Lateral stress = 5 psi

Stress ratio = 0
(z-x)

Max.

95%

Avg.

e1

e1/ (z-x)

(z-x)

(z-x)

(z-x)

Max.

Max.

20.3

27.55

20

1.198

0.000599

28

4.206

0.001502

Ei

(z-x)

4184.1

33.33

0.0016
y = 0.03x + 0.0002

0.0014
0.0012
0.001
0.0008

5 psi

0.0006

Linear (5 psi)

0.0004
0.0002
0
0

0.01

0.02

0.03
e1

Rf

Ult.

5 psi

e1/(z-x)

29

70%

0.04

0.05

0.87

Lateral stress = 10 psi

Stress ratio = 0

(z-x)

Max.

50

10

70%

95%

Avg.

e1

e1/ (z-x)

(z-x)

(z-x)

(z-x)

Max.

Max.

35

47.5

35

1.462

0.000418

50

13.364

0.002673

Ei

(z-x)
Ult.

7092.2

52.91

10 psi
0.003
y = 0.0189x + 0.0001

e1/(z-x)

0.0025
0.002
0.0015

10 psi

0.001

Linear (10 psi)

0.0005
0
0

0.05

0.1
e1

Rf average is = 0.91

Rf

0.15

0.95

Ei

Ei/Pa

z/Pa

4184.1

298.86

0.357

7092.2

10

506.586

0.7143

Ei
2.75
y = 0.7609x + 2.8158

2.7

log(Ei/Pa)

2.65
2.6

ei

2.55

Linear (ei)

2.5
2.45
-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

log(z/Pa)

So From Graph
n= 0.761
K = 102.8158 = 654.335

NOW WE MODEL HYPERBOLIC STRESS STRAIN MODEL FOR

UNLOADING RELOADING

Lateral stress = 5 psi

Stress ratio = 0

12
y = 9846.2x - 17.053

10

z-x

8
6

Series1

Linear (Series1)

2
0
0

0.001

0.002

0.003

Accordingly as stated above in the graph the slope of the line unloading reloading
is Eur.
So it has a value of 9846.2.
Otherwise we can also do it in the previous stated way.
Here as the origin of the reloading unloading curve has been shifted to
0.00176 ez so for every strain value there we have to subtract the above value
in order to obtain the required strain values.
Thus,
Average of both the strains must be taken to obtain the curve.

(z-x)

Max.

95%

Avg.

e1

e1/ (z-x)

Eur

(z-x)

(z-x)

(z-x)

Max.

Max.

9.5

0.00067

0.0000957

10269.58

10

0.00095

0.000095

5 psi

e1/(z-x)

10

70%

0.0000958
0.0000957
0.0000956
0.0000955
0.0000954
0.0000953
0.0000952
0.0000951
0.000095
0.0000949

5 psi
Linear (5 psi)
y = -0.0025x + 1E-04
0

0.0002 0.0004 0.0006 0.0008 0.001

e1

Lateral stress = 10 psi

Stress ratio = 0

12
10

y = 21387x - 16.425

z-x

8
6

Series1

Linear (Series1)

2
0
0

0.0005

0.001

0.0015

Accordingly as stated above in the graph the slope of the line unloading reloading
is Eur.
So it has a value of 21387.

Otherwise we can also do it in the previous stated way.

Here also the origin of the reloading unloading curve has been shifted to
0.00077 ez so for every strain value there we have to subtract the above value
in order to obtain the required strain values.
Thus,
Average of both the strains must be taken to obtain the curve

(z-x)

Max.

10

95%

Avg.

e1

e1/ (z-x)

Eur

(z-x)

(z-x)

(z-x)

Max.

Max.

9.5

0.000355

0.00004438

25706.94

10

0.00046

0.000046

10 psi

e1/(z-x)

10

70%

0.0000462
0.000046
0.0000458
0.0000456
0.0000454
0.0000452
0.000045
0.0000448
0.0000446
0.0000444
0.0000442

y = 0.0154x + 4E-05

10 psi
Linear (10 psi)

0.0001 0.0002 0.0003 0.0004 0.0005

e1

Now its better to take the average of both the values in graph as well as calculated
in order to obtain a correct value of Eur.
So,
Eur

Eur/Pa

z/Pa

10057.89

718.421

0.357

23546.97

10

1681.926

0.7143

log(Eur/Pa)

Eur
3.25
3.2
3.15
3.1
3.05
3
2.95
2.9
2.85
2.8

y = 1.2272x + 3.405

Eur
Linear (Eur)

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

log(z/Pa)

So From Graph
n= 1.2272
Kur = 103.405 = 2540.973
As n value is greater than 1, so we have to take an average value of the two n
values thus obtained.
n= 0.98

NOW WE NEED TO MODEL THE VOLUMETRIC HYPERBOLIC

STRESS STRAIN MODEL.
Lateral stress = 5 psi
Stress ratio = 0

STRESS STRAIN CURVE

35
30

z-x

25

STRESS STRAIN
CURVE

20

70% STRENGTH

15
10
5
0
0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

e1

VOLUMETRIC CURVE
0.02
0
0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

-0.02
-0.04
ev

VOLUMETRIC CURVE
70% STRENGTH

-0.06
-0.08
-0.1
-0.12

e1

Lateral stress = 10 psi

Stress ratio = 0

STRESS STRAIN
60
50

z-x

40

STRESS STRAIN

30

70% STRENGTH

20
10
0
0

0.05

e1

0.1

0.15

VOLUMETRIC CURVE
0.02
0
-0.02 0

0.05

0.1

z-x

-0.04

VOLUMETRIC CURVE

-0.06

70% STRENGTH

-0.08
-0.1
-0.12
-0.14
-0.16
-0.18

0.15

e1

Lateral stress = 5 psi

Stress ratio = 0
The lower one is an enlarged version of the volumetric stress strain curve showing
a horizontal portion at e1=0.00258 reached before 70% strength.

VOLUMETRIC CURVE
0.002

ev

0.0015

VOLUMETRIC CURVE

0.001

70% STRENGTH
0.0005

0
-0.00089 0.00011 0.00111 0.00211 0.00311
e1

So we will take that required value of e1 and z-x.

x

z-x

e1

ev

0.00258

0.00147

2040.82

Lateral stress = 10 psi

Stress ratio = 0

VOLUMETRIC CURVE
0.002
0.0015
z-x

VOLUMETRIC CURVE
0.001

70% STRENGTH

0.0005
0
-0.0009 0.0001

0.0011

0.0021

0.0031

e1

The lower one is an enlarged version of the volumetric stress strain curve showing
a horizontal portion at e1=0.00256 reached before 70% strength.
So we will take that required value of e1 and z-x.
e1
x
z-x
10

16

0.00256

ev

0.00107

4984.42

Thus finally the values of Kb and m are as follows:

x

z-x

x/Pa

B/Pa

2040.82

0.35714

145.77

10

16

4984.42

0.71429

356.03

B
2.6
2.55

y = 1.0015x + 2.6978

log(B/Pa)

2.5
2.45
2.4

2.35

Linear (B)

2.3
2.25
2.2
-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

log(x/Pa)

Thus values from graphs are:

Kb=102.6978= 549.16 1
m=1.0015 > 1 so not possible
Let us take m=0.92

-0.1

Thus the final parameters are:

K

654.335

Rf

0.91

Kur

2540.973

0.98

Kb

549.161

0.92