833- 6383
Email: info@foshanfair.com
http:// www. foshanfair.com
GENERAL
Master Class on Business Costs Reduction
Strategies and best approaches to bring down &
streamline business cost
Date : 2 -3 August 2010
Venue: Berjaya Times Square Hotel & Convention
Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
For more information please contact:
Mr. Mohammed Atif, Senior Sales & Marketing
Manager Middle East & Africa
Bridge Knowle
Tel.: +92 - 346 - 3303727
Fax: +603 - 42703059
Email: mohammed@bridgeknowle.com
http:\\ www.bridgeknowle.com
XXIst World Energy Congress
Date : 1216- September 2010
Venue: Montreal, Canada
For more information please visit:
www.wecmontreal2010.ca
2nd Global Landfill Mining Conference
Date : 13 September 2010
Venue: London, UK
For more information please visit :
www.propubs.com/glm
IFAT 2010
Date : 13- 17 September 2010
Venue: Munich, Germany
For more information please visit:
www.ifat.de
10th International Conference on Steel, Space and
Composite Structures
Date : 21 -23 September 2010
Venue: Macau, SAR China
For more information please contact:
CI-PREMIER PTE LTD
150 Orchard Road #0714-, Orchard Plaza
Singapore 238841
Tel.: +65 67332922
Fax: +65 62353530
Email: cipremie@singnet.com.sg
5th Global Insulation Conference
Date : 4 -5 October 2010
Venue: London, UK
For more information please visit:
www.propubs.com/gic
The 12th International Mineral Processing
Symposium
Date : 6 - 8 October 2010
Venue: Hotel Dedeman Cappadocia, Nevehir,
Turkey
For more information please visit:
www.imps2010.org
Contact Information for Registration,
Accommodation, Transfer, Tour, Sponsorship and
Exhibition:
Soykan GLER
Esentepe Yldz Posta Cad. Akn Sitesi
1. Blok No:6 Kat:1 D:3 ili 34394
Istanbul, Turkey
Tel.:+90 212 347 63 00
53
Fax: +90 212 347 63 63
Email: soykan@dekon.com.tr
Web: www.dekon.com.tr
10th Global Gypsum Conference and Exhibition
Date : 25 -26 October 2010
Venue: Paris, France
For more information please visit:
www.propubs.com/ggc
FILTEC 2011
Date : 22- 24 March 2011
Venue: Wiesbaden, Germany
For more information please visit:
www.filtec.de
Interpack
Date : 12- 15 May 2011
Venue: Dsseldorf, Germany
For more information please visit:
www.interpack.de
ICCC
Date : 3 -8 July 2011
Venue: Madrid, Spain
For more information please visit:
www.iccmadrid2011.org