Tutorial Chapter 4

Students are advised to solve these questions before tutorial class started. Better understanding comes when you try to think and learn from mistakes. Build your effort and never wait for the answers. 1) The three components of velocity in a flow field are given by

i) Determine the volumetric dilatation rate and interpret the results. ii) Determine an expression for the rotation vector. Is this an irrotational flow field? [0; -(y/2 + z)i + 5z/2j y/2 k; No] 2) Determine an expression for the vorticity of the flow field described by Is the flow irrotational? [- (x2 + y2)k; No] 3) For a certain incompressible, two-dimensional flow field, the velocity component in the y direction is given by the equation = 3xy + x2y. Determine the velocity component in the x direction so that the continuity equation is satisfied. [-3/2x2 + x3/3 + f(y)] 4) The stream function for an incompressible, two-dimensional flow field is : Where a and b are constants. Is this an irrotational flow? Explain. [No] 5) The streamlines in a certain incompressible, two dimensional flow field are all concentric circles so that vr = 0. Determine the stream function for i) v = Ar and for ii) v = Ar -1, where A is a constant. [=-Ar2/2 + C; -Alnr +C]

6) The stream function for an incompressible, two dimensional flow field is

For this flow field, plot several streamlines. [Plot in the graph] 7) In a certain two-dimensional flow field, the velocity is constant with components u = - 4 ft/s and v = - 2 ft/s. Determine the corresponding stream function and velocity potential for this flow field. Sketch the equipotential line = 0 which passes through the origin of the coordinate system. [ = 2x 4y + C; = - 4x 2y + C; Plot in the graph]

8) The stream function for a given two-dimensional flow field is = 5x2y (5/3)y3 Determine the corresponding velocity potential [ = (5/3)x3 5xy2+C ] 9) An ideal fluid flows between the inclined walls of a two-dimensional channel into a sink located at the origin (Fig.1). The velocity potential for this flow field is

where m is a constant. (a) Determine the corresponding stream function. Note that the value of the stream function along the wall OA is zero. (b) Determine the equation of the streamline passing through the point B, located at x = 1, y = 4.

Figure 1. [=-m(/2 1/6); = 1.33 rad]

10) As illustrated in Fig.2, a tornado can be approximated by a free vortex of strength for r > Rc, where Rc is the radius of the core. Velocity measurements at points A and B indicate that and VA =125 ft/s and VB = 60 ft/s. Determine the distance from point A to the center of the tornado. Why can the free vortex model not be used to approximate the tornado throughout the flow field (r 0)?

Figure 2. [rA = 92.3 ft] 11) The streamlines in a particular two-dimensional flow field are all concentric circles, as shown in Fig. 3. The velocity is given by the equation = r where is the angular velocity of the rotating mass of fluid. Determine the circulation around the path ABCD.

Figure 3. [(2 - 1)(b2 - a2)]