arcerlas

Lstrateglcas
v. !4, n. 29, dezembro de 2009, 8rasllla-U|
Parc. Estrat. | Braslia - DF | v. 14 | n. 29 | p. 1-236 | jul-dez 2009
ISSN 1413-9375
Editora
+t|+n+ dc C+|v+||o |||cs
Conselho editorial
^d||+no |+t|st+ ||+s (|und+,)
|c|t|+ |o|||m+nn |cc|c| (||||)
|du+|do |+umg|+tz V|ott| (Consu|to|)
|v+ndo ||||+ dc |+u|+ c ||v+ (CC||)
C||d+ |+ss+|| (C Ccstio ccno|og|c+ c ^mb|cnt+|;||)
|+u|o |o||y (|n|)
||c+|do ||c|sc|ows|y (Cc+|)
|on+|do |ot+ +|dcnbc|g (^n+tc|)
Projeto grfico e diagramao
|du+|do O||vc||+ c ||ogo |od||gucs
Capa
||ogo |od||gucs
Endereo para correspondncia
C| : ||oco ^ |d Co|o|+tc Ccntc| s+|+ o: C|| ;o;:-,oo
||+s|||+ || tc|c|oncs (o) ,:::,ooo cm+|| cd|to||+,cgcco|gb|
arcerlas Lstrateglcas v. n.z dezembro zoo
^ |cv|st+ |+|cc||+s |st|+tcg|c+s c ub||c+d+ scmcst|+|mcntc c|o Ccnt|o dc Ccstio c |studos |st|+tcg|cos (CC||) c tcm o| ||n|+ cd|to||+| d|vu|g+|
c dcb+tc| tcm+s n+s +|c+s dc c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io (C|) ||st||bu|io g|+tu|t+ ||+gcm .ooo cxcm|+|cs ||son|vc| c|ct|on|c+mcntc
cm |ttwwwcgcco|gb|;+|cc||+s
O Ccnt|o dc Ccstio c |studos |st|+tcg|cos (CC||) c um+ +ssoc|+io c|v|| scm ||ns |uc|+t|vos c dc |ntc|cssc ub||co u+||||c+d+ como O|g+n|z+io
oc|+| c|o cxccut|vo b|+s||c||o sob + suc|v|sio do ||n|stc||o d+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ Const|tu|-sc cm |nst|tu|io dc |c|c|cnc|+ +|+ o suo|tc
cont|n|o +os |occssos dc tom+d+ dc dcc|sio sob|c o||t|c+s c |og|+m+s dc c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io (C|) ^ +tu+io do Ccnt|o cst+ con-
ccnt|+d+ n+s +|c+s dc |osccio +v+||+io cst|+tcg|c+ |n|o|m+io c d||usio do con|cc|mcnto
|st+ cd|io d+ |cv|st+ |+|cc||+s |st|+tcg|c+s co||csondc + um+ d+s mct+s do Cont|+to dc Ccstio CC||;|C;.oo,
|+|cc||+s |st|+tcg|c+s nio sc |csons+b|||z+ o| |dc|+s cm|t|d+s cm +|t|gos +ss|n+dos | c|m|t|d+ + |c|oduio c +|m+zcn+mcnto dos tcxtos
dcsdc uc c|t+d+ + |ontc
Presidenta
|uc|+ C+|v+||o ||nto dc |c|o
Diretor executivo
|+|c|o dc |||+nd+ +ntos
Diretores
^nton|o C+||os |||guc||+ C+|v+o
|c|n+ndo Cosmc ||zzo ^ssunio
Conselho de Administrao CGEE
|du+|do |o+cy| |||cgc| - ||cs|dcntc (^|C)
^|ysson |+o||nc||| (C|^)
C+||os ^|bc|to ||bc||o dc X+v|c| (||C)
C+||os ^mc||co |+c|cco (|c|cs ^ssoc|+dos)
C|cmcntc C+nz |uc|o (||ccsc)
||+ncc||no |+my dc |||+nd+ C|+ndo (|||C)
Cc|+|do |osc Co||c+ (cb|+c)
Cu|||c|mc ^|y ||ons|| (^n|otcc)
|s+ ^ssc| dos +ntos (^b|t|)
|ndexada em. |+t|ndcx ||CO ub||s||ng b|b||otcc+s |ntc|n+c|on+|s d+s |nst|tu|ocs ||c||g+n |n|vc|s|ty |+|y|+nd |n|vc|s|ty |n|vc|s|tc du
ucbcc w|nbu|nc |n|vc|s|ty o| cc|no|ogy |c|+w+|c t+tc |n|vc|s|ty |+t|on+| |c|cnsc |n|vc|s|ty +n |osc t+tc |n|vc|s|ty |n|vc|s|ty o|
\|scons|n-\||tcw+tc| u+||||c+d+ no u+||s;C+cs
|o|gc |u|s ||co|+s ^udy (|o|o)
|u|s |+nuc| |cbc|o |c|n+ndcs (||nc)
|u|z ^nton|o |od||gucs |||+s (|C)
|+|co ^nton|o |c|s Cu+||t+ (C||)
|+|co ^nton|o z+go (C||)
|+||o |cto |o|gcs (Con|+)
|cnc c|xc||+ |+||c||+ (Conscct|)
c|g|o |cn||uc |c||c||+ (||C)
C967 Parcerias Estratgicas / Centro de Gesto e Estudos Estratgi-
cos v. 1, n. 1 (maio 1996) v. 1, n. 5 (set. 1998); n. 6 (mar.
1999) Braslia: Centro de Gesto e Estudos Estratgicos:
Ministrio da Cincia e Tecnologia, 1996-1998; 1999-
v. 14 n. 29 (dez 2009)
Semestral
ISSN1413-9375
1. Poltica e governo - Brasil 2. Inovao tecnolgica 1. Cen-
tro de Gesto e Estudos Estratgicos. n. Ministrio da Cincia
e Tecnologia.
CDU 323.6(81)(05)
Sumrio
05
Aos Leitores
Poltica estratgica e gesto tecnolgica em cincia,
tecnologia e inovao (CT&I)
07
|cesn: proposta de uma metodologia visando
ao fortalecimento da competitividade dos setores
industriais brasileiros
| C'aaac Cnaae `enoe | ^aaoc Ga'.ac | ^o:coc \a |
G'aa Cce'nc | |'c |e''c.s |'nc |
21
Segurana ciberntica: o desafio
da nova Sociedade da Informao
| C'aaaa Caocoa | |anae' /aoaaoc (aoc |
47
Crise e financiamento inovao
| |coa'a /a:o |aas.na |
59
Inovao tecnolgica no Brasil: questes ticas da
ao social em uma economia semiperifrica
| |eoa:c ae O'.ea | |ao.c `e.es | |ecoaac |ce |
|aoe' Gaeo |
75
Desenvolvimento, energia e ambincia urbana:
uma abordagem histrica
| |'sco 8a:s:a |eea |
Desenvolvimento regional
99
Convergncia de polticas pblicas:
uma metodologia para a construo de agendas
de aes de CT&I para incluso social
| :ocoe Jaeoao | G'aa:e |c.na |
129
Semirido brasileiro: uma anlise das potencialidades
e das competncias para o seu desenvolvimento
| /aoce' ^o'c ae Qaec |
145
Rede de inovao de dermocosmticos na
Amaznia: o uso sustentvel da biodiversidade com
enfoques para as cadeias produtivas da castanha-do-
par e dos leos de andiroba e copaba
| ^'oe:c Caacsc ^aaa |
173
Patentes acadmicas no Brasil: uma anlise sobre as
universidades pblicas paulistas e seus inventores
| |cac /aa ae O'.ea | |a \e'nc |
201
Empresas de base tecnolgica induzidas
e espontneas na regio metropolitana de
Campinas: limitaes, potencialidades e relaes
com o espao geogrfico
| Ga'neoe 8 | |aooas |
Memria
225
A criao da CNEN no contexto do governo JK
| ^oa /aa |oec ae ^oaaae | a:aoe |ces acs :ao:cs |
^os |c|to|cs
,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,-e ,u|-dcz .oo,
Aos leitores
| com mu|t+ s+t|s|+io uc cnt|cg+mos +os nossos |c|to|cs o u|t|mo numc|o d+ |cv|st+ |+|cc||+s
|st|+tcg|c+s do +no uc t|+z um con,unto dc +|t|gos com tcm+s uc comocm + +gcnd+ c|cn-
t|||c+ c tccno|og|c+ b|+s||c||+ ^|ovc|t+mos + oo|tun|d+dc +|+ |+zc| o b+|+no d+s +t|v|d+dcs
cd|to||+|s dcstc +no c odcmos +|||m+| uc .oo, |o| b+st+ntc cx|css|vo +|+ o c||od|co no
vo|umc +| |cun|mos .+ tcxtos dc ,| +uto|cs b|+s||c||os ^ todos os nossos co|+bo|+do|cs nossos
s|ncc|os +g|+dcc|mcntos
Out|+ nov|d+dc |o| + |nsc|io d+ |cv|st+ |+|cc||+s |st|+tcg|c+s no |stcm+ ||ct|on|co dc |d|to-
|+io dc |cv|st+s (|||;|||C) |csdc novcmb|o todos os +|t|gos odcm sc| +ccss+dos nio so
no s|t|o do CC|| como t+mbcm n+ +g|n+ do |||C ondc os |c|to|cs +|t|cu||st+s c |ntc|css+dos
+|t|c|+m do |occsso dc subm|ssio c +v+||+io on-||nc dos scus t|+b+||os ^o |ongo dos mc-
scs nos |c+|+mos +|+ |c+||z+| os +,ustcs ncccss+||os +|+ + |nc|usio do c||od|co no s|stcm+
c +ss|m |+c|||t+| o +ccsso |cv|st+ Cons|dc|+mos cstc um +v+no s|gn|||c+t|vo o|uc co|oc+ +
|+|cc||+s +||n|+d+ com +s mc||o|cs |cv|st+s n+c|on+|s c |ntc|n+c|on+|s do scto|
V+mos +go|+ +|cscnt+io dcstc numc|o ., Os +|t|gos cstio sc+|+dos cm t|cs scocs o||t|-
c+ cst|+tcg|c+ c gcstio tccno|og|c+ cm c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io dcscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+|
mcmo||+ d+ C b|+s||c||+ Os tcxtos dc modo cscc|+| contcm|+m +m|+mcntc v+||os +s-
cctos d+ +|c+ c t|+t+m dc +|cscnt+| |csu|t+dos dc csu|s+s cstudos dc c+sos c |c||cxocs so-
b|c +s ||nc|+|s tcndcnc|+s c t|+b+||os cm scto|cs cst|+tcg|cos d+ v|d+ n+c|on+| c uc |c|o|+m
+ |mo|tnc|+ d+ c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io +|+ o dcscnvo|v|mcnto do +|s
|sc|+mos uc os t|+b+||os +|cscnt+dos cont||bu+m +|+ + const|uio d+ |n|o|m+io c do
con|cc|mcnto ^g|+dcccmos o |ntc|cssc c|+ |cv|st+ |+|cc||+s |st|+tcg|c+s c dcsc,+mos + todos
um+ bo+ |c|tu|+'
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;-.o ,u|-dcz .oo,
Foresight: proposta de uma metodologia visando
ao fortalecimento da competitividade dos setores
industriais brasileiros
Claudio Chauke Nehme

, Adriano Braun Galvao

, Antonio Vaz de Albuquerque

, Gilda Massari Coelho

& Llio Fellows Filho

+ C|+ud|o C|+u|c |c|mc c douto| cm cngcn|+||+ dc s|stcm+s c comut+io c|+ |n|vc|s|d+dc |cdc|+| do ||o dc |+nc||o (||||;
CO|||) mcst|c cm |stcm+s c Comut+io c|o |nst|tuto ||||t+| dc |ngcn|+||+ (|||) c m+tcm+t|co c|+ |n|vc|s|d+dc |cdc-
|+| ||um|ncnsc (|||) | +sscsso| tccn|co c coo|dcn+do| mctodo|og|co dos cstudos |oscct|vos scto||+|s c +sscsso| d+ d||cto||+
cxccut|v+ do CC|| |m+|| c|+u|c,cgcco|gb|
. ^d||+no ||+un C+|v+o c douto| cm |cs|gn |nov+io c|o |nst|tutc o| |cs|gn ||||no|s |nst|tutc o| cc|no|ogy |o CC|| |c+||-
z+ cstudos |oscct|vos cm scto|cs |odut|vos c cont||bu| +|+ d|vu|g+io dos t|+b+||os ,unto soc|cd+dc b|+s||c||+ c |ntc|-
n+c|on+| ^tu+ t+mbcm n+ y|vc| Consu|t|ng - ||+s|| o||cnt+ndo |o,ctos |oc+dos no |occsso dc |nov+io d||cc|on+d+ c|o
consum|do| +|+ cm|cs+s mu|t|n+c|on+|s |m+|| +b|+un,cgcco|gb|
, ^nton|o V+z dc ^|buuc|uc c cngcn|c||o c|ct|on|co c mcst|c cm cngcn|+||+ c|ct||c+ c|+ |n|vc|s|d+dc |cdc|+| dc |c|n+m-
buco (||||) ^tu+|mcntc cu|s+ douto|+do dc gcog|++ com |oco cm |nov+io c dcscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+| ||cst+ consu|to||+
cm |nov+io c cst|+tcg|c+s cm|cs+||+s +|+ + cm|cs+ |o|d|ngcc| Consu|to|+ |m+|| +v+z,|o|d|ngtcc|com
| C||d+ |+ss+|| Coc||o c douto|+ cm C|cnc|+ d+ |n|o|m+io c d+ Comun|c+io c|+ |n|vc|s|tc ^|x-|+|sc|||c ||| (||+n+) | d||c-
to|+ d+ cm|cs+ C Ccstio ccno|og|c+ c ^mb|cnt+| consu|to|+ cm |osccio cm C| no CC|| c doccntc cm cu|sos dc
os-g|+du+io n+ ||oc|uz c |n|vc|s|d+d dc Cucnc+ (|u+do|) ^tu+ n+s +|c+s dc |ntc||gcnc|+ comct|t|v+ c |osccio tccno-
|og|c+ |m+|| gm+ss+||,cgcco|gb|
, |c||o |c||ows ||||o c cngcn|c||o mct+|u|g|co c|+ |n|vc|s|d+dc |cdc|+| do ||o dc |+nc||o (||||) | |unc|on+||o do C|| c cnt|c
out|+s +t|v|d+dcs |o| csu|s+do| do Cctcm;|C d||cto| do |b|+m +sscsso| cscc|+| do ||n|stc||o d+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+
^tu+|mcntc c c|c|c d+ +sscsso||+ tccn|c+ do CC|| |m+|| |c||o,cgcco|gb|
kesumo
Covc|nos dc todo o mundo tcm + csc|+n+ dc to|-
n+| os scus scto|cs |ndust||+|s m+|s comct|t|vos n+
cconom|+ g|ob+| |stc +|t|go +|cscnt+ + mctodo|o-
g|+ dc |o|cs|g|t c||+d+ +|+ dcn|| |+nos cst|+tcg|cos
dc |ongo |+zo +|+ sc|s scto|cs |ndust||+|s no ||+s||
c+d+ um dos u+|s cst+ +||n|+do com um+ o||t|c+
|ndust||+| uc v|s+ |co|g+n|z+| scto|cs cst|+tcg|cos +u-
mcnt+| + su+ comct|t|v|d+dc no mc|c+do mund|+| c
+umcnt+| +s vcnd+s cxtc|n+s dc |odutos com v+|o|
Abstract
Gc.eooeo:s a'' c.e :ne .c'a nce :c oae
:ne oaas:a' se.:cs oce .coe::.e o :ne
'coa' e.coco, 's ae o:caa.es a /cesn:
oe:ncac'c, .ea:ea :c aeoe 'co:eo s:a:e,
'aos /c s\ oaas:a' se.:cs o 8a' ea.n c/
.n.n s a'oea .:n ao oaas:a' c'., :na:
aos :c ecaoe s:a:e. se.:cs eonao.e :ne
.coe::.eoess o :ne 'coa' oae: aoa o.ease
/ceo sa'es c/ .a'aeaaaea caa.:s 'e oe:nca
C|+ud|o C|+u|c ^d||+no C+|v+o ^nton|o V+z C||d+ |+ss+|| & |c||o |c||ows
s
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;-.o ,u|-dcz .oo,
1. Introduo
|+ c|+ d+ g|ob+||z+io os u+t|o +|scs do |||c ||+s|| |uss|+ |nd|+ c C||n+ tcm um+ c|csccn-
tc |cscn+ g|ob+| c |n||ucnc|+ sob|c +s g|+ndcs ncgoc|+ocs c +co|dos comc|c|+|s |ntc|n+c|on+|s
|cstc contcxto o ||+s|| ,+ sc dcst+c+ como um dos ||nc|+|s |o|ncccdo|cs dc m+tc||+s-||m+s c
|odutos +g||co|+s (CO|||^| ^C| .oo,) c num |utu|o |ox|mo tcm otcnc|+| +|+ +|o-
vc|t+| nov+s oo|tun|d+dcs n+ |ndust||+ dc t|+ns|o|m+io c dc sc|v|os mc||o|+ndo s|mu|t+nc-
+mcntc + os|io comct|t|v+ dc su+s |ndust||+s O govc|no b|+s||c||o tcm um u|gcntc c |o|tc
.as .ea:ea .n'e CG|| ae.e'cea cse.:.e s:aaes
/c :ne s\ se.:cs aoa s oasea co :ne ae.e'coeo:
c/ s:a:e. aoa :e.noc'c.a' caaoas aaa:ea :c
a..coocaa:e aoae eaeoeo:s /c ea.n se.:c
|: .coss:s c/ /ca nases |e|cesn: |'aooo
Joaes:aoao :ne |eseo: |a:ao |ese.:.es
aoa |cse.:o |a:ae Oc:ao:es |e|cesn:
o.'aaes ) aeoo a .c 'ao aoa /cesn:
aca.n aoa .) oec:a:o .:n s:aenc'aes
Joaes:aoao :ne |eseo: o.'aaes ) aa:a
a:neo aoa .) seoeo:a:co aoa c:a:co
|a:ao |ese.:.es o.'aaes ) s.aooo aoa
ae:e.:o :eoas aoa .) ae.e'co .sco aoa
a.:co ca's |cse.:o |a:ae Oc:ao:es
o.'aaes ) aeoo s:a:ees aoa caaoas aoa
.) oao e.cooeoaa:cos 's ae /c.ases
co /coa'o :ns c.ess sc :na: : .ao oe oce
ocaa', asseooa:ea aoa oce eas', asea |:
s:a:s o, o:caa.o :ne oeaoo c/ /cesn:
.co.e:s e'e.ao: o :ne oaas:a' .co:e\: c/ 8a'
aoa saoseaeo:', o:caa.es ao aaa:a:co c/
:ne caaoa :e.noae :c :ne ocaae s.ce c/
:ne oaas:a' se.:cs 's ae eonases :ne
.na''eoes aoa esa':s co:aoea .n'e .co
.:n :ne aecoaa:.a' snces 'as:. /ao:ae
oea.a' eaoeo: aoa :e\:'e se.:cs c/ 8a'
'e oa' e.cooeoaa:cos /c cse.:.e s:aaes
ae oc: snaea aae :c :ne seos:.e oa:ae c/ :ne
o/coa:co
keywords: |cesn: |caaoa |ooc.a:co
Ccoe::.eoe |oaas:a' :e.:c
+g|cg+do |st+ +bo|d+gcm mctodo|og|c+ |o| dcscn-
vo|v|d+ c|o CC|| du|+ntc + |c+||z+io dos cstudos
|oscct|vos +|+ os sc|s scto|cs c c b+sc+d+ cm |o-
+dm+s cst|+tcg|cos c tccno|og|cos +d+t+dos +|+
+tcndc| + ncccss|d+dcs cscc|c+s dc c+d+ scto| |
const|tu|d+ o| u+t|o |+scs ||c-|cesn: |ntcn-
dcndo o ||cscntc |c|scct|v+s do |utu|o c ||oscc-
io dc Oo|tun|d+dcs |utu|+s O ||c-|cesn: |nc|u|
+) dcn|io dc um |+no dc t|+b+||o c +bo|d+gcm
|oscct|v+ c .) ncgoc|+io com os +gcntcs |ntcn-
dcndo o ||cscntc |nc|u| +) co|ct+ dc d+dos c .) scg-
mcnt+io c ||o||z+io |c|scct|v+s do |utu|o |nc|u|
+) mon|to|+mcnto c |dcnt|c+io dc tcndcnc|+s c .)
dcscnvo|v|mcnto d+ v|sio c d||ct||zcs ||osccio dc
Oo|tun|d+dcs |utu|+s |nc|u| +) dcn|io dc cst|+tc-
g|+s c |o+dm+s c .) |ccomcnd+ocs |stc t|+b+||o
conccnt|+-sc cm |o|m+||z+| cstc |occsso +|+ uc
c|c oss+ sc| m+|s +m|+mcntc d|vu|g+do c m+|s |+c||-
mcntc us+do Comc+ o| |nt|oduz|| os concc|tos dc
|o|cs|g|t |c|cv+ntcs no contcxto |ndust||+| do ||+s|| c
ostc||o|mcntc +|cscnt+ um+ +d+t+io d+ tccn|-
c+ dc |o+dm+ cons|dc|+ndo o cscct|o m+|s +m|o
dos scto|cs |ndust||+|s |n|+t|z+ os dcs+os c |csu|-
t+dos obt|dos du|+ntc o t|+b+||o com os scgu|ntcs
scto|cs |ndust||+|s b|+s||c||os +c|on+ut|co c+|+dos
|+st|cos movc|s cu|+mcntos mcd|cos c tcxt|| ^s
|ccomcnd+ocs n+|s +|+ cstudos |oscct|vos nio
sio com+|t|||+d+s dcv|do n+tu|cz+ scns|vc| d+s
|n|o|m+ocs
alavras-cbave: |cesn: |caaoa |nov+io Com-
ct|t|v|d+dc cto| |ndust||+|
|cesn: |oost+ dc um+ mctodo|og|+ v|s+ndo +o |o|t+|cc|mcnto
d+ comct|t|v|d+dc dos scto|cs |ndust||+|s b|+s||c||os
,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;-.o ,u|-dcz .oo,
dcsc,o dc to|n+| v+||os scto|cs |ndust||+|s m+|s comct|t|vos n+ cconom|+ g|ob+| +|ovc|t+ndo
+s su+s |o|+s c suc|+ndo su+s ||+ucz+s
|stc +|t|go +|cscnt+ + mctodo|og|+ dc |osccio dcnom|n+d+ /cesn: scto||+| dcscnvo|v|-
d+ c|o Ccnt|o dc Ccstio c |studos |st|+tcg|cos (CC||) +|+ |dcnt|||c+| oo|tun|d+dcs c cv|t+|
+mc++s +|+ sc|s scto|cs |ndust||+|s nos |ox|mos +, +nos ^ mctodo|og|+ |o| c||+d+ du|+ntc o
dcscnvo|v|mcnto dc sc|s |o,ctos dc cstudos dc |utu|o so||c|t+dos c|+ ^gcnc|+ ||+s||c||+ dc |c-
scnvo|v|mcnto |ndust||+| (^|||) o|g+n|z+io scm ||ns |uc|+t|vos com + m|ssio dc |omovc| o
dcscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co c |ndust||+| b|+s||c||o Os ||nc|+|s |csu|t+dos dcsscs cstudos |o|-
nccc|+m o||cnt+ocs +|+ |m|cmcnt+| o||t|c+s dc dcscnvo|v|mcnto |ndust||+|
^ b+sc d+ +bo|d+gcm mctodo|og|c+ do /cesn: scto||+| c + tccn|c+ dc caaoa (C^|V||
.oo|) (|||C| ct +| .oo|) (|^^ .oo|) uc |o| +d+t+d+ +|+ +tcndc| +s ncccss|d+dcs cscc|||-
c+s dc c+d+ scto| |ndust||+| O scto| +c|on+ut|co o| cxcm|o d+ um+ |o|tc cn|+sc + tccno|og|+
cngcn|+||+ c |nov+io O cstudo |oscct|vo cnvo|vcu o|t+nto um+ +n+||sc dos dcscnvo|v|-
mcntos s|gn|||c+t|vos uc tcm s|do |c|tos cm c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ no scto| +c|on+ut|co |o| out|o
|+do o cstudo do scto| dc c+|+dos |o| ccnt|+do cm nov+s tccno|og|+s c |occssos cmc|gcntcs
v|s+ndo |oduz|| c+|+dos dc cou|o dc mc||o| u+||d+dc cons|dc|+ndo +s ncccss|d+dcs dc sus-
tcnt+b|||d+dc +mb|cnt+|
|stc +|t|go comc+ com um+ b|cvc dcsc||io dos concc|tos |cscntcs no contcxto |ndust||+|
do ||+s|| |m scgu|d+ c +|cscnt+d+ + custom|z+io d+ tccn|c+ dc caaoa c su+ +||c+io nos
d||c|cntcs scto|cs |ndust||+|s ||n+|mcntc o documcnto +|cscnt+ os |csu|t+dos c +n+||s+ os no-
vos dcs+||os d+ c|+bo|+io dc um |+no dc |m|cmcnt+io com b+sc no cstudo dc |utu|o uc
odc +umcnt+| + comct|t|v|d+dc dos scto|cs |ndust||+|s O contcudo dcstc t|+b+||o cst+ |oc+-
do cxc|us|v+mcntc n+ mctodo|og|+ dc /cesn: c no +mb|cntc +|+ su+ +||c+io Os |csu|t+dos
||n+|s do cstudo nio sio +|cscnt+dos dcv|do n+tu|cz+ scns|vc| d+s |n|o|m+ocs
2. Conceitos utilizados no foresight setorial
|stc c+|tu|o +|cscnt+ c|cmcntos c|+vc +|+ + com|ccnsio do |o|cs|g|t scto||+| |nt|oduz|ndo
suc|nt+mcntc o s|gn|||c+do dc concc|tos |mo|t+ntcs us+dos n+ mctodo|og|+
2.1. Inovao e desenvolvimento sustentvel
O tc|mo |nov+io c on||cscntc |o,c cm d|+ |mbo|+ o concc|to tcn|+ +ss+do o| +|gum+s
t|+ns|o|m+ocs n+s u|t|m+s dcc+d+s + csscnc|+ dc scu s|gn|||c+do c|m+nccc |n+|tc|+d+ c + +cc|-
C|+ud|o C|+u|c ^d||+no C+|v+o ^nton|o V+z C||d+ |+ss+|| & |c||o |c||ows
+o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;-.o ,u|-dcz .oo,
t+io c|+ soc|cd+dc dc um novo |oduto sc|v|o ou |occsso |u|t+s cm|cs+s c o|g+n|z+ocs
no ||+s|| ,+ cntcndcm c busc+m + |nov+io como + |omcss+ dc |osc||d+dc |os cstudos dc
|utu|o +|cscnt+dos ncstc t|+b+||o + |nov+io t+mbcm cst+ |c|+c|on+d+ com o concc|to dc
sustcnt+b|||d+dc ondc nio sc t|+t+ +cn+s do dcscnvo|v|mcnto dc co|s+s nov+s c +umcnto d+
comct|t|v|d+dc m+s t+mbcm |nc|u| + |+t|c+ dc |csc|v+| os s|stcm+s dc sustcnt+io do |+-
nct+ mc||o|+ndo os +d|ocs dc v|d+ +|+ todos |o| cxcm|o um novo |oduto d||cc|on+do
+|+ um scgmcnto cscc|||co dc mc|c+do odc sc| |c,c|t+do c|os consum|do|cs sc |ovoc+|
um sc||o |m+cto ncg+t|vo sob|c o mc|o +mb|cntc
2.2. Aprendizagem organizacional versus setorial
^|cnd|z+gcm o|g+n|z+c|on+| c um+ c+|+ctc||st|c+ dc o|g+n|z+ocs +d+t+t|v+s ou sc,+ um+ o|-
g+n|z+io uc c c++z dc dctcct+| +|tc|+ocs + +|t|| dc s|n+|s do scu +mb|cntc c sc +,ust+| +dc-
u+d+mcntc |stc concc|to cm|cst+do d+ +|c+ dc tco||+ o|g+n|z+c|on+| |o| cx+nd|do cm cstu-
dos dc |utu|o +|+ |nc|u|| um+ c|scct|v+ m+|s +m|+ dc c+d+ scto| |ndust||+| |+d|ocs scto||+|s
dc +|cnd|z+gcm cmc|g||+m u+ndo com|tcs consu|t|vos |o|+m |o|m+dos +|+ suc|v|s|on+|
c+d+ cstudo Os com|tcs consu|t|vos comostos o| mcmb|os |c|cscnt+t|vos dc c+d+ scto|
t|vc|+m + t+|c|+ csscnc|+| dc tom+| dcc|socs cst|+tcg|c+s +|+ os scus scto|cs com b+sc n+ |ntc-
||gcnc|+ cst|+tcg|c+ o||und+ d+s tcndcnc|+s obsc|v+d+s c dos d||vc|s do mc|c+do ^ +b|+ngcnc|+
d+ +|cnd|z+gcm scto||+| c o|t+nto dc||n|d+ dc |o|m+ +dcu+d+ cons|dc|+ndo-sc o |oco dc
c+d+ scto| +s su+s ncccss|d+dcs dc gcstio c dc||c|cnc|+s c su+ c++c|d+dc dc |m|cmcnt+io do
|+nc,+mcnto cst|+tcg|co cm um n|vc| m+|s +m|o
2.3. Inteligncia estratgica para o setor industrial
^ |ntc||gcnc|+ cst|+tcg|c+ c mu|t+s vczcs + ncccss|d+dc dc |o|mu|+| o||t|c+s cm n|vc| n+c|on+| c
|ntc|n+c|on+| |cstc +|t|go |ntc||gcnc|+ cst|+tcg|c+ c cons|dc|+d+ + +|t|| d+ c|scct|v+ d+ gcs-
tio do con|cc|mcnto +b|+ngcndo c|nco +t|v|d+dcs dc |ntc||gcnc|+ o|g+n|z+c|on+| |+c|oc|n|o
cogn|io +|cnd|z+gcm mcmo||+ c comun|c+io (|||| +,,,) (^|C|| ct +| .oo;) |+c|oc|n|o
cst+ |c|+c|on+do com o ob,ct|vo m+|o| dc cx|css+| +s g|+ndcs ucstocs d+ cst|+tcg|+ scto||+| c
su+s |c|+ocs c |m+ctos cm cm|cs+s ^ cogn|io |ovc o scto| com os mc|os +|+ conduz|| os
ncgoc|os csscnc|+|s com o con|cc|mcnto ncccss+||o +|+ +|c+n+| os mc||o|cs |csu|t+dos com
u+||d+dc ^ +|cnd|z+gcm |c+|+ o scto| +|+ sustcnt+| c mc||o|+| + su+ c++c|d+dc dc ||d+|
com +s mud+n+s mund|+|s ^ mcmo||+ c b+sc+d+ n+ ncccss|d+dc dc documcnt+| c |ccuc|+|
|+tos |mo|t+ntcs uc tcm o otcnc|+| +|+ +o|+| |occssos com|cxos dc tom+d+ dc dcc|sio
||n+|mcntc + comun|c+io c csscnc|+| +|+ d|sscm|n+| o con|cc|mcnto sob|c +ocs cst|+tcg|-
c+s ^ ||m dc |o|nccc| + mc||o| o||cnt+io +|+ os +to|cs scto||+|s d||c|cntcs t|os dc c++c|-
d+dcs c |ccu|sos sio ut|||z+dos +|+ +) mon|to|+| c |ntc||ct+| os s|n+|s |c|cv+ntcs do mc|c+do
|cesn: |oost+ dc um+ mctodo|og|+ v|s+ndo +o |o|t+|cc|mcnto
d+ comct|t|v|d+dc dos scto|cs |ndust||+|s b|+s||c||os
++
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;-.o ,u|-dcz .oo,
g|ob+| .) +n+||s+| +s cst|+tcg|+s dc ncgoc|os cnt|c cm|cs+s c cm scgmcntos dc mc|c+do c ,)
+ux|||+| n+ tom+d+ dc dcc|socs o| cxcm|o com s|mu|+io o| comut+do|
2.4. Abordagens prospectivas estratgicas e ferramentas
|m dos m+|o|cs dcs+||os +|+ +,ud+| os dcc|so|cs uc |ocu|+m n+vcg+| n+ com|cx|d+dc do
mundo +tu+| c sc m+ntc|cm comct|t|vos c o dc +ntcc|+| +s ncccss|d+dcs c dcscob||| tcndcnc|+s
|c|cv+ntcs |o /cesn: cst|+tcg|co v+||+s +bo|d+gcns c |c||+mcnt+s t+|s como +s consu|t+s |c|-
|| ccn+||os ucst|on+||os ctc odcm sc| us+dos +|+ obtc| + o|n|io dc cscc|+||st+s c gc|+| +s
oocs |utu|+s uc os dcc|so|cs odcm csco||c| (C||O||| c |^|| .ooe) ^ c|+vc +|+ o
succsso no c+so dos cstudos d+ ^||| |o| cv|t+| um con,unto dc mctodos c +d|ocs ||g|dos cm
vcz d|sso otou-sc o| sc|cc|on+| c c|son+||z+| os mctodos c |c||+mcnt+s +|+ c+d+ scto|
3. Programa para aumentar a competitividade de setores
industriais
|m cont|+stc com os +|scs cmc|gcntcs m+|s d|nm|cos o ||+s|| nio +com+n|ou + cvo|uio
dos modc|nos scto|cs |ndust||+|s u+ t+x+ mcd|+ dc c|csc|mcnto +nu+| tcm s|do bcm |n|c||o|
d+ C||n+ c |nd|+ c cm +|guns scto|cs |ndust||+|s +s |ndust||+s cstio sc conso||d+ndo c scndo
+du|||d+s o| cm|cs+s mu|t|n+c|on+|s ^ |cgu|+io +tu+| o +mb|cntc ||sc+| dc +|t+ t+x+io d|-
||cu|d+dcs +dm|n|st|+t|v+s g+|g+|os dc |n||+cst|utu|+ c dc||c|ts dc comctcnc|+s co|ct|v+mcntc
+c|csccnt+m custos cxccss|vos +|+ +s cm|cs+s |+zc|cm ncgoc|os c tcm |mu|s|on+do os |n-
vcst|mcntos +|+ |o|+ do +|s |m |csost+ + css+ s|tu+io o govc|no b|+s||c||o +nunc|ou um+
nov+ o||t|c+ |ndust||+| |o||t|c+ dc |cscnvo|v|mcnto ||odut|vo (|||) uc v|s+ |ccuc|+| o
c|csc|mcnto cconom|co +cc|c|+do c |cduz|| os custos dc ||n+nc|+mcnto g|ob+| c + c+|g+ ||sc+|
uc +tu+|mcntc cs+m sob|c d|vc|sos scto|cs |ndust||+|s O ob,ct|vo g|ob+| d+ ||| c |co|g+n|-
z+| scto|cs cst|+tcg|cos +umcnt+| + su+ comct|t|v|d+dc no mc|c+do g|ob+| c +umcnt+| vcnd+s
cxtc|n+s dc |odutos dc v+|o| +g|cg+do
^ ||| |o| |+n+d+ no |n|c|o dc .oos c|+ ^||| c |o| +|c|+|mcntc b+sc+d+ nos cstudos |oscct|-
vos do CC|| dcscnvo|v|dos +|+ sc|s scto|cs |ndust||+|s +c|on+ut|co c+|+dos |+st|cos movc|s
cu|+mcntos mcd|cos c tcxtc|s ^|gum+s o||cnt+ocs |o|+m cons|dc|+d+s n+ csco||+ dc c+d+
scto| |ndust||+| |||mc||o o scto| dcvc||+ tc| c|cmcntos uc ,ust|||c+sscm os cs|o|os +|+ mc||o-
|+| su+ os|io comct|t|v+ +o |ongo dos |ox|mos +, +nos |o| cxcm|o dcvc||+ tc| um s|stcm+
dc |oduio dcscnvo|v|do um+ c+dc|+ dc |o|ncc|mcnto com +|gum+ v+nt+gcm comct|t|v+ c
|n|c|+t|v+s dc csu|s+ c dcscnvo|v|mcnto +tu+||z+d+s uc odc||+m +bso|vc| |nov+ocs |nc|c-
C|+ud|o C|+u|c ^d||+no C+|v+o ^nton|o V+z C||d+ |+ss+|| & |c||o |c||ows
+:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;-.o ,u|-dcz .oo,
mcnt+|s ou |+d|c+|s ^ssoc|+ocs ||dc|cs c comun|d+dcs |ndust||+|s t+mbcm dcvc||+m m+n||cs-
t+| scu dcsc,o dc +|t|c|+| do cstudo c cmcn|+|-sc cm +o|+| +s |ccomcnd+ocs ||n+|mcntc
c+d+ scto| |ndust||+| sc|cc|on+do dcvc||+ sc| c++z dc c||+| um+ s|nc|g|+ os|t|v+ cnt|c govc|no
|nst|tu|ocs dc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ un|vc|s|d+dcs c |ndust||+ O ob,ct|vo ||nc|+| c|+ c|cg+| +
um +co|do sob|c + |m|cmcnt+io c m+nutcnio dos |+nos cst|+tcg|cos sugc||dos
|+|+ c+d+ cstudo um Com|tc Consu|t|vo |o| const|tu|do +|+ suc|v|s|on+| o dcscnvo|v|mcnto
d+ cst|+tcg|+ c tc| cc|tcz+ dc uc c|+ odc||+ sc| |m|cmcnt+d+ ^ ^||| csco||cu cu|d+dos+-
mcntc os +to|cs |mo|t+ntcs dc c+d+ scto| |ndust||+| +|+ |+zc| +|tc do |o,cto |c|cscnt+ntcs
do ||n|stc||o do |cscnvo|v|mcnto |ndust||+ c Comc|c|o |xtc||o| (|||C) do Consc||o |+c|o-
n+| dc |cscnvo|v|mcnto |ndust||+| (C|||) c do ||n|stc||o d+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ (|C) t+m-
bcm |o|+m cnvo|v|dos cm c+d+ cstudo
4. Abordagem CGEE para os estudos prospectivos setoriais
^o |ongo dc um +no c mc|o c||odo do u+| o CC|| dcscnvo|vcu csscs cstudos + +bo|d+gcm
dc |o|cs|g|t cst|+tcg|co |o| +,ust+d+ c +||mo|+d+ dc |o|m+ + |nco|o|+| +s v+||+d+s ncccss|d+dcs
dc c+d+ scto| |ndust||+| |m+ v|sio gc|+| d+ +bo|d+gcm mctodo|og|c+ dc u+t|o |+scs uc cons-
t|tu| o /cesn: scto||+| do CC|| c most|+d+ n+ ||gu|+ + Os mctodos |c||+mcnt+s c |csu|t+dos
dc c+d+ |+sc sio +|cscnt+dos d||ct+mcntc sob su+s |cscct|v+s +t|v|d+dcs
Denio Mtodos
de Prospeco &
Plano de Trabalho
Negociao
com o setor
Termo de Referncia
& Comit Gestor
Panorama do
Setor Industrial
Segmento
Priorizado
Reunies
Segmentao
& Priorizao
Denio de
recomendaes
Desenvolvimento de
Viso e Objetivos
Estratgicos
Busca e
Processamento
de Dados
Reviso de Literatura
Consultas Online
Estrutura de 6 dimenses
Varredura de Tendncias
Ocinas Estratgicas
SWOT Prospectivo
Denio de
Recomendaes
Deteco e
Monitoramento
de Tendncias
Denio de
Estratgias e Mapas
R
e
s
u
l
t
a
d
o
s
F
e
r
r
a
m
e
n
t
a
s
A
t
i
v
i
d
a
d
e
s
FASE 1
Pre-foresight
FASE 2
Entendendo o
Presente
FASE 3
Entendendo o
Futuro
FASE 1
Prospectando
Oportunidades Futuras
Mapa Tecnolgico;
Mapa Estratgico
e Recomendaes
|lgura +. V|sio d+ +bo|d+gcm mctodo|og|c+ dc u+t|o ct++s do |o|cs|g|t scto||+| do CC||
|cesn: |oost+ oc um+ mctooo|og|+ v|s+noo +o |o|t+|cc|mcnto
o+ comct|t|v|o+oc oos scto|cs |noust||+|s b|+s||c||os
+,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;-.o ,u|-ocz .oo,
4.1. Pr-foresight
|+ |+sc oc |/cesn: o |+no oc t|+b+||o c +s |c||+mcnt+s oc |osccio +ocu+o+s sio oc||-
n|oos |m+ o+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s o+ mctooo|og|+ oc /cesn: scto||+| oo CC|| c o cnvo|v|mcnto c
com|omct|mcnto oos occ|so|cs-c|+vc no ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ |osccio c n+ su+ +v+||+io
^ ^||| tcvc um +c| |mo|t+ntc n+ ncgoc|+io com o scto| ncst+ |+sc |n|c|+| Como um+ cnt|-
o+oc o||t|c+ uc n+vcg+ cm tooos os n|vc|s oo govc|no o ob,ct|vo ||nc|+| o+ ^||| c|+ c|su-
+o|| c +sscgu|+| o com|omct|mcnto oos |c|cscnt+ntcs oo Com|tc Consu|t|vo uc ooc||+m
+,uo+| + o|g+n|z+| o scto| mc||o|+noo + su+ comct|t|v|o+oc g|ob+| O Com|tc |o| cnc+||cg+oo
oc +sscsso|+| c v+||o+| os |csu|t+oos oc c+o+ |+sc oo cstuoo c tcvc + +|t|c|+io oc |c|cscnt+n-
tcs o+s ||nc|+|s +ssoc|+ocs |noust||+|s cm|cs+s |nst|tu|ocs govc|n+mcnt+|s un|vc|s|o+ocs c
o|g+n|z+ocs scm ||ns-|uc|+t|vos
4.2. Entendendo o presente
^ ||mc||+ |+sc o+ +bo|o+gcm mctooo|og|c+ |oscct|v+ oo CC|| c ocsc|cvc| +s c+|+ctc||st|c+s
+tu+|s c + o|nm|c+ oc mc|c+oo oo scto| |noust||+| tio oct+||+o+mcntc u+nto oss|vc| |ntcn-
oc| o |cscntc c um c|cmcnto c|+vc +|+ c||+| um+ v|sio comum oo |utu|o uc |ct|+tc onoc
o scto| |noust||+| uc| cst+| nos |ox|mos +nos +|t|cu|+|mcntc cm ucstocs |c|+c|on+o+s +o
ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccno|og|+ c |oout|v|o+oc
Co|ct+ oc o+oos c + ||nc|+| +t|v|o+oc ncst+ |+sc com v|st+s + ocsc|cvc| o ccn+||o oc c+o+ scto|
|noust||+| o||+noo +|+ ucstocs |c|+c|on+o+s +os +v+nos tccno|og|cos c soc|occonom|cos O
|oco oo cstuoo ,+ ocvc cst+| bcm oc||n|oo ou +s |n|o|m+ocs co|ct+o+s ooc|io sc| cxccss|v+s c
|cv+| + |ccomcno+ocs |ncons|stcntcs ou c||onc+s |m |+no oc co|ct+ cst|utu|+oo c o|t+nto
+ b+sc ocss+ ct++ O u+o|o oc |c|c|cnc|+ +|cscnt+oo n+ ||gu|+ . ||ust|+ o |+no oc +io ut|-
||z+oo cm cstuoos oc |utu|o
|u+s v|socs |mo|t+ntcs sio ocsc||t+s +c|m+ +) + v|sio oo scto| |noust||+| uc |nc|u| +s |ontcs
uc o ocsc|cvcm c .) + v|sio gc|+| uc os|c|on+ o scto| n+ cconom|+ g|ob+| +t|+vcs o+s |cntcs
o+s o|mcnsocs cscc|||c+s ^ co|ct+ oc o+oos comc+ com + |ocnt|||c+io oc |ontcs com|ct+s
|c|cv+ntcs c con||+vc|s |csmo uc cst+ +|c+ sc| + +|tc m+|s |+c|| oo cstuoo |oscct|vo cx|s-
tcm v+||os ocs+||os n+ csco||+ oc |ontcs oc o+oos no ||+s|| |nc|u|noo +s cst+t|st|c+s u|t|++ss+-
o+s c um+ |+|t+ oc |ontcs sccuno+||+s con||+vc|s c + co|ct+ oc o+oos nio |o| bcm cst|utu|+o+ c
sc nio +b|+ngc| um+ +m|+ v+||co+oc oc |ontcs ooc com|omctc| os |csu|t+oos o+ |oscc-
io c o+| |n|o|m+ocs c||+o+s +|+ os occ|so|cs
Como ||mc||+ |+sc oo cxc|c|c|o |oscct|vo + co|ct+ oc o+oos tcm uc sc| com|ct+ cm su+
+b|+ngcnc|+ c oct+||cs |cvc |o|nccc| um+ v|sio oc ,eo g|+us o+s |ontcs oc o+oos uc oocm
C|+uo|o C|+u|c ^o||+no C+|v+o ^nton|o V+z C||o+ |+ss+|| & |c||o |c||ows
+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;-.o ,u|-ocz .oo,
cst+bc|ccc| um+ bo+ b+sc +|+ o |occsso occ|so||o |o| cxcm|o u+noo sc cons|oc|+ + con-
co||cnc|+ g|ob+| c |mo|t+ntc cx+m|n+| os novos +to|cs os ||nc|+|s conco||cntcs cm tooo o
munoo +s cm|cs+s ||oc|cs +s cm|cs+s b|+s||c||+s c o +mb|cntc +|+ ncgoc|os no ||+s|| bcm
como + cst|utu|+ o+ c+oc|+ |oout|v+ oo |+|s |m+ bo+ +tcnio +os oct+||cs g+|+nt||+ um n|vc|
oc con||+n+ +ocu+o+ +|+ o cxc|c|c|o |oscct|vo
Mercado
Social
Econmica
Tecnolgica
Inovao
Estratgias
Competitivas
Novos Players
Empresas Lderes Patentes
Infraestrutura
Talentos
Mapa de
Competncia
Grupos
de P&D
Investimentos
Poltico
Institucional
Dimenses
Especcas
de Impacto
Desenho
Brasil
Cadeia Produtiva
Principais Paises
Competidores
Estrutura de
aquisio de dados
Vises da
Indstria Setorial
Vises de Anlise
Patentes
Escolha Segmento
Transversal
de Impacto
Sistmico
|lgura :. u+o|o |c|c|cnc|+| o+ co|ct+ oc o+oos
^ |ntc||ct+io o+s |n|o|m+ocs co|ct+o+s c o|g+n|z+o+ com b+sc cm o|mcnsocs-c|+vc uc
ocvcm tc| um+ ||g+io cst|+tcg|c+ com o cxc|c|c|o |oscct|vo |+|+ os scto|cs |noust||+|s cstu-
o+oos |o|+m ut|||z+o+s +s scgu|ntcs o|mcnsocs mc|c+oo tccno|og|+ |nvcst|mcntos |ccu|sos |u-
m+nos |n||+cst|utu|+ c +mb|cntc o||t|co-|nst|tuc|on+| ^ u+nt|o+oc oc o+oos +t||bu|o+ + c+o+
o|mcnsio c su||c|cntc u+noo sc |o|ncccm cv|ocnc|+s su||c|cntcs sob|c o scto| |noust||+| c scus
scgmcntos oc mc|c+oo ^ u|t|m+ ct++ ocst+ |+sc c + ||o||z+io oc scgmcntos oc mc|c+oo +|+
obtc| o |oco +|+ + |ox|m+ |+sc |n|oc+| um+ ou ou+s ||n|+s oc |ooutos ou tccno|og|+s +,uo+ +
ot|m|z+| os |ccu|sos oc csu|s+ c +||n|+| os |ntc|vcn|cntcs oo scto| cm um ob,ct|vo un|co
4.3. Perspectivas do futuro 1: montando um quebra-cabea
O ob,ct|vo o+ |+sc |c|scct|v+s oo |utu|o c g+n|+| |ntc||gcnc|+ |oscct|v+ +|+ o |occsso oc
tom+o+ oc occ|sio |st+ |+sc c scmc||+ntc + mont+| um ucb|+-c+bc+ onoc +|tcs o+ |n|o|-
m+io sio cu|o+oos+mcntc sc|cc|on+o+s c cm scgu|o+ co|oc+o+s oc vo|t+ cm con,unto +|+
vc| como sc cnc+|x+m ^o csco||c| +s c+s oc |n|o|m+io co||ct+s ocs|+zcnoo con|||tos c cx-
|o|+noo so|uocs um+ v|sio oo |utu|o c um |+no oc +io oocm sc| c||+oos
|cesn: |oost+ oc um+ mctooo|og|+ v|s+noo +o |o|t+|cc|mcnto
o+ comct|t|v|o+oc oos scto|cs |noust||+|s b|+s||c||os
+,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;-.o ,u|-ocz .oo,
^ v|sio oo |utu|o c o ||mc||o c|cmcnto uc |cc|s+ sc| oc||n|oo o| c+o+ scto| ^ occ|+|+io o+
v|sio c us+o+ +|+ octc|m|n+| como +|c+n+| + mct+ cst+bc|cc|o+ c|o scto| ||+ ocsc|cvc um+ s|-
tu+io ocsc,+o+ onoc + |noust||+ cst+ m+|s bcm os|c|on+o+ c +o mcsmo tcmo |c|cscnt+ um
ocs+||o +|+ +s +tu+|s c|scct|v+s oo |utu|o mot|v+noo os +gcntcs + |+nc,+| c +g|| cm con|o|m|-
o+oc (|||| c |||O| .oo;) ^ c|+bo|+io o+ occ|+|+io o+ v|sio oc |utu|o com um g|uo g|+n-
oc oc |c|cscnt+ntcs oc um scto| |noust||+| no cnt+nto c cxt|cm+mcntc com|cx+ c +|||sc+o+
Como um+ ||mc||+ occ|sio cst|+tcg|c+ +s v|socs c||+o+s nos cstuoos oc |utu|o oo CC|| b+-
sc+|+m-sc cm cc|tos t|os oc |n|o|m+io uc |nc|ucm +s ||nc|+|s ocscobc|t+s o||uno+s oo
+no|+m+ oo scto| tcnocnc|+s |cccntcs ontos |o|tcs ontos ||+cos oo|tun|o+ocs c +mc++s
oc c+o+ scto| ^ occ|+|+io oc v|sio c |c|t+ + +|t|| oc +|+v|+s o|g+n|z+o+s cm +|guns +|+g|+|os
su+ comos|io cnvo|vc mu|t+ o|scussio Com + ||n+||o+oc oc ||ust|+| o |csu|t+oo ||n+| ocsscs
cxc|c|c|os + v|sio oc |utu|o oo scto| oc movc|s c +|cscnt+o+ +b+|xo
^tcnoc| o mc|c+oo g|ob+| oc movc|s sc||+oos |cs|ocnc|+|s oc |o|m+ sustcnt+vc| com oc-
s|gn b|+s||c||o mco|+ntc + |nov+io c o +||mo|+mcnto cont|nuo o+ u+||o+oc
O ||sco cnvo|v|oo n+ c||+io oc um+ v|sio oc |ongo |+zo c o o||cc|on+mcnto oo scto| |nous-
t||+| +|+ um |umo uc ooc sc| com|ct+mcntc o||c|cntc oc como os cvcntos |c+|mcntc +con-
tcccm Como o munoo c |m|cv|s|vc| c + c|scct|v+ oc um un|co |utu|o c conocn+vc| o |utu|o
u+sc cc|t+mcntc nio oco||c|+ como c ocsc||to cm um+ occ|+|+io oc v|sio Com + v|sio no
cnt+nto os cxccut|vos oc c+o+ scto| cst+|io bcm o||cc|on+oos |c+|+noo-sc +|+ +|c+n+| o
|ug+| ocsc,+oo c o ob,ct|vo ||nc|+| c sc| m+|s comct|t|vo nos |ox|mos +, +nos cntio c|c
tc|+ uc |cv+| |sto + sc||o nos |ox|mos +nos c cont|nu+| + mon|to|+| o +mb|cntc +|+ +com+-
n|+| muo+n+s uc |ov+vc|mcntc ||io cx|g|| +,ustcs n+ v|sio c ob,ct|vos
|o |ox|mo |tcm ocsc|cvc-sc o con,unto oc o||ct||zcs ncccss+||+s +|+ t|+ns|o|m+| um+ v|sio
oc |utu|o cm |c+||o+oc
4.4. Perspectivas do futuro 2: a denio das diretrizes
Como ocsc||to +ntc||o|mcntc + comct|t|v|o+oc oos scto|cs |noust||+|s c |mu|s|on+o+ c|+
|nov+io c ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| Conscucntcmcntc o ucb|+-c+bc+ |oscct|vo
ooc sc| mont+oo oc v+||+s m+nc||+s ^ +bo|o+gcm ut|||z+o+ nos cstuoos |oscct|vos o+ ^|||
|o| consu|t+| os cscc|+||st+s sob|c +s |o|+s mot||zcs oo mc|c+oo c o+ tccno|og|+ |scc|+||st+s
o+ |noust||+ +c+ocm|+ c govc|no sc |cun||+m cm +|nc|s +|+ +v+||+| +s cono|ocs oc mc|c+oo c
|o|mu|+| o||ct||zcs o||cnt+o+s +|+ to|n+| |c+||o+oc v|sio oc |utu|o oo scto| |noust||+|
C|+uo|o C|+u|c ^o||+no C+|v+o ^nton|o V+z C||o+ |+ss+|| & |c||o |c||ows
+o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;-.o ,u|-ocz .oo,
^s o||ct||zcs |o|+m comost+s o| ||+scs cu|t+s |c|cscnt+noo t+|c|+s |mo|t+ntcs uc tcm o
otcnc|+| oc o|g+n|z+| + +mb|cntc oo scto| |noust||+| c |oouz|| s|nc|g|+s os|t|v+s ^s scntcn+s
|ovcn|cntcs o+ +n+||sc \O (|o|+s ||+ucz+s oo|tun|o+ocs c +mc++s) |o|+m o|g+n|z+o+s
com b+sc n+ o|mcnsio oc mc|c+oo oc |o|m+ uc + o|scussio uocssc sc conccnt|+| no +u-
mcnto o+ comct|t|v|o+oc oo scto| ^ +n+||sc |o|ncccu |no|c+oo|cs +|+ + cst|+tcg|+ g|ob+| uc
const|tu||+m +s c+s ||nc|+|s +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oos caaoas cst|+tcg|cos +|+ c+o+
scto| ^ +bc|+ + +|cscnt+ cxcm|os oc o||ct||zcs oc +|guns oos scto|cs
1abela +. |xcm|os oc o||ct||zcs
Ulretrlz Setor
|nco|o|+| tccno|og|+s cst|+tcg|c+s (|c n+notccno|og|+ c b|otccno|og|+) n+ c+oc|+
|oout|v+
C+|+oos
|x+no|| o m+||cts|+|c oc +c|on+vcs comc|c|+|s c comoncntcs no mc|c+oo n+c|on+| c
|ntc|n+c|on+|
^c|on+ut|co
C+n|+| +|t|c|+io no mc|c+oo oc m+|o| v+|o| +g|cg+oo nos |st+oos |n|oos c |u|o+ |ovc|s
|co:e /os:c ac |eseo.c'.oeo:c |oaas:a e Cco.c |\:ec /||C)
|m tooos os cstuoos cx|st|+m ob,ct|vos |cco||cntcs |c|+c|on+oos +os ocs+||os +tu+|s |stio |n-
c|u|oos o| cxcm|o + ncccss|o+oc oc mc||o|+| s|gn|||c+t|v+mcntc o ocscmcn|o oo s|stcm+
couc+c|on+| b|+s||c||o c |nvcst|| o||ct+mcntc cm |n||+cst|utu|+ |og|st|c+
O |oouto ||n+| ocst+ ct++ c um con,unto oc o||ct||zcs c++z oc mc||o|+| o os|c|on+mcnto
oo scto| |noust||+| O cxc|c|c|o oc |o|mu|+io oc o||ct||zcs |cvc|+ uc + o|mcnsio oo mc|c+oo
ooc sc| ut|||z+o+ +|+ |ntc|||g+| mct+s oc out|+s o|mcnsocs c |omovc| s|nc|g|+s cnt|c c|+s O
u|t|mo +sso c c||+| um+ c+ oc comun|c+io n+ |o|m+ oc um |o+om+ + ||m oc +||n|+| cst|+-
tcg|+s oc +|to n|vc| cs|o|os oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto ncccss|o+ocs oo mc|c+oo c |+nos oc ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co
4.5. Prospeco de oportunidades futuras
^ u|t|m+ |+sc o+ +bo|o+gcm mctooo|og|c+ oo |o|cs|g|t scto||+| oo CC|| c o ocscnvo|v|mcnto
oc |o+om+s cst|+tcg|cos c tccno|og|cos b+sc+oos cm oo|tun|o+ocs |ocnt|||c+o+s n+s |+scs +n-
tc||o|cs (C^|^||||^-|^O .oo|) (||zC|| c z^||| .oo.) Os |o+om+s sio gc|+|mcntc
ut|||z+oos no mb|to o+s cm|cs+s ocnt|o oc ||m|tcs bcm oc||n|oos oc scu +mb|cntc oc |n||u-
cnc|+ |o c+so o+ c||+io oc um |o+om+ +|+ o|vc|sos scto|cs |noust||+|s o concc|to ocvc sc|
+o+t+oo +|+ |nc|u|| ouc+s v+||+vc|s oc cont|o|c |m out|+s +|+v|+s + ||m oc +|ovc|t+| + s|-
|cesn: |oost+ oc um+ mctooo|og|+ v|s+noo +o |o|t+|cc|mcnto
o+ comct|t|v|o+oc oos scto|cs |noust||+|s b|+s||c||os
+)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;-.o ,u|-ocz .oo,
nc|g|+ o+s concxocs cnt|c os m+c|o-ob,ct|vos o||cc|on+oos +o +|c+ncc o+ v|sio oc um octc|m|-
n+oo scto| |noust||+| |o| ncccss+||o |cvc| c cont|o|+| +|gum+s v+||+vc|s |st+ +o+t+io +|cscnt+
o ||sco oc sc c|oc|cm |n||ucnc|+s cnt|c os m+c|o-ob,ct|vos uc cst|utu|+m + s|nc|g|+ o+ cst|+-
tcg|+ |+|+ +tcnu+| cssc ||sco + |ox|m+ |+sc c + c|+bo|+io oc um |+no oc cxccuio oct+||+-
oo |nt|oouz|noo t+nt+s v+||+vc|s u+nto ncccss+||+s oc mooo + |oouz|| um |+no oc ncgoc|os
+|+ scto|cs |noust||+|s cscc|||cos
Os c|cmcntos b+s|cos oo |o+om+ cst|+tcg|co |o|+m +s o||ct||zcs oc||n|o+s n+ |+sc +ntc||o| +
+|t|| o+ o|mcnsio oc mc|c+oo |ss+s o||ct||zcs t|vc|+m oc sc| |ntc||ct+o+s |uz oc scu |m+c-
to sob|c o s|stcm+ comct|t|vo oc c+o+ scto| c |coc||n||+m +s o||ct|v+s ou +s m+c|o-cst|+tcg|+s
o+ v|sio oo |utu|o O onto oc +|t|o+ +|+ cstc cxc|c|c|o |o| oc||n|| um con,unto oc c||tc||os
oc sc|cio c +v+||+io oc +|c+s oc oo|tun|o+oc uc ocvc|io no|tc+| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc |o-
+om+s cst|+tcg|cos |xt|+|| c||tc||os ob,ct|vos oc +v+||+ocs sub,ct|v+s |nc|u|u c|gunt+s +|+
|||t|+gcm t+|s como
|x|stcm +scctos |uno+mcnt+|s c c||t|cos uc ooc||+m |nt|oouz|| ou m+ntc| o scto| |n-
oust||+| no +mb|cntc comct|t|vo
^ cst|+tcg|+ cst|mu|+ o +mb|cntc comct|t|vo + o|g+n|z+| o scto| |noust||+| +|+ + com-
ct|io g|ob+|
ccno|og|+s cscc|c+s ooc||+m +|cscnt+| nov+s oo|tun|o+ocs +|+ o scto| |noust||+|
cont||bu|noo +|+ m+ntc| ou mc||o|+| + su+ comct|t|v|o+oc
^s o||ct|v+s |o|ncccm + cst|utu|+ +|+ v+||+s |ot+s oss|vc|s +|+ o |utu|o C+o+ |ot+ c |o|m+o+
o+ scgu|ntc m+nc||+
|cn|io o+ ||nc|+| cst|+tcg|+ +|+ +umcnt+| + comct|t|v|o+oc g|ob+|
O|g+n|z+io o+ cst|+tcg|+ cm o||ct|v+s uc tcm |m+cto |no|v|ou+| c s|stcm|co sob|c +
comct|t|v|o+oc oo scto| |noust||+|
|st|utu|+io oc c+o+ |oos|io cm um+ |ot+ o|g+n|z+o+ o| m+c|o-+ocs v|ncu|+o+s
+ ob,ct|vos cst|+tcg|cos cons|oc|+noo too+s +s o|mcnsocs oo cxc|c|c|o |oscct|vo |st+
o|g+n|z+io ocvc sc| com|ct+ c|+|+ c ob,ct|v+ +|+ + c||+io oc s|nc|g|+s c |omoio oc
um+ |o|tc c++c|o+oc +|+ o scto| |noust||+| +t|ng|| + v|sio oo |utu|o
C|+uo|o C|+u|c ^o||+no C+|v+o ^nton|o V+z C||o+ |+ss+|| & |c||o |c||ows
+s
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;-.o ,u|-ocz .oo,
5. Os desaos da realizao do foresight adaptado
Os cxc|c|c|os oc |osccio |oo|c|on+m osn:s c ,+nc|+s oc oo|tun|o+ocs +|+ mc||o|+| +
comct|t|v|o+oc oos scto|cs |noust||+|s cons|oc|+oos O ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc caaoas +|+ c+o+
scto| |noust||+| |o| um g|+noc ocs+||o ^ n+tu|cz+ c + m+tu||o+oc oc c+o+ scto| cx|g||+m um+
+bo|o+gcm ||cx|vc| cm |c|+io mctooo|og|+ oc /cesn: c o||c|||+m cm oo|s +scctos ||nc|+|s
Hlvel organlzaclonal ^|guns scto|cs |noust||+|s tcm c+oc|+s |oout|v+s ||+gmcnt+o+s
cnu+nto out|os sio o|g+n|z+oos com os ||nc|+|s +to|cs c +c|s bcm ocn|oos |c|+-
c|on+oos +o |occss+mcnto oc .cooca:es ocsoc + cxt|+io o+s m+tc||+s-||m+s +tc +
|oouio oc |ooutos +c+b+oos |o ||mc||o c+so + cst|+tcg|+ c m+|s |oc+o+ n+s o||c-
t||zcs +|+ |cso|vc| |ob|cm+s oc cu|to |+zo c mcnos cm oo|tun|o+ocs |utu|+s Com
um+ c+oc|+ oc |oouio ||+g|| os caaoas cst|+tcg|cos sugc|cm ||nc|+|mcntc +s
m+nc||+s oc o|g+n|z+| o scto| |noust||+| como um ||mc||o +sso +|+ +umcnt+| + com-
ct|t|v|o+oc |o c+so oos scto|cs o|g+n|z+oos com c+oc|+s oc |oouio m+ou|+s os
caaoas cst|+tcg|cos |o|+m |o,ct+oos +|+ |nc|u|| c +|+v+nc+| + comct|io g|ob+| |n-
c|o|noo m+|s sob|c +s o||ct||zcs oc mco|o c |ongo |+zos
Hlvel tecnologlco. O |oco o+ v|sio tc|+ |m+cto n+s |ccomcno+ocs sob|c nov+s tcc-
no|og|+s c como c|+s oocm sc| us+o+s +|+ mc||o|+| + comct|t|v|o+oc oc c+o+ scto|
|noust||+| |+|+ um con,unto oc scto|cs |noust||+|s + v|sio oo |utu|o c|+ +m|+ o suc|cn-
tc +|+ |nc|u|| cst|+tcg|+s cm tccno|og|+ c |nov+io uc v+||+|+m oc |nvcst|mcntos cm
+|c+s cscc|c+s oc csu|s+ +tc + |omoio oc cc|t|c+io c tcstcs |+|+ out|os scto|cs
onoc +s v|socs |nc|u||+m um scgmcnto oc mc|c+oo cscc|co ou um+ ||n|+ oc |oou-
tos +s cst|+tcg|+s |o|+m m+|s o||cnt+o+s c +o|+o+s o| um |o+om+ tccno|og|co +|cm
oo cst|+tcg|co
Out|o ocs+||o +|+ + |c+||z+io oos cstuoos oc |utu|o o+ ^||| |o| + gcstio oos v+||os +to|cs c|+-
vc oo |o,cto |m cc|tos c+sos +|guns +to|cs tom+|+m occ|socs c |m|cmcnt+|+m +ocs +ntcs
uc os |csu|t+oos oo |+no cst|+tcg|co |osscm o||c|+|mcntc ||bc|+oos Como +s +|tcs |ntc|cs-
s+o+s +,uo+|+m + c|+bo|+| +s o||ct||zcs c|cs t+mbcm cst+v+m |+nc,+noo cst|+tcg|+s +|+ scus
|o||os |ntc|csscs |ssc como|t+mcnto ooc |c,uo|c+| + cst|+tcg|+ oc +|+v+nc+| + comct|-
t|v|o+oc oo scto| |noust||+| o|s os |og|+m+s sio |m|cmcnt+oos scm +|ovc|t+| +s s|nc|g|+s
|stuoos |utu|os ocvc|io cons|oc|+| cstc |+to +|+ cv|t+| o|ssonnc|+s cnt|c cst|+tcg|+s c +ocs
|cesn: |oost+ oc um+ mctooo|og|+ v|s+noo +o |o|t+|cc|mcnto
o+ comct|t|v|o+oc oos scto|cs |noust||+|s b|+s||c||os
+,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;-.o ,u|-ocz .oo,
6. Resultados nais e concluso
Os cstuoos |oscct|vos +|+ o||c|cntcs scto|cs o+ |noust||+ b|+s||c||+ +|cscnt+|+m v+||os |c-
su|t+oos cm |c|+io + |occssos c |ooutos O ||mc||o |csu|t+oo o|z |csc|to c++c|o+oc oc
+|tc|+| +s c|ccocs c mot|v+| os +to|cs + |m|cmcnt+| oc |o|m+ |o+t|v+ +s |ccomcno+ocs
^ m+|o||+ oos scto|cs |noust||+|s csco|||oos +|+ os cxc|c|c|os |oscct|vos t|n|+m |n|c|+|mcntc
|+|t+ oc comct|t|v|o+oc m+s os scus o|||gcntcs cst+v+m +bc|tos +|+ + ncccss|o+oc oc |c|o|+|
+ su+ os|io cm |c|+io conco||cnc|+ g|ob+| |o| cst+ |+zio os cm|cs+||os most|+|+m |n|-
c|+|mcntc ocsc|cn+ cm u+|uc| t|o oc +o|o govc|n+mcnt+| c nio |o|+m c++zcs oc +v+||+|
o otcnc|+| oo cstuoo |stc como|t+mcnto |o| +|tc|+oo ou|+ntc + c|+bo|+io oos caaoas c
mco|o+ uc c|cs sc cnvo|vc|+m comc+|+m + mob|||z+| o +mb|cntc o||t|co +|+ |m|cmcnt+|
+s |ccomcno+ocs oo cstuoo |stc |o| cons|oc|+oo um cxcc|cntc |csu|t+oo oo cxc|c|c|o oc /ce
sn: o|uc os ||nc|+|s +gcntcs tcm ocst+c+oo c||oo|c+mcntc + c|t|ncnc|+ c + |mo|tnc|+
oc c+o+ cstuoo
Com |c|+io +os |csu|t+oos ||n+|s os caaoas cst|+tcg|cos c +s |ccomcno+ocs |o|+m ut|||z+-
oos como b+sc +|+ + nov+ |o||t|c+ |noust||+| |stc |csu|t+oo suc|ou +s cxcct+t|v+s |n|c|+|s c
ocvc|+ +,uo+| os +gcntcs + +||mo|+| o |occsso occ|so||o o| mc|o oc um |+no oc cxccuio
c|+|o ob,ct|vo c com|cto vo|t+oo +|+ |c|o|+| + comct|t|v|o+oc oos v+||os scto|cs |noust||+|s
u+nto +o+t+io o+ mctooo|og|+ + |m|cmcnt+io bcm succo|o+ oo /cesn: occnoc
oo |+c|oc|n|o ut|||z+oo +|+ cst|utu|+-|o c + c++c|o+oc oc |c|cscnt+| +scctos g|ob+|s |+ cx-
c||cnc|+ oos cstuoos oc |utu|o o+ ^||| os mc||o|cs |csu|t+oos |o|+m |mu|s|on+oos ||nc|-
+|mcntc c|+s |cst||ocs oo |cscntc c mcnos c|+s |ccomcno+ocs oos mctooos cscc|||cos
+||c+oos |+|ccc +|+oox+| o|uc +s mct+s oc |ongo |+zo sio comct|t|v|o+oc c |nov+io
|o| uc cntio +s +tu+|s ||m|t+ocs o||cc|on+m + mctooo|og|+ |m+ |+zio s|m|cs c uc o |u-
tu|o ocsc,+oo c c||+oo com b+sc n+s cono|ocs c ncccss|o+ocs +tu+|s c occnoc oc |+nos c
+ocs +tu+|s O ocsc,o oc sc| m+|s comct|t|vo nio c su||c|cntc +|+ g+|+nt|| um |utu|o oc su-
ccsso |+ m+|o||+ oos scto|cs |noust||+|s oo ||+s|| |+ mu|t+s ncccss|o+ocs b+s|c+s uc |cc|s+m
sc| s+t|s|c|t+s +ntcs uc o scto| oss+ |m|cmcnt+| |og|+m+s c +ocs +|+ +|c+n+| um |utu|o
ocsc,+oo ||+nc,+mcnto cm c+sos como cstc c um |occsso o|nm|co c tcvc uc sc| |c|to +|+
cncont|+| um cu|||b||o cnt|c +s ncccss|o+ocs oo |cscntc c ocsc,os oo |utu|o gc|+noo ocm+n-
o+s |ntc|mco|+||+s
C|+uo|o C|+u|c ^o||+no C+|v+o ^nton|o V+z C||o+ |+ss+|| & |c||o |c||ows
:o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;-.o ,u|-ocz .oo,
Agradecimentos
Os +uto|cs +g|+occcm s mu|t+s csso+s cu,+ co|+bo|+io c com|omct|mcnto +,uo+|+m n+
c|+bo|+io oos cstuoos scto||+|s c no ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ mctooo|og|+ +|cscnt+o+ ncstc +|t|-
go ^g|+occ|mcntos cscc|+|s cu|c tccn|c+ |nc|u|noo ||y+s |coc||os ||+v|o ^|buuc|uc
||cbc| ^|c+n|o| ||||+ | ouz+ ||||+nc |+n| |+|c|o |||+no+ +ntos |+|co |obo ||cn|t+ |+sc|-
mcnto |||ton o+ |+z |cg|n+ ||vc||o c |os+n+ |+u|uc| |ossos +g|+occ|mcntos + |||+nn+ y|vc|
c|+ cu|o+oos+ |cv|sio oo tcxto
Referncias
^|C|| ^ | |||| | ||||| | O|g+n|z+t|on+| |ntc|||gcncc + st|uctu|+t|on v|cw ournal or Organl-
zatlonal Cbange Management. v .0 n ! .00
C^|^||||^-|^O | | ct +| ^ st|+tcg|c |o+om+ |o| +ov+ncco v||tu+| o|g+n|z+t|ons |n CO||^-
|O|^|V| |ctwo||co O|g+n|z+t|ons ||ngc| .004
C^|V|| | |o+om+|ng + |+ct|t|onc|s uo+tc 1ecbnologlcal |orecastlng 8 Soclal Cbange, n 1
101-10! .004
CO|||^| ^C| ||c+m|ng w|t| |||Cs t|c +t| to .00 Clobal Lconomlcs aper, n Oct .00!
||son|vc| cm |tt;;wwwgscom;|ns|g|t;|csc+|c|;|co|ts;o|. ^ccsso |+n .00
|||| ^ |||O| | llnllng about tbe |uture gu|oc||ncs |o| st|+tcg|c |o|cs|g|t \+s||ngton oc|+|
cc|no|og|cs .00
|||| Organlzatlonal |ntelllgence and Ulstrlbuted A|. |csc+|c| |co|t o| t|c |nst|tutc o| |us|ncss
|n|o|m+t|cs |n|vc|s|ty o| |unstc| 1
|^^ | Cono|t|ons |o| ccct|vcncss o| |o+om+|ng + c|oss-scct|on+| +n+|ys|s o| c0 o|c|cnt |o+o-
m+|ng cxc|c|scs |n ||-| ||||^| ||\ |C||O|OC |O|||C| |O||C^||C
^|||| |||O| 1!-14 |+y .004 cv|||c cv|||c .004
||^|| ||n|stc||o oo |cscnvo|v|mcnto |noust||+ c Comc|c|o |xtc||o| - |||C olltlca de desenvolvl-
mento produtlvo 2008-20!0 ||son|vc| cm |tt;;wwwocscnvo|v|mcntogovb|;o;|nocx
|;s|t|o;|n|c|+|. ^ccsso cm 1 |+n .00
|||C| CO|\^ | |^|||| | ||||| | cc|no|ogy |o+om+|ng + ncw c|scct|vc |n ||-
| ||||^| ||\ |C||O|OC |O|||C| |O||C^||C ^|||| |||O|
1!-14 |+y .004 cv|||c cv|||c .004
||zC|| z^||| ^ |o+ocon + cu|oc+n st|+tcg|c |o+om+ tow+|os |now|cogc-|||vcn sust+|n+b|c
const|uct|on |n |C| |ov .00. roceedlngs |] C|v|| |ng|ncc||ng .00. 10v
C||O||| | |^|| | Com+||ng |cccnt tcc|no|ogy |o|cs|g|t stuo|cs |n |o|c+ +no C||n+ tow+|-
os |o|cs|g|t-m|noco govc|nmcnts |oreslgbt, v c n o .00o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
Segurana ciberntica: o desao da nova
Sociedade da Informao
Claudia Canongia

& Raphael Mandarino Junior

+ C|+uo|+ C+nong|+ c oouto|+ cm gcstio o+ |nov+io c|+ |sco|+ oc u|m|c+ (|) o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oo ||o oc |+nc||o
csu|s+oo|+ tccno|og|st+ oo |nst|tuto |+c|on+| oc |ct|o|og|+ |o|m+||z+io c u+||o+oc |noust||+| (|nmct|o) ^tu+|mcntc
cst+ cco|o+ +o C+b|nctc oc cgu|+n+ |nst|tuc|on+| o+ ||cs|ocnc|+ o+ |cub||c+ (C|||) +tu+noo n+ +sscsso||+ tccn|c+ oo |c-
+|t+mcnto oc cgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io c Comun|c+ocs (||C;C|||) |m+|| c|+uo|+c+nong|+,|+n+|togovb|
. |+|+c| |+no+||no |un|o| c o||cto| oo |c+|t+mcnto oc cgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io c Comun|c+ocs (||C) oo C+b|nctc oc
cgu|+n+ |nst|tuc|on+| o+ ||cs|ocnc|+ o+ |cub||c+ (C|||) |scc|+||st+ cm C|cnc|+ o+ Comut+io Ccstio o+ cgu|+n+ o+
|n|o|m+io c Comun|c+ocs c|+ |n|vc|s|o+oc oc ||+s|||+ (|n|) +tu+ |+ m+|s oc ,, +nos cm | c |o|m+io b+s|c+ cm m+tc-
m+t|c+ |m+|| |+|+c|m+no+||no,|+n+|togovb|
kesumo
O +|t|go |nt|oouz o tcm+ o+ scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+
su+ |mo|tnc|+ no ccn+||o +tu+| c os ocs+os o+
nov+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io uc tcm + |cvo|uio
tccno|og|c+ c + |nov+io como |+to|cs c||t|cos oc oc-
scnvo|v|mcnto ^|cscnt+ u+o|o |csumo o+ cst|+tc-
g|+ n+c|on+| oc scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ oos ||^ c oo
|c|no |n|oo como v|sio +no|m|c+ +|cm oc +|c-
scnt+| como o ||+s|| vcm const|u|noo os +ssos |n|-
c|+|s oc su+ t||||+ oc scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ |oonoo
+o n+| |ocos c|+vcs +|+ + |o|mu|+io o+ |st|+tcg|+
||+s||c||+ oc cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+
alavras-cbave. oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io cgu|+n+
C|bc|nct|c+ cgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io c Comun|c+-
ocs |nov+io
Abstract
's ae o:caa.es :ne saoe.: c/ .oese.a::,
:s oc:ao.e o :ne a.:aa' s.eoac aoa :ne
.na''eoes c/ :ne oe. |o/coa:co :c.e:, .n.n
nas :e.noc'c.a' e.c'a:co aoa ooc.a:co
as .:.a' /a.:cs c/ :ne ae.e'coeo: |eseo:s
saooa, :ao'e c/ :ne `a:coa' ::a:e, /c
Coese.a:, c/ :ne J:^ aoa J| as a aocao.
.e. aoa snc.s nc. :ne 8a' nas oeeo oa'ao
:ne o:a' s:es c/ :s :a.s c/ .oese.a:,
ccso a: :ne eoa e, /c.as /c :ne /coa'a:co
c/ :ne 8a'ao ::a:e, Coese.a:,
keywords. |o/coa:co :c.e:, C,oese.a:,
|o/coa:co aoa Ccooao.a:cos :e.a:,
|ooc.a:co
C|+uo|+ C+nong|+ & |+|+c| |+no+||no
::
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
1. Introduo
^ |cvo|uio uc +s tccno|og|+s oc |n|o|m+io c comun|c+io +s c|+m+o+s |Cs ,+ +|c+n+|+m
n+ soc|co+oc mooc|n+ c scm ouv|o+ m+|s oo uc c|cct|vc| c conc|ct+ +|+ + soc|co+oc com
|csu|t+oos b+st+ntc s+t|s|+to||os cm v+||os c+mos como comc|c|o c|ct|on|co couc+io o|s-
tnc|+ +tcno|mcnto mco|co o|stnc|+ |cocs soc|+|s ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|co-tccno|og|co
ocscnvo|v|mcnto cconom|co |omoio oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| ocnt|c out|os O sc-
to| o+s |Cs c mu|to o|nm|co c cx|gc um ||tmo +cc|c|+oo oc |nov+ocs c oc +ocs mu|t| c |ntc|-
o|sc|||n+|cs ooos os mov|mcntos b+sc+oos |o|tcmcntc no |ntc|cmb|o |+|oo oc |n|o|m+ocs
oc too+ o|ocm oc too+ +|tc oo munoo com o||c|cntcs n|vc|s oc u+||o+oc oc |ntcg||o+oc oc
con+b|||o+oc c oc scgu|+n+ o+uc|+ |n|o|m+io uc u| n+vcg+ n+ |coc muno|+| |ntc|nct
cm ouv|o+ + |ob|cm+t|c+ |c|c|cntc |nc|usio o|g|t+| c|m+nccc v|v+ +ss|m como +s ucstocs
sob|c + ||v+c|o+oc n+ |ntc|nct c |+zcm +|tc o+s mu|t||+s +gcno+s |ntc|n+c|on+|s +s u+|s sc
som+m +|no+ + ucstio o+ |csc|v+io o+s cscc|c|o+ocs |cg|on+|s c oos v+|o|cs cu|tu|+|s o+s
cconom|+s mcnos ocscnvo|v|o+s c cmc|gcntcs
|o|cm cst+s +bo|o+gcns |+zcm +|tc oc nosso o|+-+-o|+ m+|s |o|tcmcntc ocsoc o n+| o+ occ+-
o+ oc +,,o Os ,+|gocs como soc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io c cconom|+ g|ob+||z+o+ c+|+m comuns
c cm cc|t+ mco|o+ +tc b+n+||z+oos c|o uso cxccss|vo oos mcsmos
O munoo cm cscc|+| +uc|+ +|tc uc cong|cg+ +|scs ocscnvo|v|oos cm mu|to sc bcncc|ou
c cont|nu+ + sc bcncc|+| oos +v+nos uc +s |Cs vcm |omovcnoo
| m+|c+o+mcntc o tc||cno o+ +|t+ tccno|og|+ c o+ |nov+io const+ntcs com oom|n|o c|+|o oc
cm|cs+s oc +|scs ocscnvo|v|oos ^ convc|gcnc|+ tccno|og|c+ bomb+|oc+noo com nov|o+ocs
+ntcs ncm |m+g|n+o+s como o| cxcm|o +ccss+| |ntc|nct oo cc|u|+| c|m|t|noo +com+n|+|
cm+||s c +tc |c+||z+| t|+ns+ocs b+nc+||+s cnm mu|t||+s +||c+ocs sc|v|os c ncgoc|os uc
+s |Cs vcm |oo|c|on+noo sio c|csccntcs muno|+|mcntc ^ |nov+io ncst+ nov+ o|ocm
cconom|c+ vcm |omovcnoo cntio o| mc|o oo uso |ntcns|vo o+s |Cs um |o|t+|cc|mcnto
o+s |cocs soc|+|s o+s t|oc+s oc |n|o|m+io c con|cc|mcnto as: o :oe bcm como + gc|+io
oc novos |+b|tos c mc|os oc v|o+ +umcnt+noo c+o+ vcz m+|s + tcnocnc|+ o+ |nov+io +bc|t+
como moto| oos s|stcm+s n+c|on+|s oc |nov+io con|o|mc oc|cno|oo ||mc||+mcntc o|
C|csb|oug| (O|z^ | C^|O|C|^ .oo;)
|cstc onto c+bc cons|oc|+| o out|o |+oo o+ moco+ um+ vcz uc t+|s +v+nos o+s |Cs c|-
m|t||+m t+mbcm uc os c|+m+oos +t+ucs c|bc|nct|cos no ccn+||o +tu+| +|cscntcm csc+|+
muno|+| c|csccntc c sc c+|+ctc||zcm como o g|+noc ocs+o oo sccu|o |o|t+nto +sscgu|+| + o|s-
on|b|||o+oc + |ntcg||o+oc + conocnc|+||o+oc c + +utcnt|c|o+oc o+ |n|o|m+io c csscnc|+| +|+
cgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ o ocs+o o+ nov+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io
:,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
+ |o|mu|+io oc cst|+tcg|+s c +|+ o |occsso occ|so||o cscc|+|mcntc no mb|to oo +m|o cs-
cct|o oc comctcnc|+s o+ +om|n|st|+io ub||c+ |coc|+| |s|o|os sio cm|ccno|oos ob,ct|v+n-
oo + scgu|+n+ o+ soc|co+oc c oos |ntc|csscs oo |st+oo o|cm +s vu|nc|+b|||o+ocs c +mc++s
sio c|csccntcs n+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io
|st+ |+n+oo o g|+noc ocs+o |+|mon|z+| ou+s o|mcnsocs + ||mc||+ o|mcnsio o|z |csc|to
cu|tu|+ oo com+|t|||+mcnto o+ soc|+||z+io o+ t|+ns+|cnc|+ o+ c||+io oc con|cc|mcnto c +
scguno+ o|mcnsio |c|c|c-sc s ucstocs oc |otcio scgu|+n+ conocnc|+||o+oc c ||v+c|o+oc
O tcxto cst+ o|g+n|z+oo cm c|nco scssocs cm uc n+ ||mc||+ +|cscnt+-sc o contcxto c con-
cc|tos o+ scgu|+n+ o+ c|bc|nct|c+ n+ scguno+ cv|ocnc|+-sc um+ v|sio +no|m|c+ |c+|+noo
+ mot|v+io c + ,ust|c+t|v+ o+ ||o||o+oc oo tcm+ n+ ccn+||o +tu+| n+ tc|cc||+ +|cscnt+-sc +
cst|+tcg|+ n+c|on+| oc scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ oos ||^ c oo |c|no |n|oo n+ u+|t+ ocst+c+-sc
o ||+s|| ||cntc cst+ |ob|cm+t|c+ c csbo+-sc um+ |oost+ oos c|xos |uno+mcnt+|s +|+ + cs-
t|+tcg|+ n+c|on+| oc scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ oo ||+s|| c n+|mcntc n+ u|nt+ +|cscnt+m-sc +s
cons|oc|+ocs n+|s
2. Entendendo a segurana ciberntica
|m occo||cnc|+s oc t+nt+s muo+n+s soc|occonom|c+s c tccno|og|c+s o uc sc c|ccbc c um+
nov+ congu|+io o+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io
+

|m |c|nc|s-|cc cons|oc|+oo o +| o+ wc'a wae weo |omoto| o+ g|+noc |cvo|uio o+ o-
c|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io |cccntcmcntc |cmcmo|ou o |n|c|o oc scu t|+b+||o |+ .o +nos uc t|-
n|+ o ob,ct|vo oc |cun|| o+oos o|sc|sos c |ncom+t|vc|s o+noo o||gcm +o con|cc|oo www
Os +v+nos tccno|og|cos o|+ +|c+n+oos cstio c|m|t|noo uc + \cb cmnt|c+ ou |ntc|nct
,o cxtcnsio o+ |ntc|nct +tu+| sc,+ co|oc+o+ cm |+t|c+ cm |utu|o b|cvc o uc ooc|+ c|m|t||
+os comut+oo|cs c |um+nos t|+b+||+|cm cm cst|c|t+ cooc|+io ^ |ntc|nct ,o sc|+ c++z oc
o|g+n|z+| c us+| tooo o con|cc|mcnto o|son|vc| n+ |coc oc |o|m+ m+|s |ntc||gcntc m|stu|+n-
oo o+oos oc |ontcs o||c|cntcs |nst+nt+nc+mcntc + +|t|| oc o+oos +bc|tos c 'oaacs cnt|c s|
cgunoo |c|nc|s-|cc o m+|s |mo|t+ntc +o sc ocscnvo|vc| +|gum+ co|s+ n+ wcb c + un|vc|s+-
||o+oc ou sc,+ tooos tcm uc sc| c++zcs oc ut|||z+-|+ |noccnocntcmcntc o+ |+t+|o|m+ oo
s|stcm+ oc|+c|on+| oo oc.se ou o+ cu|tu|+
.

+ |cmb|+-sc uc + |n|o|m+io c um +t|vo uc como u+|uc| out|o +t|vo |mo|t+ntc +|+ os ncgoc|os tcm um v+|o| +|+ +
o|g+n|z+io c conscucntcmcntc ncccss|t+ sc| +ocu+o+mcntc |otcg|o+ (||| +;,,, .oo,)
. |m |c|nc|s-|cc convoc+ +|t|c|+ntcs o+ C+mus |+|ty ||+s|| +|+ const|u|| o |utu|o o+ |ntc|nct (+ccsso cm o.;o,;.oo,
||son|nc| cm bttp.}}www.campus-party.com.br}lndex.pbp}release-,.btml.)
C|+uo|+ C+nong|+ & |+|+c| |+no+||no
:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
|cstc scnt|oo c+bc o|zc| uc + |cocu+io t+nto com os contcuoos u+nto com o t|o oc uso
c + |cscct|v+ scgu|+n+ o+ |coc c|csccm cm |gu+| mco|o+ +os ocscnvo|v|mcntos tccno|og|cos
c +o numc|o oc usu+||os obsc|v+oos +o |ongo oos u|t|mos +nos
O n|vc| oc |cocu+io o+ +tu+||o+oc c m+|c+ntc cxcm||c+-sc com +s |ccomcno+ocs |csu|-
t+ntcs o+ |cun|io o+ O|g+n|z+io +|+ + Cooc|+io c o |cscnvo|v|mcnto |conom|co (OC||)
oco|||o+ cm m+|o oc .oo,
,
cm uc os ontos + sc|cm ocst+c+oos sob|c cst+ nov+ oc|co+oc
o+ |n|o|m+io |+ +|cscnt+oos |o|+m +) convc|gcnc|+ oc tccno|og|+s +umcnto s|gn|c+t|vo oc
s|stcm+s c |cocs oc |n|o|m+io +umcnto c|csccntc oc +ccsso |ntc|nct +v+nos o+s tccno|og|+s
oc |n|o|m+io c comun|c+io b) +umcnto o+s +mc++s c o+s vu|nc|+b|||o+ocs +ont+noo +|+
+ u|gcnc|+ oc +ocs n+ o||cio o+ c||+io m+nutcnio c |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+ cu|tu|+ oc scgu|+n-
+ c c) +mb|cntc cm const+ntc c |+|o+s muo+n+s
om+-sc uc n+uc|+ mcsm+ |cun|io o+ OC|| |o| |c+|+oo o tcm+ Cu|tu|+ oc cgu|+n+ como
vcto| cst|+tcg|co o+s |+ocs c os scgu|ntcs +scctos |o|+m co|oc+oos cm cv|ocnc|+ +) c+o+
+|tc cnvo|v|o+ tcm um |mo|t+ntc +c| +|+ +sscgu|+| + scgu|+n+ cm |unio oc su+s com-
ctcnc|+s c ocvcm sc| scns|b|||z+oos sob|c os ||scos +ssoc|+oos scgu|+n+ oc s|stcm+s c |cocs
oc |n|o|m+io c b) +s ucstocs oc scgu|+n+ ocvcm sc| ob,cto oc |cocu+io c |csons+b|||-
o+oc oc tooos os +to|cs sc,+ govc|n+mcnt+| cm|cs+||+| c oc out|os (csu|s+ c tc|cc||o scto|)
Os +|scs mcmb|os o+ OC|| no uc sc |c|c|c tcm+t|c+ o+ scgu|+n+ n+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|-
m+io cstio ocscnvo|vcnoo su+s cst|+tcg|+s b+sc+oos cm novc ||nc||os u+|s sc,+m +) scn-
s|b|||z+io sob|c ||scos scgu|| no|m+s c bo+s |+t|c+s |m|+nt+| cont|o|cs c cst+| cm +|c|t+
sob|c tooo t|o oc |ntc|concct|v|o+oc c |ntc|cnocnc|+ oc s|stcm+s c |cocs oc |n|o|m+io .)
|csons+b|||o+oc cntcnoc| + |mo|tnc|+ oc +v+||+| c +tu+||z+| s|stcm+t|c+mcntc +s o||t|c+s
|+t|c+s mco|o+s c |occo|mcntos oc scgu|+n+ +oot+oos +|+ s|stcm+s c |cocs oc |n|o|m+io
,) |csost+ +g|| |o+t|v+mcntc c cm cooc|+io |cvcn|noo octcct+noo c |csonocnoo +os
|nc|ocntcs |) ct|c+ |csc|t+| |ntc|csscs |cg|t|mos oc too+s +s +|tcs cnvo|v|o+s c|+bo|+| c +oo-
t+| |+t|c+s cxcm|+|cs n+ conouio o+ scgu|+n+ oc s|stcm+s c |cocs oc |n|o|m+io ,) ocmo-
c|+c|+ scgu|| c |o|t+|ccc| v+|o|cs |uno+mcnt+|s oc um+ soc|co+oc ocmoc|+t|c+ n+ scgu|+n+
oc s|stcm+s c |cocs oc |n|o|m+io e) +v+||+io oc ||scos m|n|m|z+| +mc++s c vu|nc|+b|||o+ocs
o| mc|o oc +ocs uc sc,+m +m|+s o b+st+ntc +|+ cng|ob+| os |+to|cs c||t|cos |ntc|nos c cx-
tc|nos (tccno|og|+s ||s|cos |um+nos o||t|cos sc|v|os oc tc|cc||os) ^ +v+||+io oc ||sco t+nto
c|m|t||+ octc|m|n+| o n|vc| oc ||sco +cc|t+vc| u+nto |+c|||t+|+ + +ooio oc mco|o+s oc cont|o|c
+|o||+o+s +o t|o oc |n|o|m+io + sc| |otcg|o+ ;) conccio |ntcg|+| scgu|+n+ como c|c-
mcnto csscnc|+| no |occsso oc |+nc,+mcnto mooc|+gcm c||+io c gcstio oc s|stcm+s c |coc
, O|g+n|z+t|on |o| |conom|c Co-Oc|+t|on +no |cvc|omcnt (O|C|) - Cu|oc||ncs |o| t|c ccu||ty o| |n|o|m+t|on ystcms +no
|ctwo||s ow+|os + cu|tu|c o| sccu||ty (^ootco +s + |ccommcno+t|on o| t|c O|C| Counc|| +t |ts +o,;t| css|on on ., |u|y
.oo.) |+||s O|C| .oo. .s
cgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ o ocs+o o+ nov+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io
:,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
oc |n|o|m+io com so|uocs |nov+oo|+s s) gcstio o+ scgu|+n+ coo|ocn+| c |ntcg|+| + +v+-
||+io oc ||scos c + c++c|o+oc oc |csost+ c |cso|uio oc |nc|ocntcs bcm como + +uo|to||+ oc
s|stcm+s c |cocs oc |n|o|m+io +|+ c||+| um s|stcm+ coc|cntc oc scgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io c
,) |c+v+||+io cx+m|n+| c |c+v+||+| + scgu|+n+ oc s|stcm+s c |cocs oc |n|o|m+io c |nt|oouz||
+s ncccss+||+s muo+n+s n+s |cscct|v+s o||t|c+s cst|+tcg|+s mco|o+s c |occo|mcntos
C+bc +c|csccnt+| uc o oocumcnto O|C| |e.cooeoaa:co c/ :ne Ccao.' co :ne |c:e.:co c/
C:.a' |o/coa:co |o/as:a.:ae
|
+|cscnt+ +s scgu|ntcs |ccomcno+ocs +os +|scs mcmb|os
o+ OC|| no uc t+ngc + |otcio o+s |n||+cst|utu|+s oc |n|o|m+io +) +oot+| o||t|c+ com
ob,ct|vos c|+|os no m+|s +|to n|vc| oc govc|no b) |ocnt|c+| +gcnc|+s oc govc|no c o|g+n|z+ocs
com comctcnc|+ (|csons+b|||o+oc c +uto||o+oc) +|+ |m|+nt+| + o||t|c+ c scus ob,ct|vos c)
cst+bc|ccc| mutu+ cooc|+io cnt|c os s:aenc'aes scto| ||v+oo +gcnc|+s tc|cc||o scto|
govc|no v|s+noo c|ct|v+ |m|+nt+io o+ o||t|c+ o) g+|+nt|| t|+ns+|cnc|+ n+ oc|cg+io oc
comctcnc|+ govc|n+n+ |+c|||t+noo c |o|t+|cccnoo + cooc|+io cm cscc|+| cnt|c go-
vc|no scto| ||v+oo c) |cvc| s|stcm+t|c+mcntc + o||t|c+ c |cscct|vo m+|co(s) |cg+|(|s) com
cscc|+| +tcnio s +mc++s m|n|m|z+noo ||scos c;ou ocscnvo|vcnoo novos |nst|umcntos c |)
cst+bc|ccc| n|vc|s oc scgu|+n+ cm s|stcm+s c |cocs oc |n|o|m+io c comun|c+ocs
^ cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+ vcm +ss|m sc c+|+ctc||z+noo c+o+ vcz m+|s como um+ |unio cst|+-
tcg|c+ oc govc|no c csscnc|+| m+nutcnio c |csc|v+io o+s |n||+cst|utu|+s c||t|c+s oc um
+|s t+|s como s+uoc cnc|g|+ oc|cs+ t|+nso|tc tc|ccomun|c+ocs o+ |o||+ |n|o|m+io cn-
t|c out|+s
2.1. Construindo conceitos
O c|bc|cs+o (ou cs+o c|bc|nct|co) c cons|oc|+oo como + mct+|o|+ uc ocsc|cvc o cs+o
nio ||s|co c||+oo o| |cocs oc comut+oo| not+o+mcntc + |ntc|nct onoc +s csso+s oocm sc
comun|c+| oc o||c|cntcs m+nc||+s como mcns+gcns c|ct|on|c+s s+|+s oc b+tc-+o g|uos oc
o|scussio ocnt|c out|os O tc|mo |o| c||+oo o| \||||+n C|bson cm scu |om+ncc |cu|om+n-
cc| (^||| .oo,)
|m |c|+io +os concc|tos t+nto oc cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+ u+nto oc |c|cs+ C|bc|nct|c+ c+bc
co|oc+| uc cstcs vcm scnoo const|u|oos com + |cscn+ oc o||c|cntcs c |mo|t+ntcs +gcntcs
no +|s |ntcnoc-sc uc o cscoo oc +tu+io o+ cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+ com|ccnoc +scctos c
| O|g+n|z+t|on |o| |conom|c Co-Oc|+t|on +no |cvc|omcnt (O|C|) Comm|ttcc |o| |n|o|m+t|on Comutc| +no Commun|-
c+t|on |o||cy (|CC| Comm|ttcc) O|C| |ccommcno+t|on o| t|c Counc|| on t|c ||otcct|on o| C||t|c+| |n|o|m+t|on |n||+s-
t|uctu|c (^ootco +s + |ccommcno+t|on o| t|c O|C| Counc|| +t |ts ++;.t| css|on on ,o ^||| .oos) cou|;|o|c+ |unc .oos
C|+uo|+ C+nong|+ & |+|+c| |+no+||no
:o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
+t|tuocs t+nto oc |cvcnio u+nto oc |c|cssio | +|+ + |c|cs+
,
C|bc|nct|c+ cntcnoc-sc uc +
mcsm+ com|ccnoc +ocs oc|+c|on+|s oc comb+tcs o|cns|vos
Como um onto oc +|t|o+ +|+ + const|tu|io oc um+ b+sc concc|tu+| ncst+ tcm+t|c+ +|no+
cm const|uio no +|s + scgu|ntc concc|tu+io oc scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ vcm scnoo +oot+o+
n+ cs|c|+ ub||c+ m+|s |oc+o+mcntc n+ comun|o+oc oc scgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io c comun|-
c+ocs u+| sc,+ scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ c cntcno|o+ como + +|tc oc +sscgu|+| + cx|stcnc|+ c +
cont|nu|o+oc o+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io oc um+ |+io g+|+nt|noo c |otcgcnoo no |s+o
C|bc|nct|co scus +t|vos oc |n|o|m+io c su+s |n||+cst|utu|+s c||t|c+s
e
| o|t+nto m+|o| uc
scgu|+n+ cm | o|s cnvo|vc csso+s c |occssos
^c|csccnt+-sc uc o concc|to cm |ng|cs oc C,oese.a:, |nc|u| scgunoo o |ea:oeo: c/ |c
oe'aoa :e.a:, ||:) + |cvcnio +os o+nos c+us+oos c|o uso nio +uto||z+oo o+ |n|o|m+io
c|ct|on|c+ c oc s|stcm+s oc comun|c+ocs c |cscct|v+ |n|o|m+io nc|cs cont|o+ v|s+noo +ssc-
gu|+| + conocnc|+||o+oc |ntcg||o+oc c o|son|b|||o+oc |nc|u|noo t+mbcm +ocs +|+ |cst+u|+|
+ |n|o|m+io c|ct|on|c+ c os s|stcm+s oc comun|c+ocs no c+so oc um +t+uc tc||o||st+ ou oc
um ocs+st|c n+tu|+|
;
V+|c |cct|| sob|c o concc|to co|oc+oo n+ c|scct|v+ o+ |o:eoa:coa' Ccooao.a:cos Joco
|J) cm uc C,oese.a:, s|gn|c+ b+s|c+mcntc |ovc| |otcio cont|+ +ccsso m+n|u|+io
c ocst|u|io nio +uto||z+o+ oc |ccu|sos c||t|cos c bcns +|s |ccu|sos c bcns v+||+m c occnocm
oo n|vc| oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto oos +|scs |ccnocm t+mbcm oo uc c+o+ +|s cons|oc|+ como
scnoo |ccu|so c||t|co os cs|o|os uc oocm c cstio o|sostos + |c+||z+| bcm como o+ +v+||+io
oo ||sco uc cstio o|sostos + +cc|t+| cm conscucnc|+ o+s |n+ocu+o+s mco|o+s oc scgu|+n-
+ c|bc|nct|c+ ^o|c|on+|mcntc +|+ cc|to numc|o oc +|scs ocscnvo|v|oos |+ out|+s +mc++s
t+|s como ||+uoc |otcio oo consum|oo| c ||v+c|o+oc +s u+|s cons|oc|+m t+mbcm como
so|uocs o+ cybc|sccu||ty |o|m+ oc |otcgc| c m+ntc| + |ntcg||o+oc o+s |n||+cst|utu|+s c||t|c+s
nos scto|cs n+ncc||o oc s+uoc o+ cnc|g|+ oo t|+nso|tc o+s tc|ccomun|c+io o+ oc|cs+ c oc
out|os
s

^|no+ oc +co|oo com o |J +s +|c+s cons|oc|+o+s |oco oos +|scs mcmb|os o+ OC|| +|+
+ |omoio o+ .,oese.a:, sio +) ^|c+s oc c|cv+o+ +tcnio Comb+tc +o c||mc c|bc|nct|co
, |c +co|oo com o C|oss+||o o+s |o|+s ^|m+o+s (||,,-C-o+.oo;) o tc|mo oc|cs+ c cntcno|oo como o +to ou con,unto oc
+tos |c+||z+oos +|+ obtc| |csgu+|o+| ou |ccomo| + cono|io |ccon|cc|o+ como oc scgu|+n+ ou +|no+ como |c+io con-
t|+ u+|uc| +t+uc ou +g|cssio |c+| ou |m|ncntc
e |^||^|||O | Um Lstudo sobre a Segurana e a Ueresa do Lspao Clbernetlco 8rasllelro. .oo, |onog|++ (cscc|+||z+-
io) |n|vc|s|o+oc oc ||+s|||+ (|n|) |c+|t+mcnto oc C|cnc|+ o+ Comut+io - |C|||+s|||+ |un .oo, .,
; |^|O|^| ||||^||C||| ||O|C|O| ||^| artnerlng to enbance protectlon and reslllency. || .oo, +.
s || C|O|^| C||||C||| ^C|||^ (CC^) |rameworl ror |nternatlonal Cooperatlon ln Cybersecurlty. || .oo; +o
cgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ o ocs+o o+ nov+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io
:)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
C||+io cm n|vc| n+c|on+| oc C||s/C:||s (Ccoa:e |oeeo., |escose eaos/Ccoa:e :e
.a:, |o.aeo: |escose eaos) ^umcnto o+ cu|tu|+ oc scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ c su+s +t|v|o+ocs
c ||omoio o+ couc+io b) ^|c+s com mcnos +tcnio |csu|s+ c |cscnvo|v|mcnto ^v+||+io
c mon|to|+mcnto c ^tcno|mcnto s cucn+s c mco|+s cm|cs+s (|||s)
,

cm-sc uc oo|s concc|tos +oot+oos no ||+s|| n+ cs|c|+ ub||c+ oio sustcnt+io +bo|o+gcm
o+ scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ u+|s sc,+m |n||+cst|utu|+ c||t|c+ o+ |n|o|m+io bcm como +t|vos
oc |n|o|m+io |o mb|to oo govc|no |coc|+| b|+s||c||o cons|oc|+-sc |n||+cst|utu|+ c||t|c+ o+
|n|o|m+io o subcon,unto oc +t|vos oc |n|o|m+io uc +|ct+m o||ct+mcntc + consccuio c +
cont|nu|o+oc o+ m|ssio oo |st+oo c + scgu|+n+ o+ soc|co+oc | com|cmcnt+|mcntc cons|-
oc|+m-sc +t|vos oc |n|o|m+io os mc|os oc +|m+zcn+mcnto t|+nsm|ssio c |occss+mcnto o+
|n|o|m+io os s|stcm+s oc |n|o|m+io bcm como os |oc+|s onoc sc cncont|+m csscs mc|os c
+s csso+s uc + c|cs tcm +ccsso
+o

3. O porqu da bola da vez ser a segurana ciberntica:

viso panormica
C|+m+ + +tcnio ncstc +no oc .oo, no mb|to oos ocb+tcs o+ soc|co+oc g|ob+||z+o+ uc
cmc|gc +|cm o+ g|+noc c||sc cconom|c+ muno|+| o cm|cgo c+o+ vcz m+|s |ntcnso oc cx|cs-
socs como +t+ucs c|bc|nct|cos scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ cs+o c|bc|nct|co |cgu|+mcnt+io o+
|ntc|nct o||c|tos oc ||v+c|o+oc c||mcs c|bc|nct|cos v|o|+io oc o||c|tos oc |o||co+oc |ntc|cc-
tu+| ocnt|c out|os uc| sc,+m n+s m|o|+s convcnc|on+|s c o|g|t+|s uc| cm |o|uns c cvcntos oc
govc|no c o+ +c+ocm|+ n+c|on+|s c |ntc|n+c|on+|s |nm um+ m|||+oc oc tc|mos uc co|oc+m
o uso o+ |ntc|nct + |ntc|concct|v|o+oc o+s |cocs c + convc|gcnc|+ o|g|t+| n+ ||n|+ oc ||cntc o+s
+tcnocs o+s ||oc|+n+s oc v+||os +|scs + nov+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io c scus ocs+os
|m bom |ct|+to o+ +tu+||o+oc + cxcm||c+| |o| o oco|||oo cm ,u||o oc .oo, cm uc o s|t|o
oo |c+|t+mcnto oc |c|cs+ oos ||^ |o| |nv+o|oo o| | o|+s consccut|vos num+ +io uc +tu-
+|mcntc tcm s|oo comum o| +|tc oos c|+m+oos na.es oc tcnt+t|v+ oc s+tu|+io oc +ccsso
c concxio + um octc|m|n+oo s|t|o o+ |ntc|nct +tc uc o mcsmo sc,+ |ntc||om|oo c scu +ccsso
b|ouc+oo | o+ mcsm+ |o|m+ s|t|os oo govc|no o+ Co|c|+ oo u| so||c|+m com +io s|m||+|
to|n+noo |cnto o +ccsso |ntc|nct n+uc|cs mcsmos o|+s oo |n|c|o oc ,u||o |+oos oos sc|v|os
oc |ntc||gcnc|+ oc +mbos os +|scs |n|o|m+|+m uc t+| +t+uc c|bc|nct|co +|t|u oc +e +|scs
, ||| C|||st|nc ||omot|ng + Cu|tu|c o| Cybc|sccu||ty |n || ||C|O|^| C||||C||| |O||| |O| |^||| ^||
O||||| ^|||C^ |us+|+ .,-.s ^ug .oos
+o ||^|| |o|t+||+ n ,| oc o, oc +gosto oc .oo, ||+||o Oc|+| o+ |cub||c+ |coc|+t|v+ oo ||+s|| ||+s|||+ oe +go .oo,
C|+uo|+ C+nong|+ & |+|+c| |+no+||no
:s
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
|nc|us|vc oos ||^ c o+ Co|c|+ oo u| |+zcnoo uso oc cc|c+ oc .o m|| comut+oo|cs oomcst|cos
c so |ovcoo|cs o+ |ntc|nct (||V^ .oo,)
om+-sc uc os c||mcs n+ |ntc|nct scgunoo o+oos |cccntcs |cvc|+oos c|o govc|no b||tn|co
gc|+m um |c,u|zo g|ob+| oc ,. b|||ocs oc ||b|+s (|, s|. b|||ocs) o| +no scnoo .o b|||ocs oc
||b|+s (|, ,., b|||ocs) +|+ o |c|no |n|oo O m|n|st|o oc cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+ oo |c|no |n|-
oo |o|o \cst |cvc|ou uc + +gcnc|+ b||tn|c+ ,+ vcm +tu+noo cm con,unto com su+ cu|v+|cntc
nos |st+oos |n|oos cm cst|+tcg|+s oc oc|cs+ c scgu|+n+ oo c|bc|cs+o
++

|ccon|cc|o+mcntc um+ o+s m+|s |mo|t+ntcs c g|+nocs cm|cs+s oc | oo munoo + ||c|o-

so|t ocst+c+ cm scu u|t|mo |c|+to||o /.csc/: :e.a:, |o:e''eo.e |ec: +e ontos c||t|cos
|c|+t|vos scgu|+n+ c ||v+c|o+oc n+ |ntc|nct nos u|t|mos sc|s mcscs |nt|c os u+|s +|+
|ccxio cxcm||c+m-sc u+t|o + scgu|| +) cx|o|+io oc vu|nc|+b|||o+oc oc oc.se +s m+-
u|n+s b+sc+o+s no \|noows X| |o|+m +s m+|s +t+c+o+s |c|cscnt+noo cc|c+ oc |o,/ oo to-
t+| oc +t+ucs mon|to|+oos c|+ cm|cs+ .) cx|o|+io oc vu|nc|+b|||o+oc oo s|stcm+ O .e +
vu|nc|+b|||o+oc m+|s ||cucntcmcntc cx|o|+o+ |o| um+ s|m|cs c +nt|g+ |c|cscnt+noo ,+,/
oos +t+ucs cx+m|n+oos mcsmo uc + so|uio oc t+| vu|nc|+b|||o+oc tcn|+ s|oo o|son|b|||z+o+
c|+ cm|cs+ |+ oo|s +nos (CV|-.ooe-.|,.) |no|c+noo o| conscucnc|+ um+ +mc++ u+| sc,+
+ +io oos usu+||os oc nio +tu+||z+io o+s vc|socs oo s|stcm+ O .e oc |o|m+ s|stcm+t|c+ ,) so|-
tw+|cs m+||c|osos + tcnocnc|+ m+|s s|gn|c+t|v+ obsc|v+o+ |o| + octccio oc +umcnto b+st+ntc
cx|css|vo oc sc/:.aes m+||c|osos cm mu|tos +|scs c |cg|ocs no munoo scnoo uc + occn-
oc| o+ cu|tu|+ oc c+o+ |+io |+ um t|o uc m+|s sc s+||cnt+ |o| cxcm|o n+ C||n+ oa'.aes
uc moo|c+m oc.ses |cv+|cccm +o +sso uc no ||+s|| os +|vos sio oa'.aes +|+ c+tu|+
oc scn|+ c ||+uocs b+nc+||+s |cv+|cccnoo o c+v+|o oc t|o|+ con|cc|oo como |o,+nsyw|n,.;
|+ncos c n+ Co|c|+ os v||us sio os m+|s comumcntc o|sscm|n+oos cm cscc|+| os con|cc|oos
\|n,.;V||ut c o \|n,.;|+||tc c |) cm+||s m+|s oc ,;/ oos cm+||s uc t|+|cg+|+m n+ |ntc|nct
m+|s cscc|c+mcntc no |c:oa' uc c o mon|to|+oo c|+ cm|cs+ |o|+m |nocv|oos ou sc,+
|o|+m cnv|+oos o| mc|o oc s+ms ou oc +t+ucs c|bc|nct|cos nos c+sos oc |ntcnio m+||c|os+
(||C|OO| .oos
+.
)
|m+ |nvcst|g+io oc c||mcs o|g|t+|s no mb|to oo |o,cto oc csu|s+ oo g|uo cc-
|cv C|ou o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc oc o|onto C+n+o+ ocscob||u uc +.,, comut+oo|cs cm +o, +-
|scs cst+v+m scnoo cs|on+oos cgunoo o |c|+to||o o|vu|g+oo no n+| oc m+|o .oo, ,o/ oos
|Cs |nv+o|oos c|tcnccm + m|n|stc||os oc |c|+ocs cxtc||o|cs cmb+|x+o+s o|g+n|z+ocs |ntc|n+-
c|on+|s cm|cs+s oc comun|c+io c o|g+n|z+ocs nio-govc|n+mcnt+|s |nc|us|vc com +ccsso
++ ||C|^|||^ c ||^ sc +||+m n+ cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+ (||son|vc| cm n:://....co.eeo.aa:a'.coo/./.'aa
e\e/s,s/s:a:n:oo/ca=,,..:sa=::'=o:e.e.. ^ccsso cm o. sct .oo,
+. ||C|OO| Mlcrosort Securlty |ntelllgence keport. ||^ |u|-|cc .oos +s, ev
cgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ o ocs+o o+ nov+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io
:,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
con|cc|mcnto scns|vc|
+,
O |c|+to||o |o|nccc cv|ocnc|+s oct+||+o+s sob|c +io oc c|+c|c|s com
mot|v+io o||t|c+ +o mcsmo tcmo cm uc |cv+nt+ ouv|o+s sob|c + |c|+io ocstcs c||m|nosos
com govc|nos ^ |coc oc cs|on+gcm c|+m+o+ Gncs:`e: ut|||z+ o oa'.ae ocnom|n+oo nos:
|^ (|eoc:e ^..ess cc') +|+ |oub+| oocumcntos scns|vc|s +ccss+| weo Caos c +ssum|| com-
|ct+mcntc o cont|o|c oc m+u|n+s |n|cct+o+s (|C||V C|O|| .oo,)
+|

|o uc sc |c|c|c +o ccn+||o oo govc|no b|+s||c||o os |csu|t+oos oc um+ csu|s+ |c+||z+o+ cm
.oo; c|o ||bun+| oc Cont+s o+ |n|io (C|) cm .,o o|gios ub||cos +|cscntou um+ sc||c oc
occ|cnc|+s n+ gcstio oc Covc|n+n+ oc ccno|og|+ o+ |n|o|m+io scnoo uc os |tcns m+|s cx-
|css|vos |o|+m +uc|cs |c|+t|vos cgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io ^ csu|s+ most|ou uc so/ oos
o|gios csu|s+oos nio c|+ss|c+m + |n|o|m+io
+,
;,/ nio |+zcm +n+||sc oc ||scos c e|/ nio
ossucm o||t|c+ oc scgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io
cgunoo +s +|+v|+s oc |+|+c| |+no+||no |un|o|
+e
cm cnt|cv|st+ |c+||z+o+ cm .oo, +|+ +
|cv|st+ C+|||cu
+;
|os tcmos ,.o g|+nocs |cocs C|+mo-+s oc g|+nocs |cocs o|uc c+o+ um+
ooc tc| su+s sub - |cocs o |xc|c|to o| cxcm|o tcm |cocs no ||+s|| |ntc||o m+s cu conto
como um+ so O ||+s|| |cccbc .ooo (oo|s m||) +t+ucs o| |o|+ ncss+s |cocs |sso sio +cn+s
tcnt+t|v+s oc |nv+sio +|+ |oub+| o+oos nio cstou cont+noo v||us c s+ms () |cm scm|c c
um+ csso+ uc |+z o +t+uc |m mu|tos c+sos +|gucm |nv+oc um comut+oo| us+ um so|tw+-
|c |obo c c+ tcnt+noo +t+c+| +s |cocs oo govc|no v+||+s vczcs |u octccto o +t+uc c |ocn-
t|co oc uc comut+oo| c|c vcm cntio not|co o +om|n|st|+oo| o+uc|+ |coc |o|m+|mcntc
cu c|cgo no comut+oo| uc |o| |nv+o|oo +|+ |nv+o|| o nosso nio +o comut+oo| oo |+c|c|
|+s +o mcnos cu |cc|o css+ o|t+
\o|osz|n +|cscnt+ uc os +t+ucs c|bc|nct|cos c o c|bc|tc||o||smo sio um+ tcnocnc|+ muno|+|
com c|scct|v+s somb||+s | o cscc|+||st+ com|cmcnt+ uc + m+|o| |cocu+io +|+ o ||+-
s|| |cs|oc no |+to oc uc os con|cc|mcntos cscc|cos sob|c o tcm+ +|no+ sio oo oom|n|o oc
oucos +ss|m como os |ccu|sos n+ncc||os sio |nsuc|cntcs (\O|Oz|| .oo,)
+s

+, Con|cc|mcnto scns|vc| scgunoo + |o|t+||+ C||| |o |. ub||c+o+ no |O| oc +;;os;.oo, c tooo con|cc|mcnto s|g||oso ou
cst|+tcg|co cu,o +ccsso nio +uto||z+oo ooc com|omctc| + consccuio oos ob,ct|vos n+c|on+|s c |csu|t+| cm |c,u|zos +o
|+|s ncccss|t+noo oc mco|o+s cscc|+|s oc |otcio
+| || |C ||V C|O|| 1racllng CbostHet. |nvestlgatlng a Cyber Lsplonage Hetworl. |+| .oo, ,, (||son|vc| cm
n:://...o/c.aoco:coe:/ncs:oe:. ^ccsso cm os +b| .oo,)
+, Vc| oct+||cs no |cc|cto |o |,,, ub||c+oo no |O| oc .; oc oczcmb|o oc .oo.
+e |||cto| oo |c+|t+mcnto oc cgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io c Comun|c+ocs oo C+b|nctc oc cgu|+n+ |nst|tuc|on+| o+ ||cs|ocn-
c|+ o+ |cub||c+
+; ||||V|^ oc |+||+n+ |uccn+ sob|c cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+ |n |cv|st+ C+|||cu (||son|vc| cm n:://as.'aoa':cc.o/
oc:.as/.,eo:e.s:aacae:cacas.ae.s:aa''ea. ^ccsso cm o. sct .oo,)
+s \O|Oz|| ^ | A ameaa lnvlslvel do terror clbernetlco. |o|n+| oo ||+s||-|ntc|n+c|on+| ^, +| +go .oo,
C|+uo|+ C+nong|+ & |+|+c| |+no+||no
,o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
|io c scm |+zocs |o|tcs c |+tos contunocntcs uc o tcm+ scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ vcm scnoo t|+-
t+oo c+o+ vcz m+|s |ntcns+mcntc n+s cs|c|+s oc govc|no no munoo scnoo cons|oc|+oo o|-
t+nto + bo|+ o+ vcz
4. Estratgia nacional dos EUA e do Reino Unido
|n|c|+|mcntc c scm o|cm|z+| +cn+s +|+ o+| |n|c|o + um +m|o |occsso oc |ccxio ocb+tc c
const|uio oc o|n|ocs sob|c o tcm+ obsc|v+-sc uc os conto|nos oo cs+o c|bc|nct|co +|no+
sio u|oos c nio ocn|oos +|+ um+ |+io o+oo o c|cv+oo g|+u oc |ntc|occnocnc|+ c |ntc|-
concct|v|o+oc o+s |cocs c s|stcm+s oc |n|o|m+io cm tc|mos muno|+|s
|conom|+s ocscnvo|v|o+s cstio cx+t+mcntc ncstc momcnto como o| cxcm|o ||^ c |c|no
|n|oo |cv|s+noo ou |+n+noo |cscct|v+mcntc su+s cst|+tcg|+s n+c|on+|s oc scgu|+n+ c|bc|-
nct|c+ com um+ s|n+||z+io |o|tc oo u+nto |+ o| |+zc| ||nc|+|mcntc cm tc|mos oc cooc-
|+io |ntc|n+c|on+| |cg|s|+io no|m+||z+io c c++c|t+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos cscc|+||z+oos
O uc nio uc| o|zc| uc o tcm+ nio |++ +|tc o+s +gcno+s +ntc||o|cs oc |o|uns oc govc|no o+
|n|c|+t|v+ ||v+o+ o+s O|Cs n+c|on+|s c |ntc|n+c|on+|s ^s ucstocs co||c|+c|on+o+s scgu|+n+
c|bc|nct|c+ cm g|+noc mco|o+ t+nto cm tc|mos oc tccno|og|+ u+nto cm tc|mos oc o||ct||zcs
no|m+||z+io c mctooo|og|+s +o |ongo oos u|t|mos +nos v|n|+m scnoo t|+t+o+s muno|+|mcn-
tc no cscoo o+ scgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io c comun|c+ocs |nc|us|vc no ||+s||
|m |c|+io +os ||^ v+|c c|t+| o oocumcnto :e.ao C,oesa.e /c :ne ;;:n |esaeo., uc
+o sc| |+n+oo no n+| oc .oos t|+z um +no|+m+ o+uc|c +|s no tcm+ su+s ||o||o+ocs c
c+|cnc|+s
|o uc o|z |csc|to +o |c|no |n|oo ooc-sc ocst+c+| uc su+ ||mc||+ cst|+tcg|+ n+c|on+| oc
scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ |o| |+n+o+ cm ,un|o oc .oo, c ocnom|n+o+ C,oe :e.a:, ::a:e, c/ :ne
Jo:ea |oaco sa/e:, se.a:, aoa es'eo.e o .,oe sa.e
|o u+o|o + + scgu|| +|cscnt+-sc ocmonst|+t|vo o+s |ccomcno+ocs oos ||^ c oo |c|no |n|-
oo +|+ + |st|+tcg|+ |+c|on+| oc cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+ +oot+o+ o| +uc|+s |+ocs u+o|o
uc c+|+ctc||z+ um b|cvc |csumo oos cntcno|mcntos o+ +uto|+ ocstc +|t|go
cgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ o ocs+o o+ nov+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io
,+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
Estratgia Nacional de Segurana Ciberntica
u+o|o + |cmonst|+t|vo o+s |ccomcno+ocs oos ||^
+,
c oo |c|no |n|oo
.o
|csumo oos cntcno|mcntos o+ +uto|+
LUA kelno Unldo
Crlao de uma estrategla lntegrada e deta-
lbada de segurana naclonal dos LUA para o
clberespao
O govc|no ocvc||+ |omovc| +,ustc n+ +tu+| |st|+tcg|+
c cst+bc|ccc| um+ |st|+tcg|+ |+c|on+| oc cgu|+n+
oo C|bc|cs+o |ntcg|+o+ c oct+||+o+ n+ u+| +
m+c|o coo|ocn+io sc,+ |c+||z+o+ o| o|gio;+gcnc|+
cscc|c+mcntc c||+oo +|+ t+| n+||o+oc no mb|to o+
C+s+ ||+nc+ o|gio cstc uc |omovc||+ + ocv|o+ s|nc|g|+
oo tcm+ ||o||t+||+mcntc nos mc|os o||om+t|co u+nto
|nsc|io |ntc|n+c|on+| m|||t+| |c|+t|vo oout||n+ c
+o |+nc,+mcnto cconom|co no uc t+ngc o||t|c+
|ntc||gcnc|+ cm su+s +t|v|o+ocs c m+|cos |cg+|s no toc+ntc
+tu+||z+io c o|n+m|z+io oos mcsmos
Uesenvolvlmento da estrategla de segurana
clbernetlca do kelno Unldo
^ ||mc||+ |st|+tcg|+ |+c|on+| oc cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+ oo
|c|no |n|oo |+n+o+ cm ,un|o oc .00 tcm os scgu|ntcs
ob,ct|vos
+) cst+bc|ccc| |og|+m+ |nt|+govc|no c |ntc|govc|nos cm
+|c+s ||o||t+||+s o+ scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ |ovcnoo
|unoos +o|c|on+|s +|+ + csu|s+ ocscnvo|v|mcnto c
|nov+io (|||) bcm como +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c
|omoio o+s |+b|||o+ocs c comctcnc|+s c||t|c+s
b) cst|c|t+| os t|+b+||os oc cooc|+io cnt|c o scto|
ub||co com o scto| ||v+oo +s o|g+n|z+ocs-nio
govc|n+mcnt+|s c os +|cc||os |ntc|n+c|on+|s
c) c||+| o|gio ccnt|+| cscc|co ncstc c+so o O cc
Cybc| ccu||ty (OC) +|+ |ovc| + ||oc|+n+ c m+c|o
coo|ocn+io ncccss+||+s c
o) c||+| o|gio oc|+c|on+| cscc|co ncstc c+so o
Cybc| ccu||ty Oc|+t|ons Ccnt|c (COC) +|+
||o||t+||+mcntc mon|to|+| o cs+o c|bc|nct|co c
coo|ocn+| |csost+s |nc|ocntcs cst+bc|ccc| mc||o|cs
cono|ocs oc cntcno|mcnto c con|cc|mcnto sob|c os
+t+ucs c|bc|nct|cos cont|+ +s |cocs c usu+||os oo |c|no
|n|oo c |ovc| |n|o|m+ocs sob|c os ||scos t+nto +|+
+s t|+ns+ocs comc|c|+|s c ncgoc|os u+nto +|+ o scto|
ub||co no uc sc |c|c|c +o cs+o c|bc|nct|co
Organlzao das estruturas naclonals para a
segurana clbernetlca
O ||cs|ocntc ocvc||+ cst+bc|ccc| no mb|to oo |+t|on+|
ccu||ty Counc|| (|C) um+ |||cto||+ oc cgu|+n+
C|bc|nct|c+ uc +bso|vc||+ +s |unocs +tu+|mcntc
cxc|c|o+s c|+ |omc|+no ccu||ty Counc|| (|C) ^|cm
o|sso o novo O|gio; ^gcnc|+ |+c|on+| oo C|bc|cs+o
ocvc||+ +o|+| os t|+b+||os o+ nov+ |||cto||+ oc cgu|+n+
C|bc|nct|c+ o+ |C c ocvc||+ +tu+| n+ +sscsso||+ o||ct+ oo
||cs|ocntc +|+ t+| +ssunto O ||cs|ocntc ocvc||+ +|no+
|omovc| + |usio cnt|c os ,+ cx|stcntcs o|gios |+t|on+|
Cybc| ccu||ty Ccntc| (|CC) c + |o|nt |ntc|-^gcncy
Cybc| +s| |o|cc (||^C| c||+o+ c|o |||cto| |+c|on+|
oc |ntc||gcnc|+) O |c+|tmcnt o| |omc|+no ccu||ty
(||) ocvc||+ c|m+ncc| |csons+vc| c|o |n|tco t+tcs
Comutc| |mc|gcncy |c+o|ncss c+m (|-C||) bcm
como c|o |cscct|vo ||og|+m+ |-C|| ||nstc|n
Hovas estruturas de governo para atuao em
clbernetlca
O govc|no cst+bc|ccc|+ o O .e c/ C,oe :e.a:, OC:) uc
+tu+|+ no Caooe: O .e c sc|+ o o|gio |csons+vc| c|+
||oc|+n+ cst|+tcg|c+ oo tcm+ |omovcnoo m+|o| s|nc|g|+
c m+c|o coo|ocn+io oos v+||os |og|+m+s oc govc|no
n+ o||cio o+ scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ scm ou||c+io oc
cs|o|os o|cm com + ocv|o+ ||o||z+io oos ob,ct|vos
n+c|on+|s no tcm+ O govc|no cst+bc|ccc|+ t+mbcm um+
mu|t|+gcnc|+ o C,oe :e.a:, Oea:cos Ceo:e C:OC)
+|+ mon|to|+| o cs+o c|bc|nct|co +n+||s+| tcnocnc|+s
c |o|t+|ccc| + coo|ocn+io oc |csost+s tccn|c+s +os
c|bc| |nc|ocntcs O COC sc|+ t+mbcm |csons+vc| o|
o|sscm|n+| |n|o|m+io +|+ o govc|no + |noust||+ c +os
+|cc||os |ntc|n+c|on+|s sob|c os ||scos c oo|tun|o+ocs
o+ scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ ^s nov+s cst|utu|+s sc|io
cst+bc|cc|o+s cm sctcmb|o oc .00 c co|oc+o+s cm c|ct|v+
oc|+io +tc n+| o+ m+|o oc .010
+, C|||| |O| |^|C|C ^|| |||||^|O|^| |||| Securlng Cyberspace ror tbe tb. ||cs|ocncy + |co|t o| t|c
C| Comm|ss|on on Cybc|sccu||ty |o| t|c ||t| ||cs|ocncy C|_\+s||ngton |cc .oos ss
.o C^|||| O|||C| Cyber Securlty Strategy or tbe Unlted klngdom. s+|cty sccu||ty +no |cs|||cncc |n cybc| s+cc (|| O cc
o| Cybc| ccu||ty (OC) +no || Cybc| ccu||ty Oc|+t|ons Ccnt|c (COC)) || O !c |+|||+mcnt |oo|s|o |unc .oo,
.,
Cco:oaa::
C|+uo|+ C+nong|+ & |+|+c| |+no+||no
,:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
arcerlas com o setor prlvado
O govc|no +mc||c+no ocvc||+ |cconst|u|| +s +|cc||+s
cnt|c os scto|cs ub||co-||v+oo cm c|bc|scgu|+n+ no
scnt|oo oc |oc+| +s |n||+cst|utu|+s c|+vcs; c||t|c+s o+
|+io |+|+ t+nto ocvc||+ sc| |o|m+oo Com|tc ^sscsso|
+|+ +tu+| cm n|vc| |cs|ocnc|+| com |c|cscnt+ntcs
scn|o|cs o+s |n||+cst|utu|+s c|+vc; c||t|c+s c|bc|nct|c+s
|cstc scnt|oo cstc novo Com|tc ocvc||+ |nco|o|+| t+nto
o |+t|on+| ccu||ty +no c|ccommun|c+t|ons ^ov|so|y
Comm|ttcc (|^C) u+nto o |+t|on+| |n||+st|ust|uctu|c
^ov|so|y Counc|| (||^C)
Ueresa, segurana e slstema de reslstncla
O govc|no |oc+|+ n+ |c+|+io c |otcio cont|+ +t+ucs
c|bc|nct|cos cm tooos os scto|cs |ovcnoo um+ m+|o|
c++c|o+oc oc |cs|stcnc|+ c |csost+ |+|+ t+nto cnv|o+|+
cs|o|os +|+ +m||+| o cntcno|mcnto sob|c otcnc|+|s
vu|nc|+b|||o+ocs c |m+ctos bcm como +|+ ocscnvo|vc|
mco|o+s oc m|t|g+io +|o||+o+s
kegulao da segurana clbernetlca
|cvc||+ sc| ocscnvo|v|oo c|o novo O|gio; ^gcnc|+
|+c|on+| oc cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+ um+ m+c|o-
coo|ocn+io sob|c os +scctos oc no|m+s c +o|ocs o+
scgu|+n+ +|+ + |n||+cst|utu|+ c||t|c+ c|bc|nct|c+ no
scnt|oo oc uc +s o||c|cntcs +gcnc|+s |cgu|+oo|+s cm scus
cscoos oc +tu+io tcn|+m su+s +t|v|o+ocs +||n|+o+s +o
ob,ct|vo comum o+ scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+
olltlca, doutrlna, e marcos legals e
regulatorlos
O novo O cc o| Cybc| ccu||ty (OC) |ocnt|c+|+ |+cun+s
n+s +tu+|s oout||n+ o||t|c+ |cg|s|+io c |cgu|+io o|
mc|o oc um ||+mcwo|| uc +ontc o ccn+||o oomcst|co c
|ntc|n+c|on+| O OC sc|+ o mc||o| |oc+| +|+ ||oc|+| t+nto
o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc o||t|c+s cscc|c+s c |omovc| +
m+|o| |ntc|+io no govc|no u+nto o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c
|m|+nt+io o+ cst|+tcg|+ |noust||+| oc scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+
cm cst|c|t+ co|+bo|+io com +to|cs c|+vcs o+ |noust||+
^ss|m o |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+s +|cc||+s com o scto| ||v+oo
sc|+ |uno+mcnt+| no scnt|oo oc sustcnt+| c |omovc| +s
c++c|o+ocs n+c|on+|s no tcm+ c cst|mu|+| + |nov+io
|+|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo ||+mcwo|| oos m+|cos |cg+|s c
|cgu|+to||os t+|s +|cc||+s t+mbcm sc|io csscnc|+|s som+o+s
+o cst|c|to t|+b+||o com os +to|cs c o|gios uc octcn|+m
t+|s comctcnc|+s c cscoo oc +tu+io
Segurana nos slstemas de controle lndus-
trlal e SCAUA (Supervlsory Control and Uata
Acqulsltlon)
O novo O|gio; ^gcnc|+ |+c|on+| oc cgu|+n+
C|bc|nct|c+ ocvc||+ t|+b+||+| cm con,unto com
+s +gcnc|+s |cgu|+oo|+s +ocu+o+s c o |+t|on+|
|nst|tutc |o| t+no+|os +no cc|no|ogy (||) no
ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc no|m+s |cgu|+mcntos tccn|cos c
+o|ocs mct|o|og|cos oc scgu|+n+ +|+ + cc|t|||c+io
oos s|stcm+s oc cont|o|c |noust||+|
Compreenso e cultura
O novo O cc o| Cybc| ccu||ty (OC) ||oc|+|+ o t|+b+||o
oc +m||+| + com|ccnsio c |o|t+|ccc| + cu|tu|+ oc
scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ |ocnt|c+noo muo+n+s +mb|cnt+|s
c oc t|+b+||o + sc|cm |nco|o|+o+s t+nto u+nto ||o||z+|+
os v+||os +scctos |c|+c|on+oos scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ n+
|o|mu|+io o+ o||t|c+ |cnt|c +s mco|o+s s+||cnt+-sc + oc
ocscnvo|vc| o |occsso oc tom+o+ oc occ|sio b+sc+oo cm
||sco +| |+t|c+ |c|cscnt+ um+ subst+nc|+| c ocs++oo|+
muo+n+ oc cu|tu|+ c |csc|no||+ oc t|+b+||os cscc|cos
n+ o||cio oc uc + |n|o|m+io cc|t+ c cons|stcntc c|cguc
no momcnto cc|to c n+s mios cc|t+s v|s+noo g+|+nt||
m+|o| cc+c|+ c cc|cnc|+ occ|so||+ no c+mo scns|vc| uc c
o o+ scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+
|ortaleclmento da segurana nas aqulsles e
usos de servlos e produtos de 1|
O novo O|gio; ^gcnc|+ |+c|on+| oc cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+
ocvc||+ t|+b+||+| cm +|cc||+ cst|c|t+ com o scto|
||v+oo n+ o||cio oc cst+bc|ccc| um gu|+ b+s|co +|+
+u|s|io c uso oc tccno|og|+ o+ |n|o|m+io o+noo
cscc|+| +tcnio +os so|tw+|cs ^|cm o|sso cs|o|os
+|+ o +umcnto o+ scgu|+n+ o+ |ntc|nct ocvc||+m sc|
||o||z+oos contcm|+noo ocnt|c +s ncccss+||+s +ocs o
ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc |cgu|+mcntos tccn|cos m+no+to||os oc
|otoco|os oc scgu|+n+ o+ |ntc|nct +| mco|o+ |nc|us|vc
ocvc||+ |+zc| +|tc oc um+ cst|+tcg|+ oc +|t|cu|+io
|ntc|n+c|on+| +|+ + scgu|+n+ o+ |ntc|nct
labllldades e educao
O govc|no cx+m|n+|+ os |cu|s|tos c +ssos ncccss+||os +o
ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc c++c|o+ocs |+b|||o+ocs c |o|m+io
oc cscc|+||st+s cm scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ +|+ +tu+io
no govc|no c n+ |noust||+ |io sc ||m|t+|+ +os +scctos
tccn|cos |cuc||oos m+s s|m cm comb|n+| o||c|cntcs
+bo|o+gcns c cob||| +s |+cun+s cx|stcntcs ncstc c+mo
c|io ocscnvo|v|oos t|c|n+mcntos cst|mu|o cc|t|c+io c
ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc c+||c||+ cscc|c+ +|+ +tu+io ocnt|o
c |o|+ oo govc|no
Cco:oaaac
Cco:oaa::
cgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ o ocs+o o+ nov+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io
,,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
Cesto e credenclamento
|cvc||+ sc| |c|o|+oo o s|stcm+ oc +utcnt|c+io o+s
|ocnt|o+ocs cm cscc|+| o+uc|+s csso+s uc +tu+m n+s
|n||+cst|utu|+s c||t|c+s c|bc|nct|c+s (|Cs cnc|g|+ n+n+s
sc|v|os csscnc|+|s oo govc|no) ^|cm oo uc ocvc||+ sc|
cob|+o+ com cn|+sc + +ooio o+ |o||t|c+ oc |+o|io oc
|ocnt|c+io Comum +|+ os |m|cg+oos c Cont|+t+oos
no mb|to oo Covc|no |coc|+| oos ||^ con|o|mc +
|omc|+no ccu||ty ||cs|ocnt|+| |||cct|vc |||-1. om+-
sc uc o c|cocnc|+mcnto oo govc|no ocvc||+ t+mbcm
+o|+| os consum|oo|cs cm +t|v|o+ocs on||nc obsc|v+oos os
o||c|tos o+ ||v+c|o+oc |no|v|ou+| c o+ ||bc|o+oc c|v||
Capacldades tecnlca, de pesqulsa e desenvolvl-
mento (8U)
O govc|no +o|t+|+ c |ovc|+ s|gn|c+ntcs cont||bu|ocs +|+
o t|+b+||o oc +tu+||z+io o+ oout||n+ o||t|c+ m+|cos |cg+| c
|cgu|+to||o bcm como +|+ + |m|cmcnt+io o+ cst|+tcg|+
oc scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ n+ |noust||+ com ocst+uc +|+
+s |n||+cst|utu|+s c||t|c+s n+c|on+|s como s+uoc cnc|g|+ c
out|+s |+|+ t+nto cs|o|os c ||o||z+io o+ || |omovc|io
mc||o|cs c|c|tos cm cscc|+| +o sc cons|oc|+| +s +|cc||+s
|ntc|n+c|on+|s oco|||o+s no mc|o +c+ocm|co |o ||mc||o
momcnto |ccu|sos +o|c|on+|s sc|io +|oc+oos +|+ +o|+| c
cx+no|| o t|+b+||o co|+bo|+t|vo oc |otcio o+s |cocs oc
govc|no c |noust||+|s O novo O cc o| Cybc| ccu||ty (OC)
t|+b+||+|+ t+mbcm cm |o|tc cooc|+io com + |ctwo||
ccu||ty |nnov+t|on ||+t+|o|m (|||) n+ cc|no|ogy t|+tcgy
|o+|o v|s+noo |ovc| oo|tun|o+ocs +|+ +s cm|cs+s oc +|t+
tccno|og|+ oo |c|no |n|oo
Modernlzao
O ||cs|ocntc cm con,unto com o ||n|stc||o o+ |ust|+
ocvc||+ |ccx+m|n+| os cst+tutos c |occssos oc |nvcst|g+io
oc c|bc| c||mcs no scnt|oo oc to|n+-|os m+|s c|+|os m+|s
+gc|s c com mc||o| |otcio o+ ||v+c|o+oc |m +|+|c|o
ocvc||+ |+n+| gu|+ b+s|co com |no|c+ocs oc c||cunstnc|+s c
|cu|s|tos +|+ uso c cum||mcnto o+ |c| bcm como uso o+s
+uto||o+ocs m|||t+|cs c oc |ntc||gcnc|+ nos c|bc| |nc|ocntcs
Lxplorao
O |c|no |n|oo ocscnvo|vc|+ +ocs +|+ cntcno|mcnto c
|ocnt|c+io o+s ncccss+||+s c++c|o+ocs c comctcnc|+s
+|+ cx|o|+io oo cs+o c|bc|nct|co no scnt|oo oc
comb+tc| +mc++s oc c||m|nosos tc||o||st+s c oc out|os
+to|cs o| mc|o oc um t|+b+||o cc+z c cc|cntc oc
comb+tc +os +t+ucs c|bc|nct|cos con|c||noo + ocv|o+
oc|cs+ oos |ntc|csscs n+c|on+|s c o+ soc|co+oc
kevlso do Ato Hormatlvo |ederal de Cesto
da Segurana da |nrormao (||SMA 2002)
O ||cs|ocntc ocvc||+ t|+b+||+| ,unt+mcntc com o
Cong|csso n+ o||cio oc |ccsc|cvc| o |coc|+| |n|o|m+t|on
ccu||ty |+n+gcmcnt ^ct .00. (|||^) m+|co
no|m+t|vo +mc||c+no o+ scgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io oo
|+t|on+| |nst|tutc o| t+no+|os +no cc|no|ogy (||)
oc |o|m+ uc o mcsmo contcm|c os +scctos |c|+t|vos
scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+
Lngajamento lnternaclonal
O novo O cc o| Cybc| ccu||ty (OC) sc|+ o |csons+vc|
c|+ const|uio coc|cntc c s|nc|g|c+ oos t|+b+||os oc
scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ oo |c|no |n|oo v|s + v|s o||t|c+s
cst|+tcg|+s c bo+s |+t|c+s oc +|cc||os c oc o|g+n|z+ocs
|ntc|n+c|on+|s |cstc ||mc||o momcnto o OC nio |+|+
+|tc oos numc|osos +co|oos b||+tc|+|s c mu|t||+tc|+|s uc
c+o+ +gcnc|+ ou o|gio ,+ |c+||z+ | s|m cxc|cc|+ um+ m+c|o
coo|ocn+io ocss+s +t|v|o+ocs n+ o||cio oc ocscnvo|vc|
um+ v|sio c mcns+gcm un|c+ oo |c|no |n|oo |csc|to
o+ scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ +||n|+o+ s v|socs oc +||+oos
cst|+tcg|cos c sc |+zcnoo |cscntc cm com|ssocs c |o|uns
|ntc|n+c|on+|s
Lllmlnar a dlvlso entre dlretrlzes e normas de
segurana de slstemas clvls e naclonal
O ||cs|ocntc ocvc||+ |oo| |cg|s|+io uc c||m|n+ssc +
o|st|nio cx|stcntc cnt|c no|m+s c |cgu|+mcntos tccn|cos
oc scgu|+n+ oc s|stcm+s n+c|on+| c s|stcm+s oc +gcnc|+s
c|v|s +oot+noo +bo|o+gcm b+sc+o+ cm ||sco
Covernana, papels e responsabllldades
c|+ mooc|+o+ + govc|n+n+ oo |c|no |n|oo +|+
tooos os +scctos |c|+c|on+oos scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+
ocscnvo|vcnoo um +|c+bouo tco||co-|c|c|cnc|+| uc
contcm|c +s ||ocs +|cno|o+s +s mc||o|cs |+t|c+s
os +|cc||os cons|oc|+oos c|+vc c +s |n|c|+t|v+s oc
muo+n+s |cuc||o+s |m+ o+s +|c+s c||t|c+s + oos
c|bc| c||mcs cx|g||+ um+ |cv|sio b|cvc oos +c|s c
|csons+b|||o+ocs oos +to|cs o||ct+mcntc cnvo|v|oos bcm
como oos |cu|s|tos cst|+tcg|cos sob + ||oc|+n+ c m+c|o
coo|ocn+io oo OC +|+ +sscgu|+| + |st|+tcg|+ |+c|on+|
oc cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+ oo |c|no |n|oo |o mb|to
ocst+ |ccomcno+io cncont|+m-sc t+mbcm os cs|o|os
|nt|+-govc|no oc |omoio c ||o||z+io o+ |st|+tcg|+
|+c|on+| oc cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+ uc cont+|+ com +
+|t|c|+io c co|+bo|+io oc st+|c|o|oc|s oc o|gios nio
govc|n+mcnt+|s c o+ soc|co+oc
Cco:oaaac
Cco:oaa::
C|+uo|+ C+nong|+ & |+|+c| |+no+||no
,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
1relnamento e educao em clbernetlca e de-
senvolvlmento de rora de trabalbo
O ||cs|ocntc ocvc||+ o| mc|o oo novo O|gio; ^gcnc|+
oc cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+ c oc|+noo ,unt+mcntc com
+gcnc|+s oc |o|m+io c gcstio oc csso+| oo govc|no c||+|
|og|+m+s oc t|c|n+mcnto +|+ +s +t|v|o+ocs oc govc|no
no c+mo o+ c|bc|nct|c+ | +|no+ ocvc||+ t|+b+||+|
,unt+mcntc com o |+t|on+| c|cncc |ouno+t|on (||) +|+
ocscnvo|vc| um |og|+m+ n+c|on+| oc couc+io no tcm+
esqulsa e desenvolvlmento (8U) em
clbernetlca
O novo O|gio; ^gcnc|+ oc cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+
t|+b+||+noo ,unt+mcntc com o O cc o| c|cncc
+no cc|no|ogy |o||cy (O|) ocvc||+ |c+||z+| m+c|o
coo|ocn+io o+ || cm c|bc|nct|c+
^|no+ + t|tu|o oc cxcm|o o+ o|nm|c+ oo tcm+ c scu |m+cto cm cscc|+| n+s |n||+cst|utu|+s
c||t|c+s oc um+ |+io o oocumcnto c|+bo|+oo cm +tcno|mcnto ocm+no+ oo +tu+| ||cs|ocntc
oos ||^ |+|+c| Ob+m+ no |n|c|o oc scu govc|no uc |nc|u|u + scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ no |o| o+s
g|+nocs +mc++s g|ob+|s |o| conc|u|oo cm ,un|o oc .oo, c |nt|tu|+-sc J: C,oesa.e |c'., |e
.e. assao a :as:ea aoa es'eo: o/coa:co aoa .cooao.a:cos o/as:a.:ae cu sum+-
||o cxccut|vo +|cscnt+ +o |ccomcno+ocs +|+ + |cv|sio o+ cst|+tcg|+ o+uc|c +|s u+|s sc,+m
+) c||+io oc o|gio cscc|co n+ C+s+ ||+nc+ +|+ cxc|cc| c|ct|v+mcntc m+c|o coo|ocn+io
cnt|c +s +gcnc|+s oc govc|no +mc||c+n+s com +tu+io cm scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ v|s+noo m+|o|
s|nc|g|+ n+ cst|+tcg|+ n+c|on+| c n+s |cscct|v+s o||t|c+s .) +tu+||z+io b|cvc o+ cst|+tcg|c+ n+-
c|on+| oc |otcio o+ |n||+cst|utu|+ oc |n|o|m+io c comun|c+ocs ,) ocs|gn+io o+ scgu|+n+
c|bc|nct|c+ como um+ o+s ||o||o+ocs c|+vcs oc gcstio o+ ||cs|ocnc|+ oo +|s c cst+bc|cc|mcn-
to oc mcc+n|smos oc mco|o+s oc +v+||+io c oc +uo|to||+s |) obsc|vnc|+ o+ ||bc|o+oc c|v|| c
o+ ||v+c|o+oc oos |oss|on+|s oo o|gio cscc|co c||+oo no tcm+ ,) |o|mu|+io oc o||t|c+
c|+|+ u+nto +os +c|s |csons+b|||o+ocs c t|o oc +tu+io oc c+o+ +gcnc|+ oo govc|no com
+uto||o+oc oc +io cm scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ c +|c+s co||c|+t+s c c||+io oc mcc+n|smos cnt|c
+s +gcnc|+s oc gcstio oc mon|to|+mcnto c oc +v+||+io e) |omoio o+ scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+
o| mc|o oc c+m+n|+s n+c|on+|s ub||c+s c |og|+m+s oc couc+io ;) ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc
os|c|on+mcnto oos ||^ cm scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ c |o|t+|cc|mcnto oc +|cc||+s c o+ cooc-
|+io |ntc|n+c|on+| n+ const|uio oc um+ o||t|c+ |ntc|n+c|on+| no tcm+ s) |o|t+|cc|mcnto c
c|+bo|+io oc |+no oc |csost+ + |nc|ocntcs oc scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ com |o|tc |ntc|+io c
o|+|ogo cnt|c os scto|cs ub||co-||v+oo ,) ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc /aoe.c oc csu|s+ ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto c |nov+io (|||) nos v+||os c+mos oc +||c+io o+ scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ como
o| cxcm|o so|uocs tccno|og|c+s |ntcg|+o+s |c||+mcnt+s mctooo|og|+s oc scgu|+n+ c con-
t|ngcnc|+ o+ |n||+cst|ut|u|+ o|g|t+| c +o) const|uio oc um+ v|sio oc gcstio c oc um+ cst|+tcg|+
n+c|on+| b+sc+o+ n+ scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ obsc|v+noo + ||v+c|o+oc c os o||c|tos c|v|s
Cco:oaaac
cgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ o ocs+o o+ nov+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io
,,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
|czc||+ cm scu tcxto o|sscm|n+oo no ||og cgu|+n+ ||g|t+| onoc|+ mu|to bcm os +contcc|-
mcntos |ntc|n+c|on+|s |cccntcs oc +t+ucs c|bc|nct|cos como os oco|||oos n+ |ston|+ cm .oo;
(t+|vcz o ||mc||o g|+noc m+|co oc +t+uc c|bc|nct|co no munoo) c o ,+ c|t+oo n+ Co|c|+ oo u|
m+|s |cccntcmcntc ncstc +no oc .oo, ocnt|c out|os o uc vcm +|+ +|c|t+| o |+to oc uc nio
sc t|+t+ oc um moo|smo ou mc|o cx+gc|o m+s oc um+ nov+ |c+||o+oc uc vcm ocscnc+oc+noo
um |cuc oc oss|b|||o+ocs c s|tu+ocs
|ooc-sc c|ccbc| como scnoo o ocs+o s+bc| ||o+| |o|tcmcntc com t+| +sccto o o+ scgu-
|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ n+ soc|co+oc g|ob+||z+o+ nov+ ono+ uc |c+|+ + ncccss|o+oc oc cstuoos oc
|m+ctos cconom|co-soc|+|s c |oscct|vos bcm como + |o|mu|+io oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s c oc
cst|+tcg|+s n+c|on+|s
|os ||^ cncont|+-sc +tu+|mcntc cm ocb+tc no Cong|csso um+ sc||c oc nov+s |cg|s|+ocs +
|csc|to oo tcm+ como o| cxcm|o +) o ||o,cto oc |c| con|cc|oo como C,oese.a:, ^.:
.oo, :,,,) oc|cno|oo c|o cn+oo| |+y |oc|c|c||c| uc o+||+ +o ||cs|ocntc oos ||^ +uto||o+oc
+|+ occ|+|+| s|tu+io oc .,oe eoeeo.e sc t|+co n+ |ntc|nct |no|c+ssc ||sco oc +t+uc +os
s|stcm+s c |cocs oc govc|no c s |n||+cst|utu|+s c||t|c+s o+ |+io mco|o+ cons|oc|+o+ cont|o-
vc|s+ n+ mco|o+ cm uc o+||+ uc|c ||cs|ocntc cono|ocs oc |ntc||omc| tot+|mcntc o t|+co
o+ |ntc|nct oo +|s o uc sc||+ cm tcsc |o|b|t|vo cm tc|mos cconom|cos c t+mbcm soc|+|s c
nio somcntc +|+ +uc|+ |+io o+oo o n|vc| oc |ntc|occnocnc|+ oos s|stcm+s c |cocs oc |n-
|o|m+io cm n|vc| g|ob+| b) |cv|sio c +tu+||z+io oo |eaea' |o/coa:co :e.a:, /aoaeoeo:
^.: c/ .oo. n+ nov+ ocnom|n+io J: |o/coa:co aoa Ccooao.a:cos |o/c.eoeo: ^.: c/ .oo,
:,.) com +o|o c oc|cs+ oos cn+oo|cs C+|c| c |u|||s uc moo|c+ o c+|tu|o ,, o+ |cg|s|+-
io oc .oo. c+|+ctc||z+noo + comctcnc|+ oo novo o|gio cscc|co oc scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+
+mc||c+no no uc sc |c|c|c scgu|+n+ |otcio c |ccuc|+io o+s |n||+cst|utu|+s oc |n|o|m+-
io c comun|c+ocs oo +|s com com|om|sso oc ocscnvo|vc| +mb|cntc scgu|o +os c|o+oios
oc |osc||o+oc cconom|c+ c oc oc|cs+ oos |ntc|csscs o+ |+io o|+ntc oc u+|uc| +t+uc c|-
bc|nct|co |st+ |cg|s|+io |c|o|+ o +c| o+s cu|cs oc t|+t+mcnto c |csost+ + |nc|ocntcs cm
|cocs comut+c|on+|s c cx+|t+ + ncccss|o+oc oc |ccu|sos |um+nos +|t+mcntc cscc|+||z+oos c)
no uc sc |c|c|c +o cscoo o+ couc+io o || ... C,oe |aa.a:co aoa |oano.eoeo: ^.: .oo,
|nt|oouz|oo o| |c||+ |+c|son-|cc oc|cnoc ou+s vc|tcntcs ||nc|+|s u+|s sc,+m + oc cont+|
com |og|+m+s c|ct|vos oc |omcnto o+ `a:coa' :.eo.e |caaa:co `:|) +|+ + |o|m+io oc
|ccu|sos |um+nos c +tu+||z+io oc |n||+cst|utu|+ tccno|og|c+ oc cu|sos oc g|+ou+io c osg|+-
ou+io cscc|+||z+oos cm scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ cont+noo + coo|ocn+io gc|+| oo |ea:oeo:
c/ |coe'aoa :e.a:, ||:) c um+ scguno+ vc|tcntc + oc cst+bc|ccc| |og|+m+ oc cooc|+io
c |ntc|cmb|o tccn|co c c|cnt|co nos n|vc|s |oc+| scto||+| c |cg|on+| com |o|tc +|cc||+ com o
scto| ||v+oo n+ |o|m+io oc t+|cntos
C|+uo|+ C+nong|+ & |+|+c| |+no+||no
,o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
^|c|t+-sc +|+ o |+to oc uc um+ sc||c oc ocsoob|+mcntos n+ tcm+t|c+ o|+ cm +n+||sc mc|cccm
|ccxio c ocb+tcs no +|s ncstc momcnto oc const|uio oc novos +|+o|gm+s o+ oc|co+oc
o+ |n|o|m+io
5. Governo brasileiro: passos iniciais para a trilha da segurana
ciberntica
O ||v|o Vc|oc o+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io no ||+s||
.+
,+ cm .ooo u+noo oc scu |+n+mcnto
+|cscnt+v+ uc |o ||+s|| govc|no c soc|co+oc ocvcm +no+| ,untos +|+ +sscgu|+| + c|scc-
t|v+ oc uc scus bcnc||c|os c|ct|v+mcntc +|c+nccm + tooos os b|+s||c||os O +ovcnto o+ oc|c-
o+oc o+ |n|o|m+io c o |uno+mcnto oc nov+s |o|m+s oc o|g+n|z+io c oc |oouio cm csc+|+
muno|+| |cocn|noo + |nsc|io oos +|scs n+ soc|co+oc |ntc|n+c|on+| c no s|stcm+ cconom|co
muno|+| cm t+mbcm como conscucnc|+ o su|g|mcnto oc nov+s ocm+no+s o|||g|o+s +o |o-
oc| |ub||co no uc |csc|t+ +o scu |o||o |unc|on+mcnto
|o cnt+nto +cs+| o+ cx+nsio oo uso o+ |ntc|nct nos u|t|mos +nos no ||+s|| o +|s ocu+ +|n-
o+ um os|c|on+mcnto cons|oc|+oo |u|m cm tc|mos oo aoo muno|+| o+uc|cs +|scs m+|s
concct+oos n+ |coc ocu+noo +tu+|mcntc o ,,o |ug+| scgunoo o wc'a |.coco. |cao
ww| (\\| +uo ||V^ .oo,
..
)
|csmo o|+ntc ocstc os|c|on+mcnto no aoo muno|+| scgunoo ^|cx+no|c +nc|cs |+g+-
||ics gc|cntc oc +n+||sc oo |boc;`e:|a:os o ||tmo oc c|csc|mcnto o+ |ntc|nct b|+s||c||+ c
|ntcnso |m ,u||o oc .oo, |o|+m cont+b|||z+oos e|s m|||ocs oc |ntc|n+ut+s no ||+s|| con|o|mc
o+oos oo |oce `e'seo Oo'oe ou sc,+ um +umcnto oc ., m|||ocs oc csso+s cm |c|+io +o
mcs +ntc||o| |m |c|+io +o +ccsso v|+ b+no+ |+|g+ o +|s +t|ng|u +oo| m|||ocs oc concxocs cm
,un|o oc .oos um +no c mc|o +ntcs oo |cv|sto ,+ uc css+ c|+ + |o,cio +|+ .o+o
.,

|c|+to||o oc +mc++s scgu|+n+ |oouz|oo c|+ o|os no |n|c|o oc .oo; +ont+ uc + C||n+
|o| |csons+vc| c|+ |oouio oc ,o/ oos sc/:.aes m+||c|osos v||tu+|s cs+||+oos c|o munoo
cm .ooe |m scgunoo |ug+| ++|ccc o ||+s|| com c+|g+ oc |csons+b|||o+oc oc cc|c+ oc +|./
.+ Socledade da lnrormao no 8rasll. ||v|o vc|oc ^|^O +|+|+s|| ||+s|||+ ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ .ooo +,,
.. ||V^ | | ^mc++ C|bc|nct|c+ + c|cnc|+ c + tccno|og|+ s|gn|c+m |og|csso m+s t+mbcm c||+m vu|nc|+b|||o+ocs c +mc++s
|n Ueresa Latlna. |u|-ct .oo, ,.-,|
., |st+t|st|c+s o+oos c |o,cocs +tu+|s sob|c + |ntc|nct no ||+s|| (||son|vc| cm n:://...:coeaaao,.co/o:eoe:_oc_
oas'n. ^ccsso cm o. sct .oo,)
cgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ o ocs+o o+ nov+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io
,)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
con|o|mc +m|+mcntc o|vu|g+oo n+uc|+ coc+ c|o |uc|co Oc|+c|on+| o+ oc|co+oc o+ |n-
|o|m+io no ||+s||
.|

^|no+ no c+so oo ||+s|| cstc tcm ||sto||+ n+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io c no c+mo o+ scgu|+n+
o+ |n|o|m+io c comun|c+ocs tcm govc|n+n+ cst+bc|cc|o+ |cg|s|+io v|gcntc vcm const|u|noo
scu +|c+bouo no|m+t|vo no mb|to oo govc|no |coc|+| c +cs+| oc |cccntc sc com+|+oo +o +|-
c+bouo oc |c|s no|m+s +o|ocs oos +|scs ocscnvo|v|oos tcm ocst+uc oc +tu+io c |ccon|cc|-
mcnto n+c|on+| c |ntc|n+c|on+| oc su+ comctcnc|+ cm tcm+s o||ct+mcntc co||c|+c|on+oos sc-
gu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ V+|c +u| ocst+c+| + comctcnc|+ tccn|c+ n+c|on+| oc t|+t+mcnto c |csost+
+ |nc|ocntcs oc |cocs comut+c|on+|s oc govc|no (o uc s|gn|c+ cm |csumo +ocs oc scgu|+n+
cont|+ +t+ucs oos c|+m+oos m+|w+|cs
.,
) |ccon|cc|o+ cm n|vc| n+c|on+| c |ntc|n+c|on+|
Out|oss|m como +ssos |n|c|+|s +|+ + const|uio o+ t||||+ o+ scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ no mb|to
o+ +om|n|st|+io ub||c+ |coc|+| o||ct+ c |no||ct+ (^||) o C+b|nctc oc cgu|+n+ |nst|tuc|on+|
o+ ||cs|ocnc|+ o+ |cub||c+ (C|||) o| |ntc|mco|o oc scu |c+|t+mcnto oc cgu|+n+ o+ |n-
|o|m+io c Comun|c+ocs (||C) vcm +|t|cu|+noo c |omovcnoo com + c|ct|v+ co|+bo|+io
oc |c|cscnt+ntcs oc v+||os o|gios o+ ^|| mcmb|os oo Com|tc Ccsto| oc cgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|-
m+io (CC|) um con,unto oc no|m+s v|s+noo +sscgu|+| + scgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io c comun|-
c+ocs no govc|no bcm como vcm +|+v+nc+noo + |nst|tu|io oc g|uos oc t|+b+||os c tccn|-
cos c + |o|m+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos +|+ o t|+t+mcnto oc tcm+s |c|+c|on+oos scgu|+n+
c|bc|nct|c+
.e

^|cscnt+-sc + scgu|| + sc||c o|sc|||n+| m+|s |cccntcmcntc ub||c+o+ no +|s no scnt|oo oc

+m||+| + o|sscm|n+io oc t+| m+|co no|m+t|vo bcm como cst|mu|+| uc + soc|co+oc +|-
t|c|c oc c|to ocst+ const|uio not+o+mcntc t+nto + comun|o+oc c|cnt|c+ c tccno|og|c+
com su+ || oc cxcc|cnc|+ n+ |oos|io c ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+(s) mc||o|(cs) so|uio(ocs)
tccno|og|c+(s) c mctooo|og|c+(s) u+nto + comun|o+oc oo scto| ||v+oo +tu+noo oc |o|m+ |no-
v+oo|+ no |+n+mcnto no mc|c+oo oc novos |ooutos |occssos c sc|v|os oc v+|o| +g|cg+oo
Como m+|co m+|s |cccntc c |c|cv+ntc +|+ o tcm+ cm +ut+ ooc-sc c|t+| + ub||c+io o+ |ns-
t|uio |o|m+t|v+ || C||| |o o+;.oos uc o|sc|||n+ comu|so||+mcntc + Ccstio oc cgu-
|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io c Comun|c+ocs n+ ^om|n|st|+io |ub||c+ |coc|+| o||ct+ c |no||ct+ + u+|
ocnc uc cgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io c Comun|c+ocs (|C) sio +ocs uc ob,ct|v+m v|+b|||z+|
.| ||+s|| c o scgunoo n+ ||st+ oos +|scs uc m+|s |oouzcm m+|w+|c (||non|vc| cm |tt;;wwwnos|cv;|nocx
|ot|on=com_contcntt+s|=v|cw|o=+s,. ^ccsso cm o. sct .oo,)
., ^|tc|+tos m+||c|osos uc sio cntcno|oos cm gc|+| como u+|uc| |og|+m+ oc comut+oo| const|u|oo com + |ntcnio oc
|ovoc+| o+nos obtc| |n|o|m+ocs nio +uto||z+o+s ou |ntc||omc| o |unc|on+mcnto oc s|stcm+s c;ou |cocs oc comut+oo|cs
.e ^ comctcnc|+ c o cscoo oc +tu+io oos o|gios c|t+oos sio ocn|oos nos scgu|ntcs |nst|umcntos |cg+|s +) c||+io oo
C||| |c| |o +oes, oc .s;o,;.oo, b) c||+io oo ||C;C||| |cc|cto |o ,;;. oc os;o,;.ooe c c) c||+io oo CC| ^|t eo
oo |cc|cto |o ,,o, oc +,;oe;.ooo
C|+uo|+ C+nong|+ & |+|+c| |+no+||no
,s
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
c +sscgu|+| + o|son|b|||o+oc + |ntcg||o+oc + conocnc|+||o+oc c + +utcnt|c|o+oc o+s |n|o|m+-
ocs |nov+noo c +m||+noo o|t+nto o cscoo t|+o|c|on+|mcntc con|cc|oo c +oot+oo n+ sc-
gu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io
Os concc|tos ocn|oos n+ c|t+o+ || C||| o+;.oos c|m|tcm cv|ocnc|+| os +|mct|os c os v+-
|o|cs ||o||t+||os oc |C con|o|mc +|cscnt+oos + scgu|| +) o|son|b|||o+oc |o||co+oc oc uc
+ |n|o|m+io cstc,+ +ccss|vc| c ut|||z+vc| sob ocm+no+ o| um+ csso+ ||s|c+ ou octc|m|n+oo
s|stcm+ o|gio ou cnt|o+oc b) |ntcg||o+oc |o||co+oc oc uc + |n|o|m+io nio |o| moo|c+o+
ou ocst|u|o+ oc m+nc||+ nio +uto||z+o+ ou +c|ocnt+| c) conocnc|+||o+oc |o||co+oc oc uc
+ |n|o|m+io nio cstc,+ o|son|vc| ou |cvc|+o+ + csso+ ||s|c+ s|stcm+ o|gio ou cnt|o+oc nio
+uto||z+oo c c|cocnc|+oo c o) +utcnt|c|o+oc |o||co+oc oc uc + |n|o|m+io |o| |oouz|o+
cxco|o+ moo|c+o+ ou ocst|u|o+ o| um+ octc|m|n+o+ csso+ ||s|c+ ou o| um octc|m|n+oo
s|stcm+ o|gio ou eo:aaae
Os ocsoob|+mcntos ncccss+||os |m|cmcnt+io oo uc c o|sc|||n+oo c|+ c|t+o+ || sio |o-
ouz|oos c ub||c+oos n+ |o|m+ oc |o|m+s Com|cmcnt+|cs (|C) co|oc+o+s como +ocs +o|-
c|on+|s c comu|so||+s +|+ + ^||
|o uc sc |c|c|c +os tcm+s m+|s o||ct+mcntc co||c|+c|on+oos +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c |m|+nt+-
io o+ |C nos o|gios c cnt|o+ocs o+ ^|| + |oouio c |cscct|v+ ub||c+io no |O| oc |Cs
oco||cu cm .oo, com +s scgu|ntcs ub||c+ocs
+ |C o,;||o+;||C;C||| |||ct||zcs +|+ + ||+bo|+io oc |o||t|c+ oc cgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|-
m+io c Comun|c+ocs nos O|gios c |nt|o+ocs o+ ^om|n|st|+io |ub||c+ |coc|+| |o|-
t+||+ |o ., ub||c+o+ no |O| |o +., oc o, oc ,u||o oc .oo,
. |C o|;||o+;||C;C||| Ccstio oc ||sco oc cgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io c Comun|c+ocs
- C||C nos O|gios c |nt|o+ocs o+ ^om|n|st|+io |ub||c+ |coc|+| |o|t+||+ |o ,; u-
b||c+o+ no |O| |o +,e oc +; oc +gosto oc .oo, c
, |C o,;||o+;||C;C||| C||+io oc |u|cs oc |+t+mcnto c |csost+ + |nc|ocntcs cm
|cocs Comut+c|on+|s - ||| nos O|gios c cnt|o+ocs o+ ^om|n|st|+io |ub||c+ |coc|+|
|o|t+||+ |o ,s ub||c+o+ no |O| |o +,e oc +; oc +gosto oc .oo,
|stc m+|co o|sc|||n+| cc|t+mcntc |c|cscnt+|+ um ocs+o + sc| cn||cnt+oo c|+ ^|| o|cm c
s+b|oo uc no ccn+||o +tu+| nio c |+us|vc| +cc|t+| cc|t+s vu|nc|+b|||o+ocs c o|t+nto mc|os c
mcc+n|smos ocvc|io sc| +|t|cu|+oos +|+ o succsso o+s nov+s |m|cmcnt+ocs cm tooos os o|-
gios c cnt|o+ocs o+ ^||
cgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ o ocs+o o+ nov+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io
,,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
|cstc contcxto ocst+c+m-sc os +v+nos +tc cntio +|c+n+oos como |csost+ c|ccio oc
ncccss|o+oc oc |ovc| u+o|os no c+mo oc con|cc|mcnto oc |C ocsoc .ooe +tc ,u||o oc
.oo, c|o ||C;C||| cm uc |o|+m ut|||z+oos |ccu|sos o|+mcnt+||os ocst|n+oos |o|m+io
oc |ccu|sos |um+nos o+ scgu|ntc |o|m+ +) cvcntos oc scns|b|||z+io t|o +|cst|+s sob|c o tcm+
+|+ um ub||co cst|m+oo oc .| m|| csso+s t+nto no ||+s|| u+nto no cxtc||o| b) cvcntos oc
consc|cnt|z+io t|o scm|n+||os oc|n+s c cong|cssos +|+ .,;. sc|v|oo|cs ub||cos o|st||bu|-
oos o| m+|s oc |o |nst|tu|ocs o+ +om|n|st|+io ub||c+ |coc|+| cs+||+oos cm o|vc|s+s c+|t+|s
c|o ||+s|| c) cvcntos oc c++c|t+io t|o cu|sos b+s|cos c oc |uno+mcntos +|+ ,,, sc|v|oo|cs
ub||cos oc ,s |nst|tu|ocs o+ +om|n|st|+io ub||c+ |coc|+| cm ||+s|||+ ||o oc |+nc||o io |+u|o
|o|to ^|cg|c c |o|t+|cz+ c o) cvcntos oc cscc|+||z+io t|o cu|so oc osg|+ou+io +|+ so sc|-
v|oo|cs ub||cos c m|||t+|cs oc ., |nst|tu|ocs o+ +om|n|st|+io ub||c+ |coc|+| cm ou+s tu|m+s
|o |occsso oc cvo|uio cst+ |+nc,+oo +|+ .oo, + |o|m+t+io c cxccuio oc cu|sos b+s|cos
oc |uno+mcntos c oc cscc|+||z+io o|stnc|+
O Cu|so oc |scc|+||z+io cm Ccstio o+ cgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io c Comun|c+ocs |n|c|+oo
cm .oo; no mb|to o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc oc ||+s|||+ (|n|) |c+|t+mcnto oc C|cnc|+ o+ Comu-
t+io (|C|) cont+ +tu+|mcntc com um+ c+|g+ |o|+||+ oc ,;, |o|+s;+u|+ tu|m+s |cscnc|+|s
oc |o +|unos c+o+ sc|cio oc +|unos o+ ^|| cst+ n+ su+ .+ co|io c tcm |cv|sio oc |+n+-
mcnto o+ ,+ tu|m+ no n+| ocstc +no com novo mooc|o oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto +ss+noo + sc|
o|son|b|||z+oo o|stnc|+ ^|cm o|sso +v+n+| n+ mooc|+gcm c n+ +|t|cu|+io ocstc cu|so
oc cscc|+||z+io +|+ um mcst|+oo |oss|on+| |+z +|tc oos ocs+os co|oc+oos +|+ .o+o
+os +|cc||os o+ +c+ocm|+ uc co|+bo|+|io c +|t|c|+|io oo novo |occsso V+|c o|zc| uc
oos |o +|unos o+ ||mc||+ tu|m+ ocstc cu|so oc cscc|+||z+io ,| sc|v|oo|cs ub||cos c m|||-
t+|cs conc|u||+m o mcsmo tcnoo ocos|t+oo su+s monog|++s n+s b|b||otcc+s o+ |n| c o+
||cs|ocnc|+ o+ |cub||c+
om+-sc o |+to oc uc out|os tcm+s c c+mos oc +tu+io cont|nu+|io + sc|cm ocscnvo|v|oos c
o|sc|||n+oos scm|c n+ o||cio oc o|sc|||n+| + |C n+ ^|| c oc cont||bu|| com + cvo|uio o+s
|+t|c+s govc|n+mcnt+|s +o n|vc| oc mc|c+oo c||+noo um +mb|cntc |o|c|o t||||+ o+ scgu-
|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ n+c|on+|
||+ntc oos tcm+s novos c ocs++oo|cs bcm como o+ ncccss+||+ +tu+||z+io concc|tu+| mcto-
oo|og|c+ c |cscct|v+ |oos|io oc +ocs cont|nu+o+s out|+s |n|c|+t|v+s uc v|s+m |omovc| +
|C n+ ^|| ,+ |nco|o|+noo + scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ como +no oc |unoo cstio scnoo cm|c-
cno|o+s com +o|o c no mb|to oo Com|tc Ccsto| oc cgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io como c o c+so
o+ |o|t+||+ |o ,| uc |nst|tu| o C|uo oc |+b+||o oc cgu|+n+ o+s |n||+cst|utu|+s C||t|c+s o+
|n|o|m+io c o+ |o|t+||+ |o ,, uc |nst|tu| o C|uo oc |+b+||o oc C||tog|++ ub||c+o+s
no |O| |o +|, c +,o oc oe c o; oc +gosto oc .oo,
C|+uo|+ C+nong|+ & |+|+c| |+no+||no
o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
5.1. E o Brasil frente ao problema
^costumou-sc |cg|+ gc|+| + cntcnoc| uc +s g|+nocs ucstocs uc |+b|t+m + +gcno+ |ntc|n+-
c|on+| sio |ntc|n+||z+o+s no +|s com cc|to +t|+so |sso nio co||csonoc vc|o+oc ncstc c+so
|ooc-sc c|ccbc| n+s scssocs +ntc||o|cs uc +s +ocs nos +|scs o|tos m+|s ocscnvo|v|oos +|no+
sc cncont|+m cm um+ |+sc |c+|+to||+ |nc||cntc
|o +|s cst+ scnoo +com+n|+oo +| c +sso + cvo|uio oo tcm+ c scus ocsoob|+mcntos V+|c
not+| uc cm s oc outub|o oc .oos +os cc|c+ oc um +no oc cstuoos |c+||z+oos c|o C+b|nc-
tc oc cgu|+n+ |nst|tuc|on+| o+ ||cs|ocnc|+ o+ |cub||c+ (C|||) o| |ntc|mco|o oo |c+|t+-
mcnto oc cgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io c Comun|c+ocs (||C) + |csc|to oo tcm+ o +ssunto |o|
+|cscnt+oo n+ |o|m+ oc um+ |oost+ +|+ + c|+bo|+io oc um+ |st|+tcg|+ oc cgu|+n+ c oc
|c|cs+ C|bc|nct|c+ +|+ o |+|s cm um+ |cun|io cxt|+o|o|n+||+ o+ Cm+|+ oc |c|+ocs |xtc||o-
|cs c |c|cs+ |+c|on+| (C|cocn) oo Consc||o oc Covc|no convoc+o+ cxt|+o|o|n+||+mcntc +|+
cstc m |+uc|+ oc+s|io +os + +|cscnt+io oo +ssunto c oo mooc|o |oosto os mcmb|os
o+uc|+ Cm+|+ +os um+ o|scussio b|cvc oc||bc|+|+m c|+ +|ov+io o+ |n|c|+t|v+ |oost+
o| un+n|m|o+oc
|+|+ o+| m+|s cons|stcnc|+ uc|+ occ|sio ou|+ntc os o|to mcscs scgu|ntcs o| octc|m|n+io oo
C||| o ||C +m||ou o cstuoo busc+noo ncst+ |+sc |n|c|+| ||nc|+|mcntc cntcnoc| como os
ocm+|s +|scs cst+v+m sc |c+|+noo c uc mctooo|og|+ cst+v+m cm|cg+noo +|+ |+zc| ||cn-
tc cst+ +mc++ |o|+m |c+||z+o+s v|s|t+s tccn|c+s c consu|t+s + +|guns Covc|nos c + conc|usio
+ uc sc c|cgou c oc uc nio cx|stcm mooc|os tot+|mcntc |ontos c ncm um cntcno|mcnto
conscns+oo oc como cn||cnt+| + ucstio oc |o|m+ cst|utu|+o+
|m +gosto oo co||cntc +no o +ssunto |o| +|cscnt+oo +o ||cs|ocntc o+ |cub||c+ |u|z |n+c|o
|u|+ o+ ||v+ uc ocu + su+ +|ov+io +|+ uc o tcm+ |ossc |o|m+|mcntc |nt|oouz|oo n+ +gcn-
o+ o+ ^om|n|st|+io |ub||c+ |coc|+| ^ss|m o ||+||o Oc|+| o+ |n|io oc , oc sctcmb|o oc .oo,
ub||cou + |o|t+||+ |o |, oo ||n|st|o C|c|c oo C||| uc t+mbcm c o ||cs|ocntc o+ C|cocn
|nst|tu|noo no mb|to o+uc|+ Cm+|+ oc |c|+ocs |xtc||o|cs c |c|cs+ o C|uo ccn|co oc c-
gu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+
|stc C|uo comosto o| |c|cscnt+ntcs oos ||n|stc||os o+ |ust|+ o+ |c|cs+ o+s |c|+ocs
|xtc||o|cs c oos Com+no+ntcs o+ |+||n|+ oo |xc|c|to c o+ ^c|on+ut|c+ Coo|ocn+oos c|o
|c|cscnt+ntc oo ||n|st|o C|c|c oo C||| tc|+ como ob,ct|vo |oo| o||ct||zcs c cst|+tcg|+s
+|+ + cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+ no mb|to o+ ^om|n|st|+io |ub||c+ |coc|+| um+ m|ssio con-
s|oc|+o+ oc |c|cv+ntc |ntc|cssc ub||co c oo |st+oo ^ ocs|gn+io o+ Coo|ocn+io c oo C|-
|| com + |no|c+io oc uc + mcsm+ sc|+ cxc|c|o+ o| |ntc|mco|o oo ||C bcm como |+ +
cgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ o ocs+o o+ nov+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io
+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
oo|tun|o+oc oc uc sc,+m conv|o+oos cscc|+||st+s o+ +c+ocm|+ c oo scto| ||v+oo v|s+noo
um+ const|uio +|t|c|+t|v+
Os |cssuostos uc |cv+|+m + c||+io ocstc g|uo oocm sc| cncont|+o+s n+uc|+ |oost+
o||g|n+| C|cocn c |o|+m |csum|o+s nos cons|oc|+noo o+ c|t+o+ |o|t+||+ |c|ccc ocst+uc n+-
uc|c tcxto |cg+| o |+to oc tc| s|oo cx||c|t+oo + s+|v+gu+|o+ oc uc + |cocu+io com + scgu-
|+n+ o+s |n|o|m+ocs nio ooc sc|v|| oc cxcus+s ncccss+||+ t|+ns+|cnc|+ oos +tos ub||cos
Os concc|tos sob|c cgu|+nc+ C|bc|nct|c+ |n||+cst|utu|+s C||t|c+s c ^t|vos oc |n|o|m+io +|c-
scnt+oos ncstc +|t|go t+mbcm |o|+m cx||c|t+oos n+uc|+ |o|t+||+
^cs+| oo C|uo +|no+ cst+ cm |occsso oc nomc+io com os |n|c|os oos t|+b+||os |cv|stos
+|+ + ||mc||+ scm+n+ oc novcmb|o oc .oo, ,+ cx|stc um oocumcnto b+sc +|+ +ux|||+| o |n|c|o
oos t|+b+||os o u+| +|no+ nio cont+ com + +|ov+io oo C + ucm c+bc|+ com|cmcnt+| c
+||mo|+| +s |oc|+s nc|c cont|o+
|stc oocumcnto +|cscnt+ cm csscnc|+ os ||mc||os +ssos +|+ + const|uio oc um+ |st|+tc-
g|+ |+c|on+| oc cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+ tom+noo como b+sc + monog|++ oo +uto| c|t+o+ n+
not+ oc |oo+c no os
O mooc|o |ccon|z+ ocsoc mco|o+s oc |otcio +ss+noo c|o ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ c++c|-
o+oc oc o|ssu+sio c |oocm um +m|o |og|+m+ oc c++c|t+io uc sc |n|c|+ n+s +ocs oc
consc|cnt|z+io c tcm scu +ugc no |c+|o cscc|co c +|o|uno+oo oc tooos uc tcm |cson-
s+b|||o+oc c|+ gcstio o+ |n||+cst|utu|+ c||t|c+ oc |n|o|m+io n+ ^||
|io sc ooc oc|x+| oc |cg|st|+| como m+|s um |mo|t+ntc +sso n+ t||||+ o+ scgu|+n+ c o+
oc|cs+ c|bc|nct|c+ oo +|s o |cc|cto | e;o,;.oos
.;
uc +|ov+ + |st|+tcg|+ |+c|on+| oc |c|cs+
c tcm cm su+ o|mcnsio + ucstio c|bc|nct|c+ t|+t+o+ no uc sc |c|c|c s tccno|og|+s c++c|-
t+ocs +|cc||+s cst|+tcg|c+s c |ntc|cmb|os com n+ocs +m|g+s ncstc u|t|mo c+so +|t|cu|+|-
mcntc com +s n+ocs oo cnto|no cst|+tcg|co b|+s||c||o c +s o+ Comun|o+oc oc |+|scs oc ||ngu+
|o|tugucs+
5.2. Esboo de uma estratgia de segurana ciberntica para o Brasil
^o sc |oo| + ocn|io +|+ |st|+tcg|+ oc cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+ otou-sc o| |n|c|+-|+ com +
+|+v|+ +|tc tcnoo cm mcntc uc sc t|+t+v+ oc um+ t+|c|+ un|c+ |io cx|stcm mooc|os + sc-
|cm scgu|oos o|s como +|cscnt+oo sio ouc+s +s n+ocs uc sc ocb|u+|+m sob|c o tcm+
.; ||^|C|^ |+c|on+| oc |c|cs+ (||son|vc| cm n:://.../aoo'o/c:a'/ae/esa/es:a:ea_ae/esa_oa.coa'_c:a
aesa/. ^ccsso cm o; m+| .oo,)
C|+uo|+ C+nong|+ & |+|+c| |+no+||no
:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
c +uc|+s uc o zc|+m +|no+ cstio const|u|noo scus |c|c|cnc|+|s tco||cos c |+t|cos |csmo sc
|ouvcsscm |c|c|cnc|+s c|+s +,uo+||+m cm +|tc o|s css+ t+|c|+ uc cx|gc mu|t+ c||+t|v|o+oc
tcm uc sc| const|u|o+ b+sc+o+ sob|ctuoo cm mu|to con|cc|mcnto o+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s |o||+s
oc c+o+ |st+oo c oc|co+oc ^ss|m +|+ uc + +|tc oc +sscgu|+| + cx|stcnc|+ c + cont|nu|o+oc o+
oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io o+ n+io b|+s||c||+ g+|+nt|noo c |otcgcnoo no |s+o C|bc|nct|co
os +t|vos oc |n|o|m+io c +s |n||+cst|utu|+s c||t|c+s oo +|s sc,+ c|ct|v+ scm + |ctcnsio oc cs-
got+| o +ssunto |no|c+m-sc +s scgu|ntcs cono|ocs csscnc|+|s
con|ccc| o g|+u oc vu|nc|+b|||o+ oc oo +|s cm |c|+io +os scus s|stcm+s oc |n|o|m+io
c +s su+s |n||+cst|utu|+s c||t|c+s oc |n|o|m+io
|ocnt|c+| os sc|v|os c||t|cos csscnc|+|s o+ |n||+cst|utu|+ oc |n|o|m+ocs +|+ o |unc|o-
n+mcnto o+ |n||+cst|utu|+ c||t|c+
octc|m|n+| o g|+u oc occnocnc|+ oos sc|v|os o+s |n||+cst|utu|+s c||t|c+s oc |n|o|m+-
ocs sob|c +s |n||+cst|utu|+s c||t|c+s
ocscnvo|vc| um+ mctooo|og|+ comum +|+ +v+||+| + vu|nc|+b|||o+oc o+s |n||+cst|utu|+s
c||t|c+s oc |n|o|m+io oos scus s|stcm+s c oc scus sc|v|os
c|+bo|+| um+ mctooo|og|+ +|+ +v+||+ocs oc ||sco cm scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+
conccbc| um s|stcm+ oc mco|o+s |cvcnt|v+s cont|+ +t+ucs c|bc|nct|cos
com|ccnoc| uc + scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ so sc o+|+ |cn+mcntc sc n+ |n|o|m+t|z+io
oc scus s|stcm+s c||t|cos o concc|to oc scgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io c comun|c+ocs |o|cm
obsc|v+oos oc |o|m+ cc|cntc
cst+bc|ccc| uc s +u|s|ocs oc |ooutos c sc|v|os us+oos cm s|stcm+s c||t|cos ocv+m
sc| tcst+oos c cc|t|c+oos o| c||tc||os |o||os ^||
ocscnvo|vc| +|go||tmos c||tog|+cos |o||os c cst+bc|ccc| c||tc||os +|+ scu uso
const|u|| o m+|co |cg+| cont|+ +t+ucs c|bc|nct|cos
cst+bc|ccc| |og|+m+s oc cooc|+io cnt|c Covc|no c oc|co+oc bcm como com ou-
t|os Covc|nos c + comun|o+oc |ntc|n+c|on+|
cst|c|t+| +|cc||+s c +ocs co|+bo|+t|vos com o scto| ||v+oo
ocscnvo|vc| |og|+m+ n+c|on+| oc c++c|t+io cm scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ c |cc|ut+mcn-
to uc sc,+ const|u|oo +|t|| o+ v|sio |ntc|o|sc|||n+| uc o tcm+ |cuc| nos n|vc|s b+-
s|co tccn|co g|+ou+io cscc|+||z+io mcst|+oo c oouto|+oo c
|omovc| c |o|t+|ccc| + csu|s+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c + |nov+io cm scgu|+n+ c|bc|-
nct|c+ c tcm+s co||c|+tos
cgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ o ocs+o o+ nov+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io
,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
6. Consideraes nais
| csscnc|+| cm tc|mos o||t|cos cconom|cos c soc|+|s n+ c|+ +tu+| o+ nov+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|-
m+io uc occnoc |o|tcmcntc o+ b+sc couc+c|on+| oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|co c tccno|o-
g|co c o+ c++c|o+oc oc +|t|cu|+io c oc |omoio oc +|cc||+s oc um+ n+io uc sc,+ |o|mu-
|+o+ + cst|+tcg|+ oc scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ b|+s||c||+
Cc|t+mcntc + scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ |cuc| um m+|o| o|+|ogo c conscucntc |o|t+|cc|mcnto
n+s |c|+ocs o+ t||||cc |c||cc (govc|no +c+ocm|+ c scto| ||v+oo) bcm como o |o|t+|cc|mcnto
cm n|vc| n+c|on+| c |ntc|n+c|on+| o+ cooc|+io tccn|c+ c o+ |nsc|io oo +|s cm |o|uns oc |o|-
m+io oc o|n|io c oc occ|sio
|||s+-sc uc +|+ t+nto + cooc|+io |ntc|n+c|on+| c o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc /aoe.c |+|mo-
n|z+oo to|n+|+m-sc |cu|s|tos csscnc|+|s +|+ cn||cnt+| os ocs+os oc scgu|+n+ o+s |n||+cst|u-
tu|+s c||t|c+s oos +|scs cm cscc|+| o+ |n||+cst|utu|+ c||t|c+ o+ |n|o|m+io oc c+o+ n+io oc
c+o+ |cg|io cconom|c+ cnm o+ +|oc|+ g|ob+|
^ scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ c +s |cscct|v+s oc||v+ocs o||uno+s o+ com|cx|o+oc o+ mcsm+ c|-
m|tcm oc|ccnoc| uc + comun|o+oc g|ob+| cm cscc|+| oc govc|no oc csu|s+ oc cns|no o+
|n|c|+t|v+ ||v+o+ c oo tc|cc||o scto| ocvc|+ cntcnoc| conc|ct+mcntc + cnvc|g+ou|+ ocstc tcm+
cst|+tcg|co | conscucntcmcntc ocvc|+ cm|ccnoc| cs|o|os oc mob|||z+io c oc +|t|cu|+io
oc mcc+n|smos +|+ com+|t|||+| so|uocs c mc||o|cs |+t|c+s oc scgu|+n+ o+ |n||+cst|utu|+
c||t|c+ o+ |n|o|m+io |o|t+|cccnoo +ss|m + v|g||nc|+ + |o+t|v|o+oc c + |nov+io oc |o|m+ +
|csonoc| c m|n|m|z+| os ||scos c|bc|nct|cos
|o +tu+| ccn+||o c |cc|so scm u+|uc| somb|+ oc ouv|o+s +umcnt+| s|gn|c+t|v+mcntc + |o|-
m+io oc |ccu|sos |um+nos cscc|+||z+oos cm scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ c cm +|c+s co||c|+t+s cm
tooos os n|vc|s ocsoc + |o|m+io b+s|c+ +ss+noo c|+ tccn|c+ c +|c+n+noo +tc o m+|s +|to
n|vc| o+ osg|+ou+io |o|s oc n+o+ v+|c + mc||o| c++c|t+io tccn|c+ sc nio sc consc|cnt|z+|
o usu+||o o |oss|on+| o c|o+oio ocst+s tccno|og|+s c oc uc + scgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io c
conscucntcmcntc + scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ c um |ob|cm+ oc tooos ^ss|m scnoo cst+ cons-
c|cnt|z+io ocvc sc| |n|c|+o+ ocsoc o cns|no |uno+mcnt+| c||+noo um+ cu|tu|+ o||cnt+o+ + cst+
+bo|o+gcm o|s c |ncg+vc| uc + c+o+ o|+ + |n|c|+io o|g|t+| sc o+ cm |o+ocs m+|s |ccoccs
O ||+s|| tcm o|t+nto o ocs+o + cn||cnt+| u+| sc,+ +o mcsmo tcmo cm uc vcm sc o|g+-
n|z+noo c g+n|+noo cs+o oc |ccon|cc|oo ocst+uc oc su+ +tu+io no tcm+ vc +m||+o+ su+
|csons+b|||o+oc o+oo scu +c| oc ocst+uc no |occsso oc tom+o+ oc occ|sio no contcxto
o+s n+ocs
C|+uo|+ C+nong|+ & |+|+c| |+no+||no

|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,

||n+|mcntc mu|to |+ +|no+ uc sc| o|+|og+oo c const|u|oo o ocs+o c |c+|mcntc oc tooos c
c|+|o oo munoo |stc +|t|go nio |ctcnocu sc| cx+ust|vo cm |c|+io s cst|+tcg|+s c s +ocs oo
govc|no b|+s||c||o c oc out|+s cconom|+s no mb|to ocstc tcm+ tio com|cxo o|t+oo| oc |u-
tu|o c |nst|g+ntc c s|m |ctcnocu o|sscm|n+| um+ s|ntcsc oo ccn+||o muno|+| +tu+| c os +ssos
m+|s |cccntcs oo govc|no b|+s||c||o |c+||z+oos no mb|to oo C||| cm |o| o+ const|uio o+
t||||+ o+ scgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ +|+ o +|s como |o|m+ oc subs|o|+| o ocb+tc n+c|on+| c + c||+-
io oc +gcno+ cscc|c+
Referncias
^|O||O|| |con+|oo Lstatlstlcas, dados e projees atuals sobre a |nternet no 8rasll. ||son|vc|
cm |tt;;wwwtobcgu+|+nycom;|ntc|nct_no_b|+s|||. ^ccsso cm 0. sct .00
^OC|^^O |^|^ ^ ||O|O^O | ||||VO|V||||O |^ OC|||^|| |^ |||O||^^O
(^|||) Clossarlo da Socledade da |nrormao. |o|tug+| ^||| .00
||^|| |cc|cto n o0! oc 1c oc oczcmb|o oc .00c ^|ov+ + |st|+tcg|+ |+c|on+| oc |c|cs+ c o+
out|+s |ov|ocnc|+s ||son|vc| cm |tt;;www|+bm||b|;o|t+|;oc|cs+;cst|+tcg|+_oc|cs+_n+-
c|on+|_o|tugucso|. ^ccsso cm 0 m+|o .00
||^|| c o scgunoo n+ ||st+ oos +|scs uc m+|s |oouzcm m+|w+|c ||son|vc| cm |tt;;wwwnos|
cv;|nocx|ot|on=com_contcntt+s|=v|cw|o=1c ^ccsso cm 0. sct .00
||^|| C+b|nctc oc cgu|+n+ |nst|tuc|on+| o+ ||cs|ocnc|+ o+ |cub||c+ (C|||) |c| n 10oc! oc .c
oc m+|o oc .00! ||soc sob|c + o|g+n|z+io o+ ||cs|ocnc|+ o+ |cub||c+ c oos ||n|stc||os c o+
out|+s |ov|ocnc|+s ||son|vc| cm |tt;;www|+n+|togovb|;cc|v||_0!;|||;.00!;|10oc!
|tm. ^ccsso cm 1 ocz .00
||^|| |nst|uio |o|m+t|v+ oc 1! oc ,un|o oc .00c ||sc|||n+ + Ccstio o+ cgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io
c Comun|c+ocs n+ ^om|n|st|+io |ub||c+ |coc|+| o||ct+ c |no||ct+ Ularlo oclal da Unlo n
11 1c ,un .00c
||^|| |o|m+ Com|cmcnt+| 0!;||01;||C;C||| |||ct||zcs +|+ + ||+bo|+io oc |o||t|c+ oc cgu-
|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io c Comun|c+ocs nos O|gios c |nt|o+ocs o+ ^om|n|st|+io |ub||c+ |coc|+|
Ularlo oclal da Unlo, n 1. 0! ,u| .00
||^|| |o|m+ Com|cmcnt+| 04;||01;||C;C||| Ccstio oc ||sco oc cgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io c
Comun|c+ocs C||C nos O|gios c |nt|o+ocs o+ ^om|n|st|+io |ub||c+ |coc|+| Ularlo oclal
da Unlo, n 1o 1 +go .00
||^|| |o|m+ Com|cmcnt+| 0;||01;||C;C||| C||+io oc |u|cs oc |+t+mcnto c |csost+ +
|nc|ocntcs cm |cocs Comut+c|on+|s nos O|gios c |nt|o+ocs o+ ^om|n|st|+io |ub||c+ |coc|+|
Ularlo oclal da Unlo n 1. 0! ,u| .00
cgu|+n+ c|bc|nct|c+ o ocs+o o+ nov+ oc|co+oc o+ |n|o|m+io
,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
||^|| |o|t+||+ n !4 oc 0 oc +gosto oc .00 |nst|tu| C|uo oc |+b+||o oc cgu|+n+ o+s |n||+cst|u-
tu|+s C||t|c+s o+ |n|o|m+io no mb|to oo Com|tc Ccsto| oc cgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io - CC|
Ularlo oclal da Unlo, n 14 0o +go .00
||^|| |o|t+||+ n ! oc 0o oc +gosto oc .00 |nst|tu| C|uo oc |+b+||o oc C||tog|++ no mb|to oo
Com|tc Ccsto| oc cgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io - CC| ||+||o oc|+| o+ |n|io n 10 0 +go .00
||^|| |o|t+||+ n 4 oc 0c oc sctcmb|o oc .00 |nst|tu| no mb|to o+ Cm+|+ oc |c|+ocs |xtc||o|cs
c |c|cs+ |+c|on+| (C|||||) o C|uo ccn|co oc cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+ c o+ out|+s |ov|ocn-
c|+s ||+||o Oc|+| o+ |n|io n 1. 0 sct .00
||^|| ||cs|ocnc|+ o+ |cub||c+ ortal do Uepartamento de Segurana da |nrormao e Comunlca-
es. ||son|vc| cm |tt;;os|c|+n+|togovb|. ^ccsso cm 1 ocz .00
C^|||| O|||C| Cyber securlty strategy or tbe Unlted klngdom: s+|cty sccu||ty +no |cs|||cncc |n cy-
bc| s+cc || O cc o| Cybc| ccu||ty (OC) +no || Cybc| ccu||ty Oc|+t|ons Ccnt|c (COC)
|| O |un .00 .
C|||| |O| |^|C|C ^|| |||||^|O|^| |||| Securlng Cyberspace ror tbe 44tb |co|t
o| t|c C| Comm|ss|on on Cybc|sccu||ty |o| t|c 44t| \+s||ngton ||cs|ocncy |cc .00c cc
CO||| C|O| || |C||^|^ |^ |||O||^^O (CC|) Art. 6 |cc|cto n !0 oc 1! ,un .000
|||^|^|||O || |C||^|^ |^ |||O||^^O | CO||||C^O| (||C;C|||) |cc|cto n
. oc 0c m+|o .00o
|||^|||| O| |O|||^|| |C||| Hatlonal lnrrastructure protectlon plan: +|tnc||ng to
cn|+ncc |otcct|on +no |cs|||cncy ||^ || .00 1.
||||V|^ oc |+||+n+ |uccn+ sob|c cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+ kevlsta Callleu ||son|vc| cm
|tt;;os|c|+n+|togovb|;not|c|+s;o-cnt|cv|st+-oo-o||cto|-oo-os|c-+-|cv|st+-g+|||cu. ^ccsso
cm 0. sct .00
C|O^||O o+s |o|+s ^|m+o+s ||!-C-01 .00
||C|^|||^ c ||^ sc +||+m n+ cgu|+n+ C|bc|nct|c+ Convc|gcnc|+ o|g|t+| .o ,un .00 ||son|vc|
cm |tt;;wwwconvc|gcnc|+o|g|t+|comb|;cg|;cg||u+cxc;sys;st+|t|tm|n|o|o=1!o.s|o=1c
t|=||ntc|v|cw. ^ccsso cm 0. sct .00
|||||^|O|^| |||CO|||||C^|O| |||O| Clobal Cybersecurlty Agenda (CCA) ||+mcwo||
|o| |ntc|n+t|on+| cooc|+t|on w|tzc||+no || .00 10
|^||^|||O || | |m cstuoo sob|c + scgu|+n+ c + oc|cs+ oo cs+o c|bc|nct|co b|+s||c||o |ono-
g|++ +|ov+o+ no Cu|so oc |scc|+||z+io cm Ccstio o+ cgu|+n+ o+ |n|o|m+io c Comun|-
c+ocs ||+s|||+ |n|vc|s|o+oc oc ||+s|||+ - |n|; |c+|t+mcnto oc C|cnc|+ o+ Comut+io ,un
.00 .
||C|OO| ||c|oso|t sccu||ty |ntc|||gcncc |co|t ||^ ||c|oso|t |u|-|cc .00c 1c! ov
O|C^||z^|O| |O| |CO|O||C CO-O|||^|O| ^|| ||V||O|||| (O|C|) Culdellnes ror tbe
securlty or lnrormatlon systems and networls: tow+|os + cu|tu|c o| sccu||ty ^ootco +s + |ccom-
mcno+t|on o| t|c O|C| Counc|| +t |ts 10!t| css|on on . |u|y .00. |+||s O|C| .00. .c
C|+uo|+ C+nong|+ & |+|+c| |+no+||no
o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .+-|e ,u|-ocz .oo,
O|C^||z^|O| |O| |CO|O||C CO-O|||^|O| ^|| ||V||O|||| (O|C|) kecommenda-
tlon or tbe councll on tbe protectlon or crltlcal lnrormatlon lnrrastructure ^ootco +s + |c-
commcno+t|on o| t|c O|C| Counc|| +t |ts 11.t| css|on on !0 ^||| .00c cou| |un .00c
||V^ | | ^mc++ C|bc|nct|c+ + c|cnc|+ c + tccno|og|+ s|gn|c+m |og|csso m+s t+mbcm c||+m vu|nc-
|+b|||o+ocs c +mc++s |n ||||^ |+t|n+ ,u|-sct .00 .-4
O|z^ +yn+| |ocs oc C^|O|C|^ C|+uo|+ 1ecbnlcal lnrrastructure and lts lmportance to na-
tlonal systems or lnnovatlon ln 8k|CS ||o,cto |stuoo Com+|+t|vo oos |stcm+s oc |nov+io
no ||+s|| |uss|+ |no|+ C||n+ c ^|||c+ oo u| |||C |ot+ ccn|c+ ||n+| cm |ng|cs ||+s|||+
CC|| ,u| .00 . ||son|vc| cm |tt;;wwwcgcco|gb|;+t|v|o+ocs;consu|t+||oouto
||=1|o||oouto=4111. ^ccsso cm 1 ocz .00
||| C|||st|nc ||omot|ng + cu|tu|c o| Cybc|sccu||ty |n || ||C|O|^| C||||C||| |O|||
|O| |^||| ^|| O||||| ^|||C^ |us+|+ .-.c ^ug .00c |us+|+ || .00c
^|^|^|| +o+o (O|g) Socledade da lnrormao no 8rasll ||v|o vc|oc ||+s|||+ ||n|stc||o o+ C|cn-
c|+ c ccno|og|+ .000 1
|| |C ||V C|O|| 1racllng CbostHet |nvcst|g+t|ng + cybc| |s|on+gc nctwo|| |+| .00 !
||son|vc| cm |tt;;www|n|ow+|-mon|to|nct;g|ostnct. ^ccsso cm 0c +b| .00
|| |c|nc|s-|cc convoc+ +|t|c|+ntcs o+ Campus arty 8rasll +|+ const|u|| o |utu|o o+ |ntc|nct
C+mus |+|ty ||+s|| .00 (+ccsso wcb cm 0.;0;.00 |tt;;wwwc+mus-+|tycomb|;|nocx
|;|c|c+sc-|tm|)
\O|Oz|| ^ | ^ +mc++ |nv|s|vc| oo tc||o| c|b|nct|co ornal do 8rasll-|nternaclonal, +no ! 14
+go .00
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., |;-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
Crise e nanciamento inovao
Ronald Martin Dauscha

+ |on+|o |+|t|n |+usc|+ c cngcn|c||o c|ct||c|st+ (||) tcm cscc|+||z+io cm +om|n|st|+io |noust||+| (||||) c ||^ cm -
n+n+s cm|cs+||+|s (|CV) ^tuou no g|uo |cmcns |o| o||cto| c oco|s |cs|ocntc o+ ^ssoc|+io |+c|on+| oc |csu|s+ |c-
scnvo|v|mcnto c |ngcn|+||+ o+s |m|cs+s |nov+oo|+s (^nc|) c +|t|c|ou oc consc||os c o||cto||+s oc v+||os out|os o|gios c
cnt|o+ocs (||nc Contcc-||cs |nst|tuto ||oo|+oo |nst|tuto Cc|t| CC|| ^b|ncc cnt|c out|os) ^tu+|mcntc c C|O oo Ccnt|o
oc |nov+io |ouc+io ccno|og|+ c |m|ccnocoo||smo oo |+|+n+ (C|ctc) n+ |coc|+io o+s |noust||+s oo |st+oo oo |+|+n+
|m+|| |on+|oo+usc|+,c|o|gb|
kesumo
|stc +|t|go c b+sc+oo n+ +|cscnt+io |c+||z+o+ c|o
+uto| cm wo||s|o o|g+n|z+oo cm ||+s|||+ c|o
CC|| cm +. oc |cvc|c||o oc .oo, sob|c C||sc c ||-
n+nc|+mcnto |nov+io O ob,ct|vo c|+ o|scut|| os
|m+ctos n+s cm|cs+s |c|c|cntc +o tcm+ o+ |nov+-
io o+ c||sc no ||+s|| um+ vcz uc v+||os scto|cs ,+
scnt|+m |o|tcmcntc |ct|+io n+ |ccc|t+ c um+ csc+s-
scz gcnc|+||z+o+ n+ o|c|t+ oc c|co|to O t|+b+||o t|+z
um+ concc|tu+io |+|o+ oc |nov+io most|+ +s cv|-
ocnc|+s n+c|on+|s c |ntc|n+c|on+|s oos c|c|tos o+ c||sc
c como oocm sc| scus ocsoob|+mcntos n+s +t|v|-
o+ocs oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto n+s cm|cs+s
|+nsc|cvc-sc +|guns ontos |mo|t+ntcs oc um |n-
tc|css+ntc +|t|go o+ |c||nzcy oc oczcmb|o oc .oo,
sob|c ||ocs uc +|cnocmos o+ C||sc oos +nos ,o
c n+ scucnc|+ +|cscnt+-sc um+ sc||c oc |oost+s
oc |+|oo |m+cto |m|cmcnt+vc|s ou|+ntc + c||sc
alavras-cbave. |m|cs+s |nov+io C||sc |csu|s+ c
ocscnvo|v|mcnto
Abstract
's a:.'e s oasea co a eseo:a:co c/ :ne aa:nc
acoe a: a .csnc caoea o, CG|| o 8as'a
co .:n |eoaa, .oo, co Cses aoa |ooc.a:co
|oao.o 'e oao ca' .as :c as.ass :ne
oa.:s c/ :ne .ses co .coaoes .co.eoo
ooc.a:co co.e oao, oaas:a' seoeo:s .ee
as: saeo /co e.eoae eaa.:co aoa eoea'
.ea: ce snc:ae 's .c oeos .:n a
snc: aeo:co .na: s ooc.a:co /c oaas:es
snc.s scoe o:eoa:coa' aoa oa:coa' e.aeo.es
c/ :ne oa.:s c/ :ne .ses e nc. : .ao ae.:
:ne esea.n aoa ae.e'coeo: a.:.:es a: :ne
.coaoes /ao ssaes c/ ao o:ees:o a:.'e c/
/.|ose, co |ooc.a:co 'esscos /co :ne ,,os
ae co:ea ca: o :ne a:.'e aoa a/:e.aas a
sees c/ oe. c .naoea ooc.a:co oao.o
oe.naosos ae ccsea
keywords. Ccoaoes |ooc.a:co Cses
|esea.n aoa ae.e'coeo:
|on+|o |+usc|+
s
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., |;-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
1. Introduo
|stc +|t|go |cctc + +|cscnt+io |c+||z+o+ c|o +uto| cm .csnc o|g+n|z+oo cm ||+s|||+ c|o
CC|| cm +. oc |cvc|c||o oc .oo, sob|c C||sc c ||n+nc|+mcnto |nov+io |cst+ coc+ +|no+ sc
o|scut|+ + +b|+ngcnc|+ c ou|+io |cv|st+ o+ c||sc no ||+s|| v+||os scto|cs ,+ scnt|+m |o|tcmcntc
o |m+cto n+ |ct|+io oc |ccc|t+ c csc+sscz n+ o|c|t+ oc c|co|to ^ +|cst|+ c +go|+ o +|t|go |o|
cst|utu|+oo cm t|cs +|tcs +) concc|tu+io oc |nov+io |no|c|os c|+|os |ntc|n+c|on+|s c no +|s
oo ocsoob|+mcnto o+ c||sc c como c o |m+cto ocst+ n+s +t|v|o+ocs oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto n+s cm|cs+s .) comcnt+||os c ||nc|+|s ontos oo +|t|go o+ |c||nzcy oc oczcmb|o
oc .oo, sob|c ||ocs cm |nov+io oos +nos ,o c ,) +|cscnt+ocs oc |oost+s oc |+|oo |m-
+cto |m|cmcnt+vc|s ou|+ntc + c||sc (cst+s |o|+m |conoc|+ntcmcntc |cv+nt+o+s ,unto ^s-
soc|+io |+c|on+| oc |csu|s+ |cscnvo|v|mcnto c |ngcn|+||+ oc |m|cs+s |nov+oo|+s-^nc| c
oc out|+s |ontcs cnvo|v|o+s com +t|v|o+ocs oc |nov+io ocnt|o oo scto| |oout|vo)
2. Conceituao de inovao e P&D (pesquisa e
desenvolvimento)
^ntcs oc ocscnvo|vc|mos o|+gnost|cos sob|c um+ oss|vc| |couio o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc |nov+io c
oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto (||) no +|s cons|oc|+mos |mo|t+ntc |cvc| c cu+||z+| +|guns
concc|tos cm |nov+io com b+sc no |+nu+| oc Os|o O tcxto +b+|xo |o| +|c|+|mcntc t|+nsc||to
o+ t|+ouio o+ u|t|m+ vc|sio oo |+nu+| oc Os|o c|+ ||nc
^ cono|io +|+ uc um+ cm|cs+ sc,+ cons|oc|+o+ |nov+oo|+ c uc +|cscntc cont|nu+mcn-
tc +t|v|o+ocs oc |nov+io cm um+ o+s v+||+s |o|m+s oc |nov+io cx|stcntcs |nov+io c + |m-
|cmcnt+io oc um |oouto (bcm ou sc|v|o) novo ou s|gn|c+t|v+mcntc mc||o|+oo ou um
|occsso c |cc|s+ tc| s|oo c|ct|v+mcntc |nt|oouz|o+ no mc|c+oo (|oouto ou sc|v|o) ou n+
cm|cs+ (|occsso oae:o ou o|g+n|z+io) O |cu|s|to m|n|mo c uc sc,+m novos ou s|gn|-
c+t|v+mcntc mc||o|+oos +|+ + |c+||o+oc +tu+| o+ cm|cs+ (nio |cc|s+ sc| ncccss+||+mcntc
|nco|to +|+ o mc|c+oo)
|m+ cm|cs+ |nov+oo|+ oc |oouto ou oc |occsso c ocn|o+ como um+ cm|cs+ uc |m|c-
mcnt+ |nov+ocs oc |oouto ou oc |occsso (|nov+ocs tccno|og|c+s)
^ csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto com|ccnoc o t|+b+||o c||+t|vo |c+||z+oo oc |o|m+ s|stcm+t|c+ com o
ob,ct|vo oc +umcnt+| o cstouc oc con|cc|mcntos |nc|u|noo os con|cc|mcntos oo |omcm o+ cu|-
tu|+ c o+ soc|co+oc c o uso ocssc cstouc oc con|cc|mcntos +|+ +ntcvc| nov+s +||c+ocs (como
C||sc c n+nc|+mcnto |nov+io
,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., |;-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
ocnc o |+nu+| ||+sc+t| uc c + |c|c|cnc|+ uc +ntcccocu +o |+nu+| oc Os|o c uc sc oco|c+v+ m+|s
|nov+io tccno|og|c+) oo+s +s +t|v|o+ocs oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto n+nc|+o+s ou ocscnvo|-
v|o+s c|+s cm|cs+s sio cons|oc|+o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc |nov+io ||+s |nc|ucm + csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto |nt|+mu|os (ou sc,+ ocnt|o o+ o|g+n|z+io) c cxt|+mu|os (cm cooc|+io ou |c|+c|on+mcntos
com out|+s cm|cs+s ou +|cc||os cxtc|nos) con|o|mc t+mbcm ocnc o |+nu+| ||+sc+t|
O ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc sc/:.aes c c|+ss|c+oo como csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto c cnvo|vc +
|c+||z+io oc +v+nos c|cnt|cos c tccno|og|cos c;ou + |cso|uio oc |ncc|tcz+s c|cnt|c+s c tcc-
no|og|c+s cm um+ b+sc s|stcm+t|c+ O ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc sc|v|os c c|+ss|c+oo como csu|-
s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto c+so |csu|tc cm um novo con|cc|mcnto ou c+so cnvo|v+ o uso oc novos
con|cc|mcntos +|+ +ntcvc| nov+s +||c+ocs
C|+ss|c+m-sc como csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto + const|uio c o tcstc oc um |otot|o sc scu
ob,ct|vo ||nc|+| c + |c+||z+io oc novos mc||o|+mcntos |ss+ c gc|+|mcntc + |+sc m+|s |mo|-
t+ntc oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto cxc||mcnt+| oc um+ |nov+io |m |otot|o c um mooc|o o||g|n+|
(ou um+ s|tu+io oc tcstc) uc |nc|u| too+s +s c+|+ctc||st|c+s tccn|c+s c +s |unocs oo novo |o-
outo ou |occsso ^ +cc|t+io oc um |otot|o s|gn|c+ ||cucntcmcntc o tc|m|no o+ |+sc oc
ocscnvo|v|mcnto cxc||mcnt+| c o |n|c|o oc um+ nov+ |+sc oo |occsso oc |nov+io
^ csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto |nt|+mu|os tcm o| ob,ct|vo cont||bu|| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto
c +|+ + |m|cmcnt+io oc |nov+ocs oc |oouto oc |occsso oc m+||ct|ng ou o|g+n|z+c|on+|s
+ss|m como + csu|s+ b+s|c+ uc nio cst+ o||ct+mcntc |c|+c|on+o+ com o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc
um+ |nov+io cscc|c+ ^ csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto |nt|+mu|os t+mbcm |nc|u| + +u|s|io
oc bcns oc c+|t+| o||ct+mcntc |c|+c|on+oos com + csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto
^ csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto cxt|+mu|os com|ccnoc + +u|s|io oc sc|v|os oc csu|s+ c
ocscnvo|v|mcnto |nc|u|noo-sc + +u|s|io oc sc|v|os oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto o||unoos
oc |o|ncccoo|cs |oc+||z+oos no cxtc||o|
3. Causa e efeito da crise
|m |cccntc +|t|go oo ,o|n+| |st+oo oc | oc , oc |cvc|c||o oc .oo, o|sco||cu sob|c o |m+cto o+
c||sc no scto|cs oc tccno|og|+ |+nsc|cvcmos +b+|xo +|gum+s o+s |n|o|m+ocs ocsc||t+s n+ not+
+.| m|| t|+b+||+oo|cs |o|+m ocm|t|oos cm mu|t|n+c|on+|s no scto| oc tccno|og|+ c |n|o|-
m+t|c+ no mcs oc ,+nc||o
V+||+s cm|cs+s como ||c|oso|t |ntc| ||C c Coog|c |o|+m +|ct+o+s
|on+|o |+usc|+
,o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., |;-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
|csoc o |n|c|o o+ c||sc .o, m|| ostos oc t|+b+||o cm cm|cs+s oc +|t+ tccno|og|+ |o|+m c|o|oos
|o |+io c|+m |cv|sto |c,u|zos oc |, +, b|||ocs o+s cm|cs+s oc tccno|og|+ cm .oo,
^ |+mos+ |c||+ C| (Consumc| ||cct|on|cs |ow) .oo, cm |+s Vcg+s most|ou mu|to mc-
nos |+n+mcntos |cv|stos uc nos +nos +ntc||o|cs
^o|c|on+|mcntc cm|cs+s ||g+o+s ^nc| ,+ scnt|+m c|+|+mcntc + |cssio o| |couio oc cus-
tos n+s +|c+s oc cngcn|+||+ c || c +|gum+s cm|cs+s +|+n+cnscs oc tccno|og|+ so|||+m o
c|c|to o+ c||sc tcnoo um+ cno|mc |cssio o| |co|g+n|z+| c |oc+| csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcn-
to (|ouvc um+ cm|cs+ uc +tc comcntou uc cm|cs+s |ntc|n+c|on+||z+o+s cncont|+m m+|s
comct|t|v|o+oc cm csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto no cxtc||o| +tc c|+ o|c|t+ momcntnc+ oc |c-
cu|sos |um+nos bcm u+||c+oos) |css+ coc+ |+v|+ c|+|+mcntc no ||+s|| um+ c||sc oc c|co|to
c oc tcmo| (+ ocscon+n+ ,+ |+v|+ +ss+oo +|+ um+ scns+io oc tcmo| c uc ooc||+ n+ sc-
ucnc|+ +ss+| +|+ um+ |+sc oc +vo|) +|ct+noo o||ct+mcntc cm mu|tos scto|cs o |+tu|+mcn-
to o+s cm|cs+s o consum|oo| com |ccc|o oc nio ooc| +|c+| com com|om|ssos +ssum|oos
(o| cxcm|o n+nc|+mcntos) |c|c||+ nio +ou|||| tcmo|+||+mcntc os |ooutos ocsc,+oos
^o|c|on+|mcntc c concom|t+ntcmcntc como c|c|to cont+g|oso oc too+ + c||sc cm n|vc| |ntc|n+-
c|on+| |ouvc um cnxug+mcnto gcnc|+||z+oo o+ o|c|t+ oc c|co|to no mc|c+oo
|+|+ uc sc oss+ cntcnoc| c +tc |csc|t+| occ|socs o+s cm|cs+s cm tcmos oc tu|bu|cn-
c|+ c c||sc mu|t+s vczcs cons|oc|+o+s +nt|+t|c+s |cc||t+o+s c +tc |nco||ct+s cm um |+|oo |c-
,u|g+mcnto c |mo|t+ntc |cv|s|t+| +|guns concc|tos b+s|cos o+ cst|utu|+ oc |ccc|t+s c ocscs+s n+s
o|g+n|z+ocs ||v+o+s c +s mct+s oc |cnt+b|||o+oc c|+s u+|s sio cob|+o+s cnt+|cmos com b+sc
n+ cst|utu|+ s|m||c+o+ c o|o+t|c+ oc ocmonst|+t|vos oc |csu|t+oos us+oos cm cm|cs+s scgu||
+s o|vc|s+s ||n|+s oc ocscs+s c +n+||s+noo um ccn+||o oc s+|o+ c um oc c||sc (com os ocv|oos |m-
+ctos cm |+tu|+mcnto ncm cst+|cmos +u| +v+||+noo + |nucnc|+ o+ |+|t+ oc c|co|to) most|+| os
|c+|s ||scos uc co||cmos n+ ocsmob|||z+io oc cu|cs oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto
Vc,+mos o mooc|o oc ocmonst|+t|vo oc |csu|t+oos (|ccc|t+s c ocscs+s) +b+|xo
|aturamento llquldo
(receltas das empresas
descontados os lmpostos)
=.
C|V (Custo o+ |c|c+oo||+
Vcno|o+)
Margem de vendas =.
oC|V (out|os Custos o+
|c|c+oo||+ Vcno|o+)
=. |og|st|c+ os-vcno+ ctc
Lucro bruto =.
|| (|csu|s+ c |cscnvo|v|mcnto)
Vcno+s
Custos +om|n|st|+t|vos c gc|+|s
Out|os
Lucro llquldo =. |cmunc|+ os +c|on|st+s
C||sc c n+nc|+mcnto |nov+io
,+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., |;-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
|st+ cst|utu|+ nos |+z +com+n|+| oc c|m+ +|+ b+|xo um+ |og|c+ oc cnt|+o+s (|ccc|t+s) c s+|o+s
(ocscs+s) oc um+ cm|cs+ Comc+noo com o |+tu|+mcnto uc |c|cscnt+ oc |o|m+ s|m||-
c+o+ + cxcct+t|v+ oc |cccb|mcntos (scm co||c| o ||sco +u| oc con|uno|| concc|tos cont+bc|s c
n+ncc||os) |ovcn|cntcs oc su+s vcno+s + c||cntcs (,+ ocscont+oos +u| tooos os |mostos |c|+-
c|on+oos vcno+ ||| |C| ctc) ocstc v+|o| |+nc,+oo (o|s ncst+ +n+||sc cst+mos cons|oc|+noo
um+ |cv|sio oc um+ cm|cs+ +|+ o ccn+||o ocstc +no) sc ocouz os custos o+ mc|c+oo||+ vcno|o+
(C|V) +|+ sc c|cg+| |+|gcm oc Vcno+s com + u+| sc |ctcnoc cob||| out|os custos |c|+c|on+-
oos s mc|c+oo||+s vcno|o+s (oC|V) como custos oc t|+nso|tc scgu|o os-vcno+ cnt|c out|os
O mont+ntc ncstc onto |c|cscnt+ o |uc|o ||uto com o u+| |ctcnoc-sc cob||| tooos ou-
t|os custos nio v+||+vc|s (s vczcs cx|stc um+ co||c|+io com o |+tu|+mcnto m+s bcm mcno|)
u+|s sc,+m ocscs+s com cu|cs c cst|utu|+ oc vcno+s custos +om|n|st|+t|vos n+ncc||os c
gc|+|s g+stos com cngcn|+||+ csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto cnt|c out|os
Com o |csu|t+oo oo |uc|o ||u|oo s+|oo oc too+ cst+ oc|+io |+nc,+-sc |cmunc|+| os +c|o-
n|st+s uc +ost+m ncstc cm|ccno|mcnto
|o c+so oc um+ c||sc n+ncc||+ c oc ocscon+n+ (uc ooc cvo|u|| +|+ um cst+g|o |o|)
como cst+ c|+ u+| cst+mos +ss+noo +contcccm oo|s |occssos +|t+mcntc |+t+|s +|+ +s cm-
|cs+s |couio oo n|vc| +tu+| c |+nc,+oo oc |+tu|+mcnto c csc+sscz oc c|co|to +|+ c+|t+| oc
g||o (ncccss+||o +|+ |on|+| + cu|to |+zo tooos os com|om|ssos com |o|ncccoo|cs |unc|on+-
||os c |cst+oo|cs oc sc|v|o cnt|c out|os)
|cct|noo o mooc|o s|m||c+oo oo ocmonst|+t|vo oc |csu|t+oos +c|m+ +|+ cst+ |+sc oc tu|-
bu|cnc|+ tc|cmos
|aturamento llquldo (cal) =.
C|V (+com+n|+ ou c+|
|oo|c|on+|mcntc um ouco
mcnos)
Margem de vendas (cal) =.
Out|os C|V - |og|st|c+ os-
vcno+ ctc (c+| ouco mcnos uc o
|+tu|+mcnto)
Lucro bruto
(cal substanclalmente)
=.
||
Vcno+s
Custos +om|n|st|+t|vos c gc|+|s
Out|os
=
=
=
=
|cssio +|+ |couio
|cssio mooc|+o+ o| |couio
|cssio o| |couio
|cssio o| |couio
Lucro llquldo =. |cmunc|+ os +c|on|st+s = |cmunc|+ os +c|on|st+s
O uc um cm|cs+||o +n+||s+ cm um momcnto ocstc c + s|tu+io +tu+| scnt|o+ oc uco+ o|+s-
t|c+ oc |ccc|t+s (cm mu|tos scto|cs) c um+ uco+ oc +o/ +|+ mu|t+s cm|cs+s ,+ ooc sc|
ocn|o+ como |couio oc |m+cto subst+nc|+| c um+ |ncc|tcz+ tot+| oc ou|+io o+ c||sc c
|on+|o |+usc|+
,:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., |;-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
+ c|ccio gcnc|+||z+o+ |ossc uc o c||ooo oc b+|x+ sc||+ +cn+s oc um t||mcst|c ou +tc
um scmcst|c no cxt|cmo mu|to |ov+vc|mcntc +s cm|cs+s nio tom+||+m +t|tuocs tio
contunocntcs
u+noo o |+tu|+mcnto c+| os custos o+ mc|c+oo||+ vcno|o+ (C|V) cm tcsc c+cm |oo|-
c|on+|mcntc m+s ncm scm|c |sto c o c+so (oocm cx|st|| |o|ncccoo|cs uc nio conscgucm
|couz|| m+|s os |cos o| |+|t+ o+ m+nutcnio o+ csc+|+ oc |oouio |tcns no cstouc +cu-
mu|+oos uc cstio com |cos +nt|gos mcsmo uc |+,+ uco+ oos |cos +tu+|s ctc) |sso
ooc nio sc| o c+so +|+ +oo/ oos scgmcntos ou c+oc|+s |oout|v+s occnocnoo oo |no|cc
oc conco||cnc|+ no scto| oo o|tc oos |o|ncccoo|cs c out|os |+to|cs m+s v+|c +|+ mu|t+s
cm|cs+s no momcnto
Com |sto + |+|gcm oc Vcno+s uc ocvc cob||| os custos v+||+vc|s c+| cmbo|+ mu|tos oos ou-
t|os custos o+ mc|c+oo||+ vcno|o+ (oC|V) c+|+m nio o |+zcm oc |o|m+ |oo|c|on+| um+ vcz
uc c scm|c ncccss+||+ um+ cst|utu|+ m|n|m+ +|+ tooos os |tcns const+ntcs ocstc b|oco (o|
cxcm|o + cu|c +om|n|st|+t|v+ uc coo|ocn+ o tcm+ oc |og|st|c+)
cgu|noo ncst+ ||n|+ o |uc|o ||uto cm gc|+| c+| subst+nc|+|mcntc c||+noo g|+noc o|cu|o+-
oc cm cob||| +s ocscs+s x+s oc vcno+s +om|n|st|+t|v+s oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto
cnt|c out|os ^n+||s+noo +|guns oos sub|tcns oc ocscs+s ocstc b|oco oocmos |+zc| +|gum+s
cons|oc|+ocs sob|c o |m+cto uc so||cm com + c||sc uc v+|cm +|+ um g|+noc numc|o
oc cm|cs+s
Vcno+s + |cssio o| |couio c mooc|+o+ um+ vcz uc + uco+ no |+tu|+mcnto |c-
uc| +ocs comcns+to||+s +t|+vcs oc +ocs oc vcno+s |oc+o+s uc |cuc|cm cu|cs
cst|utu|+o+s c c++c|t+o+s sc||+ ouco cst|+tcg|co |couz|| cu|cs c ocm+s|+o+mcntc
os |nvcst|mcntos cm um+ +t|v|o+oc uc |cc|s+ cx+t+mcntc ncstc momcnto +tu+| |o|-
tcmcntc nos c||cntcs c mc|c+oo |nvcst|mcntos cm comun|c+io c m+||ct|ng t+mbcm
|cc|s+m sc| m+nt|o+s (ou +tc |c|o|+o+s) +|+ ncut|+||z+| + o|m|nu|io o+s |ccc|t+s o+
cm|cs+ g+|+nt|noo + |cscn+ n+ mcntc oo consum|oo| c m+ntc| ou +tc +umcnt+| +
+|t|c|+io oc mc|c+oo cm um mc|c+oo oc v+|o| tot+| mcno| Contuoo um |tcm uc
no|m+|mcntc so||c cm |+scs oc tu|bu|cnc|+ c uc gc|+|mcntc c oc |csons+b|||o+oc o+
+|c+ oc Comun|c+io c + +|t|c|+io cm +ssoc|+ocs cont||bu|ocs c +t|oc|n|os uc
+ss+m + tc| mu|tos c+ncc|+mcntos c |cst||ocs
^om|n|st|+t|v+s c gc|+|s css+s +t|v|o+ocs so||cm g|+noc |cssio o| |couio oc custos
oc |o|m+ gcnc|+||z+o+ |co|g+n|z+ocs |ntc|n+s |couio oc u+o|o oc csso+| tc|cc|||z+-
ocs |cv|sio oc |occssos |m|+nt+io oc novos s|stcm+s cnt|c out|os sio t||c+s mco|-
o+s +|+ sc comcns+| + cobc|tu|+ oo custos c obtc| |+zo+vc|s g+n|os oc |oout|v|o+oc
C||sc c n+nc|+mcnto |nov+io
,,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., |;-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
|csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto cst+s +t|v|o+ocs uc sio o moto| o+ |nov+io n+ cm|cs+s
m+|s comct|t|v+s c uc ossucm oc+|t+mcntos c |+bo|+to||os oc cngcn|+||+ csu|s+
c ocscnvo|v|mcnto so||cm cno|mcmcntc cm coc+s oc c||sc |mbo|+ + tcsc o+ ostu|+
cont|+c|c||c+ (ou sc,+ uc sc ocvc m+ntc| c +tc +umcnt+| os |nvcst|mcntos cm |nov+io
cx+t+mcntc cm tcmos oc c||sc (v|oc +|t|go o+ |c||nscy m+|s + ||cntc) sc,+ +cc|t+ c |c-
comcno+o+ +m|+mcntc + cont||bu|io cx|g|o+ ocst+s +|c+s sc o+ +t|+vcs oc so||c|t+io
oc |cv|sio c ||o||z+io oc |o,ctos suscnsio ou c+ncc|+mcnto oc |o,ctos oc b+sc cs-
t|+tcg|c+ oc |ong+ m+tu|+io |couio c tc|cc|||z+io oc cu|cs cnt|c out|os
Out|os tooos c u+|suc| out|os custos nio cons|oc|+oos +c|m+ sio +v+||+oos oc |o|m+
+b|+ngcntc |ocu|+ oc otcnc|+|s oc s|nc|g|+ c |couio
^ |cssio +|+ uc sc,+ m+nt|o+ + |cnt+b|||o+oc oos +c|on|st+s c mu|to g|+noc cv|t+noo uc o
v+|o| o+s +ocs n+ bo|s+ c+|+
|u|t+s vczcs um+ cu|c ccnt|+| c c||+o+ +|+ mon|to|+| oc c|to + cvo|uio o+ |m|+nt+io
o+s +ocs |+nc,+o+s ^ occ|sio oc |couio oc csso+| u+noo o+ |ncc|tcz+ o+ ou|+io oc um+
c||sc c |c+||z+o+ o u+nto +ntcs ocnt|o oc um +no comc|c|+| oc um+ cm|cs+ +|+ uc os cus-
tos un|cos oc |nocn|z+io sc,+m +|no+ comcns+oos c|os g+n|os oc |couio oc cst|utu|+ no
|o||o c||ooo +|ct+noo o mcnos oss|vc| o |uc|o ||u|oo ^ tcsc c o concc|to +t|+s ocsscs mo-
v|mcntos |cs|oc cm uc c |cc|so m+ntc| + cm|cs+ s+uo+vc| n+ncc||+mcntc (ou sc,+ com os
custos cobc|tos c|+s |ccc|t+s nio c ncccss+||o || +o mc|c+oo n+ncc||o cg+| cm|cst|mos +
,u|os +|tos) m+ntcnoo + v|+b|||o+oc o+ o|g+n|z+io |ccst|utu|+o+ como um tooo
Out|os mov|mcntos como |cv|sio m+|s o|+st|c+ o+ o|g+n|z+io |cocscn|o oc |occssos |usocs
com out|+s o|g+n|z+ocs ou +u|s|ocs oc out|os cm|cs+s bcm como mob|||z+io scto||+|
con,unt+ cnt|c cm|cs+s oocm sc| tom+o+
u+nto +o tcm+ oc csc+sscz oc c+|t+| oc g||o +ocs como obtcnio oc c|co|to oc out|+s |on-
tcs +|ong+mcnto o+ o|v|o+ ou vcno+ oc +t|vos sio +|gum+s s+|o+s oss|vc|s
|stc |cmbu|o c ncccss+||o +|+ ocmonst|+| + ||+g|||o+oc c o g|+noc ||sco oc |couio o+s cs-
t|utu|+s oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto |noccnocntc o+ m+tu||o+oc cm |nov+io o+s cm|c-
s+s c mcsmo u+noo cst+s +|c+s sio |ccon|cc|o+s como cc+zcs gc|+oo|cs oc v+|o| +g|cg+oo
+|+ + cm|cs+ ou como +|+v+nc+oo|+s oc |cnt+b|||o+oc c;ou |oout|v|o+oc (|oouto sc|v|o
|occsso c |oouio) |sscs oc+|t+mcntos +ss+|io o| um |cv|sio ||o||z+io c no |o| c+so
o| um cnxug+mcnto ^ ocsmob|||z+io oc um+ cu|c m+ou|+ c |c+|+o+ +o |ongo oc +nos
c oc mu|to o|||c|| |ccuc|+io m+|s +|+ + ||cntc (os c||sc o| cxcm|o) ocvcnoo-sc cv|t+| +o
m+x|mo uc |sto +contc+ |ccont|+t+| |oss|on+|s +om|n|st|+t|vos c +mb|cnt+-|os n+s cm|c-
|on+|o |+usc|+
,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., |;-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
s+s c mu|to m+|s |+c|| oo uc sc|cc|on+| t|c|n+| c++c|t+| c oc|x+| csu|s+oo|cs +tos con|o|t+-
vc|s c |ntcg|+oos com os |o,ctos c so|uocs + sc|cm ocscnvo|v|oos c|+s +s cm|cs+s
|m+ |o|m+ oc ncut|+||z+| cst+ tcnocnc|+ sc||+ como v+mos co|oc+| n+ +|tc oc |oost+s m+|s
+o|+ntc +g|| oc |o|m+ + to|n+| +t|+cntc + cont|nu+io oc |o,ctos oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcn-
to (o| cxcm|o +t|+vcs o+ o|c|t+ m+|s +b|+ngcntc oc |ccu|sos oc |omcntos |nov+io) ou com-
cns+| os custos oc |ccu|sos |um+nos oc |o|m+ |no||ct+ com o |ntu|to oc m+ntc| +s cu|cs
uc c o +t|vo m+|s v+||oso o+ cm|cs+ c oc |ccuc|+io c+|+ c |cnt+ cm c+so oc ocsmob|||z+io
4. Lies em inovao que aprendemos dos anos 1930
^u| t|+nsc|cvc|cmos +|guns oos m+|s |mo|t+ntcs ontos |ct||+oos oo +|t|go |nnov+t|on |cs-
sons ||om t|c +,,o ub||c+oo no u+|tc||y |co|t |c||nscy oc oczcmb|o oc .oos (uc ooc
sc| b+|x+oo g|+tu|t+mcntc)
^ |cccntc tu|bu|cnc|+ no mc|c+oo n+ncc||o g|ob+| c su+ o|sscm|n+io n+ cconom|+ |o|-
m+| tcm |cv+oo + um g|+noc |ntc|cssc n+ C|+noc |c|cssio O uc c |+sc|n+ntc c uc
cx|stcm g|+nocs scmc||+n+s cnt|c +s ou+s c||scs (|+|cnc|+ oc b+ncos co|+so oo s|stcm+
|mob|||+||o |ncc|tcz+ |ntc|n+c|on+| o| cxcm|o) c +|guns cont|+stcs (como o| cxcm|o
+ vc|oc|o+oc oc |c+io oos b+ncos ccnt|+|s c oos m|n|st|os o+ |+zcno+)
^tc |o|uno+s c||scs como + uc cst+mos +ss+noo +tu+|mcntc c cxcm||c+oo c|+
occ+o+ oc +,,o oocm gc|+| cno|mcs oo|tun|o+ocs +|+ +s cm|cs+s
| o|||c|| convcncc| os cm|cs+||os como ocsc||to c|+ +n+||sc ocmonst|+o+ no mooc|o
o+ scssio +ntc||o| + m+ntc| |nvcst|mcntos cont|+c|c||cos
|c+|mcntc c m+|s s+b|o +g|| com c+utc|+ c ostc|g+| |o,ctos +tc + con+n+ no mc|c+oo
|cto|n+|
^ t+x+ oc c|csc|mcnto oc |cg|st|o oc +tcntcs ou|+ntc os +nos ,o |o| cons|oc|+vc|mcn-
tc mcno| uc n+ occ+o+ +ntc||o| como um tooo os cxccut|vos |c|c|||+m +gu+|o+| c
+com+n|+| o mc|c+oo +ntcs oc |+zc| |nvcst|mcntos cm csu|s+
O |cg|st|o oc +tcntcs ou|+ntc + |c|cssio |o| bcm m+|s s|nc|on|z+o+ com os c|c|os oc
ncgoc|os oo uc occ+o+ oc +,.o cx|stcm cstuoos uc most|+m um+ co||c|+io o||ct+
oc|+s+o+ oc um +no cnt|c +s +tcntcs |cg|st|+o+s c +s utu+ocs o+ cconom|+
C||sc c n+nc|+mcnto |nov+io
,,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., |;-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
^|gum+s cm|cs+s contuoo |nvcst||+m |o|tcmcntc cm ||
^ |uont +|ovc|t+noo-sc oo |couz|oo custo oc csu|s+oo|cs c oc m+tc||+ ||m+
com |cos b+|xos conscgu|u +om|n|st|+| su+s +t|v|o+ocs oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto |+n+noo o |co|cnc (+,,+-+,,;) conu|st+noo o mc|c+oo +utomob|||st|co c
+c|on+ut|co |ntc||o ostc||o|mcntc |+nou o |y|on (+,,|-+,,s)
|+mosos st+|t-us oos +nos ,o |o|+m |cw|ctt-|+c|+|o c |o|+|o|o
^ |C^ (|+o|o Co|o|+t|on o| ^mc||c+) |ccuc|ou su+ |cnt+b|||o+oc cm +,,| u+noo
m|g|ou scus cs|o|os oc |nov+io o+ tccno|og|+ oc |+o|o +|+ o cmc|gcntc mc|c+oo
oc tc|cv|sio
|m mco|+ +s cm|cs+s oos ||^ |uno+|+m ;, |+bo|+to||os oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto |o||os oc +,., + +,,e
|mbo|+ css+s |ccc|t+s nio sc,+m v+||o+s +|+ too+s +s cm|cs+s mu|t+s cm|cs+s ocvcm con-
t|nu+| |nov+noo mcsmo cm g|+vcs c||scs cscc|+|mcntc com tccno|og|+s uc ocmo|+m cc|to
tcmo +|+ + comc|c|+||z+io +os + ocscobc|t+
5. Propostas de aes de rpido impacto
Os s|n+|s c|+|os no ||+s|| uc + c||sc ,+ |m+ct+ +s +t|v|o+ocs |nov+t|v+s oc cm|cs+s conv|o+m-
nos + cns+| cm mco|o+s u|gcntcs +|+ tcnt+| comcns+| oss|vc|s ocsmob|||z+ocs oc cu|cs
cm|cs+s +ssoc|+o+s o+ ^nc| +|m+|+m |cccntcmcntc uc scntcm c|+|+mcntc + |cssio o|
|couio oc custos n+s +|c+s oc cngcn|+||+ csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto +|gum+s cm|cs+s oo
|+|+n+ oc +|to contcuoo tccno|og|co sio |m+ct+o+s |o|tcmcntc c|+ c||sc nos mcscs oc oc-
zcmb|o oc .oos + |cvc|c||o oc .oo, |o|+noo-+s + +oot+| +ocs cscc|c+s
^s sugcstocs +|cscnt+o+s +u| sio ||uto oc cont||bu|ocs o|vc|s+s uc tcnt+mos com||+| oc
|o|m+ cst|utu|+o+ (+|gum+s |o|+m +c|csccnt+o+s ostc||o|mcntc +|cst|+ |o|c||o+ cm +. oc
|cvc||o oc .oo,)
|m+ g|+noc |cocu+io c|+ uc nio sc co|t+ssc os o|+mcntos |coc|+|s +|+ |omcnto
|nov+io o|s c ncccss+||o uc ||o||zcmos os |nccnt|vos c nio uc cstcs sc,+m |couz|-
oos (not+ oo +uto| n+ coc+ |ouvc um co|tc |c+||z+oo c|o cong|csso no o|+mcnto oo
|C c o |ntu|to c|+ oc |c|o|+| + ncccss|o+oc oc |csg+t+-|o)
^|guns oco|mcntos oc cm|cs+s +ssoc|+o+s ^nc| sugc||+m uc ncst+ |+sc c||t|c+
os |omcntos |nov+io ocvc||+m m|g|+| m+|s o+s cucn+s c mco|+s cm|cs+s +|+ +s
|on+|o |+usc|+
,o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., |;-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
g|+nocs cm|cs+s n+c|on+|s c mu|t|n+c|on+|s o |oco ocvc||+ sc| mcnos oc u|vc||z+io
+|+ m+nutcnio oos |+bo|+to||os c ccnt|os oc || cx|stcntcs os |+bo|+to||os m+|s
m+ou|os (|occssos |ccu|sos |um+nos c cu|+mcntos) nio ocvcm sc| ocsmob|||z+oos
c +s g|+nocs cm|cs+s tcm um |+to| oc s|||-ovc| mu|to m+|o| ux+noo + cconom|+ no
scu +mb|cntc c cm su+ c+oc|+ (+|tc|+ocs oss|vc|s |couio o+ |oo|io oc cont|++|-
t|o+ n+ subvcnio cconom|c+ c s|m||c+io oos cont|o|cs uc |o|+m o +umcnto oo
u+o|o oc csso+| n+s cm|cs+s)
|+|+ |c|o|+| + os|io +c|m+ t|+nsc|cvcmos +b+|xo um oos oco|mcntos oc um+ g|+n-
oc cm|cs+ +ssoc|+o+ o+ ^nc|
u+noo cst+ tuoo |noo bcm n+ cconom|+ com |o|tcs t+x+s oc c|csc|mcnto como cs-
t+v+mos obsc|v+noo +tc u+t|o ou c|nco mcscs +t|+s +s g|+nocs cm|cs+s conscgucm
m+ntc| um+ +t|v|o+oc cons|stcntc oc |nov+io scm o concu|so oc |ontcs cxtc|n+s uc
obv|+mcntc +,uo+m m+s nio sio |uno+mcnt+|s ncss+s s|tu+ocs |csscs momcntos oc
mc|c+oo cm +ucc|mcnto o |+to oo |oco o+s o||t|c+s ub||c+s ||c+|cm |+t|c+mcntc
|cst||t+s s cucn+s c mco|+s cm|cs+s |+t|c+mcntc nio |c|cscnt+ m+|o|cs ||scos +|+
+ +t|v|o+oc oc csu|s+ ocscnvo|v|mcnto c |nov+io o+s g|+nocs cm|cs+s |o cnt+nto
cm momcntos oc c||scs como + uc cst+mos v|vcnoo no momcnto sc nio |ouvc| um+
c|+|+ o||t|c+ ub||c+ oc +o|o + |nov+io n+s g|+nocs cm|cs+s |sso ooc com|omctc|
|o|tcmcntc o s|stcm+ tooo ux+noo too+ + +t|v|o+oc oc |nov+io +|+ b+|xo cucn+s
g|+nocs c mco|+s cm|cs+s
|m+ |mo|t+ntc oio sc||+ |m|cmcnt+| c |oc+| cm |omcntos uc v|scm + mc||o||+ oc
ot|m|z+io c comct|t|v|o+oc oc |ooutos ou sc,+ cm |occssos oc gcstio oc |nov+io
uc |cvcm + so|uocs mc||o|+o+s ( cx |nov+io cm |occssos +n+||sc oc v+|o| c +n+-
||sc oc |unio oc |ooutos c sc|v|os ctc)
|+s + cont|nu|o+oc oc +o|o s cucn+s c mco|+s cm|cs+s c oc sum+ |mo|tnc|+
t+mbcm + |c| oo |cm um g|+noc +v+no no +|c+bouo oc +o|o |nov+io no +|s oc-
vc||+ sc| +|tc|+o+ oc t+| |o|m+ + +umcnt+| + +b|+ngcnc|+ bcncc|+noo nio so +s cm|cs+s
uc t|+b+||+m no |cg|mc oc |uc|o |c+|
|m+ o+s +nt|g+s |c|v|no|c+ocs o+s cm|cs+s cm |c|+io +os bcnc||c|os o+ |c| oo |cm
c uc cstcs ocvc||+m ooc| sc| us+oos nos +nos subscucntcs (um cxcm|o t||co sc||+
+ +tu+| |+sc u+noo .oos ooc sc| cons|oc|+oo um +no ot|mo c mu|to |ov+vc|mcntc
.oo, nio o sc|+)
C||sc c n+nc|+mcnto |nov+io
,)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., |;-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
^ subvcnio ocvc sc| cstcno|o+ + m+|s scto|cs nio c |o|+ oc |omcnt+| +cn+s scgmcn-
tos cst|+tcg|cos m+s oc |nccnt|v+| t+mbcm scto|cs t|+o|c|on+|s ou nio cst|+tcg|cos uc
,+ |c+||z+m +t|v|o+ocs oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto
|+|+ + |m|cmcnt+io oc novos |+bo|+to||os oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto ou +|+
+ |cnov+io c m+nutcnio oc ,+ cx|stcntcs ocvc||+ sc| oss|vc| + +u|s|io o||ct+ c|+s
cm|cs+s oc cu|+mcntos oc |+bo|+to||os com |scnio oc |couio oc |mostos como
cx|stc +|+ +s |Cs
|csonc|+|+io oc cnc+|gos t|+b+|||st+s oc |ccu|sos |um+nos +|oc+oos + +t|v|o+ocs oc
csu|s+ ocscnvo|v|mcnto c cngcn|+||+ +t|+vcs oc um+ comcns+io cu|v+|cntc + |o-
mcntos +|+ |nov+io (cm g|+nocs cm|cs+s obv|+mcntc o cont|o|c sc|+ m+|s s|m|cs)
v+||oo t+mbcm +|+ novos mcst|cs c oouto|cs uc v|c|cm + t|+b+||+| n+s cm|cs+s
|o momcnto +tu+| oo ||+s|| o govc|no ocvc||+ ||o||z+| o +o|o nio |ccmbo|s+vc| +|+
+s cm|cs+s com + ||nc|+| +|t|c|+io o+s cm|cs+s scnoo o| mc|o oc csso+s (c
nio o| cont|++|t|o+ n+ncc||+) O cnvo|v|mcnto oc csso+s o+s cm|cs+s nos |o,c-
tos m+ntcm o cm|cgo u+||c+oo ou +tc cst|mu|+ o +umcnto oc cu|cs c cm|cgo
u+||c+oo
| |mo|t+ntc oc|x+| +s cm|cs+s us+|cm o |omcnto o+ |o|m+ m+|s cc+z oss|vc| sc,+ con-
t|+t+noo un|vc|s|o+ocs ou out|+s cm|cs+s +g+noo os s+|+||os oc scus cm|cg+oos ctc
|m out|o onto co|oc+oo |o| uc o |omcnto nio |ccmbo|s+vc| ocvc||+ sc| ut|||z+oo +|+
m+tu|+| tccno|og|+s (ou sc,+ |cv+-|+s + um onto cm uc o ||sco tccno|og|co sc,+ +cc|t+-
vc|) c o |omcnto |ccmbo|s+vc| com ,u|os cu+||z+oos +|+ com|ct+| o ocscnvo|v|mcn-
to oc |oouto c +,uo+| n+ comc|c|+||z+io (ou sc,+ t|+b+||+| o ||sco oc mc|c+oo)
|cvc||+ |+vc| |omcntos + t|c|n+mcnto c c++c|t+io tccn|c+ +|+ csu|s+oo|cs c oc-
m+|s |oss|on+|s cnvo|v|oos com |nov+io ou|+ntc o c||ooo oc c||sc Com +t|v|o+ocs
cm |nov+io cm um n|vc| m+|s b+|xo cm mu|t+s cm|cs+s um |og|+m+ uc |nccnt|vc c
m+ntcn|+ os cm|cgos ocstcs |oss|on+|s c |m|csc|no|vc|
|cccss|o+oc oc o govc|no co|t+| oc um m++ cst|+tcg|co oc co|t+|s uc sc|io |+n+oos
ou|+ntc o +no +|+ uc +s cm|cs+s oss+m sc |+nc,+| c |c+|+| |cv|+mcntc
|nccnt|v+| o mov|mcnto cm|cs+||+| |o-|nov+io ( cx |omcnto +|+ cvcntos com
C|Os c +ocs com cm|cs+s)
|on+|o |+usc|+
,s
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., |;-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
6. Reexes nais
|o| |c|t+ um+ sugcstio +|+ uc out|os +to|cs |osscm ouv|oos +|+ |cv+nt+mcnto oc mco|o+s
+nt|c||sc c uc +s |oc|+s c sugcstocs +ss|m |cv+nt+o+s |osscm conso||o+o+s
Out|+ |oost+ |o| + c||+io oc um com|tc c|m+ncntc tcmo|+||o o|g+n|z+oo c|o CC||
c com +|t|c|+ntcs o+s o|vc|s+s +|tcs |ntc|css+o+s n+ m+nutcnio oo n|vc| o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc
|nov+io no ||+s|| (cm|cs+s |Cs ^nc| ctc)
|o| t+mbcm co|oc+oo uc + c||sc c cconom|c+ c ||n+ncc||+ |css+ m+nc||+ c mu|to |mo|t+ntc
uc o m+|o| numc|o oc cm|cs+s cstc,+m |cscntcs ou |c|cscnt+o+s n+ |o|+ o+ conccio
o+s |oc|+s ocscn|o o+s +ocs c |cv|sio o+ |m|cmcnt+io
|+|+ ||n+||z+| c cc|to uc + |coc|+io oo |st+oo oo |+|+n+ c + ^nc| co|oc+m-sc o|sos|io
+|+ cont||bu|| ncstc momcnto c||t|co m+s t+mbcm |c|cto oc oo|tun|o+ocs +|+ +o|+|
cst+ |ouv+vc| |n|c|+t|v+ c ocsoob|+| ostc||o|mcntc +s +ocs |m|cmcnt+o+s ,unto s cm|cs+s
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-;| ,u|-ocz .oo,
Inovao tecnolgica no Brasil: questes ticas da
ao social em uma economia semiperifrica
Renato de Oliveira

, Fabrcio Neves

, Leonardo Koppe

& Daniel Guerrini

+ ||o|csso| |outo| oo ||og|+m+ oc |os C|+ou+io cm oc|o|og|+ o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oo ||o C|+noc oo u| |-m+|| |cn+to
o||vc||+,u||gsb|
. |outo| c|o ||og|+m+ oc |os C|+ou+io cm oc|o|og|+ o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oo ||o C|+noc oo u| |-m+|| |+b||c|omnc-
vcs,gm+||com
, |outo|+noo c|o ||og|+m+ oc |os C|+ou+io cm oc|o|og|+ o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oo ||o C|+noc oo u| |-m+|| |con+|oo
|oc,ym+||com
| |cst|+noo c|o ||og|+m+ oc |os C|+ou+io cm oc|o|og|+ o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oo ||o C|+noc oo u| |-m+||o+n|c|_guc-
|||n|,|otm+||com
Resumo
|ov+s tccno|og|+s nio |oouzcm ncccss+||+mcntc
|m+cto n+s |c|+ocs soc|+|s c cconom|c+s |csoc o
su|g|mcnto oo mo|n|o o+gu+ |+ m+|s oc oo|s m|-
|cn|os +tc os |o,ctos oc |con+|oo |+ V|nc| + ||s-
to||+ c |cn+ oc |nvcnocs uc nio |oouzcm c|c|-
tos n+s |c|+ocs oc t|+b+||o ncm +|tc|+m os |+b|tos
oc consumo oc um+ soc|co+oc ^ss|m o |ug+| o+
tccno|og|+ cm um+ soc|co+oc +|ccc occnoc| oc
c|cmcntos uc cxt|+o|+m cm mu|to + s|m|cs +s-
soc|+io |o,c comum + onto oc sc con|uno|| com
+ |o||+ csscnc|+ oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co
cnt|c tccno|og|+ c |cso|uio oc ncccss|o+ocs
^ cxc||cnc|+ ||sto||c+ o+s soc|co+ocs uc |og|+|+m
ocscnc+oc+| + ||mc||+ ono+ oc |nov+ocs n+s o||-
gcns oo c+|t+||smo |noust||+| +|ccc ocmonst|+|
uc + |nco|o|+io o+ tccno|og|+ n+ v|o+ ccono-
Abstract
`e. :e.noc'ces aco: oe.essa', caa.e
oa.: co sc.a' aoa e.coco. e'a:cos :o.e
:ne aso c/ :ne .a:e o'' :.c :ncasaoa ,eas
ac :'' :ne ce.:s c/ |ecoaac |a \o. |s:c,
s 'eo:, c/ o.eo:cos :na: aco: eoeoae/.ea:e
ee.:s o .c e'a:cos oe:ne a':e :ne nao:s
c/ .cosao:co c/ a sc.e:, 'as :ne 'a.e c/
:e.noc'c, o a sc.e:, seeos :c aeeoa co e'eoeo:s
:na: c.e.coe/saass :ne assc.a:co oe:.eeo
:e.noc'c, aoa :ne esc'a:co c/ oe.ess:es ao
assc.a:co :caa, .cooco', .co/asea .:n :ne
esseo.e c/ :e.noc'c.a' ae.e'coeo: :se'/
'e ns:c.a' e\eeo.e c/ sc.e:es :na: .ee
sa..ess/a' o .cooeo.o :ne s: .a.e c/
ooc.a:cos o :ne cos c/ oaas:a' .a:a'so
seeos :c aeocos:a:e :na: :ne o.cca:co
|cn+to oc O||vc||+ |+b||c|o |cvcs |con+|oo |oc & |+n|c| Cuc|||n|
oo
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-;| ,u|-ocz .oo,
1. Introduo
|m scu +|t|go scm|n+| sob|c o mo|n|o o+gu+ |+|c ||oc| cv|ocnc|+ um |cnomcno uc v+| to|-
n+|-sc |cco||cntc n+ ||sto||+ o+s tccn|c+s o su|g|mcnto c ocscnvo|v|mcnto ocst+s nio c ||nc+|
ncm t+mouco |csu|t+oo oc ncccss|o+ocs |c-cx|stcntcs uc um+ vcz |csono|o+s t|+ns|o|m+-
||+m um+ nov+ tccn|c+ num |+to |||cvc|s|vc| |c|o cont|+||o o uc c ocmonst|+oo c|+ ||sto||+
ocssc mcc+n|smo s|m|cs +nt|go c c||c+z oc +|ovc|t+mcnto o+ cnc|g|+ ||o|+u||c+ +|+ movc| +
mo |+c|||t+noo +ss|m + so|uio oc um+ ncccss|o+oc tio un|vc|s+| u+nto oc moc| g|ios +|+
o consumo |um+no c uc su+ |nco|o|+io o| um+ o+o+ soc|co+oc occnoc oc |+to|cs cu,+
com|cx|o+oc u|t|++ss+ oc |ongc + s|m|cs so|uio oc um+ ncccss|o+oc cconom|c+ |o c+so
cscc|||co + s|m|cs |cscn+ oc um mo|n|o o+gu+ no contcxto oc octc|m|n+o+s |nst|tu|ocs
scnoo o mc||o| cxcm|o o oc |nst|tu|ocs |c||g|os+s n+ |u|o+ |cuo+| ooc||+ |c|cscnt+| um
|+to| oc ooc| c o|cssio ocst+s sob|c ou|+ocs |ntc||+s ocscnc+oc+noo s+ng|cnt+s |cvo|t+s
m|c+ c soc|+| +ssou o| um+ t|+ns|o|m+io |+o|-
c+| nos |cscct|vos s|stcm+s soc|+|s oc c|son+||o+-
oc +t|+vcs o+ u+| sc cst+bc|cccu um ncxo cnt|c o
munoo o+ v|o+ |+t|c+ c o munoo o+ |oouio |n-
tc|cctu+| c|+ss|c+ (|oso+) ncxo cstc uc tcvc como
mco|+io o ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ c|cnc|+ mooc|n+
|st+ cxc||cnc|+ ooc sc| um +|+o|gm+ |ntc|css+n-
tc +|+ sc com|ccnoc| o c+so oc soc|co+ocs como
+ b|+s||c||+ uc +cs+| oc tc|cm |og|+oo um s|gn|-
c+t|vo ocscnvo|v|mcnto cconom|co-|noust||+| s|-
mu|tnco +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c conso||o+io oc
um+ b+sc oc |oouio c|cnt|c+ c tccno|og|c+ |c|+-
t|v+mcntc +v+n+o+ c|m+ncccm cst+c|on+o+s n+
scm|c|||c||+ o+ cconom|+ muno|+| o| cont+ oc o|-
cu|o+ocs cm ocscnvo|vc| um |occsso cnoogcno
c c|m+ncntc oc |nov+io tccno|og|c+
O t|+b+||o |ooc uc + cst+ o|scussio ooc con-
t||bu|| csc|+|cccoo|+mcntc o |c|c|cnc|+| o+ tco||+ oo
+g|| comun|c+c|on+| oc |+bc|m+s cscc|+|mcntc sc
|csg+t+oos scus |uno+mcntos cm |+nt c |cgc| c|+-
m+noo + +tcnio sob|c + o|mcnsio ct|c+ oo +g|| so-
c|+| como mcc+n|smo |nst+u|+oo| oc scnt|oo +|+
+s nov+s congu|+ocs |csu|t+ntcs oo ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto tccno|og|co
alavras-cbave. |nov+io tccno|og|c+ cm|c|||c-
||+ ^io comun|c+c|on+|
c/ :e.noc'c, o e.coco. aoa sc.a' '/e assea
:ncan a aa.a' :aos/coa:co co :ne ese.:.e
sc.a' s,s:eos c/ escoa':, :ncan .:.n : .as
es:ao'snea a .cooe.:co oe:.eeo :ne .c'a c/
a.:.a' '/e aoa :ne .c'a c/ .'ass.a' o:e''e.:aa'
caa.:co n'cscn,) .cooe.:co .n.n naa as
oeaa:co :ne ae.e'coeo: c/ ocaeo s.eo.e
's e\eeo.e .ao oe ao o:ees:o aaao :c
.coeneoa :ne .ase c/ sc.e:es 'e :ne 8a'ao coe
.n.n aes:e na.o a.ne.ea a so.ao: oaas:a'
aoa e.coco. ae.e'coeo: soa':aoecas', :c :ne
ae.e'coeo: aoa .cosc'aa:co c/ a sc'a aoa e'a:.e',
aa.ao.ea caa.:co c/ s.eo.e aoa :e.noc'c,
eoao co :ne seoene.a' coe c/ .c'a e.coco,
oe.aase c/ :s a .a':, :c ae.e'c ao eoaceocas aoa
eoaoeo: c.ess c/ :e.no.a' ooc.a:co
's .c saes:s :na: :ne :nece:.a' /aoe.c
c/ :ne .cooao.a:.e a.:co .ao .co:oa:e o
ao .'a/,o .a, :c :ns as.assco |se.a'', /
.cosaeea :s n'cscn.a' /aoaaoeo:s o |ao:
aoa |ee' co:o :c :ne e:n.a' aoeosco c/ sc.a'
a.:co as a oe.naoso :na: a::oa:es oeaoo :c
oe. .coaa:cos :na: esa': /co :e.noc'c.a'
ae.e'coeo:
keywords e.no.a' ooc.a:co :eoene,
Ccooao.a:.e a.:co
|nov+io tccno|og|c+ no ||+s|| ucstocs ct|c+s
o+ +io soc|+| cm um+ cconom|+ scm|c|||c||c+
o+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-;| ,u|-ocz .oo,
ou|+|cs cm oc|cs+ oo o||c|to oc m+nutcnio c uso oo cnoso c tccn|c+mcntc +|c+|co mo|-
n|o oomcst|co m+nu+| (||OC| +,s,) ^ss|m ou|+ntc u+sc oo|s m||cn|os + cx|stcnc|+ oc um+
nov+ tccn|c+ ncstc oom|n|o nio |o| su||c|cntc o| s| so +|+ ||v|+| os |omcns mc||o| o|to +s
mu||c|cs uc scm|c const|tu||+m + |mcns+ m+|o||+ ncstc t|o oc t+|c|+ oo cnoso t|+b+||o
oc mo+gcm oc g|ios tio so com o uso o+ |o|+ muscu|+|
|xcm|os scmc||+ntcs oocmos cncont|+| cm u+sc too+s +s soc|co+ocs |c-mooc|n+s uc +
ocsc|to oc um+ |m+g|n+io tccn|c+ s vczcs +ssomb|os+ o| +|tc oc scgmcntos oc su+s c||tcs
nio |+|o cm|cg+o+ oc |o|m+ c||c+z no contcxto oc |ob|cm+s os m+|s o|vc|sos nio |og|+|+m
tio so o| |sto +t|ng|| + mooc|n|o+oc |c|o cont|+||o css+ |m+g|n+io tccn|c+ c|+ cm|cg+o+
no m+|s o+s vczcs n+ |c+||z+io oc ob|+s uc |c|o|+v+m o c+|+tc| |c-mooc|no o+s soc|co+ocs
sc,+ c|+ ut|||z+io oc cno|mcs m+ss+s |um+n+s como s|m|cs |ccu|so o|sos|io o+ vont+-
oc un||+tc|+| oc sobc|+nos sc,+ o| sc|cm conccb|o+s c |c+||z+o+s cm bcnc||c|o cxc|us|vo ocst+
uc| no |+no m|||t+| uc| no |+no s|mbo||co ou mcsmo no o+ |oouio m+tc||+| oc bcns
+

uoo +|ccc cn||m oco||c| como sc + |+c|on+||o+oc uc |cs|oc o uso oc um octc|m|n+oo co-
n|cc|mcnto com ||ns |+t|cos nio co|nc|oc com + |+c|on+||o+oc tccn|c+ |o||+mcntc o|t+ |sto
c + |+c|on+||o+oc |m+ncntc +os |occssos c+us+|s n+tu|+||z+oos |m sum+ um+ |nov+io nio c
um+ ocscobc|t+ oc +|go uc ,+ cst|vcssc +oo|mcc|oo no |cg+o o+ n+tu|cz+ csc|+ uc um+
mcntc oc|os+ ou o s|m|cs +c+so o v|cssc ocsc|t+| c co|oc+-|o +o sc|v|o o+ |um+n|o+oc
|m+ |nov+io tccn|c+ ou tccno|og|c+ +|+ ut|||z+|mos o tc|mo co||cntc c + ||go| |nco||ct+-
mcntc cm|cg+oo c um+ m+||c|+ uc cons|stc cm su||ccnoc| + n+tu|cz+ cm su+ |nt|m|o+oc
co|oc+noo-+ + sc|v|o oc ||ns uc cm s| mcsmos nio tcm n+o+ oc n+tu|+|s |+ mc||o| t|+o|io
o+ mct|s g|cg+ c|+ busc+ +|c+n+| scus ob,ct|vos cng+n+noo os |occo|mcntos convcnc|on+|-
mcntc cst+bc|cc|oos |o cnt+nto os |occssos soc|+|s cnvo|v|oos n+ csco||+ oos ||ns ,u|g+oos
utc|s cono|c|on+m o +|c+ncc soc|+| oos |occssos tccn|cos cnvo|v|oos bcm como o scu scnt|-
oo ^ o|sscm|n+io ocstcs no u+o|o oc um+ o+o+ soc|co+oc c m+|s +|no+ + |nco|o|+io o+
|o||+ |+c|on+||o+oc c|cnt|||co-tccn|c+ c|os s|stcm+s soc|+|s oc c|son+||o+oc oss|b|||t+noo
+ss|m + cont|nu+ t|+ns|o|m+io o+ b+sc tccno|og|c+ oos |occssos soc|o-cconom|cos c cu|tu-
|+|s no uc sc convcnc|onou sc| o +o|io oc |nov+io tccno|og|c+ o+s soc|co+ocs +v+n+o+s
suoc muo+n+s |o|uno+s no +o|io oc |c|+ocs |nst|tuc|on+|s ocss+s soc|co+ocs octc|m|n+n-
oo o| su+ vcz + +bc|tu|+ oc novos |o||zontcs oc comun|c+io +os +gcntcs
^ ||g|ocz ocss+s |c|+ocs n+s soc|co+ocs oo c+|t+||smo c|||c||co c uc cst+||+ +ss|m n+ o||gcm
o+s o|||cu|o+ocs o+ |nov+io tccno|og|c+ ncss+s soc|co+ocs |m+ct+noo ncg+t|v+mcntc os cs-
|o|os ub||cos c ||v+oos ncst+ o||cio |stc c o |ob|cm+ uc |ctcnocmos s|tu+| ncstc +|t|go
+ ^ ||st+ c |ong+ c ooc |nc|u|| ocsoc +s monumcnt+|s ob|+s oc cngcn|+||+ o+s soc|co+ocs oc mooo oc |oouio +s|+t|co +tc +s
g|+nocs ob|+s oc cngcn|+||+ c +|u|tctu|+ o+ |c-mooc|n|o+oc cu|oc|+ |nc|u|noo o|vc|s+s oc su+s m+n||cst+ocs no c+mo
+|t|st|co
|cn+to oc O||vc||+ |+b||c|o |cvcs |con+|oo |oc & |+n|c| Cuc|||n|
o:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-;| ,u|-ocz .oo,
2. O sistema social de personalidades na origem da
modernidade ocidental
^ cxc||cnc|+ ||sto||c+ o+s soc|co+ocs uc |og|+|+m ocscnc+oc+| + ||mc||+ ono+ oc |nov+ocs
n+s o||gcns oo c+|t+||smo |noust||+| +|ccc ocmonst|+| uc + |nco|o|+io o+ tccno|og|+ n+
v|o+ cconom|c+ cscc|||c+mcntc c n+s +t|v|o+ocs |+t|c+s cm gc|+| +ssou o| um+ t|+ns|o|-
m+io |+o|c+| nos |cscct|vos s|stcm+s oc c|son+||o+oc +t|+vcs o+ u+| sc cst+bc|cccu um
ncxo cnt|c o munoo o+ v|o+ |+t|c+ c o munoo o+ +|t+ cu|tu|+ (|||oso||+ n+tu|+| c c|cnc|+s n+-
tu|+|s) ncxo cstc uc tcvc como mco|+io conu|st+s c|cnt|||c+s |ccnc||o+s oc oss|b|||o+ocs
+||c+vc|s ^ |nco|o|+io o+ c|cnc|+ c o+ tccno|og|+ como co|o oc o||cnt+ocs s|mbo||c+s n+
v|o+ soc|+| mooc|n+ |n||ucnc|+noo n+s conccocs oc munoo c n+ |+x|s cot|o|+n+ nio occn-
ocu ncst+s soc|co+ocs +v+n+o+s c|cnt|||c+mcntc somcntc oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc um s|stcm+
soc|+| o|g+n|z+oo cm to|no o+ |oouio c |c|oouio oo con|cc|mcnto tccnoc|cnt|||co m+s
c ooc||+mos o|zc| |uno+mcnt+|mcntc oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc um+ cu|tu|+ tccn|c+ c c|cnt|||c+
cm tot+| |ntc|cnct|+io com +s cst|utu|+s oos s|stcm+s oc c|son+||o+oc +|no+ uc |sso |nc|-
o|ssc nos cst+g|os |n|c|+|s ocssc ocscnvo|v|mcnto somcntc cm um+ +|tc o+ c||tc cu|tu|+|
|c|c||mo-nos + cssc |occsso oc |ntc|cnct|+io scgu|noo |+|sons (+,;|) uc +|gumcnt+ sc|
cstc um |occsso c|o u+| |+ + |ntc||o||z+io oc ob,ctos soc|+|s c no|m+s cu|tu|+|s c|+ c|-
son+||o+oc oos |no|v|ouos |+ ||n|+ oo cst|utu|+|-|unc|on+||smo |+|sons (+,;|) sc |c|c|c +o oc-
scnvo|v|mcnto o+ c|cnc|+ |ng|cs+ c su+ |o|uno+ |ntc|cnct|+io com os s|stcm+s oc c|so-
n+||o+oc como um cvcnto cst|mu|+oo c|o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo |otcst+nt|smo +scct|co uc
+ccntuou mot|v+ocs oc |c+||z+io o+uc|+ cm voc+ocs muno+n+s oc b+sc cogn|t|vo-|nst|u-
mcnt+| Ou como +ss|n+|+ |+bc|m+s
^ ||gu|+ conc|ct+ o+ ct|c+ |otcst+ntc ccnt|+o+ cm to|no o+ |oc|+ oc |o||ssio s|gn|||c+ c|ct|v+-
mcntc uc o |+c|on+||smo ct|co |oo|c|on+ o |uno+mcnto +|+ um+ +t|tuoc cogn|t|vo-|nst|u-
mcnt+| ||cntc +os |occssos |nt|+muno+nos c cm cscc|+| ||cntc s |ntc|+ocs soc|+|s no mb|to
oo t|+b+||o soc|+| (|^||||^ +,s; ..,)
O cscc|||co o+ cono|io |ng|cs+ |o| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto gcnc|+||z+oo o+ +t|tuoc cogn|t|vo-|nst|u-
mcnt+| nos s|stcm+s oc c|son+||o+ocs com conscucnc|+s cst|utu|+|s no uc o|z |csc|to +ccn-
tu+io oo s|gn|||c+oo o+ csu|s+ c|cnt|||c+ vo|t+o+ +|+ cstc munoo |stc |mu|so gcnc|+||z+-
io s|mbo||c+ o+s mot|v+ocs ct|co-|nst|umcnt+|s no cnt+nto sc ocs+co|+ oc scu |ocus otcn-
c|+||z+oo| (+ ct|c+ |c||g|os+) g+n|+noo cst+tuto |o||o +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo c+|t+||smo cm
v+||+s |+|x+s oo g|obo |ooc-sc o|zc| uc t+| +t|tuoc oo s|stcm+ oc c|son+||o+oc - o||cnt+io |ns-
t|umcnt+| - sc consubst+nc|+||z+ no c+|t+||smo + +|t|| oc scu ocscnvo|v|mcnto nos sccu|os XV|||
c X|X |mco|noo uc sc |++ u+|uc| |c|c|cnc|+ +o +t|+so c|cnt|||co tccn|co c cconom|co + +|t||
|nov+io tccno|og|c+ no ||+s|| ucstocs ct|c+s
o+ +io soc|+| cm um+ cconom|+ scm|c|||c||c+
o,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-;| ,u|-ocz .oo,
oo t|o oc |nst|tu|io |c||g|os+ uc sc|vc oc b+sc s o||cnt+ocs oos s|stcm+s oc c|son+||o+oc oc
+|gum+s n+ocs cscc|||c+s |m out|+s +|+v|+s o ocs+co|+mcnto oo |+zc| c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ oc
scu ct|os |c||g|oso o||g|n+| ocs+uto||z+ |mut+ocs oc |csons+b|||o+oc cs|c|+ |c||g|os+ u+nto +o
+t|+so cconom|co oc +|scs cscc|||cos no munoo contcmo|nco O occ|s|vo oo uc sc o|scutc
+u| c uc cmbo|+ sc oss+ cns+| cm zon+s oc |ntc|cnct|+io cnt|c |c||g|io c cconom|+ c+|-
t+||st+ + |c||g|io nio c m+|s o s|stcm+ soc|+| |csons+vc| c|o ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ o||cnt+io cco-
nom|c+ |+c|on+| com b+sc n+ |+zio |nst|umcnt+| O ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc s|stcm+s oc c|son+||o+-
ocs oc o||cnt+io cogn|t|vo-|nst|umcnt+| uc|cmos o|zc| obtcm n+ mooc|n|o+oc o+ soc|co+oc
c+|t+||st+ scu contcuoo s|ngu|+| cm um v+sto numc|o oc out|os s|stcm+s soc|+|s c o|g+n|z+ocs
cm const+ntc |ntc|cnct|+io |nt|c cstcs + |n|vc|s|o+oc +|ccc +ssum|| +|t|cu|+| |mo|tnc|+ |
oss|vc| mcsmo cst+bc|ccc| + ||otcsc oc uc cst+ |nst|tu|io oco|s o+ su+ occ+ocnc|+ no |n|c|o
o+ |c-mooc|n|o+oc cu|oc|+ ,ust+mcntc u+noo +s |nst|tu|ocs oc cns|no oc contcuoo cogn|t|-
vo-|nst|umcnt+| +ssum||+m + o|+ntc||+ |c|+t|v+mcntc |n|vc|s|o+oc oc t|+o|io csco|+st|c+ +ssu-
m|u o osto oc ||nc|+| |nst|tu|io oo s|stcm+ cu|tu|+| o+ |ooc|n|o+oc ||nc|+|mcntc + +|t||
o+ o||usio oo mooc|o |oosto c|+ |c|o|m+ o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc oc |c|||m oc +sos + c|+m+o+ |n|-
vc|s|o+oc |umbo|ot|+n+ (CO|||| .oo,)
|o cnt+nto c oc |o|m+ gcnc|+||z+o+ o s|stcm+ couc+c|on+| cconom|co o||t|co |+m|||+| tooos
cstcs s|stcm+s n+ soc|co+oc mooc|n+ sc |ntc|cnct|+m com os s|stcm+s oc c|son+||o+oc |o-
ouz|noo |ntc|cmb|os s|mbo||cos oc o||cnt+io |nst|umcnt+| |cstc mooo +u||o uc sc|vc oc
b+sc +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto cconom|co sc||+ o|sosto o| out|os s|stcm+s soc|+|s como no ||n-
c||o oo c+|t+||smo mooc|no o |cz + ct|c+ |otcst+ntc
^ cstc |csc|to sc c|gunt+ sc +cc|t+ + tcsc oc uc s|stcm+s oc c|son+||o+oc mooc|nos oc
contcuoo cognosc|t|vo-|nst|umcnt+| ,+ cstio |cscntcs no ||+s|| o uc cst+||+ |mco|noo um
s|gn|||c+t|vo ocscnvo|v|mcnto cconom|co-|noust||+| s|mu|tnco +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c conso||-
o+io oc um+ b+sc oc |oouio c|cnt|||c+ c tccno|og|c+ |c|+t|v+mcntc +v+n+o+
|m+ ||otcsc +|+ + |csost+ + cst+ ucstio sc||+ + oc uc nio |ouvc c|o mcnos +tc + co-
c+ |cscntc oss|b|||o+ocs |c+|s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto ocssc |occsso oc |ntc|cnct|+io ocsscs
s|stcm+s soc|+|s com o s|stcm+ soc|+| oc c|son+||o+oc +|uo|oo o| |+|sons |m out|+s +|+v|+s
os o|st|ntos s|stcm+s soc|+|s sob|ctuoo o cconom|co c o cu|tu|+| ocscnvo|vc|+m-sc +utonom+-
mcntc scnoo + |og|c+ oo s|stcm+ cconom|co sob|ctuoo su+ subo|o|n+io +os ob,ct|vos oc
|oouio oc um cxccocntc +|o||+oo |n b|uto c|+ o||g+|u|+ g+|+nt|o+ c|+ +io +om|n|s-
t|+t|v+ oo |st+oo ||bc|+noo +ss|m + cs|c|+ cu|tu|+| o+ t+|c|+ oc ocscnvo|vc| |o|m+s oc |cg|t|m+-
io |+c|on+|mcntc mot|v+o+s o+s |c|+ocs oc t|+b+||o |st+ o|ssoc|+io c|m|tc com|ccnoc|
oo|s |cnomcnos s|mu|tncos oc um |+oo + ++|cntc |ncong|ucnc|+ ,+ +ss|n+|+o+ o| ||o|cst+n
|c|n+nocs cnt|c o ||bc|+||smo o||t|co uc |o|ncccu o subst|+to |oco|og|co o||g+|u|+ no mo-
mcnto oc +|||m+io oc su+ |ocnt|o+oc n+c|on+| com scus +nsc|os oc mooc|n|o+oc c o +|c+|smo
|cn+to oc O||vc||+ |+b||c|o |cvcs |con+|oo |oc & |+n|c| Cuc|||n|
o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-;| ,u|-ocz .oo,
o+s |c|+ocs soc|+|s n+s u+|s c|+ cst+v+ |mc|s+ c o+s u+|s c|+ + ||nc|+| +|t|||cc (||||^|||
+,;e) oc out|o + |cs|stcnc|+ cm ++|cnc|+ |gu+|mcntc |ncong|ucntc +|+ um+ c|+ssc uc +os
+ |noccnocnc|+ |nsc||+-sc nos c||cu|os |ntc|n+c|on+|s oo ooc| bu|gucs cm mooc|n|z+| su+s
|nst|tu|ocs cu|tu|+|s c sob|ctuoo cm +cc|t+| + |oc|+ oc |n|vc|s|o+oc |c|oouz|noo +ss|m cm
su+ csscnc|+ n+ su+ |c|+io com + soc|co+oc n+c|on+| c ,+ cm |cn+ |cub||c+ + |og|c+ u|+mcn-
tc +om|n|st|+t|v+ o+ |c|+io cnt|c + +nt|g+ |ct|oo|c c su+ Co|on|+ ||oouz|u-sc +ss|m um+
c||tc cu|t|v+o+ ||ust|+o+ s vczcs cu|t+ ,+m+|s (||X|||^ +,s,)
3. Cincia e sociedade no Brasil
^ ucstio o+ o|ssoc|+io no ||+s|| cnt|c |oouio tccn|c+ c c|cnt|||c+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto cco-
nom|co tcm |+|zcs bcm +sscnt+o+s n+ ||sto||+ oo +|s c ocsoc os ||mc||os tcmos +os o ocs-
cob||mcnto |+ |cg|st|os oc |oouio oc con|cc|mcnto + +|t|| o+s obsc|v+ocs |c+||z+o+s sob|c
+ nov+ tc||+ +s c+|+ctc||st|c+s o+ co|on|z+io c o+ |o||+ cst|utu|+ cconom|c+ c soc|+| b|+s||c||+
oos ||mc||os sccu|os sc|v||+m como um+ b+||c||+ +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|||co concct+oo
|oouio c +o cot|o|+no n+c|on+| O con|cc|mcnto s|stcm+t|co u+noo ocscnvo|v|oo c +||c+-
oo no ||+s|| Co|on|+ |mc||o c |||mc||+ |cub||c+ sc|v|u +|+ + m+nutcnio o+s cst|utu|+s cco-
nom|c+s c soc|+|s v|gcntcs
.
^ +uscnc|+ no ||+s|| oc um+ o||cnt+io cu|tu|+| t+| como nos +|scs
oc t|+o|io |otcst+ntc oo +g|| soc|+| ncstc munoo cc|t+mcntc tcm scu cso cx||c+t|vo +|+
cst+ s|tu+io
,
Os cst|+tos soc|+|s ||g+oos |oouio cu|tu|+| oo +|s cst+v+m ocsconcct+oos
o+ |oouio m+tc||+| ou sc,+ nio +|t|c|+v+m o||ct+mcntc ocst+s scnio como scus m+no+-
t+||os c bcnc||c|+||os cxc|us|vos |+|t|noo-sc o+ c|scct|v+ o+ sccu|+||z+io c |+c|on+||z+io o+s
cs|c|+s soc|+|s oco|||o+ no ||+s|| t+nto u+nto nos +|scs oo ccnt|o o+ cconom|+ muno|+| ooc-
. Os +uto|cs oc um+ cc|t+ ||tc|+tu|+ uc sc |cc|+m+ oc |ns||+io m+|x|st+ uc cons|stc cm +|m+| uc n+ coc+ oo c+|t+||s-
mo too+ |nov+io tccno|og|c+ cst+ onto|og|c+mcntc octc|m|n+o+ + |c|oouz|| +s cst|utu|+s soc|+|s c cconom|c+s cx|stcntcs
ocvcm cc|t+mcntc tc| cncont|+oo o uc |+zc| com o tcxto oo u+| cxt|+|mos + scgu|ntc +ss+gcm ^ bu|gucs|+ nio ooc
cx|st|| scm |cvo|uc|on+| const+ntcmcntc os mc|os oc |oouio c o| conscgu|ntc +s |c|+ocs oc |oouio c com c|+s too+s
+s |c|+ocs soc|+|s ^o cont|+||o + consc|v+io oo +nt|go mooo oc |oouio const|tu|+ + ||mc||+ cono|io oc cx|stcnc|+ oc
too+s +s c|+sscs soc|+|s +ntc||o|cs ^ |cvo|uio cont|nu+ o+ |oouio o +b+|o const+ntc oc too+s +s cono|ocs soc|+|s + ctc|n+
+g|t+io c |ncc|tcz+ o|st|ngucm + coc+ bu|gucs+ oc too+s +s |cccocntcs u||mcm-sc too+s +s |c|+ocs x+s c||st+||z+o+s
com scu co|tc,o oc |cconcc|tos c |oc|+s +nt|g+s c vcnc|+o+s too+s +s nov+s |c|+ocs sc to|n+m +nt|u+o+s +ntcs mcsmo oc sc
conso||o+| uoo o uc c|+ so||oo sc cv+o|+ no +| tuoo o uc c|+ s+g|+oo c |o|+no c o| m o |omcm c ob||g+oo + cnc+|+|
com sc|cn|o+oc su+s vc|o+oc||+s cono|ocs oc v|o+ c su+s |c|+ocs com + cscc|c (|^|X c ||C|| .oo,)
, ^ cstc |csc|to V|c||+ cc|t+mcntc const|tu| o +|+o|gm+ oc um cns+mcnto uc so +cc|t+ o +g|| soc|+| csc+to|og|c+mcntc
o||cnt+oo cm to|no oo u+| g||+m os t|cs sccu|os oc |o|m+io o+ noss+ |ocnt|o+oc |m+ csc+to|og|+ uc no |+no oo munoo
o+u| oc b+|xo +|t|cu|+v+-sc com + ||ssio oo |st+oo |o|tugucs oc oc|cnso| u|t|m+ |+t|o o+ u|cz+ c+to||c+ |m+ m|ssio cc|t+-
mcntc +t|+cntc +|+ +|guns oucos' g|+nocs |omcns |+|+ o comum oos mo|t+|s |cst+v+ + +|tc|n+t|v+ oc submctc|-sc +os
||tos ub||cos ocssc +g|| soc|+| csc+to|og|c+mcntc o||cnt+oo c ocscnvo|vc| no cot|o|+no um cs|||to |+t|co +bso|ut+mcntc
ocs|oo oc u+|uc| c|scct|v+ cogn|t|vo-|nst|umcnt+|
|nov+io tccno|og|c+ no ||+s|| ucstocs ct|c+s
o+ +io soc|+| cm um+ cconom|+ scm|c|||c||c+
o,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-;| ,u|-ocz .oo,
sc obsc|v+| uc cstc |occsso oc o||c|cnc|+io soc|+| uc +ssoc|ou o||c|cntcs cst|+tos soc|+|s +
o||c|cntcs cs|c|+s oc +t|v|o+ocs cst+ n+ |+|z o+ o|ssoc|+io cnt|c + cs|c|+ cconom|c+ c + cu|tu|+|
^ss|m + o|ssoc|+io cnt|c + |oouio oc con|cc|mcnto c su+ +||c+io cot|o|+n+ c cconom|c+
tcvc como ||nc|+| |+to| +s |o||+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s oo |occsso oc co|on|z+io no ||+s|| c oc
su+ cst|utu|+ cconom|c+ c soc|+| ^ |c|+n+ cu|tu|+| |c|o+o+ oc |o|tug+| com |o|tc |n||ucnc|+
o+ |g|c,+ C+to||c+ c o+ |nu|s|io cont||bu|u +|+ + |o|m+io oc |cssocs cu|tu|+|s uc tcno|+m
+ o|||cu|t+| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|||co oc mooo |ntcg|+oo cconom|+ c soc|co+oc ^|cm
o|sso tcnoo + |oouio cconom|c+ + |o|+ oo t|+b+||o csc|+vo como ||nc|+| |ou|so|+ con-
t||bu|+-sc +|+ o +t|+so no ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc con|cc|mcntos c tccno|og|+s uc +|tc|+sscm +
|c+||o+oc oo t|+b+||o ^ cx|o|+io b|ut+ c s|m|cs o+ |o|+ oc t|+b+||o csc|+v+ cont||bu|u +|+
+ m+nutcnio oc um+ cconom|+ tccno|og|c+mcntc |uo|mcnt+| |uno+mcnt+o+ n+ |o|+ oo t|+-
b+||o |um+no |c +co|oo com +nt^n+ (+,;s)
|o|tug+| ] t|n|+ |||mcmcntc +sscnt+oos os t|cs c|cmcntos m+|s c|n|c|osos +|+ o ||v|c oc-
scnvo|v|mcnto o+s |o|+s o+ c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ um+ |o|tc |cssio cu|tu|+| cont|+||+ +o ||v|c
cx+mc ouv|o+ s|stcm+t|c+ c +os |+c|oc|n|os ||go|osos uc t||||c+|+m + c|cnc|+ mooc|n+ um+
o|g+n|z+io cconom|c+ c soc|+| uc ncn|um+ ocm+no+ co|ocou +o cns+mcnto c|cnt|||co c
um+ cst|utu|+ oc +uto||o+oc um |cg|mc o||t|co cxt|cm+mcntc +uto||t+||o uc sc |cg|t|m+v+
c|+ |ocnt|||c+io oc su+s vc|o+ocs com + ] +|+v|+ o|v|n+ (^|^|^ +,;s |+)
^ |+nt+st|c+ ocmonst|+io o+ c++c|o+oc oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c +||c+io oc con|cc|mcntos
|+t|cos vo|t+oos n+vcg+io ou|+ntc o c||ooo o+ cx+nsio u|t|+m+||n+ c sob|ctuoo + c++-
c|o+oc oc |+zc| con||u|| +|+ o mcsmo ||m +|c+s oc con|cc|mcnto o||g|n+|mcntc tio o|st|nt+s
u+nto + tccno|og|+ n+ut|c+ + +st|onom|+ c + c+|tog|+||+ +|+ ||c+|mos +cn+s ncst+s nio c
cont|+o|to||+ com um+ soc|co+oc uc sc ocscnvo|v|+ m+|gcm oo su|g|mcnto o+ c|cnc|+ mo-
oc|n+ |c|o cont|+||o ocmonst|+ o uio |ongc oocm || os cst+mcntos oom|n+ntcs u+noo sc
t|+t+ oc conso||o+| +s |nst|tu|ocs uc g+|+ntcm scu ooc| ^ cstc |csc|to o gcn|o o|tugucs
ocmonst|ou |+b|||o+oc cm c+m|n|+| sob|c o ||o o+ n+v+||+ t||+noo |ovc|to |+t|co oc tcscs
uc |csu|t+v+m oo ||v|c cx+mc oos |cnomcnos n+tu|+|s cv|t+noo no cnt+nto o c|ouc ||ont+|
ocss+ +t|tuoc com +s b+scs +x|o|og|c+s oo scu st+tus
^cs+| ocssc contcxto soc|+| ocs|+vo|+vc| |oouio oc novos con|cc|mcntos ocscnvo|v|+-
sc no ||+s|| + +t|v|o+oc c|cnt|||c+ ^ co|on|z+io como cxc||cnc|+ oc t|+ns|+nt+io oc um+
cu|tu|+ cm v|+s oc cxt|ngu||-sc (||X|||^ +,s,) mcsmo uc num ||mc||o momcnto tcn|+
|mco|oo o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc con|cc|mcntos tccn|co-c|cnt|||cos nio const|tu| c nio sc cons-
t|tu|u como b+||c||+s |nt|+nson|vc|s +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|||co cm scnt|oo cst||to ^ o|s-
soc|+io uc |ouvc cnt|c + |+c|on+||o+oc tccn|co-c|cnt|||c+ c os +scctos |c||g|osos nos +|scs
ccnt|+|s t+mbcm sc |c+||zou no ||+s|| com + |ntcg|+io oos o||c|cntcs s|stcm+s cm cscc|+| o
|cn+to oc O||vc||+ |+b||c|o |cvcs |con+|oo |oc & |+n|c| Cuc|||n|
oo
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-;| ,u|-ocz .oo,
o||t|co c o c|cnt|||co +|+ o +tcno|mcnto o+s ocm+no+s cconom|c+s o+ o|ocm v|gcntc n+u||o
uc sc convcnc|onou c|+m+| oc mooc|n|z+io consc|v+oo|+ |ss+ +t|v|o+oc o| |sto mcsmo
||cou |cst||t+ +os c||cu|os |ntc|cctu+|s o+ c||tc b|+s||c||+ uc busc+v+ |c|oouz|| +u| o +o|io
+x|o|og|co o+ nob|cz+ cu|oc|+ uc |nc|u|+ o oc|c|tc cstct|co |oouz|oo c|+ contcm|+io oo
munoo cscc|+|mcntc ncst+ +|tc onoc tuoo c m+|+v|||oso
|
vcnoo no ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+
tccn|c+ ouco m+|s uc mc|+ cu||os|o+oc c tcnoo + c||c|t+ consc|cnc|+ oc uc o o|n+m|smo
uc cst+ |mun|+ s |c|+ocs cconom|c+s const|tu|+m um+ +mc++ |cc|s+ +os scus ||v||cg|os
scn|o||+|s oo uc + +sccnsio c uco+ oc |+u+ const|tucm o cxcm|o +c+b+oo |||nc|+|mcntc
o| css+ |+zio o |nvcst|mcnto ncccss+||o +|+ + t|+ns|o|m+io ocss+ |c+||o+oc c|+ s|stcm+t|c+-
mcntc +v+||+oo como ocsncccss+||o
^ cx|stcnc|+ oc c|cnt|st+s +o |ongo o+ ||sto||+ b|+s||c||+ oos c||ooos co|on|+| c |mc||+| oo uc
+s ||gu|+s oc | |co|o || c oc |osc |on||+c|o oc ^no|+o+ c ||v+ const|tucm nio +cn+s cxcm|os
oc comctcnc|+ m+s oo st+tus uc css+ +t|v|o+oc goz+v+ no cst+mcnto scn|o||+| oom|n+ntc
ouc+ ou ncn|um+ conscucnc|+ t|ouxc +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co +|+ + ou|+-
io c cconom|+ b|+s||c||+s Const+m como |cg|st|os ||sto||cos o+ csu|s+ no ||+s|| cxco|ocs
cst|+ngc||+s uc ocsb|+v+v+m o |ntc||o| c + cost+ m+||t|m+ c+t+|og+noo +s ||ucz+s n+tu|+|s
(C|+||cs |+|w|n ut|||z+-sc oc |+|to m+tc||+| co|ct+oo cm su+ +ss+gcm c|o ||+s|| cm scu ||v|o
O||gcm o+s cscc|cs) +nt^n+ +c|csccnt+
V+||+s out|+s cxco|ocs t|vc|+m |ug+| ou|+ntc o sccu|o X|X + cxco|io |+yc| ||oc|+o+ o|
|ou|s ^g+ss|z cxco|ocs |ng|cs+s ctc too+s com o ob,ct|vo oc co|ct+| o+oos sob|c + ||o|+ c +
|+un+ o+s o|vc|s+s |cg|ocs oo ||+s|| +|+ |o|nccc| m+tc||+| o+s csu|s+s |cv+o+s + c+bo no cxtc-
||o| (^|^|^ +,;s |,)
|c c+|+tc| com|cmcnt+| + +ssoc|+io comc|c|+| cnt|c ||+s|| c |ng|+tc||+ + +|t|| oc +s+o c ou-
|+ntc o c||ooo |mc||+| g+|+nt|u +ccsso ||v||cg|+oo oos m+nu|+tu|+oos |ng|cscs +o mc|c+oo
b|+s||c||o |c|o|+noo + o||cnt+io o+ cconom|+ +|+ + +g||cu|tu|+ oc cxo|t+io c m|n|m|z+noo
+s c|+nccs oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc um+ |oouio n+c|on+| |noccnocntc oc +|tc|+tos c;ou co-
n|cc|mcntos tccno|og|cos vo|t+oos +|+ + +t|v|o+oc cconom|c+
O mc||o| cxcm|o o+ |oouio c|cnt|||c+ c tccno|og|c+ b|+s||c||+ n+ v||+o+ oo sccu|o X|X +|+
o XX |cvc|+-sc como um+ con|||m+io oo uso oo con|cc|mcnto c|cnt|||co +|+ + m+nutcnio
o+s cst|utu|+s cconom|c+s c soc|+|s v|gcntcs ^s ||mc||+s |nvcst|g+ocs c|cnt|||c+s |cv+o+s +
c+bo o| Osw+|oo C|uz no |nst|tuto oc |+ngu|n|os no ||o oc |+nc||o c c|o |nst|tuto |+ctc||o-
| +uo+noo + |||mc||+ |xco|io C|cnt|c+ oc |x|o|+io const|tu|o+ +|+ cx|o|+| +s |cg|ocs oo |o|tc o V|sconoc oc +uc+|
occ|+|+ n+ scssio |cn+||+ oo |nst|tuto ||sto||co c Ccog|+co ||+s||c||o oo o|+ +,;+.;+s,e () nio vos +|ccc cn|o|cs uc ,+
c|+ tcmo oc cnt|+| nos mcsmos c scm + +,uo+ oc cst|+ngc||os no cx+mc c n+ csu|s+ ocstc so|o v||gcm onoc tuoo c m+-
|+v|||oso (||^C^ +,e. +;)
|nov+io tccno|og|c+ no ||+s|| ucstocs ct|c+s
o+ +io soc|+| cm um+ cconom|+ scm|c|||c||c+
o)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-;| ,u|-ocz .oo,
|og|co oc io |+u|o sob o com+noo oc ^oo||o |utz no |n|c|o oo sccu|o XX +cs+| oc |no|c+|cm
um+ c|cnc|+ +v+n+o+ (+ cu|c oc Osw+|oo C|uz g+n|ou + |co+||+ oc Ou|o o+ |xos|io |n-
tc|n+c|on+| oc ||g|cnc cm |c|||m cm +,oe c scus t|+b+||os co||cntcs cst+v+m no mcsmo n|vc|
oos c|cnt|st+s cu|ocus) |o|+m o||cc|on+oos +|+ s+n+| |ob|cm+s g|+vcs oc s+uoc ub||c+ uc
+|ct+v+m o mooc|o cconom|co o+ coc+ ^s c|ocm|+s oc |cb|c +m+|c|+ c v+||o|+ |c,uo|c+v+m
g|+vcmcntc + cxo|t+io +g||co|+ sc,+ +t|+vcs oo ||o oc |+nc||o ou oo |o|to oc +ntos +ss|m
como |c,uo|c+v+ os |og|+m+s oc |m|g|+io +|+ + obtcnio oc mio-oc-ob|+ cu|oc|+
+n+oos os |ob|cm+s ub||cos oc s+uoc uc +tcno|+m + m+nutcnio o+s cst|utu|+s cconom|-
c+s c soc|+|s v|gcntcs ocs|cst|g|+v+-sc + |oouio c|cnt|||c+ c scus bcnc||c|os ^ss|m +s mco|-
o+s oc s+nc+mcnto ocscnvo|v|o+s no |n|c|o oo sccu|o XX nio |o|+m s|stcm+t|c+mcntc +||c+o+s
cm out|+s c|o+ocs c;ou |cg|ocs +cs+| oos cs|o|os o+ cu|c oc Osw+|oo C|uz ncstc scnt|oo o
uc |cvou v+||os oc scus |ntcg|+ntcs + +oc|||cm s cons||+ocs uc cu|m|n+|+m n+ |cvo|uio
oc ,o |c +co|oo com +nt^n+
() +s |ncons|stcnc|+s o+ +io govc|n+mcnt+| no c+mo o+ o||t|c+ c|cnt|||c+ c su+ |o||+ ocs-
cont|nu|o+oc occo||cm oo |+to oc uc +os o cum||mcnto |mco|+to oc t+|c|+s octc|m|n+o+s
os c|cnt|st+s csgot+v+m su+ |unio ,unto +os g|uos oom|n+ntcs (^|^|^ +,;s ;+)
O |n|c|o oc um |og|+m+ s|stcm+t|co oc ||n+nc|+mcnto csu|s+ oco||cu somcntc ou|+ntc os
govc|nos m|||t+|cs +t|+vcs oos |||C |o cnt+nto +o ot+|cm c|+ |o|m+io oc un|vc|s|o+ocs
ub||c+s oc csu|s+ cnu+nto oc|cg+|+m |n|c|+t|v+ ||v+o+ + m+ss|||c+io o+ couc+io suc||o|
||c+v+ cv|ocntc uc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|||co c tccno|og|co nio cst+v+ vo|t+oo +o mc|c+oo c
s|m v|+b|||z+io oc |o,ctos cst|+tcg|cos oo |o||o |cg|mc m|||t+| O |o||o cst+tuto ,u||o|co
o+s un|vc|s|o+ocs ub||c+s +o subo|o|n+-|+s +o |st+oo como occnocnc|+s +om|n|st|+t|v+s ocstc
c||+noo o|||cu|o+ocs |nt|+nson|vc|s +|+ su+ |ntc|+io com + |n|c|+t|v+ ||v+o+ most|+v+ + c|s|s-
tcnc|+ oc um mooc|o +|+ o u+| + cx+nsio o+ cconom|+ c + mooc|n|z+io o+ soc|co+oc nio
ocvc||+m cont+| com o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c + gcnc|+||z+io oc um s|stcm+ oc c|son+||o+ocs |un-
o+oo n+ +bso|io oc +o|ocs oc conout+ cogn|t|vo-|nst|umcnt+|s com o conscucntc ocscnvo|-
v|mcnto |ntc|no oc um+ +gcno+ c|cnt|||c+ c tccno|og|c+ |csu|t+ntc o+ cst|utu|+io oc um cs+o
ub||co oc |o|mu|+io c oc||bc|+io sob|c +s +|tc|n+t|v+s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto cconom|co c soc|+|
m+s tio somcntc com + +bso|io oc tccno|og|+s |o|nc+s uc uocsscm m+x|m|z+| o |cno|mcnto
oc um s|stcm+ cconom|co o+oo c +om|n|st|+t|v+mcntc o||cnt+oo
|ssc mooc|o ou+| oc couc+io suc||o| tcvc conscucnc|+s uc sc vc||||c+m n+ +tu+| con||gu|+-
io o+ couc+io suc||o| no ||+s||
|+ |c+||o+oc +s o||t|c+s +|+ o cns|no suc||o| scgu||+m ou+s o||cocs ncm scm|c convc|gcn-
tcs + ||mc||+ |c||ctc + oio oc |csc|v+| +s un|vc|s|o+ocs ub||c+s oc um+ cvcntu+| m+ss|||c+io
|cn+to oc O||vc||+ |+b||c|o |cvcs |con+|oo |oc & |+n|c| Cuc|||n|
os
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-;| ,u|-ocz .oo,
oo cns|no suc||o| m+ss|||c+io |ncom+t|vc| com + voc+io oc un|vc|s|o+oc oc csu|s+ uc +
|c|o|m+ oc +,es ||cs |mut+|+ (|u||+m +,,,+) ^ scguno+ oio |o| cx+no|| o cns|no ub||co
cm |cg|ocs mcnos |+vo|+vc|s +o ||n+nc|+mcnto ||v+oo oo cns|no suc||o| (^||^|O .ooo ;|)
^s conscucnc|+s ocssc s|stcm+ ou+| no u+| |+ (+|gum+s) |nst|tu|ocs ub||c+s vo|t+o+s +|+
+ csu|s+ c |nst|tu|ocs ||v+o+s vo|t+o+s +|+ + m+ss|||c+io o+ o|c|t+ oc couc+io suc||o|
cons|stc ||nc|+|mcntc cm csu|s+s o|ssoc|+o+s oo scto| |oout|vo o| +|tc o+s |nst|tu|ocs
ub||c+s c |+t|c+mcntc + |ncx|stcnc|+ o+ csu|s+ n+s |nst|tu|ocs ||v+o+s |sso s|gn|||c+ uc |+
csu|s+ (|uno+mcnt+|mcntc n+s |nst|tu|ocs oc c||tc ub||c+s) cnu+nto n+s |nst|tu|ocs ||v+-
o+s cnc+||cg+o+s o+ m+ss|||c+io conccnt|+m-sc os cu|sos o+ +|c+ oc |um+n|o+ocs com ocs-
t+uc +|+ +s ||ccnc|+tu|+s com ouc+ ou ncn|um+ +t|v|o+oc oc csu|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto
|+|s oo uc o|sto|ocs ou |+|t+ oc |+nc,+mcnto no cnt+nto cssc mooc|o ou+| |cvc|+ + c|-
s|stcnc|+ oc um+ c|sio o+ |o||+ v|o+ soc|+| ||cntc u+| os |ntc|csscs oom|n+ntcs |ocu|+m
ocscnvo|vc| |o|m+s oc cont|o|c o+s tcnsocs oc|+ |csu|t+ntcs o| v|+ u|+mcntc +om|n|st|+t|v+
+|+st+noo + oss|b|||o+oc oc |occssos oc |cg|t|m+io |+c|on+|mcntc mot|v+oos o+s |c|+ocs
cconom|c+s c soc|+|s o uc ncccss+||+mcntc suo||+ + +utonom|+ oos su,c|tos ||cntc +o u+o|o
|nst|tuc|on+| o+ soc|co+oc
^ss|m +o sc cns+| + |nov+io tccno|og|c+ como um |occsso ||g+oo |o|m+io oc s|stcm+s
soc|+|s oc c|son+||o+oc + ucstio o+ ct|c+ soc|+| to|n+-sc |uno+mcnt+| | |cc|so com|ccn-
oc| como sc o|g+n|z+ cm octc|m|n+o+s soc|co+ocs + |ntc|+io cnt|c scus mcmb|os c como c
cm uc mco|o+ css+ |ntc|+io con|c|c scnt|oo +os |occssos c|cnt|||cos c tccno|og|cos |cst+
c|scct|v+ + o|scussio oc |+bc|m+s (+,,o+ +,,ob +,,+ .oo+) +|ccc +|o||+o+ |unto +os
|uno+mcntos |||oso||cos ocstc +uto| su+ c|scct|v+ oss|b|||t+|+ o|scut|| os c|cmcntos o+ o|-
mcnsio ct|c+ oo +g|| soc|+| como mcc+n|smo |nst+u|+oo| oc scnt|oo |nov+io tccno|og|c+
cscc|+|mcntc no uc |csc|t+ com|ccnsio o+ |nov+io tccno|og|c+ como um+ o|mcnsio
o+ +utonom|+ oos su,c|tos soc|+|s
4. Inovao como fenmeno poltico
O |uno+mcnto |||oso||co uc cmb+s+ + tco||+ |+bc|m+s|+n+ - + o|scussio |oost+ o| cstc +u-
to| cnt|c |+nt cscc|+|mcntc scu concc|to oc +utonom|+ oo sc| |+c|on+| c o |cgc| oos csc||tos
oc |cn+ - ocvc +,uo+| + |ob|cm+t|z+| + ucstio o+ +utonom|+ Com b+sc ncst+ |c|tu|+ |ooc-
sc um concc|to oc +io tccn|c+ com +utonom|+ o+ vont+oc uc tcm como cnu+o|+mcnto
um |o,cto o||t|co oc soc|co+oc ocmoc|+t|c+ (|+bc|m+s +,,o+) O |cssuosto c o oc uc so-
mcntc cm um+ soc|co+oc uc o|scutc |c|tc|+o+mcntc scu m+|co |nst|tuc|on+| o|t+nto um+
soc|co+oc n+ u+| cstc m+|co |nst|tuc|on+| sc,+ c|m+ncntcmcntc con||ont+oo +utonom|+
|nov+io tccno|og|c+ no ||+s|| ucstocs ct|c+s
o+ +io soc|+| cm um+ cconom|+ scm|c|||c||c+
o,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-;| ,u|-ocz .oo,
oos su,c|tos c uc sc ooc |+|+| cm +utonom|+ o+ |nov+io tccno|og|c+ |m out|+s +|+v|+s
+ |nco|o|+io oc um +o|io oc |occo|mcntos congn|t|vo-|nst|umcnt+| o| +|tc oo s|stcm+
soc|+| oc c|son+||o+oc nio s|gn|||c+ + subo|o|n+io ocstc + um+ |+c|on+||o+oc tccn|c+ oc||n|o+
c|o |unc|on+mcnto ob,ct|vo oos |cnomcnos n+tu|+|s o uc +nu|+||+ + +utonom|+ oos su,c|-
tos c |ouvcssc css+ subo|o|n+io nio ooc||+mos |+|+| cm |nov+io tccno|og|c+ m+s cm s|m-
|cs |og|csso o+ c|cnc|+ scgunoo um+ |+c|on+||o+oc |m+ncntc + cst+ c |||cout|vc| s out|+s cs-
|c|+s o+ v|o+ soc|+| c su+ convc|sio cm ob,ctos tccno|og|cos scgunoo ncccss|o+ocs occo||cntcs
o+ cvo|uio oc um s|stcm+ cconom|co n+tu|+||z+oo c||+mos +| + v|sio +c+b+o+ oo +om||+vc|
munoo novo no u+| o m+|co |nst|tuc|on+| o+ v|o+ soc|+| cst+||+ |c|||c+oo como cx|cssio o+
cvo|uio n+tu|+| o+ v|o+ ^ com|cx|o+oc o+ c||t|c+ + cst+ v|sio v|sio tcnt+oo|+ +|+ o scnso
comum o|g+-sc oc +ss+gcm' |cs|oc ,ust+mcntc n+ ncccss|o+oc oc sc cns+| + |nco|o|+io
oo |occo|mcnto cogn|t|vo-|nst|umcnt+| c|o s|stcm+ soc|+| oc c|son+||o+oc no u+o|o o+
const|uio ||sto||c+ o+ +utonom|+ oos su,c|tos |m s|ntcsc |sto s|gn|||c+ uc sio os su,c|tos so-
c|+|s c|cs mcsmos uc oc||ncm no u+o|o oc su+s mutu+s |ntc|+ocs c |c|+ocs com o munoo
ob,ct|vo o u+o|o concc|tu+| uc o||cnt+|+ scus |occo|mcntos cogn|t|vo-|nst|umcnt+|s
|o u+o|o oc um+ cconom|+ muno|+||z+o+ o cst+bc|cc|mcnto oc |o,ctos o||t|cos +t|+vcs oc
um |occo|mcnto ocmoc|+t|co com b+sc n+ sobc|+n|+ ou|+| c n+ |o|m+io o||t|c+ o+s von-
t+ocs c uc b+||z+|+ o cs|o|o +|+ |omc| + occnocnc|+ o+ |nov+io tccno|og|c+ o+o+ c|+
os|io (scm|)c|||c||c+ oc |st+oos c cm|cs+s n+s c+oc|+s |oout|v+s |ntc|n+c|on+|s
^ +utonom|+ oo su,c|to no u+o|o o+ |ooc|n|o+oc |cmctc + |+nt Com |+nt (+,s|) ooc-sc
busc+| um+ conccio oc mo|+| |+t|c+mcntc |c+||z+vc| c |uno+o+ n+ +utonom|+ o+ vont+oc
|mo|t+ obsc|v+| +u| uc + |oc|+ oc sc|cs |+c|on+|s +g|noo mo|+|mcntc c um+ |oc|+ |+t|c+ uc
nio cst+ o+o+ m+s +o +|c+ncc o+ vont+oc
|ncxc||cntc + |csc|to oo cu|so o+s co|s+s oo munoo |nc++z oc |cvcnio cm |+cc oos
+contcc|mcntos uc nc|c sc vcn|+m + o+| b+st+ uc cu c|guntc + m|m mcsmo - |oocs tu
uc|c| t+mbcm uc + tu+ m+x|m+ sc convc|t+ cm |c| un|vc|s+|
(|^| ,s: o)
|st+ |o|mu|+io no|m+t|v+ sc|+ +|ccno|o+ o| |+bc|m+s (+,,o+) cm su+ |cocu+io un|vc|-
s+||st+ ^ +utonom|+ o+ vont+oc c + |oc|+ oc o|gn|o+oc oc tooo sc| |+c|on+| (conccb|oo n+ tc-
o||+ |+bc|m+s|+n+ como su,c|to cnvo|v|oo n+ |+t|c+ oo o|scu|so com |ctcnsocs oc v+||o+oc)
uc oc|+ |m||c+ sc|+ |uno+mcnt+| +|+ uc o +uto| conccb+ o |o,cto oc um |cub||c+n|smo
ocmoc|+t|co +mbcm |+bc|m+s (+,,+) +oot+ + |c|o|mu|+io oos +uto|cs o+ ct|c+ |o|m+||st+
o+ noio |+nt|+n+ oc um munoo |ntc||g|vc| c|o concc|to oc |+c|on+||o+oc |occo|mcnt+| no
cs|o|o oc concc|tu+| um+ |+zio |+t|c+ |+|+ o +uto| cnt|ct+nto + os|io |+nt|+n+ ooc sc|
|c|o|mu|+o+ no m+|co oc um+ ct|c+ o+ o|scussio (c nio o+ ct|c+ |o|m+||st+) nio scnoo ncccs-
s+||o +|+ t+nto +ssum|| um+ os|io cct|c+ o|+ntc oos v+|o|cs |cst+ c|scct|v+ o ||nc||o
|cn+to oc O||vc||+ |+b||c|o |cvcs |con+|oo |oc & |+n|c| Cuc|||n|
)o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-;| ,u|-ocz .oo,
oc un|vc|s+||z+io como |cg|+ o+ +|gumcnt+io |m||c+ uc um+ no|m+ v+||o+ sc,+ +uc|+ cu,+
obsc|v+io o| c+o+ mcmb|o oc um |occo|mcnto o|scu|s|vo tcn|+ su+s conscucnc|+s c c|c|-
tos co|+tc|+|s +cc|tos scm co+io o| tooos os +|ct+oos
^t|+vcs oos csc||tos oo ,ovcm |cgc| (+,,+) cm |cn+ |+bc|m+s (+,,+) busc+|+ sc| ||c| +o c+|+tc|
contcxtu+| o+ v+||o+oc no|m+t|v+ ^o ostu|+| o |occo|mcnto o|scu|s|vo como mcc+n|smo |ns-
t+u|+oo| oc um+ ct|c+ soc|+| (|+bc|m+s +,,.) o contcxto cm uc +s no|m+s sc +||c+m to|n+-
sc um |+to| |c|cv+ntc +|+ + +n+||sc c com o ||nc||o oc un|vc|s+||z+io busc+oo cm mc|o
+ um+ m+t||z |+nt|+n+ c oss|vc| suscnoc| + v+||ocz oc um contcxto o+oo +t|+vcs o+ m+t||z
|cgc||+n+ o +uto| +|||m+ uc + +io mo|+| so sc m+n||cst+ n+uc|cs su,c|tos uc |o|m+|+m cst+
c++c|o+oc no |occsso oc su+ soc|+||z+io cm contcxtos cx|stcntcs oc v|o+ ct|c+
|m |cgc| (+,,+) + +utonom|+ oo sc| |+c|on+| ou oo su,c|to so sc |o|m+ n+ |ntc|+io ||+ c +ntcs
|csu|t+oo oc um+ |ut+ c|o |ccon|cc|mcnto +o |nvcs oc sc|v|| como onto oc +|t|o+ +|+ um+
soc|co+oc +g|noo sob |c|s comuns como ++|ccc cm |+nt (+,s|) ^ const|tu|io o+ tot+||o+oc
ct|c+ cm |cgc| (+,,+) +ss+ o| um |occsso |o|m+t|vo uc |csonoc mc||o| +o |ob|cm+ so-
c|o|og|co o+ cocsio soc|+| |cocu+io cst+ uc tcm |ug+| n+s |c||cxocs |+bc|m+s|+n+s |cgc|
(+,,+) |+|+ n+s otcnc|+s oo |s|||to ou sc u|sc| n+s |+scs oc const|tu|io o+ v|o+ soc|+|
^ s|ntcsc cnt|c cstcs oo|s +uto|cs c|+ss|cos o+ |||oso||+ +|cmi |+nt c |cgc| +|+ sc cns+| + so-
c|co+oc mooc|n+ sc|+ ocscnvo|v|o+ o| |+bc|m+s oc mooo + |uno+| com c|+|cz+ um+ tco||+
o+ |c|+io cnt|c o||t|c+ c t|+b+||o (t+mbcm o mb|to o+ tccn|c+) n+ mooc|n|o+oc
|+ c|scct|v+ |+bc|m+s|+n+ o |+to oo |og|csso tccn|co n+ mooc|n|o+oc sc| um |occsso
|n|ntc||uto ocvc |cv+| + um+ |c||cxio +cc|c+ oo c+|+tc| o+s |nst|tu|ocs ocst+ soc|co+oc c nio
o+ tccn|c+ cm s| mcsm+ Os s|stcm+s tccn|cos oc +io sio com|ccno|oos n+ c|scct|v+ |+-
bc|m+s|+n+ como scnoo ocscnvo|v|oos sob o m+|co |nst|tuc|on+| o+s soc|co+ocs c somcntc
n+ mooc|n|o+oc c uc +s |nst|tu|ocs |+c|on+||z+o+s conscgucm +b+|c+| const+ntcs |nov+ocs
c|cnt|||c+s c tccno|og|c+s
|m cont|+onto c|uc|o+t|vo c o obst+cu|o o||usio oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto tccn|co cx|stcntc cm
soc|co+ocs t|+o|c|on+|s con|o|mc ,+ mcnc|on+oo |m g|+noc |o,cto tccno|og|co cm um+ so-
c|co+oc |c-mooc|n+ nio ooc||+ cxt|+o|+| os ||m|tcs oc s|gn|||c+oo t|+o|c|on+|mcntc |c|o+oo
o+uc|+ v|o+ cm soc|co+oc
^ o|||cu|o+oc t|+z|o+ com + |+c|on+||z+io o+ soc|co+oc ncst+ c|scct|v+ c + c++c|o+oc oo
m+|co |nst|tuc|on+| cont|o|+| +t|v+mcntc o |og|csso tccn|co Vcmos cst+ mcsm+ o|||cu|o+oc
co|oc+o+ n+ tco||+ oo s|stcm+ muno|+| c+|t+||st+ oc ^|||g|| (+,,s) |+|+ cstc +uto| + c++c|o+-
oc oc um +|s sc +|+| +o nuc|co o|gn|co o+ cconom|+ muno|+| t|+nsccnoc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto
|nov+io tccno|og|c+ no ||+s|| ucstocs ct|c+s
o+ +io soc|+| cm um+ cconom|+ scm|c|||c||c+
)+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-;| ,u|-ocz .oo,
oc +t|v|o+ocs + um momcnto ||sto||co o+oo cons|oc|+o+s ccnt|+|s |io b+st+ uc sc +umcn-
tcm os co|oos oc +tcntcs ou uc sc c||cm cm|cs+s vo|t+o+s +os sc|v|os +|+ ut|||z+|mos os
cxcm|os o+ cconom|+ contcmo|nc+ |+|+ ^|||g|| (+,,s +;,)
um +|s sc to|n+ um mcmb|o o|gn|co oc um+ zon+ somcntc u+noo su+s |nst|tu|ocs cco-
nom|c+s c o||t|c+s |o|+m congu|+o+s o| um+ +ssoc|+io |o|ong+o+ + um+ o+o+ comb|-
n+io oc +t|v|o+ocs oc nuc|co o|gn|co c oc c|||c||+
| +s +t|v|o+ocs oos +|scs ccnt|+|s cons|stcm no |nccnt|vo + um ||uxo cont|nuo oc |nov+ocs
uc soz|n|+s cm |ongo |+zo oocm |c|oouz|| os|ocs oo nuc|co o|gn|co (^|||C|| +,,s
+,s) Como o|z o +uto| nio cx|stcm +t|v|o+ocs uc soz|n|+s c cm s| mcsm+s |m||ucm
num+ os|io ccnt|+| ou c|||c||c+ n+ cconom|+ ||ust|+io o|sto c o |st+oo scm|c|||c||co uc
sc +o|+ n+ cx|o|+io oc su+s v+nt+gcns oc custos +|+ ocscnvo|vc| +t|v|o+ocs ocscnvo|v|o+s
no nuc|co o|gn|co c +ss|m conscgu|| comct|| com os +|scs ccnt|+|s |ss+ cst|+tcg|+ cnt|ct+n-
to c com|ct+mcntc |nc||c+z n+ tcnt+t|v+ oc sc +|+| cono|io oc +|s oc nuc|co o|gn|co sc|-
v|noo +ntcs +|+ t|+ns|c||| +s +t|v|o+ocs uc num ||mc||o momcnto c|+m oc nuc|co o|gn|co
(bcm |cmunc|+o+s o|s so||cnoo b+|x+ |cssio comct|t|v+) + +t|v|o+ocs c|||c||c+s
^ cnt|+o+ no nuc|co o|gn|co o+ cconom|+ sc||+ cntio c+|+ctc||z+o+ o| um+ con||gu|+io |nst|-
tuc|on+| g+|+nt|oo|+ oc um +mb|cntc |+vo|+vc| + um ||uxo cont|nuo oc |nov+ocs tccn|c+s (t+m-
bcm o|g+n|z+c|on+|s) c c|cnt|||c+s c++zcs oc +o|+nt+| o scto| |oout|vo s +t|v|o+ocs oc b+|x+ ou
ncn|um+ |cssio comct|t|v+ (o|s |ncx|stcntcs +tc cntio) |sto cnvo|vc oc|x+| oc s|m|csmcntc
|nst|umcnt+||z+| os b+|xos custos oc mio oc ob|+ c m+tc||+-||m+ n+ busc+ o| v+nt+gcns com-
ct|t|v+s c +|t|| +|+ um+ c|scct|v+ oc muo+n+ |nst|tuc|on+| +utooctc|m|n+o+ uc o|g+n|zc
|occssos oc |nov+io |+|+ +ss+| o+ scm|c|||c||+ +o ccnt|o o+ cconom|+ muno|+| os |st+oos oc-
vcm c||+| um cs+o |nst|tuc|on+| uc contcm|c + +utonom|+ oos su,c|tos soc|+|s c|m|t|noo su+
o|g+n|z+io com v|st+s +o cngcno|+mcnto const+ntc oc |occssos |nov+t|vos
5. Concluso
Con|o|mc sc ooc +|ccnoc| + +|t|| o+ o|scussio |+bc|m+s|+n+ + |nov+io tccno|og|c+ cm
um +|s sc |cc|+ no ||m|tc o+u||o uc c oc||n|oo ub||c+mcntc como |o,cto o+ v|o+ cm so-
c|co+oc scu m+|co |nst|tuc|on+| |+|+ o cont|o|c +t|vo oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co c|o
m+|co |nst|tuc|on+| c |cc|so uc cstc cstc,+ +bc|to +os |mc|+t|vos oc||n|oos cm um cs+o
ub||co oc ocb+tcs oo cont|+||o o m+|co sc|+ tccn|c+mcntc |+c|on+| m+s |c|o+oo c |n+ccss|-
vc| ,ust|||c+io ub||c+ ^ +utonom|+ oc c+o+ mcmb|o no contcxto oc um+ v|o+ ct|c+ to|n+-
sc ncstc c+so o |cssuosto |nst|tuc|on+| +|+ uc sc c||cm |o,ctos (c;ou |o||zontcs) soc|+|s
|nov+oo|cs |m+ soc|co+oc oc v|o+ ct|c+ |+c|on+| |nst|tu| s|stcm+s soc|+|s oc c|son+||o+oc uc
|cn+to oc O||vc||+ |+b||c|o |cvcs |con+|oo |oc & |+n|c| Cuc|||n|
):
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-;| ,u|-ocz .oo,
o||cnt+m + +io com b+sc cm ||nc||os sustcnt+noo +ss|m um+ +t|v|o+oc c||t|c+ cm |c|+io
s no|m+s |c|o+o+s |st+ |o|m+o+ +| + +io |nov+oo|+ +uc|+ c++z oc conccbc| |o,ctos uc
|om+m const+ntcmcntc com + t|+o|io ^ tccno|og|+ sc|+ + m+tc||+||z+io oc t+|s |o,ctos
|os u|t|mos ocz +nos o ||+s|| vcm cxc||mcnt+noo um c|csc|mcnto cconom|co c couc+c|on+|
uc ouc+s vczcs ooc sc| obsc|v+oo n+ ||sto||+ ^ os|io oo ||+s|| cnt|c +s ocz m+|o|cs cco-
nom|+s muno|+|s o |+b|||t+ + +|mc,+| t|+ns|o|m+ocs +|no+ m+|s |o|uno+s c ou|+oou|+s uc
+s oco|||o+s +tc cntio |o cnt+nto o uc +|ccc sc| um+ |+|t+ oc m+|o| +|t|cu|+io cnt|c su+s
otcnc|+||o+ocs ooc sc| + |o|m+ ++|cntc o+ |+|t+ oc |ntc|cnct|+io oc scus o|st|ntos s|stc-
m+s (soc|+| o||t|co cconom|co ctc) no s|stcm+ soc|+| oc c|son+||o+ocs ou +|+ |+|+| cm
tc|mos |+bc|m+s|+nos o+ +uscnc|+ oc um cs+o ub||co c++z nio so oc o||cnt+| + |o|m+io
|+c|on+| o+s vont+ocs o||t|c+s m+s oc conc+tcn+| + +t|v|o+oc cconom|c+ c +s +t|v|o+ocs oc c|-
cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ n+ |coc oc s|gn|||c+oos uc con|c|cm |ocnt|o+oc +os su,c|tos soc|+|s ^|t|cu|+|
+uc|+s oss|b|||o+ocs o| v|+ u|+mcntc +om|n|st|+t|v+ como +|ccc sc| o c+so n+ |cscntc
con,untu|+ ooc nio +cn+s nio g+|+nt|| c||c+c|+ s o||t|c+s cst+t+|s oc suo|tc |nov+io
como |gu+|mcntc +|ccc sc| o c+so n+ |cscntc con,untu|+ como o uc c m+|s g|+vc ooc
cont||bu|| +|+ |c|oouz|| no |ongo |+zo + cono|io c|||c||c+ o+ cconom|+ |c|+t|v+mcntc +o
c+|t+||smo muno|+||z+oo
O s|stcm+ couc+c|on+| cconom|co o||t|co |+m|||+| tooos csscs s|stcm+s n+ soc|co+oc mooc|-
n+ sc |ntc|cnct|+m com os s|stcm+s oc c|son+||o+oc |oouz|noo |ntc|cmb|os s|mbo||cos
oc o||cnt+io |nst|umcnt+| O ||+s|| ossu| ,+ su+ o|sos|io |ccu|sos sc,+m c|cs |ntc|cctu+|s
cconom|cos c|cnt|||cos +|+ + gc|+io oc um vc|o+oc||o s|stcm+ n+c|on+| oc |nov+io O uc
+|ccc |+|t+| c + |n|c|+t|v+ oc um+ |c|o|m+ no |+no o+s |nst|tu|ocs uc |cgu|+m os o||c|cntcs
s|stcm+s no scnt|oo oc g+|+nt|| su+ |ntc|comun|c+io c com c|+ + +m||+io oo |o||zontc oc
comun|c+io oos +gcntcs soc|+|s c oc cx|cssio oos scus |ntc|csscs num u+o|o oc ,ust|||c+io
ub||c+ oos mcsmos
Referncias
||OC| |+|c ^ovcnto c conu|st+s oo mo|n|o o+gu+ |n C^|^ |uy (O|g) llstorla da tecnlca e da
tecnologla. io |+u|o ^ uc||oz |ous 1c
||^C^ |cn+to llstorla da expedlo clentlca de explorao. |o|t+|cz+ |m|cns+ |n|vc|s|t+||+ oo
Cc+|+ 1o.
CO|||| |+no+|| Soclologla de ls losoas: um+ tco||+ g|ob+| oc| c+mb|o |ntc|cctu+| |+|cc|on+ |+-
cc| |o|to||+| .00
|nov+io tccno|og|c+ no ||+s|| ucstocs ct|c+s
o+ +io soc|+| cm um+ cconom|+ scm|c|||c||c+
),
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-;| ,u|-ocz .oo,
||||^||| ||o|cst+n ^ |cvo|uio bu|gucs+ no ||+s|| cns+|o oc |ntc||ct+io soc|o|og|c+ . co ||o
oc |+nc||o z+|+| |o|to|cs 1o
|||C| |+t||cc Llnnovatlon tecbnlque: |cccntcs ocvc|ocmcnts cn sc|cnccs soc|+|s vc|s unc nouvc||c
t|co||c oc ||nnov+t|on |+||s |o |+ |ccouvc|tc 1
|^||||^ |u|gcn Clncla e tecnlca como ldeologla. ||sbo+ |o|ocs 0 .001
______ Lscrltos de moralldad y etlcldad. |+|cc|on+ |+|oos 11
______ ustlcatlon and appllcatlon |cm+||s on o|scou|sc ct||cs C+mb||ogc || ||css 1!
______ obc|+n|+ ou|+| como |occo|mcnto um concc|to no|m+t|vo oc cs+o ub||co |n |O-
VO |stuoos C|||^| n .o m+| 10
______ 1eorla de la accclon comunlcatlva: tomo | |+o||o +u|us 1c
______ 1eorla y raxls. . co |+o||o ccnos 10 (b)
______ Ue petblque de la dlscusslon. |+||s |o|t|ons ou Cc|| 1.
||C|| Cco|g \|||c|m O Slstema da vlda etlca. ||sbo+ |o|ocs 0 11
|^| |mm+nuc| |uno+mcnt+io o+ mct+||s|c+ oos costumcs |n |XO sc|cc|on+oos . co io
|+u|o ^b||| Cu|tu|+| 1c4 Os |cns+oo|cs
|^|||||| |+u| our une soclologle de letblque. |+||s ||| .001
|^|X |+|| ||C|| |||co||c| Manlresto Comunlsta. io |+u|o |nst|tuto |osc |u|s c |os+ unoc|m+n
.00! ||son|vc| cm |tt;;wwwsc||bocom;ooc;.40;|+n||csto-Comun|st+. ^ccsso cm 0
out .00
|^|O| +|cott O slstema das socledades modernas. io |+u|o ||onc||+ 14
^||^|O | | O enslno superlor no 8rasll: o scto| ||v+oo io |+u|o |uc|tcc |^||| .000
^|^|^ Vn|+ |uno|n Clncla e socledade no 8rasll. io |+u|o |mbo|o 1c
||X|||^ ^n|s|o Lnslno superlor no 8rasll: +n+||sc c |ntc||ct+io oc su+ cvo|uio +tc 1o ||o oc
|+nc||o |o|to|+ o+ |uno+io Cctu||o V+|g+s 1c
V|||^| |c+n-||c||c ||||||| |+|cc| Les ruses de llntelllgence: |+ mct|s ocs g|ccs |+||s ||+mm+-
||on 14
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
Desenvolvimento, energia e ambincia urbana:
uma abordagem histrica
Dlson Batista Ferreira

+ |||son |+t|st+ |c||c||+ c +|u|tcto u|b+n|st+ mcst|c cm ocscnvo|v|mcnto c mc|o +mb|cntc oouto|+noo oo |og|+m+ oc os-
g|+ou+io cm cnc|g|+ o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oo ^|C (+nto ^no|c;|) |m+|| o||son|c||c||+,u|+bcoub|
Resumo
|st+ b|cvc o|scussio tcnt+ |c|o|+| + ||otcsc oc
uc + |c|+io soc|co+oc mc|o +mb|cntc ocscnvo|-
v|mcnto c cnc|g|+ u+noo nio |ntc|-|c|+c|on+oos
tcnocm + gc|+| um+ +mb|cnc|+ |ns+|ub|c oc +|t+ cn-
t|o|+ sob + n+tu|cz+ c |m+ctos s|gn|c+t|vos so-
b|c + cconom|+ +s |c|+ocs soc|+|s c + s+uoc |um+-
n+ |st|m+-sc uc u+noo |+ o |ntc|-|c|+c|on+mcnto
cnt|c c|o mcnos t|cs |mo|t+ntcs v+||+vc|s oo oc-
scnvo|v|mcnto (soc|+| +mb|cnt+| c cconom|co) |+
um+ tcnocnc|+ gc|+io oc bcnc||c|os |mo|t+n-
tcs +|+ o |occsso oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+-
vc| |ntcnoc-sc uc c+so + |ntc|+io cnt|c +s otcn-
c|+||o+ocs c||m+t|c+s cconom|c+s soc|+|s cu|tu|+|s c
cco|og|c+s sc,+m |c+|mcntc cons|oc|+o+s tc|cmos
bcnc||c|os s|gn|c+t|vos n+ mo||o|og|+ u|b+n+ o+s
c|o+ocs n+ su+ cc|cnc|+ cnc|gct|c+ c +mb|cnt+|
o|m|nu|noo + tcnocnc|+ cnt|o|c+ |stc +|t|go +|c-
scnt+ um+ cvo|uio ||sto||c+ ocss+ |c|+io c os mo-
t|vos o+ +tu+| +|t+ cnt|o|+ |mc|+t|v+ n+s c|o+ocs
alavras-cbave. |nc|g|+ |cscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+-
vc| C|o+ocs
Abstract
's oe/ as.assco sees :c s:eo:neo :ne
n,c:ness :na: :ne e'a:cosn oe:.eeo sc.e:,
eo.cooeo: ae.e'coeo: aoa eoe, .neo oc:
o:ee'a:ea :eoa :c eoea:e ao eo.cooeo: c/
aonea':n, nneo:c, o oa:ae aoa so.ao:
oa.:s co :ne e.coco, sc.a' e'a:cosns aoa
nea':n |: s es:oa:ea :na: .neo :nee s o:e'a,
oe:.eeo a: 'eas: :nee oc:ao: .aao'es c/
ae.e'coeo: sc.a' eo.cooeo:a' aoa e.coco.)
:nee s a :eoaeo., :c eoea:e oc:ao: oeoe:s
/c :ne sas:aoao'e ae.e'coeo: c.ess |: s
aoaes:cca :na: / :ne c:eo:a' o:ea.:co
oe:.eeo .'oa:e e.coco. sc.a' .a':aa' aoa
e.c'c.a' ae ea'', .cosaeea .e na.e so.ao:
oeoe:s o :ne aoao ocnc'c, c/ .:es o :s
eoe, aoa eo.cooeo:a' e .eo., eaa.o :ne
eo:c. :eoaeo., 's a:.'e eseo:s a ns:c.a'
e.c'a:co c/ :ns e'a:cosn aoa :ne eascos /c
.aeo: nn eo:c, oaoaa:c, o .:es
keywords. |oe, :as:aoao'e |e.e'coeo:
C:es
|||son |+t|st+
)o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
1. Introduo (Contextualizando)
O |omcm c um sc| v|vo |n|gu+|+vc| c o||c|c oos ocm+|s sc|cs o|s +|cm oc su+ |ntc||gcnc|+ sc o|-
|c|cnc|+ c|+ su+ c++c|o+oc oc +o+t+io c t|+ns|o|m+io o+ +|s+gcm v|s+noo su+ |+b|t+b|||-
o+oc |oc+| O |+b|t+t |um+no c b+sc oc too+s +s t|+ns|o|m+ocs o||t|c+s soc|+|s c cu|tu|+|s o+
|um+n|o+oc | n+s c|o+ocs uc + m+|o||+ oc nos conv|vcmos t|+b+||+mos c nos |c|+c|on+mos
^|cm o|sto o |+b|t+t c um o||c|to csscnc|+| oo |omcm mooc|no c um+ ncccss|o+oc b+s|c+ un|-
vc|s+| ocsoc + +nt|gu|o+oc
Obsc|v+-sc uc + |c|+io cnt|c soc|co+oc c|o+ocs mc|o +mb|cntc c ocscnvo|v|mcnto vcm sc mo-
o|||c+noo |n|ntc||ut+mcntc ocsoc +.ooo +C tcnocnoo + um n|vc| oc consumo cnc|gct|co oc +|t+
cnt|o|+ (C|O|C|C| +,;+) |stc tcxto v|s+ |+zc| css+ suc|nt+ c b|cvc +bo|o+gcm + |csc|to o+
tcm+t|c+ oo uso oc cnc|g|+s |cnov+vc|s n+ +|u|tctu|+ c u|b+n|smo n+ ||sto||+ o+s c|o+ocs
cgunoo ||+mono (+,,;) +s o||c|cn+s gcog|+||c+s oc c||m+ oc cscc|cs oc +n|m+|s c |+nt+s
oomcst|c+vc|s bcm como oc oocn+s t|+nsm|ss|vc|s |o|+m v+||+vc|s oc||n|oo|+s +|+ + cx+n-
sio oc|ocnt+| cm +|gum+s |+|x+s oc tc||+ oo g|obo |+|+ ||+mono (+,,;) +|tc o+s |nov+ocs
tccno|og|c+s cu|oc|+s +o |nvcs oc tc|cm s|oo |nvcnt+o+s |oc+|mcntc |o| ||uto ,ust+mcntc ocs-
scs cont+tos com out|+s soc|co+ocs o uc |c|o|+ + |oc|+ oc uc o +mb|cntc n+tu|+| |ntc||c|c
no ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+s soc|co+ocs |sscs ocsoob|+mcntos c ||tmos o||c|cntcs oc ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto v|||+m + cu|m|n+| ostc||o|mcntc cm g|+nocs |mc||os c|o+ocs c |c|n+oos +o |ongo o+
||sto||+ +m||+noo o |osso oc ocs|gu+|o+ocs soc|+|s c cconom|c+s cnt|c +s |cg|ocs c cont|ncntcs
+||mcnt+oo c|o co|on|+||smo + +|t|| oc +,oo oC
Os +mb|cntcs u|b+nos scm|c +com+n|+|+m o ccn+||o cconom|co c o||t|co +ss|m como +b-
so|vc|+m su+s m+zc|+s ocscconom|+s ocscu|||b||os c cxtc|n+||o+ocs com |m+ctos |ns+|ub|cs
o||cto n+ v|o+ oc scus |+b|t+ntcs ||nc|+|mcntc os subu|b+nos mcnos +b+st+oos ^s c|o+ocs
+ss+|+m |+|o+mcntc oc |oc+|s oc c|cg||n+io cmb||ocs o+ soc|co+oc + s|mbo|o oc ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto c |og|csso o+s +|tcs ocmoc|+c|+ ooc||o bc||co ||ucz+ c oc ccnt|o o|g+n|z+oo|
o+ soc|co+oc +|+ o cc|nc o+ c||sc |um+n+ c +mb|cnt+| uc +|ct+ o |+nct+ |sto vcm gc|+noo
m|sc||+ scg|cg+io u|b+n+ c ocg|+o+io o+ v|o+ o+ m+|o||+ oc scus c|o+oios +ssoc|+o+ + v|o-
|cnc|+ consumo cxccss|vo oc cnc|g|+ c||m|n+||o+oc o|sut+s o| tc||+ oocn+s c o|u|io +m-
b|cnt+| |+ss+mos oc um u|b+n|smo suo|t+vc| c |ob|cm+t|co +|+ um u|b+n|smo c+ot|co
scg|cg+oo| c cx|os|vo com |ooutos c sc|v|os oc +|t+ cnt|o|+ | + c|o+oc m+tc||+||z+noo o
+tu+| mooc|o cconom|c|st+ oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto |m+ cconom|+ oc cun|o ||n+ncc|||st+ c oc +|t+
vo|+t|||o+oc uc vcm gc|+noo c||scs c|c||c+s
|oss+s u|bcs +ss+|+m oo st+tus oc bc|o o+ +nt|gu|o+oc c|+ss|c+ +tc o +tu+| mooc|o oc oc-
scnvo|v|mcnto c+|t+||st+ scnoo |o,c o |+b|t+t o+ m+|o||+ o+ ou|+io c o ||nc|+| consum|-
|cscnvo|v|mcnto cnc|g|+ c +mb|cnc|+ u|b+n+ um+ +bo|o+gcm ||sto||c+
))
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
oo| oc cnc|g|+ g|ob+| cgunoo ||||O|| (+,ss) ocsoc + |c-||sto||+ +tc os o|+s +tu+|s o sc|
|um+no c||+ nov+s cono|ocs oc |+b|t+b|||o+oc moo|||c+noo o +mb|cntc const|u|oo n+tu|+| c
gcog|+||co c +s |c|+ocs soc|+|s c o||t|c+s
^ ||sto||+ o+ |um+n|o+oc ocmonst|+ uc ncm scm|c + |ntc||c|cnc|+ |um+n+ n+ +|s+gcm |o|
m+|c+o+ o| ocg|+o+io +mb|cnt+| c |ns+|ub||o+ocs c +ntcs os |m+ctos c|+m c||cunsc||tos +
octc|m|n+o+s |cg|ocs +tu+|mcntc com + u|b+n|z+io +cc|c|+o+ c com + muno|+||z+io o+ cco-
nom|+ csscs |m+ctos +mb|cnt+|s +ou||cm csc+|+ g|ob+| scnoo mu|to m+|s nc|+sto scu o+no +o
|+nct+ (|||| .oo+) |+ mcsm+ |o|m+ c+so |osscm +oot+o+s mco|o+s oc b+|x+ cnt|o|+ como |+-
z|+m nosso +ntc+ss+oos os bcnc||c|os t+mbcm sc||+m g|ob+|s o+o+ o|mcnsio c o|tc o+s +tu+|s
c|o+ocs ^ cnc|g|+ c o c||m+ sio |no|scns+vc|s +|+ + v|o+ n+ c||+ | c|cmcnto v|t+| +|+ os sc|cs v|-
vos c su+s |c|+ocs cnt|c c|cs o |omcm |+|+ V|o+| (+,,s) + cnc|g|+ c + |o|+ mot||z o+ b|os|c|+ |cs-
ons+vc| c|+ o|vc|s|o+oc n+tu|+| c c||m+t|c+ oo |+nct+ cnoo o so| o g|+noc gc|+oo| uc ocsc,+
o|+||+mcntc g|+noc |ntcns|o+oc oc cnc|g|+ sob|c + tc||+ movcnoo m+ss+s oc +| +|tc|+noo o c|c|o
||o|o|og|co b|o|og|co c +s tcmc|+tu|+s c um|o+ocs cm o||c|cntcs |cg|ocs oo munoo |ss+s +|tc-
|+ocs |o|m+m o uc c|+m+mos oc c||m+ c su+s subo|v|socs (m|c|oc||m+s) octc|m|n+noo + v+||c-
o+oc +tmos|c||c+ oc v+||+s |cg|ocs oo |+nct+ (||V||O +,se) O c||m+ c |csons+vc| c|+ v+||+io
o+s +|s+gcns c c|+ o|vc|s|o+oc b|o|og|c+ c cnocm|c+ o+ tc||+ (C^|V^||O +,s|) | |csons+vc|
t+mbcm c|+s o|vc|s|o+ocs u|b+n+s (C^|O +,,;) |m tooo o munoo cncont|+mos cxcm|os
ocss+ m||cn+| c sustcnt+vc| |+|mon|+ cnt|c |omcm n+tu|cz+ +|u|tctu|+ c c||m+ ^ consonnc|+
cnt|c |+b|t+t c mc|o +mb|cntc scm|c +,uoou o |omcm +o |ongo o+ ||sto||+ + |c|ug|+|-sc cont|+ +
|nconstnc|+ oo mc|o c||m+t|co gcog|+||co c n+tu|+| c + t||+| bcnc||c|os ocst+ |+|mon|+ scm m+|o-
|cs |c,u|zos cco|og|cos |+|mon|+ |o,c c|+m+o+ oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc
u+nto |c|+io cnt|c c||m+ |omcm c mc|o +mb|cntc |osuc oc C+st|o c|t+
] |m oos g|+nocs |ccu|sos tccn|cos oc uc o |omcm |+nou mio +|+ |ug|| o+ +io |ntcm-
cst|v+ o+ mctc|co|og|+ +mb|cntc c cx+t+mcntc + |+b|t+io |csu|t+ o|sto uc c+o+ g|uo
|um+no |ocu|+ const|u|| o scu t|o oc c+s+ +tc cc|to onto como o|sos|t|vo cscc|+|mcn-
tc +to + ncut|+||z+| +s cono|ocs ocs|+vo|+vc|s oo c||m+ scm |c,uo|c+| + n+tu|cz+ ]
(C^|O ,; s)
|sso c +|t|cu|+|mcntc vc|o+oc||o o|s o sc| |um+no cnu+nto sc| |omcotc|m|co ncccss|t+
m+ntc| su+ tcmc|+tu|+ const+ntc o| vo|t+ oos ,;C ^|tc|+ocs c||m+t|c+s b|usc+s com g|+n-
ocs v+||+ocs oc tcmc|+tu|+ tcnoc +o co|+so oo o|g+n|smo c o| conscucnc|+ + mo|tc |u-
m+n+ (C^|V^||O +,s|) |ss+ ncccss|o+oc tc|m|c+ +ssoc|+o+ |n||ucnc|+ c||m+t|co-+mb|cnt+|
o||g|nou vcst|mcnt+s |um+n+s c cs+os const|u|oos o||c|cnc|+oos cm v+||+s +|tcs oo munoo
V+||os sio os cxcm|os sustcnt+vc|s n+ ||sto||+ oo +mb|cntc const|u|oo |stc t|+b+||o |+z um
suc|nt+ +no|m|c+ + |csc|to ocstcs cxcm|+|cs n+ ||sto||+ u|b+no- +|u|tcton|c+ c tcnt+ cx||-
c+| como o uso o+ cnc|g|+ +ss|v+ oo c||m+ |o| ut|||z+o+
|||son |+t|st+
)s
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
2. Desenvolvimento, homem e natureza
^ |c|+io cnt|c soc|co+oc c n+tu|cz+ vcm sc moo|||c+noo |n|ntc||ut+mcntc +os |ongos oos
tcmos | v|s|vc| uc o t|+t+mcnto o+ |c|+io |omcm vc|sus mc|o +mb|cntc occnoc oc cc|t+
|o|m+ oo cst+g|o soc|occonom|co c tccno|og|co +|c+n+oo o| octc|m|n+o+ soc|co+oc
cgunoo ||+mono (+,,;) + n+tu|cz+ c um+ o+s v+||+vc|s oc||n|oo|+s oos cst+g|os soc|occono-
m|cos c tccno|og|cos +|c+n+oos O |omcm oc|x+ oc sc| nom+oc c +ss+ + |ntc|v|| n+ n+tu|cz+
|oouz|noo o s|stcm+ oc |+nt|o c co||c|t+ ^ |nvcnio o+ +g||cu|tu|+ +ssoc|+o+ oomcst|c+io
oc +n|m+|s |oouz|u um+ nov+ |c|+io soc|+| cnt|c os |omcns ^ +|o||+io oo tc|||to||o
+
gc-
|ou |ntc|csscs cnt|c os g|uos o| |oc+||o+ocs com mc||o|cs cono|ocs c||m+t|c+s +|+ o |+nt|o
c csco+mcnto o+ |oouio O |omcm oc|x+ su+s tcno+s nom+ocs c +|tc +|+ +b||gos m+|s
cst+vc|s ut|||z+noo + cnc|g|+ +ss|v+ oo c||m+ c +s m+tc||+s ||m+s |oc+|s ccn|c+s +mb|cnt+|s c
oc gcotccn|+ c|m|t||+m +|m+zcn+| +||mcntos +b||| oos oc +gu+ c c||+| s|stcm+s oc o|cn+gcm
c oc +b+stcc|mcnto oc +gu+ o uc |cnunc|ou o |n|c|o oc um |oto-u|b+n|smo uc +|ovc|t+v+
+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s c||m+t|c+s c b|ogcog|+||c+s
^ntcs oos +g|omc|+oos u|b+nos cx|st|+m +s c|o+ocs ccm|tc||os (|cc|oo|c) uc c|+m onto oc
c|cg||n+io Com o su|g|mcnto o+ +g||cu|tu|+ c + ncccss|o+oc oc ||x+io no tc|||to||o su|gcm
os +ocns+mcntos t||b+|s uc oio o||gcm +os tcm|os c s+ntu+||os (^c|oo|cs) cgunoo |un-
|o|o (+,ss) ncstc +mb|cntc oc cxccocntcs cnc|gct|cos o |omcm sc +m||+ su+ |o|c ^ +t|v|o+oc
comc|c|+| +s |c|+ocs cconom|c+s cs+c|+|s c soc|+|s g+n|+m out|+ |c|io ^ n+tu|cz+ o c||m+
c + toog|+||+ oc||ncm oc cc|t+ |o|m+ o cst+g|o c + v|o+ soc|+| c o||t|c+ moo|||c+noo +s |c-
|+ocs oc ooc| cnt|c os |omcns |cstc +mb|cntc mct+|s como o b|onzc |oouz|oo no |g|to
c n+ |csootm|+ c o |c||o n+ |cn|nsu|+ |bc||c+ oss|b|||t+|+m + su|cm+c|+ oc ovos cont|+
out|os +t|+vcs o+ con|ccio oc +|m+s O ooc||o +|m+mcnt|st+ + csc||t+ c + +g||cu|tu|+ |oc+|
cu|m|n+|+m n+ cscc|+||z+io oos t|+b+||os ^ com|cx|o+oc ocss+s |c|+ocs cont||bu|u +|+
gc|+| os ||mc||os nuc|cos |c-u|b+nos uc o||g|n+||+m v||+s c c|o+ocs |o|t|||c+o+s Cont|ncn-
tcs nio cu|ocus como os |mc||os |nc+ c +stcc+ n+s ^mc||c+s +b||g+v+m m|||+|cs oc csso-
+s c c|+m mu|to m+|o| uc +s c|o+ocs o+ |u|o+ o+ coc+ |o c+so oos ovos o+ |u|o+ c o+
^s|+ cstcs ocscnvo|vc|+m +t|oocs cxccc|on+|s com + c||+io oc cxc|c|tos cscc|+||z+oos uc
o|t+v+m utcns|||os oc |c||o c +o o uc c|m|t|u +t|+vcs o+ |o|+ bc||c+ cs+||+|cm-sc c|os
ocm+|s cont|ncntcs |ovos uc nio t|n|+m css+s v+nt+gcns c|m+nccc|+m t||b+|s |sscs +con-
tcc|mcntos gc|+|+m +t+m+|cs ocs|gu+|s oc tccno|og|+ c o|g+n|z+io o||t|c+ cnt|c ++ooo +C c
+,oo oC |+|co ||+mono (+,,;) c s|ntct|z+ cstc |+c|oc|n|o o+ scgu|ntc |o|m+ ] |mc||os com
|c||+mcnt+s oc |c||o csc||t+ c tccno|og|+ conu|st+|+m ou cxtc|m|n+|+m t||bos com |c||+mcn-
t+s oc co|+ ] ^s v+nt+gcns com+|+t|v+s c +|gum+s +|t|cu|+||o+ocs +to|og|c+s cnocm|c+s
+ |ss+ +|o||+io sccu|os m+|s t+|oc sc cnu+o|+||+ no concc|to oc |o||co+oc ||v+o+ oc ^o+m m|t|
|cscnvo|v|mcnto cnc|g|+ c +mb|cnc|+ u|b+n+ um+ +bo|o+gcm ||sto||c+
),
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
tccno|og|c+s c m|||t+|cs occo||cntcs oc otcnc|+||o+oc +mb|cnt+|s |oc+|s (mct+|s +n|m+|s c |+n-
t+s oomcst|c+o+s c|ocm|+s c oocn+s) |sscs cono|c|on+ntcs |cvo|uc|on+|+m + +g||cu|tu|+ c o
t|+nso|tc bcm como + guc||+ c + cconom|+ V+nt+gcns oc o|g+n|z+io o||t|c+ cxccocntcs
oc +||mcntos c oc |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s c|m|t||+m m+|o| oco|c+io n+ c||+io c o|sscm|n+io oc
nov+s tccno|og|+s cnt|c c|+s +s bc||c+s ^ |oouio oc cxccocntcs oc +||mcntos c o |ntc|cm-
b|o tccno|og|co cnt|c +s soc|co+ocs cu|oc|+s cont||bu||+m +|+ um ooc||o +|m+mcnt|st+ c
m+||t|mo oc +|gum+s soc|co+ocs |ooc| cstc uc c|ou|+ +tc os o|+s +tu+|s c uc +|no+ gc|+m
guc||+s cnt|c ovos
Cono|c|on+ntcs gcog|+||c+s +mb|cnt+|s cconom|c+s cu|tu|+|s c soc|+|s +c+b+|+m com os
+o|ocs o||c|cnc|+oos oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto oos ovos |o cnt+nto cx||c+ocs oc um+
ctnoc||m+to|og|+
.
c|c|+ oc octc|m|n|smos b|o|og|cos ou |+c|+|s tcnt+m scm cx|to cx||c+|
oc |o|m+ ouco ct|c+ c c|cnt|||c+ css+ ||c+ |ctc|ogcnc|o+oc |um+n+ (||^|O|| +,,;) |+|+
Ooum (+,s,) +s s|tu+ocs oo munoo |c+| u+sc scm|c |nc|ucm comoncntcs +mb|cnt+|s so-
c|+|s c o||t|cos uc nio sc scg|cg+m c+so sc busuc |nvcst|g+| |ob|cm+s oc |o|m+ c||t|c+ ^
+n+||sc oc u+|uc| |cnomcno ocvc |cst+bc|ccc| c|os +|t|oos uc v|c|+m + sc| oom|n+ntcs
+os + |cvo|uio |noust||+| |cstc scnt|oo |+z-sc |m|csc|no|vc| busc+| + +n+||sc ||sto||c+ bus-
c+noo + gcncsc oo |ob|cm+ Como n+scc |ob|cm+t|c+ como sc o+ su+ t|+,cto||+ ||sto||c+
su+s |utu|+s c cont|+o|ocs bcm como su+ +|t|cu|+io com out|os oom|n|os oo munoo |c+|
^ss|m ||+mono (+,,;) c Ooum (+,s,) |c|tc|+m + |oc|+ oc uc o csu|s+oo| nio ooc |couz||
tuoo +o |+to soc|+| ou + +bo|o+gcm tccn|c+ o|s csscs oom|n|os sc com|cmcnt+m c nio cx||-
c+m |so|+o+mcntc um o+oo |ob|cm+ o|s + +n+||sc oos |+tos ocvc sc| s|stcm|c+ |cstc mb|to
os comoncntcs +mb|cnt+|s c cnc|gct|cos c su+s |ntc|+ocs ocvcm sc| cons|oc|+oos ocnt|o oo
contcxto |nvcst|g+t|vo oos |cnomcnos |cssc scnt|oo o |||oso|o ^||stotc|cs (,s| +C) |c|tc|+ uc
o |c+| t+mbcm c +bst|+to tuoo n+scc c|cscc c|cg+ +o +|cc occ||n+ c +occc scnoo o|t+nto
+ss|vc| oc sc| com|ccno|oo + +|t|| oc um+ +bo|o+gcm cvo|uc|on+||+ |ss+ conccio c|c||c+ c
cvo|uc|on|st+ c + b+sc o+ tco||+ oc |+|w|n (+so,-+ss.) uc cons|oc|+ como mo|+ |ou|so|+ o+
cvo|uio + +o+t+io oos sc|cs v|vos +o mc|o +mb|cntc como oc||v+io oo c|c|to comb|n+oo
o+ sc|cio n+tu|+| cnt|c cscc|cs c mut+ocs +|c+to||+s |c|+c|on+o+s com o +mb|cntc gcog|+||co
c o c||m+ |+|+ |+|w|n c+o+ sc| ou g|uo oc |no|v|ouos cvo|u| ocnt|o oc su+ t|+,cto||+ o|s o
+mb|cntc c o |+to| oc||n|oo| ocss+s o||c|cn+s
^ v|sio cvo|uc|on|st+ sc||+ t|+ns|c||o+ oc |o|m+ s|m||st+ +|+ o concc|to oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+
cconom|+ c|+ss|c+ + +|t|| o+ ob|+ ||ucz+ o+s |+ocs oc ^o+m m|t| (+;;e) |+|+ cstc cco-
nom|st+ mooc|no + cconom|+ ocvc||+ sc| ||v|c +t|+vcs o+ tco||+ o+ mio |nv|s|vc| c o mc|c+oo
tc||+ + |unio oc |cgu|+| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto cconom|co o+s n+ocs c s+t|s|+zc| +s ncccss|o+ocs
oc |ooutos c sc|v|os o+s csso+s |st+ v|sio ||bc|+| c ut|||t+||st+ o+ cconom|+ |couz|||+ cst+ c|-
. c|mo cm|cg+oo o| cg+w+ (.oo,) cm |cb|c C|c| |otc on |nv||onmcnt+| Con|o|t ||sto|y
|||son |+t|st+
so
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
cnc|+ + um s|stcm+ |cc|+oo scm |c|+io o||ct+ com os ccoss|stcm+s n+tu|+|s c |sto |n||ucnc|+||+
+ mo||o|og|+ c o u|b+n|smo o+s c|o+ocs mooc|n+s o|s +s c|o+ocs sc||+m mo|o+o+s c|+ ncccs-
s|o+oc oo s|stcm+ c+|t+||st+ c nio c|+ su+ voc+io b|ogcog|+||c+ c c||m+t|c+ |st+ v|sio c|ou|+
+tc os o|+s +tu+|s o|s + cconom|+ ncoc|+ss|c+ c conccb|o+ no |no|v|ouo o|to |+c|on+| uc busc+
scm|c m+x|m|z+| su+s ut|||o+ocs +t|+vcs oo cu|||b||o o+ |c|+io o|c|t+-ocm+no+ scm sc |c-
ocu+| sc cst+ m+x|m|z+io tc|+ |m+ctos sob|c o +mb|cntc n+tu|+| ou soc|+|
Os ncoc|+ss|cos ocscnvo|vc|+m o|vc|s+s co||cntcs cconom|c+s
,
uc tcnt+v+m cx||c+| o oc-
scnvo|v|mcnto oo+s |couzcm o munoo |c+| + m+tcm+t|cos com o|nm|c+s oc c|csc|mcnto
cconom|co oc cu|to |+zo ncg+noo + comoncntc n+tu|+| c cnc|gct|c+ ocstcs ccn+||os |o
cnt+nto cont|+||+mcntc + cst+ v|sio |couc|on|st+ n+ occ+o+ oc eo o cconom|st+ Cco|gcs-
cu-|ocgcn (+,;+) ut|||z+noo-sc oos concc|tos o+ . |c| o+ tc|moo|nm|c+ oc|cnoc uc o oc-
scnvo|v|mcnto cconom|co sc +||mcnt+ oos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s t|+ns|o|m+noo-os cm |ooutos
c sc|v|os cgunoo Cco|gcscu + u+nt|o+oc oc cnc|g|+ ut|||z+o+ no |occsso cconom|co
o|sc|s+ out|+ u+nt|o+oc oc cnc|g|+ nio o|son|vc| +|+ + |c+||z+io ocst+s +t|v|o+ocs |+|-
tc ocst+ cnc|g|+ tom+ + |o|m+ oc o|u|io uc ocg|+o+ c +mc++ o mc|o +mb|cntc n+tu|+| c
u|b+no o|m|nu|noo + c++c|o+oc oc |cs|||cnc|+ c +uto-|cgcnc|+io o+ n+tu|cz+ |o| ||m Cc-
o|gcscu (+,;+) conc|u| uc + cconom|+ c o|t+nto o ocscnvo|v|mcnto ocvc sc| +||mcnt+oo
o| |occssos oc b+|x+ cnt|o|+ c uc + cconom|+ nio c um |occsso |cc|+oo uc +||mcnt+
+ s| mcsm+ m+s s|m +bc|to uc tcm c|o+s cnc|gct|c+s cons|oc|+vc|s t|+ns|o|m+o+s cm |c-
,c|tos uc nio oocm m+|s sc| ut|||z+oos no |occsso oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto |+|+ Cco|gcscu
(+,;+) + so|uio c um mooc|o oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto b+sc+oo cm |ontc |cnov+vc|s c ||m+s oc
+|to ooc| cnc|gct|co c oc b+|x+ cnt|o|+ |+|+ Cco|gcscu cm um +mb|cntc oc csc+sscz oos
|ccu|sos n+tu|+|s + soc|co+oc |cc|s+|+ +|cnoc| + sc ocscnvo|vc| occ|csccnoo c +s c|o+ocs
ocvcm +m||+| su+ c||c|cnc|+ no uso oc |ccu|sos
cgunoo |+|conocs ||||o (+,,|) |+zcnoo um b+|+no oos u|t|mo ;oo |c oocmos cst+bc|c-
cc| uc o su|g|mcnto o+ |o+oc mooc|n+ c su+s |nov+ocs c|cnt|||c+s c||+|+m um+ nov+ v|sio oc
un|vc|so |omcm c n+tu|cz+ |st+ muo+n+ oc +|+o|gm+
|
|o|c|ou +s ocscobc|t+s c|cnt|||c+s
|cvo|uc|on+||+s no c+mo o+ ||s|c+ c +st|onom|+ + +|t|| oc cstuoos oc Coc|n|co |c|c| |+-
con c |csc+|tcs |n|c|+oos ocsoc o sccu|o +, |+tos como +s ocscobc|t+s oc novos cont|ncntcs
+ v+|o||z+io o+ cu|tu|+ g|cco-|om+n+ c + ocsc|cn+ o+ |c||g|io oom|n+ntc cont||bu||+m +|+ +
muo+n+ oc mcnt+||o+oc + +|t|| oo sccu|o +e
, |nt|c c|+s + csco|+ oo cu|||b||o gc|+| + csco|+ oc V|cn+ + csco|+ |ng|cs+ + o+ tco||+ oos ,ogos oo c|csc|mcnto oo c+|t+| |u-
m+no o+ csco||+ ub||c+ monct+||st+ o+ cconom|+ o+ o|c|t+ cnt|c out|+s
| cgunoo ||un (+,ss) +uo C+v+|c+ntc (+,,s) o +|+o|gm+ cx||mc + o|n|io |cgcmon|c+ oom|n+ntc c v|gcntc sob|c octc|-
m|n+oo c+mo oo con|cc|mcnto c|cnt|co scnoo |ccon|cc|oo c|+ m+|o||+ o+ soc|co+oc ^ muo+n+ oc +|+o|gm+ s|gn|c+
|omc| com + o|ocm oom|n+ntc |m|+nt+oo-sc um+ nov+ con,untu|+ ou sc,+ um novo +|+o|gm+
|cscnvo|v|mcnto cnc|g|+ c +mb|cnc|+ u|b+n+ um+ +bo|o+gcm ||sto||c+
s+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
^ntcs oo sccu|o +e o +|+o|gm+ v|gcntc c|+ o tcoccnt||smo scnoo |cus + ||gu|+ oom|n+ntc
uc +t|+vcs o+ |c||g|io un|||c+v+ o cosmo O munoo c|+ |cg|oo c|+ |c||g|io
,
c|o oc ||g+io cnt|c
+ v|o+ tc||cn+ c o un|vc|so uc +ssum|+ um+ os|io ccnt|+| no |occsso oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto
o+s soc|co+ocs |c +co|oo com |ubc|m+m (+,se) ncstc +no|+m+ + c|cnc|+ ocscnvo|v|+ + s+-
bcoo||+ cm |o| o+ |c||g|io cnu+nto + |c|+io cnt|c |omcm c n+tu|cz+ c|+ oc c+|+tc| +cn+s
o|gn|co c|cct|vo c n+tu|+||st+
e
|sto c +|t|cu|+|mcntc vc|o+oc||o sc obsc|v+mos + gcomc-
t||+ o+s c|o+ocs mco|cv+|s c + |n||ucnc|+ o+s cngcn|os+s c tccno|og|c+s (+|+ + coc+) c+tco|+|s
got|c+s uc c|+ o ccnt|o un|||c+oo| o+ v|o+ u|b+n+ cgunoo |+v+|cto (.ooe) ] c somcntc +
+|t|| oos mc+oos oo sccu|o +; uc vio sc m+tc||+||z+| +s m+|o|cs |utu|+s com cst+ o|ocm oc
cns+mcnto m+|c+o+mcntc com + +sccnsio oo |+c|on+||smo ]
Com o +ovcnto o+ |cvo|uio c|cnt|||c+ oo sccu|o +, contcst+ocs oc c|cnt|st+s como Coc|-
n|co c |c|c| oc uc + tc||+ nio c|+ o ccnt|o oo un|vc|so ucst|on+ tooo o s|stcm+ tcoccnt||-
co +tc cntio v|gcntc cgunoo ||m+ (.oo+) +s |c|ut+ocs c|cnt|||c+s sc |o|t+|cccm + +|t|| oc
|nvcst|g+ocs oc C+|||cu uc com|ov+ + tco||+ oc Coc|n|co c |c|c| cstuo+noo + m+tc||+ c
+ uco+ oos co|os |m su+ tco||+ C+|||cu |couz o un|vc|so c + c|cnc|+ c +s +|c+s oc s+bc| cn-
t|c c|+s + +|u|tctu|+ o u|b+n|smo u+nt|||c+io c +o c+mo o+ m+tcm+t|c+ c o+ ||s|c+ |ss+
m+tcm+t|z+io sc cnt|c|++ com os |o||os concc|tos |um+n|st+s c cconom|cos no c+mo
soc|o|og|co c no o|scu|so oout||n+||o ou sc,+ obsc|v+-sc + ncccss|o+oc oc um +m+|o tco||co
uc v|s+v+ co|oc+| + +|u|tctu|+ c u|b+n|smo como c+tcgo||+ oc c|cnc|+ O |+nc,+mcnto sc||+
+m+|+oo o| |o|mu|+s |cg|+s |+c|on+|s c csucm+s tco||cos uc oc||n|||+m + noio oc o|ocm
u|b+n+ Os +|u|tctos c u|b+n|st+s oo sccu|o +, busc+v+m um+ |o|mu|+ +|+ oc||n|| cs+os c
cscc|||c+mcntc um |nst|umcnto |+c|on+||st+ oc como c|cg+| |o|m+ |oc+| |+|mon|os+ |+|+
os +|u|tctos |t+||+nos como ||unc||csc|| c ^|bc|t| +mbos oo sccu|o +, + +|u|tctu|+ c|+ um+
c|cnc|+ suc||o| +ss|m como + |||oso||+ + |cto||c+ + m+tcm+t|c+ c + gcomct||+ co|||c+| c u|b+n|-
z+| +|+ c|cs c|+ um |occsso cst||t+mcntc |ntc|cctu+| o|s moo|||c+| + +|s+gcm c|+ um +to oc
|ntc|vcnio m+tc||+| n+ n+tu|cz+ v|s+noo co|||g|| oc||c|cnc|+s oc +o+t+io oo |omcm + tc||+
|ntc|v|| no n+tu|+| c|+ o||c|o oc g|+noc |csons+b|||o+oc c +|+ t+| |cuc||+ g|+noc c++c|o+oc
|ntc|cctu+| tco||z+io oo ob,cto (co|||c|o ou u|b+n|smo) |+c|on+||z+io oc |occo|mcntos c
subm|ssio + um s|stcm+ oc |cg|+s
|ostc||o|mcntc cstuoos c|cnt|||cos oc |+con oc||ncm como ||nc|+| ob,ct|vo o+ c|cnc|+ mo-
oc|n+ + oom|n+io c cont|o|c o+ n+tu|cz+ + +|t|| oo s+bc| |ntc|cctu+| |um+no O con|cc|-
mcnto ocvc +go|+ cx||c+| |+c|on+|mcntc tooos os |cnomcnos v|s|vc|s conc|ctos ou +bst|+tos
, |+|+ |+|conocs ||||o (+,,| |,) +tc o sccu|o +| + |g|c,+ +tu+v+ ||g|o+ c |ntcns+mcntc sc sob|conoo +o |o||o ooc| oo
cst+oo ou n+io |nucnc|+noo os m+|s o|vc|sos c+mos o+ v|o+ soc|+| ||nc|+|mcntc n+ |oso+ ct|c+ +|tcs cu|tu|+ o||t|c+
c c|cnc|+ o+ coc+
e |+|+ |+|conocs ||||o (+,,| .,) + v|o+ c o ocscnvo|v|mcnto cm tooos os scto|cs o+ v|o+ soc|+| c|+m |ooutos o+ obsc|v+io
+o mc|o +mb|cntc s|m||c|o+oc ||m|t|v+ c |csc|to +os |cnomcnos c c|c|os o+ n+tu|cz+ c||+oos o| |cus
|||son |+t|st+
s:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
mcnt+|s ou b+sc+oos n+ cxc||cnc|+ |ss+ v|sio c com|cmcnt+o+ no sccu|o +; o| |csc+|tcs
uc c|+bo|+ o mctooo c+|tcs|+no |couz|noo + c|cnc|+ + |nst|umcntos tccn|cos ^ conccio
c+|tcs|+n+ |o|t+|ccc + v|sio b+con|+n+ oo |omcm como oom|n+oo| o+ n+tu|cz+ c const|uto| o+
||sto||+ o+ |um+n|o+oc c o+s c|o+ocs
cgunoo Cont| (+,se) + soc|co+oc mc|c+nt|| oc m+|o||+ |otcst+ntc n+ |u|o+ ,ust|||c+v+ + cx|o-
|+io o+ n+tu|cz+ c + moo|||c+io o+ +|s+gcm +|+ ||ns u|b+nos |c +co|oo com ||un (+,ss) +
+|t|| oc tcscs tco|og|c+s oc o||gcm ,uo+|co-c||stio c oc |oco|og|+s ||bc|+|s |cg|t|m+v+m + t|+ns|c-
|cnc|+ oc +t|vos +mb|cnt+|s com o +|gumcnto oc uc + ||n+||o+oc o+ n+tu|cz+ c sc|v|| o |omcm
|cst+ |o|m+ cst+s conc|usocs tco|og|c+s som+o+s +s +|||m+t|v+s c|cnt|||c+s o||t|c+s c |oco|og|c+s
c||+m + b+sc +|+ o c|csc|mcnto oo comc|c|o |ntc|n+c|on+| c o su|g|mcnto oc nov+s c|o+ocs c|o
munoo ^s conc|usocs +ssoc|+o+s +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo mc|c+nt|||smo c||+m +s b+scs +|+ o
c+|t+||smo |noust||+| +||cc|+oo n+ cx|o|+io oo mc|o +mb|cntc cnu+nto comoncntc |no|s-
cns+vc| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c o |og|csso |um+no | +s c|o+ocs ncstc contcxto sio +s b+scs
||s|c+s +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto ocstc |og|csso O |csu|t+oo ocst+ nov+ |c|+io cnt|c soc|co+oc c
n+tu|cz+ const|u|o+ ocsoc o sccu|o +, t|+ouz|u-sc nos u|t|mos u+t|o sccu|os como s|non|mo oc
|ontc |ncsgot+vc| oc ||ucz+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+s n+ocs |o mb|to o+s c|o+ocs o c|csc|mcn-
to ou|+c|on+| cnt|o|co c oc oocn+s cnocm|c+s +os + |cvo|uio |noust||+| c + c||+io oc
|+b||c+s u|b+n+s +m||+m o ||uxo oc cnc|g|+ c|o+oc-c+mo C|cscc t+mbcm o +umcnto oc ocs|-
gu+|o+ocs soc|+|s c +s |ns+t|s|+ocs o| +|tc oc |ntc|cctu+|s como C|+||cs |ou||c| (+;;.-+s,;) uc
|ooc no |ug+| oc ccnt|os u|b+nos cnt|o|cos oocntcs c |ns+|ub|cs os c|+m+oos |+|+nstc||os c |+-
m|||stc||os |o|||c+ocs cst+s uc +g|u+||+m |oo |+m|||+s c+o+ v|vcnoo cm comun|o+ocs c cooc-
|+t|v|smo +utonomo |noccnocntc oo |st+oo |ou||c| sc +ntcvc +o soc|+||smo ||bc|t+||o c +ntcc|+
|o,ctos ostc||o|cs como os sov|ctcs c +s comun+s +utonom+s
Com os +v+nos o+ |noust||+ (sccu|o .+) +s |c|+ocs +ntcs t|+o|c|on+|s c oc b+|xo |m+cto +m-
b|cnt+| +ss+m + sc| cconom|c|st+s c |co+to||+s +o mc|o +mb|cntc ^s c|o+ocs cont|nu+m +
c|cscc| ocso|ocn+o+mcntc +o|+o+s c|+ cvo|uio c|cnt|||co-tccno|og|c+ cm cu|so |cstc +-
no|+m+ + ucstio o+ c++c|o+oc oc suo|tc o+ n+tu|cz+ |o| |gno|+o+ c|+ soc|co+oc |noust||+|
|sto t|+ouz|u-sc cm c||scs soc|+|s |o|||c|+io oc oocn+s c c||scs cconom|c+s ||nc|+|mcntc
nos u|t|mos +,o +nos om+oos + cst+ |noust||+||z+io + |nvcnio o+ m+u|n+ + v+o| o+ c|c-
t||c|o+oc c oo t|+nso|tcs |ooov|+||os c ||o|o-|c||ov|+||os oc |ntcnso consumo cnc|gct|co |oss||
oss|b|||tou c||c|cnc|+ c |oout|v|o+oc cm |+|g+ csc+|+ nos +mb|cntcs u|b+nos +m||+noo |nc|u-
s|vc + ,o|n+o+ oc t|+b+||o c o consumo oc |nsumos
O ocscnvo|v|mcnto |+b||| como noio oc |og|csso +ss+ + sc| +ssoc|+oo +o s|stcm+ ccono-
m|co c+|t+||st+ cgunoo |ot+ (.oo+) o ocscnvo|v|mcnto cconom|co +ss+ + sc| cons|oc|+oo
como |nouto| oo |og|csso uoo |sto |css|on+ um+ co|||o+ c+|t+||st+ oc |oouio c comc-
t|io cconom|c+ oc |ooutos cm o|vc|sos +|scs cu|ocus ^|no+ +|+ |ot+ (.oo+) o |m+cto
|cscnvo|v|mcnto cnc|g|+ c +mb|cnc|+ u|b+n+ um+ +bo|o+gcm ||sto||c+
s,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
ocst+ comct|io c t|+ouz|o+ n+ |couio oc s+|+||os o|m|nu|ocs oc custos oc |oouio c oc
mio oc ob|+ O |omcm u|b+no to|n+-sc |nsumo oc b+|xo custo + +|t|| o+ cx|o|+io o+ mio
oc ob|+ csc|+v+ |cm|n|n+ c |n|+nt|| Cont|+||os + cssc ccn+||o su|gcm n+ |u|o+ |c+ocs + cst+
cono|io mc|c+oo|og|c+ oo |omcm c o+ ocg|+o+io o u|b+n+ conc|ct|z+o+ cm mov|mcntos
o||t|cos oo oc|+||+oo
;
|cst+ |o|m+ + noio oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c |og|csso +ss+ + sc| ucs-
t|on+o+ no uc t+ngc scus +scctos oc n+tu|cz+ +cn+s o||t|c+ c soc|+| cm oct||mcnto o+ o|-
mcnsio +mb|cnt+| c u|b+n+ +|no+ nio o|scut|o+
|o mb|to cconom|co-soc|+| + |cvo|uio |noust||+| c c+|t+||st+ oos u|t|mos .oo +nos |css|onou
os t|+b+||+oo|cs oo c+mo +|+ +s c|o+ocs |ovoc+noo o c|csc|mcnto ocso|ocn+oo oc com|c-
xos ocmog|+||cos muno|+|s |ovoc+noo o|u|io c|ocm|+s b+|x+ u+||o+oc oc v|o+ c ocg|+o+-
io +mb|cnt+| cm |+t|c+mcntc tooos os +|scs bc|os o+ |cvo|uio |noust||+| (||||O|| +,ss)
cgunoo |ot+ (.oo+) +|+ uc o c+|t+||smo |noust||+| sc ocscnvo|vcssc |o| ncccss+||o c||+| +s
cono|ocs |oc+|s oc +umcnto oo ooc| oc com|+ o+ ou|+io uc |o| conscgu|oo com + |nst|-
tu|io oo s+|+||o c oo |omcm u|b+no consum|oo| ^ c||+io ocstc |ovcnto subst|tu|u +s +nt|g+s
|c|+ocs oc t|+b+||o g+|+nt|noo um m|n|mo mc|c+oo oc consumo o+ |oouio |+b||| n+s c|o+ocs
O out|o onto c|+vc c|+ o|so| oc m+tc||+ ||m+ su||c|cntc uc c|m|t|ssc + cx+nsio o+ ccono-
m|+ |noust||+||z+o+ |st+s |csc|v+s +mb|cnt+|s |o|+m conscgu|o+s com + |nst|tu|io oo |cg|mc |m-
c||+||st+ +oot+oo c|+s n+ocs |cgcmon|c+s O |mc||+||smo +m||ou os mc|c+oos consum|oo|cs
o+ |oouio |noust||+| cu|oc|+ + +|t|| o+ |nv+sio bc||c+ oc out|os cont|ncntcs |sto sc ocu |nv+-
o|noo out|+s c|o+ocs +ss|m como +contcccu n+ +nt|gu|o+oc com o |mc||o |om+no |st+ |oco|o-
g|+ oc oom|n+io |mc||+||st+ oc um+ c|+ssc sob|c + out|+ tcnoo como +|co +s c|o+ocs cstcnocu-
sc +|+ + oom|n+io o+ n+tu|cz+ |+st+ obsc|v+|mos cm um ||mc||o momcnto + csc|+v|z+io
c c||m|n+io oc soc|co+ocs |c-c+|t+||st+s cm cont|ncntcs conu|st+oos c|os cu|ocus como
^|||c+ Occ+n|+ c ^mc||c+ c cm um scgunoo momcnto + |ntcns+ +io oc |||+gcm oc ou|o |+t+
mct+|s |cc|osos c |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s c scu ||uxo +|+ +s c|o+ocs mct|oo||t+n+s o+ |u|o+ |ccu|sos
cstcs ,+ csc+ssos cm +|scs bc|os o+ |cvo|uio |noust||+| como ||+n+ c |ng|+tc||+ c |o,c b+st+ntc
o|son|vc| cm +|scs como o ||+s|| c cont|ncntc +|||c+no
^ soc|co+oc |noust||+| c scus mooc|os oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto |oouz||+m o|u|io c ocv+st+io
n+tu|+| cm o|vc|sos cont|ncntcs |o+ +|tc occo||cntc oc mooc|os soc|+|s c u|b+no cxc|uocntcs c
cnc|g|vo|os cnvo|vcnoo |ntc|csscs +cn+s cconom|cos c |mco|+t|st+s scm +ocs oc |+nc,+mcn-
to oc mco|o ou |ongo |+zo |+|+ C||+vcn+to (+,s,) c |o|+oo|| (.oo+) cstc concc|to o+ n+tu|cz+
como |ontc oc +cumu|o oc ||ucz+s |o| const|u|oo ocsoc + |cvo|uio |noust||+| c|os +|scs ocscn-
vo|v|oos scnoo |nc|cntc +o +|+o|gm+ c+|t+||st+ +tu+| bcnc||c|+oo| oc um+ m|no||+ muno|+| cm
oct||mcnto oc um+ c|csccntc c subu|b+n+ m+|o||+ ob|c scm ncn|um ooc| oc cn||cnt+mcnto
; cgunoo |ot+ (.oo+ .s) ocnt|c os mov|mcntos uc c||t|c+m ou|+mcntc o s|stcm+ c+|t+||st+ |noust||+| oocmos c|t+|
+n+|u|st+s mov|mcntos ||bc|t+||os |uo|st+s soc|+||st+s comun|st+s c||stios c |otcst+ntcs ^|guns m+|s |+o|c+|s t|n|+m como
b+noc||+ oc |ut+ + com|ct+ ocst|u|io oo s|stcm+ |+b||| c + vo|t+ oo s|stcm+ +|tcs+n+|
|||son |+t|st+
s
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
O con|||to cnt|c ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnc|+ c oom|n+io o+ n+tu|cz+ ,+ nos sccu|os +, c .o |o-
ouz|u guc||+s muno|+|s c ocu+ocs co|on|+||st+s o| tooo o g|obo |o| c c |csons+vc| o| |n-
vcnocs oc m+u|n+s mo|t||c|+s uc ||u|o+m oc c|o+ocs +s csso+s c o mc|o +mb|cntc ^ cx-
|osio +tom|c+ cm +,|, |c|cscntou cstc ooc| oc +ssoc|+io cnt|c ocscnvo|v|mcnto c s+bc|
c|cnt|||co v|s+noo ocst|u|io oo sc| |um+no oc su+s c|o+ocs c oo scu s|stcm+ n+tu|+| oc +o|o
+ v|o+ |+|+|c|+mcntc + |sto ocs+st|cs +mb|cnt+|s u|b+nos cm o|vc|s+s +|tcs oo munoo som+-
oos + costumcs c |+b|tos c|ou|+||os oc g|+noc |m+cto +mb|cnt+| vcm cx+u||noo os |ccu|sos
utc|s + v|o+ |um+n+ no |+nct+ tc||+ oo+ ocg|+o+io +mb|cnt+| oco|||o+ +o |ongo oo u|t|mo
sccu|o sc|v|u +|+ most|+| + c++c|o+oc ocst|ut|v+ oo +tu+| +|+o|gm+ oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c
scu |occsso oc u|b+n|z+io uc num c||ooo oc t|cs sccu|os conscgu|u ocscst+b|||z+| tooo o
cu|||b||o b|o|og|co no g|obo tc||cst|c cu|m|n+noo no c|+m+oo +ucc|mcnto g|ob+| Contuoo
scu ooc| oc ocv+st+io so |o| c|ccb|oo cm tcmos |cccntcs to|n+noo-sc +tu+|mcntc um+
o+s m+|o|cs |cocu+ocs muno|+|s
O s|stcm+ cconom|co v|gcntc vcm +|cscnt+noo s|n+|s oc cn||+ucc|mcnto ||nc|+|mcntc n+ cs-
|c|+ soc|o+mb|cnt+| O ocscm|cgo + ob|cz+ c + ocg|+o+io o+ n+tu|cz+ sio |ob|cm+s uc sc-
cu|+|mcntc + cconom|+ nio conscgu|u |cso|vc| |sto |cvc|+ o n|vc| oc |nsustcnt+b|||o+oc ocstc mo-
oc|o oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto Obsc|v+-sc uc + c||sc +mb|cnt+| co|oc+ cm ucstio os |uno+mcntos
cconom|c|st+s oo +tu+| mooc|o |cstc contcxto su|gcm nov+s co||cntcs cconom|c+s + cco|og|c+
oc b+sc ||s|co-cnc|gct|c+ c + +mb|cnt+| oc cun|o cconom|c|st+ nco||bc|+| ^mb+s +|cscnt+m-sc
como ou+s oss|b|||o+ocs oc |nco|o|+|cm os |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s |+c|on+||o+oc cconom|c+
|+|+ + nov+ cconom|+ +mb|cnt+| oc b+sc ncoc|+ss|c+ ocvcmos +t||bu|| |c|s |cg|+s c |cos +os +t|-
vos +mb|cnt+|s |o uc t+ngc ocg|+o+io +mb|cnt+| c os ocscu|||b||os cco|og|cos cstcs sc||+m
|cso|v|oos c|o mc|c+oo | um+ |cv|sio oo munoo o|m|nu|noo-o + cs|c|+ oo c+|t+| +go|+ cm su+
|+sc cco|og|c+ (|||| .oo+) ^ cconom|+ ncoc|+ss|c+ nio c+|t+||z+ o uc nio sc ooc monoo||z+|
o|s c o||cc|on+o+ +cn+s + |ccu|sos uc oc cc|t+ |o|m+ cstc,+m |c|+c|on+oos com + |o||co+oc
||v+o+ c o mc|c+oo |+ + cconom|+ cco|og|c+ c b+sc+o+ n+ +n+||sc cnc|gct|c+ c n+ c++c|o+oc oc
suo|tc c cx|o|+io +mb|cnt+| |uno+mcnt+noo-sc nos ||m|tcs ||s|cos o+ b|os|c|+ |st+ co||cntc
|ooc um+ cconom|+ cst+c|on+||+ ocv|oo tcnocnc|+ c|csccntc o+ ou|+io muno|+| o uc
ooc||+ +c+b+| com +s |csc|v+s muno|+|s oc cnc|g|+ c +||mcntos cm um munoo ||n|to cm |ccu|sos
|+|+ + cconom|+ cco|og|c+ um c|csc|mcnto |||m|t+oo c |moss|vc| m+|s ooc sc| ot|m|z+oo c|c-
g+noo + um |occsso cst+vc| c cu|||b|+oo oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto |stc +|gumcnto con||ont+-sc com
+ cconom|+ ncoc|+ss|c+ onoc + csscnc|+ c + +cumu|+io scm ||m|tcs oo c+|t+|
O uc concc|nc |oost+ o+s ou+s co||cntcs obsc|v+-sc uc + cconom|+ ncoc|+ss|c+ +m-
b|cnt+| oc|cnoc + |+c|on+||o+oc oo mc|c+oo + tccno|og|+ c + b|otccno|og|+ cnu+nto so|uocs
+|+ |cvc|tc| c||sc +mb|cnt+| c u|b+n+ uc nos +sso|+ cgunoo ||+um (.oo+) os oc|cnso|cs o+
cconom|+ cco|og|c+ +|cscnt+m cnu+nto so|uio +|+ + |cvc|sio oo u+o|o +mb|cnt+| + v|o+
|cscnvo|v|mcnto cnc|g|+ c +mb|cnc|+ u|b+n+ um+ +bo|o+gcm ||sto||c+
s,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
cm comun|o+ocs +utosu||c|cntcs b+sc+o+s cm tccno|og|+s +ss|v+ oc cucn+ csc+|+ ^ |oc|+ c
tot+|mcntc cont|+||+ +os ||nc||os +cumu|+t|vos oo c+|t+| ^mb+s +s co||cntcs +|cccm |+||+s
o|s nio +bo|o+m o nuc|co c +s c+us+s o+ c||sc +mb|cnt+| |ntc|||g+o+s o||ct+mcntc c|+ |c|+-
io |oouio-consumo gc|+oos c|o +tu+| +|+o|gm+ ^mbos os o|scu|sos +mb|cnt+|s +|cccm
|nc||c+zcs +|+ o|+gnost|c+| os vc|o+oc||os |ob|cm+s o+ c||sc +mb|cnt+| c u|b+n+ uc +|ct+ +
|um+n|o+oc no sccu|o .+ |+|+ |sto |+z-sc ncccss+||+ um+ nov+ +bo|o+gcm oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto
|nco|o|+noo ncst+ +n+||sc +|cm o+s o|mcnsocs cconom|c+s c +mb|cnt+|s +s v+||+vc|s o||t|c+s
soc|+|s c cs+c|+|s (^C| +,,|)
|c +co|oo com +c|s (+,,|) no mb|to cs+c|+| ocvcmos |ccns+| o cs+o u|b+no ocnt|o oos
||nc||os oc sustcnt+b|||o+oc v|s+noo + |+b|t+b|||o+oc |oc+| c g|ob+| |+|+ uc sc,+ +|c+n+oo
cstc ob,ct|vo sc|+ ncccss+||o |+c|on+||z+| o uso cnc|gct|co |ccst|utu|+| +s |unocs u|b+n+s c +|-
u|tcton|c+s | ncccss+||o +|no+ |couz|| + |cg+o+ |co|og|c+
s
oc scus |+b|t+ntcs o|s os |ob|c-
m+s c |m+ctos +mb|cnt+|s gc|+oos n+s c|o+ocs t|+nsbo|o+m +|+ o cnto|no |u|+| c tc|||to||+|
+|ct+noo too+ + b|os|c|+ ^ sustcnt+b|||o+oc u|b+n+ c cono|io csscnc|+| +|+ sc ||c+| + c||sc +m-
b|cnt+| uc +t|+vcss+ o |+nct+ o|s c n+ c|o+ocs onoc os ||uxos oc cnc|g|+ sc ocst|n+m
3. Sociedades, cidades e energia
|c +co|oo com |osso |utu|o Comum (+,,+) um ccn+||o sustcnt+vc| so sc|+ conscgu|oo com +
|couio oo consumo cnc|gct|co cm tooos os scto|cs oo |occsso oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto |+|s oo
uc + |m|cmcnt+io oc nov+s tccno|og|+s |cnov+vc|s ocvcmos moo|||c+| + v|sio oos |+nc,+-
oo|cs c gcsto|cs u|b+nos bcm como + |c|+io |oouio-consumo oos |+b|t+ntcs oos +g|omc-
|+oos u|b+nos
,
bcnc||c|+noo soc|+| cco|og|c+ c cconom|c+mcntc +s c|o+ocs (^||| .oo+)
|ntcnoc-sc uc scm um+ nov+ mcnt+||o+oc mcsmo com + ut|||z+io oc cnc|g|+s |cnov+vc|s
+s csso+s ooc||+m ut|||z+-|+s +|+ ||ns |nsustcnt+vc|s v|s+noo +cn+s m+ntc| scus +o|ocs oc
consumo oc cnc|g|+ ^ s+|o+ c o|vc|s|||c+| + m+t||z cnc|gct|c+ oos ccnt|os u|b+nos Out|o +sso
s |+|+ |o||z (.oo+) + cg+o+ cco|og|c+ o||g|n+|mcntc con|cc|o+ como |co|og|c+| |oot||nt c concc|tu+o+ como um+ |c||+-
mcnt+ uc c|m|tc cont+b|||z+| c c+|cu|+| o consumo oc |ccu|sos c + c++c|o+oc oc gc|+io oc |cs|ouos |oouz|oos c|+ soc|c-
o+oc cm um+ octc|m|n+o+ +|c+ gcog|+c+ ||+ c|m|tc u+nt|c+| u+nt+ +|c+ |oout|v+ oc tc||+ c m+| sio ncccss+||os +|+
m+ntc| nosso +o|io oc v|o+ c +bso|vc| tooos os oc,ctos uc gc|+mos ^tu+|mcntc + cg+o+ cco|og|c+ oc +|scs como o ||^
c oc +o |cct+|cs o| csso+ cnu+nto + oo ||+s|| c oc ,+ |cct+|cs o| csso+ Ou sc,+ nos b|+s||c||os consum|mos c o|u|mos
cm mco|+s t|cs vczcs mcnos uc os +mc||c+nos
, |o +no oc +,s; + Com|ssio |uno|+| o+ O|| sob|c o |c|o ^mb|cntc c |cscnvo|v|mcnto (||C||) |cs|o|o+ o| C|o |+|-
|cm ||unot|+no c |+nsou| ||+||o +|cscntou um oocumcnto c|+m+oo Ou| Common |utu|c m+|s con|cc|oo o| |c|+to||o
||unot|+no O |c|+to||o o|z uc ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| c ocscnvo|v|mcnto uc s+t|s|+z +s ncccss|o+ocs oo |cscntc scm
com|omctc| + c++c|o+oc oc +s |utu|+s gc|+ocs s+t|s|+zc|cm su+s |o||+s ncccss|o+ocs |+|+ o +uto| ocstc +|t|go o concc|-
to c |+||o o|s + comoncntc s+t|s|+zc| +s ncccss|o+ocs |cscntcs Como c|t+ ^m+|ty+ cn (+,,,) o concc|to oc ncccss|o+oc
c s+t|s|+io c +m|o c sub,ct|vo O co||cto ocvc||+ sc| um ocscnvo|v|mcnto uc |csc|tc + c++c|o+oc oc suo|tc oos ccoss|s-
tcm+s |stc concc|to oo |c|+to||o ||unto|+no m+|s um+ vcz ||v||cg|+ + comoncntc cconom|c+
|||son |+t|st+
so
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
+ssoc|+oo c + |m|cmcnt+io oc um u|b+n|smo c +|u|tctu|+ sustcnt+vc| b+sc+o+ n+ +o+t+io
c||m+t|c+ |oc+| uc |couz||+ o consumo cnc|gct|co c + +|t+ cnt|o|+ |sto ooc sc| conscgu|oo
+t|+vcs oc s|stcm+s oc gcstio +mb|cnt+| +|ovc|t+mcnto oo otcnc|+| c||m+t|co c + |cc|c|+gcm
(^|V^ +,,;) |o cnt+nto o +|+o|gm+ cconom|c|st+ +||cc|+oo cm o||t|c+s nco||bc|+|s cn||+-
ucccu +s o||t|c+s u|b+n+s oo cst+oo +|ct+noo o||ct+mcntc o |occsso oc ocu+io tc|||to||+|
c u|b+no-|u|+| com |m+ctos nc|+stos sob|c + ou|+io m+|s ob|c c o mc|o +mb|cntc n+tu-
|+| (|O|||| +,,;) |stc |cnomcno c muno|+| c ,+ +cc|c|ou os ,+ c|on|cos |ob|cm+s +mb|cnt+|s
cnc|gct|co o+s c|o+ocs ||nc|+|mcntc no uc t+ngc +
| |o|u|io oos |ccu|sos ||o||cos +| c so|o cm occo||cnc|+ o+ cm|ssio oc o|ucntcs c|o
scto| |noust||+| +g||co|+ oomcst|co c oc t|+nso|tcs ^|cm oc |o|u|io sono|+ c v|su+|
occo||cntc oo +c|o m|o|+t|co-consum|st+
, ^umcnto o+ mcno|cnc|+ ob|cz+ u|b+n+ c oc +sscnt+mcntos |um+nos subno|m+|s
(|+vc|+s) cm occo||cnc|+ o+ conccnt|+io oc |cno+ oc+s|on+noo c|o+ oc cobc|tu|+
vcgct+| n+t|v+ ocsmo|on+mcntos c c|osocs oo so|o c |o|||c|+io oc cnocm|+s ocv|oo
|+|t+ oc s+nc+mcnto b+s|co c |ns+|ub||o+oc c+us+o+ c|+ conccnt|+io cs+c|+|
e ^umcnto oc tcnsocs soc|+|s +g|+||+s c u|b+n+s n+ |ut+ c|o +ccsso tc||+ c mo|+o|+ o|gn+
+o

; |nc|cmcnto +nu+| oo numc|o oc +utomot|vos c| c+|t+ oc+s|on+noo o|u|io oo

+| s+tu|+io o+ m+||+ oc c||cu|+io u|b+n+ +|cm oo +umcnto oc v|o|cnc|+ c mo|tcs no
t|ns|to bcm como o| |ob|cm+s |cs||+to||os
s ^umcnto oo numc|o oc v+z|os u|b+nos +umcnt+noo c cnc+|cccnoo + |n||+cst|utu|+
cnc|gct|c+ b+s|c+ ncccss+||+ +|+ + m+|o||+ ob|c o+s c|||c||+s
, |sccu|+io |mob|||+||+ +g|omc|+noo un|o+ocs |+b|t+c|on+|s cnc|g|vo|+s cm b+|||os
c+o+ vcz m+|s c||t|z+oos c |cc|+oos +|+ o |csto o+ c|o+oc (vc|o+oc||+s |||+s) ocm+no+n-
oo c+o+ vcz m+|s sc|v|os uc ncccss|t+m oc |n||+cst|utu|+s c|m+ncntcmcntc cm oc-
t||mcnto o+ m+|o||+ oos b+|||os o+ c|o+oc
|+ vc|o+oc +|tc oos ||nc|+|s |ob|cm+s cn||cnt+oos c|+s c|o+ocs cstio |c|+c|on+o+s |m-
|cmcnt+io oc mooc|os u|b+nos |ncom+t|vc|s com + |c+||o+oc gcog|+||c+ soc|ocu|tu|+| c
||nc|+|mcntc c||m+t|co-+mb|cnt+| |oc+|s |+|+ |+|conocs ||||o (+,,.) o cs+o u|b+no +s c|-
o+ocs g|ob+|s +b||g+ b+|||os oc c||tcs u|b+n+s c c|||c||+s |ns+|ub|cs oc ou|+ocs ob|cs +|cm
oc tc| c|cv+oo numc|o oc v+z|os u|b+nos c ocscn|os u|b+nos |n+ocu+oos |sto gc|+ |m+cto
+o |sto c contcmo|+nc+mcntc v|s|vc| no ||+s|| onoc os mov|mcntos soc|+|s +g|+||os como o |- |ov|mcnto oos |+b+||+oo-
|cs |u|+|s cm c||+ c u|b+nos como |ov|mcnto oos cm cto vcm c|csccnoo c g+n|+noo |o|+ soc|+| + c+o+ +no
|cscnvo|v|mcnto cnc|g|+ c +mb|cnc|+ u|b+n+ um+ +bo|o+gcm ||sto||c+
s)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
ncg+t|vo sob|c o con|o|to tc|m|co oos usu+||os o+s c|o+ocs cm v||tuoc o+ |n+ocu+io +m-
b|cnt+| o+s co|||c+ocs c o+ m+||+ u|b+n+ oc||c|cntc |st+s o|sto|ocs no cnt+nto gc|+|mcntc
+c+b+m o| sc|cm co|||g|o+s com o uso oc cu|+mcntos mccn|cos +|t+mcntc consum|oo|cs
oc cnc|g|+
++
c com + const|uio oc nov+s +vcn|o+s c o m+|o| consumo oc combust|vc|s |ossc|s
+|+ o ocs|oc+mcnto o+ ou|+io
^|cm oo +|to consumo cnc|gct|co o mooc|o oc |+nc,+mcnto muno|+| c b+sc+oo cm cx+cc|-
b+o+ csccu|+io ||n+ncc||+ consum|smo c oc so|uocs ccnt|+||z+oo|+s c |mco|+t|st+s oc cu|to
|+zo uc sio +||mcnt+o+s mu|t+s vczcs o| c||cntc||smos c o| um+ |oco|og|+ |no|v|ou+||st+
c||t|st+ c |||csons+vc| com o mc|o +mb|cntc Ou sc,+ + ou|+io oc um+ |o|m+ gc|+| c csc-
c|||c+mcntc + c||tc u|b+n+ uc nio conscguc |c|+c|on+| os scus +tos oc consumo c ocsc|o|c|o
oc |ccu|sos com os |ob|cm+s +mb|cnt+|s uc os +|ct+m (^|V^ +,,;) |stc mooc|o consum|st+
c m+ss|||c+oo cu|tu|+|mcntc |css|on+ ||cos c ob|cs + consum|| |ooutos +c|m+ oc su+ ncccs-
s|o+oc scm + m|n|m+ |+c|on+||o+oc +mb|cnt+| |m soc|co+oc uc c v||io c v|t|m+ +o mcsmo
tcmo oc scus +tos conv|vcnoo cm um +|s+gcm uc c|+ cont|o| c ocg|+o+ +o mcsmo tcmo
|o cnt+nto ncm scm|c +s soc|co+ocs ocg|+o+|+m + ||sto||+ o+ |um+n|o+oc +|cscnt+ + |c+|
+||c+io oc cst|+tcg|+s b|oc||m+t|c+s |mo|t+ntcs |csoc + |c-||sto||+ +tc + |cccntc g|ob+||z+-
io o sc| |um+no c||+ nov+s cono|ocs oc |+b|t+b|||o+oc moo|||c+noo o +mb|cntc const|u|oo
n+tu|+| c gcog|+||co ^ ||sto||+ o+ |um+n|o+oc ocmonst|+ uc ncm scm|c + |ntc||c|cnc|+ |u-
m+n+ n+ +|s+gcm |o| m+|c+o+ o| ocg|+o+io +mb|cnt+| c +ntcs os |m+ctos c|+m c||cunsc||-
tos + octc|m|n+o+s |cg|ocs +tu+|mcntc com + u|b+n|z+io +cc|c|+o+ cstcs |m+ctos +mb|cnt+|s
+ou||cm csc+|+ g|ob+|
^tc + |nvcnio o+ cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ cm +e,o + |uz n+tu|+| |ovcn|cntc oo so| c o uso o+ c|+m
|c|tos +t|+vcs oc |ogo toc|+s |+|c||+s c vc|+s ,+nc|+s c|+|+bo|+s c tccn|c+s cont|ut|v+s |c um+
|o|m+ gc|+| too+s +s +t|v|o+ocs uc cx|g|+m bo+ ||um|n+io c con|o|to c|+m |c+||z+o+s cnt|c o
n+scc| c o o| oo so| | ncccss+||o um |csg+tc n+ ||sto||+ o+ |um+n|o+oc +|+ c|ccbc|-sc uc
os usos o+ ||um|n+io n+tu|+| vcnt||+io +cust|c+ +|s+g|smo cnt|c out|+s cst|+tcg|+s b|oc||m+-
t|v+s c|+m cons|oc|+oos como um oos ||nc|+|s comoncntcs octc|m|n+ntcs oos |o,ctos oc
co|||c+ocs |u+s c |++s
cgunoo |+sc+|o (+,,o) o uso consc|cntc o+ cnc|g|+ +ss|v+ ,+ cm +,,o +C |o| cm|cg+o+
c|os |g|c|os nos tcm|os oc ^mmon |+|n+c c ^bu-s|mbc| c n+s |||m|ocs oc |cos ||c-
|cn c |||c||nos ncstcs s+ntu+||os oc |+ o |cus o| o c|xo oo tcm|o sc o||cnt+v+ +|+ o
ocntc ocstc +st|o |um|noso ||um|n+noo m|st|c+mcntc o |ntc||o| o+ co|||c+io |+s +|c+s u|-
++ |stc c o c+so oo |ntcnso uso oc +| cono|c|on+oo c ||um|n+io +|t|c|+| v|s+noo co|||g|| |ob|cm+s c+us+oos c|+ |+|t+ oc con-
|o|to +mb|cnt+| n+s const|uocs Out|+ c+|+ctc||st|c+ b|+s||c||+ c o uso |ntcnso oc +utomot|vos consum|oo|cs oc combust|vc|s
|ossc|s como + g+so||n+ c o o|csc| cm subst|tu|io ou como so|uio o+ ou|+io +|+ o occ|cntc s|stcm+ oc t|+nso|tc
ub||co o+s c|o+ocs
|||son |+t|st+
ss
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
b+n+s cxtc|n+s + ||v||cg|+o+ os|io |o|tc-u| c|+m cons|oc|+o+s +|+ |m|+nt+| t+|s tcm|os
|+s |cs|ocnc|+s c +|+c|os os cg||c|os us+v+m o +t|o +|+ ||um|n+| c |omovc| + vcnt||+io c
o cont|o|c o+ um|o+oc |+ |csootm|+ + vcgct+io c|+ ut|||z+o+ nos tc||+os o+s |cs|ocnc|+s
como cst|+tcg|+ oc c||+| m|c|oc||m+s v|s+noo o con|o|to tc|m|co o+s csso+s |+ |+b||on|+ o
o|ocn+mcnto oo tc|||to||o c const+t+oo no c|ntu|io oc|cns|vo onoc ||c+v+ + o|t+ oc ||st+|
c no s|t|o oo +|+c|o oc +|gio |st+ |cocu+io u|b+n+ t+mbcm c obsc|v+o+ n+ |c|s|+ n+ |+-
t+|o|m+ oc |c|sco||s (m+c|o oc tc||+ oc ,oom x ,oom x +,m oc +|tu|+) +onoc o +|+c|o oc
Xc|xcs |,e ^c cst+ |m+nt+oo O o|ocn+mcnto c v|sto t+mbcm n+ +|u|tctu|+ |no|+n+ (,oo
^c) no s|t|o u|b+no onoc sc cncont|+ o |mo|t+ntc tcm|o oc ||uv+n+m+|+| ^ +|u|tctu-
|+ |no|+n+ ||+ ostc||o|mcntc |n||ucnc|+| + +|u|tctu|+ c||ncs+ c ,+oncs+ com scus tc||+oos
|nc||n+oo c|+m+oos oc +goocs uc |omovcm mu|to somb|c+mcnto + co|||c+io |otc-
gcnoo +s +|cocs cont|+ + |n||ucnc|+ o+ |+o|+io o||ct+ c o cxccsso oc so| |stcs g|+nocs bc||+|s
o||cc|on+m o| c|c|tos +c|oo|nm|co con|cc|oo como c|c|to b+||c||+ o vcnto +|+ o |ntc||o|
oos +mb|cntcs |omovcnoo o con|o|to |o ccn+||o o+ c|v|||z+io ^stcc+ (++eo ^c) obsc|v+-sc
um g|+u oc o|ocn+io tc|||to||+| c oc b|oc||m+to|og|+ u|b+n+ +u|+o+ ooo os tcm|os t|n|+m
o|sos|io so|+| ||v||cg|+o+s c |tos oc |m|+nt+io como c o c+so oo tcm|o oc C|o|u|+
(com |+t+|o|m+ oc +;eooom`) um vc|o+oc||o com|cxo u|b+no com cst|+o+s c co|||c+ocs
cst|+tcg|c+mcntc |oc+||z+o+s |o c+so oos |nc+s os com|cxos v|+||os som+v+m +,ooo|m oc
cxtcnsio sm oc |+|gu|+ com +|t|tuocs v+||+noo oc ,ooo + |ooom oc +|tu|+ Out|+ |mo|t+ntc
ob|+ u|b+n+ c o com|cxo oc |+c|u ||cc|u c scus g|+noc tc||+os uc +com+n|+m + n+-
tu|cz+ oo |c|cvo oos +nocs um+ vc|osoc||+ ob|+ oc cngcn|+||+ +mb|cnt+| (||||O|| +,ss)
|+ n+ +|u|tctu|+ C|cg+ no sccu|o , +C os tcm|os mo|+o+s oos ocuscs g|cgos como zcus c
^o|o c|+m cst|+tcg|c+mcntc o||cnt+oos + |cstc Ocstc c||+noo um+ ||ngu+gcm ccn|c+ +t|+-
vcs o+ gcomct||+ so|+| uc |o|t+|cc|+ +|no+ m+|s o c+|+tc| s|mbo||co ocstcs tcm|os |c|tos +|+
sc|cm +|cc|+oos c nio |+b|t+oos como c o c+so oo o|ocn+mcnto oc ^tcn+s c su+ ^c|oo|c
Out|os cxcm|os sio +s c+s+s g|cg+s uc ossu|+m +t|os |ntc|nos uc t|n|+ como um+ oc su+s
|unocs cont|o|+| + um|o+oc vcnt||+| c c+t+| |uz n+tu|+| +|+ o |ntc||o| o+ co|||c+io +t|+vcs
oo +t||o ccnt|+| (||||||^ +,,,) ^|no+ n+ C|cc|+ oocmos c|t+| + |+|mon|+ oos tc+t|os g|cgos
como o oc ||on|s|o com su+ +cust|c+ c||c|t+ cng+st+o+ cm um t+|uoc (oc|cssio n+tu|+|)
^ ||sto||+ o+ |um+n|o+oc c c|mc+o+ +|no+ oc cxcm|+|cs oc co|||c+ocs onoc o uso o+ |uz
n+tu|+| c|+ um |mc|+t|vo no |o,cto u|b+no-+|u|tcton|co como cxcm|o oocmos c|t+| + ||u-
m|n+io zcn|t+| |oo|c|on+o+ c|+ Cuu|+ oo |+ntcon cm |om+ uc ocmonst|+ o ocscnvo|-
v|mcnto cst|utu|+| o+ +|u|tctu|+ |om+n+ m+s com |cocu+io +mb|cnt+| b+sc+o+ cm +|cos
c +bob+o+s c|m|t|noo + const|uio oc g|+nocs vios ||v|cs c o su|g|mcnto oc bo+s +bc|tu|+s
oc ||um|n+io n+tu|+| c vcnt||+io Out|o cxcm|o b||||+ntc n+ ||sto||+ u|b+n+ c +mb|cnt+| o+s
c|o+ocs c + const|uio oo Co||scu com c++c|o+oc +|+ soooo csso+s c o C||cus |+x|mus
com c++c|o+oc +|+ .,oooo cscct+oo|cs o|sostos con|o|t+vc|mcntc com ||um|n+io c vcn-
t||+io +ocu+o+s ^|no+ cm |om+ os |om+nos g+|+nt|+m +t|+vcs oc coo|gos c |c|s como o
|cscnvo|v|mcnto cnc|g|+ c +mb|cnc|+ u|b+n+ um+ +bo|o+gcm ||sto||c+
s,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
coo|go oc |ust|n|+no o o||c|to c +ccsso +o +ucc|mcnto oo so| (|^||||^O ct +|| .oo;) |o c-
||ooo ||z+nt|no ,,o-+|,, oC oocmos c|t+| o bc|o cxcm|o o+ |g|c,+ oc +nt+ o||+ cm Cons-
t+nt|no|+ ,.,-,,; oC uc ou|+ntc o o|+ |cccbc |uz n+tu|+| +|+ o |ntc||o| o+ co|||c+io +t|+vcs
o+s +bc|tu|+s |oc+||z+o+s n+ b+sc o+ g|+noc cuu|+ o+ |g|c,+ ^|cm oo m+|s + tcmc|+tu|+ |ntc|-
n+ ocst+ co|||c+io sc m+ntcm cont+ntc +t|+vcs oc +|cocs cscss+s uc ut|||z+m os concc|tos
||s|co c tccn|c+s o+ |nc|c|+ tc|m|c+
Out|o cxcm|o oc |ntc||gcnc|+ +mb|cnt+| no uso oos |ccu|sos cnc|gct|cos |cnov+vc|s ooc sc|
const+t+o+ n+ +|u|tctu|+ +||+ccn+ ou |s|m|c+ (+e,o ^c) com +s tccn|c+s oc |nc|c|+ tc|m|c+
+ou|||o+s com +s co|||c+ocs o|sost+s oc |o|m+ sob|cost+s +|+ +umcnt+| + m+ss+ tc|m|c+
sc| vcnc|o+ c|o c+|o| oo so| +|cm oc +m||+| o n|vc| oc sob|c+mcnto n+s co|||c+ocs c |u+s |m-
|csc|no|vc| +|+ c||m+s ucntc scco onoc |+ osc||+ocs cons|oc|+vc|s oc tcmc|+tu|+ c o +| c
mu|to scco |cst+s co|||c+ocs + |cg|+ c +cumu|+| c+|o| ou|+ntc o o|+ +|+ uc ou|+ntc + no|tc
(gc|+|mcntc |||+) +s co|||c+ocs ||ucm +ucc|o+s Cc|+|mcntc too+s +s c+s+s tcm +t|o c um
|ontc +|+ cont|o|+| + um|o+oc ^|gum+s co|||c+ocs ossucm c+t+oo|cs oc vcnto +|+ |o-
movc| |cnov+io oc +| |ntc|n+mcnto nos co|||c|os |o c+so o+ +|u|tctu|+ ^|+bc os c|+m+oos
combogos
+.
|omov|+m + |||t|+gcm o+ |uz +|+ os +mb|cntcs c|m|t|noo ||v+c|o+oc oos scus
ocu+ntcs com +ccsso + |uz c + vcnt||+io |st+s cst|+tcg|+s oo uso oc combogos |o|+m +m|+-
mcntc uss+o+s no ||+s|| +t|+vcs oos o|tugucscs uc cm cont+tos com os ^|+bcs n+ |cn|nsu|+
|bc||c+ +|cnoc|+m + us+| cstcs comoncntcs +|u|tcton|cos C|o+ocs como O||no+ Ou|o ||c-
to c +|v+oo| us+v+ c +|no+ ut|||z+m cstcs +|t|||c|os com o nomc oc |ux+|+b|s ou Cobogos
Vo|t+noo + |o+oc mco|+ obsc|v+-sc uc +s c|o+ocs mu|os to|n+|+m-sc +ocns+o+s c t|n|+ no
como ccnt|o u|b+no nuc|c+| + |g|c,+ c + |c||g|io |cstc c||ooo + c|o+oc |n||ucnc|+o+ c|+ |c||-
g|io c|cscc +o |coo| ocstcs tcm|os |+|+ so|uc|on+| cstc |ob|cm+ +|gum+s c|o+ocs oc||ub+-
v+m scus mu|os c out|+s s|m|csmcntc oc|x+v+m scus mu|os +nt|gos oc c const|u|noo nov+s
c|o+ocs +o |coo| o+ +nt|g+ c|o+oc c o+s nov+s c+tco|+|s c tcm|os uc su|g|+m |st+ ocm+no+
+umcnt+v+ +|no+ m+|s + |cssio o| |nsumos cnc|gct|cos c m+tc||+|s +|+ const|uio ocstcs
novos nuc|cos |x|stc |c|+tos oc |cc|c|+gcm oc |ccu|sos como + ocsmont+gcm ocstcs mu|os c
su+ |cmont+gcm cm out|os |oc+|s m+s n+o+ com|ov+oo c|cnt|||c+mcntc (||||O|| +,ss)
|cstc c||ooo su|gcm +s ||mc||+s cnocm|+s u|b+n+s occo||cntcs oc |+|t+ oc s+nc+mcnto |stcs
|ob|cm+s sc||+m no |cn+sc|mcnto ob,ctos oc cstuoos c |ntc|vcnocs oos |+nc,+oo|cs c +|t|s-
t+s c||+noo g|+nocs +|c+s u|b+n+s |+nc,+o+s +|+ so|uc|on+| + suc||ot+io oc tcmos +nt|gos
c||+noo co|||c|os |cs|ocnc|+|s |+v+noc||+s c|+|+||zcs +u+outos |++s |u+s c +vcn|o+s (|||-
|O|| +,ss) Os c+stc|os ut|||z+v+m ,+nc|+s nio +|+ +|cc|+io o+ +|s+gcm m+s +|+ + cnt|+o+
oc |uz c o+ vcnt||+io cm um+ co|||c+io uc ncccss|t+v+ |couz|| + |ns+|ub||o+oc |ntc|n+ occo|-
|cntc o+ |+|t+ oc s+nc+mcnto |+s c|o+ocs mco|cv+|s os mo|+oo|cs oos subu|b|os ||+nccscs cv|-
+. C|+m+oo c|cmcntos v+z+oos
|||son |+t|st+
,o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
t+v+m o vcnto |||o oc |nvc|no +t|+vcs oc |u+s to|tuos+s c bccos scm s+|o+s vc|o+oc||os ucb|+
vcntos |st+s |u+s ostc||o|mcntc sc||+m ocmo||o+s cm +s|e |c c|o |+|io |+ussm+nm
+,
uc
|omovcu + |c|o|m+ u|b+n+ monumcnt+| ncoconsc|v+oo|+ o+ c|o+oc oc|x+noo-+ m+|s o|togo-
n+|s c com c|scct|v+s ccnog|+||c+s como + + C|+ms ||yscc c su+ ||++ oc |+ Conco|oc
^|c oc |+ |c|cnsc ^|co oo ||un|o |uscu oo |ouv|c cx+|t+noo o Covc|no oc |+o|cio |||
+ +|t|| oc +bc|tu|+s c g|+nocs +vcn|o+s uc c||m|n+|+m os +sscnt+mcntos mco|cv+|s oc o|||c||
+ccsso c |omovc|+m o s+n|t+||smo com s|stcm+s oc v|+s ||um|n+io +gu+ c csgoto |couz|n-
oo + cnt|o|+ no ||o cn+ c |mco|+ocs |st+ |c|o|m+ |ctcno|+ t+mbcm +t|+vcs oo cst+oo +b-
so|ut|st+ cv|t+| b+|||c+o+s |nsu||c|ocs c comb+tcs ou|+|cs occo||cntcs oc m+n||cst+ocs oc
t|+b+||+oo|cs uc |cs|o|+m no ccnt|o |+||s|cnsc Com + nov+ gcomct||+ o+s |u+s +go|+ mcnos
s|nuos+s os +ccssos oc c+n|ocs cst+||+m ||v|cs c ooc||+m comb+tc| m+|s c|ct|v+mcntc +s |cvo|-
t+s ou|+|cs ob,ct|vo m+|o| oo |st+oo |+o|con|co |stc u|b+n|smo com +no oc |unoo s+n|-
t+||st+ t|n|+ como ob,ct|vo cont|o|+| +s c|+sscs t|+b+||+oo|+s cxu|s+noo-+s +|+ os subu|b|os
^s |c|o|m+s o| +; +nos co|oc+|+m +b+|xo m+|s oc s sccu|os oc ||sto||+ u|b+n+ +||s|cnsc um+
vc|o+oc||+ mut||+io ||sto||c+ |m uso oo u|b+n|smo +|+ ||ns o||t|cos c +bso|ut|st+s
Vo|t+noo +o c||ooo Cot|co ++oo-+eoo oC obsc|v+-sc o uso o|+m+t|co c m|st|co oo uso oo so|
c o+ |uz n+tu|+| c+t+o+ +|+ o |ntc||o| o+s c+tco|+|s +t|+vcs oos |+mosos v|t|+|s got|cos uc
t|+no|t+v+m os ||c|s +o munoo cxt|+tc||cno (||||O|| +,ss) |o c||ooo o+ |cn+sccn+
(+|,o |c) |+||oco (+eoo |c) +s co|||c+ocs cont|nu+|+m ut|||z+noo +s tccn|c+s b|oc||m+t|c+s
+ou|||o+s +o |ongo o+ ||sto||+ o+s c|o+ocs |cstc c||ooos o uso oc cst|+tcg|+s cnc|gct|c+s b|o-
c||m+t|c+s u|b+n+s +t|ngcm scu +|cc com +s |++s |cstcs +mb|cntcs o uso o+ gcomct||+ so|+|
(uso c+|t+s so|+|cs obt|o+s |cc|s+mcntc com +s |+t|tuocs c t|os oc c||m+s) sc +|cscnt+m m+|s
c|ct|v+mcntc +||c+o+s |omovcnoo con|o|to u|b+no +t|+vcs oc |m|+nt+ocs +ocu+o+s uc
comtcm|+m um n|vc| oc con|o|to m|n|mo +|+ +mb+s +s cst+ocs oo +no ut|||z+noo-sc +|vo-
|cs |uz somb|+s vcnt||+io n+tu|+| c |ontcs oc +gu+ |st+s |++s +com+n|+m o n|vc| oc o|g+-
n|z+io soc|+| c o||t|c+ o+ coc+ cx+|t+noo o|+ + |nst|tu|io c|c||c+| o|+ + |nst|tu|io +bso|ut|st+
+t|+vcs o+ |oc+io oc c|cmcntos s|mbo||cos (|x ^|co oo t|un|o n+ ||+n+ |+|+c|o oc Vc|s+||cs
c scus ,+|o|ns ||++ oc io |co|o cm |om+ ||++ oo Comc|c|o oc ||sbo+ ||++ |+yo| oc |+-
o||o ||++ oc o|o |+nnovc| c |+nc|cstc| n+ |ng|+tc||+ cnt|c out|+s)
|+|s contcmo|+nc+mcntc + c|o+oc |oc+||z+o+ o| |bcnczc| |ow+|o c su+s C|o+ocs |+|o|ns
cont|n|+ concc|tos b+s|co oc C|ntu|io Vc|ocs ubu|b|os Vc|ocs c |+|||os Vc|ocs o+noo |n|c|o
+o c|+m+oo |+nc,+mcnto +mb|cnt+| como tcnt+t|v+ oc |+|mon|z+| c |couz|| + tcnocnc|+
+, Cco|gcs-|ugcnc |+ussm+nn (|+||s .; oc |+|o oc +so, |+||s ++ oc |+nc||o oc +s,+) |+|g+mcntc con|cc|oo +cn+s como
|+|io |+ussm+nn- o +|t|st+ ocmo||oo| |o| |c|c|to oo +nt|go oc+|t+mcnto oo cn+ (uc |nc|u|+ os +tu+|s oc+|t+mcntos
oc |+||s |+uts-oc-c|nc c|nc-+|nt-|cn|s c V+|-oc-|+|nc) cnt|c +s,, c +s;o) |u|+ntc +uc|c c||ooo |o| |csons+vc| c|+
|c|o|m+ u|b+n+ oc |+||s octc|m|n+o+ o| |+o|cio ||| c to|nou-sc mu|to con|cc|oo n+ ||sto||+ oo u|b+n|smo c o+s c|o+ocs
c|+s su+s |oc|+s s+n|t+||st+s (||||VO|O +,ss)
|cscnvo|v|mcnto cnc|g|+ c +mb|cnc|+ u|b+n+ um+ +bo|o+gcm ||sto||c+
,+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
cnt|o|c+ o+ c|o+oc ^tu+|mcntc o c|+m+oo u|b+n|smo sustcnt+vc| |csg+t+ cstc +uto| cm
su+s b+scs tco||c+s
Com o +ovcnto o+ |cvo|uio |noust||+| su|gc + |uz +|t|||c|+| c + |m+o+ |nc+nocsccntc |n-
vcnt+o+ o| |om+s |o|son cm +s;s +c|csccnt+noo m+|s u+t|o |o|+s o|+||+s oc v|o+ +t|v+
(ou|+ntc o c||ooo o+ no|tc) +|+ + ou|+io muno|+| |+zcnoo com uc o |omcm +ss+ssc
+ ut|||z+| cst+ moo+||o+oc oc ||um|n+io c cnc|g|+ +|+ +c||m+t|z+io ocm+s|+o+mcntc c-
gunoo V+sconcc|os (+,,e) o |+to oc + cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ tc| s|oo b+|+t+ c o|son|vc| cm g|+noc
u+nt|o+oc +ntcs o+ c||sc cnc|gct|c+ oc +,;o ||bc|ou bo+ +|tc oos |o,ct|st+s o+s c|o+ocs +
busc+| novos +|+o|gm+s |o,ctu+|s |st+ ocscons|oc|+io oo uso oc cnc|g|+s +ss|v+ oo c||-
m+ nos |o,ctos u|b+no-+|u|tcton|cos |ovocou um +m|o ocsc|o|c|o cnc|gct|co n+s c|o+-
ocs |o cnt+nto +|u|tctos |ccon|cc|oos |ntc|n+c|on+|mcntc como +o+o ^noo |ou|s |+|n
|c Co|bus|c| |+||o |ott+ ||+n| ||oyo \||g|t c |c+n |ouvc+u| +|cscnt+|+m oc |o|m+ t|-
m|o+ cm su+s ob|+s um+ cc|t+ |cocu+io com o uso oc cnc|g|+s +ss|v+s como o uso oc
||um|n+io c vcnt||+io n+tu|+| |cstc mb|to sc ocst+c+ |c Co|bus|c| c su+ |+ C|tc |+o|cu-
sc cm +,,o |oc+||z+o+ com cs+os vc|ocs t|o|og|+s oc co|||c|os scto||z+oos to||cs +m|+s
+vcn|o+s |+|g+s c scm mu|ts cu|v+s m+s t|+z|+ cmbut|o+ um+ |o|tc scg|cg+io cs+c|+| |stc
|+nc,+mcnto u|b+no b+scoo cm um+ |cc|sio |unc|on+| |o| c||t|c+oo |c||cn|+mcntc o|
|+nc |+cob (+,es) cm |||c +no |c+t| o| C|c+t ^mc||c+n C|t|cs cm v||tc o+ occo||cntc v|sio
com+|t|mcno+ c c+|tcs|+n+ |c|n+ntc nos +nos ,o c uc +nu|ou + ||cx|b|||o+oc o+ c|o+oc c nc-
gou + ||sto||+ o+ +|u|tctu|+ c||+noo o |ntc|n+t|on+| ty|c |coom|n+ntc +tc os o|+s +tu+|s
+|

^ c|o+oc oc ||+s|||+ |o| conccb|o+ scgu|noo cst+s tco||+s |c Co|bus|+n+s |stc cxccsso oc |un-
c|on+||smo +nu|+ + mu|t||unc|on+||o+oc o+ c|o+oc c o+ |ntc|-|c|+io n+tu|cz+ c c||m+ c t|+ns-
|o|m+ os c|o+oios cm |nvo|unt+||os +gcntcs oo ocsc|o|c|o cnc|gct|co o|s + muo+n+ oc
um+ |unio + out|+ ncccss|o+oc oc ocs|oc+mcnto c o| conscgu|ntc oc mu|t+ cnc|g|+ |oss||
c c|ct||c+ o|s + c|o+oc cst+ scto||z+o+ c |unc|on+||st+ u+sc scm |ocnt|o+oc (|^CO| +,e,)
|stc c o c+so oc ||+s|||+ c|o+oc const|u|o+ no cc||+oo uc ncg+ + ||sto||+ o+ +nt|g+ c+|t+|
C+||oc+ (||o oc |+nc||o) com su+ ||sto||+ c su+ cu|tu|+ co|on|+| ||+s|||+ ocmonst|+ o c+|+tc|
mcc+n|c|st+ o+ moo+||o+oc oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c+|tcs|+no c ncoc|+ss|co |nc|cntc o+ coc+
onoc + v+||+vc| |omcm c n+tu|cz+ c ncg+o+ c o uso oo +utomovc| c oom|n+ntc c |mu|so| oo
ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+ coc+ |m+ c|o+oc const|u|o+ o| v+|o+oc c |oco|og|+ o||t|c+ oc scus
govc|n+ntcs cm oct||mcnto oo cc||+oo cgunoo ||+s (.ooe) o s|stcm+ cconom|co b+sc+-
oo cm s|stcm+s oc |+nt+t|on c o+ |noust||+||z+io +ssoc|+o+ + m+ +om|n|st|+io c |+|t+ oc
|+nc,+mcnto c o|scussio |css|onou o c|csc|mcnto o+s c|o+ocs oc|x+noo-+s m+|s oocntcs
oo uc cm u+|uc| c||ooo o+ ||sto||+ |sto c v|s|vc| cm c|o+ocs como io |+u|o onoc + +m-
||tuoc tc|m|c+ cnt|c +|c+s cxt|cm+s o+ c|o+oc ooc c|cg+| + +. g|+us mcsmo com cs|o|o
+| ^tu+|mcntc tcnt+m vc|oc,+| o |ntc|n+t|on+| ty|c c|+m+noo-o oc +|u|tctu|+ u|b+n|smo sustcnt+vc| |csg+t+noo tccn|c+s
+mb|cnt+|mcntc co||ct+s +|+ o |+nc,+mcnto
|||son |+t|st+
,:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
o+ |c|c|tu|+ tc| |+nt+oo oc .oo, + .oos m+|s oc ;oo m|| +|vo|cs o m|c|oc||m+ nio sc +|tc|+
ocv|oo +o cxccsso oc vc|cu|os c o|u|io c|cccntc (|O .oo,) C|csc|mcnto oc +utomovc|s
cstc uc |mu|s|on+ + cconom|+ c ocg|+o+ o +mb|cntc n+tu|+| |oouz|noo o c|+m+oo ||xo
cnc|gct|co+t|+vcs oo c+|o| Out|+ |+to| c + |+|t+ oc t|+t+mcnto oos |ccu|sos ||o||cos uc
co|t+m +s c|o+ocs Os ||os |o|+m +tc||+oos c+n+||z+oos |mc|mc+b|||z+oos c v||+|+m onto
oc ocsc,o oc oc,ctos oc too+ o|ocm u+s m+|gcns sc|vcm +|+ +vcn|o+s |c||ov|+s ||n|+s oc
t|+m|ssio cnc|gct|c+s c subcst+ocs o|s sio gc|+|mcntcbo+s +|c+s |+n+s |+ mcsm+ |o|m+
os m+n+nc|+|s c m+t+s c|||+|cs to|n+|+m-sc |oc+|s oc cx+nsio u|b+n+ c cstio co|+s+o+s o+
mcsm+ |o|m+
Como oocmos obsc|v+| o uso o+ cnc|g|+ +ss|v+ scm|c |o| um+ const+ntc n+ ||sto||+ u|b+-
n|st+ c +|u|tcton|c+ |um+n+ O +tu+| +|+o|gm+ sub,ug+ c +o|on|z+ + |ocnt|o+oc b|ogcog|+-
||c+ c c||m+t|c+ +ss|m como su+ otcnc|+||o+oc cco|og|c+ cm |+vo| oo |uc|o oo +|to consumo
cnc|gct|co c o+ suc|cx|o|+io oos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s uoo |sto vcm cont||bu|noo +|+ o +g|+-
v+mcnto o+ c||sc +mb|cnt+| |cstc scnt|oo +c|s (+,,,) ^gcno+ .+ (+,,e) c ^gcno+ |+b|t+t ||
(+,,e) +uo C|||^| (.oo+) ocmonst|+m + |mo|tnc|+ o+ |m|cmcnt+io o+ o|mcnsio cs-
+c|+| v|s+noo + sustcnt+b|||o+oc oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto b+sc+oo cm
+ ^mb|cntcs u|b+nos m+|s cu|||b|+oos c mcnos +ocns+oos c|m|t|noo + scto||z+io u|-
ocz c |unc|on+mcnto o+s +t|v|o+ocs oc |oouio c||cu|+io consumo c |csc|v+io
+mb|cnt+| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co +g||co|+ u|b+no c b|o|og|co
. Comb+tc ocs|gu+|o+oc com m+|o| o|st||bu|io oc |cno+ c cm|cgo no c+mo c n+s
c|o+ocs como |o|m+ oc |couz|| + ob|cz+ c + ocg|+o+io +mb|cnt+|
, |t|||z+io sustcnt+vc| o+ cnc|g|+ c |cc|c|+gcm oc |cs|ouos v|s+noo |couz|| o consumo
cnc|gct|co c os |m+ctos +mb|cnt+|s occo||cntcs oos +sscnt+mcntos |um+nos
| |+b|t+io sustcnt+vc| +|+ tooos +ss|m como |cv|t+||z+io oos +sscnt+mcntos cx|stcntcs
, |m|cmcnt+io oc um+ +|u|tctu|+ c u|b+n|smo sustcnt+vc| |ntc|-|c|+c|on+noo (|) cx|b|||-
o+oc cs+c|+| +ocu+io m+tc||+| c |+c|| m+nutcnio (||) cc|cnc|+ cnc|gct|c+ c ocscmc-
n|o +mb|cnt+| (|||) con|cc|mcntos +utoctoncs c otcnc|+| c||m+t|co-cco|og|co |oc+|
e |m|cmcnt+io oc |+c|on+||o+oc +mb|cnt+| ocsoc + |+sc oc |o,cto u|b+nos c oos +m-
b|cntcs const|u|oos +ss+noo c|+ su+ |m|+nt+io csco||+ oos m+tc||+|s c cu|+mcn-
tos const|uio ut|||z+io +tc + su+ m+nutcnio
O |+nc,+mcnto u|b+no v|s+noo + sustcnt+b|||o+oc ocvc cntcnoc| + c|o+oc como um ccoss|stc-
m+ uc +b|+ngc u+t|o csc+|+s + |cg|on+| + u|b+n+ + +|u|tcton|c+ c + |um+n+ |+| + ncccss|o+-
|cscnvo|v|mcnto cnc|g|+ c +mb|cnc|+ u|b+n+ um+ +bo|o+gcm ||sto||c+
,,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
oc oo |+nc,+mcnto +mb|cnt+| cnu+nto |nst|umcnto |ntc|o|sc|||n+| oc gcstio c c|m+ncntc
|+|mon|z+io cnt|c cst+s csc+|+s c + consc|v+io oo mc|o +mb|cntc (||^|CO .oo+) |cstc
scnt|oo ncccss|t+mos u|gcntcmcntc |m|cmcnt+| |nst|umcntos |ntc|o|sc|||n+|cs oc |+nc,+-
mcnto +mb|cnt+| v|s+noo
+ |ccuc|+| consc|v+| mon|to|+| c gc||| +s +|c+s |cg|on+|s c mun|c|+|s oc |csc|v+io +m-
b|cnt+| u|b+n+
. |m|cmcnt+| u|gcntcmcntc o||t|c+s |ntc|-mun|c|+|s oc t|+t+mcnto c |cc|c|+gcm oc |c-
s|ouos so||oos c ||u|oos v|s+noo |couz|| + u+nt|o+oc oc oc,ctos c ||xo c| c+|t+ |oou-
z|oo ^|cm oc +m||+| o +ccsso + +gu+ ot+vc| +|+ + ou|+io
, ||omoio oc c|ntu|ocs vc|ocs n+s c|||c||+s o+ c|o+oc +|+ + +g||cu|tu|+ |+m|||+| u|b+no-
|u|+| oc cun|o o|gn|co
| C||+io oc +|c+s oc |otcio +mb|cnt+| u|b+n+ ob,ct|v+noo + |omoio oo tu||smo
cco|og|co g+|+nt|noo |cno+ +|+ ou|+io ocst+s +|c+s
, |m|cmcnt+| oc |o|m+ cc+z + couc+io +mb|cnt+| n+s c|o+ocs c +|c+s mct|oo||t+n+s
b+sc+o+ no |csg+tc cu|tu|+| oc |ocnt|o+ocs |csc|to v|o+ |um+n+ c + n+tu|cz+
e |m|cmcnt+io oc s|stcm+s ||c|+|u|z+oos c |ntcg|+oos oc c||cu|+io |c||c+ uv|+| c
v|+||+ uc ||o||zc o t|+nso|tc ub||co oc m+ss+ mun|c|+| c |ntc|mun|c|+| v|s+noo
|couz|| +s cm|ssocs oc g+scs o|ucntcs +|+ + +tmos|c|+ c + o|m|nu|io oc scus m+|cs
+|+ + s+uoc
; |nccnt|v+| c |omcnt+| + cco|nov+io c + ccocc|cnc|+ ou sc,+ csu|s+s c +ocs uc
v|scm + |m|cmcnt+io c ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccno|og|+s |cnov+vc|s c ||m+s +|+ +s
|unocs u|b+n+s como +s oc t|+nso|tc c cnc|g|+ o| cxcm|o
s ^m||+| c |cst+u|+| cu|+mcntos u|b+nos oc |+zc| +o +| ||v|c como |++s c +|ucs ^|cm
oc |co|ocn+| +s +t|v|o+ocs u|b+n+s c ocsccnt|+||z+| +t|v|o+ocs cconom|c+s c oc sc|v|os
^|cm o+ ncccss|o+oc oc |m|cmcnt+io ocst+s o||t|c+s +mb|cnt+|s cscc|+| ocst+uc ocvc sc|
o+oo ucstio cnc|gct|c+ c |couio oo consumo oc |ccu|sos cm too+s os scto|cs o+ c|o+oc
|cstc scnt|oo oc +co|oo com |o|n (.oo.) +|+ uc |sto sc,+ +|c+n+oo ocvcmos o+| |nccnt|vos
+|+ uc os consum|oo|cs u|b+nos oss+m ot+| c|o |o|ncc|mcnto oc cnc|g|+ obt|o+ + +|t||
oc |ontcs |cnov+vc|s Como c o c+so o+ cnc|g|+ ||o|c|ct||c+ co||c+ c so|+| |+|+ Cunn (.oo+) ou-
t|+ +|c+ uc ocvc||+ |cccbc| |nccnt|vos c + o+ const|uio c|v|| onoc m+|s oo uc cx|g|| + ut|||z+-
io oc m+tc||+|s +mb|cnt+|mcntc co||ctos
|||son |+t|st+
,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
Como oocmos obsc|v+| v+||os |o|+m os +contcc|mcntos ||sto||cos uc moo|||c+|+m +s |c-
|+ocs soc|+|s cconom|c+s c +mb|cnt+|s oco|||o+s cnt|c o c||ooo o+ |cvo|uio |noust||+| c o
||m oo sccu|o .o ^ |noust||+||z+io subst|tu| + |oouio +|tcs+n+| c|+ o|v|sio c cscc|+||z+io
oo t|+b+||o o| novos |occssos |oout|vos c c|+ |nt|oouio o+ m+u|n+||+ c||+noo + |nous-
t||+ |st+ nov+ comoncntc moo|||c+ + |c|+io |omcm-n+tu|cz+-t|+b+||o n+ mco|o+ cm uc
subst|tu| o s|stcm+ oomcst|co-|+m|||+| oc |oouio c|o s|stcm+ |+b||| b+sc+oo no uso |ntcn-
so oc cnc|g|+ c oc |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s c no b+|xo custo oc |oouio O t|+b+||+oo| sc cm+nc|+
oos c|c|os n+tu|+|s o+ +g||cu|tu|+ +ss+noo + v|vc| oc su+ |o|+ oc t|+b+||o cx|o|+o+ +o m+x|-
mo n+s c|o+ocs |+ + n+tu|cz+ to|n+-sc |nsumo |no|scns+vc| +|+ o |unc|on+mcnto oo s|stcm+
cconom|co-|noust||+| |m|cmcnt+oo n+s c|o+ocs +o |coo| oo munoo |st+ con,untu|+ c|m|t|u
+umcnt+| + |oout|v|o+oc |um+n+ +ssoc|+noo + |oc|+ oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c |og|csso |o-
ouio m+tc||+| +o +umcnto o+ cx+nsio cconom|co-|noust||+| c + +cumu|+io ||n+ncc||+ |+|+
|obsb+wm (+,,s) + conccnt|+io oc ||ucz+s +||cc|+o+ n+ cx|o|+io |ntcns+ c |ncont|o|+vc|
oc |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s c||ou c|o+ocs ocs|gu+|s c con|||t+ntcs uc m+|c+m o ||n+| oo sccu|o +, c
tooo o sccu|o .o |+ss+oos oo|s sccu|os +os + ||mc||+ |cvo|uio |noust||+| o +|+o|gm+ oo
ocscnvo|v|mcnto nio conscgu|u com+t|b|||z+| mc||o||+s oc u+||o+oc oc v|o+ u|b+n+ com +
|csc|v+io oos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s |+|scs uc t|vc|+m +ccsso |noust||+||z+io tccno|og|+ bcns
c sc|v|os consum||+m scus +t|vos n+tu|+|s oc |o|m+ |ntcns+ c cco|og|c+mcntc |nc||c|cntc |stc
mooc|o cconom|co-||n+ncc||o subo|o|nou +s o|mcnsocs +mb|cnt+| c soc|ocu|tu|+| vo|t+noo-sc
+|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto |uno+mcnt+oo cm |||m|t+o+ cx|o|+io oo s|stcm+ cco|og|co |ntcn-
s+ |noust||+||z+io c u|b+n|z+io consum|smo |uc|+t|v|o+oc ||n+ncc||+ c +|t+ conccnt|+io oc
||ucz+s |st+ |oco|og|+ cconom|c|st+ gc|ou um s|stcm+ com v|sio oc |+nc,+mcnto oc cu|to
|+zo sustcnt+oo o| +uto||t+||smo o||t|co-+|m+mcnt|st+ c mctooo|og|+ c|cnt|||c+ un|o|mcn-
s|on+| c un|o|sc|||n+| uc ,+ cnt|+ cm co|+so |o|+m ncccss+||os .oo +nos oc |noust||+||z+io
c u|b+n|z+io +|+ cv|ocnc|+|-sc + ncccss|o+oc oc ||m|t+io oo +tu+| s|stcm+ cconom|co mun-
o|+| v|s+noo |csc|v+io c uso |+c|on+| oos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s oo g|obo O |ob|cm+ +mb|cnt+|
cons|st|u n+ +|t+ o|u|io ou cnt|o|+ gc|+o+ o| +t|v|o+ocs cconom|c+s c u|b+no-|noust||+|s +
+|t|| oo uso cxccss|vo o+s |ontcs cnc|gct|c+s nio-|cnov+vc|s como o ct|o|co c o c+|vio ocv|-
oo + su+ |mo|tnc|+ cst|+tcg|c+ no c+mo gcoo||t|co c cconom|co-|noust||+| +|+ o ocscnvo|-
v|mcnto o+s n+ocs | ncstc scnt|oo o c+||o c o |+nc,+mcnto com+|t|mcnt+oo tcm cscc|+|
ocst+uc ^ +tu+| ocg|+o+io n+s c|o+ocs c o |cnunc|o oc um+ c||sc oc c|v|||z+io uc ucs-
t|on+ +s |o||+s b+scs oc |oouio oo s|stcm+ c+|t+||st+ +tu+|
4. Consideraes nais
O |utu|o sustcnt+vc| so sc|+ conscgu|oo com + |couio oo consumo oc cnc|g|+ o+s c|o+ocs c
com + muo+n+ o+ +tu+| conccio cconom|c|st+-consum|st+ oc munoo o| scus |+b|t+ntcs
|cscnvo|v|mcnto cnc|g|+ c +mb|cnc|+ u|b+n+ um+ +bo|o+gcm ||sto||c+
,,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
|+|+ |sto ocvcmos |c+v+||+| + o|mcnsio cs+c|+| oo |occsso oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto cm busc+ o+
ccoc||c|cnc|+ o+s c|o+ocs |oo|c|on+noo con|o|to +o |omcm c |csc|v+io +o mc|o +m-
b|cntc |cstc contcxto ocvc|+ sc| o+oo cn|+sc +o |+nc,+mcnto u|b+no sustcnt+vc| com cs-
cc|+| ocst+uc +|+ +mb|cntc const|u|oo cnu+nto cc|u|+ o+ c|o+oc |csons+vc| o| g|+noc
+|tc o+ o|u|io c ocsc|o|c|o cnc|gct|co oo |+nct+ |io +o|+nt+ |m|cmcnt+| tccno|og|+s
con|o|mc |ccon|z+oo c|o cconom|st+s +mb|cnt+|s scm um+ muo+n+ oc v+|o| o| +|tc oos
consum|oo|cs ^|cm oo m+|s o +tu+| +|+o|gm+ consum|oo| c |ncom+t|vc| com + ncccss|o+oc
oc ou+n+ oc |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s sio |c+||o+ocs oost+s Como muo+| os |+b|tos oc um c|o+-
oio c|ou|+||o sc c|c v|vc cm um +mb|cntc onoc o +c|o m|o|+t|co v|s+ o consumo |ncsgot+vc|
oc |ccu|sos cnc|gct|cos c m+tc||+|s ||+ntc ocstc +no|+m+ obsc|v+-sc uc + o|mcnsio cco|og|-
c+ oo +mb|cntc c + v+||+vc| uc m+|s ooc|+ cont||bu|| +|+ + sustcnt+b|||o+oc |+ mco|o+ cm
uc su+s so|uocs +||+m |couio o+ o|u|io oo mc|o +mb|cntc c oo consumo cnc|gct|co o+s
c|o+ocs c su+s co|||c+ocs cconom|+ oc |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s c ||n+ncc||os c con|o|to +mb|cnt+|
+|+ usu+||os |sto ooc sc| conscgu|oo cm +|tc + +|t|| oo uso oc cst|+tcg|+s oc c+t+io oc
cnc|g|+s +ss|v+s c |cnov+vc|s +|+ +s co|||c+ocs como |o| +bo|o+oo o|uocs cst+s b+sc+o+s
no otcnc|+| c||m+t|co cu|tu|+| c cco|og|co |oc+| sccu||+|mcntc ut|||z+oo o+ |csootm|+ +tc
os o|+s +tu+|s com +ocs sustcnt+vc|s uc tcnocm + um+ nov+ moo+||o+oc oc |+nc,+mcnto o|to
ustcnt+vc| |o|m+t+noo um+ oss|vc| C|ty C|ccno uc con|c|||+ o scu c+|+tc| oc sustcnt+-
b|||o+oc u|b+n+ ^|cm oc cont||bu|| +|+ o |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+ |ocnt|o+oc cu|tu|+| oc um+ +|u|-
tctu|+ c u|b+n|smo |cg|on+| +o+t+o+ +o scu mc|o n+tu|+| ou+oo|+ oc cnc|g|+ c con|o|t+vc|-
mcntc +g|+o+vc| +|+ scus usu+||os |st+s cst|+tcg|+s sio v|+vc|s cm tooos os +|scs
|+ocs como o ||+s|| uc o|socm oc c||m+s t|o|c+|s |+vo|+vc|s |m|cmcnt+io ocst+s so|u-
ocs con|||m+m su+ voc+io oc n+io cnc|gct|c+ sustcnt+vc| ,+ v|st+ cm out|os scto|cs como
o oo b|ocombust|vc| ou mcsmo o+ cnc|g|+ |cnov+vc| |||nc|+|mcntc cm c||m+s t|o|c+|s uc
+|cscnt+ g|+noc otcnc|+| oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc cst|+tcg|+s sustcnt+vc|s +|+ +s c|o+ocs |c-
ouz|noo o g|+u cnt|o|co |o cnt+nto cont|+||+mcntc + cstc g|+noc otcnc|+| subcx|o|+oo o
uc sc obsc|v+ c + |o|||c|+io c oc c|o+ocs c+o+ vcz m+|s consum|oo|+s oc |ccu|sos cnc|gct|-
cos +|+ g+|+nt|| scu |unc|on+mcnto c su+s cono|ocs oc |unc|on+mcnto ||m|nu|io oc +|c+s
vc|ocs c |o|||c|+io oc +|u|tctu|+s cnc|g|vo|+s |sto sc ocvc |+|t+ oc con|cc|mcnto oo c||m+
|oc+| o| +|tc oos |o,ct|st+s +||+oo ut|||z+io oc +o|ocs |ntc|n+c|on+||z+oos b+sc+oos cm
um v|sio com+|t|mcnt+o+ ncoc|+ss|c+ |couc|on|st+ oc cu|to |+zo c |ncom+t|vc|s com nos-
s+ |c+||o+oc c||m+t|c+ c cu|tu|+| como bcm +|||m+ |+|co ||+mono
|csmo |||oso|os como ||+nc|s |+con o|z|+ uc +ntcs oc oom|n+| + n+tu|cz+ c ncccss+||o obc-
occc-|+ c +|+ |sto |+z-sc ncccss+||o con|ccc-|+ + |unoo
|n||m cstuo+| os ||uxo oc cnc|g|+ o+s c|o+ocs +ssoc|+oos + gcog|+||+ +s otcnc|+||o+oc c||m+-
t|c+s c +os +scctos cu|tu|+|s c +|go uc ouco cstuo|osos sc ocb|u+m |stc +|t|go tcntou oc-
|||son |+t|st+
,o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
monst|+| sob um+ +bo|o+gcm gc|+| cst+ ncccss|o+oc o+ b|oc||m+to|og|+ u|b+n+ c oo con|o|to
+mb|cnt+| |io +o|+nt+ +cn+s |cotcnc|+||z+| us|n+s +m||+| + tccno|og|+ +mb|cnt+| |omovc|
+ c||c|cnc|+ cnc|gct|c+ oc m+u|n+s c |occssos busc+| novos combust|vc| ou |n,ct+| Co. no
so|o sc o usu+||o ||n+| us+|+ cst+ cnc|g|+ oc |o|m+ |nsustcnt+vc| | ncccss+||o muo+| o +tu+|
+|+o|+gm+ cconom|c|st+ c busc+| + b+|x+ cnt|o|+ oc Cco|gcscu |ocgcn (+,;+) | ncccss+||o
muo+| + mcnt+||o+oc |um+n+
Referncias
^|^| |obc|to +b+tc||+ rlnclplos do Lcoedlrlclo: |ntc|+io cnt|c cco|og|+ consc|cnc|+ c co|||c|o
io |+u|o ^u+||+n+ .001 1.
^|V^ |ou+|oo | |ct|oo|cs |n ______ Sustentavels. ||o oc |+nc||o |c|umc |um+|+ 1
||^|| ||c+|oo Uesenvolvlmento ao ponto sustentavel. novos +|+o|gm+s +mb|cnt+|s |ct|oo||s
Vozcs .001 1c.
C^|O |osuc oc Uocumentarlo do Hordeste. ! co io |+u|o ||+s|||cnsc 1o
________ Ceograa da rome. . co io |+u|o ||+s|||cnsc 1
||||||^|| C|o |+||cm (O|g) Hosso ruturo comum. io |+u|o |CV 1c
||^|O|| |+|co Armas, germes e ao. os ocst|nos o+s soc|co+ocs |um+n+s ||o oc |+nc||o |cco|o
.00 4.
|^V^||O ^|||son |+|+o|gm+s oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto |u|+| cm ucstio oo +g|+||o +o tc|||to||+| .00o
.11 csc (|outo|+oo) io |+u|o |c+|t+mcnto oc |conom|+ o+ ||^;|| .00o
||||O C||o |+|conocs Socledade 1ecnologlca. io |+u|o c||onc 1. 111 Co|cio |onto oc
^o|o
|O|^|O|| Cu|||c|mo Llmltes do desenvolvlmento sustentavel. C+m|n+s |n|c+m |m| O| oc |
.001 ...
||^|CO |+||+ oc ^ssunio lanejamento amblental para cldade sustentavel. io |+u|o ^nn+b|u-
mc;|^||| .001 .o
|^CO| |+nc Morte e vlda de grandes cldades. io |+u|o |+|t|ns |ontcs .000
||O||^ |obc|t+ C ^|u|tctu|+ sustcnt+b|||o+oc c mc|o +mb|cntc |n |||C ||CO||O |^C|O-
|^| | ||CO||O |^||O ^||||C^|O O||| |||||C^O| | CO|||||^|| |||-
^V|| 1 . .001 ||o C|+noc oo u| Anals... C+nc|+ ^|^C .4-. +b||| oc .001 40
|||| |cn||uc Saber amblental. sustcnt+b|||o+oc |+c|on+||o+oc com|cx|o+oc ooc| |ct|oo||s Vo-
zcs .001
||||O|| |cw|s A cldade na blstorla. io |+u|o |+|t|ns |ontcs 1
O|C^||z^^O |^ |^CO| ||||^ Con|c|cnc|+ o+s |+ocs |n|o+s +|+ o |c|o ^mb|cntc c o
|cscnvo|v|mcnto cnc|g|+ c +mb|cnc|+ u|b+n+ um+ +bo|o+gcm ||sto||c+
,)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ;,-,s ,u|-ocz .oo,
|cscnvo|v|mcnto (||o .) C|||^|;O|| |n Agenda 2! ||+s|||+ cn+oo |coc|+| .001 1
||V||O |obc|to Arqultetura e cllma. +cono|c|on+mcnto tc|m|co n+tu|+| . co |o|to ^|cg|c +g|+ |C
|uzz+tto co|to|cs 1co .40
|O|||| |+uc| A cldade e a lel. io |+u|o tuo|o |obc| 1
______ O que e cldade. 4 co io |+u|o ||+s|||cnsc 1 c Co|cio ||mc||os +ssos n .0!
|O|||O |+|t+ |||nc||os b|oc||m+t|cos +|+ o ocscn|o u|b+no 1 co io |+u|o |o ||o,cto out
1cc
|O|C|| Cco|gcscu le Lntropy Law and tbe Lconomlc rocess. 11
|O||z |+u||c|o Amblente construldo e qualldade. ^ont+mcntos oc +|cst|+ ^|+go+s ||O|||^;
||^| +b| .001
^C| |gn+cy Lstrateglas de translo para o seculo xx|. ocscnvo|v|mcnto c mc|o +mb|cntc io
|+u|o tuo|o |obc| 1!
^||| ||guc| ^|o|s|o |st|+tcg|+s oc |o,cto +|+ |+b|t+ocs oo C|| cm |ov+ |+|tz | |n
|||C ||CO||O |^C|O|^| | ||CO||O |^||O ^||||C^|O O||| |||||C^O| |
CO|||||^|| |||^V|| 1 . .001 ||o C|+noc oo u| Anals... C+nc|+ ^|^C .4-.
+b||| oc .001 40
|| ^m+|ty+ O ocscnvo|v|mcnto como cx+nsio oc c++c|o+ocs Lua Hova - kevlsta de Cultura
olltlca, n .c;. 1!
V||^| |+ut|st+ O poder dos troplcos. mco|t+io c +||cn+io n+ cu|tu|+ cnc|gct|c+ b|+s||c||+ io |+u-
|o C+s+ ^m+|c|+ 1c
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
Convergncia de polticas pblicas:
uma metodologia para a construo de agendas
de aes de CT&I para incluso social

Simone Uderman

& Glauter Rocha

+ ^ mctooo|og|+ ocsc||t+ ncstc +|t|go |o| ocscnvo|v|o+ no mb|to oo |o,cto ||+nos cst+ou+|s oc C| +|+ |nc|usio oc|+|
|c+||z+oo cm +|cc||+ c|o CC|| c cc|s;|C ^ cu|c tccn|c+ oo |o,cto |o| comost+ o| ^nton|o C+|vio (o||cto| suc|-
v|so|) C+|mcm |ucno c C|+utc| |oc|+ (Coo|ocn+oo| oo |o,cto) oo CC|| C|o||+ C+m+ c |+t+||+ Cco+n|cn o+ |C|;|C
c |monc |oc|m+n |o|csso|+ o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc oo |st+oo o+ |+||+ (||||)
. |monc |oc|m+n c cconom|st+ mcst|c cm cconom|+ c oouto|+ cm +om|n|st|+io c|+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| o+ |+||+ (|||^)
| |o|csso|+ o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc oo |st+oo o+ |+||+ (|ncb) |m+|| s|moncuoc|m+n,gm+||com
, C|+utc| |oc|+ c oouto| c mcst|c cm cngcn|+||+ oc |oouio (||C;||o) |c||ow .oo.-.oo, oo cc|+| ||og|+m |o| ||b+n +no
|cg|on+| tuo|cs oo |+ss+c|usctts |nst|tutc o| cc|no|ogy (||;|^) | coo|ocn+oo| oc |o,ctos n+ +|c+ oc C| no Ccnt|o
oc Ccstio c |stuoos |st|+tcg|cos (CC||) |m+|| g|+utc|,cgcco|gb|
kesumo
|stc +|t|go tcm como ob,ct|vo +|cscnt+| um+ mc-
tooo|og|+ oc t|+b+||o +|+ const|uio oc +gcno+s
oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+| |cscnvo|v|o+ c|o
CC|| cm +|cc||+ com + cc|s;|C css+ mctooo-
|og|+ |o| tcst+o+ no scgunoo scmcst|c oc .oo, nos
cst+oos oo ^c|c c ||o C|+noc oo |o|tc ^|cm o|s-
so +|cscnt+-sc t+mbcm um+ |oost+ oc mooc|o
oc gcstio c oc +com+n|+mcnto +|+ +s +ocs o+s
+gcno+s ^ mot|v+io +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto ocs-
sc t|+b+||o |o| +o|+| + cc|s;|C cm scus cs|o|-
os oc const|uio oc +gcno+s oc t|+b+||o c++zcs
oc o||cnt+| + convc|gcnc|+ oc su+s +ocs oc |nc|u-
sio soc|+| com +s +ocs cm|ccno|o+s c|os cst+oos
b|+s||c||os n+ mcsm+ +|c+ O +|t|go cst+ o|g+n|z+oo
+|cm o+ scio |nt|oouto||+ c o+s cons|oc|+ocs -
n+|s cm t|cs scocs +o|c|on+|s |+ scio . |cuncm-
Abstract
's a:.'e aos :c aes.oe a oe:ncac'c, /c
.cos:a.:co c/ :.eo.e e.noc'c, aoa |ooc.a:co
aeoaas /c sc.a' o.'asco coc:co |: .as
ae.e'cea o, CG|| o assc.a:co .:n :e.s/C
's oe:ncac'c, .as :es:ea o :ne se.coa seoes:e
c/ .oo, o :.c 8a'ao s:a:es ^.e aoa |c Gaoae
ac `c:e |a:neoce : a'sc oos ccsa's c/
oaoaeoeo: aoa a..coaooeo: ocae's /c
:nese aeoaas |: s .cocsea o, .e se.:cos 'e
s: aoa :ne 'as: coes ae :ne o:caa.:co aoa
.co.'asco 'e se.coa aes.oes :ne a.:.:es
aoa caos c/ :e.s/C 'e :na oos :ne
e'eoeo:s :na: sas:ao :ne aeoaas .cos:a.:co
aoa sac: :ne ccsea a.:cos e\e.a:co |oa'',
o se.:co /ca ae aes.oea :ne oe:ncac'c.a'
c.eaaes /c :ne aeoaas .cos:a.:co
|monc |oc|m+n & C|+utc| |oc|+
+oo
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
1. Introduo
|os u|t|mos +nos tcm sc o|sscm|n+oo + c|ccio oc uc + |oouio oc con|cc|mcnto c os
cs|o|os oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|||co c tccno|og|co +|cm oc |cs+|o+|cm o c|csc|mcnto cco-
nom|co c + +u|s|io oc g+n|os oc comct|t|v|o+oc ocvcm cst+| +t|c|+oos +os ob,ct|vos oc |n-
c|usio soc|+| c mc||o||+ o+s cono|ocs oc v|o+ o+ ou|+io O s|stcm+ n+c|on+| c os s|stcm+s
cst+ou+|s oc C|cnc|+ ccno|og|+ c |nov+io (C|) o| mc|o oc su+s |nst|tu|ocs o||t|c+s c |o-
g|+m+s tcm s|oo c+o+ vcz m+|s ut|||z+oos como |nst|umcntos +|+ cst|mu|+| o |og|csso c|cnt|-
||co c tccno|og|co c |omovc| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto cconom|co c + |nc|usio soc|+|
O c|csccntc |ccon|cc|mcnto o+ |mo|tnc|+ ocsscs s|stcm+s tcm mot|v+oo + c||+io c o |o|-
t+|cc|mcnto oc o|gios cst+ou+|s c n+c|on+|s oc suo|tc s +t|v|o+ocs oc C| |ss+ tcnocnc|+
vcm scnoo +com+n|+o+ o| cs|o|os oc |o|mu|+io oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s c oc +|t|cu|+io cm
consc||os c |o|uns n+c|on+|s uc |o|c|+m + t|oc+ oc |n|o|m+ocs c o |ntc|cmb|o oc cxc-
||cnc|+s |io obst+ntc os +v+nos obsc|v+oos |csscntc-sc +|no+ o+ +uscnc|+ oc mcc+n|smos
oc +|t|cu|+io o+s +ocs oc C| o|||g|o+ +os |oos|tos oc |nc|usio soc|+| uc otcnc|+||zcm
|csu|t+oos c m|n|m|zcm + o|sc|sio oos cs|o|os cm|ccno|oos c|+s o|vc|s+s |nstnc|+s oc go-
vc|no |o mb|to |coc|+| + cc|ct+||+ oc C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ +|+ |nc|usio oc|+| (cc|s) oo ||-
n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ (|C) tcm sc most|+oo +|t|cu|+|mcntc +tcnt+ + css+ ucstio
|cocu+noo-sc cm c||+| mcc+n|smos oc gcstio uc |+c|||tcm + convc|gcnc|+ cnt|c +s +ocs uc
gc|cnc|+ c out|+s |n|c|+t|v+s oc |c|cvo |ocnt|||c+o+s
Como o ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+| con||gu|+-sc como um+ o+s vc|tcntcs m+|s |mo|t+ntcs o+s
o||t|c+s oc |st+oo c n+tu|+| uc +ocs oc C| o||cc|on+o+s +|+ + |nc|usio soc|+| +ssum+m
um +c| |conoc|+ntc nio +cn+s n+ +gcno+ oc t|+b+||o oo |C m+s t+mbcm n+ +ut+
oc |cocu+ocs oc out|+s cnt|o+ocs uc +tu+m cm mb|to n+c|on+| cst+ou+| c mun|c|+| ^
|c|cvnc|+ oc +ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+| tcm s|oo oc |+to c|ccb|o+ c v+|o||z+o+ c|os
govc|nos cst+ou+|s c|+s +om|n|st|+ocs mun|c|+|s c o| |nst|tu|ocs o+ soc|co+oc c|v|| o|g+n|-
keywords ::| ^eoaa :c.a' o.'asco
/aoaeoeo: Cco.eeo., /e:cac'c,
sc |n|o|m+ocs +cc|c+ o+ +tu+io o+ cc|s c oc scus
||nc|+|s |og|+m+s ^ scio , +|cscnt+ os c|c-
mcntos uc sustcnt+m + const|uio o+s +gcno+s c
oio suo|tc cxccuio o+s +ocs |oost+s |+ sc-
io | o| m oct+||+m-sc os |occo|mcntos mc-
tooo|og|cos ut|||z+oos +o |ongo oo |occsso com
v|st+s + |cg|st|+-|os c o|sscm|n+| + su+ +||c+io
alavras-cbave ^gcno+ oc C| |nc|usio oc|+|
Ccstio Convc|gcnc|+ |ctooo|og|+
Convc|gcnc|+ oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s um+ mctooo|og|+ +|+ + const|uio
oc +gcno+s oc +ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+|
+o+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
z+o+ uc |ocu|+m +v+n+| n+ |o|mu|+io c |m|cmcnt+io oc +ocs c++zcs oc |omcnt+| +
|oouio oc con|cc|mcnto c |o|t+|ccc| scus com|om|ssos com + ,ust|+ soc|+| + cu|o+oc +
so||o+||co+oc c o |csc|to +o mc|o +mb|cntc c s o|vc|s|o+ocs |oc+|s
^ss|m o con|cc|mcnto c|cnt|||co c tccno|og|co cm |+vo| o+ suc|+io o+s ocs|gu+|o+ocs so-
c|+|s c |cg|on+|s c o+ |omoio o+ mc||o||+ o+s cono|ocs oc v|o+ o+s ou|+ocs c+|cntcs c
cxc|u|o+s to|n+-sc um+ +|+v+nc+ ooc|os+ +c|on+o+ oc |o|m+ c+o+ vcz m+|s ||cucntc c |ntcns+
o| tooos +uc|cs uc +ssumcm o com|om|sso com o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c + |nc|usio ||og|cs-
s|v+mcntc o +c| o+ c|cnc|+ c |ccon|cc|oo nio so como |ou|so|+ oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto m+s
sob|ctuoo como |c||+mcnt+ oc |nc|usio oc +|cc|+s m+|g|n+||z+o+s o+ ou|+io (||z||||
.oo,) |cssc scnt|oo c |uno+mcnt+| +|ox|m+| os |og|+m+s c +ocs |coc|+|s o+ b+sc soc|+| o||c-
t+mcntc |m+ct+o+ +g|cg+noo |n|c|+t|v+s c cs|o|os + +|t|| o+ convc|gcnc|+ oc |ntc|csscs c o+
|ocnt|||c+io oc |oos|tos comuns O cx|to ocss+s +ocs cst+ +ssoc|+oo + o|vc|sos c|cmcntos
ocnt|c os u+|s sc cncont|+ scm ouv|o+ + c++c|o+oc oc +|t|cu|+io |nst|tuc|on+|
^ const|uio c o +c||c|o+mcnto oc um +mb|cntc +|c|to |nov+io c +|o||+io oos |c-
su|t+oos oos cs|o|os c|cnt|||cos c tccno|og|cos +os |oos|tos oc |nc|usio soc|+| ncssc con-
tcxto |cssuocm o con|cc|mcnto oc +scctos v|ncu|+oos b+sc |oout|v+ cst+ou+| c s
|nst|tu|ocs tccn|co-c|cnt|||c+s +tu+ntcs cm c+o+ tc|||to||o ^|cm o|sso |cuc| uc sc |ocn-
t|||ucm +s ||nc|+|s +ocs o||t|c+s ub||c+s c |og|+m+s oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+| o|s-
on|vc|s cm n|vc| cst+ou+| +n+||s+noo +s su+s |ntc|scocs c convc|gcnc|+s com +s o||t|c+s c
|og|+m+s |coc|+|s oc mooo + |o|t+|ccc| s|nc|g|+s c +|t|cu|+| +|cc||+s c++zcs oc +m||+| os
|m+ctos |ctcno|oos
|nco|o|+-sc +ss|m um+ conccio uc cxt|+o|+ o mooc|o ||nc+| oc |nov+io uc |ooc
+ocs |oc+o+s no |o|t+|cc|mcnto o+ csu|s+ b+s|c+ +c|co|t+noo nos scus ocsoob|+mcntos tcc-
no|og|cos |mco|+tos +|+ os scgmcntos |oout|vos c +|+ o con,unto o+ soc|co+oc (V|O|
.oos) |mbo|+ sc |ccon|c+ + |mo|tnc|+ oo como|t+mcnto cm|cs+||+| n+ |+t|c+ o+ |nov+-
io c + su+ |n||ucnc|+ nos |no|c+oo|cs oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+| ||v||cg|+-sc + const|uio oc
um +mb|cntc |nov+t|vo onoc +scctos |nst|tuc|on+|s +|t|cu|+ocs |ntc||nst|tuc|on+|s c + |o||+
t|+,cto||+ o+s +ocs oc C| ocu+m um +c| ccnt|+|
O ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc |cocs oc con|cc|mcnto c |n|o|m+io uc |omcntcm + c++c|o+oc oc o|-
g+n|z+io oc |nst|tu|ocs c g|uos soc|+|s c cnvo|v+m +s comun|o+ocs cm to|no oc |o,ctos oc
C| |csc|t+noo v+|o|cs c |ocnt|o+ocs cu|tu|+|s to|n+-sc cntio um c|cmcnto |uno+mcnt+| n+
ocmoc|+t|z+io oo s+bc| c n+ t|+ns|o|m+io oo con|cc|mcnto cm ocscnvo|v|mcnto cconom|-
co c |nc|usio soc|+| o|n+-sc t+mbcm |c|cv+ntc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccno|og|+s +|+ |nc|usio
soc|+| (|^C|||O .oo|) +ss|m como + |nst|tu|io oc |nst|umcntos oc |+nc,+mcnto c gcstio
c++zcs oc |ocnt|||c+| c +|t|cu|+| cs|o|os oc mooo + otcnc|+||z+| os scus |csu|t+oos
|monc |oc|m+n & C|+utc| |oc|+
+o:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
|cssc scnt|oo cstc +|t|go tcm como ob,ct|vo +|cscnt+| um+ mctooo|og|+ oc t|+b+||o +|+
const|uio oc +gcno+s oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+| ocscnvo|v|o+ c|o CC|| cm +|cc||+ com +
cc|s;|C c tcst+o+ no scgunoo scmcst|c oc .oo, nos cst+oos oo ^c|c c ||o C|+noc oo |o|-
tc
+
^|cm o|sso +|cscnt+ t+mbcm um+ |oost+ oc mooc|o oc gcstio c um+ mctooo|og|+ oc
+com+n|+mcnto +|+ +s +ocs o+s +gcno+s ^ mot|v+io +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto ocss+ mc-
tooo|og|+ |o| +,uo+| + cc|s;|C cm scus cs|o|os oc const|uio oc +gcno+s oc t|+b+||o uc
o||cnt+sscm + convc|gcnc|+ oc su+s +ocs oc |nc|usio soc|+| com +s +ocs cm|ccno|o+s c|os
cst+oos b|+s||c||os n+ mcsm+ +|c+
|c mooo + +|cscnt+| +s ||nc|+|s ct++s oo t|+b+||o oc const|uio o+s +gcno+s cstc +|t|go
|nc|u| +|cm ocst+ scio |nt|oouto||+ c o+s cons|oc|+ocs ||n+|s t|cs scocs +o|c|on+|s |+ scio
. |cuncm-sc |n|o|m+ocs +cc|c+ o+ +tu+io o+ cc|s c oc scus ||nc|+|s |og|+m+s oc |o|m+
+ c||+| |c|c|cnc|+s +|+ + |ocnt|||c+io oc +ocs cst+ou+|s convc|gcntcs ^ scio , o| su+ vcz
+|cscnt+ os c|cmcntos uc sustcnt+m + const|uio o+s +gcno+s c oio suo|tc cxccuio o+s
+ocs |oost+s |+ scio | o| ||m oct+||+m-sc os |occo|mcntos mctooo|og|cos ut|||z+oos
+o |ongo oo |occsso com v|st+s + |cg|st|+-|os c o|sscm|n+| + su+ +||c+io
2. Principais programas e aes federais de cincia, tecnologia
e inovao para incluso social
|st+ scio oo t|+b+||o ocst|n+-sc +|cscnt+| os ||nc|+|s |og|+m+s c +ocs sob + |csons+b|||-
o+oc o+ cc|s |+ mco|o+ oo oss|vc| |ocnt|||c+-sc o mont+ntc oc |ccu|sos +|oc+oos + c+o+ um+
ocss+s |n|c|+t|v+s c + su+ +b|+ngcnc|+ tc|||to||+|
2.1. Programas e aes da Secis
C||+o+ cm ,u||o oc .oo, + cc|s tcm como ob,ct|vo +|t|cu|+| o||t|c+s uc v|+b|||zcm o ocscn-
vo|v|mcnto cconom|co soc|+| c |cg|on+| (oco|c+noo +|t|cu|+| +tcnio |cg|io ^m+zon|c+ c
+o |o|ocstc) c o||uno|| cm comun|o+ocs c+|cntcs con|cc|mcntos c tccno|og|+s +|o||+o+s
^ su+ cst|utu|+ |ntc|n+ |nco|o|+ oo|s oc+|t+mcntos (|c+|t+mcnto oc ^ocs |cg|on+|s +|+
|nc|usio oc|+| c |c+|t+mcnto oc |ou|+||z+io c |||usio o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+) c ou+s
coo|ocn+ocs-gc|+|s (Coo|ocn+io-Cc|+| oc ^com+n|+mcnto o+ |xccuio oc ||o,ctos oc |n-
c|usio oc|+| c Coo|ocn+io-Cc|+| oc |csu|s+ c |cscnvo|v|mcnto o+ cgu|+n+ ^||mcnt+| c
+ |sscs cst+oos |oc+||z+oos |cscct|v+mcntc n+s |cg|ocs |o|tc c |o|ocstc oo +|s uc no gc|+| cn||cnt+m m+|o|cs ocs+os
n+ |o|mu|+io c cxccuio o+s +ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+| |o|+m csco|||oos como |oco ocss+ |ncu|sio |n|c|+| uc
ocvc sc| cstcno|o+ +|+ out|+s un|o+ocs o+ |coc|+io
Convc|gcnc|+ oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s um+ mctooo|og|+ +|+ + const|uio
oc +gcno+s oc +ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+|
+o,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
|ut||c|on+|) uc tcm sob su+ |csons+b|||o+oc um+ sc||c oc |og|+m+s c +ocs uc sc +|t|cu|+m
oc o|vc|s+s m+nc||+s um+ vcz uc sio c|+ss+oos o| ucstocs oc n+tu|cz+ t|+nsvc|s+| +|c|t+s
+ o|vc|s+s +|c+s
|+ scucnc|+ |ocu|+-sc +|cscnt+| os ||nc|+|s |og|+m+s c +ocs + c+|go o+ cc|s oc mooo
+ |ocnt|||c+| c|xos tcm+t|cos uc +|t|cu|cm +s +ocs o+s +gcno+s oc convc|gcnc|+ oo+s +s |n-
|o|m+ocs |o|+m obt|o+s cm oocumcntos o||c|+|s no s|tc oo |C ou o| mc|o oc cnt|cv|st+s
|c+||z+o+s com +|guns oos scus |c|cscnt+ntcs
.

O ||+no oc ^io oc C|cnc|+ ccno|og|+ c |nov+io +|+ o |cscnvo|v|mcnto |+c|on+| (|^C-

|) .oo;-.o+o comoc-sc oc u+t|o ||o||o+ocs cst|+tcg|c+s o|st||bu|o+s cm .+ ||n|+s oc +io
(|C .oo;) Com o |ntu|to oc |omovc| + ou|+||z+io c o +c||c|o+mcnto oo cns|no oc
c|cnc|+s n+s csco|+s +ss|m como + o||usio oc tccno|og|+s +|+ + |nc|usio c o ocscnvo|v|mcnto
soc|+| + ||o||o+oc cst|+tcg|c+ |V cst|utu|+o+ c|+ cc|s |nt|tu|+-sc C| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcn-
to soc|+| c ocsoob|+-sc cm ou+s ||n|+s oc +io (|) ||n|+ oc +io .o ou|+||z+io oc C| c mc-
||o||+ oo cns|no c (||) ||n|+ oc +io .+ ccno|og|+s +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+|
^ ||n|+ oc ^io .o +|+ cum||| os scus ob,ct|vos v+|c-sc o+ |m|cmcnt+io oos u+t|o |o-
g|+m+s o|sc||m|n+oos + scgu||
^o|o + ||o,ctos c |vcntos oc ||vu|g+io C|cnt|c+ ccno|og|c+ c oc |nov+io |og|+-
m+ uc v|s+ |omovc| c |omcnt+| +t|v|o+ocs oc o|vu|g+io c|cnt|co-tccno|og|c+ oc |no-
v+io c oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo cns|no oc c|cnc|+s |c+||z+o+s o| |nst|tu|ocs oc cns|no c
csu|s+ cnt|o+ocs c|cnt|co-tccno|og|c+s c oc |nov+io o|gios govc|n+mcnt+|s c ou-
t|+s o|g+n|z+ocs bcm como conso||o+| c cx+no|| + cm+n+ |+c|on+| oc C (|C)
^o|o C||+io c +o |cscnvo|v|mcnto oc Ccnt|os c |uscus oc C| ob,ct|v+ +m||+| c
ocscnvo|vc| + |coc oc ou|+||z+io o+ c|cnc|+ o+ tccno|og|+ c o+ |nov+io no +|s bcm
como |omovc| + +|t|cu|+io oos ccnt|os c muscus oc C| cnt|c s| ||ctcnoc +umcnt+|
+ u+nt|o+oc c mc||o|+| + o|st||bu|io |cg|on+| oc ccnt|os c muscus oc C| |+nct+-
||os obsc|v+to||os +|ucs oc c|cnc|+ OCC^ (Oc|n+s oc C|cnc|+ Cu|tu|+ c ^|tc) +t|-
v|o+ocs |t|nc|+ntcs oc o|vu|g+io oc C| ctc
O||m|+o+ ||+s||c||+ oc |+tcm+t|c+ o+s |sco|+s |ub||c+s (O||||) v|s+ conso||o+| c +m-
||+| + O|||| oc mooo + cst|mu|+| o cstuoo o+ m+tcm+t|c+ cnt|c +|unos o+s csco|+s u-
b||c+s |cssc mooo cont||bu| +|+ + mc||o||+ o+ u+||o+oc o+ couc+io b+s|c+ |nccnt|v+
. ^|cm oo scc|ct+||o |oc V+||c |o|+m cnt|cv|st+oos |+t+||+ Cco+n|cn |||cto|+ oo |c+|t+mcnto oc ^ocs |cg|on+|s ^o||+n+
|c|c|| oo |c+|t+mcnto oc |ou|+||z+io c |||usio o+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ c |+|co ^nton|o C+|v+||o +n+||st+ |csons+vc|
c|o |+nc,+mcnto cst|+tcg|co O |otc||o oc cnt|cv|st+s ut|||z+oo cncont|+-sc o|son|vc| no ^ncxo |
|monc |oc|m+n & C|+utc| |oc|+
+o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
o +c||c|o+mcnto oos |o|csso|cs o+s csco|+s ub||c+s |ocnt|c+ c +o|+ + const|uio
oc ,ovcns t+|cntos |nccnt|v+noo scu |ng|csso n+s +|c+s c|cnt|c+s c tccno|og|c+s cont||-
bu| +|+ + |ntcg|+io cnt|c csco|+s ub||c+s un|vc|s|o+ocs |nst|tutos oc csu|s+ c soc|c-
o+ocs c|cnt|c+s c |omovc + |nc|usio soc|+| o| mc|o o+ o||usio oo con|cc|mcnto
Contcuoos ||g|t+|s |u|t|m|o|+ +|+ |ouc+io C|cnt|c+ c |ou|+||z+io o+ C| n+ |n-
tc|nct tcm como +|vo + |oouio oc m+tc||+| o|o+t|co c oc contcuoos o|g|t+|s ocst|n+-
oos + +o|+| |o|csso|cs c cstuo+ntcs c + o|vu|g+| oc |o|m+ m+|s +m|+ + C|
^ ||n|+ oc ^io .+ o| su+ vcz cont+ com o|to |og|+m+s ocst|n+oos + +o|+| (|) + |oouio
o||usio +|o||+io c +||c+io oo con|cc|mcnto c|cnt|||co tccno|og|co c oc |nov+io como
|nst|umcnto oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+| cconom|co c |cg|on+| (||) + c||+io c o|sscm|n+io oc
mcc+n|smos oc |nc|usio o|g|t+| o| mc|o oc +t|v|o+ocs oc |csu|s+ |cscnvo|v|mcnto |nov+-
io (|||) vo|t+o+s +|+ tccno|og|+s soc|+|s c oc |nc|usio uc cnvo|v+m mctooo|og|+s +|t|c|-
+t|v+s |sscs |og|+m+s c scus |cscct|vos ob,ct|vos sio s|stcm+t|z+oos n+ scucnc|+
|m|cmcnt+io c |ooc|n|z+io oc Ccnt|os Voc+c|on+|s ccno|og|cos |ooc-sc + con-
so||o+| c cx+no|| o |og|+m+ oc Ccnt|os Voc+c|on+|s ccno|og|cos (CVs) oc mooo +
|o|t+|ccc| + |coc n+c|on+| oc o||usio c ou|+||z+io oc C c +m||+| + o|c|t+ oc ontos
oc +ccsso +o con|cc|mcnto c|cnt|co c tccno|og|co |cssc scnt|oo |ctcnoc t+mbcm (|)
|o|t+|ccc| os s|stcm+s |oc+|s c |cg|on+|s oc C| |ntcg|+noo +s c++c|o+ocs oos +gcntcs
+|t|c|+ntcs (||) cont||bu|| +|+ + mc||o||+ o+ couc+io c|cnt|c+ (|||) |oo|c|on+| cu|-
sos oc |o|m+io tccn|c+ c;ou |oss|on+| n+ +|c+ c|cnt|co-tccno|og|c+ |cscnc|+|s ou
o|stnc|+ (|v) |o|t+|ccc| + voc+io |cg|on+| o| mc|o oo +|ovc|t+mcnto o+s oo|tun|o+-
ocs scto||+|s cx|stcntcs ou cmc|gcntcs (v) |c|o|+| + |n||+cst|utu|+ oc ||| ncccss+||+ +o
|occsso oc gc|+io +o+t+io c o||usio oo con|cc|mcnto c|cnt|co-tccno|og|co (v|)
|+vo|ccc| + t|+ns|c|cnc|+ oc tccno|og|+s soc|+|s como cont||bu|io +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto
|cg|on+| c (v||) +m||+| o +tcno|mcnto + scto|cs |oout|vos com g|+noc convc|gcnc|+ c
|m+cto n+ gc|+io oc cm|cgo c |cno+
||og|+m+ |+c|on+| oc |nc|usio ||g|t+| v|s+ |oo|c|on+| ou|+io mcnos |+vo|cc|o+
o +ccsso s |+c|||o+ocs o+ tccno|og|+ o+ |n|o|m+io c++c|t+noo ,ovcns +|+ o mc|c+oo
oc t|+b+||o c |+m|||+||z+noo t|+b+||+oo|cs com |+t|c+s |c|+c|on+o+s |n|o|m+t|c+ ^ |m-
|+nt+io oc c|cccnt|os onoc o ub||co-+|vo |cccbc c++c|t+io cm |n|o|m+t|c+ b+s|c+
c ooc n+vcg+| n+ |coc muno|+| oc comut+oo|cs cont||bu| +|+ + mc||o||+ o+ couc+-
io c +c||c|o+mcnto oc mio-oc-ob|+
^o|o |csu|s+ |nov+io c |xtcnsio ccno|og|c+ +|+ o |cscnvo|v|mcnto oc|+|
o| mc|o oc convcn|os ocsccnt|+||z+ocs c co|t+|s +|+ sc|cio ub||c+ oc |o,ctos o
Convc|gcnc|+ oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s um+ mctooo|og|+ +|+ + const|uio
oc +gcno+s oc +ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+|
+o,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
|og|+m+ +o|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c + +||c+io oc |ooutos tccn|c+s c mctooo|og|+s
vo|t+o+s +|+ t|+ns|o|m+| + |c+||o+oc soc|+| oc |oc+||o+ocs +t|ng|o+s c|+ ob|cz+ +n+||+-
bct|smo c cxc|usio |ng|ob+ |n|c|+t|v+s n+ +|c+ oc tccno|og|+s soc|+|s ocn|o+s como
um con,unto oc |ooutos tccn|c+s c mctooo|og|+s s|m|cs oc b+|xo custo c oc |+c|| +||-
c+io uc |c|cscnt+m c|ct|v+s so|uocs oc t|+ns|o|m+io soc|+| tccno|og|+s oc |c-
s|ouos tccno|og|+s +ss|st|v+s vo|t+o+s +|+ + |nc|usio c o ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+| oc cs-
so+s o|t+oo|+s oc ncccss|o+ocs cscc|+|s c tccno|og|+s o|||g|o+s +|+ + mc||o||+ o+ u+-
||o+oc oc v|o+ oos |ntcg|+ntcs oc comun|o+ocs t|+o|c|on+|s |+|+ cm|ccnoc| +s +ocs
ocstc |og|+m+ o |C tcm |ocu|+oo +|t|cu|+|-sc com out|+s |nst|tu|ocs +|t|c|+n-
oo o| cxcm|o o+ |coc oc ccno|og|+ oc|+|
,

||og|+m+ Comun|t+||o oc ccno|og|+ c C|o+o+n|+ vo|t+oo +|+ + o||usio oc tccno|og|+s

uc mc||o|cm o n|vc| oc |oouio o+s +t|v|o+ocs +g|o|noust||+|s oc cucno o|tc c
com b+|x+ |nsc|io soc|+| c cconom|c+
C| +|+ o |cscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+| com |n|ouc cm |cscnvo|v|mcnto |oc+| ^||s
v|s+noo o ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|occonom|co sustcnt+vc| o |og|+m+ ocst|n+-sc + |o-
movc| + comct|t|v|o+oc oos ^||s oc mooo + (|) |o|t+|ccc| os |stcm+s |oc+|s c |cg|o-
n+|s oc |nov+io c conso||o+-|os como c|cmcnto oc suo|tc comct|t|v|o+oc o|nm|c+
oc cm|cs+s c cconom|+s |cg|on+|s (||) |o|t+|ccc| + c++c|t+io +|+ + |nov+io busc+n-
oo + |couio oc ocs|gu+|o+ocs soc|+|s c cconom|c+s (|||) cont||bu|| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto |cg|on+| cn|+t|z+noo + |nc|usio soc|+| c + |couio o+s o|s+||o+ocs |cg|on+|s
^o|o |csu|s+ c +o |cscnvo|v|mcnto ^||c+oos cgu|+n+ ^||mcnt+| c |ut||c|on+|
no mb|to ocssc |og|+m+ |ocu|+-sc |o|t+|ccc| s|stcm+s |oc+|s oc scgu|+n+ +||mcnt+|
c nut||c|on+| ocscnvo|vc| mctooo|og|+ oc couc+io nut||c|on+| +|+ g|uos cm ||sco oc
|nscgu|+n+ +||mcnt+| c nut||c|on+| ocn|| tccno|og|+s soc|+|s +||c+o+s scgu|+n+ +||-
mcnt+| c nut||c|on+| m+c+| +s cu|tu|+s +||mcnt+|cs o+ ou|+io b|+s||c||+ c +v+||+| +s
o||t|c+s oc scgu|+n+ +||mcnt+| c nut||c|on+| (+||mcnt+io c nut||io mc|cno+ csco|+|
+g||cu|tu|+ |+m|||+|)
|csu|s+ c |cscnvo|v|mcnto ^g|occu+||o c ^g|o|noust||+| +|+ |nsc|io oc|+| ocst|n+-
sc + +o|+| |o,ctos com +ocs o||ct+s oc |nc|usio soc|+| vo|t+oos +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcn-
to +g|occu+||o c +g|o|noust||+|
, ^ |coc oc ccno|og|+ oc|+| (|) |cunc o|g+n|z+ +|t|cu|+ c |ntcg|+ um con,unto oc |nst|tu|ocs com o |oos|to oc cont||-
bu|| +|+ + |omoio oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| mco|+ntc + o||usio c + |c+||c+io cm csc+|+ oc tccno|og|+s soc|+|s
uc com|ccnocm |ooutos tccn|c+s ou mctooo|og|+s |c+||c+vc|s ocscnvo|v|o+s n+ |ntc|+io com + comun|o+oc c uc
ocvcm |c|cscnt+| c|ct|v+s so|uocs oc t|+ns|o|m+io soc|+| (o|son|vc| cm |tt;;www|tso|gb|;|ts;+-|ts;|oos|to ^ccsso
cm ..;+o;.oo,)
|monc |oc|m+n & C|+utc| |oc|+
+oo
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
C++c|t+io cm C| +|+ o |cscnvo|v|mcnto oc|+| +b||g+ +t|v|o+ocs ocst|n+o+s +o
cum||mcnto o+s mct+s oc c++c|t+io |cv|st+s no |^C|
|ssc con,unto oc |og|+m+s no|tc|+ +s +ocs o+ cc|s sustcnt+noo |mo|t+ntcs cs|o|os cm-
|ccno|oos o| su+s o||cto||+s c coo|ocn+ocs cus ob,ct|vos o||cnt+m t+mbcm +|guns co|-
t+|s oo Consc||o |+c|on+| oc |cscnvo|v|mcnto C|cnt|||co c ccno|og|co (C||) c o+ ||n+n-
c|+oo|+ oc |stuoos c ||o,ctos (||nc) |nst|tu|ocs v|ncu|+o+s +o |C ^ ocsc|to o+ |c|c-
vnc|+ oc tooos c|cs como bcm cv|ocnc|+m os scus |oos|tos c oss|vc| ocst+c+| +uc|cs
uc m+|s +v+n+|+m +tc o momcnto cont+noo com um m+|o| vo|umc oc |ccu|sos c;ou um+
cst|utu|+ m+|s +ocu+o+ +|+ + su+ |m|cmcnt+io |+s subscocs uc scgucm |ocu|+-sc
|ocnt|||c+| ut|||z+noo o c||tc||o o+ +|oc+io oc |ccu|sos ||n+ncc||os os |og|+m+s c +ocs m+|s
|obustos oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+| + c+|go oo |C com cscc|+| +tcnio uc|cs ocscn-
vo|v|oos no mb|to o+ cc|s
Montante de recursos envolvldos nas prlnclpals aes e programas sob
a responsabllldade da Secls
O |C tcm +com+n|+oo o +no+mcnto oos |og|+m+s +ntc||o|mcntc ocsc||tos c oc out|+s
|n|c|+t|v+s soc|+|s +o|+o+s o| |nst|tu|ocs + c|c v|ncu|+o+s o|sonoo oc |n|o|m+ocs |c|+t|v+s
+o vo|umc oc |ccu|sos |nvcst|oos n+s o|vc|s+s +ocs soc|+|s v|ncu|+o+s +o |^C| +|+ o ||+s||
c +|+ c+o+ um+ o+s un|o+ocs o+ |coc|+io
|
|ss+s |n|o|m+ocs sio cxt|cm+mcntc utc|s +|+
os |oos|tos oc const|uio o+s +gcno+s oc convc|gcnc|+ |o| um |+oo c|m|tcm |ocnt|||-
c+| sob o c||tc||o o+ o|son|b|||o+oc oc |ccu|sos ||n+ncc||os +s ||nc|+|s +ocs c |og|+m+s
|coc|+|s oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+| no mb|to oo |C |o| out|o os o+oos ocs+g|cg+oos
o| un|o+oc o+ |coc|+io const|tucm-sc cm |mo|t+ntc suo|tc +n+||sc o+s |ntc|scocs c
s|nc|g|+s cnt|c +s +ocs |coc|+|s c + b+sc |oout|v+ c tccn|co-c|cnt|||c+ oos cst+oos |nvcst|g+-
oos ^ss|m c|m|tcm uc sc,+m |ocnt|||c+o+s oo|tun|o+ocs + sc|cm cx|o|+o+s c |+cun+s +
sc|cm |ccnc||o+s nos cs|o|os oc convc|gcnc|+ o+s +ocs oc |omcnto cm|ccno|o+s no m-
b|to oos cst+oos c n+ cs|c|+ oo |C
|+ t+bc|+ + + scgu|| +|cscnt+m-sc oc +co|oo com + su+ |c|cscnt+t|v|o+oc n+ o|st||bu|io oos
|ccu|sos +||c+oos +s +ocs oc C| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+| +ssoc|+o+s s ||o||o+ocs
cst|+tcg|c+s oo |C c s su+s co||csonocntcs ||n|+s oc +io tom+noo-sc como |c|c|cnc|+ o
c||ooo .oo,-.oos ^|cm oc |o,ctos oc |nc|usio soc|+| o+ cc|s +o|+oos o| convcn|os ocsccn-
t|+||z+ocs c tc|mos oc +|cc||+ oos |o,ctos oc |nc|usio o|g|t+| |c+||z+oos o| mc|o oo cont|+to
oc |c+ssc com + C+|x+ |conom|c+ |coc|+| (C||) cnt|c .oo, c .oos c oos |ccu|sos oo ||og|+m+
| |ss+s |n|o|m+ocs sio t+mbcm ocs+g|cg+o+s o| tc|||to||os o+ c|o+o+n|+ c cstio o|son|vc|s cm |tt;;tcmmctgovb|;t
^ccsso cm +,;o;;.oo,
Convc|gcnc|+ oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s um+ mctooo|og|+ +|+ + const|uio
oc +gcno+s oc +ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+|
+o)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
|+c|on+| oc cgu|+n+ |ub||c+ com C|o+o+n|+ (||on+sc|) os o+oos |nc|ucm co|t+|s soc|+|s oo
C|| c |o,ctos soc|+|s o+ ||nc +m+|+oos c|o |unoo |+c|on+| oc |cscnvo|v|mcnto C|cnt|-
||co c ccno|og|co (|||C) ^s co|un+s cm ocst+uc cx|bcm os |ccu|sos +||c+oos c|+ cc|s
uc conccnt|+ es/ oo mont+ntc +||c+oo no c||ooo o|st||bu|oos cnt|c +,,o |o,ctos co||cs-
onocntcs + ,,/ oo numc|o oc |o,ctos +o|+oos
1abela +. |C ^ocs oc C| +|+ o |cscnvo|v|mcnto oc|+| .oo,;.oos
Aes
1otal Secls |lnep}|HUC1 CHq
valor (ksmll) Quantldade valor (ksmll) Quantldade valor (ksmll) Quantldade valor (ksmll) Quantldade
|cscnvo|v|mcnto oc|+| c
|ou|+||z+io oc C
!c.c 4!!0 !40.1. 4.0 !c0oo 40 - -
|nc|usio ||g|t+| .c0.o 1.!00 .!cc44 110 4.coc. !10 - -
Ccnt|o Voc+c|on+|
ccno|og|co
.1!04 .o0. .1!04 .o00 - - - -
+uoc 1!0co 440 1400.!! o0 .c! 44c0
^||+n,o ||oout|vo |oc+| 0.0 14c0 !cc 10.0 - - .1!1 4o0
ccno|og|+s oc|+|s c
^ss|st|v+s
!.0o !4o0 - - 11cc1 .c0 .1!1co !1c0
|ouc+io Cu|tu|+
|so|tc c |+zc|
.o!o !40 - - .o!o !40 - -
cgu|+n+ ^||mcnt+| c
|ut||c|on+|
.!o0 14!0 - - 1c4c 410 o1o1 10.0
|conom|+ o||o+||+ .1o!44 1040 - - .1o!44 1040 - -
+nc+mcnto ^mb|cnt+| .11414 10.0 - - .11414 10.0 - -
|ccu|sos ||o||cos 1.104 40 - - 1.104 40 - -
^g||cu|tu|+ |+m|||+| c!11 .0 - - 4!o0! 0 4!0c c!0
|+b|t+io c!1 0 - - c!1 0 - -
|cscnvo|v|mcnto |oc+| o1!o c0 - - o1!o c0 - -
|c|+ocs oc Ccnc|o 4.1 1!0 - - - - 4.1 1!0
C+oc|+s ||oout|v+s oc
|ccu|sos |csuc||os
.4!0 .00 - - - - .4!0 .00
1otal !.!06.!7,4 !.74!,0 88.!4,9 !.990,0 !!7.!!6, 6!,0 !0!.26,0 !.!90,0
|co:e n:://:eoo.:c.o/ ^.essc eo ,/o,/.oo,
|'aocaac ca
Con|o|mc sc ooc obsc|v+| +s +ocs oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+| c ou|+||z+io oc C c+n+-
||z+|+m o m+|o| vo|umc oc |ccu|sos +|c+n+noo um+ +|t|c|+io |c|+t|v+ + .s,/ oo tot+| cm-
|cg+oo +o |ongo oo c||ooo |stio +| cnvo|v|o+s |,, |n|c|+t|v+s |., o+s u+|s + c+|go o+ cc|s
|monc |oc|m+n & C|+utc| |oc|+
+os
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
^s ocm+|s |n|c|+t|v+s |+zcm +|tc oc |o,ctos ||n+nc|+oos c|+ ||nc c |c|cscnt+m cc|c+ oc +/
oo mont+ntc +|oc+oo ncssc t|o oc +io
Os |o,ctos oc |nc|usio o|g|t+| ocsoob|+m-sc cm +.,o |o,ctos oos u+|s ++,, sio +o|+oos c|+
cc|s c ,+ c|+ ||nc |o tot+| c|cg+ + .+,/ + +|t|c|+io oos |ccu|sos cnvo|v|oos ncssc t|o oc
+io cm |c|+io +o tot+| +||c+oo no con,unto oc +ocs oc C| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+|
oo |^C| cnt|c os +nos oc .oo, c .oos u+noo cons|oc|+oo o numc|o oc |o,ctos +o|+oos
cssc c|ccntu+| s+|t+ +|+ ,.,/ o uc |+t|||c+ + m+gn|tuoc c + |c|cvnc|+ oo |og|+m+
Os .eo |o,ctos oc CVs |ocnt|||c+oos cnvo|vc|+m no mb|to oo |C +cn+s |ccu|sos +sso-
c|+oos cc|s |c|cscnt+noo +es/ oo tot+| g+sto cm +ocs oc C| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto
soc|+| |c+||z+oo o| cssc m|n|stc||o c su+s +gcnc|+s oc ||n+nc|+mcnto no c||ooo Os |ccu|sos +|
cons|oc|+oos |c|c|cm-sc +cn+s mont+gcm oos CVs nio contcm|+noo g+stos +ssoc|+oos
su+ m+nutcnio c gcstio
,
+bc-sc uc um+ +|cc|+ mu|to |c|cscnt+t|v+ oo mont+ntc +|oc+oo
ncsscs |o,ctos |ovcm oc cmcno+s +||+mcnt+|cs occnocnoo o|t+nto o+ |n|c|+t|v+ oo |n-
tc|cssc c oo g|+u oc o|g+n|z+io o+s ||oc|+n+s cst+ou+|s
|+ +|c+ oc s+uoc tooos os ,|| |o,ctos |o|+m ||n+nc|+oos o| mc|o oc co|t+|s oo C|| ou o+
||nc |+t+-sc oc |o,ctos oc csu|s+ +ssoc|+oos + tcm+s |c|cv+ntcs c o||cc|on+oos oc +co|oo
com os |ntc|csscs ,u|g+oos ||o||t+||os | |ntc|css+ntc not+| uc os co|t+|s oc s+uoc |c|cscnt+m
+,,/ c +|,/ |cscct|v+mcntc oo vo|umc oc |ccu|sos c oo tot+| oc |o,ctos +|oc+oos n+s +ocs
oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+| oo |^C| no c||ooo cons|oc|+oo |sscs v+|o|cs sio mu|to cx|cs-
s|vos sob|ctuoo u+noo cont|+ostos +o |+to oc uc + +|t|c|+io |c|+t|v+ oos ocm+|s co|t+|s
|+n+oos +|+ |o,ctos ocss+ n+tu|cz+ +|c+n+ +;o/ ocssc con,unto Cons|oc|+noo-sc +cn+s +
u+nt|+ o|son|b|||z+o+ o| mc|o oos co|t+|s oo C|| c ||nc cnvo|vcnoo +ocs oc C| +|+
o ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+| obsc|v+-sc uc + +|c+ oc s+uoc |c|cscnt+ ||+/ c ,;,/ |cscct|v+-
mcntc oos v+|o|cs concco|oos
^s +ocs oc +o|o + ^||s cnvo|vc|+m |ccu|sos co||csonocntcs + |,/ oo tot+| c+n+||z+oo c|o
|C +|+ +ocs oc C| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+| +ssoc|+o+s +o |^C| ^|cm oos v+|o|cs
sob |csons+b|||o+oc o+ cc|s cu|v+|cntcs + ,+./ oo tot+| +||c+oo contou-sc t+mbcm com
|ccu|sos |ovcn|cntcs oc co|t+|s oo C||
^s ocm+|s +ocs o|sc||m|n+o+s cmbo|+ |c|cscntcm cm con,unto +cn+s +,o/ oo mont+n-
tc +||c+oo cnvo|vcm ,o+/ oo tot+| oc |o,ctos +o|+oos oo+s o|socm +cn+s oc |ccu|sos
|ovcn|cntcs oos co|t+|s o+ ||nc c oo C|| m+s mu|t+s oc|+s cont+m com o +o|o c + |ntc|-
vcnio o||ct+ o+ cc|s | o c+so o| cxcm|o o+s +ocs oc tccno|og|+s +ss|st|v+s tcm+ uc |ntc-
, C+bc |css+|t+| +|no+ uc + cst|utu|+io oc mu|tos ocsscs ccnt|os cnvo|vcu |ccu|sos oc +|cc||os cst+ou+|s mun|c|+|s ou
||v+oos
Convc|gcnc|+ oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s um+ mctooo|og|+ +|+ + const|uio
oc +gcno+s oc +ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+|
+o,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
g|+ o |cuc oc |cocu+ocs o+ |c+|t+mcnto oc ^ocs |cg|on+|s ou o+s +ocs oc scgu|+n+
+||mcnt+| uc sc |c|c|cnc|+m no t|+b+||o ocscnvo|v|oo c|+ Coo|ocn+io-Cc|+| oc |csu|s+ c
|cscnvo|v|mcnto o+ cgu|+n+ ^||mcnt+| c |ut||c|on+|
Abrangncla terrltorlal das prlnclpals aes e programas sob a
responsabllldade da Secls
O con,unto oc |n|o|m+ocs o|son|b|||z+oo c|o |C c|m|tc uc sc obsc|vc com g|+noc ||-
ucz+ oc oct+||cs + o|st||bu|io tc|||to||+| oos |ccu|sos oo |^C| ocst|n+oos C| +|+ o
ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+| |mbo|+ nio sc,+ cssc o ob,cto oc |nvcst|g+io ocstc t|+b+||o c |mo|-
t+ntc com|ccnoc| + +b|+ngcnc|+ gcog|+||c+ o+s ||nc|+|s +ocs c |og|+m+s sob + |csons+-
b|||o+oc oo |C oc mooo + contcxtu+||z+| + s|tu+io oc c+o+ um oos cst+oos + sc|cm cnvo|-
v|oos nos cs|o|os oc convc|gcnc|+ |oostos |+|+ uc nio sc c|c+ o |oco contuoo otou-sc
o| +|cscnt+| +s |n|o|m+ocs oct+||+o+s o| un|o+ocs |coc|+t|v+s cm +ncxo |cst||ng|noo-sc +
+n+||sc ocst+ scio o|st||bu|io |cg|on+| oc |ccu|sos c |o,ctos com +|gum+s |ncu|socs |c|+t|-
v+s + s|tu+ocs cst+ou+|s oc g|+noc ocst+uc |+ |ox|m+ t+bc|+ |o|+m s|stcm+t|z+o+s +s +|-
t|c|+ocs |c|+t|v+s o+ c+o+ um+ o+s c|nco |cg|ocs o||t|co-+om|n|st|+t|v+s no tot+| oc |ccu|sos
+||c+oos c cm c+o+ um+ o+s +ocs |ocnt|||c+o+s
e
^s ||n|+s cm ocst+uc |cuncm |n|o|m+ocs
|c|+t|v+s s +ocs ||o||t+||+mcntc conouz|o+s c|+ cc|s
|mbo|+ too+s +s |cg|ocs c un|o+ocs |coc|+t|v+s contcm com +|gum+ +|cc|+ oos |ccu|sos oo
|^C| ocst|n+oo |nc|usio soc|+| + su+ o|st||bu|io |c||ct|noo + |c+||o+oc n+c|on+| |cvc|+-sc
b+st+ntc ocs|gu+| ^ ocsc|to oos cs|o|os |cccntcs c o+ m+n||cst+ |ntcnio oc ||o||z+| +s |c-
g|ocs m+|s c+|cntcs oo +|s n+ o|st||bu|io oc |ccu|sos +|+ |nc|usio soc|+| + |cg|io uocstc
con|o|mc sc ooc obsc|v+| +|no+ |csonoc o| um+ +|cc|+ mu|to cx|css|v+ oo con,unto oc
|ccu|sos c |o,ctos com cssc v|cs v|ncu|+oos +o ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|||co c tccno|og|co
|io obst+ntc cssc |+to obsc|v+-sc uc os c|ccntu+|s oc +|t|c|+io oc |se/ oo mont+ntc
tot+| +||c+oo c ,,/ oos |o,ctos +o|+oos cnt|c os +nos oc .oo, c .oos sio |n|c||o|cs +|t|c|-
+io oo uocstc no ||oouto |ntc|no ||uto (|||) c n+ ou|+io n+c|on+| o+ o|ocm |cscct|v+-
mcntc oc ,es/ c |.e/
;
^ conccnt|+io oc |ccu|sos +|+ + |cg|io cnt|ct+nto +|no+ c b+st+ntc
cv|ocntc u+noo sc cx+m|n+m +|gum+s +ocs cscc|||c+s como c o c+so oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto
|oc+| s+uoc CVs |ccu|sos ||o||cos c ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+| c ou|+||z+io oc C
Os numc|os |no|c+m uc + m+|o| |+c|||o+oc oc +ccsso +os |ccu|sos o||cc|on+oos + C| +|+ |n-
c|usio soc|+| o| mc|o oc co|t+|s (|^C|||| C^V^|C^|| |^|^CC|O| .oo,) como c
e ^s +bc|+s oo ^ncxo || +|cscnt+m |cscct|v+mcntc os v+|o|cs +bso|utos c +s +|t|c|+ocs |c|+t|v+s oc c+o+ um+ o+s un|o+-
ocs |coc|+t|v+s n+s +ocs oc C| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+|
; |+oos oo ||C| |c|+t|vos + .ooe
|monc |oc|m+n & C|+utc| |oc|+
++o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
|ov+vc|mcntc o c+so o+ s+uoc nio c + un|c+ cx||c+io +|+ + c|cv+o+ conccnt|+io |cg|on+|
uc sc +|cscnt+ t+mbcm cm |og|+m+s cu,+ +||c+io oc |ccu|sos scguc out|os |occo|mcn-
tos |o c+so oos CVs o| cxcm|o um+ cx||c+io cncont|+o+ +|+ + s|gn|||c+t|v+ +|t|c|+-
io |c|+t|v+ o+ |cg|io uocstc c cm +|t|cu|+| oo cst+oo oc ||n+s Cc|+|s c o numc|o oc
cmcno+s +||+mcnt+|cs +|ov+o+s (CC|| .oo,) uc oc cc|to mooo |c||ctc o g|+u oc o|g+n|z+-
io o||t|c+ o+s comun|o+ocs |oc+|s c + +g|||o+oc oc su+ b+sc +||+mcnt+|
1abela :. |C +|t|c|+io |cg|on+| n+s +ocs oc C| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+| .oo,;.oos
Horte Hordeste Centro-oeste Sudeste Sul 1otal (ks mll)
ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc|+| c
|ou|+||z+io oc C
0` !0.` c` 4` ` !c.c
|nc|usio ||g|t+| 4c` .c` 1` !4` 1.4` .c0.4
Ccnt|o Voc+c|on+|
ccno|og|co
c` .!1` c` o.4` 0c` .1!0o
+uoc .!` 1oc` !1` o` 1.1` 1!0c4
^||+n,o ||oout|vo |oc+| o.` 4c4` .!` 100` 11` 0.1
ccno|og|+s oc|+|s c
^ss|st|v+s
1!` 1!` c` 1o` 40` !.0o
|ouc+io Cu|tu|+
|so|tc c |+zc|
04` ` .1` 10o` 0` .o!o
cgu|+n+ ^||mcnt+| c
|ut||c|on+|
` !` 1c` !!!` c0` .!o0
|conom|+ o||o+||+ o0` .1` !0` 4` 1o` .1o!44
+nc+mcnto ^mb|cnt+| ..` 1c` 101` 40o` .co` .11414
|ccu|sos ||o||cos 00` .c4` .` o` 1!0` 1.104
^g||cu|tu|+ |+m|||+| 1!` .c` ` 1!.` !` c!1!
|+b|t+io 11` 1c4` !0` 40` .c` c!1c
|cscnvo|v|mcnto |oc+| 00` .!` 00` !!` 44` o1!o
|c|+ocs oc Ccnc|o 4.` .11` !` 4o` 1c` 4..
C+oc|+s ||oout|v+s oc
|ccu|sos |csuc||os
41` 00` ` 00` 00` .4!o
1O1AL !,8+ 27,6+ !0,6+ 48,6+ 9,4+ !.!06.!7,4
rojetos 7,6+ 26,9+ 9,!+ !9,0+ !7,!+ !.74!,0
|co:e n:://:eoo.:c.o/ ^.essc eo .o/o,/.oo,
|'aocaac ca
|cun|noo .;e/ oos |ccu|sos c .e,/ oos |o,ctos + |cg|io |o|ocstc nio ++|ccc m+| os|c|o-
n+o+ cm gc|+| +|cscnt+oo um+ +|t|c|+io +|t|cu|+|mcntc os|t|v+ n+s +ocs oc couc+io
cu|tu|+ cso|tc c |+zc| +g||cu|tu|+ |+m|||+| ^||s c scgu|+n+ +||mcnt+|
s
|ss+s +ocs sio m+|s
s V+|c c|+m+| +tcnio +|+ +s +|t|c|+ocs |c|+t|v+s ocss+ |cg|io no ||| c n+ ou|+io oo +|s uc +t|ng|+m |cscct|v+mcntc
+,+/ c .;;/ cm .ooe |sscs numc|os const|tucm-sc cm |c|c|cnc|+s |mo|t+ntcs +|+ + +n+||sc
Convc|gcnc|+ oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s um+ mctooo|og|+ +|+ + const|uio
oc +gcno+s oc +ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+|
+++
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
|c|cscnt+t|v+s cm +|guns cst+oos cscc|||cos como c o c+so oo ||o C|+noc oo |o|tc uc con-
ccnt|+ ;,+/ oo tot+| oc |ccu|sos o||cc|on+oos s +ocs oc couc+io cu|tu|+ cso|tc c |+zc| no
+|s ou oo Cc+|+ uc |csonoc o| .s,/ oo tot+| +||c+oo n+s +ocs oc +g||cu|tu|+ |+m|||+|
|o c+so oos ^||s os ocst+ucs ||c+m o| cont+ oc |c|n+mbuco c oo Cc+|+ uc conccnt|+m
|cscct|v+mcntc .../ c +e,/ oo tot+| n+c|on+| |c|n+mbuco c |+|+|b+ ++|cccm com |ocm|-
ncnc|+ n+s +ocs oc scgu|+n+ +||mcnt+| c nut||c|on+| octcnoo con,unt+mcntc .+,/ oo tot+|
+||c+oo no ||+s|| no c||ooo cons|oc|+oo ^ |+||+ o| su+ vcz +|cscnt+ cc|to |c+|cc n+s +ocs
oc |nc|usio o|g|t+| tcnoo c+tu|+oo cc|c+ oc +o./ oo tot+| o|son|b|||z+oo +|+ o +|s
^ |cg|io Ccnt|o-Ocstc uc |csonoc o| +oe/ oos |ccu|sos +||c+oos c ,+/ oos |o,ctos
+o|+oos |cvc|+-sc +|t|cu|+|mcntc bcm succo|o+ n+ c+t+io o+s +ocs oc ^||s scgu|+n+
+||mcnt+| s+nc+mcnto +mb|cnt+| c |nc|usio o|g|t+| |os t|cs ||mc||os c+sos o ocst+uc ||c+ o|
cont+ oo ||st||to |coc|+| uc conccnt|ou |cscct|v+mcntc +;+/ +|./ c ,e/ oo mont+ntc
o|||g|oo s +ocs oc ^|| scgu|+n+ +||mcnt+| c s+nc+mcnto +mb|cnt+| no +|s ^s |n|c|+t|v+s
vo|t+o+s +|+ + |nc|usio o|g|t+| o| su+ vcz |o|t+|ccc|+m-sc no Ccnt|o-Ocstc cm |unio o+ o-
s|io |c|+t|v+ ocu+o+ c|o |+to-C|osso uc |cccbcu ++,/ oo tot+| +||c+oo n+c|on+|mcntc
|+s |cg|ocs u| c |o|tc c|+m+ + +tcnio o o||c|cnc|+| obsc|v+oo cnt|c +s +|t|c|+ocs |c|+t|v+s
no tot+| oc |ccu|sos c no con,unto oc |o,ctos uc oss|vc|mcntc |cvc|+ um+ tcnocnc|+ cxc-
cuio oc |o,ctos oc mcno| o|tc |o u| c o|gno oc not+ o c|ccntu+| oc +|t|c|+io |cg|st|+-
oo n+s +ocs oc tccno|og|+s soc|+|s c +ss|st|v+s |+b|t+io s+nc+mcnto +mb|cnt+| cconom|+ so-
||o+||+ |c|+ocs oc gcnc|o c |ccu|sos ||o||cos |os oo|s ||mc||os c+sos +s +ocs sc conccnt|+m
no cst+oo oc +nt+ C+t+||n+ uc |csonoc o| .e,/ c +,,/ |cscct|v+mcntc oos |ccu|sos
ocst|n+oos s +ocs oc tccno|og|+s soc|+|s c +ss|st|v+s c |+b|t+io no +|s |ssc mcsmo cst+-
oo +o |+oo oo |+|+n+ ocst+c+-sc t+mbcm n+ |c+||z+io oc |o,ctos oc s+nc+mcnto +mb|cnt+|
cnu+nto o ||o C|+noc oo u| c+tu|+ um+ |oo|io |c|+t|v+mcntc c|cv+o+ oos |ccu|sos +|+
|o,ctos |c|+c|on+oos + ucstocs oc gcnc|o c |ccu|sos ||o||cos ^s +ocs oc cconom|+ so||o+||+
o| ||m o|st||bucm-sc cnt|c os t|cs cst+oos com +|t|c|+ocs |c|+t|v+s m+|s c|cv+o+s oo |+|+n+
c oo ||o C|+noc oo u| uc |cccbcm |cscct|v+mcntc s,/ c ;./ oo tot+| +||c+oo n+c|on+|-
mcntc cm |o,ctos ocss+ n+tu|cz+
|o c+so o+ |cg|io |o|tc uc sc bcnc||c|+ oc ,s/ oo tot+| +||c+oo c +b||g+ ;e/ oos |o,ctos
+o|+oos c|+m+ oc |mco|+to + +tcnio o |+to oc uc |cccbc + u+sc tot+||o+oc oo mont+ntc
ocst|n+oo +o |o|t+|cc|mcnto oc c+oc|+s |oout|v+s oc |ccu|sos csuc||os
,
^cn+s ,,/ ocs-
sc tot+| ocst|n+m-sc +o cst+oo oo |+to-C|osso conccnt|+noo-sc tooo o |cst+ntc nos cst+oos
oo ^m+zon+s |+|+ c oc+nt|ns ^s +ocs oc tccno|og|+s soc|+|s c +ss|st|v+s sio t+mbcm |c|c-
scnt+t|v+s n+ |cg|io +|c+n+noo ++,/ oo tot+| +||c+oo no +|s conccnt|+oos nos cst+oos oo
, ^ |cg|io |o|tc cm .ooe oct|n|+ ,+/ oo ||| c s+/ o+ ou|+io oo ||+s||
|monc |oc|m+n & C|+utc| |oc|+
++:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
^m+zon+s c |+|+ O |+|+ t+mbcm tcm cc|t+ |mo|tnc|+ n+s +ocs oc ^||s c CVs octcnoo
|cscct|v+mcntc ,|/ c |e/ oo tot+| n+c|on+| cnu+nto o ^m+zon+s octcm ,;/ oos |c-
cu|sos ocst|n+oos s +ocs oc C | +|+ |nc|usio soc|+| +ssoc|+o+s +g||cu|tu|+ |+m|||+| no +|s
Agendas de convergncla das aes de C18| para lncluso soclal
^s +gcno+s oc convc|gcnc|+ busc+m t|++| o||ct||zcs uc c|m|t+m +|ox|m+| +s |n|c|+t|v+s cs-
t+ou+|s oos |nst|umcntos oc +o|o o|son|b|||z+oos c|o govc|no |coc|+| o| mc|o o+ cc|s
cst|utu|+noo um |+no oc t|+b+||o con,unto uc v|+b|||zc + cxccuio oc +ocs oc |ntc|cssc
comum |sc|+-sc uc c|+s m|n|m|zcm + o|sc|sio oc cs|o|os c |ccu|sos c|m|t|noo o com-
+|t|||+mcnto o+s cst|utu|+s c +ocs oc mooo + o|||g|-|+s oc m+nc||+ o|ocn+o+ c c||c|cntc +|+
||ns comuns |+t+-sc o|t+nto oc um |occsso |nout|vo oc convc|gcnc|+ oc +ocs uc ocvc
sc| +||mo|+oo c +m||+oo
^ +|t|| oc csu|s+ b|b||og|+||c+ c o+ |c+||z+io oc cnt|cv|st+s scm|-cst|utu|+o+s com +gcntcs
|ocm|ncntcs co|ct+|+m-sc |n|o|m+ocs |c|cv+ntcs +|+ o t|+b+||o ^ s|stcm+t|z+io ocss+s |n-
|o|m+ocs c + +n+||sc oo con,unto oc c|cmcntos |ocnt|||c+oos c oc su+s |ntc|+ocs const|tu||+m-
sc cm subs|o|os |uno+mcnt+|s +|+ uc sc cst|utu|+ssc um+ v|sio +cc|c+ oo g|+u oc |ntc|scocs
c s|nc|g|+s cnt|c + cst|utu|+ |oout|v+ cst+ou+| + b+sc tccn|co-c|cnt|||c+ cx|stcntc c +s ||nc|+|s
+ocs oc |omcnto c +o|o C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+| o|son|vc|s |ss+ v|sio c|m|t|u uc sc
o||cnt+ssc oc m+nc||+ ocmoc|+t|c+ c +|t|c|+t|v+ + const|uio oc +gcno+s oc convc|gcnc|+
o+s +ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+| uc +ont+m c+m|n|os c o||cnt+m + t|+,cto||+ oc +tu+-
io o+ cc|s c oos govc|nos cst+ou+|s cnvo|v|oos
O |cv+nt+mcnto c + s|stcm+t|z+io oc o+oos c |n|o|m+ocs |c|+t|v+s s b+scs |oout|v+s cst+-
ou+|s s |nst|tu|ocs tccn|co-c|cnt|||c+s +tu+ntcs c s ||nc|+|s |n|c|+t|v+s |coc|+|s c cst+ou+|s oc
C| +|+ + |nc|usio soc|+| c|m|t||+m uc sc |ocnt|||c+sscm +|gum+s |+cun+s c oo|tun|o+ocs
uc ,ust|||c+m + |oos|io oc cs|o|os oc convc|gcnc|+s o+s +ocs o+ cc|s c o+s cnt|o+ocs cs-
t+ou+|s |io sc |ctcnoc com |sso cx+u||| too+s +s oss|b|||o+ocs m+s +ont+| c+m|n|os |+c-
t|vc|s cu,+ |ocnt|||c+io sc ,ust|||c+ nio +cn+s c|+s cono|ocs +|cscnt+o+s nos +no|+m+s
t|++oos m+s t+mbcm c|+ c++c|o+oc c o|sos|io oos ||nc|+|s +gcntcs cnvo|v|oos |cssc
scnt|oo +|gum+s o+s |oc|+s |o|+m +vcnt+o+s n+s |o||+s cnt|cv|st+s c o|scut|o+s o||c|n+s |c+||z+-
o+s tcnoo s|oo ostc||o|mcntc +m+ou|cc|o+s c +||mo|+o+s
^ |cocu+io |uno+mcnt+| +o |cun|| |oost+s oc +ocs c++zcs oc |+zc| convc|g|| o cmc-
n|o o+s |nstnc|+s |coc|+|s c cst+ou+|s no ocscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|||co c tccno|og|co cm |+vo| o+
|nc|usio soc|+| c cncont|+| oss|b|||o+ocs conc|ct+s oc +||c+io oc |og|+m+s c o||t|c+s ub||-
c+s uc otcnc|+||zcm |csu|t+oos c |ccnc|+m +|no+ uc +|c|+|mcntc os v+z|os |ocnt|||c+oos
|+|+ t+nto c |uno+mcnt+| ||v||cg|+| +|mct|os oc s|m||c|o+oc c +||n|o+oc |sscs +|mct|os
Convc|gcnc|+ oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s um+ mctooo|og|+ +|+ + const|uio
oc +gcno+s oc +ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+|
++,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
octc|m|n+m + cst|utu|+io oc |oost+s uc |cv+m cm cons|oc|+io + oss|b|||o+oc oc con-
vc|gcnc|+ ||s|c+ c oc|+c|on+| o+s +ocs +ss|m como o cst+bc|cc|mcnto oc +|cc||+s |ntc||nst|tu-
c|on+|s | t+mbcm |m|csc|no|vc| uc +s +ocs cstc,+m v|ncu|+o+s +os |oos|tos o+s ||n|+s oc
+io ou|+||z+io oc C| c mc||o||+ oo cns|no c tccno|og|+s +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+|
+ssoc|+o+s ||o||o+oc cst|+tcg|c+ C| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+| oo |^C| um+ vcz uc
os |og|+m+s c +ocs o+ cc|s subo|o|n+m-sc +os scus ob,ct|vos
|c mooo + o|ocn+| |oc|+s |c|+t|v+s s ||o||o+ocs cst+ou+|s convc|gcntcs cst+bc|ccc|+m-sc c|-
xos tcm+t|cos v|ncu|+oos +os ||nc|+|s |og|+m+s o+ cc|s cu,os ob,ct|vos sio +|cscnt+oos
+ scgu|| ^ +|t|| ocsscs c|xos c oss|vc| oc||n|| +s +ocs oct+||+noo os scus ob,ct|vos c +s |ns-
t|tu|ocs cnvo|v|o+s o uc v+| con|c||| cons|stcnc|+ c c|co|b|||o+oc cxccuio o+s +gcno+s oc
convc|gcnc|+
Llxos tematlcos
||xo + Lducao tecnlca e vocaclonal para lncluso soclal
Ob,ct|vo ocst|n+-sc + |o|m+t+| +ocs + sc|cm cm|ccno|o+s cm +|cc||+ com os cst+oos
v|s+noo + const|uio +m||+io c;ou mooc|n|z+io oc CVs
||xo . |ncluso dlgltal
Ob,ct|vo + +|t|| o+s |+cun+s |ocnt|c+o+s v|s+ com|cmcnt+| c |o|t+|ccc| + |coc oc |n-
c|usio o|g|t+| nos cst+oos
||xo , Apolo a ALs emergentes
Ob,ct|vo tcm o |oos|to oc |omcnt+| + o|g+n|z+io oc ^||s cmc|gcntcs oc mooo +
+ocns+| +s b+scs |oout|v+s c |o|t+|ccc| + +|t|cu|+io oos +gcntcs cst+ou+|s
||xo | Apolo pesqulsa e extenso para lncluso soclal
Ob,ct|vo + |ocnt|c+io oc otcnc|+||o+ocs |oc+|s sustcnt+ cssc c|xo tcm+t|co cu,o ob,c-
t|vo c cst|mu|+| o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccno|og|+s soc|+|s tccno|og|+s +ss|st|v+s c tccno-
|og|+s oc |cs|ouos +ocu+o+s s cscc|c|o+ocs oc c+o+ cs+o
||xo , Ulruso e popularlzao da clncla
Ob,ct|vo v|s+ o|sscm|n+| o |ntc|cssc c|+ c|cnc|+ +|t|cu|+noo +ocs oc o|vu|g+io c||+io
c |o|t+|cc|mcnto oc ccnt|os oc C| |oouio oc m+tc||+| o|o+t|co c cst|mu|o +o cstuoo
c +o |ng|csso n+s +|c+s c|cnt|c+ c tccno|og|c+
|monc |oc|m+n & C|+utc| |oc|+
++
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
|c|+ss+noo csscs c|xos ou+s |oos|ocs oc o|ocm gc|+| sustcnt+m o con,unto oc sugcstocs c
sc +||c+m + tooos os cst+oos cnvo|v|oos nos cs|o|os oc const|uio oc +gcno+s oc convc|gcn-
c|+ |oostos c|+ cc|s
^ ||mc||+ oc|+s v|s+ cst|utu|+| +ocu+oos mcc+n|smos oc gcstio cons|oc|+noo +s o|||cu|o+-
ocs uc cnvo|vcm + cont|nu+ |ntc|+io oc mu|t||+s |nst|tu|ocs sob|ctuoo u+noo v|ncu|+o+s
+ o||c|cntcs |nstnc|+s |coc|+t|v+s ^ss|m +|ccc |no|scns+vc| + const|tu|io oc g|uos |nst|-
tuc|on+||z+oos oc |ntc||ocuio com + cc|s |c|cscnt+oos o| um coo|ocn+oo| |o|m+|mcntc
ocs|gn+oo |sscs g|uos sc|io comostos o| too+s +s |nst|tu|ocs +|t|c|+ntcs o+s +ocs oc||-
n|o+s c o| um |c|cscnt+ntc o+ cc|s | |uno+mcnt+| uc sc oc||n+m no mb|to ocsscs g|uos
oc gcstio +s |nst|tu|ocs |csons+vc|s o| ||oc|+| c+o+ um+ o+s +ocs c|cnc+o+s |ss+s ||oc|+n-
+s ocvc|io cst+bc|ccc| |ntc||ocuio o||ct+ com + cc|s c com +s ocm+|s cnt|o+ocs +|cc||+s
|csons+b|||z+noo-sc c|o cum||mcnto o+s +ocs c |oonoo +t||bu|ocs +ssoc|+o+s s +ocs
sc|cc|on+o+s oc mooo uc sc oss+ +com+n|+| c +,ust+| +s o|vc|s+s ct++s oos scus |occssos
oc |m|cmcnt+io scm|c uc ncccss+||o |o mb|to o+ cc|s o| out|o |+oo ocvc-sc t+mbcm
cont+| com um +com+n|+mcnto tccn|co s|stcm+t|co uc sug||+ +s ncccss+||+s |ngc|cnc|+s c
tomc +s |ov|ocnc|+s c+b|vc|s +|+ uc sc,+m cum||oos os ob,ct|vos oc||n|oos
Instituio lder:
Ao 1.1
MCT/SECIS
Instituies
Estaduais
Participantes
Grupos de Gesto das
agendas de CT&I para
a incluso Social
Instituio lder:
Ao 1.2
Instituio lder:
Ao 2.1
Instituio lder:
Ao 3.1
Implementao das aes
|lgura +. |ooc|o oc Ccstio o+s ^gcno+s oc Convc|gcnc|+
Convc|gcnc|+ oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s um+ mctooo|og|+ +|+ + const|uio
oc +gcno+s oc +ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+|
++,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
^ scguno+ |oos|io c occo||cnc|+ o||ct+ o+ ncccss|o+oc oc +|ox|m+| os |og|+m+s c o-
||t|c+s ub||c+s |coc|+|s o+ |c+||o+oc oc c+o+ |cg|io |oos|to no|tc+oo| o+s |o||+s +gcno+s
cm const|uio u+nto m+|s +oc|cntc s cscc|||c|o+ocs oc c+o+ tc|||to||o m+|o|cs +s c|+nccs
oc cx|to o+s +ocs ub||c+s c m+|o| + tcnocnc|+ oc uc cxc|+m c|c|tos soc|+|s os|t|vos |sso c
+|t|cu|+|mcntc vc|o+oc||o no c+so oc |n|c|+t|v+s vo|t+o+s +|+ os |oos|tos oc |nc|usio soc|+|
uc nio sio usu+|mcntc un|vc|s+|s m+s sc ocst|n+m + ub||cos cscc|||cos c |c+||o+ocs o|st|n-
t+s cu,+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s c ccu||+||o+ocs ocvcm sc| |cv+o+s cm cons|oc|+io |cssc scnt|oo o
cst+bc|cc|mcnto oc g|uos oc t|+b+||o |ntc||nst|tuc|on+|s +|+ + c|+bo|+io oc co|t+|s |oc+oos
n+s cscc|||c|o+ocs |cg|on+|s cnvo|vcnoo |n|c|+t|v+s no mb|to oos |og|+m+s oc CVs |nc|usio
o|g|t+| scgu|+n+ +||mcnt+| c ^||s cnt|c out|os +|ccc mu|to oo|tuno
||cvc-sc um |+zo oc oo|s +nos +|+ + cxccuio o+s +ocs |oost+s |o| um |+oo cons|oc|+-
sc o tcmo ncccss+||o +|+ cst|utu|+io o+s t+|c|+s c + m+tu|+io oos |o,ctos uc |cuc| o
cst+bc|cc|mcnto oc um |o||zontc oc mco|o |+zo |o| out|o |cv+-sc cm cont+ + o|||cu|o+oc oc
+sscgu|+| num |o||zontc m+|s +m|o + cont|nu|o+oc oc +ocs |nsc||o+s num+ cxc||cnc|+ |o-
nc||+ oc |o|mu|+io oc +gcno+s oc convc|gcnc|+ ||ooc-sc +|no+ uc +s +ocs sc,+m |cv|st+s
+nu+|mcntc oc m+nc||+ + +ocu+|cm-sc s o|son|b|||o+ocs ||n+ncc||+s c +os +v+nos ||s|cos ob-
sc|v+oos C+bc|+ s |nst|tu|ocs ||oc|cs oc c+o+ +io + +|cscnt+io o+s |oost+s c ,ust|||c+t|v+s
oc +,ustcs +os g|uos |nst|tuc|on+||z+oos const|tu|oos
| t+mbcm |mo|t+ntc uc + cxccuio o+s +ocs o+s +gcno+s oc convc|gcnc|+ sc,+ mon|to|+o+
o| mc|o oc um s|stcm+ oc +com+n|+mcnto c +v+||+io O cst+bc|cc|mcnto oc +t|v|o+ocs cs-
cc|||c+s +ssoc|+o+s c+o+ +io c + ostc||o| oc||n|io oc um c|onog|+m+ oc t+|c|+s o| c+o+
um+ o+s |nst|tu|ocs ||oc|cs o|st||bu|noo +|+zc|cs c |csons+b|||o+ocs c ||x+noo |+zos +|+ o
scu cum||mcnto sio +|tcs |ntcg|+ntcs ocssc s|stcm+ ^|cm o|sso c |uno+mcnt+| uc sc oc-
||n+m +ssoc|+oos + cssc c|onog|+m+ +s |ontcs oc |ccu|sos c os |+zos oc ocscmbo|sos |cv|s-
tos ||ooc-sc uc +s |nst|tu|ocs ||oc|cs oc c+o+ +io +|cscntcm +o g|uo gcsto| o+s +gcno+s
oc convc|gcnc|+ +|cm oo c|onog|+m+ |n|c|+| oc t|+b+||o |c|+to||os scmcst|+|s oc +com+n|+-
mcnto uc cscc|||ucm os |csu|t+oos +|c+n+oos c +s o|||cu|o+ocs |ocnt|||c+o+s n+ cxccuio
oc c+o+ +io C+bc|+ +o g|uo gcsto| o|+ntc oos obst+cu|os +ont+oos tom+| +s |ov|ocnc|+s
ncccss+||+s +|+ + consccuio oos ob,ct|vos oc||n|oos O |c|cscnt+ntc o+ cc|s ocvc cst+| +|-
t|cu|+|mcntc cnvo|v|oo ncssc +com+n|+mcnto
^o ||n+| oo |+zo cst+bc|cc|oo +|+ +s +gcno+s oc convc|gcnc|+ c |uno+mcnt+| uc sc |occo+
+ um+ +v+||+io oos |csu|t+oos c oos |m+ctos +|c+n+oos |ss+ +v+||+io no|tc+|+ + cont|nu|o+-
oc oo |occsso c + |c+ctu+io o+s +gcno+s +|+ um novo c||ooo +os + conc|usio oos oo|s
+nos oc t|+b+||o |nst|tu|oos
|monc |oc|m+n & C|+utc| |oc|+
++o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,

MCT/SECIS
Instituies
Estaduais
Participantes
Cronograma
Inicial de Tarefas
Relatrios
Semestrais de
Acompanhamento
Grupos de Gesto das
agendas de Ct&I para
a incluso Social
Instituio lder:
Ao 1.1
Instituio lder:
Ao 1.2
Instituio lder:
Ao 2.1
Instituio lder:
Ao 3.1
|lgura :. |stcm+ oc ^com+n|+mcnto c |ntc||ocuocs
z... A construo das agendas. uma proposta metodologlca
^ ocsc||io oos |occo|mcntos mctooo|og|cos +|+ + const|uio o+s +gcno+s oc convc|gcn-
c|+ o+s +ocs oc C| +|+ + |nc|usio soc|+| c um+ t+|c|+ |c|cv+ntc +|+ + o|sscm|n+io ocss+
|n|c|+t|v+ Cons|oc|+-sc nio +cn+s + |ntcnio m+n||cst+ c|+ cc|s oc cstcnoc| css+ cxc||cnc|+
|onc||+ +|+ out|+s un|o+ocs o+ |coc|+io como + oss|b|||o+oc oc uc os cs|o|os oc convc|-
gcnc|+ |c|+t+oos oss+m |ns||+| out|+s |nstnc|+s cxccut|v+s + +v+n+| ncss+ o||cio
^ ||gu|+ + scgu|| +|cscnt+ um+ |c|cscnt+io csucm+t|c+ o+s o||ct||zcs mctooo|og|c+s |o-
ost+s c +oot+o+s +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oos t|+b+||os nos cst+oos oo ^c|c c oo ||o C|+noc
oo |o|tc Con|o|mc sc ooc obsc|v+| + cst|+tcg|+ o|v|oc-sc cm t|cs g|+nocs |+scs |o mb|to oc
c+o+ um+ oc|+s oc||nc-sc um+ succssio oc +t|v|o+ocs c um con,unto oc |csu|t+oos csc|+oos
Convc|gcnc|+ oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s um+ mctooo|og|+ +|+ + const|uio
oc +gcno+s oc +ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+|
++)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
Atividades preliminares
|c|n|io oos cst+oos ,+:cc|:os
^||n|+mcnto o+s cx,cct+t|v+s c ob,ct|vos (C||. :|C|:-|C1. |st+oos |+:cc|:os c :t+|c|o|oc:s)
|ct+||+mcnto c +,:ov+io oo 1c:mo oc |c|c:cnc|+
|ct+||+mcnto c +,:ov+io oo ,:o,cto cxccut|vo
Estudos preliminares
|+,c+mcnto c +n+||sc o+ cst:utu:+ ,:oout|v+ oos cst+oos +|vo (^||s)
|+,c+mcnto c +n+||sc o+ b+sc tccn|co-c|cnt||c+ oos cst+oos +|vo
|+,c+mcnto c +n+||sc o+s ,o||t|c+s c ,:og:+m+s |coc:+|s c cst+ou+|s convc:gcntcs
|ocnt||c+io o+s |ntc:sccs cnt:c b+sc ,:oout|v+. b+sc tccn|co-c|cnt||c+ c +cs oc |omcnto;+,o|o
O|c|n+ oc +,:cscnt+io. +,c:|c|o+mcnto c v+||o+io oos cstuoos
,:c||m|n+:cs cm c+o+ cst+oo
|:c,+:+io oc su,o:tc +s o|c|n+s oc ,|+nc,+mcnto (c+oc:nos oc t:+b+||o)
O|c|n+ oc ,|+nc,+mcnto cm c+o+ cst+oo
||+bo:+io oos ,|+nos C18| ,+:+ |nc|usio soc|+| oos oo|s cst+oos
- O|c|n+ oc +,:cscnt+io c v+||o+io oo ||+no cm 8:+s|||+
- |cv|sio oos ,|+nos
^gcno+s oc convc:gcnc|+ oc ^cs oc C18| ,+:+ |nc|usio soc|+| ,+:+ oo|s cst+oos b:+s||c|:os
|
^
:
|

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^
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^
1
O
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^
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^
:
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:
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O
|
V
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1
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^
:
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^

^
O
|lgura ,. |||ct||zcs |ctooo|og|c+s ^oot+o+s
^ |+sc |c+|+to||+ +b|+ngcu +t|v|o+ocs |c|cv+ntcs +|+ + oc||n|io oo cscoo oos ob,ct|vos c
o+ mctooo|og|+ oc t|+b+||o cnvo|vcnoo o|vc|s+s |cun|ocs c consu|t+s cc|s;|C c + |nst|tu|-
ocs c +gcntcs v|ncu|+oos +o govc|no oos cst+oos |nc|u|oos no |o,cto ^ |o||+ oc||n|io oos
cst+oos +|cc||os os cs|o|os oc +||n|+mcnto o+s cxcct+t|v+s c ob,ct|vos oo t|+b+||o com +s
cu|cs tccn|c+s c os o|||gcntcs o+s scc|ct+||+s cnvo|v|o+s o oct+||+mcnto oo tc|mo oc |c|c|cn-
c|+ c + c|+bo|+io oc um |+no oc t|+b+||o const|tu||+m +t|v|o+ocs |c||m|n+|cs uc comusc-
|+m css+ ct++
|monc |oc|m+n & C|+utc| |oc|+
++s
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
|c mooo + scns|b|||z+| o|||gcntcs cst+ou+|s c |cco||c| |n|o|m+ocs |c||m|n+|cs +cc|c+ o+s |n|c|+-
t|v+s cst+ou+|s oc C| +|+ + |nc|usio soc|+| + cu|c tccn|c+ |csons+vc| c|+ c|+bo|+io oo
t|+b+||o |cun|u-sc cm momcntos o|st|ntos com os t|tu|+|cs o+s +st+s oc C cst+ou+|s uc
m+n||cst+|+m |ntc|cssc no t|+b+||o c co|oc+|+m o|sos|io +|+ m+|o|cs |n|o|m+ocs c csc|+-
|cc|mcntos |unc|on+||os u+||||c+oos oc su+s cu|cs oc t|+b+||o
Com v|st+s + con|ccc| os ||nc|+|s |og|+m+s cxccut+oos c|+ cc|s;|C c + v|sio oo scu ||n-
c|+| o|||gcntc o|g+n|zou-sc |cun|io com o scc|ct+||o oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ +|+ |nc|usio so-
c|+| | |oc C+||o V+||c c +|guns mcmb|os oc su+ cu|c ^ |oc|+ c uc |osscm oct+||+oos ncss+
oc+s|io os ||nc|+|s |nst|umcntos o|son|vc|s nos |og|+m+s sob |csons+b|||o+oc o+ cc|s oc
mooo + o||cnt+| o +no+mcnto o+s csu|s+s nos oo|s cst+oos sc|cc|on+oos
|+|+ |omovc| um +||n|+mcnto o+s cxcct+t|v+s c |cc|s+| os ob,ct|vos gc|+|s c cscc|||cos oo
t|+b+||o |c+||zou-sc +ntcs oo |n|c|o o+s cnt|cv|st+s + O||c|n+ oc ||+nc,+mcnto oo |o,cto uc
contou com + |cscn+ oc o|||gcntcs c tccn|cos oos cst+oos o+ cc|s;|C c oo CC|| +|cm o+
+|t|c|+io oc +|guns conv|o+oos sc|cc|on+oos |o| + +|t|| ocss+ o||c|n+ uc sc conscgu|u +v+n-
+| no oct+||+mcnto oo tc|mo oc |c|c|cnc|+ oo t|+b+||o cst+bc|cccnoo com m+|o| scgu|+n+ c
|cc|sio +s |n|o|m+ocs c |oost+s oo |+no oc t|+b+||o uc no|tcou o |o,cto
^|no+ n+ |+sc |c+|+to||+ cncont|+-sc + +t|v|o+oc oc c|+bo|+io oc cstuoos |c||m|n+|cs cnvo|-
vcnoo + +n+||sc o+s cst|utu|+s |oout|v+s c o+ b+sc tccn|co-c|cnt|||c+ oos cst+oos sustcnt+oos o|
csu|s+ b|b||og|+||c+ c|+ co|ct+ oc o+oos c |n|o|m+ocs sccuno+||+s c c|+ |c+||z+io oc v|s|t+s
c cnt|cv|st+s scm|-cst|utu|+o+s +|+ + co|ct+ oc |n|o|m+ocs ||m+||+s com +gcntcs |c|cv+ntcs
+o

|sscs mcsmos |ccu|sos |o|+m ut|||z+oos +|+ |ocnt|||c+| o+s ||nc|+|s +ocs o||t|c+s c |og|+m+s
|coc|+|s c cst+ou+|s oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+| Com os |csu|t+oos ocsscs cs|o|os |o| oss|vc|
+v+n+| +|+ um+ |ocnt|||c+io |cv|+ o+s convc|gcnc|+s c s|nc|g|+s cx|stcntcs cnt|c +s cst|utu-
|+s |oout|v+s c tccn|co-c|cnt|||c+s o|son|vc|s c +s +ocs oc |omcnto |ocnt|||c+o+s |+ scucnc|+
oct+||+m-sc +|gum+s |n|o|m+ocs |cco|||o+s +|+ os |c|+to||os oc mooo + s|stcm+t|z+| + mctooo-
|og|+ scgu|o+ c c||+| |c|c|cnc|+s +|+ + cxccuio oc cstuoos +n+|ogos cnvo|vcnoo out|os cst+oos
Como ||mc||+ |ontc oc csu|s+ |c|c|cntc b+sc |oout|v+ cst+ou+| |ocnt|||cou-sc o ||C| uc
|cunc cst+t|st|c+s o| cst+oos c mun|c||os |+c||mcntc +ccss|vc|s cm |tt;;www|bgcgovb|;cs-
t+oos+t; c |tt;;www|bgcgovb|;c|o+ocs+t;tow|noow|tm+ |m scgu|o+ busc+|+m-sc nos
|c|+to||os c cstuoos tccn|cos |c|+t|vos +os cst+oos c n+s |ontcs +c+ocm|c+s |ocnt|||c+o+s |n|o|-
m+ocs |cccntcs ,+ o|g+n|z+o+s oc mooo + usu||u|| oos +v+nos +ntc||o|mcntc obt|oos c|os
cs|o|os oc com|ccnsio o+ |c+||o+oc oos cst+oos tom+noo c|cnc|+ o+s +n+||scs c conc|usocs
+|cscnt+o+s c +|ccnocnoo o con|cc|mcnto s|stcm+t|z+oo |o uc o|z |csc|to b+sc tccn|co-
+o O ^ncxo | +|cscnt+ o |otc||o oc cnt|cv|st+s ut|||z+oo +|+ +s cnt|cv|st+s |c+||z+o+s nos cst+oos
Convc|gcnc|+ oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s um+ mctooo|og|+ +|+ + const|uio
oc +gcno+s oc +ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+|
++,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
c|cnt|||c+ c s ||nc|+|s +ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+| +|cm o+s |n|o|m+ocs obt|o+s n+s cn-
t|cv|st+s |c+||z+o+s |o|+m co|ct+oos c|cmcntos oc |c|cvo nos s|tcs |nst|tuc|on+|s c nos |c|+to||os
oc gcstio o+s cnt|o+ocs ^|cm o|sso cm mu|tos c+sos buscou-sc +ccss+| os |o,ctos oc mooo
+ mc||o| com|ccnoc| + cst|utu|+io o+s +ocs c |oost+s |ocnt|||c+o+s
| c|+|o uc nio sc |ctcnoc com css+ ocsc||io cngcss+| os |occo|mcntos oc csu|s+ um+
vcz uc +s +|t|cu|+||o+ocs cst+ou+|s |cssuocm ||cx|b|||o+oc +|+ +,ust+| + cst|utu|+ oo tcxto
c +s |n|o|m+ocs ncccss+||+s +|+ um+ +ocu+o+ c+|+ctc||z+io o+ b+sc |oout|v+ c c|cnt|||co-
tccno|og|c+ ^s o||c|cn+s oc o|tc c com|cx|o+oc +ss|m como + o|son|b|||o+oc ou nio oc cs-
tuoos +ntc||o|cs ,+ s|stcm+t|z+noo |n|o|m+ocs oc |c|c|cnc|+ +|+ + csu|s+ oc||ncm os +ssos
ncccss+||os +|+ + cxccuio oo t|+b+||o cm c+o+ um+ o+s un|o+ocs o+ |coc|+io
|c u+|uc| mooo + +|cscnt+io oos +ssos mctooo|og|cos cm|cg+oos const|tu|-sc cm um+
|c|c|cnc|+ |mo|t+ntc +|+ os ocsoob|+mcntos oo t|+b+||o c + const|uio oc +gcno+s oc con-
vc|gcnc|+ cnvo|vcnoo out|+s un|o+ocs o+ |coc|+io
|m |csumo +s t|cs +|tcs uc comusc|+m os cstuoos |c||m|n+|cs uc subs|o|+|+m +s o||c|n+s
oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto o+s +gcno+s |o|+m
+) |dentlcao e anallse das prlnclpals aes, polltlcas e programas rederals de C18|
para lncluso soclal.
^|cscnt+io o+s ||nc|+|s +ocs o||t|c+s c |og|+m+s sob |csons+b|||o+oc o+ cc|s
|ocnt|c+noo o mont+ntc oc |ccu|sos o|son|vc| c + su+ o|st||bu|io cnt|c os cst+oos
Co|ct+|+m-sc o+oos |c|+t|vos +o mont+ntc oc |ccu|sos +|oc+oos cm c+o+ um+ o+s +ocs
oc C| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+| + c+|go oo |C c c+|cu|+|+m-sc os c|ccntu+|s
oc +|t|c|+io oc c+o+ um+ oc|+s no tot+| +ss|m como + +|t|c|+io |c|+t|v+ oc c+o+
|cg|io +om|n|st|+t|v+ ^s t+bc|+s no ^ncxo || ocs+g|cg+m csscs o+oos o| un|o+oc o+ |c-
oc|+io |co|cou-sc cscc|+| +tcnio s|tu+io oos cst+oos |nvcst|g+oos mont+noo-sc
t+bc|+s cscc|c+s uc |no|c+v+m |) + +|t|c|+io oc c+o+ um oc|cs no tot+| ocscno|oo
no c||ooo cn|oc+oo no ||+s|| ||) + +|t|c|+io |c|+t|v+ oc c+o+ +io no tot+| oc |ccu|sos
c+n+||z+oo +|+ os cst+oos
:) |dentlcao e anallse das estruturas produtlvas e das prlnclpals aes, polltlcas e pro-
gramas estaduals de C18| para lncluso soclal, envolvendo.
|+oos ou|+c|on+|s oo ||C| ou|+io tot+| numc|o;o|tc oos mun|c||os c conccn-
t|+io ou|+c|on+| (o|son|vc| cm |tt;;www|bgcgovb|;|omc;cst+t|st|c+;ou|+c+o;
cont+gcm.oo;;oc|+u|ts|t)
|monc |oc|m+n & C|+utc| |oc|+
+:o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
|scc|c|o+ocs gcog|+c+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s ||s|c+s co+|oc||m+t|c+s c;ou cu|tu|+|s c ctc
(o|son|vc| cm o|vc|s+s |ontcs)
||st||bu|io |c|+t|v+ oo V+|o| ^o|c|on+oo |st+ou+| (o|son|vc| cm |tt;;www|bgcgov
b|;cst+oos+t;tcm+s|s|g|+=|ntcm+=cont+s|cg|on+|s.ooe)
|n|o|m+ocs sob|c + o|st||bu|io oo cm|cgo (||C| C+o+st|o Ccnt|+| oc |m|cs+s;
|^|; C^C||)
||st||bu|io cs+c|+| oo ||| cst+ou+| (o|son|vc| cm |tt;;www|bgcgovb|;|omc;cst+-
t|st|c+;cconom|+;|bmun|c||os;.ooe;oc|+u|ts|tm)
|||nc|+|s +t|v|o+ocs cconom|c+s c su+ |oc+||z+io (+|cm o+s |n|o|m+ocs obt|o+s nos
+nu+||os cst+t|st|cos oo ||C| +nu+||os cst+ou+|s |c|+to||os c cstuoos tccn|cos +s |n|o|-
m+ocs co|ct+o+s n+s cnt|cv|st+s +,uo+|+m + |ocnt|c+| +s ||nc|+|s +t|v|o+ocs com o-
tcnc|+| +|+ + |nc|usio soc|+| c su+ |oc+||z+io)
^||s (g|uos o|g+n|z+oos no mb|to oo C|-^|| c out|os +||+n,os |no|c+oos c|+s |ns-
t|tu|ocs cst+ou+|s)
,) |dentlcao e anallse da base tecnlco-clentlca dos estados alvos.
|ocnt|c+io o+s ||nc|+|s |nst|tu|ocs oc cns|no suc||o| cns|no |oss|on+||z+ntc cs-
u|s+ c ocscnvo|v|mcnto cst|utu|+s |+bo|+to||+|s c cnt|o+ocs oo |stcm+ c ocsc||io oc
su+s ||nc|+|s +ocs c |o,ctos v|ncu|+oos C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+| (|ontcs como |c|+-
to||os c cstuoos tccn|cos +o |+oo o+s cnt|cv|st+s |c+||z+o+s o||cc|on+|+m + csu|s+ +|+
s|tcs c |c|+to||os oc gcstio |nst|tuc|on+| |m +|guns c+sos |ocu|ou-sc +ccss+| os |o,ctos
+|+ mc||o| com|ccnoc| + cst|utu|+io o+s +ocs |oost+s ou cm cxccuio)
Os cstuoos |c||m|n+|cs |cv|+mcntc o|st||bu|oos +|+ +s |nst|tu|ocs cst+ou+|s o||cnt+|+m +s o|s-
cussocs n+s o||c|n+s oc t|+b+||o c sc|v||+m oc suo|tc s ocm+|s ct++s o+ csu|s+ Com o +o|o
oos +|cc||os cst+ou+|s |o|+m o|g+n|z+o+s o||c|n+s oc +|cscnt+io o|scussio c v+||o+io oos cs-
tuoos |c||m|n+|cs o+s u+|s +|t|c|+|+m +s csso+s +ntc||o|mcntc cnt|cv|st+o+s c out|+s |ocnt|-
||c+o+s como |c|cv+ntcs +|+ css+ ||n+||o+oc |+ oc+s|io |ocu|ou-sc +,ust+| +s |n|o|m+ocs +ntc-
||o|mcntc |cco|||o+s c s|stcm+t|z+o+s +g|cg+noo o+oos |mo|t+ntcs uc +|no+ nio |+v|+m s|oo
cons|oc|+oos c |ct|||c+noo cvcntu+|s cu|vocos |ss+ ct++ oo t|+b+||o |o| t+mbcm |uno+mcnt+|
+|+ o cnvo|v|mcnto o+s |nst|tu|ocs cst+ou+|s nos cs|o|os oc const|uio o+s +gcno+s oc convc|-
gcnc|+ uc nio |og|+|io cx|to c+so nio contcm com + su+ +ocsio
Convc|gcnc|+ oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s um+ mctooo|og|+ +|+ + const|uio
oc +gcno+s oc +ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+|
+:+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
^os +s o|scussocs |c+||z+o+s no cst+oo c os +,ustcs c|ctu+oos nos oocumcntos o|g+n|zou-sc o
c|+m+oo c+oc|no oc t|+b+||o |ssc c+oc|no contcnoo o||cnt+ocs gc|+|s c |oc|+s |c||m|n+|cs
+cc|c+ oc +ocs uc ooc||+m como| +s +gcno+s oc convc|gcnc|+ cm const|uio sc|v|u oc
suo|tc s o||c|n+s oc |+nc,+mcnto uc cnvo|vc|+m tccn|cos ||oc|+n+s c o|||gcntcs cst+ou+|s
^ |c+|+io o+ +ut+ ocss+s |cun|ocs + |ocnt|||c+io oos conv|o+oos c + cu|o+oos+ c|+bo|+io
oo c+oc|no oc t|+b+||o |o|+m t+|c|+s o+ m+|o| |c|cvnc|+ +|+ o +ocu+oo +no+mcnto oo |o-
,cto ^ o|son|b|||z+io oo |c|+to||o oc cstuoos |cv|sto ncss+ oc+s|io |o| t+mbcm mu|to oo|-
tun+ o|s b+||zou os cs|o|os oc const|uio c +c||c|o+mcnto o+s |oost+s
|m+ vcz |c+||z+o+s +s o||c|n+s oc |+nc,+mcnto |o| ncccss+||o s|stcm+t|z+| os scus |csu|t+oos c
+,ust+| os oocumcntos |cv|+mcntc c|+bo|+oos + +|t|| o+s |ccomcno+ocs c sugcstocs |cco-
|||o+s cnoo o| b+sc +s s|n+||z+ocs o+s ||oc|+n+s c o|||gcntcs cst+ou+|s + |csc|to oos ontos
o+ +gcno+ |o| oss|vc| ocscnvo|vc-|os com m+|o| scgu|+n+ +tcnt+noo +|+ +s o||cnt+ocs |o-
g|+m+t|c+s o+ cc|s
Como |csu|t+oo oc tooo cssc |occsso |o|+m gc|+oos os oocumcntos ^gcno+ oc Convc|gcn-
c|+ o+s ^ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio oc|+| +|+ o |st+oo oo ||o C|+noc oo |o|tc c ^gcno+ oc
Convc|gcnc|+ o+s ^ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio oc|+| +|+ o |st+oo oo ^c|c ub||c+oos c|o
CC|| |sscs oocumcntos |csumcm os com|om|ssos +ssum|oos c|+ cc|s;|C c c|os govc|-
nos cst+ou+|s +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc +ocs s|nc|g|c+s oc C| +|+ |omoio o+ |nc|usio
soc|+| ncss+s un|o+ocs o+ |coc|+io
3. Consideraes nais
Com o ob,ct|vo oc |omovc| + convc|gcnc|+ cnt|c +s +ocs o+ cc|s c oos cst+oos otcnc|+-
||z+noo |csu|t+oos c |couz|noo + o|sc|sio oc cs|o|os c |ccu|sos |ocu|ou-sc const|u|| um+
+gcno+ oc t|+b+||o cnvo|vcnoo o con,unto oc |nst|tu|ocs +tu+ntcs n+ +|c+ oc C| +|+ +
|nc|usio soc|+| |ont+o+ + +|t|| o+ s|stcm+t|z+io oc con|cc|mcntos +cc|c+ o+ |c+||o+oc
cst+ou+| c o+ mob|||z+io ocss+s |nst|tu|ocs + +gcno+ o|sc||m|n+ +s +ocs c scus ob,ct|vos
|no|c+ +s |nst|tu|ocs ||oc|cs c +|t|c|+ntcs oo |occsso oc cxccuio c cst|m+ |+zos +|+ +
|c+||z+io oos t|+b+||os ^|cm o|sso sugc|c mooc|os oc gcstio +com+n|+mcnto c +v+||+io
|uno+mcnt+|s +|+ +sscgu|+| o cx|to oos |oos|tos oc||n|oos
^ cxc||cnc|+ oc const|uio oc +gcno+s oc convc|gcnc|+ +|cm oc oo|tun+ um+ vcz uc
cont||bu|u +|+ + +|t|cu|+io oc |nst|tu|ocs cm to|no oc |o,ctos oc |ntc|cssc comum
+|ccc tc| s|oo os|t|v+ ^o ||n+| oo |occsso conscgu|u-sc cst|utu|+| n+s o||c|n+s oc |+-
nc,+mcnto o|g+n|z+o+s nos cst+oos cnvo|v|oos |oost+s cons|stcntcs c +,ust+o+s +os c|xos
tcm+t|cos octc|m|n+oos ^|cm o|sso + o|scussio oos |csu|t+oos oos cstuoos |c||m|n+|cs c o
|monc |oc|m+n & C|+utc| |oc|+
+::
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
|occsso oc oc||n|io o+s +ocs mot|vou + +|ox|m+io o+s |nstnc|+s |coc|+| c cst+ou+| c
oc |mo|t+ntcs |nst|tu|ocs +tu+ntcs cm c+o+ cst+oo ^o |ongo oo |occsso +s cnt|o+ocs cn-
vo|v|o+s +ss+|+m + con|ccc| m+|s oc c|to os ob,ct|vos c |o,ctos oos +|cc||os |c||ct|noo
+cc|c+ o+s oss|b|||o+ocs oc +tu+io con,unt+
|nt|ct+nto o cx|to |ocnt|||c+oo no |occsso oc const|uio o+s +gcno+s nio +sscgu|+ ncccss+-
||+mcntc o succsso o+ |n|c|+t|v+ |oost+ |ssc succsso occnoc oc |numc|os |+to|cs ocnt|c os
u+|s + c++c|o+oc c o |ntc|cssc o+s cnt|o+ocs cnvo|v|o+s cm m+ntc| + ncccss+||+ +|t|cu|+io +
o|son|b|||o+oc oc |ccu|sos ||n+ncc||os c |nst|tuc|on+|s +|+ + cxccuio oos t|+b+||os c + c||c|cn-
c|+ oo mooc|o oc gcstio sugc||oo | ncccss+||o o|t+nto +com+n|+| oc c|to + const|tu|io
c o |unc|on+mcnto oo g|uo gcsto| o oct+||+mcnto c + cxccuio o+s +ocs |oost+s c o g|+u
oc o|g+n|z+io oos c+n+|s oc |ntc||ocuio cst+bc|cc|oos cnt|c + cc|s c os cst+oos
|io obst+ntc + |css+|v+ cons|oc|+-sc uc + |n|c|+t|v+ ocsc||t+ const|tu|-sc num |mo|t+ntc +v+n-
o +|+ + |o|mu|+io c cxccuio oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s no ||+s|| ^ suc|os|io oc cs|o|os c |+|-
t+ oc +|t|cu|+io cnt|c os +to|cs cnvo|v|oos nos |occssos oc |m|cmcnt+io oos m+|s o|vc|sos
|og|+m+s c +ocs tcm s|oo c+|+ctc||st|c+s tio |nocsc,+vc|s u+nto |cscntcs com|omctcnoo
|csu|t+oos c gc|+noo ocsc|o|c|os oc |ccu|sos ^|cm o|sso + consu|t+ s b+scs |oc+|s u+nto
oc||n|io oc ||o||o+ocs c scm ouv|o+ mu|to bcm-v|no+ sob|ctuoo u+noo +ssoc|+o+ +o cst+-
bc|cc|mcnto oc |occo|mcntos c mcc+n|smos c||c|cntcs +|t|c|+t|vos c ocmoc|+t|cos |cssc
scnt|oo cst|mu|+-sc + o|vu|g+io oo |occsso oc const|uio o+s +gcno+s oc convc|gcnc|+ o+s
+ocs oc C| +|+ + |nc|usio soc|+| csc|+noo uc c||t|c+s c sugcstocs c|m|t+m +||mo|+| os
|occo|mcntos mctooo|og|cos +oot+oos c cstcnoc| + |n|c|+t|v+ oc +|ox|m+io |ntc||nst|tuc|o-
n+| + out|+s +|c+s oc |ntc|cssc c + out|+s |nstnc|+s cxccut|v+s
Referncias
||^|| ||n|stc||o o+ C|cnc|+ ccno|og|+ - |C ||+no oc ^io oc C|cnc|+ ccno|og|+ c |nov+io
|^C| ||+s|||+ .00
C|||O || C|^O | |||O ||^|C|CO |c|+to||o oc ^v+||+io oo ||og|+m+ CV Vc|sio
||c||m|n+| .00
|^C|||O |cn+to ^ ccno|og|+ oc|+| c scus ocs+os |n ^nton|o |c |+u|o ct +| (O|g) ccno|og|+
soc|+| um+ cst|+tcg|+ +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto ||o oc |+nc||o |uno+io |+nco oo ||+s|| .004
1c-.10
|^C|||| |+||+ |m|||+ |+|ucs C^V^|C^|| |u|z | | |^|^CC|O| |+|+c| |smc|+|oo
|ucc|cs| ||st||bu|io |cg|on+| oos |ccu|sos |coc|+|s +|+ c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ |+|cc||+s |st|+tcg|-
c+s (||+s|||+) v .1 -c .00
||z|||| c|g|o Con|cc|mcnto c |nc|usio soc|+| |nc|usio oc|+| ||+s|||+ v 1 n 1 o- out;m+| .00
Convc|gcnc|+ oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s um+ mctooo|og|+ +|+ + const|uio
oc +gcno+s oc +ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+|
+:,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
V|O| |ou+|oo ||+s|| oc o||t|c+ oc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ +|+ o||t|c+ oc |nov+io |vo|uio c oc-
s+os o+s o||t|c+s b|+s||c||+s oc c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io |n Ccnt|o oc Ccstio c |stuoos
|st|+tcg|co (CC||) ^v+||+io oc o||t|c+s oc c|cnc|+ tccno|og|+ c |nov+io o|+|ogos cnt|c cxc||-
cnc|+s cst|+ngc||+s c b|+s||c||+ ||+s|||+ CC|| .00c
Anexos
Anexo |. kotelros de entrevlsta
|otc||o oc cnt|cv|st+ nos |st+oos
+ |csc||io o+ b+sc |oout|v+ cst+ou+| +t|v|o+ocs |c|cv+ntcs c su+ |oc+||z+io
. |csc||io o+s +t|v|o+ocs |oout|v+s cst+ou+|s com |m+ctos n+ |nc|usio soc|+|
, |csc||io o+ b+sc tccno|og|c+ cx|stcntc ||nc|+|s |nst|tu|ocs scus ob,ct|vos c su+ |oc+||z+io
| |csc||io oos ||nc|+|s |og|+m+s;o||t|c+s cst+ou+|s uc cnvo|v+m C| +|+ |nc|usio
soc|+|
, ^v+||+io o+ |ntc|+io cnt|c os cs|o|os cst+ou+|s c |coc|+|s oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+|
e ugcstocs
|otc||o oc cnt|cv|st+ cc|s;|C
+ ^ocs |og|+m+s c o||t|c+s oc C| +|+ |nc|usio oc|+| m+|s |c|cv+ntcs +|+ + cc|s;|C
. |csc||io ocsscs |og|+m+s ob,ct|vos +b|+ngcnc|+ |ccu|sos o|son|vc|s |o|m+ oc +oc-
sio oos cst+oos
, |+,cto||+ c c|scct|v+s ocsscs |og|+m+s
| Out|os |og|+m+s sccuno+||os +|+ + cc|s (u+noo com+|+oos +os c|t+oos +ntc||o|-
mcntc) uc oocm +ssum|| +|+ um octc|m|n+oo cst+oo +c| oc |c|cvo
, ^v+||+io o+ |ntc|+io cnt|c os cs|o|os cst+ou+|s c |coc|+|s oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+|
e ugcstocs
|monc |oc|m+n & C|+utc| |oc|+
+:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
Anexo ||. Aes de C18| para o desenvolvlmento soclal por U|
+bc|+ ^+ ^ocs oc C| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+| - ||+s|| c |n|o+ocs o+ |coc|+io .oo,;.oo|

Uesenvol. Soclal
e opularlzao
de C81
|ncluso Ulgltal
Centro
vocaclonal
1ecnologlco
Saude
Arranjo
rodutlvo
Local
1ecnologlas
Soclals e
Asslstlvas
Lducao,
Cultura,
Lsporte e Lazer
Segurana
Allmentar e
Hutrlclonal
^c|c 1o c 10.00 .o 1!. - !!4! - 4co
^m+zon+s c.0 .01o - 14!0 - 1o!1 - c.0
|+|+ 0 4 c 10000 .1! !10! .0c4c 11!. .4o
^m++ .000 c0 - - .c! - -
|o|+|m+ 40 4 - - 1!4 .0o - -
|onoon|+ .10 1o 0 c00 - .4o. - -
oc+nt|ns 11 .4110 10c! 00 o1 .4 - 1o4o
|+|+n|io !44 1!0 !! .c0 .1o 1o .1c1 !
||+u| .4 c 1400 .0! co - !1 - !.0
Cc+|+ oo! c .!10 0c1 104!1! c0 1 - .4
||o C oo |o|tc ..ooo !!00 40! !. o1 !!! 1o! o1o
|+|+|b+ .!01o! oo! .04 1c4! 1o. 104 4. 1.o
|c|n+mbuco !1o01 140.o 1!404 0 1!001 10.c - !1!c0
^|+go+s 101 1.o !4!o !4c1 10.! 44! - 4..0
c|g|c o4!4 14c00 1c.. 11. - 4014 - 4!co
|+||+ 1o004 .c1. cco0 11!o!o .0104 1!0.! 4oo !!..
Co|+s ..oc4 404 1ooo. .1 !.1oo !0 - !
||st||to |coc|+| .c.1 1!!o4 10o4 .40cc 100c1 1co 40 !!oc1
|+to C|osso 100 !.1o 000 0. - !14 - 1c
|+to C oo u| 1!1. !c04 - ! cc c !. - 1
||n+s Cc|+|s !c 1c4co 101o! c .0o4 o .!00 c14 1o4.
|s|||to +nto 1 c11o 14o4 c .o4 !o 1 - !
||o oc |+nc||o 4 c .0!.o! oc. o10!! c 11!1 4c0 c 101c. 40.1
io |+u|o .c.. 4o4. .10 4o44 .4 .0o c .1o.
|+|+n+ c 11.0.0 co0 1.o 1oc. 1! c 1. 1401
+nt+ C+t+||n+ .4o c4o11 - 1.10 !1c c cc!o4 ! !0
||o C oo u| 104cc0 1114 o.1 .10c1 0!1 .10 oo. 404 c
1O1AL (ks mll) !77.827,8 280.72,4 2!9.7!0,6 !99.!08,4 9.092,! !2.906,7 26.!69, 2!.760,9
|co:en:://:.essc ,/o,/.oo,
|'aocaac ca
Convc|gcnc|+ oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s um+ mctooo|og|+ +|+ + const|uio
oc +gcno+s oc +ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+|
+:,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,

Cco:oaaac
Lconomla
Solldarla
Saneamento
Amblental
kecursos
lldrlcos
Agrlcultura
|amlllar
labltao Uesenv. Local
kelaes de
Cnero
Cadelas
rodutlvas
de kecursos
esquelros
1O1AL (ks
mll)
rojetos
1.01 - - 14 c - - - - !oc! .!
o - - 4 4. - ! c 1o0.4 00
ooc !1o - o1! - - c11 !o. .4!! c.
- - - - - - - - 1!!! 11
1.00 - - o1 - - 44 c - 1.14 1c
- - - o0. - - .00 - !1o0 !0
!1o 0 c - 1.! - - - !.!o ... o!
- - - ! - - 440 - 1401o !1
- - - - - - 140 - !oo1 c .1
.01 .40 o ..o !. - c40 - o4!.! 10
- !c. 4.4 ..o 1!44 - 1040 - 4o0 oo
..00 4o! !.o !4. !0c - 10c c - 414o 10
101! c0 0.1 ooco 4oo - .!4 - cc .
.0 - - - 1 c - - - cc !
.0! - - - - - c4 - 11.co c 4
..!o0 1co!. .0. c1 1 c 1o1 c !.00 - o1! .0
1000 - - 1o1 - - 14!0 - !01c0o co
- .0!01 !. .!4. 1. c - .! - oc40 1c
.0 - - 104 1.0 c - - 14! !44o1 4o
.c c 4 - 10 - - 4 - 14 !.
.c.1 !!1 - .o c !o 1100 o4c. - .40044 !co
1 4!1 .0!o - - - 10 - !.o. c 1.1
.1. 1o1c 4!00 .c4 40 4.! o00 - .11.!04 !.
4co !1c. 1!o! 1o !.1o o .! c - 10c11 o00
1c!. c .oo0 .o!! c !1 c !01 c 1040 - !!4o0 .0c
co .!0. 141 11 c 1.cc0 - 1.0 - .o4c 14
1! c 10 1.4o4 41 oc. - oo - o.0cc1 .4
2!.6!4,4 2!.!4!,4 !2.7!0,4 8.7!!,! 8.!!,8 6.9!!,6 4.72,2 2.4!6,9 !.!06.!7,4 !.74!,0
|monc |oc|m+n & C|+utc| |oc|+
+:o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
+bc|+ ^. ^ocs oc C| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto soc|+| - ||+s|| c |n|o+ocs o+ |coc|+io .oo,;.oo|

Uesenvol.
Soclal e
opularlzao
de C81
|ncluso
Ulgltal
Centro
vocaclonal
1ecnologlco
Saude
Arranjo
rodutlvo
Local
1ecnologlas
Soclals e
Asslstlvas
Lducao,
Cultura,
Lsporte e
Lazer
Segurana
Allmentar e
Hutrlclonal
|conom|+
o||o+||+
^c|c 01` 04` 04` 00` 00` 10` 00` .0` 0o`
^m+zon+s 0.` 0` 00` 0` 00` 0` 00` !` 0!`
|+|+ 00` 1o` 4o` 11` 4` o!` 04` 10` !1`
^m++ 01` 0!` 00` 00` 0` 00` 00` 00` 00`
|o|+|m+ 00` 0.` 00` 00` 0.` 0o` 00` 00` 0o`
|onoon|+ 01` 0o` 04` 0` 00` 0` 00` 00` 00`
oc+nt|ns 00` 0` 0` 00` 01` 1o` 00` 0` 1`
||+u| 01` 00` 0` 00` 00` 1.` 00` !1` 00`
Cc+|+ 1` c!` !` .` 1o` !0` 00` !!` !!`
||o C oo |o|tc o0` 1.` ..` 0!` 11` 10` 1` .o` 00`
|+|+|b+ o1` .4` 14` 0` .o` !.` 0.` c1` 10`
|c|n+mbuco c4` 0` o.` .` ...` !1` 00` 1!.` 4`
^|+go+s 0` 04` 1` 0.` 1` 01` 00` 1 c` 1.`
c|g|c 1 c` 0` 0c` 01` 00` 1.` 00` 1 c` 0`
|+||+ 4` 10.` !` ` !4` 40` 1 c` 14` 10!`
Co|+s 0o` 1` 1` 14` 4` 11` 00` 04` 0`
||st||to |coc|+| ` 4c` 0` 1.` 11` ` .1` 14.` 00`
|+to C|osso 00` 11` 0.` 0` 00` 1.` 00` 0 c` 1.`
|+to C oo u| 04` 14` 00` 00` 10` 1 c` 00` 04` 1!`
||n+s Cc|+|s .11` 1` 4` 104` 1!` 0` !1` 0` 1!0`
|s|||to +nto 0!` . c` c` 1!` 1o` 0.` 00` 0.` 0`
||o oc |+nc||o .` .` 44` !0o` .0` 1` !` 1o` 1!`
io |+u|o 4` 1` 1!` .!` 1` c.` !o` 1` ..4`
|+|+n+ .1` 40` 04` 0` . c` o0` !` ` c`
+nt+ C+t+||n+ 0 c` !0` 00` 0o` 0` .o` !0` 04` 40`
||o C oo u| . c` 4` 04` 10o` c` c` .` 1` .`
1O1AL !00,0+ !00,0+ !00,0+ !00,0+ !00,0+ !00,0+ !00,0+ !00,0+ 1000`
1O1AL (ks mll) !77.827,8 280.72,4 2!9.7!0,6 !99.!08,4 9.092,! !2.906,7 26.!69, 2!.760,9
|co:en:://:.essc ,/o,/.oo,
|'aocaac ca
Convc|gcnc|+ oc o||t|c+s ub||c+s um+ mctooo|og|+ +|+ + const|uio
oc +gcno+s oc +ocs oc C| +|+ |nc|usio soc|+|
+:)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ,,-+.s ,u|-ocz .oo,
Cco:oaaac
Saneamento
Amblental
kecursos
lldrlcos
Agrlcultura
|amlllar
labltao Uesenv. Local
kelaes de
Cnero
Cadelas
rodutlvas
de kecursos
esquelros
1O1AL rojetos (+) rojetos
00` 00` 1` 00` 00` 00` 00` 0!` 0o` .!
00` 00` ` 11` 00` 11` o c` 0` 1o`
1` 00` 0` 00` 00` 1` 11` 1` ..` c.
00` 00` 00` 00` 00` 00` 00` 01` 0!` 11
00` 00` 0` 00` 00` 0` 00` 01` 0` 1c
00` 00` 0` 00` 00` 04` 00` 0!` 0 c` !0
0!` 00` 14` 00` 00` 00` 1!!` 04` 1` o!
00` 00` 00` 00` 00` 0!` 00` 0!` 0o` !1
1.` o0` .c` 4!` 00` 1 c` 00` 4` .` .1
!` !` .o` 1o` 00` ..` 00` 4.` 1 c` 10
..` !` !` !` 00` .!` 00` !.` .` oo
. c` 40` ` ` 00` 0` 00` oo` ` 10
00` 00` 00` .4` 00` 00` 00` 0` 10` .
00` 00` 00` 00` 00` 1 c` 00` 0` 1!` !
c c` .` 0` 0o` .!` o c` 00` ` c` 4
00` 00` 1 c` 00` 00` !0` 00` .!` .!` .0
o` .` .` 1o` 00` 0` 00` 0` 4 c` co
00` 00` 1!` 1` 00` 00` ` .` 1.` 1c
0` 00` 1` 00` 00` 1!` 00` 0` 0` 4o
1` 00` c!` 4o` 1oo` 1!` 00` 1c4` 10!` !.
.1` 1o` 00` 00` 00` 04` 00` .` !.` !co
` !c c` !0` ` oc!` 1. c` 00` 1o.` 4` 1.1
11` 1.` 1` !c` c!` 1o` 00` 11o` 1o0` !.
1.o` .1` 10` 4` 44` ..` 00` .o` o` o00
10` 11` .0` 1` 00` .o` 00` .1` !` .0c
1` c` o!` c!` 00` 141` 00` 4 c` ` 14
!00,0+ !00,0+ !00,0+ !00,0+ !00,0+ !00,0+ !00,0+ !00,0+ !00,0+ 294
2!.6!4,4 2!.!4!,4 !2.7!0,4 8.7!!,! 8.!!,8 6.9!!,6 4.72,2 2.4!6,9 !.!06.!7,4 !.74!,0
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +.,-+|| ,u|-ocz .oo,
Semirido brasileiro: uma anlise das
potencialidades e das competncias para
o seu desenvolvimento
Manoel Ablio de Queirz

+ |+noc| ^b|||o oc uc||oz c cngcn|c||o +g|onomo c|+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oc |c|n+mbuco (||||) mcst|c c oouto| cm
Ccnct|c+ c |c||o|+mcnto oc ||+nt+s (|c+|t+mcnto oc Ccnct|c+;|s+|;|| c |n|vc|s|o+oc oc C+mb||ogc;|ng|+tc||+) ^tu-
+|mcntc c |o|csso| oc |c||o|+mcnto oc ||+nt+s no |c+|t+mcnto oc ccno|og|+ c C|cnc|+s oc|+|s (|C) o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc
oo |st+oo o+ |+||+ (|ncb) onoc t+mbcm coo|ocn+ o |cst|+oo cm |o|t|cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+
Resumo
O +|t|go t|+z um+ v|sio oo scm|+||oo b|+s||c||o ocn-
t|o oc um+ c|scct|v+ oo scu ocscnvo|v|mcnto
tcnoo + com|ccnsio oc uc + ||sto||+ |cgcmon|-
c+ b|+s||c||+ conso||oou um+ v|sio oc uc + |cg|io
c|+ um cs+o |nsc|v|vc| o|s sc cst+bc|cccu + scc+
como scnoo o ||nc|+| |ob|cm+ + sc| cn||cnt+-
oo ^s mco|o+s govc|n+mcnt+|s ||nc|+|mcntc
cm coc+s oc g|+nocs scc+s |o|+m oc mu|to b+|xo
|m+cto |o|cm +o |+oo ocss+s mco|o+s +|gum+s
oc|+s +|no+ c|s|st|noo +tc os o|+s +tu+|s |o|+m |c+-
||z+o+s mco|o+s oc g|+noc |m+cto uc cstio o+n-
oo um+ nov+ o|nm|c+ +o cm|+||oo b|+s||c||o com
mu|t+s +t|v|o+ocs uc cstio scnoo ocscnvo|v|o+s
ocst+c+noo v+||+s oc|+s t+nto cm cono|ocs ||||g+-
o+s como cm cono|ocs oc scuc||o Os t+|cntos
|um+nos cst+bc|cc|oos n+ |cg|io sc conccnt|+m
nos |nst|tutos oc csu|s+ (|mb|++ c O|g+n|z+-
ocs |st+ou+|s oc |csu|s+ Oc+s) o|g+n|z+ocs
oc cns|no tccno|og|co ocst+c+noo-sc os |||s c os
cn+|s os cu|sos oc g|+ou+io cm C|cnc|+s ^g|+||+s
Abstract
'e a:.'e oos a .sco c/ :ne 8a'ao :eoaa o
:ne ese.:.e c/ :s ae.e'coeo: .cosaeo :na:
:ne 8a'ao neeoco. ns:c, nas .cosc'aa:ea a
.sco :na: :ne eco s a ase'ess sa.e so.e : .as
es:ao'snea :ne acan: as :ne oao co'eo 'e
oeasaes :aeo o, :ne c.eooeo:s oao', aao
o acan:s .ee c/ .e, 'c. oa.: |c.e.e oe
saes :nese a.:.:es scoe c/ :neo s:'' c..ao
oeasaes c/ nn oa.: .ee .aea ca: 'e, ae
.o a oe. a,oao. :c :ne 8a'ao :eoaa .:n
se.ea' a.:.:es :na: ae o cess scoe c/ :neo
aoae a:co .coa:cos as .e'' as aoae ao /ea
.coa:cos 'e naoao :a'eo:s es:ao'snea o :ne e
co ae 'c.a:ea o :ne esea.n os::a:es |ooa
a aoa ::a:e Oaoa:cos c/ |esea.n O||^s)
:e.noc'c.a' os::a:es |||s aoa :|`^|s) aaa
a:e .cases c/ ^aao :.eo.es aoa cs: aaa
a:e .cases s:.:a seosa o :ne saoe aea as .e'' as
scoe .cases c/ :ne 8c'c.a' :.eo.es ^'' :ce:ne
a :eao c/ oce :nao ,ooo c/esscoa's aoa oce
|+noc| ^b|||o
+,o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +.,-+|| ,u|-ocz .oo,
1. Introduo
^ ||sto||+ |cgcmon|c+ oo scm|+||oo |o| cst+bc|cc|o+ +o |ongo oos +nos t+nto n+ |cg|io como
|o|+ oc|+ como um+ |cg|io |ob|cm+ ^||+s no |o||o |o|ocstc b|+s||c||o o ocscnvo|v|mcnto
sc ocu no ||to|+| onoc too+s +s c+|t+|s |o|+m cst+bc|cc|o+s com cxccio oo cst+oo oo ||+u| ^|
|o| |m|+nt+o+ too+ + |n||+cst|utu|+ b+s|c+ oc cst|+o+s un|vc|s|o+ocs |coc|+|s +|gum+s cst+ou+|s
c os ocm+|s sc|v|os |+|+ sc tc| um+ |oc|+ ocss+ conccnt|+io oc |ccu|sos ub||cos n+ |cg|io
|+ cc|c+ oc |o +nos +s cst|+o+s +s|+|t+o+s nio cob||+m m+|s oo uc +,o |m oo ||to|+| cm tooos
os |st+oos no|ocst|nos ^ not|c|+ o+ |cg|io uc scm|c |o| mot|vo oc o|vu|g+io n+c|on+| c|+ +
oco||cnc|+ oc +nos sccos +|no+ m+|s c+|+m|tosos u+noo sc t|n|+ um+ scucnc|+ oc +nos sccos
scgu|oos u+noo sc cx+cc|b+v+ + mov|mcnt+io oos o||t|cos c um+ g|+noc busc+ oc |n|o|m+-
io c|+ m|o|+ |oc+| c n+c|on+| com ocst+uc +|+ os c|c|tos o+ scc+ ||nc|+|mcntc c|+ |+|t+
oc +||mcnto c|c+ o+s |+vou|+s cnt|c out|os ^s ||cntcs oc cmc|gcnc|+ c|+m +s ||nc|+|s +ocs
uc |csu|t+v+m bcm como o |o|ncc|mcnto oom|c|||+| oc +gu+ +t|+vcs oc c+||os-|+
|+|s s|gn|||c+t|vo +|no+ c uc css+ |o|tc o|vu|g+io cm too+s +s m|o|+s |cvou + conso||o+io oc
um+ com|ccnsio oc uc o scm|+||oo b|+s||c||o c|+ um v+z|o |nsc|v|vc| c uc scu ovo c|+ |n-
oo|cntc c scm c|scct|v+s oc |utu|o |+ |c+||o+oc us+v+-sc como ocst+uc +cn+s um oos +s-
cctos oo cm|+||oo uc c + oco||cnc|+ no|m+| oc um c||ooo scco tooos os +nos c + m+ o|st||-
bu|io o+s c|uv+s ocnt|o oo c||ooo c|uvoso s|tu+io +g|+v+o+ u+noo sc tcm um+ scucn-
c|+ oc +nos sccos scgu|oos |ss+ s|tu+io ocvc tc| conco|||oo +|+ conso||o+| um+ consc|cnc|+
n+c|on+| oc uc + scc+ c|+ o g|+noc |ob|cm+ o+ |cg|io |+| o cst+bc|cc|mcnto oc um+ o||t|c+
oc const|uio oc +uocs c|o |c+|t+mcnto |+c|on+| oc Ob|+s cont|+ +s cc+s (||OC)
|+s o m+|s |mo|t+ntc c o uc + ||sto||+ |cgcmon|c+ sco|mcntou no |m+g|n+||o n+c|on+| um+
|oc|+ oo scm|+||oo como |ob|cm+ s|tu+io uc |o,c +|no+ c|ou|+ ^o nosso vc| o scm|+||oo
tcm otcnc|+||o+ocs c comctcnc|+s cm o||c|cntcs ||cntcs com ocst+uc +|+ t|cs oc|+s o tu-
||smo + m|nc|+io c + +g|occu+||+ C+o+ um+ oc|+s mc|ccc um+ +n+||sc o|mcno||z+o+ o|
:nao .o :ncasaoa s:aaeo:s .ao oe a /c.as c/ ao o
:ea.:co .:n :ne `a:coa' |os::a:e c/ :ne :eoaa
o cae :c o.ease :ne c:eo:a' /c :ne ae.e'c
oeo: c/ :ne eco aoa :nas ose:o :ne eco o
:ne oa:coa' s.eoac
keywords. :eoaa |e.e'coeo: Oeas e.noc
'c.a' os::a:es |osa
os cu|sos oc os-g|+ou+io +c+ocm|cos n+ mcsm+
+|c+ bcm como +|guns o+ +|c+ oc C|cnc|+s ||o|og|-
c+s ^o tooo + |cg|io tcm um cont|ngcntc oc m+|s
oc t|cs m|| |oss|on+|s c m+|s oc .o m|| +|unos uc
ooc|io sc| o |oco oc um+ |ntc|+io c|ct|v+ com
o |nst|tuto |+c|on+| oo cm|+||oo oc mooo + o-
tcnc|+||z+| +s +|tc|n+t|v+s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto ocss+
|cg|io c +ss|m |nsc||| + mcsm+ no ccn+||o n+c|on+|
alavras-cbave. cm|+||oo |cscnvo|v|mcnto Oc-
+s |ns|no tccno|og|co |ns+
cm|+||oo b|+s||c||o um+ +n+||sc o+s otcnc|+||o+ocs
c o+s comctcnc|+s +|+ o scu ocscnvo|v|mcnto
+,+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +.,-+|| ,u|-ocz .oo,
|o||ss|on+|s uc tcn|+m con|cc|mcnto ocstcs scto|cs |o| cxcm|o o tu||smo cmbo|+ s|g+ os
||nc||os b+s|cos +oot+oos no scto| ocvc tc| +c|o cu|tu|+| c ||sto||co tot+|mcntc o||c|cnc|+oo
oo tu||smo oo ||to|+| uc ocvc t+mbcm sc| +com+n|+oo oc um+ |n||+cst|utu|+ b+s|c+ oc cs-
t|+o+s |otc|s c |cst+u|+ntcs +||+oos + um sc|v|o uc sc,+ +t|+t|vo +os v|s|t+ntcs ^|gum+s oco|-
|cnc|+s ou c+|+ctc||st|c+s |cg|on+|s sio v|s|vc|mcntc o||c|cnc|+oos como + c||+ o+ C+|v+|+ no
||+u| o s|stcm+ ||o|oc|ct||co oo io ||+nc|sco ||nc|+|mcntc cm |+u|o ^|onso n+ |+||+ + C|+-
+o+ ||+m+nt|n+ n+ |+||+ + v|t|v|n|cu|tu|+ no io ||+nc|sco + ||ut|cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+ cm +|guns o-
|os oc ||||g+io cscc|+|mcntc no io ||+nc|sco o |+|uc oos ||noss+u|os n+ |+|+|b+ +s g|ut+s
oc |cg|ocs c+|c+||+s oo scm|+||oo b+|+no +o |coo| oc |u+zc||o o ccn+||o o+ guc||+ oc C+nuoos
n+ |+||+ cnt|c out|os |o cnt+nto o|||c||mcntc +t|+||io v|s|t+ntcs |ntc|css+oos c+so cont|nuc +
|m+gcm oo scm|+||oo +cn+s b+sc+o+ n+ scc+
Out|o scgmcnto |mo|t+ntc c + m|nc|+io uc tcm v+||os cxcm|os oc g|+nocs cm|cs+s
como + ||nc|+ocs C+|+|b+s n+ |+||+ uc cx|o|+ cob|c +s m|n+s oc gcsso n+ |cg|io oo ^|+||c
uc |o|ncccm m+tc||+ ||m+ +|+ + o||c|cntcs ||ns |nc|us|vc |oouio oc c|mcnto m|nc||os v+-
||os no cst+oo o+ |+||+ c oo ||o C|+noc oo |o|tcctc |cstc scto| cx|stcm v+||+s out|+s vc|tcn-
tcs uc so +go|+ cstio ocsc|t+noo + +tcnio como +s co|+s o|n+mcnt+|s +|cm oc m|nc||os
+|no+ nio cx|o|+oos como u|n|o n+ |+||+ s|||c|o cm |c|n+mbuco cnt|c out|os |ss+ vc|tcntc
t+mbcm ncccss|t+ oc um+ +n+||sc |o|uno+ o| |o||ss|on+|s o+ +|c+ +|+ uc sc oss+ cxt|+||
|no|c+ocs +|+ +tu+io oo |nst|tuto |+c|on+| oo cm|+||oo |ns+ (www|ns+govb|) um+ |ns-
t|tu|io c||+o+ +|+ cns+| o cm|+||oo como |cg|io oc otcnc|+| |mo|t+ntc +|+ |nsc|io o+
|cg|io no |cst+ntc oo +|s c +|+ + u+| c|+bo|+mos cstc t|+b+||o
^ tc|cc||+ vc|tcntc + +g|occu+||+ n+ u+| sc tcm m+|o| cxc||cnc|+ sc|+ +n+||s+o+ no scnt|oo
oc con|ccc| su+s otcnc|+||o+ocs bcm como |cv+nt+| c +n+||s+| + cx|stcnc|+ oc comctcnc|+s
uc oss+m +ux|||+| no ocscnvo|v|mcnto ocss+s otcnc|+||o+ocs
2. Potencialidade da agropecuria no semirido brasileiro
|o uc t+ngc +t|v|o+oc +g|occu+||+ n+ |cg|io + |oouio +g||co|+ cst+ conccnt|+o+ cm oo|s
c|xos ||nc|+|s + +g||cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+ c + |oouio +g|occu+||+ cm +|c+s occnocntcs oc c|u-
v+ |io sc tcm |n|o|m+io m+|s |cc|s+ o+s cst+t|st|c+s o|vc|s+s |ovcn|cntcs oos c||mct|os
||||g+oos Contuoo u+noo sc cons|oc|+m +s |n|c|+t|v+s cm out|os scm|+||oos oo munoo + +g||-
cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+ c + |n|c|+t|v+ m+|s comum cnt|c tooos os scm|+||oos cstuo+oos
|m onto |mo|t+ntc + sc| cons|oc|+oo c uc + |oouio +g||co|+ ||||g+o+ c v|st+ como +t|v|-
o+oc oc g|+nocs cm|cs+s c o| conscgu|ntc |o|+ oo cscoo oo scto| ub||co |o cnt+nto o
|nvcst|mcnto |n|c|+| oc g|+noc s|gn|||c+oo |o| |c|to c|o scto| ub||co sc,+ nos cstuoos b+s|cos
|+noc| ^b|||o
+,:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +.,-+|| ,u|-ocz .oo,
|n|c|+|s no o|o |ct|o||n+-||;|u+zc||o-|^ sc,+ n+ const|uio o+ |n||+cst|utu|+ oc ||||g+io oos
|o,ctos ub||cos |o,c cm |cno |unc|on+mcnto |o| cxcm|o too+ + tccno|og|+ oc bombc+-
mcnto oc g|+nocs v+zocs uc nio cx|st|+ no ||+s|| |o| t|+z|o+ ||nc|+|mcntc c|+ Com+n||+
oc |cscnvo|v|mcnto oo V+|c oo io ||+nc|sco (Coocv+s|) c +ss|m |o|+m const|u|oos v+||os |o-
,ctos como o ||o,cto cn+oo| |||o Coc||o cm |ct|o||n+ com cc|c+ oc ., m|| |cct+|cs c v+||os
out|os O s|stcm+ oc c+t+io c bombc+mcnto oc +gu+ ocssc |o,cto o+ um+ |oc|+ oo +v+no
tccno|og|co uc sc conscgu|u |m|+nt+| no scm|+||oo c o |o||o |o,cto t+mbcm o+ um+ o|-
mcnsio o+ |ntcg|+io oc +io oc v+||+s vc|tcntcs c onoc cucnos mco|os c g|+nocs |oouto-
|cs |ntcg|+m +s su+s +t|v|o+ocs
|o|cm +tc o momcnto nio sc |cz um cstuoo m+|s |o|unoo no scnt|oo oc sc cst|m+| + o|-
mcnsio o+ +t|v|o+oc o+ +g||cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+ no scm|+||oo b|+s||c||o sc,+ cm v+|o| o+ |oou-
io sc,+ no numc|o oc cm|cgos gc|+oos bcm como oo t+m+n|o oos cst+bc|cc|mcntos
+g||co|+s cx|stcntcs nos o|vc|sos s|stcm+s oc |oouio +g||co|+ ut|||z+oos Contuoo nio |cst+
ouv|o+ uc + +g||cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+ sc,+ um+ +t|v|o+oc conso||o+o+ no cm|+||oo b|+s||c||o +tc
o|uc c um+ +t|v|o+oc mu|to |mo|t+ntc cm tooos os cm|+||oos oo munoo |m cxcm-
|o s|m|cs m+s cx|css|vo uc ooc||+ sc| +v+||+oo +|+ ocmonst|+| o |m+cto o+ +g||cu|-
tu|+ ||||g+o+ n+ |oouio +g||co|+ c o |c|c+oo oo ||oouto| oc |u+zc||o-|^ |stc mc|c+oo
mov|mcnt+ m+|s oc |, soo m|||ocs o| +no c c um g|+noc ccnt|o oc comc|c|+||z+io +|+
os cucnos c mco|os +g||cu|to|cs o+ +g||cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+ oc v+||os mun|c||os +o |coo| oo
o|o |ct|o||n+-|| c |u+zc||o-|^ V+|c s+||cnt+| uc cssc o|o uc com|ccnoc um con,unto
oc mun|c||os oos oo|s |st+oos c o m+|s o|vc|s|||c+oo oos o|os oc ||||g+io oo cm|-^||oo c
vcm sc oco|c+noo cx|o|+io oc v+||+s o|c||co|+s c ||utc||+s u+sc too+s +|+ o consumo
|n n+tu|+ o|cm ,+ +|cscnt+ um+ |oouio v|n|co|+ cx|css|v+ |oouz|noo v|n|os +|+ o
mc|c+oo |ntc|no c +|+ cxo|t+io |x|stcm out|os o|os oc ||||g+io nos cst+oos oo Cc+|+
||o C|+noc oo |o|tc |+|+|b+ |c|n+mbuco c|g|c c |+||+
o +|+ o o|o |ct|o||n+-||;|u+zc||o-|^ cst|m+-sc uc + +t|v|o+oc o+ +g||cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+ cm|c-
g+ cc|c+ oc .|o m|| t|+b+||+oo|cs cnt|c cm|cgos o||ctos c |no||ctos um cont|ngcntc scmc||+n-
tc +o o+ so,+ ^ss|m + +g||cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+ ooc|+ |c|cscnt+| mu|to +|+ o cm|+||oo b|+s||c||o
+tc o|uc sc |m+g|n+ uc o otcnc|+| oc +gu+ +|m+zcn+o+ o+ |cg|io sc,+ su||c|cntc +|+ ||||g+|
m+|s oc um m|||io oc |cct+|cs ||nc|+|mcntc cons|oc|+noo o uso o+ +gu+ subtc||nc+ o+s
+|c+s sco|mcnt+|cs onoc o ||+u| sc ocst+c+ cnt|c os ocm+|s |st+oos
|o uc t+ngc |oouio occnocntc oc c|uv+ sc ocst+c+ + |oouio oc c+||nos c ov|nos
n+s +|c+s m+|s scc+s b+sc+o+ cm +stos n+t|vos c cm +stos cu|t|v+oos cst+ +t|v|o+oc oco||c
+o |+oo oc +|c+s oc |ntcns+ |oouio +g||co|+ |sto oco||c cm |cg|ocs oc m+|o| o|st||bu|io oc
c|uv+s como n+ |+|x+ oo +g|cstc no|ocst|no (+|c+s oc mco|+ |cc||t+io uc v+| o+ |+||+ +tc
o ||o C|+noc oo |o|tc) com |oouio oc cu|tu|+s +||mcnt+|cs ||oc|+o+s c|o m|||o c |c|,io c
cm|+||oo b|+s||c||o um+ +n+||sc o+s otcnc|+||o+ocs
c o+s comctcnc|+s +|+ o scu ocscnvo|v|mcnto
+,,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +.,-+|| ,u|-ocz .oo,
um+ ccu+||+ oc |c|tc conccnt|+o+ cm +|gum+s |cg|ocs ^ |oouio oc |c|tc cm g|+noc +|tc
o+ suo|tc |oouio oc uc|,o oc co+||o ut|||z+oo no mc|c+oo |ntc|no
|+s +|c+s occnocntcs oc c|uv+ t+mbcm sc cncont|+m cu|t|vos c|cncs como o c+,u ||nc|+|-
mcntc +|+ + cx|o|+io o+ c+st+n|+ ^|guns g|uos oc cucnos +g||cu|to|cs b+st+ntc o|g+n|-
z+oos tcm + cx|o|+io o+ c+st+n|+ como +t|v|o+oc ||nc|+| ocst|n+noo o |oouto +o mc|c+-
oo |ntc|no c t+mbcm +o mc|c+oo cxtc|no como oco||c n+ |cg|io oo ^oo| no ||o C|+noc oo
|o|tc |x|stcm mu|t+s out|+s |n|c|+t|v+s bcm succo|o+s como + |oouio oc +|gooio co|o||oo
no cst+oo oo Cc+|+ (com o||cnt+io o+ O|C |||^|) t+mbcm com +|t|c|+io no mc|c+oo
cxtc|no + |oouio oc |++ou|+ no mun|c||o oc ||un|o cm |c|n+mbuco + |oouio oc gc-
|c|+ oc ||utos oc umbuzc||o c m+|+cu,+ oo m+to nos mun|c||os oc |+u+ Cu|++ c C+nuoos n+
|+||+ (com +|t|c|+io o+ O|C |||^^) + |oouio oc s|s+| no mun|c||o oc V+|cntc t+mbcm
n+ |+||+ + |oouio oc mc| no mun|c||o oc ||cos no ||+u| cnt|c out|+s ^ss|m cx|stcm mu|t+s
|n|c|+t|v+s oc succsso |+|t+noo c+t+|og+-|+s +|+ m+|o| con|cc|mcnto
|+|+ t+nto +s O|g+n|z+ocs |st+ou+|s oc |csu|s+ (Oc+s) o+ |cg|io ooc||+m +|t|c|+| oc
um+ +io con,unt+ com o |nst|tuto |+c|on+| oo cm|+||oo (|ns+) no scnt|oo oc m+c+| cst+s |n|-
c|+t|v+s c+o+st|+noo-+s +|+ |o|m+| um b+nco oc o+oos uc ooc|+ +,uo+-|+s n+ mooc|n|z+io
c cx+nsio ncccss+||+s +|+ +|c+n+| t+nto o mc|c+oo |ntc|no como o mc|c+oo cxtc|no como
,+ cx|stcm cxcm|os v|s+noo t|+ns|o|m+| c conso||o+| o cm|+||oo como um+ |cg|io c++z oc
sc |ntcg|+| o|nm|c+ cconom|c+ oo +|s
|o cnt+nto o uc sc const+t+ c uc nio cx|stcm cst+t|st|c+s com |+zo+vc| |cc|sio o+ |mo|-
tnc|+ |c|+t|v+ oos oo|s c|xos |oout|vos ^ss|m n+ +g||cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+ nio sc tcm |n|o|m+io
m+|s |cc|s+ o+s cst+t|st|c+s o|vc|s+s |ovcn|cntcs oos c||mct|os ||||g+oos +tc o|uc + +g||cu|-
tu|+ ||||g+o+ nio c v|st+ como um+ ||o||o+oc ocnt|o oo ||+no |||cto| oo |ns+
|ss+ ucstio ooc|+ sc| m+|s bcm +v+||+o+ u+noo sc cons|oc|+ + +g||cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+ n+s tc||+s
scc+s oos |st+oos |n|oos |s+n|+ |s|+c| C|||c c ||nc|+|mcntc n+ |no|+ o|s so ncssc +|s
cx|stcm m+|s oc |o m|||ocs oc |cct+|cs ||||g+oos to|n+noo + +g||cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+ + |n|c|+t|v+ m+|s
comum cnt|c tooos os cm|+||oos mcnc|on+oos
^o |+oo o+ +g||cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+ cx|stcm mu|t+s |n|c|+t|v+s cm cx|o|+io +g||co|+ cscc|+|mcntc
n+s +|c+s occnocntcs oc c|uv+ |o|cm sc|+ ncccss+||o sc tc| um |cv+nt+mcnto ocss+s otcn-
c|+||o+ocs +t|+vcs oc um |cv+nt+mcnto cscc|||co tom+noo-sc o| b+sc +s Oc+s uc tcm um+
+m|+ o|st||bu|io nos mun|c||os oos o|vc|sos |st+oos o+ |cg|io ^ +,uo+ o+s cm|cs+s oc +s-
s|stcnc|+ tccn|c+ c cxtcnsio |u|+| (|m+tc|s) uc + scmc||+n+ o+s Oc+s tcm csc||to||os |cg|o-
n+|s c |oc+|s ooc|+ sc| oc g|+noc +,uo+ no m+c+mcnto o+s |n|c|+t|v+s |oout|v+s no scm|+||oo
|+noc| ^b|||o
+,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +.,-+|| ,u|-ocz .oo,
| u+sc obv|o uc um+ |ntcg|+io |ntc|o|sc|||n+| oc v+||+s +|c+s oo con|cc|mcnto c c|uc|+|
+|+ uc sc oss+m cx|o|+| +s o|mcnsocs oo ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| o+ |cg|io O cxcm-
|o uc cst+ sc conscgu|noo cm C+nuoos-|^ cm um |o,cto oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto |oc+| cm
um+ |cg|io cm|+||o+ c com |o|tc +c|o ||sto||co-cu|tu|+| c mu|t|o|sc|||n+| ooc|+ sc| |c|cv+ntc
+|+ o |ns+ como onto |oc+| no |utu|o ||nc|+|mcntc u+noo sc |ntcg|+m +s +ocs o+ +g||-
cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+ com +gu+ oc b+||+gcns com + cx|o|+io oc scuc||o c||cunv|z|n|+ ^ couc+io
contcxtu+||z+o+ c um onto oc +|t|o+ |uno+mcnt+| +|+ css+ c||cunstnc|+ |o cnt+nto mu|-
t+s out|+s +|c+s ooc|io sc| ob,cto oc +io ||nc|+|mcntc sc +ssoc|+noo + cu|tu|+ + g+st|ono-
m|+ c t+nt+s out|+s +|c+s uc oocm +,uo+| o tu||smo ||sto||co c cu|tu|+| +ntcs mcnc|on+oo
|+|+ too+s css+s o|mcnsocs c ncccss+||o uc sc tcn|+ bcm oc||nc+oo u+|s +s comctcnc|+s uc
cx|stcm c uc oocm + +|t|| oc +ocs cscc|||c+s t|+ns|o|m+| c conso||o+| o scm|+||oo como
um+ |cg|io c++z oc sc |ntcg|+| o|nm|c+ cconom|c+ oo +|s
|o cnt+nto o g|+noc ocs+||o uc |cc|s+ sc| cn||cnt+oo c|o |ns+ +|+ ocsconst|uio oo cst|g-
m+ cx|stcntc sob|c + |cg|io ocvc|+ tc| como onto oc +|t|o+ + +io n+ couc+io contcxtu+||-
z+o+ (b+s|co mco|o c suc||o|) c busc+ oc +ocs uc |omov+m o ocscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc|
o+ |cg|io uc tcm g|+nocs c|cmcntos b+s|cos n+s ||ucz+s m|nc|+|s num |o|tc c|o cu|tu|+| |o|-
m+oo c|+ m|stu|+ oos o|tugucscs +|||c+nos c |no|gcn+s c c|cmcntos cont|+st+ntcs no c||m+ c
n+ vcgct+io o|s c oos cm|+||oos oo munoo o m+|s bcm vcgct+oo c com m+|o| o|st||bu|io
oc c|uv+s |+|+ |sso c |mo|t+ntc como ,+ mcnc|on+oo + |ocnt|||c+io o+s comctcnc|+s n+s
m+|s v+||+o+s +|c+s oo con|cc|mcnto c n+s o|vc|s+s |nst|tu|ocs
3. Mapa de competncias do semirido brasileiro com base
institucional
|+|+ sc tc| um+ o|mcnsio m+|s +|o||+o+ o+s comctcnc|+s uc oocm +tu+| no cm|+||oo
c ncccss+||o cons|oc|+| os o||c|cntcs t|os oc |nst|tu|ocs uc cstio +tu+noo n+ |cg|io |cnt|o
ocssc contcxto cncont|+mos os |nst|tutos oc csu|s+ (|n|o+ocs o+ |mb|++ c o+s |m|cs+s
|st+ou+|s oc |csu|s+) os Cc|cts |o,c ||cts (|nst|tutos |coc|+|s oc |ouc+io ccno|og|c+ uc
t+mbcm |nc|ucm +s |sco|+s ^g|otccn|c+s |coc|+|s) c cn+|s os cu|sos oc g|+ou+io o+ +|c+
oc C|cnc|+s ^g|+||+s c os cu|sos oc os-g|+ou+io +c+ocm|cos ocss+ +|c+ bcm como +|guns
cu|sos oc os-g|+ou+io +c+ocm|c+s o+s C|cnc|+s ||o|og|c+s uc sio |c|cv+ntcs ocnt|o oo
contcxto oo |ns+
cm|+||oo b|+s||c||o um+ +n+||sc o+s otcnc|+||o+ocs
c o+s comctcnc|+s +|+ o scu ocscnvo|v|mcnto
+,,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +.,-+|| ,u|-ocz .oo,
4. Institutos de pesquisa
|cnt|o ocssc con,unto sc cncont|+m +s |n|o+ocs o+ |mb|++ no |o|ocstc b|+s||c||o cscc|+|-
mcntc +uc|+s |oc+||z+o+s no scm|+||oo |mb|++ cm|+||oo (|ct|o||n+-||) |mb|++ C+||-
nos (ob|+|-C|) |mb|++ ^g|o|noust||+ |o|c+| (|o|t+|cz+-C|) |mb|++ ^|gooio (C+m|n+
C|+noc-||) |mb|++ |+no|oc+ c ||ut|cu|tu|+ |o|c+| (C|uz o+s ^|m+s-|^) |mb|++ |c|o
|o|tc (c|cs|n+-||) |mb|++ +bu|c||os Costc||os (^|+c+,u-|) +|cm o+ |n|o+oc o+ |mb|++
o|os |nst+|+o+ cm |cc||c-|| O |cv+nt+mcnto oos csu|s+oo|cs com su+s |cscct|v+s ||n|+s oc
csu|s+ c m+|s s|m|cs o|s sc cncont|+ no cnoc|co oc c+o+ um+ ocss+s un|o+ocs onoc cn-
cont|+mos um cont|ngcntc oc cc|c+ oc |oo csu|s+oo|cs u+sc tooos com n|vc| oc mcst|+oo
c oouto|+oo
O out|o g|uo oc csu|s+oo|cs sc cncont|+ n+s Oc+s uc no |o|ocstc b|+s||c||o cstio |oc+||-
z+o+s nos cst+oos o+ |+||+ (|m|cs+ |+|+n+ oc |cscnvo|v|mcnto ^g|occu+||o |||^) + u+|
tcm csc||to||os mun|c|+|s c |cg|on+|s cm tooo o |st+oo + |m|cs+ oc |cscnvo|v|mcnto ^g|o-
ccu+||o |mo+g|o cm c|g|c o |c+|t+mcnto oc |csu|s+ ^g|occu+||+ o+ cc|ct+||+ oc
^g||cu|tu|+ oc ^|+go+s ||+ o |nst|tuto ^g|onom|co oc |c|n+mbuco ||^ uc tcm v+||+s
cst+ocs cxc||mcnt+|s n+s o||c|cntcs |cg|ocs oo |st+oo + |m|cs+ oc |csu|s+ ^g|occu+||+ o+
|+|+|b+ |mc+ c + |m|cs+ oc |csu|s+ ^g|occu+||+ oo ||o C|+noc oo |o|tc |||^|| Os
cst+oos oo Cc+|+ c oo ||+u| nio tcm cst|utu|+s cst+ou+|s oc |csu|s+ ^g|occu+||+ no |o|m+to
oos out|os |st+oos
O |cv+nt+mcnto oo numc|o c |oc+||z+io oos csu|s+oo|cs ocss+s |nst|tu|ocs ,+ c um ou-
co m+|s com|cxo o|s os cnoc|cos oc c+o+ um+ o+s |nst|tu|ocs mu|t+s vczcs nio contcm
+s |n|o|m+ocs oct+||+o+s ^ +|t|| o+ +most|+ uc |o| oss|vc| consu|t+| cst|m+-sc cm cc|c+
oc ,oo csu|s+oo|cs o|cm o numc|o oc oouto|cs c mcst|cs ncstc g|uo c bcm mcno|
|o cnt+nto css+s |nst|tu|ocs sio cst|+tcg|c+s +|+ |c+||z+| + |ntc||+cc com os +g||cu|to|cs oo
cm|+||oo o|uc os tccn|cos cstio c|to oos +g||cu|to|cs |m |cv+nt+mcnto oct+||+oo o+s
o||c|cntcs cst+ocs cxc||mcnt+|s onoc cstcs |o||ss|on+|s cstio |oc+||z+o+s u+| + |n||+cst|u-
tu|+ uc o|socm bcm como numc|o oc |o||ss|on+|s uc +tu+m n+ |cg|io sc|+ oc g|+noc
s|gn|||c+oo +|+ o |ns+ o|s ooc|+ sc| um+ o+s vc|tcntcs +|+ sc +|ox|m+| o+s |n|c|+t|v+s oc
ocscnvo|v|mcnto uc cstio o+noo cc|to no cm|+||oo c uc ooc|io +,uo+| mu|to no |o-
ccsso oc t|+ns|c|cnc|+ oc tccno|og|+
|+noc| ^b|||o
+,o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +.,-+|| ,u|-ocz .oo,
5. Institutos tecnolgicos federais
|x|stc out|o con,unto oc |nst|tu|ocs oco|c+o+s +o cns|no tccno|og|co uc ooc|+ sc| oc mu|to
s|gn|||c+oo +|+ o |ns+ c uc cst+ o|v|o|oo cm oo|s g|uos + s+bc| oc um |+oo os Ccnt|os |coc-
|+|s oc |ouc+io ccno|og|c+ os Cc|cts c +s |sco|+s ^g|otccn|c+s |coc|+|s t|+ns|o|m+oos cm
|nst|tutos |coc|+|s - ||cts Os c|v|os |+c|on+|s oc ^|cno|z+gcm |noust||+| ||^|s |c|cscn-
t+m um g|uo oc |nst|tu|ocs uc sc oco|c+m +o t|+b+||o tccno|og|co cm mu|t+s +|c+s
|ss+s |nst|tu|ocs ooc|io sc| mu|to |mo|t+ntcs +|+ + +|ox|m+io com + t|+ns|c|cnc|+ oc
tccno|og|+ c ||nc|+|mcntc +tu+| n+ t|+ns|o|m+io oc |ooutos +g|occu+||os com +g|cg+-
io oc v+|o| |o| cxcm|o o cn+| oc |ct|o||n+ tcm um+ un|o+oc uc o|soc oc um+ cxcc|cntc
|n||+cst|utu|+ +|+ +s m+|s o|vc|s+s +n+||scs |+bo|+to||+|s c ooc|+ sc| um+ un|o+oc co|+bo|+oo|+
+|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc tccno|og|+s +|+ |occss+mcnto +g|occu+||o gc|+| uc v|sc +g|cg+|
v+|o| +os |ooutos +g||co|+s (c+|ncs |ooutos |+ctcos |+||n|+s c out|os) tcnoo |nc|us|vc cu|-
+mcntos +|+ cstuoos oc |cs|ouos cm |ooutos +g||co|+s c cst|m+|mos o numc|o mco|o oc
.o |o|csso|cs ||g+oos s +t|v|o+ocs +g|occu+||+s cm c+o+ um+ o+s ,+ un|o+ocs tc||+mos m+|s
oc eoo |o||ss|on+|s o uc |c|cscnt+ um cont|ngcntc cx|css|vo c uc ocvc|+ sc| ob,cto oc um
|cv+nt+mcnto m|nuc|oso o| +|tc oo |ns+
6. Cursos de cincias agrrias
Out|o cont|ngcntc oc |o||ss|on+|s uc c mu|to |c|cv+ntc +|+ o t|+b+||o oo |ns+ c o con,unto
oc |o|csso|cs oos cu|sos suc||o|cs o+s C|cnc|+s ^g|+||+s cx|stcntcs no |o|ocstc b|+s||c||o cs-
cc|+|mcntc nos |st+oos oc g|+noc cx|cssio oc +|c+ scm|-+||o+ |cssc contcxto sc cons|oc|ou
o cst+oo oc ||n+s Cc|+|s ||nc|+|mcntc os cu|sos o+ |n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oc ||n+s Cc|+|s
(|||C) |oc+||z+oos cm |ontcs C|+|os uc cst+ s|tu+o+ cm um+ |cg|io scm|+||o+ |o|+m con-
s|oc|+oos os cu|sos g|+tu|tos o+s un|vc|s|o+ocs |coc|+|s c cst+ou+|s c um+ mun|c|+| Os cu|sos
cons|oc|+oos |o|+m ^g|onom|+ |ngcn|+||+ oc |csc+ |ngcn|+||+ ||o|cst+| |ngcn|+||+ ^g||co|+
c ^mb|cnt+| zootccn|+ |co|c|n+ Vctc||n+||+ c |ngcn|+||+ oc ^||mcntos |o|+m |ocnt|||c+oos
;, cu|sos (+bc|+ +) scnoo ,e cm un|vc|s|o+ocs |coc|+|s c +e cm un|vc|s|o+ocs cst+ou+|s c um
cu|so como +ut+|u|+ mun|c|+|
|m tc|mos oc numc|o + ^g|onom|+ ||oc|+ com ., cu|sos scnoo scgu|o+ c|+ zootccn|+ com +,
c |co|c|n+ Vctc||n+||+ com ocz c + +|t|| o+| o numc|o oos ocm+|s cu|sos c |c|+t|v+mcntc c-
ucno o|s |ngcn|+||+ oc |csc+ c |ngcn|+||+ ||o|cst+| cont+m com sctc c o|to cu|sos |cscc-
t|v+mcntc cnu+nto uc |ngcn|+||+ ^g||co|+ c ^mb|cnt+| c |ngcn|+||+ oc ^||mcntos cont+m
com c|nco cu|sos c+o+
cm|+||oo b|+s||c||o um+ +n+||sc o+s otcnc|+||o+ocs
c o+s comctcnc|+s +|+ o scu ocscnvo|v|mcnto
+,)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +.,-+|| ,u|-ocz .oo,
Tabela 1. Cursos da rea de Cincias Agrrias das universidades federais e estaduais no semirido brasileiro.
Cursos L 8 CL | kH AL SL MC 8A 1otal
^g|onom|+ ! . . . 1 . 1 1 1 1
|ngcn|+||+ oc |csc+ 1 - 1 1 1 1 - - 1 o
|ngcn|+||+ ||o|cst+| 1 1 - 1 1 - 1 1 1
|ngcn|+||+ ^g||co|+ c ^mb|cnt+| . 1 - - 1 - - 1 -
zootccn|+ . 1 1 1 . . - 1 1 11
|co|c|n+ Vctc||n+||+ . 1 - . 1 1 - - .
|ngcn|+||+ oc ^||mcntos - - 1 - - - 1 1 - !
ubtot+| 11 o o ! o o
zootccn|+ - - 1 1 - 1 - - 1 4
^g|onom|+ 1 - - ! - - - - 4 c
|co|c|n+ Vctc||n+||+ - - - - - - - - 1 1
|ngcn|+||+ oc ^||mcntos - - - - - - - - . .
|ngcn|+||+ ||o|cst+| - - - - - - - - 1 1
|ngcn|+||+ oc |csc+ - - - - - - - - 1 1
Subtotal ! - ! 4 - ! - - !0 !7
7,6+ 26,9+ 9,!+ !9,0+ !7,!+ !.74!,0
1otal !2 6 6 !! 7 7 ! !6 7!
u+noo sc cons|oc|+ + o|st||bu|io oos cu|sos +|guns |st+oos sio m+|s bcm +u|n|o+oos oo
uc out|os o| cxcm|o |c|n+mbuco tcm ++ cu|sos |coc|+|s |o|cm u+noo sc cons|oc|+m os
cu|sos cst+ou+|s vc||||c+-sc uc os |st+oos com m+|o| numc|o oc cu|sos sio + |+||+ com novc
c o ||+u| com u+t|o c os ocm+|s |st+oos u+sc nio tcm cu|sos como oco||c n+ |+|+|b+ ||o
C|+noc oo |o|tc c c|g|c scnoo uc |c|n+mbuco tcm um cu|so +t|oc|n+oo o| um+ +ut+|-
u|+ mun|c|+| u+noo sc cons|oc|+m os cu|sos o+s un|vc|s|o+ocs ub||c+s |coc|+|s c cst+ou-
+|s + |+||+ tcm +, c |c|n+mbuco c ||+u| tcm ++ o uc |c|cscnt+ um numc|o cons|oc|+vc| |o|
out|o |+oo c mu|to |mo|t+ntc sc cons|oc|+| + o|st||bu|io oos |c|c||oos cu|sos cm tc|mos oc
cs+c|+||z+io no scm|+||oo o|s os mcsmos cstio o|st||bu|oos cm ,, mun|c||os scnoo uc sc|s
oc|cs sio c+|t+|s (+bc|+ .)
|+noc| ^b|||o
+,s
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +.,-+|| ,u|-ocz .oo,
Tabela 2. Locais dos cursos de graduao em Cincias Agrrias de universidades pblicas federais e estaduais
do Nordeste brasileiro.
L 8 CL | kH AL SL MC 8A 1otal
|un|c||o . . . 1 . 1 1 1 1
^g|onom|+ - 1 1 1 1 - - 1 o
zootccn|+
|co|c|n+
Vctc||n+||+
|ngcn|+||+
^g||co|+ c
^mb|cnt+|
|ngcn|+||+
oc |csc+
1 - 1 1 1
|ngcn|+||+ ||o|cst+|
|ngcn|+||+
oc ^||mcntos
1 - - 1 - - 1 -
|cc||c' X X X X X X 1 1 11
C+|+n|uns' X - .
c||+ +||+o+' X 1 - !
|ct|o||n+` X X
^|+|||n+' X o o
^|c|+
4
X X
C+m|n+ C|+noc

X - 1 4
|+tos

X X - 4 c
|omb+|

X - 1 1
|o|t+|cz+
o
X X X X - . .
C|+to
o
X - 1 1
ob|+|

X - 1 1
|uno|+|
c
X X - 10 1
|osso|o

X X X X X
|+cc|o
10
X X 1o !
^|+||+c+
10
X X X X
+nt+n+ oc |+ncm+
11
X
^|+c+,u
1.
X X X
+|v+oo|
1!
X
|u+zc||o X
14
X
.
|+u|o ^|onso
14
X
|+||c||+s
14
X
C|uz o+s ^|m+s
1
X X X X X
|c||+ oc +nt+n+
1o
X
|||cus
1
X X
|t+ct|ng+
1c
X X
V|to||+ o+ Conu|st+
1c
X X
c|cs|n+
1
X X
|om |csus
1
X X X X
|+|n+|b+ X
.0
X
1
Co||cntc
1
X X
||cos
.0
X
|ontcs C|+|os
.1
X X X X X

J||||
.
J`|\^:|
,
|^C|^G|^
;
J||8
,
J|CG
.
J|C
,
J\^

J||`
,
J|||:^
o
J|^|

J`|^|
.
J|:
,
J|8^
;
J`|8
,
J||8
.
J||:
,
J|:C

J|:8
,
J|||
.o
J|:||
.
J|/G
cm|+||oo b|+s||c||o um+ +n+||sc o+s otcnc|+||o+ocs
c o+s comctcnc|+s +|+ o scu ocscnvo|v|mcnto
+,,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +.,-+|| ,u|-ocz .oo,
Cons|oc|+noo uc c+o+ cu|so tcm um+ mco|+ oc ,o |o|csso|cs o cont|ngcntc cst|m+oo c oc
m+|s oc oo|s m|| |o|csso|cs o uc c um+ vc|tcntc mu|to cons|oc|+vc| |cssc contcxto sc ocvc
cons|oc|+| uc os |o|csso|cs ocsscs cu|sos cstio |o|m+noo os tccn|cos;csu|s+oo|cs;|o|cs-
so|cs uc ||io +tu+| no scm|+||oo c o|t+nto sc|+ oc g|+noc s|gn|||c+oo uc +s o|sc|||n+s ocs-
scs cu|sos c|o mcnos +uc|+s uc sc,+m |o||ss|on+||z+ntcs tcn|+m um+ |nsc|io o+ ucstio
oo scm|+||oo oc mooo + +,uo+| n+ |o|m+io oos cstuo+ntcs +|+ com|ccnoc|cm + |cg|io c
oss+m cont|||bu|| com |nov+ocs |c|cv+ntcs +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo scm|+||oo | mu|to
|ov+vc| uc |+,+ ncccss|o+oc oc um+ |cv|sio oc m+t||z cu|||cu|+| c out|os +,ustcs uc so o-
oc|io sc| |c|tos + +|t|| oc um+ |ntc|+io com o |ns+ no scnt|oo oc cst|mu|+| os |o|csso|cs c
o|||gcntcs o+s |nst|tu|ocs o|vc|s+s + sc mot|v+|cm c|o scm|+||oo |cvc-sc +tcnt+| t+mbcm uc
o numc|o oc +|unos ncsscs cu|sos c cx|css|vo o|s sc cons|oc|+|mos uc c+o+ cu|so tcm cm
mco|+ ,oo +|unos o uc c um numc|o consc|v+oo| o cont|ngcntc oc +|unos c suc||o| + .o m||
uc oc um+ |o|m+ ou oc out|+ ooc|+ sc| mu|t|||c+oo| o+s +ocs oo |ns+
7. Cursos de ps-graduao acadmicos
Out|+ vc|tcntc mu|to |mo|t+ntc +|+ um+ |ntc|+io cst|c|t+ com o |ns+ no uc t+ngc +o m+-
c+mcnto o+s comctcnc|+s |nst+|+o+s no scm|+||oo c o cns|no o+ os-g|+ou+io +c+ocm|c+
+|t|cu|+|mcntc o+ +|c+ oc C|cnc|+s ^g|+||+s |o|+m |ocnt|||c+oos |, cu|sos oc os-g|+ou+io
+c+ocm|cos os u+|s contcm|+m +,, ||n|+s oc csu|s+ (u+o|o ,) c cont+m com ;|, |o|cs-
so|cs cmbo|+ cx|st+m ou||c|o+ocs o|s um mcsmo |o|csso| ooc|+ |+zc| +|tc oc +tc oo|s
cu|sos como ooccntc c|m+ncntc ou +tc m+|s |nc|u|noo os cu|sos nos u+|s +|t|c|+ +cn+s
como co|+bo|+oo|
Os cu|sos cstio o|st||bu|oos cm sctc +|c+s + s+bc| ^g|onom|+ |ngcn|+||+ ^g||co|+ |co|c|-
n+ Vctc||n+||+ zootccn|+ |ccu|sos ||o|cst+|s c |ngcn|+||+ ||o|cst+| |ccu|sos |csuc||os c |n-
gcn|+||+ oc |csc+ c |ngcn|+||+ oc ^||mcntos c C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ oc ^||mcntos scnoo uc
o m+|o| numc|o oc cu|sos sc cncont|+ n+ ^g|onom|+ com o||c|cntcs +|c+s oc conccnt|+io
como o|os c |ut||io oc ||+nt+s |ccu|sos Ccnct|cos Vcgct+|s |o|t|cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+ ||to+to-
|og|+ |ntomo|og|+ |c||o|+mcnto oc ||+nt+s ||oouio Vcgct+| c +|guns oc|cs cm ||totccn|+
scnoo uc um oc|cs tcm + +|c+ oc conccnt|+io cm C|cnc|+s ^g|+||+s o uc c m+|s +m|o oo
uc + ||totccn|+ ^ ^g|onom|+ cng|ob+ .. cu|sos |m scgu|o+ vcm +s +|c+s oc |co|c|n+ Vctc||-
n+||+ c zootccn|+ com o|to cu|sos c+o+ scnoo uc os onzc cu|sos |cst+ntcs cstio o|st||bu|oos
cnt|c +s u+t|o +|c+s uc +|cscnt+m um+ b+|x+ ||cucnc|+ oc cu|sos (+bc|+ ,)
|+noc| ^b|||o
+o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +.,-+|| ,u|-ocz .oo,
Tabela 3. Cursos de Ps-Graduao acadmicos em Cincias Agrrias e Biolgicas, com os
respectivos nmeros de linhas de pesquisa e de professores, organizados por reas e Sub reas.
reas Nmero de Cursos
Nmero de Linhas de
Pesquisa
Nmero de Docentes
Clnclas Agrarlas
01 ^g|onom|+ .. (1!)' c !.
0. |ngcn|+||+ ^g||co|+ 4 (1) 1. !
0! |co|c|n+ Vctc||n+||+ c (.) .! 11
04 |ccu|sos ||o|cst+|s c |ngcn|+||+ ||o|cst+| . (1) o .4
0 |ccu|sos |csuc||os c |ngcn|+||+ oc |csc+ . (1) 1 .c
0o zootccn|+ c (!) 4 111
0 |ngcn|+||+ oc ^||mcntos c C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+
oc ^||mcntos
! (0) c !o
ub-ot+| 4 (.1) 1! 4!
Clnclas 8lologlcas
01 ||o|og|+ Cc|+| 1 . 1
0. |otn|c+ ! (.) .0
0! zoo|og|+ 4 1! 40
04 |co|og|+ 4 (1) 1 c.
0 Ccnct|c+ 1 4 .
0o ||otccno|og|+ ! (.) !
ub-ot+| 1o () !!4
ot+| Cc|+| o (.o) .. 10
Cascs ae aca:caac
|o tot+| oc cu|sos oc os-g|+ou+io +c+ocm|cos .+ oc|cs +|cscnt+m t+mbcm o oouto|+oo
nov+mcntc sc ocst+c+noo + ^g|onom|+ com o m+|o| numc|o (+,) zootccn|+ com t|cs c |co|-
c|n+ Vctc||n+||+ com oo|s ^s ocm+|s +|c+s tcm +cn+s um cu|so oc oouto|+oo c + +|c+ oc C|-
cnc|+ oc ^||mcntos +|no+ nio tcm oouto|+oo |o|t+nto csscs scto|cs tcm um g|+noc otcnc|+|
+|+ o c|csc|mcnto cm numc|o oc cu|sos oc oouto|+oo o|s + |cg|io scm|+||o+ |cc|s+ mu|to
o+ csu|s+ ocss+s +|c+s
Obsc|v+noo-sc + o|st||bu|io cs+c|+| oos cu|sos oc os-g|+ou+io +c+ocm|cos n+ C|cnc|+s
^g|+||+s vc||||c+-sc uc +s c+|t+|s +b||g+m .e oos |, cu|sos scnoo uc os ., |cst+ntcs cs-
tio o|st||bu|oos cm +. mun|c||os +|guns oc|cs no scm|+||oo como |osso|o-|| |ct|o||n+-||
cm|+||oo b|+s||c||o um+ +n+||sc o+s otcnc|+||o+ocs
c o+s comctcnc|+s +|+ o scu ocscnvo|v|mcnto
++
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +.,-+|| ,u|-ocz .oo,
|u+zc||o-|^ |+tos-|| ou cm +|c+s |ox|m+s +o cm|+||oo como C+m|n+ C|+noc-|| |c||+ oc
+nt+n+ C|uz o+s ^|m+s c V|to||+ o+ Conu|st+ n+ |+||+ Cons|oc|+noo-sc uc + o|sc|sio oos
cu|sos oc g|+ou+io c bcm +m|+ no scm|+||oo c uc sc t|+t+m oc cu|sos novos c |ov+vc| uc
mco|o+ uc csscs cu|sos sc conso||ocm novos cu|sos oc os-g|+ou+io +c+ocm|cos oss+m
sc| cst+bc|cc|oos cm m+|s |oc+|s oo scm|+||oo mc||o|+noo + |ntc||o||z+io o+ os-g|+ou+io
+c+ocm|c+ +tc ouco tcmo |+t|c+mcntc |cst||t+ s c+|t+|s oo |o|ocstc b|+s||c||o
+mbcm |o|+m cons|oc|+oos +e cu|sos o+ +|c+ oc C|cnc|+s ||o|og|c+s scnoo +|guns oc|cs ||g+oos
||o|og|+ Cc|+| c + |otn|c+ o|s sio +|c+s oo con|cc|mcnto mu|to |c|cv+ntcs +|+ o cstuoo
o+s cscc|cs vcgct+|s n+t|v+s com g|+noc otcnc|+| como +s |o||+gc||+s mco|c|n+|s o|n+mcn-
t+|s c ||ut||c|+s |cssc contcxto os cu|sos oc |otn|c+ cx|stcntcs cm |cc||c (|||||) c |c||+ oc
+nt+n+ (|||) sio |c|cv+ntcs c mu|to bons c tcm concc|to , n+ C+cs +mbcm |o|+m con-
s|oc|+oos cu|sos oc ||o|og|+ oc |ungos ||c|ob|o|og|+ c ||o|og|+ |o|ccu|+| o|s os m|c|oo|g+-
n|smos |c|cscnt+m um g|+noc otcnc|+| +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo cm|+||oo o|s + ||x+io
||o|og|c+ oc ||t|ogcn|o (|||) |c|cscnt+ um+ tccno|og|+ |mo|t+ntc +|+ +s |cg|ocs t|o|c+|s
onoc + o|son|b|||o+oc oc n|t|ogcn|o nos so|os c ||cucntcmcntc b+|x+ o uc ||m|t+ + |oout|-
v|o+oc +g||co|+ |+|+ o scm|+||oo oo ||+s|| |c|cscnt+ um+ +|tc|n+t|v+ +|+ o mc||o| ocscnvo|v|-
mcnto oc |+nt+s |cgum|nos+s
|m um cstuoo |c|to com b+ctc||+s o+ ||zos|c|+ oc |c|,io-c+u| no sc|tio +g|cstc c zon+ o+ m+t+
oo cst+oo oc |c|n+mbuco |o| cncont|+o+ um+ g|+noc o|vc|s|o+oc b+sc+o+ n+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s
cu|tu|+|s tcnoo-sc |ocnt|||c+oo cc|c+ oc eoo b+ctc||+s ||+nt+s oc |c|,io-c+u| (V|gn+ ungu|cu|+t+
(| \+|) cm gc|+| sio noou|+o+s o| cst||cs oc c|csc|mcnto |cnto ocsc||t+s como ||+oy|||zo-
b|um s |o| cncont|+oo cc|c+ oc ,o/ o+ co|cio com b+ctc||+s oc c|csc|mcnto |+|oo o uc
t|+ouz um g|uo com c+|+ctc||st|c+s oc to|c|nc|+ +s cono|ocs +ovc|s+s oc +|t+s tcmc|+tu|+s
c | +c|oo ^ c||c|cnc|+ ocstcs |so|+oos |o| tcst+o+ cm |c|,io oc co|o+ c so,+ cm um cxc||mcn-
to oc c+s+ oc vcgct+io com subst|+to cstc||| Os |so|+oos noou|+|+m + so,+ c o c+u| |+|+ cst+
cu|tu|+ + c||c|cnc|+ |o| oc +oo/ m+s ncn|um+ sc most|ou m+|s c||c|cntc oo uc +s uc sio |c-
comcno+o+s +|+ + cu|tu|+ o+ so,+ |m scgu|o+ |o|+m csco|||oos ocz |so|+oos o+ co|cio +|+
tcst+| cm cxc||mcnto oc so|o nos s|stcm+s oc |oouio ||||g+oo c oc scuc||o
^os oo|s +nos oc tcstcs cm +|c+ o+ |mb|++ c ostc||o|mcntc v+||o+io o+ tccno|og|+ cm +|c+
oc +g||cu|to|cs o+ |cg|io oc Vo|t+ oo ||+c|o |ct|o||n+ || um ocstcs |so|+oos tcvc + su+ |c-
comcno+io +|ov+o+ cm .oo| c|o ||n|stc||o o+ ^g||cu|tu|+ n+ |c|+|c (|coc oc |+bo|+to||os
+|+ + |ccomcno+io |+o|on|z+io c |||usio oc ccno|og|+ oc |nocu|+ntcs ||c|ob|+nos oc
|ntc|cssc ^g||co|+) uc oco||cu cm Cu||t|b+-||
+mbcm |o|+m ||st+oos u+t|o cu|sos oc zoo|og|+ o|s sc |m+g|n+ uc csscs cu|sos ooc||+m
sc| ob,cto oc consu|t+ oo |ns+ +|+ uc sc,+m |c|tos cstuoos sob|c + |+un+ oo cm|+||oo um+
|+noc| ^b|||o
+:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +.,-+|| ,u|-ocz .oo,
vcz uc sc s+bc mu|to ouco sob|c + mcsm+ Contuoo +cs+| o+ g|+noc |cssio uc +|gum+s
cscc|cs so||cm ocv|oo |ocu|+ o+s mcsm+s +|+ uso comc|c|+| ou +tc +|+ +||mcnt+io oos
+g||cu|to|cs nio cx|stcm cstuoos su||c|cntcs sob|c +s mcsm+s cscc|+|mcntc |cv+nt+mcnto oos
t|os cx|stcntcs t|os oc +||mcnt+io |c|c|cnc|+|s tccn|c+s oc |c|oouio c c||+io c +ss|m o|
o|+ntc oc |o|m+ uc no |utu|o +|gum+s ocss+s cscc|cs oss+m sc| c||+o+s |+c|on+|mcntc c o
ocsc+|tc |og|+m+oo oss+ +tcnoc| s ocm+no+s o+ soc|co+oc oc +g||cu|to|cs c consum|oo|cs
scm |ovoc+| ||scos oc cxt|nio o+s mcsm+s
u+noo sc cons|oc|+m +s ||n|+s oc csu|s+ c o numc|o oc |o|csso|cs +ssoc|+oos sc vc||||c+
uc cx|stc um+ g|+noc o|vc|s|o+oc oc ||n|+s c cont+ com um cont|ngcntc cx|css|vo oc |o|cs-
so|cs o|s nos e, cu|sos oc os-g|+ou+io +c+ocm|cos tcm m+|s oc ;oo |o|csso|cs ocscont+n-
oo-sc +s ou||c+ocs ^u| sc |m+g|n+ tcm um+ +|c+ mu|to |om|sso|+ +|+ o |ns+ +|o|uno+|
o cstuoo |+zcnoo um+ +ssoc|+io oos |o|csso|cs com +s |cscct|v+s ||n|+s oc csu|s+ oos
o||c|cntcs cu|sos oc mooo uc sc ooc|+ vc||||c+| u+|s +s ||n|+s uc cstio cm s|nton|+ com
+s ||o||o+ocs cst|+tcg|c+s c ||n|+s oc +io oo |ns+ oc mooo uc sc oss+ o|g+n|z+| g|uos oc
|o|csso|cs +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc +ocs oc csu|s+ uc sc,+m |c|cv+ntcs +|+ o cm|+||-
oo c +ss|m oss+m +tc |o|m+| |cocs cscc|||c+s nio so +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc csu|s+s oc
mooo com|cmcnt+| u+noo oss|vc| bcm como +|+ + |o|m+t+io oc |o,ctos bcm cmb+s+-
oos +|+ busc+ oc |ccu|sos ||n+ncc||os +|+ ||n+nc|+mcnto o+s csu|s+s cm co|t+|s cscc|||cos
8. Proposies para o Insa
^ +|t|| o+s +n+||scs |c+||z+o+s t+nto o+s cxc||cnc|+s c |n|c|+t|v+s n+c|on+|s como |ntc|n+c|on+|s
c oss|vc| sc |+zc| +|gum+s |oos|ocs +|+ o |ns+ |st+s |oos|ocs tcm como ob,ct|vo cst|-
mu|+| um+ |c||cxio sob|c v+||os ontos no uc o|z |csc|to s otcnc|+||o+ocs c |n|c|+t|v+s uc
o scm|+||oo o|c|ccc +|+ scu ocscnvo|v|mcnto bcm como o m+c+mcnto ocss+s |n|c|+t|v+s
+ssoc|+oo s comctcnc|+s cx|stcntcs no momcnto c t+mbcm com o cn|ouc |oscct|vo no
scnt|oo oc muo+| +s csso+s uc muo+m +s co|s+s
io +s scgu|ntcs +s |oos|ocs
+) |+b+||+| ,unto +o CC|| +|+ + c|+bo|+io oc um+ |+n|||+ |xcc| contcnoo too+s +s ucs-
tocs |cv+nt+o+s n+ consu|t+ c|ctu+o+ u+noo o+ c|+bo|+io oo ||+nc,+mcnto |st|+tcg|co
oo |ns+ c|m|t|noo +ss|m obtc| |n|o|m+ocs |c|cv+ntcs + +|t|| o+ m+n|u|+io ocstcs o+-
oos com o ob,ct|vo oc ocn|| cst|+tcg|+s |c|cv+ntcs +|+ o scm|+||oo (com+|t|||+mcnto
oc cu|+mcntos o||cnt+| |utu|os co|t+|s ocn|io oc |cocs cnt|c t+nt+s out|+s)
cm|+||oo b|+s||c||o um+ +n+||sc o+s otcnc|+||o+ocs
c o+s comctcnc|+s +|+ o scu ocscnvo|v|mcnto
+,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +.,-+|| ,u|-ocz .oo,
b) O|g+n|z+| um b+nco oc o+oos + +|t|| o+s |n|o|m+ocs obt|o+s c|o CC|| oc mooo uc sc
tcn|+ um+ |+n|||+ com too+s +s |n|o|m+ocs |c|cv+ntcs +|+ c+o+ |csonocntc oc mooo
+ c|m|t|| sc |+zc| +s o|vc|s+s +g|cg+ocs uc sc,+m |mo|t+ntcs ocnt|o oc c+o+ contcxto
c) Com|cmcnt+| o b+nco oc o+oos +ssoc|+noo os ooccntcs c|m+ncntcs oos cu|sos oc
os-g|+ou+io +c+ocm|cos s ||n|+s oc csu|s+ oos cu|sos oc os-g|+ou+io st||ctu
scnsu s ||o||o+ocs cst|+tcg|c+s c ||n|+s oc +io oo |ns+ cx|css+s cm scu ||+no |||c-
to| o|s + +|t|| oc m+|s oc .|o ||n|+s oc csu|s+ cont|o+s nos |og|+m+s oc os-g|+-
ou+io sc ooc|+ ocscnvo|vc| um+ nov+ s|nc|g|+ n+ conccio c cxccuio oc csu|s+
no scm|+||oo
o) ^ssoc|+| os tcm+s +os |csonocntcs o|uc os tcm+s |o|+m ocscnvo|v|oos + +|t|| o+s
||o||o+ocs cst|+tcg|c+s c ||n|+s oc +io cont|o+s no ||+no |||cto| oo |ns+
c) |+c+| +s |n|c|+t|v+s oc ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo scm|+||oo ,unt+mcntc com +s Oc+s
(|st+ocs |xc||mcnt+|s c o|gios oc ^ss|stcnc|+ ccn|c+ nos scus |sc||to||os
|cg|on+|s c |oc+|s) ||nc|+|mcntc c|+ c+||+||o+oc uc +s mcsm+s o|socm oc
mooo + |o|m+| um b+nco oc o+oos cscc|cos +|+ o scm|+||oo most|+noo o uc
,+ sc tcm c oc||m|t+noo o scu |m+cto cm tc|mos oc cm|cgos otcnc|+||o+ocs oc
ocscnvo|v|mcnto |utu|o cnt|c out|os
|) O|g+n|z+| c m+ntc| +tu+||z+oo um b+nco oc o+oos gc|+| sob|c o scm|+||oo com cst+t|s-
t|c+s |c|cv+ntcs sob|c +s |n|o|m+ocs o|vc|s+s (cu|sos oc g|+ou+io c oc os-g|+ou+io
cns|no tccno|og|co numc|o oc |o|csso|cs o| |nst|tu|io ||n|+ oc csu|s+ ctc)
g) ||+bo|+| m++s com +s |oc+||z+ocs o+s |st+ocs |xc||mcnt+|s o+s Oc+s nos o|vc|sos
|st+oos c cst+bc|ccc| ||n|s +|+ |n|o|m+ocs +o|c|on+|s sob|c +s o|vc|s+s un|o+ocs + m
oc |+c|||t+| + consu|t+ c|o ub||co otcnc|+|
|) ||+bo|+| m++ com + |no|c+io oos cu|sos suc||o|cs oc C|cnc|+s ^g|+||+s oc mooo +
c|m|t|| um+ v|sio gc|+| o+ o|sc|sio oos mcsmos no |o|ocstc b|+s||c||o |nc|us|vc os
uc cx|stcm no scm|+||oo
|) ||+bo|+| m++ oc |oc+||z+io oos cu|sos oc os-g|+ou+io +c+ocm|cos cx|stcntcs no
|o|ocstc b|+s||c||o c |c|cv+ntcs +|+ +tcnoc| m|ssio oo |ns+ oc mooo + tc| um+ |+|o+
v|su+||z+io o+ o|st||bu|io cs+c|+| oos mcsmos n+ |cg|io
,) O|g+n|z+| c conouz|| m|ssocs tccn|c+s t+nto ocnt|o oo scm|+||oo oo |o|ocstc b|+s||c|-
|o +|+ con|ccc| |nst|tu|ocs c cxc||cnc|+s cx|tos+s bcm como + +|guns scm|+||oos oo
munoo com ob,ct|vos cscc|cos |o| cxcm|o um+ m|ssio tccn|c+ + ^ust|+||+ ooc||+
|+noc| ^b|||o
+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +.,-+|| ,u|-ocz .oo,
tc| onto oc +|t|o+ no C||O v|s+noo con|ccc| o cst+oo o+ +|tc o+ csu|s+ com |o-
ouio +n|m+| |m+ m|ssio tccn|c+ |n|vc|s|o+oc oo ^||zon+ +|+ con|ccc| os +v+nos
cm scnso||+mcnto |cmoto |m+ ||ssio ccn|c+ |s+n|+ +|+ v|s|t+| + ^nccoo cm
V+|cnc|+ +|+ con|ccc| + cst|+tcg|+ oc o|g+n|z+io oc +g||cu|to|cs +|+ +|t|c|+| oc
mc|c+oos cx|gcntcs |m too+s css+s m|ssocs sc ooc||+ tc| + |ntcg|+io oc um nuc|co oc
|o|csso|cs oc cu|sos oc os-g|+ou+io cscc|cos (scnso||+mcnto |cmoto |oouio
+n|m+| +g||cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+ cnt|c out|os) |m +|t|cu|+| sc |m+g|n+ uc sc||+ oc g|+noc
v+||+ uc +s ||ssocs vc||c+sscm + |mo|tnc|+ c + cst|+tcg|+ o+ +g||cu|tu|+ ||||g+o+ cm
o||c|cntcs cm|+||oos
Agradecimentos
O +uto| +g|+occc + ^nton|o C+||os Cucocs c|+ |c|tu|+ cu|o+oos+ oo m+nusc||to ||n+| c cm
nomc oo u+| cx|css+ tooo o +o|o |cccb|oo oo CC|| ou|+ntc + c|+bo|+io oo t|+b+||o bcm
como + ^|bc||c|o |c|c||+ oc ^no|+oc cm nomc oo u+| cx|css+ tooo o +o|o |cccb|oo oo |ns+
cstcnocnoo os +g|+occ|mcntos + |osc oc ouz+ ||v+ o+ |mb|++ c + ||v|o |osc |oss| o+ ||||
c|+s s+uo+vc|s o|scussocs sob|c os tcm+s |c|cv+ntcs +|+ o scm|+||oo c uc |o|+m mu|to |mo|-
t+ntcs +|+ + mc||o||+ oo |cscntc t|+b+||o


|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-ocz .oo,
Rede de inovao de dermocosmticos na Amaznia:
o uso sustentvel de sua biodiversidade com enfoques para as cadeias
produtivas da castanha-do-par e dos leos de andirba e copaba
Alberto Cardoso Arruda

+ ^|bc|to C+|ooso ^||uo+ c |o|csso| oo |nst|tuto oc C|cnc|+s |x+t+s c |+tu|+|s o+ |+cu|o+oc oc u|m|c+ c ||og|+m+ oc |os-
C|+ou+io cm u|m|c+ (|n|vc|s|o+oc |coc|+| oo |+|+) |m+|| +||uo++|bc|to,gm+||com
Resumo
|stc t|+b+||o +|cscnt+ um cstuoo sob|c +s otcn-
c|+||o+ocs o+ ^m+zon|+ +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc
oc|mocosmct|cos uc ut|||zcm m+tc||+s ||m+s |c-
g|on+|s O cstuoo |c+||z+ um |cv+nt+mcnto o+ c++-
c|o+oc |oc+| cm |oouz|| con|cc|mcnto c ocscnvo|-
vc| tccno|og|+s +|o||+o+s s c+oc|+s o+ +no||ob+
co+|b+ c c+st+n|+-oo-+|+ +|s c+oc|+s |oout|v+s
sio |coom|n+ntcs +s m+|s bcm cst+bc|cc|o+s n+
|cg|io |c|cscnt+noo |mo|t+ntcs |ontcs oc |cno+
+|+ g|+noc +|tc o+s comun|o+ocs |cg|on+|s
alavras-cbave. ^m+zon|+ |cscnvo|v|mcnto |c|-
mocosmct|cos ccno|og|+s +|o||+o+s
Abstract
's ae eseo:s a s:aa, co :ne c:eo:a' c/ :ne
^oaco :c :ne ae.e'coeo: c/ aeoc.csoe:.s
aso ecoa' oa:ea's 'e s:aa, .coaa.:s a
sa.e, c/ 'c.a' .aa.:, :c caa.e oc.'eae aoa
ae.e'c :e.noc'ces aca:e :c :ne .naos
aoacoa .caoa aoa oa'ao oa:s :a.n sa',
.naos ae :ne ocs: e.a'eo: aoa es:ao'snea o :ne
eco eeseo:o ao oc:ao: sca.e c/ o.coe
/c oa.n c/ :ne ecoa' .cooao:es
Keywords: ^oaco |e.e'coeo: |eoc.csoe:.s
^ca:e :e.noc'ces
1. Bioprodutos da Amaznia: dermocosmticos
Mapeamento e discusso dos setores acadmico, legal e produtivo
|cstc t|+b+||o sio cstuo+o+s +s otcnc|+||o+ocs o+ ^m+zon|+ +|+ o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc oc|-
mocosmct|cos uc ut|||zcm m+tc||+s-||m+s |cg|on+|s O cstuoo c+|t+nc+oo c|o CC|| |c+||-
z+ um |cv+nt+mcnto o+ c++c|o+oc |oc+| cm |oouz|| con|cc|mcnto c ocscnvo|vc| tccno|og|+s
+|o||+o+s s c+oc|+s o+ +no||ob+ co+|b+ c c+st+n|+-oo-+|+ +|s c+oc|+s |oout|v+s sio |c-
^|bc|to ^||uo+
+o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-ocz .oo,
oom|n+ntcs +s m+|s bcm cst+bc|cc|o+s n+ |cg|io |c|cscnt+noo |mo|t+ntcs |ontcs oc |cno+
+|+ g|+noc +|tc o+s comun|o+ocs |cg|on+|s
O ob,ct|vo |o| +v+||+| + v|+b|||o+oc tccn|c+ o+ |m|+nt+io oc um+ |coc oc oc|mocosmct|cos
(cosmcccut|cos) n+ ^m+zon|+ tom+noo o| b+sc + u|gcntc ncccss|o+oc oc o ||+s|| o+| |n|c|o +
+ocs conc|ct+s uc v+|o||zcm o uso o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc ^m+zon|c+ n+ gc|+io oc |ooutos com
m+|o| v+|o| +g|cg+oo
|u|+ntc o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oo t|+b+||o |o|+m |c|tos |cv+nt+mcntos oos |ccu|sos |um+nos ||-
g+oos s |nst|tu|ocs oc cns|no c csu|s+ oc t|cs |st+oos (|+|+ ^m+zon+s c ^m++) c +|no+
sob|c + c++c|o+oc tccn|c+ c c|cnt|||c+ oos ||nc|+|s g|uos |oouto|cs oc con|cc|mcnto |cs|-
ocntcs n+ ^m+zon|+ |+ out|+ ont+ os oo scto| |oout|vo |o|+m m+c+o+s +s cm|cs+s com
scoc n+ |cg|io ou o||uno+s oc out|+s +|tcs oo +|s uc ocscnvo|vcm +t|v|o+ocs cconom|c+s
||g+o+s +o |+mo oos cosmct|cos c cosmcccut|cos
|m c+|+tc| com|cmcnt+| |o| +v+||+o+ c comcnt+o+ + +tu+| |cg|s|+io oc +ccsso +o +t||mon|o
gcnct|co n+c|on+| cscc|+|mcntc com |c|+io s o|||cu|o+ocs |most+s s |nst|tu|ocs uc gc|+m
con|cc|mcnto + +|t|| oc noss+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc tcnoo como onto m+|s c||t|co + |nsc|io oo
con|cc|mcnto t|+o|c|on+| no ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc |occssos c |ooutos
|n|c|+|mcntc c+bc um+ |c||cxio sob|c oc|mocosmct|cos ou cosmcccut|cos uc sio os +|vos oos
t|+b+||os |c||n|oos como substnc|+s uc tcm |o||co+ocs t+nto oos cosmct|cos como oos
mco|c+mcntos os cosmcccut|cos ou oc|mocosmct|cos scgunoo Oct+v|o ^ugusto ||+n+ ||cs-
g|+vc
+
sio |ooutos cosmct|cos uc contcm |ng|co|cntcs b|o+t|vos com |o||co+ocs tc|+-
cut|c+s ^ oc||n|io |o| o+o+ n+ mcs+-|coono+ Cosmcccut|cos c su+ t|+,cto||+ no ||+s|| co-
o|ocn+o+ o| |||s+bctc |c|c||+ oos +ntos ||csg|+vc c|t+ como cxcm|os oc cosmcccut|cos os
+nt|t|+ns||+ntcs os ocnt||||c|os +nt|c+||cs os |||t|os so|+|cs os |ooutos +nt|cnvc||cc|mcnto c
os |ooutos com v|t+m|n+s c oc||v+oos (|^|C^ V .ooe)
|os |st+oos |n|oos + oc||n|io oc cosmct|cos cst+ no ||C ^ct oocnoo sc| cosmct|co c
o|og+ +o mcsmo tcmo como c o c+so oos x+mus +nt|c+s+ ^ ||^ nio |ccon|ccc ncn|um+
c+tcgo||+ como cosmcccut|co |m |oouto ooc sc| um mco|c+mcnto cosmct|co ou + com-
b|n+io oos oo|s O tc|mo cosmcccut|co nio tcm s|gn|||c+oo +|+ o ||^ (|^C||O| .ooe)
.

^ mc||o| m+nc||+ oc |couz|| + b|o||+t+||+ n+ ^m+zon|+ c t|+ns|o|m+| os |ccu|sos o+ b|oo|vc|-

s|o+oc cm +t|v|o+ocs cconom|c+s uc oss+m gc|+| cm|cgo c |cno+ +|+ + ou|+io |cg|o-
+ |c+|t+mcnto oc |+|m+co|og|+ c ox|co|og|+ oo |nst|tuto |+c|on+| oc Cont|o|c o+ u+||o+oc cm +uoc (|ncos;||oc|uz)
. ||||OCO|||son|vc| cm |tt;;wwwmunooco|comb|;co|cs;co|cs_cosmct|cos.|tm. ^ccsso cm +s ,+n .o+o
|coc oc |nov+io oc oc|mocosmct|cos n+ ^m+zon|+ o uso sustcnt+vc| oc su+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc
com cn|oucs +|+ +s c+oc|+s |oout|v+s o+ c+st+n|+-oo-+|+ c oos o|cos oc +no||ob+ c co+|b+
+)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-ocz .oo,
n+| ^ ||+g|||o+oc o+ cconom|+ cxt|+t|v|st+ mu|t+s vczcs un|c+ |ontc oc |cno+ oc comun|o+ocs
|oc+|s const|tu| um conv|tc b|o||+t+||+ c nio |omovc + v+|o||z+io c conscucntc consc|-
v+io oos |ccu|sos o||unoos o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc ^ c||+io oc um+ |noust||+ |oc+| comct|t|v+ sc
+|cscnt+ como um+ +|tc|n+t|v+ v|+vc| n+ busc+ oc |n|b|| + s|m|cs t|+ns|c|cnc|+ oc |ooutos c
|nsumos |oc+|s + out|+s +|tcs oo munoo
Os |ccu|sos +m+zon|cos uc +|cscnt+m m+|o| +c|o c ocm+no+ comc|c|+| no cxtc||o| sio +s
|+nt+s mco|c|n+|s c||um+||+ c |nsumos +|+ cosmct|cos |nsct|c|o+s c co|+ntcs O |ntc|cssc
g|ob+| c|+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +m+zon|c+ ||c+ cv|ocntc u+noo +n+||s+mos os numc|os +|cscnt+-
oos c|+ \o||o |ntc||cctu+| ||oc|ty O|g+n|z+t|on (\|o) |c|c|cntcs + +tcntcs |cuc||o+s o|
+|scs ocscnvo|v|oos |c|+t|v+s + |ooutos oc||v+oos oc |+nt+s o+ |cg|io con|o|mc cst+ +on-
t+oo n+ +bc|+ + + scgu||
,

1abela +. |+tcntcs oc |ooutos oc |+nt+s +m+zon|c+s |cuc||o+s cm +|scs ocscnvo|v|oos
||oouto | oc +tcntcs |+|scs
C+st+n|+-oo-+|+ . |st+oos |n|oos
^no||ob+ . ||+n+ |+io ||^ Comun|o+oc |u|oc|+
^y+|u+sc+ 1 ||^ (1-.001)
Co+|b+ ! ||+n+ ||^ \|o
Cun+n|o| . || ||^
Cuu+u o |+io |ng|+tc||+ ||^
Cu|+|c |ng|+tc||+ ||^
|s|n|c||+ s+nt+ . |+io ||
|+bo|+no| .0
|ng|+tc||+ ||^ C+n+o+ |||+no+ \|o |t+||+ |u|g+||+ |uss|+
c Co|c|+ oo u|
^m++-oocc ! |+io
||u|+ 1 |+io
|+mbu 4 |ng|+tc||+ ||^ |+io ||
+nguc oc o|+gio ||^ \|o
||| ! |ng|+no
|n|+ oc g+to o |^ |o|+no
V+c|n+ oo +o 10 \||O |^ || |++n
, \O||| ||||||C|^| ||O||| O|C^||z^|O| ||son|vc| cm wwww|o|nt;o|t+|;|nocx|tm|cn). ^ccsso cm
+s ,+n .oo+
^|bc|to ^||uo+
+s
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-ocz .oo,
||vc|s+s const+t+ocs nos c+mos oc +tcntcs c |ooutos o||unoos oc out|os +|scs cnvo|vcn-
oo o uso oc |nsumos +m+zon|cos |cv+m-nos + +ont+| + u|gcnc|+ o+ |m|cmcnt+io oc +ocs
ob,ct|v+s uc o||cc|oncm tooo o con|cc|mcnto gc|+oo +tc +go|+ c +uc|cs uc vcn|+m + sc|
gc|+oos sob|c + b|oo|vc|s|o+oc +m+zon|c+ + |ooutos comct|t|vos no mc|c+oo g|ob+|
Out|o |+to| |c|cv+ntc c o vo|umc oc con|cc|mcnto uc nosso +|s octcm sob su+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc
+|t|cu|+|mcntc sob|c + ^m+zon|+ ^o com+|+|mos o numc|o oc +most|+s botn|c+s ocos|t+-
o+s nos ||nc|+|s |c|b+||os n+c|on+|s com +uc|+s o|son|vc|s nos m+|s |mo|t+ntcs |c|b+||os oo
munoo not+mos uc nosso con|cc|mcnto cst+ s|tu+oo cm um+ |c|+io |nvc|s+mcntc |oo|c|o-
n+| + noss+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc (^|^zO||^ C| ||||V .oo,) most|+oo n+s +bc|+s . c ,
1abela :. Con|cc|mcnto |c|+t|vo o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc b|+s||c||+
|nstltulo Coleo
^|^zO||^ (|||nc|+|s |c|b+||os) 4o
|uscu |+|+cnsc |m|||o Coc|o| 1coo 14000 (.00)
|mb|++ ^m+zon|+ O||cnt+| 1! 1c0o (.00)
|nst|tuto |+c|on+| oc |csu|s+s o+ ^m+zon|+ - 14 .00000 (1c)
||^|| (|||nc|+|s |c|b+||os) 1oc000
|uscu |+c|on+| oo ||o oc |+nc||o - 1c1c 00000 (.00)
|+|o|m |otn|co oo ||o oc |+nc||o - 1c0 !!0000 (.00)
|nst|tuto oc |otn|c+ oc io |+u|o - 11 !o0000 (.00)
|n|vc|s|o+oc oc ||+s|||+ 1o1 .0c000 (.00)
|uscu |otn|co |un|c|+| oc Cu||t|b+ - 1o !00000 (.00)
|coc oc |nov+io oc oc|mocosmct|cos n+ ^m+zon|+ o uso sustcnt+vc| oc su+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc
com cn|oucs +|+ +s c+oc|+s |oout|v+s o+ c+st+n|+-oo-+|+ c oos o|cos oc +no||ob+ c co+|b+
+,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-ocz .oo,
1abela ,. Con|cc|mcnto |c|+t|vo o+ b|oo|vc|s|o+oc muno|+|
|nstltulo Coleo
Outros palses
|uscum |+t|on+| o||sto||c |+tu|c||c (||+ncc) - 1o! !c!00
wco|s| |uscum o| |+tu|+| ||sto|y (wcocn) - 1! 4100000 (.00)
|om+|ov |ot+n|c+| |nst|tutc (|cn|ng|+o) - 1c.! 000000 (.00)
|oy+| |ot+n|c C+|ocn |cw (|ng|+no) - 1c! 000000 (.00)
Colees (totals)
|st+oos |n|oos o04.1o4
||+n+ .01c!00
|ng|+tc||+ 1o4ooc
||+s|| o000000
|cst+uc-sc uc mu|tos oos +|scs c|t+oos n+ +bc|+ , +|cscnt+m b|oo|vc|s|o+oc mu|to cuc-
n+ u+noo com+|+o+ oo ||+s|| Out|o |+to| |c|cv+ntc c o mooc|o oc |oout|v|o+oc |m|+nt+oo
c|+ C+cs;||C uc +v+||+ o ooccntc csu|s+oo| o| su+ |oouio c|cnt|||c+ ^ss|m os c|cnt|st+s
b|+s||c||os usu+|mcntc ub||c+m scus t|+b+||os cm c||oo|cos oc g|+noc |m+cto cm oct||mcnto
o+ obtcnio oc +tcntcs ou o ocscnvo|v|mcnto oc csu|s+s |csgu+|o+o+s o| s|g||o
|o| out|o |+oo o ||+s|| ocst+c+-sc como um g|+noc |oouto| oc con|cc|mcntos cm +|gum+s
c+oc|+s |oout|v+s +m+zon|c+s como + o+ Co+|b+ (vc| ||gu|+ +)
50
40
30
20
10
0
Brazil USA France Panama Argentina Spain Scotland England
Os paises com mais publicaes Publicaes
|lgura +. |+|scs com m+|s ub||c+ocs sob|c Co+|b+ nos u|t|mos +o +nos
Alberto Arruda
+,o
Parc. Estrat. Braslia-DF v. n. p. - jul-dez
Quando este conhecimento passa a ser medido por patentes, especialmente aquelas voltadas
para produtos, o Brasil j no ocupa mais um lugar de destaque (Figura )
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
PCTO-WO/
Brasil
PCTO-WO Taiwan Estados
Unidos
Frana Gr-Bretanha Japo
Patentes Copaba - European Oce
Processo
Processo e Produto
Produto
Processo - Condensao
de Produtos
Equipamento/ Uso de Frmaco
Melhoramento de Processo
Melhoramento de Produto
|lgura :. Patentes de Copaba depositadas em Escritrio Europeu
A situao se agrava ao analisarmos os dados apresentados na Figura , onde o Brasil no apresen-
ta nenhuma patente referente a produtos que tem por base ou em sua composio, a copaba.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Dinamarca Estados Unidos Frana Canad Japo
Patentes Copaba - US Patentes
Figura : Patentes de Copaba depositadas em Escritrio Americano
|cdc dc |nov+io dc dc|mocosmct|cos n+ ^m+zon|+ o uso sustcnt+vc| dc su+ b|od|vc|s|d+dc
com cn|oucs +|+ +s c+dc|+s |odut|v+s d+ c+st+n|+-do-+|+ c dos o|cos dc +nd||ob+ c co+|b+
+,+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
|+d+ + csc+ss+ +t|v|d+dc |ndust||+| c |nc||cntc |occsso dc |nov+io tccno|og|c+ +s un|vc|s|-
d+dcs c os |nst|tutos dc csu|s+ ub||cos c cm +|guns c+sos ||v+dos tcndcm + +ssum|| + ||dc-
|+n+ n+ con|o|m+io d+s |cdcs dc con|cc|mcnto tom+ndo + |n|c|+t|v+ dc sc +ssoc|+| + out|os
+to|cs |nst|tuc|on+|s d+ mcsm+ cs|c|+ dc +t|v|d+dc ou d+s out|+s du+s cs|c|+s o|g+n|smos dc
govc|no |nst|tu|ocs do tc|cc||o scto| +ssoc|+io dc cm|cs+||os c |oduto|cs
^ |ndust||+ dc cosmct|cos c um+ d+s uc m+|s c|cscc no mundo o|uc c+d+ vcz m+|s +s cs-
so+s cstio sc |cocu+ndo com + ++|cnc|+ Cons|dc|+do um dos scto|cs |ndust||+|s com m+|o|
c|csc|mcnto no +|s o mc|c+do b|+s||c||o dc cosmct|cos cncc||ou .oo, com |+tu|+mcnto ||u|-
do dc |, +,| b|||ocs |ssc s+|do os|t|vo tcm um o| uc
|os u|t|mos c|nco +nos o c|csc|mcnto mcd|o dc||+c|on+do d+ |ndust||+ dc cosmct|cos c|cgou
+ +o;/ c so cm .oo, o scto| +|cscntou +umcnto n+s vcnd+s d+ o|dcm dc +,s/ sob|c o +no
+ntc||o| scgundo + ^ssoc|+io ||+s||c||+ d+ |ndust||+ dc ||g|cnc |csso+| |c||um+||+ c Cosmct|-
cos (^b||cc) |sscs |nd|ccs co|oc+m o ||+s|| cnt|c os c|nco m+|o|cs do mundo
^ |cv|sio d+ ^b||cc como nio odc||+ sc| d||c|cntc c ot|m|st+ ^ cnt|d+dc csc|+ cont|nu+|
no mcsmo ||tmo com t+x+s dc c|csc|mcnto n+ c+s+ dos do|s d|g|tos c|os |ox|mos +nos |ssc
+v+no csc|+do nio c o| +c+so ^ |ndust||+ |nvcstc o| +no |, ,oo m|||ocs cm mcd|+ +|+
sc m+ntc| +tu+||z+d+ c o|c|ccc| |odutos dc +|t+ tccno|og|+ |ss+ ostu|+ |c||ctc + +sccnsio do
consumo dc cosmct|cos no +|s |io |mo|t+ + c|+ssc soc|+| ou o scxo o cu|to c|o bc|o cst+
d|sscm|n+do cm todos os t|os dc ub||co O b|+s||c||o dc |o|m+ gc|+| cst+ |ntc|css+do cm +d-
u|||| |odutos uc |omctcm bc|cz+ c ,ov|+||d+dc
|c +co|do com os |ognost|cos d+ consu|to|+ d+ |+cto|;C|ou |+t+||+ ot+|c||| |o|c||| cnt|c +s
tcndcnc|+s dc mc|c+do dcst+c+-sc + m+|o| |ocu|+ o| cosmct|cos vo|t+dos +|+ os cu|d+dos
com + c|c sob|ctudo os c|+m+dos +nt|-+g|ng |o|mu|+ocs dcscnvo|v|d+s +|+ |ct+|d+| os c|c|-
tos d+ |d+dc |c|cscnt+m um dos scgmcntos m+|s |om|sso|cs scgundo |cv|sio dos cscc|+-
||st+s do scto| ^ |omcss+ d+ ctc|n+ ,uvcntudc scm + ncccss|d+dc dc |ntc|vcnocs c||u|g|c+s
+||mcnt+ +s vcnd+s dcsscs |odutos c cndoss+ cxcct+t|v+s ot|m|st+s |ss+ c+tcgo||+ dc |oduto
c um dos cxocntcs d+ c|+m+d+ cosmcccut|c+ ou dc|mocosmct|c+ (+ |usio cnt|c +s |ndust||+s
|+|m+ccut|c+ c + cosmct|c+)
O mc|c+do |cvc +|nd+ o consumo c|csccntc dc cosmct|cos d||cc|on+dos +o ub||co m+scu||no
Consc|cntcs dos bcnc||c|os d+ bo+ ++|cnc|+ sob|ctudo cm |unio d+s +tu+|s cx|gcnc|+s do mc|-
c+do dc t|+b+||o os |omcns tcm dc|x+do o |cconcc|to dc |+do c cngo|d+do +s vcnd+s do scto|
|ss+ const+t+io sc vc||||c+ n+s csu|s+s cgundo + ^b||cc |+ dcz +nos cm um g|uo dc ccm
|omcns +cn+s um dc|cs consum|+ |odutos cosmct|cos |o,c css+ |oo|io c dc dcz +|+ um
^|bc|to ^||ud+
+,:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
O scxo |cm|n|no t+mbcm co|+bo|ou +|+ o +umcnto d+ dcm+nd+ do scto| Com + conso||d+io
d+s mu||c|cs no mc|c+do dc t|+b+||o + |ndust||+ dc cosmct|cos c|csccu ^|cm do |+to dc uc
+o s+|| dc c+s+ c|+s +ss+|+m + sc |cocu+| m+|s com + ++|cnc|+ c +du||||+m m+|s |ndccn-
dcnc|+ ||n+ncc||+ +|+ com|+| os m+|s v+||+dos |odutos dc bc|cz+ Out|o c|||| dc consum|do-
|cs +v|dos o| cosmct|cos c o dc +do|csccntcs |cn|nos c mcn|n+s |o,c cu|tu+m + bc|cz+ como
sc +du|tos |osscm (|||^^ | .ooe)
|

2. Aspectos tcnicos e cientcos
O t|+b+||o |o| |n|c|+do com + busc+ dc |n|o|m+ocs do otcnc|+| tccn|co;c|cnt|||co |cg|on+| o|
mc|o d+ |dcnt|||c+io dc csu|s+s c;ou |odutos cx|stcntcs |c|+c|on+dos + cosmct|cos ou s|m|-
|+|cs d+ +v+||+io do otcnc|+| d+ c++c|d+dc ||s|c+ c |nst|umcnt+| |nst+|+d+ n+s |nst|tu|ocs c
+|nd+ c|+ |dcnt|||c+io dc ||dc|+n+s c|cnt|||c+s c tccno|og|c+s
O |cv+nt+mcnto |o| |c+||z+do n+s ||nc|+|s |nst|tu|ocs dc cns|no c csu|s+ scd|+d+s nos |st+-
dos do ^m+zon+s ^m++ c |+|+ |o|+m v|s|t+dos o Ccnt|o dc ||otccno|og|+ d+ ^m+zon|+ (C|^)
+ |mb|++ ^m+zon|+ O||cnt+| o |nst|tuto dc |csu|s+s C|cnt|||c+s c ccno|og|c+s do |st+do do
^m++ (|c+) o |nst|tuto |+c|on+| dc |csu|s+s d+ ^m+zon|+ (|n+) o |uscu |+|+cnsc |m|||o
Coc|d| (|||C) + |n|vc|s|d+dc |cdc|+| do ^m++ (|n||+) + |n|vc|s|d+dc |cdc|+| do ^m+zon+s
(||+m) + |n|vc|s|d+dc |cdc|+| do |+|+ (|||^) c + |n|vc|s|d+dc |cdc|+| |u|+| d+ ^m+zon|+ (|||+)
|nt|c tod+s +s |nst|tu|ocs |cv+nt+d+s o C|^ c + uc +|cscnt+ mc||o|cs cond|ocs tccn|c+s
+||+d+s + um u+d|o c|cnt|||co dc ||mc||+ ||n|+ ^ |nst|tu|io odc dcscnvo|vc| cstudos com|c-
tos uc cnvo|vcm + co|ct+ dc m+tc||+| botn|co +tc + c|+bo|+io do |oduto ||n+| +ss+ndo o|
tod+s +s ct++s |cuc||d+s +|+ + |oduio dc dc|mocosmct|cos ^|cm d+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s c|t+-
d+s o Ccnt|o +|cscnt+ cond|ocs cst|utu|+|s c |+bo|+to||+|s com+|+vc|s s mc||o|cs do +|s
|o| out|o |+do + |mb|++ ^m+zon|+ O||cnt+| dcst+c+-sc como um+ |nst|tu|io uc ,+ +tu+ n+
+|c+ dc dc|mocosmct|cos |nc|us|vc com u+t|o |odutos comc|c|+||z+dos Os csu|s+do|cs c
tccn|cos ossucm |+|g+ cxc||cnc|+ n+ +|c+ ^ |mb|++ ossu| cxc||cnc|+s com o scto| |odu-
t|vo o uc |+c|||t+ o dcscnvo|v|mcnto dc |odutos comc|c|+|s cm +|cc||+s
|+ o |||^ sc +|cscnt+ como + m+|s |mo|t+ntc |nst|tu|io c|cnt|||c+ do |st+do do ^m++ |cs-
mo +|nd+ dctcndo um u+d|o |cduz|do dc csso+| c|cnt|||co c tccn|co cscc|+|mcntc u+nto +o
numc|o c u+||||c+io ,+ most|+ |csu|t+dos |c|cv+ntcs n+ +|c+ dc |ntc|cssc
| ||||OCO| ||son|vc| cm |tt;;wwwmundoco|comb|;co|cs;co|cs_cosmct|cos.|tm. ^ccsso cm +s ,+n .oo,
|cdc dc |nov+io dc dc|mocosmct|cos n+ ^m+zon|+ o uso sustcnt+vc| dc su+ b|od|vc|s|d+dc
com cn|oucs +|+ +s c+dc|+s |odut|v+s d+ c+st+n|+-do-+|+ c dos o|cos dc +nd||ob+ c co+|b+
+,,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
|o| su+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s c t|+d|io cm csu|s+s o |nst|tuto |+c|on+| dc |csu|s+s d+
^m+zon|+ t|+d|io c +|tc |und+mcnt+| n+ const|uio dc um+ |cdc dc csu|s+s cm
dc|mocosmct|cos
O |uscu |+|+cnsc |m|||o Coc|d| os|c|on+-sc como um+ d+s m+|s concc|tu+d+s |nst|tu|ocs dc
csu|s+ d+ |cg|io Con|cc|d+ n+c|on+| c |ntc|n+c|on+|mcntc cscc|+|mcntc n+s +|c+s dc bot-
n|c+ c zoo|og|+ c |nst|tu|io c|cdcnc|+d+ ,unto +o ||^;||^|^;CC|| como ||c| dcos|t+||o
dc +most|+s botn|c+s |ossu| um co|o dc csu|s+do|cs dc +|to n|vc| c com mu|t+ cxc||cnc|+
|o| sc| um+ |nst|tu|io mu|to ,ovcm + |n||+ +|nd+ |cuc| |nvcst|mcntos cons|dc|+vc|s +|+
sc conso||d+| ||nc|+|mcntc n+ +|c+ d+ csu|s+ |st+ c|+|+mcntc cm |+sc dc conso||d+io
cscc|+|mcntc no uc sc |c|c|c +os u+d|os c|cnt|||co c tccn|co c scus |nvcst|mcntos cstio
vo|t+dos +|+ + u+||||c+io dc || ^ |nst|tu|io +|nd+ nio +|cscnt+ csu|s+s conso||d+d+s
n+ +|c+ dc dc|mocosmct|cos
^ |n|vc|s|d+dc |cdc|+| do ^m+zon+s cncont|+-sc cm |+sc dc cx+nsio c u+||||c+io dc scu
u+d|o doccntc c vcm +du|||ndo novos cu|+mcntos uc dcvc|io |mu|s|on+| + u+||d+dc
dc su+s csu|s+s |+ +|cscnt+ comctcnc|+s dcnt|o do tcm+ c c um otcnc|+| +|cc||o +|+ +
comos|io d+ |cdc ^m+zon|c+ dc |c|mocosmct|cos ^ ||+m tcm g|+ndc otcnc|+| tccn|co
c c|cnt|||co c ,+ dcscnvo|vc csu|s+s dc +|to n|vc| |m +|cc||+ com o |n+ c o C|^ vcm |c+||-
z+ndo t|+b+||os |c|cv+ntcs +|+ + |cg|io busc+ndo + v+|o||z+io d+s c+dc|+s |odut|v+s |oc+|s
|cst+uc +|+ + |n|vc|s|d+dc |cdc|+| do |+|+ uc tcm o m+|o| cont|ngcntc |um+no dc +|t+
u+||||c+io n+ |cg|io ^m+zon|c+ | d+s |nst|tu|ocs csu|s+d+s + uc +|cscnt+ m+|o| dcns|-
d+dc c|cnt|||c+ c tccn|c+ c + uc ossu| m+|o| cxc||cnc|+ dc |ntc|+ocs com o scto| |odut|vo
+|cm dc dctc| um g|+ndc +|uc dc cu|+mcntos c|cnt|||cos
|o| sc| um+ un|vc|s|d+dc d||cc|on+d+ + +|c+ dc C|cnc|+s ^g|+||+s + |cdc|+| |u|+| d+ ^m+zon|+
+|cscnt+ cstudos mu|to ontu+|s c cont||bu| com o con|cc|mcnto |cg|on+| dcscnvo|vcndo +t|-
v|d+dcs ||g+d+s + cu|t|vo c m+nc,o dc cscc|cs botn|c+s dc |ntc|cssc
O |cv+nt+mcnto dos d+dos n+s |nst|tu|ocs dc cns|no c csu|s+ sc|+ +|cscnt+do + scgu|| n+
|o|m+ dc t+bc|+s c g|+||cos ^ +bc|+ | c + ||gu|+ | cx|bcm + s|tu+io dos |ccu|sos |um+nos
|o|+m cons|dc|+dos os sc|v|do|cs uc tcn|+m ||g+io d||ct+ com tcm+ ou sc,+ +uc|cs uc dc-
scnvo|vcm +t|v|d+dcs c|cnt|||c+s ou tccn|c+s uc |cvcm + cstudos ou |odutos cosmct|cos ou
s|m||+|cs n+s t|cs c+dc|+s dc |ntc|cssc
^|bc|to ^||ud+
+,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
1abela . |ccu|sos |um+nos o| |nst|tu|io
|nst|tu|io |outo|cs |cst|cs C|+d;|s ccn|cos ot+|
C|^ !! 1o c1 1c
|^O 104 .o - !4o 44
|c+ 0 !1 1o 1 ...
|n+ 1o1 c - ! c!
|||C o0 40 c .!
|n||+ !1 oc 14 !0
||+m .1c !44 .04 |io |n| oo
|||^ c! 1! c0 .!0 4c4o
|||+ c! oo 1. 44 o0c
O^| 14. 11 1.01 4.0c
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
CBA EAO IEPA INPA MPEG UNIFAP UFAM UFPA UFRA
Doutores
Mestres
Grad./Esp.
|lgura . |ccu|sos |um+nos o| |nst|tu|io
Out|+ +n+||sc |mo|t+ntc c + do cont|ngcntc dc |ccu|sos |um+nos o| |st+do ^ +bc|+ , c +
||gu|+ , + scgu|| dcmonst|+m uc o |st+do do |+|+ dctcm o m+|o| numc|o dc douto|cs csc-
c|+|mcntc n+ |||^
Rede de inovao de dermocosmticos na Amaznia: o uso sustentvel de sua biodiversidade
com enfoques para as cadeias produtivas da castanha-do-par e dos leos de andirba e copaba
+,,
Parc. Estrat. Braslia-DF v. n. p. - jul-dez
1abela ,. Recursos humanos qualicados - Total por Estado
Instituio Doutores Mestres Grad./Esp.
Amap 40 99 83
Amazonas 412 447 261
Par 1.030 1.045 847
Amazonas Par Amap
Doutores
Mestres
Grad./Esp.
|lgura ,. Recursos humanos qualicados por estado
A anlise dos dados sob a tica da rea de dermocosmticos nos leva a considerar que um n-
mero expressivo de profissionais est qualificado para o desenvolvimento de processos e pro-
dutos ligados ao tema. Os dados compilados esto disponibilizados na Tabela e na Figura .
Alberto Arruda
+,o
Parc. Estrat. Braslia-DF v. n. p. - jul-dez
1abela o. RH dentro das reas de abrangncia de dermocosmticos
Instituio Doutores Mestres Grad./Esp. Total
CBA 07 01 - 08
EAO 05 01 - 06
IEPA 01 07 06 14
INPA 02 01 - 03
MPEG 07 02 09
UNIFAP 02 01 01 04
UFAM 06 - - 06
UFPA 09 10 10 29
UFRA 01 01 02
TOTAL 40 24 17
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
CBA EAO IEPA INPA MPEG UNIFAP UFAM UFPA UFRA
Doutores
Mestres
Grad./Esp.
|lgura o. Recursos humanos em dermocosmticos por instituio
A Tabela mostra o parque de equipamentos instalados e em operao na Regio. Nesse
ponto, importante ressaltar que a maioria das instituies, exceto o CBA, possui graves
problemas de manuteno e operao de equipamentos, especialmente os de grande porte,
que requerem operadores dedicados e um volume considervel de recursos financeiros para
mant-los em funcionamento.
|cdc dc |nov+io dc dc|mocosmct|cos n+ ^m+zon|+ o uso sustcnt+vc| dc su+ b|od|vc|s|d+dc
com cn|oucs +|+ +s c+dc|+s |odut|v+s d+ c+st+n|+-do-+|+ c dos o|cos dc +nd||ob+ c co+|b+
+,)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
|o| su+ vcz +s +bc|+s ; c s most|+m + otcnc|+||d+dc dc |odutos |ontos c no mc|c+do c os
uc odcm sc| dcscnvo|v|dos + +|t|| dc cstudos ,+ conc|u|dos ou cm +nd+mcnto |cstc onto
dcst+uc +|+ + |mb|++ c +|+ + |||^ uc con|||m+m su+s cxc||cnc|+s no dcscnvo|v|mcnto
dc |odutos v+|o||z+ndo + b|od|vc|s|d+dc +m+zon|c+
1abela ). |u|+mcntos
|nstltulo
Lqulpamentos llgados ao tema
Crande porte Medlo porte equeno porte
C|^ 0 0c .
|mb|++-|^ 0. 04 01
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1abela s. ||odutos
Lqulpamentos llgados ao tema
|nstltulo rodutos llgados ao tema
||son|vc|s |otcnc|+|s
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O^| o 40
^|bc|to ^||ud+
+,s
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
Com |c|+io |n||+cst|utu|+ ||s|c+ ||c+ cv|dcntc uc +s |nst|tu|ocs ,+ d|socm dc |+bo|+to-
||os |m|cmcnt+dos c cm oc|+io (vc| +bc|+ ,) |cssc |tcm o dcst+uc ||c+ o| cont+ do
Ccnt|o dc ||otccno|og|+ d+ ^m+zon|+ (C|^) uc d|soc dc ., |+bo|+to||os |nst+|+dos cm
+.ooo m. dc +|c+
1abela ,. |n||+cst|utu|+ |nst|tuc|on+| +dcu+d+ +|c+ dc dc|mocosmct|cos
|nstltulo Laboratorlos
C|^ .
|^O 1.
|c+ .1
|n+ 01
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|n||+ 0
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|||^ 11
|||+ 0
3. Aspectos ligados aos insumos das atividades das cadeias
produtivas
Ob,ct|v+ndo +v+||+| o g|+u dc con|cc|mcnto c o|g+n|z+io dos t|cs |st+dos +m+zon|cos csu|-
s+dos |o|+m |c+||z+d+s v|s|t+s s |cscct|v+s cc|ct+||+s dc c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ busc+ndo cst|-
m+| + c++c|d+dc |oc+| dc |oduio dc m+tc||+-||m+ c + c++c|d+dc tccn|c+ dc domcst|c+io
d+s cscc|cs +|vo
cgundo |n|o|m+ocs |cv+nt+d+s n+ cc|ct+||+ |st+du+| dc C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ do |st+do do
^m++ (ctcc) cm |cun|io dc t|+b+||o com o |o|csso| ^||stotc|cs V|+n+ |c|n+ndcs scc|ct+||o
dc C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ o |st+do nio ossu| |n|o|m+ocs o|g+n|z+d+s c conso||d+d+s sob|c +s
c+dc|+s |odut|v+s ||g+d+s + tcm+s |c|+c|on+dos + dc|mocosmct|cos O scc|ct+||o |n|o|mou uc
tod+s +s +ocs ncssc scnt|do sio |c+||z+d+s c|o |c+ do |st+do do ^m++
^ c+dc||+ |odut|v+ dos o|cos vcgct+|s ||xos no ^m+zon+s nos u|t|mos u+t|o +nos vc|o o|c|t+|
s ou|+ocs ||bc|||n|+s +|tc|n+t|v+s subst+nc|+|s n+ gc|+io dc |cnd+ |m .oo. + un|c+ us|n+
dc cxt|+io dc o|cos cx|stcntc no |st+do cst+v+ |oc+||z+d+ no mun|c||o dc C+|+u+|| n+ |cscx
do |cd|o |u|u+ ^ +|t|| d+ +tu+io d+ ^||o|+m css+ |n|c|+t|v+ |o| +m||+d+ com + c||+io dc
|cdc dc |nov+io dc dc|mocosmct|cos n+ ^m+zon|+ o uso sustcnt+vc| dc su+ b|od|vc|s|d+dc
com cn|oucs +|+ +s c+dc|+s |odut|v+s d+ c+st+n|+-do-+|+ c dos o|cos dc +nd||ob+ c co+|b+
+,,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
nov+s us|n+s dc cxt|+io dc o|cos vcgct+|s +|cm dc +o|o n+ |oduio c comc|c|+||z+io dcsscs
|odutos |o| mc|o dc +|cc||+s |o| oss|vc| v|+b|||z+| + |m|+nt+io dc out|+s us|n+s n+ ||
dc |+m||+u+ cm +b+t|ng+ n+ Comun|d+dc |nd|gcn+ +nt+ |os+ cm |+b|c+ +|+ + ^ssoc|+io
Co|on|+ do +|d|n|+ c cm ||cs|dcntc ||guc||cdo +|+ + Comun|d+dc +nto ^nton|o do ^bon+||
|m |+sc dc ||c|t+io cstio m+|s du+s + sc|cm |m|+nt+d+s cm |t+m+|+t| c |u|u+ |m .ooe + +t|-
v|d+dc dc cxt|+io dc o|cos vcgct+|s +b|+ngcu ++ mun|c||os bcnc||c|+ndo +os. |+m|||+s com
|oduio cm to|no dc ,; tonc|+d+s
^ +tu+io d+ ^||o|+m dcu-sc d||ct+mcntc no |omcnto cxt|+io dc o|cos d+s cscc|cs +nd||ob+
(C+|++ gu|+ncns|s) bu||t| (|+u||t|+ ||cxuos+) mu|umu|u (^st|oc+|yum u|c|) co+|b+ (Co+||c|+
s) |ss+s cscc|cs sio comumcntc ut|||z+d+s c|+s ou|+ocs t|+d|c|on+|s d+ ^m+zon|+ ||nc|+|-
mcntc como |odutos ||to|+|m+ccut|cos scndo o o|co d+ co+|b+ cm|cg+do como +nt||n||+m+-
to||o o o|co dc +nd||ob+ +|+ comb+tc s |n|ccocs |cs||+to||+s d|+bctcs |cum+t|smo dc|m+t|tcs
u|cc|+s +|cm dc tc| |o||cd+dcs c|c+t||z+ntcs c + m+ntc|g+ dc mu|umu|u c ut|||z+d+ como b+sc
dc s+bonctcs c |otcto|cs so|+|cs +|cm dc d|vc|sos out|os cosmct|cos O o|co dc bu||t| c um+ |m-
o|t+ntc |ontc dc v|t+m|n+s |otc|n+s c cnc|g|+ +|+ +s ou|+ocs ||bc|||n|+s
|nt|ct+nto |+ mu|t+s d|||cu|d+dcs +|+ + comc|c|+||z+io dcsscs |odutos no mc|c+do |o|m+|
como |odutos ||to|+|m+ccut|cos c cosmct|cos dcv|do ||nc|+|mcntc s |cst||ocs s+n|t+||+s
|most+s c|os o|gios |cgu|+do|cs dc s+udc como + ^nv|s+ Out|o |+to| dc |mcd|mcnto +o
dcscnvo|v|mcnto d+ c+dc|+ |odut|v+ dos o|cos c + b+|x+ u+nt|d+dc dc m+tc||+-||m+ ut|||z+d+
n+s |o|mu|+ocs cosmct|c+s d+s g|+ndcs |ndust||+s consum|do|+s c + cx|gcnc|+ dc um +|to +-
d|io dc u+||d+dc do |oduto ||m+||o
O |st+do do ^m+zon+s c scm duv|d+ o m+|s bcm o|g+n|z+do cnt|c os t|cs cst+dos csu|-
s+dos dctcndo o m+|o| con|cc|mcnto d+s t|cs c+dc|+s |odut|v+s (+nd||ob+ co+|b+ c c+s-
t+n|+-do-+|+) |c+||z+ndo cons|dc|+vc|s |nvcst|mcntos cm +||mo|+mcnto c u+||||c+io dc
|ccu|sos |um+nos c |m|+nt+ndo cucn+s us|n+s +s u+|s vcm |cv+ndo + cons|dc|+vc| mc-
||o||+ dos |nsumos
O govc|no do |st+do do |+|+ |n|o|mou uc nio ossu| d+dos conso||d+dos c +tu+||z+dos sob|c
+s c+dc|+s |odut|v+s dc |ntc|cssc ^ +g|o|ndust||+ no |st+do c vo|t+d+ m+|s +|+ ||ut|cu|tu|+ c
+|+ out|+s cscc|cs +||mcnt|c|+s como + m+nd|oc+ o| cxcm|o |+ cstudos d|sc|sos sob|c +s
cscc|cs mcd|c|n+|s o|c+g|nos+s c +|om+t|c+s
|csmo d|+ntc dcssc u+d|o cstc |st+do c o uc dctcm o m+|o| numc|o dc cm|cs+s |nst+|+d+s
no |+mo dc cosmct|cos |nc|u|ndo du+s dc g|+ndc o|tc + |+tu|+ c + |c|+c+ cgundo |cv+n-
t+mcnto +|gum+s c+|+ctc||st|c+s +|cscnt+d+s c|o |+|+ t+|s como m+|o| |+c|||d+dc dc |og|st|c+
^|bc|to ^||ud+
+oo
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
dcv|do + dcs|oc+mcnto |odov|+||o c + |cscn+ dc comun|d+dcs |oduto|+s dc m+tc||+ ||m+
o|g+n|z+d+s c +tu+ntcs
4. Aspectos legais
|+|+ |oduz|| con|cc|mcnto + +|t|| d+ b|od|vc|s|d+dc c ncccss+||o o +ccsso +o |+t||mon|o
Ccnct|co |+c|on+| ^ |cg|s|+io cm v|go| +|+ tc| cssc +ccsso c +|+ + |c+|t|io dc |cnc||c|os
cm c+so dc cst+|cm cnvo|v|dos con|cc|mcntos t|+d|c|on+|s c |cg|d+ c|o |c+|t+mcnto do
|+t||mon|o Ccnct|co do ||n|stc||o do |c|o ^mb|cntc ^ |cg|s|+io cm v|go| c + |cd|d+ ||ov|-
so||+ .+se-+e dc ., dc +gosto dc .oo+ +| || vcm |cccbcndo scvc|+s c||t|c+s d+ comun|d+dc
c|cnt|||c+ b|+s||c||+ o| cntcndc| uc c cxt|cm+mcntc o||c|+|csc+ c bu|oc|+t|c+ c vcm c||+ndo
sc||os cnt|+vcs +o dcscnvo|v|mcnto d+s csu|s+s cm +|t|cu|+| u+ndo sc +ssoc|+m +o con|c-
c|mcnto t|+d|c|on+|
^tc + Convcnio sob|c ||vc|s|d+dc ||o|og|c+ (C||) cnt|+| cm v|go| os |ccu|sos gcnct|cos c|+m
cons|dc|+dos como +t||mon|o d+ |um+n|d+dc odcndo sc| +ccss+dos ||v|cmcntc
|o ||+s|| +|s mcmb|o d+ C|| dcsdc +,,| + ||mc||+ |oost+ +|+ |cgu|+mcnt+| o +ccsso +os
|ccu|sos gcnct|cos d+t+ dc +,,, |n|c|+t|v+ uc +|t|u d+ cntio scn+do|+ |+||n+ ||v+ o| mc|o
dc um |o,cto dc |c| |ssc |o,cto |o| dcb+t|do cm v+||os |o|os subs|d|ou c +|nd+ tcm subs|d|+do
+ |cgu|+mcnt+io d+ m+tc||+ n+c|on+| c |ntc|n+c|on+|mcntc |m +,,s c|c |o| +|ov+d+ no cn+-
do n+ |o|m+ do subst|tut|vo do cn+do| Osm+| ||+s
|o mcsmo +no do|s out|os ||o,ctos dc |c| |o|+m +|cscnt+dos um do cntio dcut+do |+cucs
\+gnc| (|;|^) c o scgundo dc +uto||+ do cxccut|vo |cdc|+| +com+n|+do o| um+ ||oost+
dc |mcnd+ Const|tuc|on+| (||C) e+s^;,s uc |nc|u| no |o| dc bcns d+ |n|io o |+t||mon|o Cc-
nct|co ||+s||c||o |m dcco||cnc|+ + cx|o|+io do +t||mon|o gcnct|co +ss+ + dccndc| como
os |ccu|sos m|nc|+|s dc conccssio d+ |n|io
|m ,un|o dc .ooo d|+ntc dc not|c|+s sob|c um cont|+to cnt|c + |ov+|t|s c + ||o+m+zon|+ o
govc|no |cdc|+| cd|tou um+ |cd|d+ ||ov|so||+ +|+ |cgu|+mcnt+| + m+tc||+ |st+ || |o| scn-
do |ccd|t+d+ c mod|||c+d+ +tc + || n .+se-+e dc ., dc +gosto dc .oo+ u+ndo |o| +|ov+-
d+ + |mcnd+ Const|tuc|on+| +|tc|+ndo o |cg|mc d+s ||s ^ || .+se-+e cst+bc|ccc no|m+s
|cg+|s +|+ |cgu|+| o +ccsso +os |ccu|sos gcnct|cos c con|cc|mcnto t|+d|c|on+| +ssoc|+do no
tc|||to||o b|+s||c||o
^ +|t|| d+ vc|sio +tu+| d+ |cd|d+ ||ov|so||+ uc c + dc n .+se-+e dc .oo+ |cgu|+mcnt+d+
c|o |cc|cto n ,,|, dc .oo+ (mod|||c+do c|o |cc|cto n |,|e;o,) o +ccsso c + |cmcss+ do
|cdc dc |nov+io dc dc|mocosmct|cos n+ ^m+zon|+ o uso sustcnt+vc| dc su+ b|od|vc|s|d+dc
com cn|oucs +|+ +s c+dc|+s |odut|v+s d+ c+st+n|+-do-+|+ c dos o|cos dc +nd||ob+ c co+|b+
+o+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
+t||mon|o gcnct|co bcm como o +ccsso +o Con|cc|mcnto |+d|c|on+| ^ssoc|+do cx|stcntc no
+|s +ssou + dccndc| dc +uto||z+io do Consc||o dc Ccstio do |+t||mon|o Ccnct|co ||c+ndo
su,c|to |c+|t|io dc bcnc||c|os nos tc|mos c n+s cond|ocs |cg+|mcntc cst+bc|cc|dos |csc|-
vou-sc o |ntc|cmb|o c + d||usio dc comoncntc do +t||mon|o gcnct|co c do con|cc|mcnto
t|+d|c|on+| +ssoc|+do |+t|c+do cnt|c +s comun|d+dcs |nd|gcn+s c cnt|c +s comun|d+dcs |oc+|s
dcsdc uc cm scu |o||o bcnc||c|o c b+sc+dos n+ |+t|c+ costumc||+ |st+ |cg|s|+io nio sc +||-
c+ +o +t||mon|o gcnct|co |um+no
Com o c|cdcnc|+mcnto do |b+m+ +|+ + cm|ssio dc +uto||z+ocs dc +ccsso +o +t||mon|o gc-
nct|co +|+ csu|s+ c|cnt|||c+ con|o|mc |c||bc|+io n |o do CC|| cstc o|gio +ssou + dc||-
bc|+| sob|c |occssos uc cnvo|vcm +ccsso +o +t||mon|o gcnct|co +|+ ||ns dc b|o|osccio
c dcscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co +ccsso +o con|cc|mcnto t|+d|c|on+| +ssoc|+do +|+ u+|suc|
||n+||d+dc c c|cdcnc|+mcnto dc |nst|tu|io ||c| dcos|t+||+
O CC|| o|gio dc c+|+tc| dc||bc|+t|vo c no|m+t|vo c||+do c|+ || .+se-+e no mb|to do
||n|stc||o do |c|o ^mb|cntc c |ntcg|+do o| |c|cscnt+ntcs dc d|vc|sos m|n|stc||os como
o do |c|o ^mb|cntc d+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ d+ +udc d+ |ust|+ d+ ^g||cu|tu|+ |ccu+||+ c
^b+stcc|mcnto d+ |c|cs+ d+ Cu|tu|+ d+s |c|+ocs |xtc||o|cs do |cscnvo|v|mcnto |ndust||+ c
Comc|c|o |xtc||o| o| o|gios c cnt|d+dcs d+ ^dm|n|st|+io |ub||c+ |cdc|+| como o |b+m+ o
|nst|tuto dc |csu|s+ |+|d|m |otn|co do ||o dc |+nc||o o C|| o |n+ o |||C + |mb|++ +
||oc|uz + |un+| o |n| + |und+io Cu|tu|+| |+|m+|cs com d||c|to + voto c |c|cscnt+ntcs d+ so-
c|cd+dc c|v|| com d||c|to + voz como + oc|cd+dc ||+s||c||+ +|+ o ||og|csso d+ C|cnc|+ (||C) +
^ssoc|+io ||+s||c||+ dc O|g+n|z+ocs |io Covc|n+mcnt+|s (^bong) + ^ssoc|+io ||+s||c||+ d+s
|m|cs+s dc ||otccno|og|+ (^b|+b|) o Consc||o |m|cs+||+| ||+s||c||o +|+ o |cscnvo|v|mcnto
ustcnt+vc| (Ccbds) + Com|ssio |+c|on+| dc ^|t|cu|+io d+s Comun|d+dcs |cg|+s |u|+|s c u|-
|ombo|+s o Consc||o |+c|on+| dc c||nguc||os (C|) + Coo|dcn+io d+s O|g+n|z+ocs |nd|gc-
n+s d+ ^m+zon|+ (Co|+b) c o ||n|stc||o |ub||co
O CC|| c |cs|d|do c|o ||n|stc||o do |c|o ^mb|cntc |c|cscnt+do c|o scc|ct+||o dc ||od|-
vc|s|d+dc c ||o|cst+s c |cunc o|d|n+||+mcntc um+ vcz o| mcs |c|c|cnc|+|mcntc cm ||+s|||+
(||) O |c+|t+mcnto dc |+t||mon|o Ccnct|co (||C) d+ cc|ct+||+ dc ||od|vc|s|d+dc c ||o|cs-
t+s (||) cxc|cc + |unio dc cc|ct+||+ |xccut|v+ do CC||
O CC|| ossu| c|nco cm+|+s tcm+t|c+s dc c+|+tc| tccn|co uc subs|d|+m +s d|scussocs do
Consc||o io c|+s |occd|mcntos +dm|n|st|+t|vos con|cc|mcnto t|+d|c|on+| +ssoc|+do |c+|-
t|io dc bcnc||c|os +t||mon|o gcnct|co m+nt|do cm cond|ocs cx s|tu +ccsso tccno|og|+ c
t|+ns|c|cnc|+ dc tccno|og|+ (|n+t|v+)
^|bc|to ^||ud+
+o:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
|o mb|to do scto| |odut|vo os +scctos |cg+|s uc |cgcm + |oduio dc cosmct|cos sio |c-
g|dos c|+ ^gcnc|+ |+c|on+| dc V|g||nc|+ +n|t+||+ (^nv|s+) ^ +gcnc|+ c |csons+vc| c|+ |cgu|+-
mcnt+io dc||n|io c + c|+ss|||c+io dc |odutos dc ||g|cnc csso+| cosmct|cos c c||umcs +s-
s|m como c|os |cu|s|tos tccn|cos cscc|||cos c os |cu|s|tos +|+ + |otu|+gcm dcstcs |odutos
io cons|dc|+dos c|+ ^nv|s+ como |odutos dc ||g|cnc csso+| os cosmct|cos c c||umcs
+s |c+|+ocs const|tu|d+s o| substnc|+s n+tu|+|s ou s|ntct|c+s dc uso cxtc|no n+s d|vc|s+s
+|tcs do co|o |um+no c|c s|stcm+ c+||+| un|+s |+b|os o|gios gcn|t+|s cxtc|nos dcntcs c
mcmb|+n+s mucos+s d+ c+v|d+dc o|+| com o ob,ct|vo cxc|us|vo ou ||nc|+| dc ||m+-|os c|-
|um+-|os +|tc|+| su+ ++|cnc|+ c ou co|||g|| odo|cs co|o|+|s c ou |otcgc-|os ou m+ntc-|os cm
bom cst+do
5. Modelos de redes existentes na Amaznia: relatos de casos
de sucesso
- ||o,cto no|tc dc csu|s+ c os-g|+du+io
O dcscn|o dc +t|v|d+dcs cm |cdc n+ ^m+zon|+ vcm tom+ndo co|o dcsdc o |n|c|o dos +nos
,o no bo,o do ||o,cto |o|tc dc |csu|s+ c |os-C|+du+io (||O|C) O ||O|C |o| |n|c|+do cn-
vo|vcndo b+s|c+mcntc |nst|tu|ocs |cdc|+|s dc cns|no c csu|s+ no mb|to do |o|um dc ||o-
|c|to|cs dc |csu|s+ c |os-g|+du+io |cg|on+| |o|tc (|o|o-||O) ||n+nc|+do c|o C|| O
ob,ct|vo m+|o| c|+ |ntcg|+| +s |nst|tu|ocs m+|s conso||d+d+s d+ |cg|io como + |||^ |n+ |u-
scu Coc|d| ||+m s c|+m+d+s n+ coc+ dc |nst|tu|ocs c|||c||c+s ou sc,+ +uc|+s uc +|nd+
nio cong|cg+v+m m+ss+ c||t|c+ dc csu|s+do|cs com u+||||c+io ncccss+||+ +|+ conco||c| +
|ccu|sos cm cd|t+|s n+c|on+|s
O modc|o v|s+v+ |cduz|| +s dcs|gu+|d+dcs |cg|on+|s c tom+v+ o| b+sc um cstudo dcnom|n+do
^ss|mct||+s do |ns|no uc||o| |c+||z+do c|o cntio ||o-|c|to| dc |csu|s+ c |os-g|+du+io d+
|||^ |o|csso| C||stov+m \+ndc||cy ||c+no ||n|z O cstudo +|cscnt+ numc|os c |+z |o,c-
ocs sob|c + cvo|uio do cns|no suc||o| +t|+vcs dc com+|+ocs cnt|c o dcscmcn|o d+s ||cs
o| |cg|io scus u+d|os doccntcs c++c|d+dc dc csu|s+ c + +|oc+io dc |ccu|sos ub||cos no
scto| cu g|+ndc mc||to |o| + |nduio + c||+io do ||O|C
|numc|os cvcntos |cun|ocs c v|+gcns |o|+m |c+||z+dos o| d|vc|sos g|uos dc |o-|c|to|cs c o|
com|ssocs mont+d+s c|o C|| busc+ndo v|+b|||z+| + const|uio dc |cdcs |m +,,s o ||og|+-
m+ |o| |n|c|+do c +|gum+s |cdcs |o|+m c|ct|v+mcntc |o|m+d+s |csu|t+ndo cm cstudos cooc|+-
t|vos cnt|c |nst|tu|ocs ^ |nduio +|+ + |o|m+io dcst+s |cdcs c|+ + csco||+ dc tcm+s dc |ntc-
|cdc dc |nov+io dc dc|mocosmct|cos n+ ^m+zon|+ o uso sustcnt+vc| dc su+ b|od|vc|s|d+dc
com cn|oucs +|+ +s c+dc|+s |odut|v+s d+ c+st+n|+-do-+|+ c dos o|cos dc +nd||ob+ c co+|b+
+o,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
|cssc |cg|on+| scgu|d+ d+ +bc|tu|+ dc cd|t+|s co|ct+ dc |o,ctos +n+||sc c +|oc+io dos |ccu|sos
n+s |cdcs cons|dc|+d+s m+|s +b|+ngcntcs
Os cd|t+|s do ||O|C ||o||z+v+m
^o|+| |o,ctos dc csu|s+ b+s|c+ cxc||mcnt+| c tccno|og|+s cm +|c+s tcm+t|c+s +on-
t+d+s como ||o||t+||+s cm C +|+ + |cg|io |o|tc
^ux|||+| n+ dcsconccnt|+io dc |nvcst|mcntos |nccnt|vos c |o|m+io dc |ccu|sos |um+-
nos cm C cm n|vc| |cg|on+| c |nt|+|cg|on+|
|+x|m|z+| + cont||bu|io dc C +|+ + so|uio dos |ob|cm+s soc|o-cconom|cos d+
|cg|io
^ux|||+| n+ cst|utu|+io c |o|t+|cc|mcnto dos s|stcm+s dc csu|s+ c|cnt|c+ c tccno|og|-
c+ c dc |nov+ocs
^o|+| + gcstio govc|n+mcnt+| no dcscnvo|v|mcnto dc o||t|c+s |cdc|+|s cst+du+|s c mu-
n|c|+|s dc C
|o|t+|ccc| os v|ncu|os dc cooc|+io tccn|c+ c n+ncc||+ cnt|c un|vc|s|d+dcs |nst|tutos
dc csu|s+ c scto| |odut|vo
|o|t+|ccc| + |c|+io cnt|c C c soc|cd+dc o| mc|o d+ |oduio con,unt+ dc
con|cc|mcntos
|o|t+|ccc| os |og|+m+s dc os-g|+du+io o| mc|o dc |nccnt|vos conso||d+io dos
g|uos c ||n|+s dc csu|s+s
O ||O|C |o| um+ |c||+mcnt+ |und+mcnt+| +|+ + conso||d+io d+ os-g|+du+io n+ ^m+zo-
n|+ c conscucntcmcntc +|+ + |o|m+io c ||x+io dc |ccu|sos |um+nos dc +|t+ u+||||c+io
cu succsso |o| m+|s t+ng|vc| no scto| +c+dcm|co do uc n+ gc|+io dc |odutos +||c+vc|s +o
scto| |odut|vo +| +v+||+io sc ,ust|||c+ cm |+cc dc d|stnc|+ cx|stcntc n+ coc+ cnt|c os sc-
to|cs +c+dcm|co c |odut|vo |m su+ ||mc||+ |od+d+ + u+sc tot+||d+dc dos |o,ctos |c||ct|+
|ntc|+ocs |ntc||nst|tuc|on+|s omcntc no cd|t+| .oo+ uc + |cscn+ dc cm|cs+s +ssou + tc|
m+|o| cso n+ +v+||+io d+s |oost+s
^ tcnt+t|v+ do ||O|C dc |ntcg|+| os scto|cs nio tcvc m+|o|cs +v+nos sc +n+||s+d+ sob + |uz dc
+|guns |+to|cs Os |ccu|sos dcst|n+dos +o |og|+m+ c|+m modcstos c o custo ^m+zon|+ mu|to
+|to |c||ct|do |und+mcnt+|mcntc c|+s d|stnc|+s uc cm mu|tos c+sos sc+|+v+m os +|cc||os
O scto| +c+dcm|co c+|cc|+ dc g|+ndcs |nvcst|mcntos ||nc|+|mcntc n+s +|c+s dc |n||+cst|utu|+
^|bc|to ^||ud+
+o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
c cu|+mcntos + m+|o||+ dos g|uos dc csu|s+ dccnd|+ dc +n+||scs uc c|+m |c+||z+d+s
cm +|cc||+ com |nst|tu|ocs |o|+ d+ |cg|io O scto| cm|cs+||+| +m+zon|co t+mbcm nio |cs-
ond|+ s+t|s|+to||+mcntc s tcnt+t|v+s dc |ntcg|+io cm|cs+s dc cucno c mcd|o o|tc
mu|t+s vczcs cm|cs+s |+m|||+|cs com |oduio +|tcs+n+| uc cons|dc|+v+m csu|s+ como
custo c nio como |nvcst|mcnto |m |+cc dcss+ |c+||d+dc mu|tos dos |o,ctos cnc+m|n|+dos no
bo,o do cd|t+| ||O|C-.oo+ |c|cscnt+v+m |ntcg|+ocs com cm|cs+s do sudcstc
- |undos cto||+|s
Os |undos cto||+|s dc C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ c||+dos + +|t|| dc +,,, sio |nst|umcntos dc ||-
n+nc|+mcnto dc |o,ctos dc csu|s+ dcscnvo|v|mcnto c |nov+io no +|s |+ +e |undos cto-
||+|s scndo +| |c|+t|vos + scto|cs cscc|||cos c do|s t|+nsvc|s+|s |cstcs um c vo|t+do |ntc|+io
un|vc|s|d+dc-cm|cs+ (|V^|undo Vc|dc-^m+|c|o) cnu+nto o out|o c dcst|n+do + +o|+| +
mc||o||+ d+ |n||+cst|utu|+ dc |Cs (|n||+cst|utu|+)
^ c||+io dos |undos cto||+|s |c|cscnt+ o cst+bc|cc|mcnto dc um novo +d|io dc ||n+nc|+-
mcnto +|+ o scto| scndo um mcc+n|smo |nov+do| dc cst|mu|o +o |o|t+|cc|mcnto do s|stcm+
dc C n+c|on+| cu ob,ct|vo c g+|+nt|| + cst+b|||d+dc dc |ccu|sos +|+ + +|c+ c c||+| um novo
modc|o dc gcstio com + +|t|c|+io dc v+||os scgmcntos soc|+|s +|cm dc |omovc| m+|o| s|-
nc|g|+ cnt|c +s un|vc|s|d+dcs ccnt|os dc csu|s+ c o scto| |odut|vo
Os |undos cto||+|s const|tucm +|nd+ v+||oso |nst|umcnto d+ o||t|c+ dc |ntcg|+io n+c|on+|
o|s c|o mcnos ,o/ dos scus |ccu|sos sio ob||g+to||+mcntc d|||g|dos s |cg|ocs |o|tc |o|-
dcstc c Ccnt|o-Ocstc |omovcndo + dcsconccnt|+io d+s +t|v|d+dcs dc C c + conscucntc
d|sscm|n+io dc scus bcnc||c|os
^ |m|cmcnt+io dos |undos cto||+|s |o| out|o cxc|c|c|o n+ cst|utu|+io dc |cdcs dc cooc-
|+io c|cnt|||c+ c tccno|og|c+ cnt|c + +c+dcm|+ c o mc|c+do o|s odcm sc| +o|+dos |o,ctos
uc cst|mu|+sscm tod+ + c+dc|+ dc con|cc|mcnto dcsdc + c|cnc|+ b+s|c+ +tc +s +|c+s m+|s d||c-
t+mcntc v|ncu|+d+s + c+d+ scto|
Com dcst+uc +|+ o C|||O ||mc||o dos |undos + cnt|+| cm oc|+io n+ |cg|io no|tc
com um dcscn|o dc |csc|v+ c|ccntu+| dc |ccu|sos dcst|n+dos cxc|us|v+mcntc s |cg|ocs |o|-
tc |o|dcstc c Ccnt|o-Ocstc
O C|||O c o |undo |+c|on+| dc |n||+cst|utu|+ |c|cscnt+|+m um |m|css|on+ntc s+|to dc
u+||d+dc n+ +dcu+io dc cs+o ||s|co +u|s|io dc cu|+mcntos dc cucno mcd|o c g|+n-
dc o|tc c ||nc|+|mcntc como cxcc|cntc mc|o dc |ntc|+io cnt|c os +to|cs ^ +c+dcm|+ c os
|nst|tutos dc csu|s+ +ss+|+m + cntcndc| c |csondc| s dcm+nd+s do scto| |odut|vo mot|-
v+dos cscc|+|mcntc c|+ +|oc+io dc |ccu|sos c + oss|b|||d+dc dc gc|+io dc |odutos dcnt|o
|cdc dc |nov+io dc dc|mocosmct|cos n+ ^m+zon|+ o uso sustcnt+vc| dc su+ b|od|vc|s|d+dc
com cn|oucs +|+ +s c+dc|+s |odut|v+s d+ c+st+n|+-do-+|+ c dos o|cos dc +nd||ob+ c co+|b+
+o,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
d+s cscc|||c+ocs cx|g|d+s o uc s|gn|||c+v+ t|+ns|c|cnc|+ dc tccno|og|+ c m+|s um+ vcz u+||||-
c+io dc |ccu|sos |um+nos
- ||og|+m+ |||oto +|+ + ||otcio d+s ||o|cst+s |o|c+|s do ||+s|| (||C;)
O ||og|+m+ |||oto +|+ + ||otcio d+s ||o|cst+s |o|c+|s do ||+s|| (||C;) |o| |oosto n+ |cu-
n|io do C|uo dos ctc +|scs |ndust||+||z+dos (C-;) cm |ouston cx+s (||^) cm +,,o |o|
+|ov+do c|o C-; c c|+ Com|ssio |u|oc|+ cm dczcmb|o dc +,,+ c |+n+do o||c|+|mcntc no
||+s|| cm +,,. du|+ntc + Con|c|cnc|+ d+s |+ocs |n|d+s +|+ o |c|o ^mb|cntc c o |cscnvo|-
v|mcnto + ||o-,. |+t+-sc dc um+ |n|c|+t|v+ do govc|no c d+ soc|cd+dc b|+s||c||+ cm +|cc||+
com + comun|d+dc |ntc|n+c|on+| uc v|s+ |o|mu|+io c |m|+nt+io dc o||t|c+s +|+ + con-
sc|v+io dos |ccu|sos n+tu|+|s c o dcscnvo|v|mcnto sustcnt+vc| d+ ^m+zon|+ |cg+| c d+ |+t+
^t|nt|c+ Coo|dcn+do c|o ||n|stc||o do |c|o ^mb|cntc (||^) o ||C; c |m|cmcnt+do o|
mc|o dc +|cc||+s cm d||c|cntcs n|vc|s cnvo|vcndo o|gios govc|n+mcnt+|s cnt|d+dcs d+ soc|c-
d+dc c|v|| c scto| ||v+do O ||og|+m+ +o|+ um con,unto dc |o,ctos dc |o|m+ + ot|m|z+| os
bcnc||c|os +mb|cnt+|s o|c|cc|dos c|os ccoss|stcm+s dc modo cons|stcntc com os ob,ct|vos dc
dcscnvo|v|mcnto do ||+s|| Os ob,ct|vos cscc|||cos sio +) dcmonst|+| + v|+b|||d+dc d+ |+|mo-
n|z+io dos ob,ct|vos +mb|cnt+|s c cconom|cos n+s ||o|cst+s t|o|c+|s .) +,ud+| + |csc|v+| os
cno|mcs |ccu|sos gcnct|cos d+s ||o|cst+s t|o|c+|s ,) |cduz|| + cont||bu|io d+s ||o|cst+s t|o|-
c+|s b|+s||c||+s +|+ + cm|ssio g|ob+| dc g+s c+|bon|co |) |o|nccc| um cxcm|o dc cooc|+io
cnt|c os +|scs dcscnvo|v|dos c cm dcscnvo|v|mcnto n+s ucstocs +mb|cnt+|s g|ob+|s O ||C;
cst+ |nc|u|do no ||og|+m+ ^m+zon|+ ustcnt+vc| (|^) do ||^ |css+ |o|m+ +s +ocs d+ sc-
gund+ |+sc do ||C; tcm o st+tus dc o||t|c+s ub||c+s +|+ + ^m+zon|+
|mo|t+ntcs |cdcs |o|+m |o|m+d+s tcndo s|do dcscnvo|v|dos cstudos dc |m+cto +|+ + |cg|io
scm|c busc+ndo + sustcnt+b|||d+dc c cnvo|vcndo dcsdc +s comun|d+dcs |oc+|s +tc cm|cs+s
dc g|+ndc o|tc
- ||og|+m+ |+c|on+| dc Cooc|+io ^c+dcm|c+ (||oc+d)
O ||oc+d ||n+nc|+do c|+ C+cs v|s+ |omovc| + |o|m+io dc |ccu|sos |um+nos dc +|to n|vc|
n+s d|vc|s+s +|c+s do con|cc|mcnto +t|+vcs dc |o,ctos con,untos dc csu|s+ dc mcd|+ du|+-
io |usc+ t+mbcm |ntcns|||c+| o |ntc|cmb|o c|cnt|||co no +|s o| |ntc|mcd|o do cnvo|v|mcn-
to dc cu|cs +c+dcm|c+s dc d|vc|s+s |nst|tu|ocs dc cns|no suc||o| c dc csu|s+ b|+s||c||+s
c||+ndo cond|ocs +|+ + c|cv+io gc|+| d+ u+||d+dc do cns|no suc||o| c d+ os-g|+du+io
Os |o,ctos sio +o|+dos o| mc|o do ||n+nc|+mcnto dc m|ssocs dc cstudo m|ssocs dc doccn-
c|+ c csu|s+ c cst+g|o os-douto|+| ^s m|ssocs dcvcm sc| |+nc,+d+s dc modo + +sscgu|+|
+ |m|cmcnt+io d+s +ocs ncccss+||+s dcst|n+d+s + |+c|||t+| c oss|b|||t+| + |ntc|+io cnt|c +s
cu|cs conso||d+ndo dcssc modo +s |cdcs dc cooc|+io
^|bc|to ^||ud+
+oo
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
^s |cdcs const|u|d+s no mb|to do ||oc+d tcm c+|+tc| +c+dcm|co c sio |ntcg|+d+s |und+mcn-
t+|mcntc o| |nst|tu|ocs dc cns|no suc||o| uc dctcm cu|sos dc os-g|+du+io ^ cst|utu|+-
io d+ |cdc cnvo|vc ob||g+to||+mcntc um+ |nst|tu|io n+c|on+| ||dc| + u+| dcvc|+ tc| concc|to
sc|s ou sctc n+ +v+||+io C+cs c um+ ou m+|s |nst|tu|ocs c|+m+d+s +ssoc|+d+s +s u+|s tcm
t+mbcm ob||g+to||+mcntc uc cst+| c|cdcnc|+d+s ,unto +gcnc|+ ^ |dc|+ ccnt|+| c +|ox|m+|
|nst|tu|ocs ,+ conso||d+d+s c dc +|to n|vc| + |nst|tu|ocs cm |+sc dc conso||d+io |+c|||t+ndo +
|ntc|+io cnt|c os g|uos + t|+ns|c|cnc|+ dc tccno|og|+s c + u+||||c+io dc |ccu|sos |um+nos
- |nst|tutos
Os |nst|tutos n+c|on+|s |omcnt+dos c|o C|| vcm |c|cscnt+ndo +tu+|mcntc + nov+ mod+||-
d+dc dc |cdcs dc csu|s+ n+ ^m+zon|+ ||omovcndo g|+ndc |ntc|+io cnt|c +s |nst|tu|ocs d+
|cg|io c +|cc||+s com out|+s |cg|ocs cst+s |cdcs tcm |nccnt|v+do o dcscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+|
+ busc+ dc so|uocs +|+ |ob|cm+s |oc+|s c + u+||||c+io c ||x+io dc |ccu|sos |um+nos
- |und+ocs dc ^m+|o |csu|s+ (|^|s)
O su|g|mcnto d+s |und+ocs dc ^m+|o c |csu|s+ cscc|+|mcntc nos |st+dos do |+|+ c ^m+-
zon+s vcm t|+zcndo um g|+ndc +o|o +o dcscnvo|v|mcnto c|cnt|||co c tccno|og|co dcsscs |st+-
dos |nt|c +s +ocs uc |nccnt|v+m + |o|m+io dc |cdcs cst+ o |+n+mcnto d+ |cdcb|o cnvo|-
vcndo +|cm dos do|s cst+dos os |st+dos do |+|+n|io (|+cm+) ^c|c c oc+nt|ns ^ |cdc d|so-
n|b|||z+ |, s m|||ocs +|+ o dcscnvo|v|mcnto dc |o,ctos ||g+dos + b|ocosmct|cos c |o| b+sc+d+
cnt|c out|os cm cstudos |c+||z+dos c|o CC||
- ||to|c|mo
|o mb|to do |C out|+ +io uc |nccnt|v+ + const|tu|io dc |cdcs n+ ^m+zon|+ c + cnco-
mcnd+ |c|t+ + +|cc||os nos |st+dos do ^m+zon+s c |+|+ ^ |cdc c|+m+d+ dc ||todc|mo nu-
c|c+d+ c|o Ccnt|o dc ||otccno|og|+ d+ ^m+zon|+ (C|^) |cccbcu +o|tc dc |, ,, m|||ocs c
|ntcg|+ |nst|tu|ocs como +s un|vc|s|d+dcs |cdc|+|s do ^m+zon+s c do |+|+ o |n+ c cm|cs+s
como C|+mm+ |^m+zon|+ |c|+c+ c + ||on+tus
|cdc dc |nov+io dc dc|mocosmct|cos n+ ^m+zon|+ o uso sustcnt+vc| dc su+ b|od|vc|s|d+dc
com cn|oucs +|+ +s c+dc|+s |odut|v+s d+ c+st+n|+-do-+|+ c dos o|cos dc +nd||ob+ c co+|b+
+o)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
6. Aspectos comerciais
Os |st+dos d+ ^m+zon|+ ossucm um cons|dc|+vc| numc|o dc cm|cs+s ||g+d+s +o |+mo dc
cosmct|cos c dc||v+dos ^s cm|cs+s vio dcsdc o|g+n|z+ocs |+m|||+|cs +ss+ndo o| cm|c-
s+s t|+d|c|on+|s n+ |cg|io n+c|on+|s c +tc mu|t|n+c|on+|s |+do d|son|b|||d+dc dc d+dos v|+
u||+m+ |o|+m |cv+nt+d+s cm|cs+s nos |st+dos do ^c|c ^m++ ^m+zon+s |ondon|+ c |o-
|+|m+ |+|+ c|c|tos |+t|cos |o|+m cons|dc|+d+s +cn+s cm|cs+s uc +tu+m n+ +|c+ |ndust||+|
Os |csu|t+dos cstio cx|cssos n+ +bc|+ +o c n+ ||gu|+ ; |cst+uc +|+ o |st+do do |+|+ uc
+|cscnt+ o m+|o| numc|o dc cm|cs+s
1abela +o. |ndust||+s uc +tu+m n+ |oduio dc cosmct|cos c +t|v|d+dcs +ns
|st+do ^c|c ^m++ ^m+zon+s |ondon|+ |o|+|m+ |+|+
|o dc cm|cs+s 01 00 0 04 00 0c
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Acre Amap Amazonas Rondnia Roraima Par
Nmero de Empresas
||gu|+ ; |m|cs+s uc +tu+m no |+mo dc cosmct|cos c +ns o| |st+do
^|bc|to ^||ud+
+os
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
7. Anlise dos resultados
Como o t|+b+||o ob,ct|vou + gc|+io dc |n|o|m+ocs uc subs|d|+sscm + |o|m+io dc sub|cdcs
cm dc|mocosmct|cos n+ ^m+zon|+ + +n+||sc d+s |n|o|m+ocs com||+d+s ncstc t|+b+||o |cvou
s conc|usocs +|cscnt+d+s + scgu|| V+|c |cmb|+| uc dcv|do b+|x+ dcns|d+dc dc +t|v|d+dc |n-
dust||+| cm cosmct|cos n+ |cg|io +ssoc|+d+ d|m|nut+ c++c|d+dc ||n+ncc||+ dcss+s cm|cs+s
cm |nvcst|| cm c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ + t+|c|+ dc dcscnvo|vc| con|cc|mcnto c tccno|og|+ sc cn-
cc||+ n+s |nst|tu|ocs dc cns|no c csu|s+ |cg|on+|s c scus +|cc||os
Os |ccu|sos |um+nos d|son|vc|s n+ |cg|io +|cscnt+m-sc u+||||c+dos c bo+ +|tc dos cs-
u|s+do|cs c tccn|cos tcm |o|m+io dc cxcc|cntc n|vc| c dcscnvo|vc +t|v|d+dcs cm +|c+s d||ct+-
mcntc ||g+d+s + cosmct|cos ou +||ns |m onto c||t|co c o csso+| dc +o|o como o| cxcm|o
tccn|cos cscc|+||z+dos cm oc|+io dc cu|+mcntos dc g|+ndc c mcd|o o|tcs c csso+| +|+
oc|+ocs dc |ot|n+ cm |+bo|+to||os cnt|c out|os
^ |n||+cst|utu|+ ||s|c+ odc sc| cons|dc|+d+ s+t|s|+to||+ ou sc,+ os |+bo|+to||os cncont|+m-sc
bcm cu|+dos c ossucm cm su+ g|+ndc m+|o||+ os mc|os ncccss+||os +o dcscnvo|v|mcnto dc
+t|v|d+dcs ||g+d+s +o tcm+ O g+|g+|o |c|+t|vo + cu|+mcntos c + m+nutcnio c +tu+||z+io dos
mcsmos ^s |nst|tu|ocs ub||c+s tcm sc||+s d|||cu|d+dcs cm conscgu|| |ccu|sos +|+ + m+nu-
tcnio dc cu|+mcntos |nt|c +s |nst|tu|ocs csu|s+d+s o C|^ dcst+c+-sc com +s mc||o|cs
|nst+|+ocs c com + mc||o| c m+|s +tu+||z+d+ ccnt|+| +n+||t|c+ d+ |cg|io
|cvc sc| cons|dc|+do uc +s |nst|tu|ocs ub||c+s dc cns|no csu|s+ c dcscnvo|v|mcnto cm su+
m+|o||+ t|+b+||+m com +utonom|+ +|+ dcc|d||cm os c+m|n|os + sc|cm t||||+dos cm csu|s+ c
dcscnvo|v|mcnto c uc mu|t+s tcm scus g|uos cnvo|v|dos cm d|vc|sos |o,ctos cm +nd+mcn-
to ou scndo |n|c|+dos
Os csu|s+do|cs d+s |nst|tu|ocs ub||c+s somcntc sc |ntc|css+m cm +|t|c|+| dc |o,ctos nos
u+|s v|s|umb|+m +|gum g+n|o |nst|tuc|on+| c nio somcntc +umcnto dc t|+b+||o |o|t+nto
+ont+| so|uocs +|+ os ontos cons|dc|+dos c||t|cos c |und+mcnt+| +|+ +t|+|| c otcnc|+||z+|
o |ntc|cssc c|+ |cdc
|u|+ntc o dcscnvo|v|mcnto d+s csu|s+s uc |cv+|+m + cstc t|+b+||o os csu|s+do|cs n+s
cnt|cv|st+s m+n||cst+|+m |ntc|cssc cm |ntcg|+| um+ |cdc com tcm+t|c+ sob|c dc|mocosmct|cos
c conco|d+|+m cm d|son|b|||z+| |csu|t+dos dc csu|s+s sob|c o tcm+ c +c||c|o+| |odutos
,+ cx|stcntcs
Como c|t+do +ntc||o|mcntc +s cm|cs+s dc cosmct|cos c |oduto|+s dc m+tc||+ ||m+ +|+ o
scto| |nst+|+d+s n+ |cg|io v+||+m dcsdc m|c|ocm|cs+s |+m|||+|cs +tc mu|t|n+c|on+|s ||+t|c+-
mcntc tod+s ut|||z+m c|o mcnos um dos t|cs |nsumos o||undos d+s c+dc|+s |odut|v+s (+nd|-
|cdc dc |nov+io dc dc|mocosmct|cos n+ ^m+zon|+ o uso sustcnt+vc| dc su+ b|od|vc|s|d+dc
com cn|oucs +|+ +s c+dc|+s |odut|v+s d+ c+st+n|+-do-+|+ c dos o|cos dc +nd||ob+ c co+|b+
+o,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
|ob+ co+|b+ c c+st+n|+-do-+|+) ^s cm|cs+s +|nd+ tcm mu|t+ d|||cu|d+dc cm sc |c|+c|on+|
com + +c+dcm|+ cscc|+|mcntc n+ comos|io dc +|cc||+s +|+ o dcscnvo|v|mcnto dc |o,ctos
c |odutos scndo dctcct+s +cn+s +t|v|d+dcs dc |cst+io dc sc|v|os ontu+|s |csmo +ss|m
+o sc|cm cont+t+d+s tod+s m+n||cst+|+m cxt|cmo |ntc|cssc n+ comos|io dc |cdcs dc dc|-
moscosmct|cos O onto cons|dc|+do c||t|co c + |c|+io cm|cs+;comun|d+dcs |cssc c+so +s
comun|d+dcs |oduto|+s dc |nsumos |cc|+m+m d+ |||cgu|+||d+dc dc +u|s|io dcstcs o| +|tc
d+s cm|cs+s uc o| su+ vcz |cc|+m+m d+ b+|x+ u+||d+dc dos |nsumos |o|ncc|dos c d+ tot+|
+uscnc|+ dc +|mct|os |cgu|+to||os
O onto cons|dc|+do c||t|co o| todos os scgu|mcntos c + +tu+| |cg|s|+io uc |cgc o +ccsso +o
+t||mon|o gcnct|co n+c|on+| Con|o|mc comcnt+do +ntc||o|mcntc + |c+||z+io dc t|+b+||os
dc csu|s+ c dcscnvo|v|mcnto cnvo|vcndo t+| +ccsso c cxt|cm+mcntc d|||cu|t+do o| mo|osos
+ssos bu|oc|+t|cos c |numc|+s cx|gcnc|+s mu|t+s vczcs |cv+ndo csu|s+do|cs + t|+b+||+|cm
cm dcs+co|do com +s no|m+s |cg+|s |o c+so do dcscnvo|v|mcnto dc |odutos uc ncccss|tcm
dc +tcntc+mcnto cst+ |cg|s|+io tcm uc sc| scgu|d+ ||go|os+mcntc
^s t|cs c+dc|+s |odut|v+s dc |nsumos (co+|b+ +nd||ob+ c c+st+n|+-do-+|+) most|+m-sc su-
||c|cntcmcntc o|g+n|z+d+s c com |oduio +c|m+ d+ +tu+| dcm+nd+ |xcctu+ndo o |st+do do
^m+zon+s os dcm+|s cst+dos csu|s+dos nio +|cscnt+|+m |n|o|m+ocs conso||d+d+s sob|c
cst+s c+dc|+s |m c+|+ctc||st|c+ m+|c+ntc |c|+t|v+ m+tc||+ ||m+ +|+ + |oduio dos |nsumos
comc|c|+||z+dos +|+ +s cm|cs+s cst+ no |+to dcst+ sc| o||und+ dc +t|v|d+dcs cxt|+t|v|st+s |stc
|+to usu+|mcntc |cv+ + |+|t+ dc cont|o|c botn|co d+s cscc|cs co|ct+d+s |csu|t+ndo n+ nio +-
d|on|z+io dos |nsumos gc|+dos uc|x+ comum d+s cm|cs+s uc +du||cm cstcs |o| scu |+-
dos os |o|ncccdo|cs usu+|mcntc comun|d+dcs |oc+|s o|g+n|z+d+s cm cooc|+t|v+s sc |cccntc
d+ +uscnc|+ dc o||t|c+s ub||c+s uc |oo|c|oncm con|cc|mcnto tccno|og|+ c cont|o|c dc
u+||d+dc dc scus |odutos +|cm dc ||n+nc|+mcntos uc +o|cm o dcscnvo|v|mcnto d+s c+-
dc|+s |odut|v+s
||n+|mcntc ||c+ cv|dcntc uc tod+s +s |nst|tu|ocs csu|s+d+s tcm cond|ocs dc +|t|c|+| d+
|cdc |+|+ uc |c+|mcntc |+,+ |ntc|cssc os do|s ontos +ont+dos como c||t|cos |ccu|sos +|+
m+nutcnio c +tu+||z+io dc cu|+mcntos c +|+ cont|+t+io dc csso+| +|+ +o|o oc|+-
c|on+| tcm ob||g+to||+mcntc uc |cccbc| +tcnio cscc|+| no modc|o dc ||n+nc|+mcnto + sc|
+dot+do sob cn+ dc |nv|+b|||z+io d+ +|t|c|+io d+s |nst|tu|ocs dc mcno| o|tc c dcs|ntc-
|cssc d+s dcm+|s
8. Sugestes para a modelagem da rede
O t|+b+||o |c+||z+do cv|dcnc|+ uc +s ||dc|+n+s tccn|c+s c c|cnt|||c+s n+ ^m+zon|+ cstio o|+||-
z+d+s cm do|s |st+dos o ^m+zon+s c o |+|+ |ss+s +|c+s +b||g+m os ||nc|+|s g|uos dc con|c-
^|bc|to ^||ud+
+)o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
c|mcnto c nuc|c|+m + m+|o||+ d+s |ndust||+s |oduto|+s dc cosmct|cos n+ |cg|io u+s ccono-
m|+s sio bcm conso||d+d+s c +s c+dc|+s |odut|v+s dc |nsumos cncont|+m-sc su||c|cntcmcntc
cst|utu|+d+s +|+ + |m|+nt+io dc sub|cdcs dc dc|mocosmct|cos ^ss|m cst+mos |oondo
um+ cst|utu|+io d+s sub|cdcs con|o|mc most|+do no ||uxog|+m+ +
Coordenao Geral
Financiador
CBA - Coordenao
AmazniaOcidental
Empresas Empresas
Cadeias Produtivas Instituies de Pesquisa Instituies de Pesquisa Cadeias Produtivas
UFPA - Coordenao
Amaznia Oriental
|luxograma + |st|utu|+io d+s sub|cdcs dc dc|mocosmct|cos
Referncias
^|^zO||^ Cl. 8 Uesenv., |c|cm v 1 n 1 ,u|;dcz .00
|OVO |ng|cd|cntcs cosmct|cos +t|vos V|s| |+ng+ Cosmct-||+|m Consu|t+nts ||C C|css|||| || .00.
|^C||O| |cn+t+ Cosmct|cos ||g|cnc c bc|cz+ +v+n+m scm +|+| +tu+||z+io dc |odutos c |occs-
sos g+|+ntc scxto +no consccut|vo dc c|csc|mcnto dc vcnd+s Qulmlca e Uerlvados, v 44 .00o
Fontes
^sscsso||+ dc ||+nc,+mcnto do Ccnt|o dc ||otccno|og|+ d+ ^m+zon|+ C|^ |+n+us (^|)
|| Osm+| |+mc||+ - |+bo|+to||o dc ||otccno|og|+ |uc|co dc ||o|og|+ ||||^|^ ^m+zon|+ O||cnt+|
|c|cm (|^)
||+ c|cz|n|+ dc |csus o+|cs dos +ntos Ccnt|o dc ||+nt+s |cd|c|n+|s c ||odutos |+tu|+|s |nst|tu-
to dc |csu|s+s C|cnt|c+s c ccno|og|c+s do |st+do do ^m++ |+c++ (^|)
|cdc dc |nov+io dc dc|mocosmct|cos n+ ^m+zon|+ o uso sustcnt+vc| dc su+ b|od|vc|s|d+dc
com cn|oucs +|+ +s c+dc|+s |odut|v+s d+ c+st+n|+-do-+|+ c dos o|cos dc +nd||ob+ c co+|b+
+)+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +|,-+;. ,u|-dcz .oo,
Coo|dcn+io dc |csu|s+ dc ||odutos |+tu|+|s |nst|tuto |+c|on+| dc |csu|s+ d+ ^m+zon|+ |||^
|+n+us (^|)
|| |||son C+b+s || Coo|dcn+io dc C|cnc|+s |um+n+s ||+ |+||+ d+s C|++s ||c|+|+ zog|b| Coo|-
dcn+io dc |otn|c+ |uscu |+|+cnsc |m|||o Coc|d| |||C -|c|cm (|^)
||o|+ ||+ |||z+bct| |o|t+| V|+n+ |||cto|+ dc |csu|s+ ||O||C |n|vc|s|d+dc |cdc|+| do ^m++
||||^| |+c++ (^|)
||o| || ^|onso |u+|tc |cio dc ouz+ - |+cu|d+dc dc u|m|c+ ||o-|c|to||+ dc ||+nc,+mcnto |n|vc|s|-
d+dc |cdc|+| do ^m+zon+s ||^| - |+n+us (^|)
||o-|c|to||+ dc ||+nc,+mcnto Ccnt|+| dc |xt|+io |+bo|+to||o dc C|om+tog|++ ||u|d+ |+bs|sb|o
|+cu|d+dc dc |+|m+c|+ |+cu|d+dc dc |ngcn|+||+ u|m|c+ c ^||mcntos |n|vc|s|d+dc |cdc|+| do
|+|+ |||^ |c|cm (|^)
|c ^||stotc|cs V|+n+ |c|n+ndcs cc|ct+||o - cc|ct+||+ |st+du+| dc C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ do |st+do
do ^m++ |+c++ (^|)
|| |+|v|no +|v+do| - cc|ct+||+ |xccut|v+ ^d,unt+ dc Comcns+ocs c c|v|os ^mb|cnt+|s |^C^
cc|ct+||+ dc |st+do do |c|o ^mb|cntc c |cscnvo|v|mcnto ustcnt+vc| | |+n+us (^|)
|c ^|||cdo ||ngo Oy+m+ |omm O dcscnvo|v|mcnto d+ +g|o|ndust||+ no |st+do do |+|+ - ||o,cto
dc ^o|o +o |cscnvo|v|mcnto dc ccno|og|+ ^g|occu+||+ +|+ o ||+s|| (||odct+b) |c|cm (|^)
||n|stc||o do |c|o ^mb|cntc |c do |+t||mon|o Ccnct|co ||+s|||+ (||)
^gcnc|+ |+c|on+| dc V|g||nc|+ +n|t+||+ ^|V|^ ||+s|||+ (||)
uc||ntcndcnc|+ d+ zon+ ||+nc+ dc |+n+us |||^|^ |+n+us (^|)
|cdc|+io d+s |ndust||+s do |st+do do |+|+ ||||^ |c|cm (|^)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
Patentes acadmicas no Brasil: uma anlise sobre as
universidades pblicas paulistas e seus inventores
Rodrigo Maia de Oliveira

& La Maria Leme Strini Velho

+ |od||go |+|+ dc O||vc||+ c cngcn|c||o dc |oduio dc m+tc||+|s c mcst|c cm cngcn|+||+ dc |oduio c|+ |n|vc|s|d+dc |c-
dc|+| dc io C+||os (||C+|) c douto|+ndo do |c+|t+mcnto dc |o||t|c+ C|cnt|c+ c ccno|og|c+ (||C) do |nst|tuto dc Cc-
oc|cnc|+s (|C) d+ |n|vc|s|d+dc |st+du+| dc C+m|n+s (|n|c+m) |m+|| m+|+,|gcun|c+mb|
. |c+ |+||+ |cmc t||n| Vc||o c cngcn|c||+ +g|onom+ c|+ |n|vc|s|d+dc |st+du+| |+u||st+ |u||o dc |csu|t+ ||||o (|ncs)
mcst|c cm +g|onom|+ (|ncs) c douto|+ cm |o||t|c+ C|cnt|c+ c ccno|og|c+ c|+ c|cncc |o||cy |csc+|c| |n|t (|||-|n|vc|-
s|d+dc dc usscx-|c|no |n|do) ^tu+|mcntc c |o|csso|+ t|tu|+| do |c+|t+mcnto dc |o||t|c+ C|cnt|c+ c ccno|og|c+ (||C-
|C-|n|c+m) |m+|| vc||o,|gcun|c+mb|
Resumo
|ssc cstudo +|cscnt+ um +no|+m+ d+ +t|v|d+dc
dc +tcntc+mcnto +c+dcm|co no ||+s|| |+|+ t+n-
to com+|+ +n+||s+ c com|cmcnt+ +|guns d+dos
c +|gumcntos d+ ||tc|+tu|+ sob|c o tcm+ c |nt|oduz
um+ +n+||sc do c|| dos |nvcnto|cs +c+dcm|cos ^
+|t|| dc d+dos c |n|o|m+ocs co|ct+d+s no |nst|-
tuto |+c|on+| d+ ||o||cd+dc |ndust||+| (||||) nos
|uc|cos dc |nov+io ccno|og|+ (||s) c n+ |+t+-
|o|m+ |+ttcs do Consc||o |+c|on+| dc |cscnvo|v|-
mcnto C|cnt|co c ccno|og|co (C||) os |csu|-
t+dos obt|dos cv|dcnc|+m o |cccntc +umcnto n+
+t|v|d+dc dc +tcntc+mcnto +c+dcm|co no ||+s||
|cssc +no|+m+ gc|+| dcst+c+m-sc + conccnt|+-
io d+s +tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs d+
|cg|io udcstc cscc|+|mcntc +s ub||c+s +u||st+s
+ os|io d+ |+cs como + ||nc|+| cot|tu|+| dcs-
Abstract
's ae eseo:s ao c.e.e. c/ a:eo:o
a.:.:es .aea ca: o, 8a'ao ao'. ao.es:es
'e aoa',ss s oasea co aa:a aoa o/coa:co
.c''e.:ea ae.:', a: :ne `a:coa' |os::a:e c/
|oaas:a' |ce:, |`||) a: :ne e.noc'c,
aos/e O .e O) a: ea.n ao.es:, s:aaea as
.e'' as a: :ne |a::es |a:aoase /co :ne `a:coa'
|esea.n Ccao.' C`|) 'e oao esa':s snc.
a so.ao: o.ease o :ne oaooe c/ a:eo:s
'ea o, 8a'ao ao.es:es o :ne ocs: e.eo:
eca a ecan.a' .co.eo:a:co c/ a.aaeo.
a:eo:s o :ne :ca:neas:eo eco oao', o :ne
:ac |aa'c ::a:e :ne 'eaaesn c/ |^||:| as :ne
oao .cassoee :ne aeeo: '.eoso s:a:ees
aac:ea o, ao.es:es aoa :ne nn 'e.e' c/
a.aaeo. oa:a:, c/ :ne o.eo:cs
|od||go |+|+ & |c+ Vc||o
+)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
1. Introduo
O |occsso dc |otcio c comc|c|+||z+io d+s csu|s+s +c+dcm|c+s o| mc|o do uso do s|stc-
m+ dc +tcntcs nio c um |cnomcno novo (C|^|O|| ||CC^||C^ .oo,) |o cnt+nto + ob-
sc|v+io dcssc |occsso como ob,cto dc +n+||sc vcm oco||cndo |+ ouco m+|s dc um+ dcc+d+
u+ndo comc+|+m + su|g|| nos ||^ os ||mc||os cstudos com o ob,ct|vo dc mc||o| cntcndc|
os v+||os +scctos uc cnvo|vcm + |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| no +mb|cntc +c+dcm|co
|c |+to +s +t|v|d+dcs dc +tcntc+mcnto c ||ccnc|+mcnto nio oco||cm |so|+d+mcntc dcnt|o d+
un|vc|s|d+dc modc|n+ cst+ndo +ssoc|+d+s + |numc|os out|os |cnomcnos +tu+|s c |ntc|-|c|+c|o-
n+dos uc cm con,unto |o|m+m um contcxto |nst|tuc|on+| mu|to m+|s com|cxo cm com+-
|+io uc|c d+ un|vc|s|d+dc t|+d|c|on+|
+
^tu+|mcntc + un|vc|s|d+dc dcscmcn|+ +c|s uc
o||g|n+|mcntc c|+m cntcnd|dos como dc |csons+b|||d+dc cxc|us|v+ dc out|+s |nst|tu|ocs t+|s
como cm|cs+s c govc|nos |cssc modo tcm s|do c+d+ vcz m+|s comum cncont|+| un|vc|s|d+-
dcs uc m+ntcn|+m |c|+ocs dc c|ct|v+ cooc|+io com o scto| |odut|vo uc dcscmcn|cm
+c| dc dcst+uc no dcscnvo|v|mcnto cconom|co |oc+| ou |cg|on+| uc tcn|+m |m|cmcnt+-
do |n|c|+t|v+s conc|ct+s +|+ |otcgc| c comc|c|+||z+| os |csu|t+dos dc su+s csu|s+s c uc tc-
n|+m cont||bu|do +|+ + |o|m+io dc cm|cs+s n+sccntcs dc b+sc tccno|og|c+ (s|n o||s) dcn-
t|c out|+s (C|^|O|| ||CC^||C^ .oo,)
^ +|t|| dcssc contcxto cstc t|+b+||o sc |c+||z+ com o ob,ct|vo gc|+| dc +m||+| + com|ccnsio
d+ +t|v|d+dc dc +tcntc+mcnto conduz|d+ c|+ un|vc|s|d+dc ub||c+ b|+s||c||+ |cssc ob,ct|vo
gc|+| dcco||cm os scgu|ntcs ob,ct|vos cscc|||cos (+) +|cscnt+| um +no|+m+ d+ +t|v|d+dc dc
+tcntc+mcnto +c+dcm|co no ||+s|| c (b) c+|+ctc||z+| c +n+||s+| o subg|uo dc un|vc|s|d+dcs
ub||c+s +u||st+s u+nto + cst+ +t|v|d+dc com dcst+uc +|+ +s c+|+ctc||st|c+s dc scus |nvcn-
to|cs Cons|dc|+ndo cstc scgundo ob,ct|vo cscc|||co o +|t|go +bo|d+ os scgu|ntcs +scctos +)
cvo|uio no vo|umc dos documcntos dcos|t+dos b) t|tu|+||d+dc c) dcos|tos no cxtc||o| d)
+ |ct|+y (.ooe) +n+||s+ndo + |oos|io dc uc + un|vc|s|d+dc sc cncont|+ num |occsso dc mud+n+ cm d||cio comc|c|+||-
z+io dos |csu|t+dos d+ su+ csu|s+ |nd|c+ |+vc| um+ +gud+ d|st|nio cnt|c o uc os c||t|cos c os dc|cnso|cs dcss+ |oost+
cons|dc|+m sc| + un|vc|s|d+dc modc|n+ (dc csu|s+) c + un|vc|s|d+dc t|+d|c|on+| scndo cst+ u|t|m+ c+|+ctc||z+d+ o| v+-
|o|cs t|+d|c|on+|s t+|s como + ||bc|d+dc +c+dcm|c+ + csu|s+ scm |cst||ocs ou +m+||+s c + c|cnc|+ como voc+io (O||
+,,, \|||| +,s. c |||^ .ooe)
keywords |a:eo:s |ooc.a:co |o.eo:cos s+s un|vc|s|d+dcs +s d||c|cntcs cst|+tcg|+s dc ||ccn-
c|+mcnto +dot+d+s c o c|cv+do g|+u dc m+tu||d+-
dc +c+dcm|c+ dos |nvcnto|cs
alavras-cbave |+tcntcs |nov+io |nvcnto|cs
|+tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s no ||+s|| um+ +n+||sc sob|c
+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s c scus |nvcnto|cs
+),
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
||ccnc|+mcntos c) subdom|n|os tccno|og|cos c |) o c|||| dos |nvcnto|cs ^ss|m o +|t|go sc d|v|-
dc cm sctc scocs |nc|u|ndo cst+ |nt|oduio ^ scio . +|cscnt+ d+dos |cccntcs sob|c + +t|v|-
d+dc dc +tcntc+mcnto +c+dcm|co no ||+s|| +|cm dc +|guns +|gumcntos uc cnvo|vcm o tcm+
^ scio , +|cscnt+ um+ b|cvc c+|+ctc||z+io do contcxto |nst|tuc|on+| c d+s |cgu|+mcnt+ocs
dc |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs uc comocm o cstudo dc c+so Os +scctos mc-
todo|og|cos cnvo|vcndo +s b+scs dc d+dos c + v+||+vc|s co|ct+d+s cncont|+m-sc n+ scio | ^
scio , +|cscnt+ c d|scutc os ||nc|+|s |csu|t+dos do cstudo O +|t|go sc cncc||+ com +s con-
s|dc|+ocs ||n+|s d+ scio e
2. Patentes acadmicas no Brasil
^ +|t|c|+io d+ un|vc|s|d+dc b|+s||c||+ como usu+||+ do s|stcm+ d+ |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| +|n-
d+ c |nc||cntc cm cscc|+| u+ndo com+|+d+ +|t|c|+io d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs cst|+ngc||+s nos
scus +|scs dc o||gcm
.
|ss+ d||c|cn+ sc |c||ctc |nc|us|vc n+s oss|b|||d+dcs dc +n+||sc sob|c o c+so
b|+s||c||o |nu+nto os +|scs dcscnvo|v|dos us+m +s +tcntcs conccd|d+s c|os scus |sc||to||os
|+c|on+|s dc |+tcntcs como um |nd|c+do| d+ +t|v|d+dc dc +tcntc+mcnto d+s su+s un|vc|s|d+dcs
no ||+s|| + +n+||sc cu|v+|cntc somcntc tcm scnt|do u+nto ut|||z+ os documcntos dcos|t+dos
,

|nt|c os oucos cstudos uc sc dcb|u+m sob|c + +t|v|d+dc dc +tcntc+mcnto +c+dcm|co no

||+s|| cstio o dc ^ssumio (.ooo) uc +|cscnt+ os dcos|tos dc +tcntcs d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs
du|+ntc + dcc+d+ dc +,,o o dc C|+g+s (.oo|) uc +n+||s+ como +s |nst|tu|ocs ub||c+s dc cn-
s|no c csu|s+ vcm |m|cmcnt+ndo + |otcio do con|cc|mcnto c|cnt|||co c tccno|og|co +
+|t|| d+ +tu+||z+io do +|c+bouo |cg+| d+ |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| o dc ||n|c||o-|+c|+do c
O||vc||+ (.oo|) uc |+zcm um+ com+|+io cnt|c +s +t|v|d+dcs dc +tcntc+mcnto no ||+s|| c
nos ||^ o dc C+|n|c+ (.oo;) uc +|cscnt+ o dcscmcn|o d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||s-
t+s u+nto s su+s +t|v|d+dcs dc +tcntc+mcnto c dc t|+ns|c|cnc|+ dc tccno|og|+ o| mc|o do
numc|o dc +tcntcs gc|+d+s c cont|+tos cst+bc|cc|dos com cm|cs+s o dc |ovo+ (.oos) uc
dcsc|cvc c +n+||s+ os d+dos sob|c dcos|tos dc +tcntcs c|ctu+dos o| un|vc|s|d+dcs c |nst|tutos
. ^ +|t|c|+io d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs cst|+ngc||+s nos scus |cscct|vos s|stcm+s dc |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| tcm s|do ob,cto dc cstu-
do cm d|vc|sos +|scs t+|s como ||^ (||||||O| |^||| |^||||||C +,,s |^||| .ooo |O\|| | ^| .oo+ |O-
\|| ^||^ z|||O|| .oo. |O\|| z|||O|| .oo. C^||O| ||||| .oo. ^z^C|^-C^|O ^|C|O|-
^|| |C|O-|C|O .oo;) |s+n|+ c ||+n+ (C|^|O|| ||CC^||C^ .oo,) |c|no |n|do (C|||^ ||^ .ooe)
|t+||+ (|^||||| | ^| .ooe) c |c|g|c+ (^|^CO| V^| |O|||||C|| .oo,) dcnt|c out|os
, ^ conccssio dc um+ +tcntc oco||c somcntc +os o cx+mc |c+||z+do c|os tccn|cos do |sc||to||o |+c|on+| dc |+tcntcs |o
c+so b|+s||c||o css+ comctcnc|+ c+bc +o |nst|tuto |+c|on+| dc ||o||cd+dc |ndust||+| (||||) |nu+nto nos ||^ o |+zo mcd|o
+|+ um documcnto sc| conccd|do +|c+n+ cc|c+ dc .| mcscs cm out|os +|scs cssc mcsmo |+zo costum+ sc| s|gn|c+t|v+-
mcntc m+|o| |o ||+s|| cmbo|+ o |||| vcn|+ dcd|c+ndo cs|o|os no scnt|do dc |cduz|| t+|s |+zos o tcmo cnt|c o dcos|to
c + conccssio c|cg+ + +|c+n+| +tc , (novc) +nos (^|C|^| .oos)
|od||go |+|+ & |c+ Vc||o
+)o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
ub||cos dc csu|s+ b|+s||c||os c o dc ^m+dc| c o||om|+n (.oo,) uc +n+||s+m os dcos|tos
dc +tcntcs d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s no c||odo dc +,,,-.ooe
Com+|+t|v+mcntc + csscs cstudos cstc +|t|go o|c|ccc du+s cont||bu|ocs +d|c|on+|s + s+bc| +)
com+|+ +n+||s+ c com|cmcnt+ +|guns d+dos c +|gumcntos +|cscnt+dos c|+ ||tc|+tu|+ c|t+d+
c b) +m||+ + c|scct|v+ dc cstudo sob|c o tcm+ |nt|oduz|ndo um+ +n+||sc |n|c|+| do c|||| dos
|nvcnto|cs cnu+nto +gcntcs +t|vos do |occsso dc +tcntc+mcnto +c+dcm|co
^ +|t|| dc d+dos co|ct+dos n+ b+sc dc +tcntcs do |nst|tuto |+c|on+| dc ||o||cd+dc |ndust||+|
(|||| .oo,) c ,unto +os |uc|cos dc |nov+io ccno|og|c+ (||s)
|
|o| oss|vc| vc||||c+| um m+|o|
+ccsso d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s b|+s||c||+s +o s|stcm+ dc |otcio nos +nos m+|s |cccntcs |+|+
o c||odo com|ccnd|do cnt|c +,;o c .oo; |o|+m |dcnt|||c+dos .o,, documcntos dc +tcntcs
dcos|t+dos o| um cont|ngcntc dc ,o un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s (cst+du+|s c |cdc|+|s)
,

Os g|+||cos d+s ||gu|+s ++ c +b most|+m uc + +t|v|d+dc dc +tcntc+mcnto +c+dcm|co no ||+s||

c|+ |+t|c+mcntc |ncx|stcntc +ntcs dc +,so |c |+to como bcm obsc|v+do o| |ovo+ (.oos) o
||mc||o documcnto dc +tcntc dcos|t+do o| um+ un|vc|s|d+dc b|+s||c||+ |o| |c|to c|+ |n|-
vc|s|d+dc |cdc|+| do ||o dc |+nc||o (||||) no +no dc +,;,
Tempo (Anos)
D
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0
200
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600
800
1.000
1.200
1.400
1.600
1.800
1970-1979 1980-1989 1990-1999 2000-2007*
1
120
334
1.644
|lgura +.a. |umc|o +cumu|+do dc dcos|tos dc +tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s o| dcccn|o
| |xccto +|+ o c+so d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s cu,os d+dos |o|+m o|c|cc|dos cxc|us|v+mcntc c|os ||s os d+dos so-
b|c + +t|v|d+dc dc +tcntc+mcnto +c+dcm|co +|cscnt+dos ncst+ scio . |o|+m co|ct+dos d||ct+mcntc d+ b+sc dc +tcntcs
do |||| odos os g|+cos c t+bc|+s |o|+m c|+bo|+dos + +|t|| dc d+dos co|ct+dos c o|g+n|z+dos c|os +uto|cs ^s cvcntu+|s
cxccocs cncont|+m-sc dcv|d+mcntc |dcnt|c+d+s com + |cscct|v+ |c|c|cnc|+ Os dcm+|s +scctos mctodo|og|cos do cstudo
sio +|cscnt+dos como m+|o| dct+||+mcnto n+ scio |
, |c +co|do com d+dos do |nst|tuto |+c|on+| dc |studos c |csu|s+s |duc+c|on+|s ^n|s|o c|xc||+ (||||) cm .oo; o ||+s|| os-
su|+ ,e un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s scndo ,| |cdc|+|s c ,e cst+du+|s (|||| .oo,)
|+tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s no ||+s|| um+ +n+||sc sob|c
+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s c scus |nvcnto|cs
+))
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
Tempo (Anos)
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350
1
9
7
0
1
9
7
2
1
9
7
4
1
9
7
6
1
9
7
8
1
9
8
0
1
9
8
2
1
9
8
4
1
9
8
6
1
9
8
8
1
9
9
0
1
9
9
2
1
9
9
4
1
9
9
6
1
9
9
8
2
0
0
0
2
0
0
2
2
0
0
4
2
0
0
6
|lg.ura +.b. |vo|uio +nu+| dos dcos|tos dc +tcntcs dc un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s no ||+s||
cgu|ndo +s |+scs tcmo|+|s dc||n|d+s o| |ovo+ (.oos) +tc +,,e o +no|+m+ dc dcos|tos dc
+tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s c |||cgu|+| c |n|c||o| + ,o dcos|tos o| +no cgundo cssc +uto| + ucd+
obsc|v+d+ nos +nos dc +,,| c +,,, tc||+ o||gcm cm |ob|cm+s +dm|n|st|+t|vos |c|+c|on+dos +o
|occsso dc |cd+io dos cd|dos dc +tcntcs n+ |n|vc|s|d+dc dc io |+u|o (||) uc +o |+do
d+ |n|vc|s|d+dc |st+du+| dc C+m|n+s (|n|c+m) ocu+v+ os|io dc dcst+uc cm |c|+io s
dcm+|s (|OVO^ .oos)
|cs +|gumcntos +,ud+m + cx||c+| o b+|xo |ntc|cssc d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs c|o dcos|to dc +tcn-
tcs ncss+ ||mc||+ |+sc O ||mc||o dc|cs c dc c+|+tc| ||sto||co c no|m+t|vo Cons|dc|+ndo uc +
m+|o||+ dos csu|s+do|cs +c+dcm|cos +t|vos n+ |+t|c+ d+ c|cnc|+ n+s dcc+d+s dc ;o c so |o| |o|-
m+d+ sob |o|tc |n||ucnc|+ d+s no|m+s |c|ton|+n+s
e
sc||+ d|||c|| csc|+| +|gum como|t+mcnto
uc v+|o||z+ssc + |otcio dos |csu|t+dos d+s csu|s+s cm dct||mcnto d+ d||usio dcsscs mcs-
mos |csu|t+dos como um bcm comum |m scgundo +|gumcnto +|cscnt+do o| ^ssumio
(.ooo) cons|dc|+ uc + com|cx|d+dc dos t|m|tcs +|+ + obtcnio dc um+ +tcntc cont||bu|u
sob|cm+nc||+ +|+ uc + m+|o||+ d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs b|+s||c||+s sc m+nt|vcssc +|+st+d+ do s|stc-
m+ dc |otcio o| +tcntcs +o |ongo d+s dcc+d+s dc +,;o c +,so Como tc|cc||o +|gumcnto
odc-sc |nd|c+| + |+|t+ dc um o|dcn+mcnto ,u||d|co coc|cntc c dc d||ct||zcs o||t|c+s cscc|||c+s
+|+ o uso do s|stcm+ dc |otcio o| +tcntcs c|+ m+|o||+ d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs V+|c |cmb|+| uc
o +tu+| +|c+bouo |cg+| uc cst+bc|ccc +s ||nc|+|s d||ct||zcs +|+ o uso do s|stcm+ dc |o||c-
d+dc |ndust||+| c uc d|soc sob|c |nccnt|vos |nov+io c csu|s+ c|cnt|||c+ c tccno|og|c+ cm
e |c +co|do com |c|ton (+,|.) + c|cnc|+ dcscmcn|+d+ c|+ +c+dcm|+ scguc um con,unto dc no|m+s soc|+|s |m||c|t+s t+m-
bcm con|cc|do o| ct|os c|cnt|co ou Cudos scndo cst+ u|t|m+ dcnom|n+io um +c|on|mo dos tc|mos Comun+||sm (Co-
mun+||smo) |n|vc|s+||sm (|n|vc|s+||smo) ||s|ntc|ctcdncss (|cs|ntc|cssc) c O|g+n|zcd |ct|c|sm (Cct|c|smo O|g+n|z+do)
|od||go |+|+ & |c+ Vc||o
+)s
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
|nst|tu|ocs b|+s||c||+s c |c|+t|v+mcntc |cccntc (+,,e
;
.oo|
s
c .oo,
,
) |css+ ||mc||+ |+sc +cn+s
|| c |n|c+m cst+bc|ccc|+m su+s ||mc||+s no|m+s |ntc|n+s dc |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| c||+n-
do scus ||mc||os o|g+n|smos dc +o|o +o +tcntc+mcnto
+o

^ scgund+ |+sc dc||n|d+ cnt|c +,,; c .oo+ c m+|c+d+ o| um c|csc|mcnto s|gn|||c+t|vo no nu-
mc|o dc +tcntcs dcos|t+d+s c+|+ctc||z+do c|+ m+|o| |nc||n+io n+ cu|v+ dc dcos|tos cm
|c|+io +o c||odo +ntc||o| (||g +b) O |co obsc|v+do no +no dc +,,; sc dcvc cont||bu|io
u+sc uc cxc|us|v+ d+ |n|c+m c d+ |n|vc|s|d+dc |cdc|+| dc ||n+s Cc|+|s (|||C) uc ,unt+s
som+|+m |, (;,|/) dos e, dcos|tos |c+||z+dos n+uc|c +no
^n+||s+ndo o c||odo m+|s |cccntc cnt|c .oo. c .oo; obsc|v+-sc um c|csc|mcnto cx|css|vo
uc +|c+n+ cm .oo; n|vc|s |ox|mos dc ,,o dcos|tos dc +tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s Os dcst+ucs
||c+m o| cont+ d+ |n|c+m uc dcsdc .oo. m+ntcm um+ mcd|+ dc +|ox|m+d+mcntc ,o
documcntos dcos|t+dos o| +no d+ || d+ |||| c d+ |||C uc cm .oo; dcos|t+|+m |cs-
cct|v+mcntc ;, |o c ,, novos documcntos dc +tcntc |cst+ u|t|m+ |+sc (.oo.-.oo;) cstio
conccnt|+dos ;o|/ dos dcos|tos |c+||z+dos o| un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s b|+s||c||+s ,unto +o ||||
cm todo o c||odo +,;,-.oo; O g|+||co + scgu|| (||gu|+ .) c|m|tc v|su+||z+| com m+|s dct+||c +
cvo|uio do numc|o dc documcntos dc +tcntc dcos|t+dos c|+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s b|+-
s||c||+s dcsdc +,;, +tc .oo;
D
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1
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1
9
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1
9
8
9
1
9
9
1
1
9
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1
9
9
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1
9
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1
9
9
9
2
0
0
1
2
0
0
3
2
0
0
5
2
0
0
7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
UFMG
UNICAMP
UNESP
UFPR
UFV
UFRGS
UFSCar
UFPE
UFRJ
USP
|lgura :. |vo|uio dos dcos|tos dc +tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s no ||+s|| (+,;,-.oo;)
; |c| n ,.;, dc +| dc m+|o dc +,,e (|c| dc ||o||cd+dc |ndust||+| |||) (||^|| +,,e)
s |c| n +o,;, dc o. dc dczcmb|o dc .oo| (|c| dc |nov+io ccno|og|c+) (||^|| .oo|)
, |cc|cto n ,,e, dc ++ dc outub|o dc .oo, (|cc|cto d+ |c| dc |nov+io ccno|og|c+) (||^|| .oo,)
+o |+|o|cs |n|o|m+ocs sob|c +s no|m+s |ntc|n+s dc |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| dcss+s du+s un|vc|s|d+dcs sio +|cscnt+d+s n+ sc-
io | dcstc +|t|go
|+tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s no ||+s|| um+ +n+||sc sob|c
+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s c scus |nvcnto|cs
+),
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
cgundo |ovo+ (.oos) +s c+us+s do |ntcnso +umcnto do numc|o dc dcos|tos dc +tcntcs
+c+dcm|c+s no c||odo m+|s |cccntc sio v+||+d+s dc d|||c|| u+nt|||c+io c odcm gu+|d+| +|-
gum+s co||c|+ocs |csmo +ss|m o +uto| +|gumcnt+ |+vc| t|cs d||c|cntcs t|os dc mud+n+s
oco|||d+s +|nd+ n+ dcc+d+ dc +,,o c uc cst+||+m cnt|c +s ||nc|+|s c+us+s dcssc +umcnto
scndo c|+s (+) mud+n+s no|m+t|v+s uc +tu+||z+|+m o +|c+bouo |cg+| b|+s||c||o |c|+c|on+do
|o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| (b) +umcnto n+ |ntcns|d+dc d+ +t|v|d+dc dc csu|s+ +c+dcm|c+
t|+duz|do c|o (b+) +umcnto do vo|umc dc |ccu|sos ||n+ncc||os dcst|n+dos os-g|+du+io
c (b.) +umcnto no numc|o dc csu|s+do|cs cnvo|v|dos com +t|v|d+dcs dc csu|s+ +c+dcm|-
c+ como dcco||cnc|+ do m+|o| numc|o dc douto|cs |o|m+dos +nu+|mcntc c (c) mud+n+ dc
como|t+mcnto do csu|s+do| +c+dcm|co cm |c|+io ucstio dos d||c|tos dc |o||cd+dc
|ntc|cctu+| c uc sc||+ mot|v+d+ (c+) c|+ c||+io dos ||s dcnt|o d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs c (c.) c|+
+tu+||z+io d+s |cg|+s gc|+|s uc dc||ncm + +|t|c|+io dos csu|s+do|cs nos |csu|t+dos
cconom|cos obt|dos + +|t|| d+ cx|o|+io comc|c|+| dc su+s csu|s+s
|c |+to + +|t|| d+ dcc+d+ dc ,o um con,unto dc +scctos cst|utu|+|s |cg+|s ||n+ncc||os c |u-
m+nos +|ccc mod|||c+| o contcxto uc cnvo|vc + +c+dcm|+ gc|+ndo um +mb|cntc m+|s |+vo-
|+vc| |+t|c+ d+ |otcio c d+ comc|c|+||z+io d+ csu|s+ +c+dcm|c+
O m+|o| uso do s|stcm+ dc |otcio o| +tcntcs c|+s un|vc|s|d+dcs b|+s||c||+s nos +nos m+|s
|cccntcs c|m|tc not+| um+ c|+|+ |cdom|nnc|+ d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s d+ |cg|io udcstc
cm |c|+io s dcm+|s |ontu+|mcntc n+ ||st+ d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs uc ++|cccm no g|+||co d+ ||gu-
|+ . + un|c+ cxccio ||c+ o| cont+ d+ |n|vc|s|d+dc |cdc|+| dc |c|n+mbuco (||||) uc cmbo|+
c|tcn+ |cg|io |o|dcstc ++|ccc cm s |ug+| n+ cont+gcm gc|+|
^ +n+||sc m+|s +b|+ngcntc dcmonst|+ uc +o |ongo do c||odo cnt|c +,;, c .oo; |o|+m dco-
s|t+d+s .o,, +tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s |cssc tot+| +e,, ou sc,+ ;,,/ sio dcos|tos dc un|vc|s|-
d+dcs ub||c+s d+ |cg|io udcstc (||gu|+ ,) ^ |cg|io u| ++|ccc cm scgundo |ug+| com .,,
(+.,/) dcos|tos scgu|d+ c|+ |cg|io |o|dcstc com +o| (,o/) dcos|tos c|+ |cg|io Ccnt|o-
Ocstc com |e (../) dcos|tos c c|+ |cg|io |o|tc com .+ (+o/) dcos|tos |cnt|o d+ |cg|io
udcstc +|nd+ mc|ccc dcst+uc + +|t|c|+io d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s uc no mcs-
mo c||odo dcos|t+|+m +os, documcntos dc +tcntc |c|cscnt+ndo ,+;/ do tot+|
|ss+ conccnt|+io dc +tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s n+ |cg|io udcstc nio c um+ cv|dcnc|+ tot+|mcn-
tc nov+ |m |cv+nt+mcnto scmc||+ntc |c+||z+do +|+ o c||odo cnt|c +,,o c +,,, ^ssumio
(.ooo) ,+ |+v|+ not+do uc s,,/ dos dcos|tos dc +tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s t|n|+m s|do |c+||z+dos
o| |nst|tu|ocs dc cns|no c csu|s+ ub||c+s d+ |cg|io udcstc
|od||go |+|+ & |c+ Vc||o
+so
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
Norte
21 (1,0%)
Sudeste
1.669 (79,5%)
Nordeste
104 (5,0%)
Centro-Oeste
46 (2,2%)
Sul
259 (12,3%)
|lgura ,. ||st||bu|io |cg|on+| d+s +tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s
|c +co|do com d+dos ub||c+dos c|+ |und+io dc ^m+|o |csu|s+ do |st+do dc io |+u-
|o - |+cs (|^||| .oo,) no c||odo cnt|c +,,s c .oo. + |cg|io udcstc ||dc|+v+ + |oduio
c|cnt|||c+ b|+s||c||+ mcd|d+ cm tc|mos do numc|o dc ub||c+ocs |ndcx+d+s n+ b+sc dc d+dos
c|cncc C|t+t|on |ndcx |x+ndcd (C||) c |oduz|d+ c|o |nst|tuto +|+ + |n|o|m+io C|cnt|||-
c+ (|nst|tutc |o| c|cnt|||c |n|o|m+t|on ||) |+|+ cv|t+| u+|uc| cu|voco n+ |nd|c+io dc um+
cvcntu+| co||c|+io u+ndo sc +n+||s+ + d|st||bu|io |cg|on+| d+s +tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s cnt|c
+,,s c .oo. ncn|um+ mud+n+ s|gn|||c+t|v+ odc sc| obsc|v+d+ cm |c|+io +o +no|+m+ m+|s
+b|+ngcntc (+,;o-.oo;) ^ss|m no c||odo cnt|c +,,s c .oo. ||c+ m+nt|d+ + ||dc|+n+ d+ |cg|io
udcstc c o |+n||ng dc os|ocs d+s dcm+|s |cg|ocs (u| |o|dcstc Ccnt|o-Ocstc c |o|tc)
O +c| dc dcst+uc uc + |cg|io udcstc ocu+ no vo|umc dc ub||c+ocs c +tcntcs +c+dc-
m|c+s dcco||c d||ct+mcntc d+ m+|o| conccnt|+io dc csu|s+do|cs |nvcst|mcntos ub||cos c
|nst|tu|ocs c|cnt|||c+s c tccno|og|c+s uc sc |oc+||z+m ncss+ |cg|io Como conscucnc|+ dcssc
dcscu|||b||o dcsdc o |n|c|o dcst+ dcc+d+ +|gum+s +gcnc|+s dc |omcnto govc|n+mcnt+|s (Con-
sc||o |+c|on+| dc |csu|s+ c |cscnvo|v|mcnto C|cnt|||co c ccno|og|co C|| Coo|dcn+io
dc ^c||c|o+mcnto dc |csso+| dc ||vc| uc||o| C+cs c ||n+nc|+do|+ dc |studos c ||o,ctos
||nc) tcm |m|cmcnt+do d||ct||zcs c o||t|c+s vo|t+d+s +|+ + dcsccnt|+||z+io d+ +t|v|d+dc
c|cnt|||c+ c tccno|og|c+ (|^||| .oo,)
^|nd+ no contcxto d+ o||t|c+ c|cnt|||c+ c tccno|og|c+ css+ conccnt|+io |cg|on+| tcm sc|v|do
como ,ust|||c+t|v+ +|+ uc |+,+ um+ d|st||bu|io d||c|cnc|+d+ dc |ccu|sos govc|n+mcnt+|s cm
|+vo| d+s |cg|ocs |o|tc |o|dcstc c Ccnt|o-Ocstc |c +co|do com o ^|t|go .; |nc|so | d+ |c| n
+o,;, dc o. dc dczcmb|o dc .oo| (|c| dc |nov+io ccno|og|c+ - ||) |+ um+ c|+|+ o||cnt+io
|+tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s no ||+s|| um+ +n+||sc sob|c
+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s c scus |nvcnto|cs
+s+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
dc uc sc dcvcm ||o||z+| +ocs uc v|scm dot+| + csu|s+ c o s|stcm+ |odut|vo |cg|on+| dc
um m+|o| numc|o dc |ccu|sos |um+nos c dc m+|o| c++c|t+io tccno|og|c+ n+s |cg|ocs mcnos
dcscnvo|v|d+s do +|s (||^|| .oo|) |css+ |o|m+ d+do o +no|+m+ m+|s |cccntc dc m+|o|
cnvo|v|mcnto d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s com o s|stcm+ dc |o||cd+dc |ndust||+| ,ust|||c+-sc +
|c+||z+io dc novos cstudos uc cont||bu+m +|+ um+ mc||o| com|ccnsio do tcm+ no con-
tcxto b|+s||c||o
|u|to cmbo|+ +s +n+||scs dc +b|+ngcnc|+ n+c|on+| sc,+m dcsc,+vc|s + scgund+ +|tc dcstc t|+-
b+||o c conduz|d+ com um cscoo m+|s |cst||to como um cstudo dc c+so |+|+ t+nto |o|+m
sc|cc|on+d+s c|nco un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s b|+s||c||+s tod+s |oc+||z+d+s no cst+do dc io |+u|o +
s+bc| + |n|vc|s|d+dc |st+du+| |+u||st+ |u||o dc |csu|t+ ||||o (|ncs) + |n|vc|s|d+dc |cdc|+|
dc io |+u|o (|n|s|cs) + |n|vc|s|d+dc |cdc|+| dc io C+||os (||C+|) + |n|vc|s|d+dc |st+du+|
dc C+m|n+s (|n|c+m) c + |n|vc|s|d+dc dc io |+u|o (||)
++
^ ,ust|||c+t|v+ +|+ + csco||+ dcs-
s+s un|vc|s|d+dcs dcco||c d+ os|io dc dcst+uc uc ocu+m no mb|to |cg|on+| c n+c|on+|
cscc|+|mcntc no +ccsso uc |+zcm +o s|stcm+ dc |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| cm busc+ dc |otcgc|
os |csu|t+dos dc su+s csu|s+s (,o/ dos dcos|tos |c+||z+dos no c||odo cstud+do)
|o cnt+nto +ntcs dc t|+t+| +s cscc|||c|d+dcs |c|+t|v+s +os d+dos d+s +tcntcs c dos |nvcnto|cs
uc comocm o cstudo dc c+so otou-sc o| +|cscnt+| n+ |ox|m+ scio um+ b|cvc c+|+c-
tc||z+io d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs csco|||d+s
3. Os contextos institucionais e a regulamentao de
propriedade intelectual nas universidades estudadas
12

3.1. Os contextos institucionais
|nt|c +s un|vc|s|d+dcs cstud+d+s + |n||cs c + || |o|+m +s ||mc||+s + sc|cm c||+d+s +mb+s n+
dcc+d+ dc ,o ^ |ncs su|g|u n+ dcc+d+ dc ,o + |n|c+m cm mc+dos d+ dcc+d+ dc eo c + ||C+|
m+|s nov+ uc +s dcm+|s |n|c|ou su+s +t|v|d+dcs +cn+s cm +,;o |nu+nto + m+|o||+ dc|+s tcvc
um+ +tu+io +c+dcm|c+ m+|s +b|+ngcntc d|st||bu|d+ o| v+||+s +|c+s do con|cc|mcnto + |n||cs
du|+ntc + m+|o| +|tc do tcmo c|m+ncccu dcd|c+d+ u+sc uc cxc|us|v+mcntc s +t|v|d+dcs
dc cns|no csu|s+ c cxtcnsio n+ +|c+ d+ s+udc |mbo|+ |o,c tod+s c|+s cstc,+m con||gu|+d+s o|
++ ^ |n|vc|s|d+dc |cdc|+| do ^|C (||^|C) |o| cxc|u|d+ d+ +n+||sc c|o |+to dc tc| s|do c||+d+ cm .oo, c conscucntcmcntc nio
tc| dcos|t+do u+|uc| documcnto dc +tcntc no |||| du|+ntc o c||odo cstud+do
+. ^s |ontcs dc |n|o|m+io ut|||z+d+s ncst+ scio , cncont|+m-sc dcv|d+mcntc +|cscnt+d+s n+ ||st+ dc b|b||og|++s consu|t+-
d+s scndo c|+s ||(+,ss .oo, .oos c .oo,) |||C^|| (+,,; c .oos) |||| (+,s, .oo; c .oos+) ||C+| (.oos+ c .oosb)
c |||||| (.ooo .oo. .oo, c .oos)
|od||go |+|+ & |c+ Vc||o
+s:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
|cdcs mu|t|c+m| dcst+c+-sc + +m||tudc gcog|+||c+ d+ |ncs cs+||+d+ cm ., c|d+dcs do |st+do
dc io |+u|o ^s dcm+|s un|vc|s|d+dcs cstud+d+s t+mbcm dcscnvo|vcm su+s +t|v|d+dcs cm m+|s
dc um+ c|d+dc m+s com um c|||| gcog|+||co m+|s conccnt|+do (sctc c|d+dcs no c+so d+ || c|n-
co c|d+dcs no c+so d+ |n||cs c t|cs c|d+dcs c+d+ nos c+sos d+ |n|c+m c d+ ||C+|)
O cont|ngcntc +c+dcm|co + || ||dc|+ o |+n||ng com cc|c+ dc ,|oo doccntcs c m+|s dc +,ooo
sc|v|do|cs uc +tcndcm cc|c+ dc ,|ooo +|unos dc g|+du+io c .,|oo +|unos dc os-g|+du+io
^s os|ocs |ntc|mcd|+||+s sio ocu+d+s c|+ |ncs (,,oo doccntcs esoo sc|v|do|cs ,,ooo
g|+du+ndos c ,soo os-g|+du+ndos) c c|+ |n|c+m (.+oo doccntcs ;soo sc|v|do|cs +;ooo
g|+du+ndos c +,.oo os-g|+du+ndos) |+ |n||cs c n+ ||C+| csscs numc|os sio bcm mcno-
|cs scndo c|cs |cscct|v+mcntc cc|c+ dc ;so c ;oo doccntcs ++,o c ;ooo +|unos dc g|+du+io
c .;so c .,oo +|unos dc os-g|+du+io
3.2. As regulamentaes de propriedade intelectual
|+s c|nco un|vc|s|d+dcs cstud+d+s + || c + |n|c+m |o|+m +s ||mc||+s + cst+bc|ccc| +|nd+ n+
dcc+d+ dc so +|gum t|o dc |cgu|+mcnt+io |ntc|n+ no uc sc |c|c|c |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+|
|o| no |n|c|o d+ dcc+d+ dc ,o m+|s cscc|||c+mcntc cm +,,+ uc + |ncs +g|u conc|ct+mcntc
ncssc scnt|do ^s ||mc||+s |cg|+s dc |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| d+ |n||cs c d+ ||C+| |o|+m cs-
t+bc|cc|d+s +cn+s + +|t|| dc .ooo c .oo, |cscct|v+mcntc
O con,unto dc d||ct||zcs uc |o|m+m o nuc|co d+ o||t|c+ dc |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| dc c+d+
un|vc|s|d+dc |c||ctc um +||+n,o cnt|c o contcxto +|t|cu|+| dc c+d+ |nst|tu|io c +s |cg|+s m+|s
gc|+|s uc + subo|d|n+m |csmo +ss|m +n+||s+ndo +s |cg|+s v|gcntcs dc c+d+ un|vc|s|d+dc c
oss|vc| cncont|+| +d|ocs no|m+t|vos uc sc m+n||cst+m nos c|nco c+sos |xcm|os dcsscs
+d|ocs no|m+t|vos sc||+m +) + |cv|sio dc uc o t|tu|o dc |o||cd+dc sob|c os |csu|t+dos d+s
su+s csu|s+s c|tcncc un|vc|s|d+dc ||gu|+ndo o csu|s+do| com |nvcnto| b) + |cv|sio dc
uc o |nvcnto| ou con,unto dc |nvcnto|cs sc,+ bcnc||c|+||o dc +|tc d+ |cmunc|+io c|ccb|d+
c|+ un|vc|s|d+dc c +dv|nd+ d+ cx|o|+io comc|c|+| do |nvcnto c c) + |cv|sio dc cot|tu|+||-
d+dc cnt|c + un|vc|s|d+dc c cvcntu+|s +|cc||os cxtc|nos (cm|cs+s out|+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ctc)
+||c+vc| sob|c |otcocs uc |csu|tcm dc |o,ctos cooc|+t|vos cnt|c out|os
|mo|t+ntc mcnc|on+| uc +s c|nco un|vc|s|d+dcs cstud+d+s c||+|+m su+ cst|utu|+s o|g+n|z+-
c|on+|s con|cc|d+s como |uc|co dc |nov+io ccno|og|c+ (||)
+,
gc|+|mcntc subo|d|n+d+s
+dm|n|st|+io ccnt|+| d+ un|vc|s|d+dc com +c| |nst|tuc|on+| dc gc||| su+s o||t|c+s dc |o||c-
d+dc |ntc|cctu+| t|+ns|c|cnc|+ dc tccno|og|+ c |nov+io Cc|t+mcntc os c|c|tos d+ |omu|g+io
+, ^|nd+ uc + cx|cssio ^gcnc|+ dc |nov+io t+mbcm sc,+ comumcntc ut|||z+d+ +|+ dcnom|n+| cssc t|o dc cst|utu|+ ncstc
t|+b+||o |c|c||mos us+| o tc|mo || con|o|mc dcn|do c|+ || (||^|| .oo|)
|+tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s no ||+s|| um+ +n+||sc sob|c
+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s c scus |nvcnto|cs
+s,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
d+ |c| dc |nov+io c do scu |cc|cto |cgu|+mcnt+do| cst|mu|+|+m sob|cm+nc||+ +s un|vc|s|d+-
dcs b|+s||c||+s + c||+|cm scus ||s
|c modo gc|+| obsc|v+-sc uc +s c|nco un|vc|s|d+dcs cstud+d+s +v+n+|+m s|gn|||c+t|v+mcntc
n+ |cgu|+mcnt+io d+ |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| +||c+vc| +os |csu|t+dos obt|dos c|+s su+s +t|v|-
d+dcs +c+dcm|c+s |mbo|+ um+ ou out|+ un|vc|s|d+dc oss+ cst+| dc|+s+d+ n+ +tu+||z+io d+s
su+s |cg|+s + m+|o||+ dc|+s dcmonst|ou tc| +dcu+do scus |occd|mcntos |ntc|nos s dcm+n-
d+s +|cscnt+d+s c|+ su+ comun|d+dc +c+dcm|c+ c c|+ |cg|s|+io v|gcntc
4. A coleta de dados sobre as patentes acadmicas
4.1. Fontes e sistematizao dos dados
Os d+dos uc comocm + b+sc dcstc t|+b+||o c|+ss|||c+m-sc cm do|s d||c|cntcs g|uos +) d+dos
sob|c os documcntos dc +tcntc c b) d+dos sob|c os |nvcnto|cs (doccntcs) |o ||mc||o c+so
+|+ c|m|t|| + su+ vc||||c+io c com|cmcnt+||d+dc os d+dos |o|+m co|ct+dos d||ct+mcntc
nos ||s (ou o|gio cu|v+|cntc) dc c+d+ un|vc|s|d+dc cstud+d+ tcndo s|do vc||||c+dos ,unto
b+sc dc +tcntcs do |n| (|||| .oo,)
+|
ob|c +s +tcntcs dc c+d+ um+ d+s c|nco un|vc|s|d+dcs
(dcnom|n+d+ b+sc ||m+||+) os scgu|ntcs d+dos |o|+m co|ct+dos +) numc|o do documcnto
(|+tcntc dc |nvcnio |odc|o dc |t|||d+dc ou Cc|t|||c+do dc ^d|io) b) d+t+ do dcos|to c)
nomc dos t|tu|+|cs d) t|tu|o do documcnto c) nomc dos |nvcnto|cs |) |nd|c+io do ||nc|+|
|nvcnto| (|nd|c+io c|o ||) g) C|+ss|||c+io |ntc|n+c|on+| dc |+tcntcs (|+vcndo m+|s dc um+
c|+ss|||c+io |o| cons|dc|+d+ +cn+s + ||mc||+ |nd|c+io) |) numc|o d+ cxtcnsio ou dcos|to
no cxtc||o| (sc |ouvc) c ,) ||ccnc|+mcnto (sc |ouvc)
^ +|t|| dos nomcs dos |nvcnto|cs |dcnt|||c+dos d+ b+sc ||m+||+ |o| const|u|d+ um+ nov+ b+sc
dc d+dos (dcnom|n+d+ b+sc sccund+||+) + +|t|| do cu|||cu|o |+ttcs dc c+d+ doccntc |nvcnto|
|o|t+nto os d+dos d+ b+sc |o|+m cxt|+|dos d||ct+mcntc d+ |+t+|o|m+ |+ttcs do Consc||o |+-
c|on+| dc |cscnvo|v|mcnto C|cnt|||co c ccno|og|co (C||)
+,
|o scnt|do dc nio cxt|+o|+| o
vo|umc dc d+dos co|ct+dos c tcnt+| m+ntc| + |omogcnc|d+dc n+ +n+||sc cstc cstudo cons|dc-
|ou como |nvcnto|cs +cn+s os csu|s+do|cs (doccntcs) |o|m+|mcntc v|ncu|+dos s su+s un|-
vc|s|d+dcs scndo dcscons|dc|+dos os d+dos |c|+t|vos +os +|unos dc u+|uc| n|vc| (g|+du+io
mcst|+do douto|+do ou os-douto|+do) ou +|nd+ dos sc|v|do|cs tccn|cos c +dm|n|st|+t|vos ^
+| |mbo|+ + co|ct+ dos d+dos dcstc t|+b+||o tcn|+ s|do |n|c|+d+ cm mc+dos dc .oos +|gum+s vc||c+ocs n+|s cscc|+|mcntc
+ |csc|tos d+s C|+ss|c+ocs |ntc|n+c|on+|s sc cstcndc|+m +tc novcmb|o dc .oo,
+, ||son|vc| cm |tt;;|+ttcscnb|;.
|od||go |+|+ & |c+ Vc||o
+s
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
+|t|| dcss+ oio mctodo|og|c+ + ||mc||+ +t|v|d+dc cxccut+d+ du|+ntc + c|+bo|+io d+ b+sc
sccund+||+ |o| con|||m+| c|o Cu|||cu|o |+ttcs o v|ncu|o |nst|tuc|on+| do |nvcnto| como doccntc
d+ su+ |cscct|v+ un|vc|s|d+dc ^ +|t|| dcss+ con|||m+io |n|c|+| os scgu|ntcs d+dos |o|+m co|c-
t+dos +) cnu+d|+mcnto |unc|on+| como doccntc (t|tu|+| +d,unto +ssoc|+do ctc)
+e
b) |o|m+io
+c+dcm|c+ (||v|c-doccnc|+ os-douto|+do c douto|+do) c) o||cnt+ocs conc|u|d+s (suc|v|sio
dc os-douto|+do douto|+do c mcst|+do) d) bo|s|st+ ||odut|v|d+dc do C|| (mod+||d+dc c
n|vc| d+ bo|s+) c o| ||m c) ||dc|+n+ dc g|uo dc csu|s+ odos os d+dos |o|+m +|m+zcn+dos
cm t+bc|+s c|m|t|ndo su+ s|stcm+t|z+io o|g+n|z+io t|+t+mcnto c +n+||sc
4.2. Limitaes dos dados
|mbo|+ o con,unto dc un|vc|s|d+dcs |o|m+do c|+ |ncs |n||cs ||sc+| |n|c+m c ||
+|cscntc dcos|tos dc documcntos dc +tcntc dcsdc + dcc+d+ dc +,so +cn+s os documcn-
tos dcos|t+dos cnt|c os +nos dc .ooo c .oo; comocm + b+sc ||m+||+ dcstc cstudo ||oto
^ dcc|sio o| |cst||ng|| o c||odo +n+||s+do (.ooo-.oo;) |cvou cm cons|dc|+io s|mu|t+nc+-
mcntc + tcnt+t|v+ dc m+x|m|z+| o c||odo dc +n+||sc |ct|o+t|v+mcntc + +|t|| do momcnto
+tu+| c + d|son|b|||d+dc dos d+dos sob|c +s +tcntcs c sob|c os |nvcnto|cs ^ dc||n|io do
+no .ooo como ||m|tc tcmo|+| +|+ + co|ct+ dc d+dos c ,ust|||c+d+ c|+ d|||cu|d+dc c|csccntc
dc sc |ccuc|+| d+dos m+|s +nt|gos c uc nio t|vcsscm |cccb|do t|+t+mcnto s|stcm+t|co +|+
o scu +|m+zcn+mcnto ^|cm d|sso du|+ntc o |n|c|o d+ const|uio d+ b+sc ||m+||+ +|gum+s
|cst||ocs |o|+m obsc|v+d+s n+ obtcnio dos d+dos sob|c os documcntos dc +tcntcs uc
+|nd+ sc cncont|+v+m sob s|g||o V+|c |cmb|+| uc dc +co|do com + |c| dc ||o||cd+dc |ndus-
t||+| (|||) os documcntos dc +tcntc dcos|t+dos |+ mcnos dc +s mcscs do momcnto +tu+|
tcm su+s |n|o|m+ocs m+nt|d+s cm s|g||o c|o |n| cxccto nos c+sos cm uc o(s) t|tu|+|(cs)
so||c|tcm + ub||c+io +ntcc|+d+
+;

Cons|dc|+ndo uc ncm todos os d+dos sob|c +s +tcntcs dcos|t+d+s |o|+m |o|ncc|dos c|os
||s ou d|son|b|||z+dos c|o |||| +|gum+s +n+||scs +|nd+ sc cncont|+m cm +nd+mcnto |stc c
o c+so d+ C|+ss|||c+io |ntc|n+c|on+| dc |+tcntcs |u|to cmbo|+ os documcntos uc comocm
+ b+sc ||m+||+ ,+ tcn|+m suc|+do o c||odo dc s|g||o +|ccc |+vc| +|gum +t|+so do |||| cm
ub||c+| o dcs+c|o ,+ uc t|+z |n|o|m+ocs sob|c + C|+ss|||c+io |ntc|n+c|on+|
+e ^s c+tcgo||+s dc cnu+d|+mcnto |unc|on+| dcco||cm do |cg|mc dc cont|+t+io dc sc|v|do| ub||co scndo cvcntu+|mcntc
d|st|nt+s cnt|c + cs|c|+ |cdc|+| c cst+du+|
+; ^|t ,o d+ ||| - O cd|do dc +tcntc sc|+ m+nt|do cm s|g||o du|+ntc +s mcscs cont+dos d+ d+t+ dc dcos|to ou d+ ||o||d+dc
m+|s +nt|g+ u+ndo |ouvc| +os o uc sc|+ ub||c+do cxccio do c+so |cv|sto no +|t ;, ^|t ,o ,+ d+ ||| - ^ ub||c+io
do cd|do odc|+ sc| +ntcc|+d+ + |cuc||mcnto do dcos|t+ntc (||^|| +,,e)
|+tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s no ||+s|| um+ +n+||sc sob|c
+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s c scus |nvcnto|cs
+s,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
5. Apresentao e anlise dos dados
5.1. Evoluo dos depsitos
^ +|t|| dos d+dos sob|c os documcntos dc +tcntc d+ |ncs |n||cs ||C+| |n|c+m c ||
|o| oss|vc| obsc|v+| + cvo|uio dos dcos|tos |c|tos o| c+d+ un|vc|s|d+dc +o |ongo do tcmo
,unto +o |n| |+s c|nco un|vc|s|d+dcs + |ncs |o| + ||mc||+ + dcos|t+| um documcnto dc +-
tcntc no +no dc +,so ^ |n|c+m c + un|vc|s|d+dc uc +cumu|+ o m+|o| numc|o dc dcos|tos
du|+ntc todo o c||odo tcndo +|c+n+do +tc o ||n+| dc .oo; + m+|c+ dc ,.; documcntos scgu|-
d+ c|+ || com ,,+ dcos|tos |ncs ||C+| c |n||cs +cumu|+m |cscct|v+mcntc ;, ,e c
,. documcntos dcos|t+dos +tc o ||n+| dc .oo;
|nt|ct+nto como d|to +ntc||o|mcntc +s dcc+d+s dc +,;o c +,so +|cscnt+m um vo|umc dc dc-
os|tos dc +tcntc |c|+t|v+mcntc b+|xo c dcscont|nuo |c modo gc|+| +cn+s + +|t|| do +no dc
+,,; o vo|umc dc dcos|tos comc+ + +umcnt+| c|m|t|ndo obsc|v+| um+ tcndcnc|+ dc c|csc|-
mcnto m+|s |onunc|+d+ + +|t|| dc .oo. con|o|mc ||ust|+ + ||gu|+ | (.ooo-.oo;)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
UNIFESP
UNICAMP
UNESP
UFSCar
USP
Tempo (Anos)
D
o
c
u
m
e
n
t
o
s

D
e
p
o
s
i
t
a
d
o
s
|lgura . |vo|uio dos dcos|tos dos documcntos dc +tcntc cnt|c .ooo c .oo;
^ss|m como no c+so gc|+| o |occsso dc c|csc|mcnto no numc|o dc documcntos dc +tcntcs +
+|t|| dc +,,; |c||ctc v+||os +scctos t+|s como +) os ||mc||os +nos dc v|gcnc|+ d+s |cgu|+mcn-
|od||go |+|+ & |c+ Vc||o
+so
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
t+ocs dc |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| n+s un|vc|s|d+dcs b) + c||+io c o |n|c|o dc |unc|on+mcnto d+s
||mc||+s cst|utu|+s dc +o|o |nst|tuc|on+| c c) + mud+n+ dc como|t+mcnto d+ comun|d+dc
+c+dcm|c+ cscc|+|mcntc n+s +|c+s dc c|cnc|+s cx+t+s c tccno|og|c+s +|+ + oss|b|||d+dc dc
|otcio dos |csu|t+dos d+s su+s csu|s+s
|o cnt+nto um +sccto +d|c|on+| dcvc sc| cons|dc|+do ^nu+|mcntc dcsdc +,,s o |ncont|o dc
||o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| c Comc|c|+||z+io dc ccno|og|+ o|g+n|z+do c|+ |cdc dc ||o||cd+dc
|ntc|cctu+| c Cooc|+io |cgoc|+io c Comc|c|+||z+io dc ccno|og|+ (||||C) |cunc csso+s
|nst|tu|ocs cxc||cnc|+s |c|+tos c dcm+nd+s |c|+c|on+d+s +o tcm+ Cons|dc|+ndo uc o cncon-
t|o |cun|u n+s su+s v+||+s cd|ocs |c|cscnt+ntcs dc |numc|+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s b|+s||c||+s
cc|t+mcntc cont||bu|u +|+ o +m+du|cc|mcnto do tcm+ no mb|to +c+dcm|co c +|+ o m+|o|
+ccsso dcss+s un|vc|s|d+dcs +o s|stcm+ dc |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+|
Como conscucnc|+ dos cncont|os o|g+n|z+dos c|+ ||||C su|g|u cm .ooe o |o|um |+c|o-
n+| dc Ccsto|cs dc |nov+io c |+ns|c|cnc|+ dc ccno|og|+ (|o|tcc) C||+do como um o|gio dc
|c|cscnt+io dos |csons+vc|s n+s un|vc|s|d+dcs c |nst|tutos dc csu|s+ c|o gc|cnc|+mcnto
d+s o||t|c+s dc |nov+io c d+s +t|v|d+dcs |c|+c|on+d+s |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| c t|+ns|c|cnc|+
dc tccno|og|+ dcscmcn|+ +c| scmc||+ntc ^|| nos ||^ ^ c||+io do |o|tcc |csu|t+ dc
um cs|o|o |ntcg|+do d+s |nst|tu|ocs |oduto|+s dc con|cc|mcnto b|+s||c||+s uc busc+v+m
const|tu|| um+ |nstnc|+ |cg|t|m+ c |c|cscnt+t|v+ dc scus |ntc|csscs c uc t+mbcm c|m|t|ssc +
c++c|t+io dc |o||ss|on+|s c t|oc+ dc cxc||cnc|+s sob|c o tcm+ (|O||C .oo,)
|c u+|uc| modo o||+ndo +|+ o g|+||co d+ ||gu|+ | ||c+ cv|dcntc + |cscn+ dc v+||+ocs
no numc|o dc dcos|tos +o |ongo dos +nos m+|s |cccntcs ^|gum+s ||otcscs odcm +,ud+| +
cx||c+| csscs dcsv|os scndo c|+s +) tccno|og|+s +t+s +|+ sc|cm |otcg|d+s c uc c|m+nccc-
|+m |c|cs+d+s o| +uscnc|+ dc um s|stcm+ dc +o|o |nst|tuc|on+| odcm |csu|t+| cm |cos dc
dcos|tos nos +nos subscucntcs c b) + n+tu|cz+ do |occss+mcnto d+ |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+|
dcnt|o d+ un|vc|s|d+dc |nc|u|ndo + d|son|b|||d+dc dc |ccu|sos ||n+ncc||os |+zos m+tu||d+dc
do |nvcnto u+nt|d+dc c com|cx|d+dc d+s cx|gcnc|+s |o|mu|+d+s c|+ cu|c dos ||s odc
tc| |m+cto d||cto no numc|o dc dcos|tos |c+||z+dos o| +no
^ +|t|| dc convc|s+s |n|o|m+|s com mcmb|os dos ||s dc +|gum+s d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs cstud+-
d+s |o| oss|vc| c|ccbc| uc +s ||otcscs +ntc||o|cs ossucm v+||d+dc O m+|o| vo|umc dc do-
cumcntos dcos|t+dos c|+ ||C+| cm .oo, c|+ |ncs cm .oo; c c|+ || cm .oo; |c||ctc
+ cx|stcnc|+ dc tccno|og|+s uc sc cncont|+v+m |c|cs+d+s scm |otcio c uc |o|+m cnc+m|-
n|+d+s + +|t|| do momcnto cm uc cst|utu|+s dc +o|o |nst|tuc|on+|s +ss+|+m + t|+t+| s|stc-
m+t|c+mcntc os cd|dos
|+tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s no ||+s|| um+ +n+||sc sob|c
+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s c scus |nvcnto|cs
+s)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
5.2. Titularidade
^ t|tu|+||d+dc d+s +tcntcs dcos|t+d+s c|+s un|vc|s|d+dcs no c||odo cnt|c .ooo c .oo; |c||ctc
um+ +|tc dos cvcntu+|s +co|dos |nst|tuc|on+|s cst+bc|cc|dos com +|cc||os cxtc|nos n+ condu-
io dc +t|v|d+dcs dc csu|s+ com +||c+io |ndust||+| ^|nd+ uc nio sc,+ oss|vc| |n|c||| cst+-
t|st|c+s dc||n|t|v+s + +|t|| d+ obsc|v+io d+ t|tu|+||d+dc + su+ dcsc||io +,ud+ + c+|+ctc||z+| o
con,unto d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs +n+||s+d+s
|+s c|nco un|vc|s|d+dcs + ||C+| c |n||cs +|cscnt+m + m+|o| |oo|io dc documcntos
dcos|t+dos cm |cg|mc dc cot|tu|+||d+dc |+ ||C+| dos |, cd|dos dcos|t+dos ., (e||/) |o-
|+m com+|t|||+dos com out|+s |nst|tu|ocs scndo oe (+,,/) com cm|cs+s ||v+d+s |o c+so
d+ |n||cs do tot+| dc .s dcos|tos +; (eo;/) |o|+m cm cot|tu|+||d+dc scndo o| (+|,/) com
cm|cs+s ||v+d+s |nt|c os +|cc||os cot|tu|+|cs +|cm dc cm|cs+s ||v+d+s cncont|+-sc um+
cm|cs+ ub||c+ (|m|cs+ ||+s||c||+ dc |csu|s+ ^g|occu+||+ |mb|++) +|gum+s un|vc|s|-
d+dcs c |nst|tutos dc csu|s+ b|+s||c||os c cst|+ngc||os c +gcnc|+s dc |omcnto como + |+cs
|m scgundo |ug+| ++|ccc + || com um+ |oo|io |ntc|mcd|+||+ dc documcntos dcos|t+-
dos cm |cg|mc dc cot|tu|+||d+dc |os .eo cd|dos dcos|t+dos c|+ || no c||odo cnt|c .ooo
c .oo; +os (|+,/) |o|+m com+|t|||+dos com out|+s |nst|tu|ocs scndo +, (,s/) com cm|c-
s+s ||v+d+s Os dcm+|s cot|tu|+|cs sio b+st+ntc +|cc|dos com os c+sos d+ ||C+| c |n||cs
|cst+uc nov+mcntc +|+ + |cscn+ d+ |+cs uc ++|ccc cm ;, (,o|/) dcos|tos
|||| c |n|c+m sio +s un|vc|s|d+dcs uc +|cscnt+|+m + mcno| |oo|io dc dcos|tos cm
cot|tu|+||d+dc |o c+so d+ |ncs dos e+ documcntos dcos|t+dos +cn+s +| (.,o/) |o|+m cm
cot|tu|+||d+dc scndo +cn+s + (+e/) com cm|cs+ ||v+d+ ^ss|m como nos c+sos +ntc||o|cs +
|+cs c ||nc|+| cot|tu|+| ++|cccndo cm oe (.,/) dcos|tos |+ |n|c+m css+ |oo|io dc
cot|tu|+||d+dc |o| + mcno| cm com+|+io s dcm+|s un|vc|s|d+dcs |os ,,| dcos|tos ,; (+|/)
|o|+m cm cot|tu|+||d+dc scndo + un|c+ un|vc|s|d+dc cm uc + +|t|c|+io d+s cm|cs+s ||v+-
d+s (.e ee/) suc|ou + +|t|c|+io d+ |+cs (s .o/) como cot|tu|+|
O g|+||co do t|o |+d+| +|cscnt+do n+ ||gu|+ , most|+ +s d||c|cntcs |oo|ocs dc cot|tu|+||d+-
dc dos documcntos dc +tcntc dcos|t+dos c|+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s no c||odo
cnt|c .ooo c .oo;
^ s|gn|||c+t|v+ |cscn+ d+ |+cs como cot|tu|+| cscc|+|mcntc nos c+sos d+ ||C+| |n||cs
c || mc|ccc um b|cvc comcnt+||o |csdc o +no .ooo + |+cs o| mc|o do scu |uc|co dc
|+tcntc+mcnto c ||ccnc|+mcnto dc ccno|og|+ (|u||tcc) conccdc +ux|||o ||n+ncc||o mcd|+ntc
+n+||sc c +|ov+io dos scus +sscsso|cs +|+ + |otcio dos |csu|t+dos dc csu|s+ uc t|vc|cm
s|do obt|dos com ||n+nc|+mcnto d+ |und+io |csscs c+sos o dcos|to c |c|to cm |cg|mc dc co-
t|tu|+||d+dc cnt|c + |+cs c + un|vc|s|d+dc cm uc o csu|s+do| outo|g+do cst|vc| v|ncu|+do
|od||go |+|+ & |c+ Vc||o
+ss
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
|css+ |o|m+ du+s |o|+s cooc|+m +|+ uc + |cscn+ d+ |+cs como cot|tu|+| dos |nvcn-
tos +c+dcm|cos sc,+ not+d+ ^ ||mc||+ dc|+s |c|c|c-sc +o contcxto d+s |c|+ocs |nst|tuc|on+|s
cst+bc|cc|d+s cnt|c + |+cs c +s un|vc|s|d+dcs uc sc oc|+c|on+||z+ no momcnto cm uc o
csu|s+do| +c+dcm|co +ss|n+ o tc|mo dc outo|g+ +|+ + conccssio do |ccu|so +|ov+do c +s-
sumc +ss|m +s |cg|+s cnt|c +s +|tcs ^ out|+ |o|+ sc||+ + |+c|on+||z+io do uso dos |ccu|sos
||n+ncc||os d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs dcd|c+dos +o g+sto com + |otcio c comc|c|+||z+io d+ su+
|o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+|
+s

UNICAMP
USP
UNESP UFSCar
UNIFESP
61%
62%
14%
42%
23%
|lgura ,. ||oo|ocs dc cot|tu|+||d+dc nos documcntos dcos|t+dos (.ooo-.oo;)
Cons|dc|+ndo + d|son|b|||d+dc do |ccu|so d+ |+cs +s un|vc|s|d+dcs dcsonc|+m scus g+stos
com + |otcio uc oco||c cm |cg|mc dc cot|tu|+||d+dc com + |und+io odcndo dcst|n+| t+|s
|ccu|sos +|+ os c+sos cm uc + |otcio |o| +cn+s cm nomc d+ |o||+ un|vc|s|d+dc
5.3. Subdomnios tecnolgicos (OST)
^ +n+||sc d+s +tcntcs dcos|t+d+s o| +|c+ tccno|og|c+ ut|||zou o +|go||tmo c|+bo|+do c|o
Obsc|v+to||o dc C|cnc|+s c ccn|c+s (Obsc|v+to||c dcs c|cnccs c dcs cc|n|ucs O) (O
+s |mbo|+ cst+ sc,+ um+ ||otcsc + sc| vc||c+d+ +c|cd|t+-sc uc + m+|o||+ d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs +|nd+ nio ossu| um+ +|cc|+ do
o|+mcnto dcs|gn+d+ cscc|c+mcntc +|+ +s +t|v|d+dcs dc |otcio c comc|c|+||z+io d+ su+ |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| |c
+co|do com o ^|t +, do |cc|cto ,,e,;.oo, +s un|vc|s|d+dcs n+ c|+bo|+io c cxccuio dos scus o|+mcntos dcvcm +dot+|
mcd|d+s c+b|vc|s +|+ + +dm|n|st|+io c gcstio d+ su+ o||t|c+ dc |nov+io no scnt|do dc c|m|t|| o |cccb|mcnto dc |ccc|t+s c
o +g+mcnto dc v+||+s dcscs+s dcnt|c +s u+|s +uc|+s cnvo|v|d+s n+ |otcio d+ su+ |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| (||^|| .oo,)
|+tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s no ||+s|| um+ +n+||sc sob|c
+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s c scus |nvcnto|cs
+s,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
.oos)
+,
como |o|m+ dc |cduz|| +s d|sto|ocs c+us+d+s c|os cxccssos dc +g|u+mcnto ou dct+-
||+mcnto |cscntcs n+ C|+ss|||c+io |ntc|n+c|on+| dc |+tcntcs (C||)
.o

|cnt|c +s c|nco un|vc|s|d+dcs cstud+d+s cm m+|o| |o|und|d+dc + || c + |n|c+m |o|+m +s

uc +|cscnt+|+m m+|o| +b|+ngcnc|+ c d|vc|s|d+dc tccno|og|c+ |os do|s c+sos os documcntos
dc +tcntc dcos|t+dos cob||+m |+t|c+mcntc todos os ,o subdom|n|os tccno|og|cos d|so-
n|vc|s ^|nd+ no c+so d+ || c d+ |n|c+m os t|cs subdom|n|os tccno|og|cos m+|s cv|dcntcs
|o|+m |+|m+ccut|cos-cosmct|cos b|otccno|og|+ c +n+||sc-mcnsu|+io-cont|o|c ||C+| c
|ncs cncont|+m-sc cm os|io |ntc|mcd|+||+ com um n|vc| dc d|vc|s|d+dc tccno|og|c+ um
ouco mcno| m+s com documcntos dcos|t+dos cm c|o mcnos +, dos ,o subdom|n|os tcc-
no|og|cos |o c+so d+ ||C+| dcst+c+m-sc os subdom|n|os m+tc||+|s-mct+|u|g|+ c t|+b+||o
com m+tc||+|s uc ,untos |c|cscnt+m cc|c+ dc ,+./ do con,unto dc +tcntcs dcos|t+d+s |c
|+to o m+|o| cnvo|v|mcnto com os subdom|n|os m+tc||+|s-mct+|u|g|+ c t|+b+||o com m+tc-
||+|s |c||ctc + voc+io d+ ||C+| no c+mo d+s c|cnc|+s cx+t+s c tccno|og|c+s dcnt|c +s u+|s sc
dcst+c+ + |ngcn|+||+ dc |+tc||+|s |o| ||m + |n||cs +|cscnt+ c|cv+d+ conccnt|+io (s.+/) dc
su+s +tcntcs nos scgu|ntcs subdom|n|os tccno|og|cos |+|m+ccut|cos-cosmct|cos cngcn|+||+
mcd|c+ c b|otccno|og|+
5.4. Depsitos no exterior
^ +|t|| d+s |n|o|m+ocs o|c|cc|d+s c|os ||s d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs csu|s+d+s vc||||c+-sc uc
um+ +|cc|+ mu|to cucn+ dc documcntos dc +tcntc |o| dcos|t+d+ no cxtc||o| ou mcsmo
cstcnd|d+ o| mc|o do |+t+do dc Cooc|+io cm |+tcntcs (|+tcnt Cooc|+t|on |c+ty |C)
|+s c|nco un|vc|s|d+dcs cstud+d+s + ||C+| |c+||zou o m+|o| numc|o dc dcos|tos nos cxtc||o|
sc|s no tot+| conccnt|+d+s cnt|c os +nos dc .oo. c .oo| |m scgu|d+ ++|ccc + |n|c+m com
c|nco dcos|tos no cxtc||o| |u|+ntc .ooo c .oo; |n||cs c |ncs dcos|t+|+m no cxtc||o| u+-
t|o documcntos c+d+ |o| ||m + || ++|ccc com +cn+s do|s dcos|tos |o|+ do ||+s||
|cstc onto v+|c csc|+|ccc| uc o |occsso dc dcos|to dc um documcnto dc +tcntc no cx-
tc||o| cnvo|vc custos s|gn|||c+t|v+mcntc m+|o|cs do uc +uc|cs |c+||z+dos +|+ + |otcio cx-
c|us|v+mcntc no ||+s|| Cc|+|mcntc t+|s custos cstio +ssoc|+dos +o +g+mcnto dc |cd+io t|+-
duocs cx|gcnc|+s dc cx+mc |ono|+||os dc co||csondcntcs cst|+ngc||os c t+x+s |css+ |o|m+
+ dcc|sio dc dcos|t+| um documcnto |o|+ do ||+s|| ou +|nd+ |omovc| + cxtcnsio dc um do-
+, |cstc t|+b+||o ut|||z+mos + vc|sio m+|s |cccntc do +|go||tmo dc dom|n|os tccno|og|cos do O (O .oos) |css+ nov+ vc|-
sio do +|go||tmo um novo dom|n|o tccno|og|co |o| |nc|u|do c +|guns subdom|n|os |o|+m |c+|oc+dos
.o |n|c||zmcntc +tc o momcnto d+ conc|usio dcstc +|t|go c|nco documcntos dc +tcntc dcos|t+dos c|+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||-
c+s +u||st+s +|nd+ sc cncont|+v+m cm s|g||o no |||| |o| css+ |+zio csscs documcntos dc +tcntc |o|+m cxc|u|dos d+ +n+||sc
dc subdom|n|os tccno|og|cos
|od||go |+|+ & |c+ Vc||o
+,o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
cumcnto dcos|t+do no |n| cst+ |nv+||+vc|mcntc +ssoc|+d+ +o otcnc|+| dc comc|c|+||z+io d+
tccno|og|+ ou +|t|c|+io dc um+ cm|cs+ como cot|tu|+|
5.5. Licenciamentos
^ +n+||sc dos d+dos |c|+t|vos +o ||ccnc|+mcnto d+s +tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s c|m|tc dcscnvo|vc|
du+s |c||cxocs com|cmcnt+|cs ^ ||mc||+ dc|+s cons|dc|+ cm cc|t+ mcd|d+ + c++c|d+dc do
|| cm comc|c|+||z+| +s tccno|og|+s uc sc cncont|+m d|sos|io +|+ o ||ccnc|+mcnto ^ ou-
t|+ |c||cxio |cs|dc cm tcnt+| +v+||+| + c++c|d+dc d+ +c+dcm|+ cm gc|+| tccno|og|+s uc dc |+to
sc,+m do |ntc|cssc d+ soc|cd+dc o| mc|o d+ su+ +||c+io nos sc|v|os c |odutos uc sio o|c-
|cc|dos c|+s cm|cs+s +o mc|c+do |c modo gc|+| um+ m+|o| |oo|io dc ||ccnc|+mcntos
cm |c|+io +o vo|umc dc +tcntcs dcos|t+d+s dcvc |nd|c+| m+|o| c++c|d+dc d+ un|vc|s|d+dc
cm gc|+| c comc|c|+||z+| os |csu|t+dos uc +|cscntcm +||c+io |ndust||+|
|o c+so d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs +n+||s+d+s ncstc cstudo dc c+so o dcst+uc ||c+ o| cont+ d+ |n|-
c+m c d+ ||C+| |os ,,| documcntos dcos|t+dos c|+ |n|c+m cnt|c .ooo c .oo; .e (ee/)
|+v|+m s|do ||ccnc|+dos +tc o ||n+| dc .oo; |m+ |oo|io um ouco m+|o| oco||c no c+so d+
||C+| uc tcvc |, documcntos dcos|t+dos cnt|c .ooo c .oo; sc|s dos u+|s (+,,/) ,+ |+v|+m
s|do ||ccnc|+dos +tc o ||n+| dc .oo; ^s dcm+|s un|vc|s|d+dcs (|| |ncs c |n||cs) nio +|cscn-
t+|+m documcntos ||ccnc|+dos
.+
+|+ o c||odo cstud+do
V+|c d|zc| uc + cx|o|+io comc|c|+| d+s +tcntcs d+ |ncs c d+ |n||cs nio tcm oco|||do
o| mc|o dc cont|+tos dc ||ccnc|+mcnto t|+d|c|on+|s |c +co|do com o |c|cscnt+ntc do ||
d+ |ncs (|||| .oosb) o |occsso dc t|+ns|c|cnc|+ c + cx|o|+io comc|c|+| d+s tccno|og|+s
dcscnvo|v|d+s c |otcg|d+s tcm s|do cxccut+dos o| mc|o dc cont|+tos dc +|cc||+ +|+ o dc-
scnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co Como |csu|t+do dcssc |occsso + un|vc|s|d+dc csc|+ uc sc,+m dc-
os|t+d+s +tcntcs cm cot|tu|+||d+dc com os scus |cscct|vos +|cc||os |o momcnto scgu|ntc
ou sc,+ d+ cx|o|+io comc|c|+| c+d+ +|tc sc||+ |oo|c|on+|mcntc |cmunc|+d+ c|+s dcm+|s
ou o| tc|cc||os mcd|+ntc o uso d+ tccno|og|+ |otcg|d+
Cons|dc|+ndo uc +s c|nco un|vc|s|d+dcs +n+||s+d+s tcm cond|ocs dc sc m+ntc| +tcnt+s s dc-
m+nd+s d+ soc|cd+dc c uc +|tc dos |csu|t+dos +|c+n+dos c|+s su+s csu|s+s cncont|+m
+||c+io |ndust||+| c|m+nccc + c|ccio dc uc +s +ocs vo|t+d+s +|+ + comc|c|+||z+io
d+s tccno|og|+s dcscnvo|v|d+s c|+ || |ncs c |n||cs +|nd+ odcm sc| m+|s bcm cx|o|+d+s
c|+s un|vc|s|d+dcs
.+ |c +co|do com C+|n|c+ (.oo;) cmbo|+ + |n||cs vcn|+ obtcndo dcsdc .ooo +|gum+ |ccc|t+ (|oy+|t|cs) com o ||ccnc|+mcnto
dc so|tw+|cs c d||c|tos +uto|+|s ncn|um+ d+s +tcntcs dcos|t+d+s |+v|+ s|do ||ccnc|+d+
|+tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s no ||+s|| um+ +n+||sc sob|c
+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s c scus |nvcnto|cs
+,+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
|c |+to +c|cd|t+-sc uc + com|cx|d+dc d+ +n+||sc do vo|umc dc ||ccnc|+mcntos cxccut+dos
c|+s un|vc|s|d+dcs cxt|+o|+ + s|m|cs +v+||+io dc dcscmcn|o dos ||s cm comc|c|+||z+| +s
tccno|og|+s |otcg|d+s c|+s su+s un|vc|s|d+dcs |cssc scnt|do c|o mcnos du+s ||otcscs |ntc|-
|c|+c|on+d+s dcvcm sc| cons|dc|+d+s nos cstudos uc sc |oon|+m +|o|und+| + +n+||sc sob|c
o +ssunto ^ ||mc||+ ||otcsc sc||+ + cx|stcnc|+ dc um cc|to g|+u dc dcsconcxio cnt|c os ob,c-
tos d+s tccno|og|+s dcos|t+d+s como +tcntcs c|+s un|vc|s|d+dcs c os |ntc|csscs d+s cm|cs+s
cm cx|o|+| t+|s tccno|og|+s ^ obsc|v+io do b+|xo n|vc| dc cot|tu|+||d+dc cnt|c un|vc|s|d+dcs
c cm|cs+s sc||+ um+ cv|dcnc|+ dc uc os |csu|t+dos cnc+m|n|+dos +|+ |otcio dcco||cm cx-
c|us|v+mcntc d+s csu|s+s +c+dcm|c+s scm + dcsc,+d+ o||cnt+io comc|c|+| cm busc+ dc +tcn-
dc| dcm+nd+ do mc|c+do ^ scgund+ ||otcsc +dvcm do b+|xo |ntc|cssc dcmonst|+do c|+s
cm|cs+s b|+s||c||+s cnu+nto +gcntcs |csons+vc|s c|+ |omoio d+ |nov+io tccno|og|c+ no
+|s cm +bso|vc| +s tccno|og|+s dcscnvo|v|d+s c|+s un|vc|s|d+dcs |ss+ scgund+ ||otcsc cn-
cont|+ co||csondcnc|+ com os d+dos d+ |csu|s+ dc |nov+io ccno|og|c+ .oo, (||||C .oo,)
u+ndo |nd|c+ uc +s cm|cs+s b|+s||c||+s dcm+nd+m mu|to ouco do con|cc|mcnto |oduz|-
do |oc+|mcntc |c +co|do com d+dos d+ ||ntcc .oo, + +t|v|d+dc dc m+|o| |c|cvnc|+ no cs|o|o
|nov+t|vo d+ |ndust||+ b|+s||c||+ +dvcm do dcscnvo|v|mcnto c +bso|io dc tccno|og|+ +t|+vcs d+
+u|s|io dc m+u|n+s c cu|+mcntos c +t|v|d+dcs com|cmcnt+|cs com|+ dc bcns dc c+|-
t+| t+|s como t|c|n+mcnto c |o,cto |ndust||+| (||C| .oo;)
5.6. Perl dos inventores (docentes)
Con|o|mc +|cscnt+do n+ scio | + b+sc sccund+||+ com|ccndc o con,unto dc |n|o|m+ocs
|c|+t|v+s +os |nvcnto|cs d+s +tcntcs dcos|t+d+s c|+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s no c||-
odo cnt|c .ooo c .oo; |st+ndo + b+sc sccund+||+ conso||d+d+ |o|+m |dcnt|||c+dos ,|, |nvcnto-
|cs scndo .,. |nvcnto|cs d+ || +,, d+ |n|c+m |, d+ |ncs |o d+ ||C+| c ., d+ |n||cs
|+|+ |+c|||t+| + +|cscnt+io dos d+dos |c|+t|vos +os |nvcnto|cs cst+ scio |o| subd|v|d|d+ nos
scgu|ntcs +scctos dc +n+||sc +) numc|o dc +tcntcs o| |nvcnto| b) c+|gos ocu+dos c) t|tu|os
+c+dcm|cos d) o||cnt+ocs conc|u|d+s c) dcscmcn|o +c+dcm|co (bo|s+s dc |odut|v|d+dc do
C||) c |) ||dc|+n+ dc g|uos dc csu|s+
5.7. Nmero de patentes por inventor
^ +n+||sc |mcd|+t+ uc dcco||c d+ o|g+n|z+io d+ b+sc sccund+||+ c + d|st||bu|io do numc|o dc
+tcntcs o| |nvcnto| |o con,unto tot+| dc ,|, |nvcnto|cs ,|, (e,,/) ++|cccm como |nvcn-
to|cs dc um+ un|c+ +tcntc |m scgu|d+ ,+ (+;;/) csu|s+do|cs ++|cccm como |nvcnto|cs dc
du+s +tcntcs c out|os ,, (+os/) como |nvcnto|cs dc t|cs +tcntcs Os dcm+|s ,o (,./) csu|-
s+do|cs ||gu|+m como |nvcnto|cs dc u+t|o ou m+|s documcntos dc +tcntc
|od||go |+|+ & |c+ Vc||o
+,:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
Obsc|v+ndo |so|+d+mcntc os |nvcnto|cs dc c+d+ un|vc|s|d+dc + +tcnio sc vo|t+ +|+ +|-
guns c+sos cxt|cmos O c+mcio cm |nvcntos ||o| || |odnc| |c|t+zzo|| ++|ccc cm .,
documcntos dc +tcntc dcos|t+dos c|+ |n|c+m ||c c scgu|do dc c|to o| out|os do|s
|nvcnto|cs d+ |n|c+m uc ||gu|+m cm +, documcntos dc +tcntc c+d+ Out|os u+t|o |n-
vcnto|cs d+ |n|c+m t+mbcm ||gu|+m cm c|o mcnos +o documcntos dc +tcntc |c cc|t+
|o|m+ cstc |csu|t+do |+t|||c+ + voc+io c|cnt|||c+ c tccno|og|c+ uc sc cncont|+ +ssoc|+d+
|m+gcm |nst|tuc|on+| d+ |n|c+m |+s dcm+|s un|vc|s|d+dcs cstud+d+s (|| |ncs ||C+|
c |n||cs) ncn|um |nvcnto| +|c+n+ + m+|c+ dc +o +tcntcs dcos|t+d+s cnt|c .ooo c .oo;
Os c+sos dc dcst+uc +|+ css+s un|vc|s|d+dcs sio +|guns |nvcnto|cs d+ || c d+ |ncs uc
||gu|+m cnt|c c|nco c o|to +tcntcs Os |nvcnto|cs m+|s +t|vos d+ ||C+| c d+ |n||cs nio
suc|+m u+t|o +tcntcs dcos|t+d+s c+d+
5.8. Cargos ocupados pelos inventores
|mbo|+ cx|st+m |numc|+s d||c|cn+s cnt|c +s un|vc|s|d+dcs |cdc|+|s c cst+du+|s dc modo gc|+|
su+s cst|utu|+s dc c+|gos c |unocs doccntcs sio |c|+t|v+mcntc +|cc|d+s |+s |cdc|+|s (||C+|
c |n||cs) |+ um+ subd|v|sio cm c|nco c|+sscs
..
t|tu|+| +ssoc|+do +d,unto +ss|stcntc c +ux|||+|
|nt|c +s cst+du+|s |+ do|s g|uos ^ |ncs ossu| um+ cst|utu|+ dc c+|gos c |unocs subd|v|d|-
d+ cm u+t|o c|+sscs
.,
t|tu|+| +d,unto +ss|stcntc douto| c +ss|stcntc |o| ||m ||
.|
c |n|c+m
.,

+|cscnt+m + mcsm+ cst|utu|+ subd|v|d|d+ cm +cn+s t|cs c|+sscs (t|tu|+| +ssoc|+do c douto|)
^n+||s+ndo o con,unto dos ,|, |nvcnto|cs .o| (,;|/) ocu+m o c+|go dc |o|csso| t|tu|+| uc
|c|cscnt+ o n|vc| m+|s c|cv+do n+ |og|cssio d+ c+||c||+ doccntc cm u+|uc| um+ d+s un|vc|-
s|d+dcs c + +n+||sc |nc|u|| os c+|gos c |unocs subscucntcs (+d,unto c +ssoc|+do) css+ +|t|c|-
+io +t|ngc |oo |nvcnto|cs (;,|/ do tot+|)
5.9. Ttulos acadmicos dos inventores
Cc|+|mcntc os t|tu|os +c+dcm|cos m+|s |c|cv+ntcs no cu|||cu|o do csu|s+do| sio cm o|dcm
c|csccntc o douto|+do o os-douto|+do c + ||v|c-doccnc|+ Cons|dc|+ndo o nosso con,unto dc
,|, |nvcnto|cs obsc|vou-sc uc + g|+ndc m+|o||+ ou sc,+ ,|o (,,+/) ossucm c|o mcnos um
douto|+do |o c+so dos t|tu|os dc os-douto|+do |+ um+ m+|o| d|st||bu|io |csmo +ss|m
.. |+|+ m+|o|cs dct+||cs sob|c + |ccst|utu|+io d+s c+||c||+s dc |+g|stc||o dc |ns|no uc||o| |ccomcnd+-sc consu|t+| + |c| n
++,|| dc os dc sctcmb|o dc .ooe (||^|| .ooe)
., |st+tuto d+ |ncs (||||+,s,)
.| ^O |^||O (|st+do) |cso|uio n ,|e+ dc ; dc outub|o dc +,ss |st+tuto d+ |n|vc|s|d+dc dc io |+u|o |O| s out +,ss
., |st+tutos d+ |n|c+m (|||C^|| +,,;)
|+tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s no ||+s|| um+ +n+||sc sob|c
+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s c scus |nvcnto|cs
+,,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
,;+ (es+/) |nvcnto|cs ossucm c|o mcnos um t|tu|o dc os-douto|+do |o| ||m do con,unto
dc ,|, |nvcnto|cs ,++ (,;+/) ossucm c|o mcnos um t|tu|o dc ||v|c-doccnc|+
Orlentaes concluldas
Out|o +sccto |ntc|css+ntc n+ +n+||sc dos |nvcnto|cs |cc+| sob|c o vo|umc dc o||cnt+ocs con-
c|u|d+s |o con,unto tot+| dc ,|, |nvcnto|cs ,s+ (e,,/) o||cnt+|+m m+|s dc c|nco t|+b+||os dc
mcst|+do |o c+so do douto|+do .s, (,,o/) |nvcnto|cs o||cnt+|+m m+|s dc c|nco +|unos |+ no
c+so d+s suc|v|socs dc os-douto|+dos o n|vc| c b+st+ntc mcno| ^cn+s +,, (.s|/) |nvcnto-
|cs suc|v|s|on+|+m c|o mcnos um os-douto| ^|cm d|sso +|guns cxt|cmos odcm sc| mcn-
c|on+dos |m cucno g|uo |o|m+do o| sctc |nvcnto|cs |+v|+ o||cnt+do +tc o ||n+| dc .oo;
|o +|unos dc mcst|+do |o c+so do douto|+do +cn+s do|s |nvcnto|cs o||cnt+|+m m+|s dc |o
+|unos |o| ||m u+t|o |nvcnto|cs |o|+m suc|v|so|cs dc os-douto|+do dc m+|s dc +o +|unos
Uesempenbo acadmlco (bolsas produtlvldade do CHq)
|m+ d|mcnsio com|cmcnt+| d+ +n+||sc cons|dc|ou +|gum+s v+||+vc|s dc dcscmcn|o dos |n-
vcnto|cs + +|t|| d+s |n|o|m+ocs d|son|vc|s n+ b+sc |+ttcs do C|| c uc comocm + b+sc
sccund+||+ scndo c|+s (+) bo|s+ dc |odut|v|d+dc (|o|s+ dc ||odut|v|d+dc cm |csu|s+ | ou
|o|s+ dc ||odut|v|d+dc cm |cscnvo|v|mcnto ccno|og|co c |xtcnsio |nov+do|+ - |
.e
) c (b) n|-
vc| d+ bo|s+ dc |odut|v|d+dc V+|c cons|dc|+| uc + os|io dos |nvcnto|cs cm u+|uc| um+
dcss+s v+||+vc|s |c||ctc cm cc|to g|+u scu dcscmcn|o +c+dcm|co +v+||+do o| com|tcs |ntc|-
nos dc +sscsso|+mcnto do C|| ou o| +sscsso|cs mu|t|d|sc|||n+|cs +d |oc
|cssc +sccto |o| oss|vc| obsc|v+| uc + m+|o||+ dos |nvcnto|cs c bo|s|st+ dc |odut|v|d+dc
c|o C|| |os ,|, |nvcnto|cs ,,, (e|s/) sio bo|s|st+s dc ||odut|v|d+dc cm |csu|s+ (|) c
+cn+s t|cs sio bo|s|st+s dc ||odut|v|d+dc cm |cscnvo|v|mcnto ccno|og|co c |xtcnsio |nov+-
do|+ (|) |o cnt+nto |cccntcmcntc + bo|s+ dc ||odut|v|d+dc | +ssou + tc| os mcsmos bc-
nc||c|os c c+|+ctc||st|c+s scmc||+ntcs bo|s+ | |css+ |o|m+ c oss|vc| uc dcnt|o dc oucos
+nos sc obsc|vc um |occsso dc m|g|+io dos |nvcnto|cs uc +ntcs t|n|+ bo|s+s ||odut|v|d+dc
| +|+ |
u+ndo o n|vc| d+ bo|s+ dc |odut|v|d+dc c cons|dc|+do n+ +n+||sc obsc|v+-sc um+ conccnt|+-
io um ouco m+|o| n+s bo|s+s dc n|vc| . uc |o|+m dcs|gn+d+s +|+ +.; (.,,/) dos ,|, |nvcn-
to|cs u+ndo os |nvcnto|cs uc ossucm bo|s+s dc n|vc| + (^ | C c |) sio cons|dc|+dos cm
+cn+s um g|uo o cont|ngcntc |o|m+do +|c+n+ ..e |nvcnto|cs |c|cscnt+ndo |+,/ do tot+|
.e ^ bo|s+ dc ||odut|v|d+dc cm |cscnvo|v|mcnto ccno|og|co c |xtcnsio |nov+do|+ (|) tcm + n+||d+dc dc d|st|ngu|| o cs-
u|s+do| v+|o||z+ndo su+ |oduio cm dcscnvo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co c |nov+io scgundo c||tc||os no|m+t|vos cst+bc|cc|dos
c|o C|| c cscc|c+mcntc o| um Com|tc ^v+||+do| (C|| .oo,)
|od||go |+|+ & |c+ Vc||o
+,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
V+|c |cmb|+| uc +s bo|s+s dc |odut|v|d+dc do C|| ossucm c|nco d||c|cntcs n|vc|s
.;
+ s+bc|
+^ +| +C +| . c |
.s
scndo o n|vc| +^ o m+|s c|cv+do dcnt|c os dcm+|s
Llderana em grupos de pesqulsa do CHq
^ +n+||sc d+ ||dc|+n+ dc g|uos dc csu|s+ c+d+st|+dos no |||cto||o dos C|uos dc |csu|s+
do C|| |nd|c+ uc dos ,|, |nvcnto|cs ,,, (e+,/) ||gu|+m como ||dc|cs dc c|o mcnos um
g|uo dc csu|s+ |cstc con,unto dc ||dc|cs dc csu|s+ + m+|o| +|tc (.;| |nvcnto|cs) ||dc|+
um un|co g|uo dc csu|s+ ^ c+|g+ dc ||dc|+| u+t|o g|uos dc csu|s+ s|mu|t+nc+mcntc |o|
cncont|+d+ +|+ o c+so dc +cn+s um |nvcnto|
erl geral dos lnventores
|o| ||m sc |ossc oss|vc| dc||n|| um c|||| gc|+| do |nvcnto| dcss+s un|vc|s|d+dcs c|c |ov+vc|-
mcntc ocu+||+ o c+|go dc |o|csso| |tu|+| com t|tu|os +c+dcm|cos dc douto|+do os-douto-
|+do c ||v|c-doccnc|+ ^|cm d|sso tc||+ o||cnt+do m+|s dc um+ dczcn+ dc +|unos dc mcst|+do c
douto|+do sc||+ bo|s|st+ dc ||odut|v|d+dc cm |csu|s+ do C|| cm n|vc| + c ||dc|+||+ c|o mc-
nos um g|uo dc csu|s+ do |||cto||o dc C|uos dc |csu|s+ do C||
6. Consideraes nais
^ +|t|| dos |csu|t+dos +|cscnt+dos ncstc +|t|go ||c+ cv|dcntc o m+|o| cnvo|v|mcnto d+s un|-
vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s com o s|stcm+ dc |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| O numc|o dc dcos|tos dc do-
cumcntos dc +tcntc |c+||z+dos o| un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s b|+s||c||+s tcm c|csc|do s|gn|||c+t|v+-
mcntc n+ u|t|m+ dcc+d+
|mbo|+ + cvo|uio d+s +tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s oco||+ cm tod+s +s +|tcs do +|s + |cg|io udcstc
sc dcst+c+ d+s dcm+|s com so/ dos dcos|tos |cnt|o d+ |cg|io udcstc +s un|vc|s|d+dcs do
|st+do dc io |+u|o |csondcm o| mct+dc d+s +tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s dcos|t+d+s +tc o ||n+| dc
.oo; |o cnt+nto + ||dc|+n+ d+ |cg|io udcstc c do |st+do dc io |+u|o nio c su||ccndcntc
|c||ct|ndo + conccnt|+io |cg|on+| dc +) |nst|tu|ocs +c+dcm|c+s b) csu|s+do|cs c c) |nvcst|-
mcntos cm +t|v|d+dcs dc csu|s+ c|cnt|||c+ c tccno|og|c+
.; Os n|vc|s c v+|o|cs d+s bo|s+s dc ||odut|v|d+dc | c | odcm sc| consu|t+dos no scgu|ntc s|t|o c|ct|on|co |tt;;wwwcn
b|;no|m+s;|n_oe_o.e|tmt
.s O n|vc| . +|cscnt+ +cn+s v+|o| +|+ + bo|s+ scm +d|c|on+| dc b+nc+d+ O n|vc| | nio +|cscnt+ v+|o| dc bo|s+ scndo +c-
n+s conccd|do o v+|o| |c|c|cntc +o +d|c|on+| dc b+nc+d+ odos os out|os n|vc|s +|cscnt+m v+|o|cs +|+ bo|s+ c +d|c|on+| dc
b+nc+d+
|+tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s no ||+s|| um+ +n+||sc sob|c
+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s c scus |nvcnto|cs
+,,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
|scc|||c+mcntc nos c+sos d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s +|guns +scctos +,ud+m + cn-
tcndc| mc||o| +s +|t|cu|+||d+dcs uc cnvo|vcm o |occsso dc |otcio c comc|c|+||z+io d+s
csu|s+s +c+dcm|c+s |o uc sc |c|c|c t|tu|+||d+dc mc|ccc dcst+uc + os|io +ssum|d+ c|+
|+cs uc ++|ccc como cot|tu|+| cm bo+ +|tc dos documcntos dcos|t+dos cm dct||mcnto
dc +|t|c|+ocs m+|s s|gn|||c+t|v+s do scto| |odut|vo O dcos|to dc +tcntcs no cxtc||o| +|nd+
c |nc||cntc |c||ct|ndo os c|cv+dos custos +ssoc|+dos +o |occsso c o otcnc|+| dc comc|c|+||-
z+io dcss+s tccno|og|+s no mb|to g|ob+| |o +sccto comc|c|+| +cn+s |n|c+m c ||C+|
+|cscnt+|+m +tcntcs ||ccnc|+d+s + tc|cc||os ^|tc|n+t|v+mcntc |ncs c |n||cs tcm busc+do
|csu|t+dos comc|c|+|s o| mc|o dc cont|+tos cooc|+t|vos com o scto| |odut|vo +|+ o dcscn-
vo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co
|c modo gc|+| o c|||| dos |nvcnto|cs d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s +|ccc |c||ct|| cc|t+
m+tu||d+dc +c+dcm|c+ dcsscs |nvcnto|cs O +ccsso s os|ocs m+|s c|cv+d+s n+ c+||c||+ doccn-
tc o +cumu|o dc t|tu|os c o dcscmcn|o +c+dcm|co t|+duz|do cm bo|s+s dc |odut|v|d+dc cs-
tio d||ct+mcntc +ssoc|+dos +os |csu|t+dos +|c+n+dos c|o csu|s+do| +o |ongo do tcmo dc
+co|do com os c||tc||os do s|stcm+ +c+dcm|co dc +v+||+io c |ccomcns+ no u+| c|c sc cncon-
t|+ |nsc||do |n|c||zmcntc o| |cst||ocs mctodo|og|c+s nio |o| oss|vc| vc||||c+| + cx|stcnc|+ dc
co||c|+ocs cnt|c o vo|umc dc +tcntcs os c|||s dos |nvcnto|cs |nt|ct+nto um+ oss|vc| mu-
d+n+ dc como|t+mcnto dos csu|s+do|cs +c+dcm|cos n+ |o|m+ dc d|vu|g+| os |csu|t+dos dc
su+s csu|s+s o +m+du|cc|mcnto do s|stcm+ dc |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| no +|s + |cccntc |n-
t|oduio dc |cg|+s dc |nccnt|vo |nov+io c csu|s+ c|cnt|||c+ c tccno|og|c+ cm |nst|tu|ocs
b|+s||c||+s c + c||+io dc o|g+n|smos dc +o|o |otcio c comc|c|+||z+io dos |csu|t+dos d+s
csu|s+s +c+dcm|c+s |o|m+m o con,unto dc +|gumcntos uc +,ud+m + cntcndc| o c|csc|mcnto
no numc|o dc +tcntcs dcos|t+d+s c|+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s b|+s||c||+s
^c|cd|t+-sc uc cstc t|+b+||o +t|ngc o ob,ct|vo |oosto dc cont||bu|| +|+ um+ m+|o| com-
|ccnsio do tcm+ no ||+s|| |mbo|+ c|c sc,+ csscnc|+|mcntc cx|o|+to||o c dcsc||t|vo dcvc sc|
cons|dc|+do como um onto dc v|st+ +d|c|on+| n+ const|uio dc um+ ||n|+ dc csu|s+ uc sc
+|o|undc cm cstud+| cssc |cnomcno Conscucntcmcntc + |oos|io dc novos t|+b+||os dc-
co||c d||ct+mcntc dos |csu|t+dos obsc|v+ocs c cons|dc|+ocs +u| +|cscnt+dos
|m+ ||mc||+ sugcstio sc||+ +|o|und+| o cntcnd|mcnto do contcxto o||t|co c |cgu|+to||o uc
c|mc|+ o +mb|cntc b|+s||c||o + +|t|| do ||n+| d+ dcc+d+ dc +,,o c cst|mu|+ o cnvo|v|mcnto d+s
un|vc|s|d+dcs com o s|stcm+ dc |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| ^ |o|m+io do +|c+bouo |cg+| +s o||-
t|c+s govc|n+mcnt+|s vo|t+d+s +|+ o tcm+ os +c|s c |ntc|csscs dos v+||os +to|cs |nst|tuc|on+|s
c + d|nm|c+ dc |unc|on+mcnto dos |o|uns dc d|scussio sio +|guns dos +scctos uc mc|cccm
m+|o| +tcnio
|od||go |+|+ & |c+ Vc||o
+,o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
Out|+ sugcstio sc||+ +|o|und+| + +n+||sc sob|c o como|t+mcnto do csu|s+do| (c |nvcnto|)
cnu+nto +to|cs soc|+|s cnvo|v|dos no |occsso dc |otcio c comc|c|+||z+io dos |csu|t+dos d+
csu|s+ +c+dcm|c+ |c +co|do com O||vc||+ c Vc||o (.oo,) + dc||n|io d+ +gcnd+ dc csu|s+
+ csco||+ d+s |ontcs dc ||n+nc|+mcnto d+s |ontcs dc csu|s+ b|b||og|+||c+ c dos mc|os dc ub||-
c+io + ucstio do tcmo dc dcd|c+io s |numc|+s +t|v|d+dcs +c+dcm|c+s + csco||+ do c||||
dos +|unos dc os-g|+du+io + csco||+ dc u+|s g|uos dc csu|s+ +|t|c|+| ou u+|s g|uos
|o|m+| + so|uio |nd|v|du+| do d||cm+ ub||c+| vc|sus +tcntc+| sio +|guns dos |numc|os +s-
cctos uc +|nd+ |cc|s+m sc| mc||o| com|ccnd|dos
|m+ sugcstio +d|c|on+| sc||+ +m||+| o cscoo tc|||to||+| c tcmo|+| +|cscnt+do ncstc t|+b+||o
^ co|ct+ c + +n+||sc dos d+dos |c|c|cntc s dcm+|s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s b|+s||c||+s c o +com+-
n|+mcnto s|stcm+t|co dc |nd|c+do|cs +o |ongo do tcmo dcvcm co|+bo|+| +|+ + |oos|io
dc o||t|c+s ub||c+s vo|t+d+s +|+ + m+nutcnio dos cvcntu+|s bcnc||c|os c m|n|m|z+io dos
||scos +ssoc|+dos |otcio c comc|c|+||z+io d+s csu|s+s +c+dcm|c+s
Agradecimentos
Os +uto|cs +g|+dcccm + v+||os+ co|+bo|+io d+s cu|cs dos ||s d+s un|vc|s|d+dcs cstud+d+s
dos |c|cscnt+ntcs do |||| uc +tc o u|t|mo momcnto o|c|ccc|+m |n|o|m+ocs sob|c os docu-
mcntos dc +tcntc dcos|t+dos c d+ +|un+ Ccd+|v+ ouz+ c|+ co|+bo|+io n+ co|ct+ c o|g+n|-
z+io dos d+dos d+s +tcntcs c dos |nvcnto|cs Os comcnt+||os c sugcstocs |c|t+s sob|c o con-
tcudo dcstc +|t|go c|o |o|csso| |osc |+noc| C+|v+||o dc |c||o (|||) c c|o |o|csso| \||son
uz|g+n (||C;|n|c+m) du|+ntc o cx+mc dc u+||||c+io dc douto|+do t+mbcm mc|cccm +
noss+ cscc|+| g|+t|dio |cg|st|+mos t+mbcm o +g|+dcc|mcnto C+cs c|o suo|tc ||n+ncc||o
o|c|cc|do c|+ bo|s+ dc douto|+do u+|suc| v|socs |csu|t+dos c conc|usocs +|cscnt+d+s ncs-
tc t|+b+||o sio dc |csons+b|||d+dc cxc|us|v+ dos scus +uto|cs
Referncias
^|^||| | | | O||O||^| ^ | V ^s +tcntcs n+s un|vc|s|d+dcs +n+||sc dos dcos|tos d+s un|-
vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s (1-.00o) Cl. |nr., 8rasllla v !c n . ^go .00 ||son|vc| cm
|tt;;wwwsc|c|ob|;sc|c|o|sc||t=sc|_+|ttcxt|d=01001o.00000.00001|ng=cnn|
m=|so. ^ccsso cm .. nov .00 |O| 1010;0100-1o.00000.00001
^|||^O | C A utlllzao do slstema de patentes pelas unlversldades brasllelras nos anos 90.
||o dc |+nc||o |||| .000
^z^C|^-C^|O | | ^|C|O|^|| | |C|O-|C|O ^ |n w||c| |cg|ons do un|vc|s|t|cs +tcnt
+nd ub||c| mo|c Sclentometrlcs, v 0 .1-.oo .00
|+tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s no ||+s|| um+ +n+||sc sob|c
+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s c scus |nvcnto|cs
+,)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
|^||||| | C|||^||| | O||||O | |nst|tut|on+| c|+ngcs +nd t|c commc|c|+||z+t|on o| +c+dcm|c
|now|cdgc + study o| |t+||+n un|vc|s|t|cs +tcnt|ng +ct|v|t|cs bctwccn 1o +nd .00. kesearcb
ollcy, v ! 1c-!. .00o
||^|| ||cs|dcnc|+ d+ |cub||c+ |c| n . dc 14 dc m+|o dc 1o |cgu|+ d||c|tos c ob||g+ocs |c|+-
t|vos |o||cd+dc |ndust||+| ||son|vc| cm |tt;;www|n|govb|;mcnucsuc|do;+tcntc;
+st+_|cg|s|+c+o;|c|_._1o_|tm|. ^ccsso cm 1 m+| .00c
______ |c| n 10! dc 0. dc dczcmb|o dc .004 ||soc sob|c |nccnt|vos |nov+io c csu|s+
c|cnt|c+ c tccno|og|c+ no +mb|cntc |odut|vo c d+ out|+s |ov|dcnc|+s ||son|vc| cm |tt;;
www|+n+|togovb|;cc|v||;_^to.004-.00o;.004;|c|;|10!|tm. ^ccsso cm . m+| .00c
______ |cc|cto n o! dc 11 dc outub|o dc .00 |cgu|+mcnt+ + |c| n 10!;.004 uc d|soc so-
b|c |nccnt|vos |nov+io c csu|s+ c|cnt|c+ c tccno|og|c+ no +mb|cntc |odut|vo c d+ out|+s
|ov|dcnc|+s ||son|vc| cm |tt;;www|+n+|togovb|;cc|v||;_^to.004-.00o;.00;|cc|cto;
|o!|tm. ^ccsso cm . m+| .00c
______ |c| n 11!44 dc 0c dc sctcmb|o dc .00o ||soc sob|c + |ccst|utu|+io d+s c+||c||+s dc |+g|s-
tc||o dc |ns|no uc||o| c dc |+g|stc||o dc 1o c .o C|+us dcnt|c out|+s |ov|dcnc|+s ||son|vc|
cm |tt;;www|+n+|togovb|;cc|v||_0!;_^to.004-.00o;.00o;|c|;|11!44|tm. ^ccsso cm 04
,u| .00c
C^|^|^ ^||||C^|^ || CO|||C|O ^|C|^| Coverno deve levar a Congresso em breve
proposta de adeso a rotocolo de Madrl. .00c ||son|vc| cm |tt;;www+mc|+mcomb|;
ud+tc;.00c;ud+tc.00c-04-1b_dtm|. ^ccsso cm 1 ,un .00c
C^||O| | ||||| ^-C cc|no|ogy t|+ns|c| |n |n|tcd t+tcs un|vc|s|t|cs ournal Lvolutlonary
Lconomlcs, v 1.-1 1-.!. .00.
C|^|O|| | ||CC^||C^ ^ |n|vc|s|t|cs +nd |ntc||cctu+| |oc|ty ||gt|s |n out|c|n |u|oc+n
count||cs 1ecbnologyAnalysls 8 Strateglc Management, v 1-4 4-1c .00
C|^C^ | | Apreenso, |mplementao e Cesto da roprledade |ntelectual nas |nstltules
ubllcas de Lnslno Superlor. V|os+ ||V .004 1!4
CO||||O |^C|O|^| || ||||^ | ||||VO|V||||O C|| 8olsa de rodutlvldade em
Uesenvolvlmento 1ecnologlco e Lxtenso |novadora - U1. .00 ||son|vc| cm |tt;;www
cnb|;no|m+s;|n_0o_01o_+ncxo.|tm. ^ccsso cm .4 +go .00
|O||| |^C|O|^| || C|O|| || ||OV^^O | |^||||||C|^ || |C|O|OC|^ |O||C
Apresentao. .00 ||son|vc| cm |tt;;www|o|tcc-b|o|g;s|tc;. ^ccsso cm 14 +go .00
||||^^O || ^||^|O ^ ||||^ |O |^|O || ^O |^||O |^||| |ndlcadores de
Clncla, 1ecnologla e |novao em So aulo. io |+u|o |^||| .00 ||son|vc| cm |tt;;
www|+csb|;|nd|c+do|cs.004;vo|umc1;c+0_vo|1d|. ^ccsso cm .1 +go .00c
C^|||C^ | ^ 1ransrerncla de tecnologla e gesto da proprledade lntelectual em unlversldades
publlcas no Lstado de So aulo. io C+||os ||C+| .00 ||son|vc| cm |tt;;www.u|sc+|
b|;|ntc||+cc_||+mcs;|ndcx|||n|=|tt;;wwwbcou|sc+|b|. ^ccsso cm .1 ,+n .00c
C|||^ ^ ||^ | || |n|vc|s|ty +tcnt|ng +nd |ts cccts on +c+dcm|c |csc+|c| t|c cmc|g|ng |u|o-
c+n cv|dcncc |csc+|c| |o||cy v ! 0-c0 .00o
|od||go |+|+ & |c+ Vc||o
+,s
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
||||||O| | |^||| ^ | |^||||||C | |n|vc|s|t|cs +s + sou|cc o| commc|c|+| tcc|no|ogy +
dct+||cd +n+|ys|s o| un|vc|s|ty +tcnt|ng 1o1cc le kevlew or Lconomlcs and Statlstlcs, v
c0-1 11-1. 1c
||||O ||^|||||O || C|OC|^||^ | |^||C^ ||C| esqulsa de |novao 1ecnologl-
ca 200. ||son|vc| cm |tt;;www|bgcgovb|;|omc;cst+t|st|c+;cconom|+;|ndust||+;|n-
tcc;.00;|ntcc.00d|. ^ccsso cm 10 +b| .00
||||O |^C|O|^| |^ ||O|||||^|| ||||||^| |||| Consulta 8ase de atentes. .00
||son|vc| cm |tt;;csu|s+|n|govb|;|+|c+|+tcntc;,s;+tcntcs;+tcntcc+|c|^v+nc+do
,s. ^ccsso cm 10 +b| .00
||||O |^C|O|^| || |||O | ||||^ |||C^C|O|^| ^|||O ||X|||^ |||| Sl-
nopses estatlstlcas da educao superlor. graduao. ||son|vc| cm |tt;;www|ncgovb|;
down|o+d;suc||o|;ccnso;.00;|nosc.00z|. ^ccsso cm 1. +b| .00
|^||| ^ !c | +tcnt systcm |n t|+ns|t|on o||cy |nnov+t|on +nd t|c |nnov+t|on |occss |csc+|c|
|o||cy v . !1- .000
|||O| | | !c no|m+t|vc st|uctu|c o| sc|cncc |n ______ le Soclology or Sclence. tbeoretlcal
and emplrlcal lnvestlgatlons. C||c+go |n|vc|s|ty o| C||c+go ||css 14. .o-.c
|||^ C |ccons|dc||ng |cno|m+||z+t|on st+b|||ty +nd c|+ngc |n .0t|-ccntu|y v|cws on un|vc|s|ty
+tcnts Soclal Studles or Sclence, v !o o- .00o
|O\|| | C |||O| | | ^||^ | | z|||O|| ^ ^ !c g|owt| o| +tcnt|ng +nd ||ccns|ng
by | un|vc|s|t|cs +n +sscssmcnt o| t|c cccts o| t|c |+y|-|o|c +ct o| 1c0 kesearcb ollcy, v
!0 -11 .001
|O\|| | C ^||^ | | z|||O|| ^ ^ |c+|n|ng to +tcnt |nst|tut|on+| cxc||cncc |c+|n|ng
+nd t|c c|+|+ctc||st|cs o| | |n|vc|s|ty +tcnts +|tc| t|c |+y|-|o|c +ct 1c1-1. Manage-
ment Sclence, v 4c-1 !-c .00.
|O\|| | C z|||O|| ^ ^ ^c+dcm|c +tcnt u+||ty +nd u+nt|ty bc|o|c +nd +|tc| t|c |+y|-|o|c
+ct |n t|c |n|tcd t+tcs kesearcb ollcy, v !1 !-41c .00.
O|||V^O||| || C|||C| | || |C||||| O kapport blennal edltlon 2008. ||son|vc|
cm |tt;;wwwobs-ost||;|c+dm|n;mcd|+s;tx_ostdocumcnts;|+|t|cs^nncxc|nddd|. ^ccs-
so cm .. nov .00
O||V|||^ | | V|||O | |cnc||c|os c ||scos d+ |otcio c comc|c|+||z+io d+ csu|s+ +c+dc-
m|c+ um+ d|scussio ncccss+||+ Lnsalo. aval. pol. publ. educ. ||o dc |+nc||o v 1 n o.
m+| .00 ||son|vc| cm |tt;;wwwsc|c|ob|;sc|c|o|sc||t=sc|_+|ttcxt|d=0104-
40!o.0000010000!|ng=cnn|m=|so. ^ccsso cm 0. +b| .00 |O| 1010;0104-
40!o.0000010000!
|||||||O-|^C|^|O | O||V|||^ | | ^ com+|+t|vc study o| +tcnt|ng +ct|v|ty |n | +nd ||+z|-
||+n sc|cnt|c |nst|tut|ons Sclentometrlcs, v o1 n ! !.!-!!c .004
|OVO^ | | C atentes de unlversldades e lnstltutos publlcos de pesqulsa e a transrerncla de
tecnologla para empresas no 8rasll. |c|o |o||zontc |||C .00c ||son|vc| cm |tt;;www
ccdc|+|u|mgb|;cconom|+;tcscs;.00c;|uc|+no_|ovo+d|. ^ccsso cm .1 sct .00
|+tcntcs +c+dcm|c+s no ||+s|| um+ +n+||sc sob|c
+s un|vc|s|d+dcs ub||c+s +u||st+s c scus |nvcnto|cs
+,,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
^|^CO| V^| |O|||||C|| | \|+t +tcnt d+t+ |cvc+| +bout un|vc|s|t|cs t|c c+sc o| |c|-
g|um le ournal or 1ecbnology 1ransrer, v .c 4-1 .00!
O|| | Leaslng tbe |vory 1ower. le Corporate 1aleover tbe Academy. |oston out| |nd ||css
1 .04
|||V||||^|| || ^O |^||O || Lstatuto da US. 1cc ||son|vc| cm |tt;;|cg|n|usnct
usb|;cst+tuto;cst+tuto|tm|. ^ccsso cm 11 +go .00
______ Hormas US. .00 ||son|vc| cm |tt;;wwwusb|;|cg|n|;o|t;. ^ccsso cm 04 +go
.00
______ A US em numeros. .00c ||son|vc| cm |tt;;s|stcm+susb|;+nu+||o;us_cm_numc|os
d|. ^ccsso cm 0! +go .00
______ A US. .00 ||son|vc| cm |tt;;www4usb|;|ndcx|;+-us. ^ccsso cm 0! +go .00
|||V||||^|| |^||^| || C^||||^ |||C^|| Lstatutos da Unlversldade Lstadual de
Camplnas. 1 ||son|vc| cm |tt;;wwwsgun|c+mb|;docs;|st+tutos_d+_|n|c+md|.
^ccsso cm 11 +go .00
______ Anuarlo Lstatlstlco 2008. base 2007. 2008. ||son|vc| cm |tt;;www+c|+nun|c+mb|;
+nu+||o_cst+t|st|co_.00c;+nu+||o.00cd| . ^ccsso cm 14 ,u| .00
|||V||||^|| |^||^| |^|||^ ||||O || ||||^ ||||O |||| Lstatuto da UHLS.
1c ||son|vc| cm |tt;;wwwuncsb|;sc|v|co;cst+tutod|. ^ccsso cm !1 ,u| .00c
______ Anuarlo Lstatlstlco. .00 ||son|vc| cm |tt;;uncsb|;+|o;|nt_contcudo_scm_|mg
|contcudo=100. ^ccsso cm 0! +b| .00c
______ llstorla da crlao da UHLS. .00c ||son|vc| cm |tt;;wwwuncsb|;c||;c|||.
^ccsso cm 0! +b| .00c
______ Uados UHLS. .00c |cns+gcm |cccb|d+ o| |+b|o|+,|c|to||+uncsb|. cm .o m+| .00c
|||V||||^|| |||||^| || ^O C^||O ||C+| A Unlversldade. .00c ||son|vc| cm |tt;;
www.u|sc+|b|;+u|sc+|;+un|vc|s|d+dc|. ^ccsso cm 10 m+| .00c
______ A Unlversldade. .00c ||son|vc| cm |tt;;wwwu|sc+|b|;~soc;consun|;.00;|cso|uc+o_
consun|_1o_.d|. ^ccsso cm . +b| .00c
|||V||||^|| |||||^| || ^O |^||O |||||| |cso|uio s;n ||soc sob|c o |cg|st|o dc
o|tw+|c no mb|to d+ |||||| .000 ||son|vc| cm |tt;;wwwun||csb|;|c|to||+;o|g+os;
com|ssocs;m+||ct|ng;|cso|_so|t|tm. ^ccsso cm 0 m+| .00c
______ |o|t+||+ n oo. dc 1! dc +gosto dc .00. .00. ||son|vc| cm |tt;;dg|un||csb|;comun|-
c+c+o;nu||t=40. ^ccsso cm 0! m+| .00c
______ Anuarlo 2004. |nt|oduio .00 ||son|vc| cm |tt;;c+|d|on||nccmb|;
|c|to||+;+nu+||o.004;01|. ^ccsso cm 0 m+| .00c
______ Uados UH||LS 2007. .00c |cns+gcm |cccb|d+ o| bc|n+dctcdcom,cmb|. cm 0c
m+| .00c
|od||go |+|+ & |c+ Vc||o
:oo
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., +;,-.oo ,u|-dcz .oo,
\|||| | ^ c|cnc|+ como voc+io |n C||| | | |||| C \||C| (O|g) Lnsalos de Soclologla.
|+duio dc \+|tcns|| |ut|+ ||o dc |+nc||o] |C |d|to|+ 1c. !40
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
Empresas de base tecnolgica induzidas
e espontneas na regio metropolitana de
Campinas: limitaes, potencialidades
e relaes com o espao geogrco

Guilherme B. R. Lambais

+ |stc +|t|go c dcscnvo|v|do cm g|+ndc mcd|d+ + +|t|| dos |csu|t+dos n+|s dc um |o,cto dc csu|s+ cxccut+do no |nst|tuto
|C. d+ |n|vc|s|d+dc do cx+s cm ^ust|n ub||c+do +|+ d|scussio com t|tu|o !c |ct|oo||t+n |cg|on o| C+m|n+s ||+z||
^|y|ng t|c cc|noo||s ||+mcwo|| Cost+||+ dc +g|+dccc| +s scgu|ntcs csso+s uc cont||bu||+m ||mo|d|+|mcntc sc,+
+|+ o |o,cto dc csu|s+ sc,+ +|+ o |cscntc t|+b+||o || |+v|d V C|bson c || |+mcs | |+||ctt do |nst|tuto |C. || |+b|o
|c||c||+ d+ |||^ C+||os | ^ ||+n+ d+ |und+io |^|| |+u|o |cmos d+ ^gcnc|+ dc |nov+io d+ |n|c+m || ^nton|o |
|u+|n+|n || ^|cx+nd|c Co|| |+|+ c ||+ ^n+ |uc|+ Con+|vcs d+ ||v+ do |nst|tuto dc |conom|+ d+ |n|c+m c |o| |+|cc|o
| |+g+||ics d+ |ncs-ui |x|mo-os dc u+|suc| c||os |cm+ncsccntcs
. Cu|||c|mc | | |+mb+|s cst+ n+||z+ndo + g|+du+io cm C|cnc|+s |conom|c+s c c csu|s+do| cst+g|+||o do |uc|co dc |cono-
m|+ |ndust||+| c d+ ccno|og|+ +mbos no ||-|n|c+m |+ |o| bo|s|st+ C+cs n+ |n|vc|s|d+dc do cx+s cm ^ust|n csu|s+do|
cst+g|+||o no |nst|tuto |C. (|nnov+t|on C|c+t|v|ty +nd C+|t+|) t+mbcm d+ |n|vc|s|d+dc do cx+s c bo|s|st+ C|| dc |n|c|+io
c|cnt|c+ no ||-|n|c+m |m+|| gb||+mb+|s,gm+||com
Resumo
O |cscntc +|t|go |ooc +n+||s+| um con,unto dc
cm|cs+s dc b+sc tccno|og|c+ d+ |cg|io |ct|oo-
||t+n+ dc C+m|n+s ||g+d+s s |ncub+do|+s c |n|-
vc|s|d+dc |st+du+| dc C+m|n+s +s u+|s c|+m+-
mos |cscct|v+mcntc dc cm|cs+s |nduz|d+s c
dc csontnc+s |o| |c+||z+do um+ co|ct+ ||m+-
||+ dc d+dos +t|+vcs dc ucst|on+||os cnv|+dos d|-
|ct+mcntc s cm|cs+s ^ t+x+ dc |cost+ |o|+ dc
,+/ +|+ noss+ ou|+io dc cm|cs+s ||g+d+s s
|ncub+do|+s c .|/ +|+ +s ||g+d+s |n|c+m ||o-
omos d|scut|| c+|+ctc||st|c+s cndogcn+s c cxogc-
n+s s cm|cs+s c t+mbcm su+s |c|+ocs com o cs-
+o gcog|+co |oss+s ||nc|+|s conc|usocs sio
+) + cmc|gcnc|+ do cs+o como |und+mcnt+| no
|occsso dc c||+io c dcscnvo|v|mcnto dc cm|c-
Abstract
'e coe.:.e c/ :ns ae s :c aoa',e a se:
c/ :e.noc'c,oasea eo:eses .cooe.:ea :c
o.aoa:cs aoa :ne Jo.es:, c/ Caooas oc:n
'c.a:ea o :ne /e:cc':ao |eco c/ Caooas
8a' we .a'' :nese ese.:.e', oaa.ea
aoa sco:aoecas .coaoes ^ sa.e, .as
.coaa.:ea ae.:', .:n :ne .coaoes aoa
e.e'ea ao aos.e a:e c/ ,/ /c ca ca'a:co
.cooe.:ea :c o.aoa:cs aoa .;/ /c :ncse
.cooe.:ea .:n :ne ao.es:, we ccse a
as.assco c/ os eoaceocas aoa e\ceocas
.naa.:es:.s as .e'' as :ne e'a:cos .:n :ne
ecan. sa.e Oa oao .co.'ascos ae as
/c''c.s ) :ne sa.e eoees as /aoaaoeo:a' o
:ne .ea:co aoa ae.e'coeo: c/ :e.noc'c,oasea
Cu|||c|mc |+mb+|s
:o:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
1. Introduo
^ c||+io dc cm|cs+s n+c|on+|s dc b+sc tccno|og|c+ (||) const|tu| +tu+|mcntc um+ d+s c-
d|+s-|und+mcnt+|s +|+ o dcscnvo|v|mcnto cconom|co |cg|on+| com m+|o| d|st||bu|io dc |cn-
d+ c d|vc|s|d+dc tccno|og|c+ (C^|O|^O z^|||O .oo, V||OV|||O ct +| .oo+ |||O|
ct +| +,s,) ^s v|+s dc c||+io c nut||io dc um +mb|cntc |+vo|+vc| +|+ gc|+io c c|csc|mcnto
bcm succd|do dc t+|s cm|cs+s sc,+m css+s cxogcn+s cm|cs+ cst|utu|+ |nst|tuc|on+| c do
mc|c+do |ontcs dc t+|cnto |cscn+ cm c|ustc|s d|son|b|||d+dc dc ||n+nc|+mcnto ctc ou
cndogcn+s cm|cs+ n+tu|cz+ d+s concxocs cm |cdc com un|vc|s|d+dcs;|nst|tutos dc cs-
u|s+ cm|cs+s c +gcntcs cconom|cos c soc|+|s ||uxo dc csu|s+ c dcscnvo|v|mcnto (||) c
cstouc +cumu|+do dc con|cc|mcntos t+c|tos |o|m+io dc cst|+tcg|+s c |ot|n+s dc succsso
ctc sio ob,ctos dc o||t|c+s dc mu|tos govc|nos no mundo |nc|us|vc o b|+s||c||o o| mc|o
o| cxcm|o d+ |omoio dc +||+n,os |odut|vos |oc+|s c|o ||n|stc||o do |cscnvo|v|mcnto
|ndust||+ c Comc|c|o |xtc||o| (|||C) d|sos|io dc ||n|+s dc ||n+nc|+mcnto c|+ ||n+nc|+do|+
dc |studos c ||o,ctos (|||||) ||g+do +o ||n|stc||o d+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ (|C) c c||+io dc
|ncub+do|+s o| d|vc|sos govc|nos |oc+|s c cst+du+|s
V|ncu|+do +io govc|n+mcnt+| cx|stc +t|+vcs d+ +c+dcm|+ um cs|o|o cm d|vc|s+s ||cntcs tc-
o||c+s +|+ com|ccnsio dcssc |occsso |cssc scnt|do o |cscntc t|+b+||o scndo um+ cont||-
bu|io dc n+tu|cz+ +||c+d+ contcm|+ v|socs tco||c+s sob|c o tcm+ cm con,unto com + +n+||sc
cm|||c+ dc um g|uo dc ||s |cscntcs n+ ou o||g|n+||+s d+ |cg|io dc C+m|n+s +) cm|cs+s
||g+d+s s |ncub+do|+s
+
uc com|ccndcm +s +tu+|mcntc |ncub+d+s c ,+ g|+du+d+s c .) cm|c-
s+s |c|+c|on+d+s com + |n|vc|s|d+dc |st+du+| dc C+m|n+s (|n|c+m)
.
^ +n+||sc c b+sc+d+ cm
+ io |nvcst|g+d+s cm|cs+s d+s t|cs |ncub+do|+s |cscntcs cm C+m|n+s Com+n||+ dc |cscnvo|v|mcnto do |o|o dc ^|t+
ccno|og|+ dc C+m|n+s (C|+tcc) oc|cd+dc ||+s||c||+ +|+ ||omoio dc |xo|t+io dc o|tw+|c (o|tcx) c |ncub+do|+ dc
|m|cs+s dc |+sc-ccno|og|c+ d+ |n|c+m (|nc+m)
. io cons|dc|+d+s cm|cs+s uc tcm c|o mcnos um |unc|on+||o uc c +tu+|mcntc ou |o| +ntc||o|mcntc |o|csso| +|uno ou
|unc|on+||o d+ |n|c+m
eoaea.cs .) oc:n cas c/ .coaoes ac oc:
ae saos:ao:a'', o sa..ess/a' c.:n c:eo:a'
,) aeeo.es eoee .:n :ne 'e.e' c/ o:ea:co
.:n :ne ao.es:, aoa oe:.c a..ess aoa ;)
:ne oao 'o:a:co s .cooe.:ea .:n oao.o
a..ess
keywords. |ecoa' aoa aoao e.coco, `e.
e.coco. ecan, e.noc'c,oasea eo:eses
/e:cc':ao |eco c/ Caooas e.nocc's
s+s dc b+sc tccno|og|c+ .) os do|s g|uos dc cm-
|cs+s nio d||c|cm subst+nc|+|mcntc n+ otcnc|+-
||d+dc dc c|csc|mcnto com succsso ,) d||c|cn+s
cmc|gcm no n|vc| dc |ntcg|+io com + un|vc|s|d+-
dc c no +ccsso s |cdcs c |) + ||nc|+| ||m|t+io
cst+ ||g+d+ +o +ccsso +o n+nc|+mcnto
alavras-cbave. |conom|+ |cg|on+| c u|b+n+ |ov+
gcog|++ cconom|c+ |nov+io tccno|og|c+ |m|c-
s+s dc b+sc tccno|og|c+ |cg|io |ct|oo||t+n+ dc
C+m|n+s cc|noo||s
|m|cs+s dc b+sc tccno|og|c+ |nduz|d+s c csontnc+s n+ |cg|io mct|oo||t+n+
dc C+m|n+s ||m|t+ocs otcnc|+||d+dcs c |c|+ocs com o cs+o gcog|+co
:o,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
d+dos ||m+||os |cv+nt+dos +t|+vcs dc |nst|umcnto |o||o dc co|ct+ |ouvc um+ t+x+ dc |cs-
ost+ dc ,+/ +|+ (+) c .|/ +|+ (.) |cssc cstudo css+s ||s sio t|+t+d+s como du+s ou|+ocs
d|st|nt+s +s u+|s nomc+mos (+) cm|cs+s |nduz|d+s c|+ |ncub+io c (.) cm|cs+s dc gc|+io
csontnc+ (do|+v+ntc cm|cs+s |nduz|d+s c cm|cs+s csontnc+s ou s|m|csmcntc ||s c
||s) ^ ,ust|||c+t|v+ +|+ + csco||+ dcsscs tc|mos sc d+ c|o mot|vo dc uc +s cm|cs+s |ncub+d+s
cstio cm um +mb|cntc cm uc so||cm |o|tc |nduio +|+ cst+bc|cc|mcnto dc |+cto como un|-
d+dc |odut|v+ ||v+d+ cnu+nto uc +s cm|cs+s ||g+d+s |n|c+m c|+m+d+s ||||+s d+ |n|-
c+m nio so||cm + mcsm+ |n||ucnc|+ |ogo su+ gc|+io nio cst+ ||g+d+ + |occssos dc |nduio
|+|s cscc|||c+mcntc csc|+mos +n+||s+| +scctos cndogcnos c cxogcnos s cm|cs+s cst+-
bc|cccndo +s ||m|t+ocs c +s otcnc|+||d+dcs dcsscs do|s g|uos c+|+ctc||st|cos dc cm|cs+s
Con,unt+mcntc t+mbcm +n+||s+mos + |c|+io dcss+s cm|cs+s com o cs+o gcog|+||co cons|-
dc|+ndo uc +o +n+||s+| + cm|cs+ nio odcmos cons|dc|+| css+ d|ssoc|+vc| do +mb|cntc o|s
so||c |n||ucnc|+s +o mcsmo tcmo cm uc |n||u| no cs+o |cssc scnt|do |o| |c|t+ t+mbcm
um+ |nvcst|g+io cm|||c+ sob|c + |cg|io |ct|oo||t+n+ dc C+m|n+s (||C) +t|+vcs dc b+scs
dc d+dos ,+ cx|stcntcs
|o|t+nto n+ scio scgu|ntc sio cst+bc|cc|dos os |c|c|cnc|+|s tco||cos uc |und+mcnt+m + b+sc
dc com|ccnsio do tcm+ c uc nos gu|+|io +t|+vcs d+ +n+||sc cm|||c+ ^ mctodo|og|+ ut|||z+-
d+ +|+ |cv+nt+mcnto dos d+dos c cxost+ n+ scio , |+ scio | +|cscnt+mos c+|+ctc||st|c+s
|mo|t+ntcs d+ |cg|io |ct|oo||t+n+ dc C+m|n+s com |sso dc||n|ndo o cs+o gcog|+||co |+
scio , sio +|cscnt+dos os |csu|t+dos dos ucst|on+||os con,unt+mcntc com um+ d|scussio c
o| ||m n+ scio e o +|t|go c conc|u|do
2. Fundamentos tericos
|o scnt|do o| um |+do dc cst+bc|ccc| o n|vc| dc dcscmcn|o d+s cm|cs+s c o| out|o os-
s|b|||t+| com+|+io cnt|c ||s c ||s conccnt|+mos noss+ v|sio + +|t|| dc m||o| ct +| (+,ss) cm
+|guns |nd|c+do|cs uc c+t+m + c||+io dc ||ucz+ c cm|cgo |csu|t+ntcs d+ d|vc|s|d+dc tccno-
|og|c+ com o dcv|do +ccsso c+|t+||z+io +os mc|c+dos c s |cdcs (nctwo||s)
|+ + |mo|tnc|+ d+s |ncub+do|+s cst+ ||g+d+ +o c+|+tc| |und+mcnt+| do |occsso dc |ncub+io
uc |nccnt|v+ o cm|ccndcdo||smo tccno|og|co |mu|s|on+ndo o |og|csso tccn|co c + |nov+-
io tccno|og|c+ + gc|+io dc cm|cgo c |cnd+ c +|nd+ c|cv+ndo +s s|nc|g|+s cnt|c os +gcntcs
cnvo|v|dos |ovcndo oo|tun|d+dcs |ncom+|+vc|s +|+ + comun|d+dc ^ux|||+| ||s n+sccntcs
+umcnt+ cons|dc|+vc|mcntc +s c|+nccs dc succsso c d|m|nu| o tcmo ncccss+||o dc +ccsso +os
mc|c+dos c +|+ |cv+nt+| c+|t+| (\|gg|ns C|bson .oo, Vcdovc||o ct +| .oo+) |ssc onto c
|und+mcnt+| o|s o tcmo n+ ||+ do con|cc|mcnto c d+ |n|o|m+io |c|cscnt+ odc|os+s no-
Cu|||c|mc |+mb+|s
:o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
v+s |ontcs dc v+nt+gcm comct|t|v+ (t+|| +,,s) |+|+ |sso +s |ncub+do|+s tcm uc cont+| +|cm
do suo|tc b+s|co dc cs+o ||s|co c |n||+cst|utu|+ com sc|v|os uc +g|cgucm v+|o| s cm|c-
s+s n|sso +s |ncub+do|+s tcm ||bc|d+dc dc dcscn|+| c o|c|t+| dc +co|do com su+s comctcn-
c|+s sc|v|os dc +|to v+|o| +d|c|on+do +tcndcndo s ncccss|d+dcs d+s cm|cs+s |ov|mcnto
dc +ccsso s |cdcs dc ncgoc|os || t+|cnto mcnto|cs c |nvcst|do|cs cst+bc|cc|mcnto dc c|+|+s
mcd|d+s dc +v+||+io do dcscmcn|o d+ |o||+ |ncub+do|+ c d+s cm|cs+s c o| ||m m+s cs-
scnc|+|mcntc |mo|t+ntc +sscgu|+| +ccsso +o ||n+nc|+mcnto o| +|tc d+s cm|cs+s (\|gg|ns
C|bson .oo,)
|o mcsmo n|vc| c dcst+c+do o +c| d+ un|vc|s|d+dc uc ncssc scnt|do nio c dc dcm+nd+|
cm|ccndcdo||smo ou d+| ||o||d+dc + csu|s+s +||c+d+s ou cm con,unto com cm|cs+s m+s
s|m dc c||+| um +mb|cntc cst|mu|+ntc +|+ o cm|ccndcdo||smo +|+ uc os +gcntcs nio sc
vc,+m |mcd|dos dc c uc tcn|+m suo|tc +|+ |n|c|+| +t|v|d+dcs dc t|+nsos|io +o mc|c+do
d+s |dc|+s dcscnvo|v|d+s no mb|to +c+dcm|co |m+ vcz const|tu|d+ +s ||s +ss+m + sc bcnc-
||c|+m |ndc||n|d+mcntc do cstouc c ||uxo dc con|cc|mcnto gc|+do c|+ || d+ un|vc|s|d+dc
(|||||^| +,,| ^||| ^||||C| |||||^| .oo,) |ndo +|cm um+ g|+ndc un|vc|s|d+-
dc c |und+mcnt+| no |occsso dc dcscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+| b+sc+do cm cm|ccnd|mcntos dc
+|t+ tccno|og|+ scndo +ss|m um mc|o d+ |cg|io cm ucstio +t|ng|| o cst+do d+ +|tc cm |ccm|-
ncnc|+ c|cnt|||c+ dcscnvo|v|mcnto c +||mo|+mcnto dc nov+s tccno|og|+s +|+ scto|cs cm +s-
ccnsio c c||+io dc ||s |oc+|s (|||O| | +| +,ss) O c+|+tc| d+ un|vc|s|d+dc dc csu|s+ dc
+|t+ u+||d+dc como c+-c|+vc +|+ o dcscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+| c +m|+mcntc documcnt+do
n+ ||tc|+tu|+ |und+mcnt+d+ cm cv|dcnc|+s cm|||c+s dc |occssos ||sto||cos t+nto +|+ + ||C
(||cgucs |osc||no .ooe) u+nto +|+ cxc||cnc|+s |ntc|n+c|on+|s ||nc|+|mcntc nos |st+dos
|n|dos (m||o| ct +| .oo;)
Concct+ndo + ucstio do dcscnvo|v|mcnto dc cm|cs+s dc +|t+ tccno|og|+ com + cx|stcnc|+ dc
|+to|cs cxogcnos como |ncub+do|+s c un|vc|s|d+dcs dcvcmos |+zc| cons|dc|+ocs sob|c + |n||u-
cnc|+ do cs+o gcog|+||co uc com|ccndc +|cm dcss+s |nst|tu|ocs mcnc|on+d+s no |occs-
so dc dcscnvo|v|mcnto dc ||s c ||s |cstc c+so + +n+||sc sc conccnt|+ sob|c + |cg|io |ct|oo-
||t+n+ dc C+m|n+s o|s c + |oc+||z+io +tu+| dc tod+s ||s c dc ;o/ d+s ||s
,
|odc sc| |ntu|t|vo
cns+| no mb|to d+ tco||+ cconom|c+ o cs+o gcog|+||co como tot+|mcntc cxtc|no cm|c-
s+ ou sc,+ + |oc+||d+dc nio +|ct+ndo |occssos |ntc|nos como dcc|socs dc |nvcst|mcnto |nov+-
io c c||c|cnc|+ dc |oduio |o cnt+nto cv|dcnc|+s cm|||c+s dcmonst|+m uc + |oc+||z+io
c o cs+o gcog|+||co sio |+to|cs-c|+vc n+ cx||c+io dos dctc|m|n+ntcs d+ |nov+io c do su-
ccsso dc cm|cs+s ||g+d+s cconom|+ do con|cc|mcnto (^ud|ctsc| |c|dm+n .oo, |c|dm+n
, |unt+ndo +s du+s +most|+s + c|ccnt+gcm dc cm|cs+s |oc+||z+d+s n+ ||C c dc s|/ ^cs+| dc +|gum+s cm|cs+s nio sc|cm
d+ |cg|io dc C+m|n+s +tu+|mcntc tod+s css+s cm|cs+s tcm como |und+do|cs ou |unc|on+||os cx-+|unos ou os-g|+du+ndos
scndo uc +|gum+s m+ntcm cont+to com |o|csso|cs c t+mbcm |o,ctos com + |n|c+m ou out|+s cm|cs+s |cscntcs n+
|cg|io o|t+nto ncn|um+ cst+ dcsv|ncu|+d+ tot+|mcntc d+ ||C
|m|cs+s dc b+sc tccno|og|c+ |nduz|d+s c csontnc+s n+ |cg|io mct|oo||t+n+
dc C+m|n+s ||m|t+ocs otcnc|+||d+dcs c |c|+ocs com o cs+o gcog|+co
:o,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
.oo, |o|tc| .oo,) ^|cm d+ ,+ cx||c|t+d+ v+nt+gcm dc sc bcnc||c|+| d+ || d+ un|vc|s|d+dc o
mcsmo sc d+ com + || dc g|+ndcs cm|cs+s Out|+s cxtc|n+||d+dcs do t|o s|||-ovc| |nc|ucm
mcno|cs custos dc t|+ns+io c comun|c+io |+c|||t+io d+ d||usio dc con|cc|mcntos t+c|tos
c cconom|+s dc csc+|+ c cscoo (^ud|ctsc| |c|dm+n .oo, |||tto ) | +cs+| dc v|vc|mos cm
um+ ||+ cm uc o custo m+|g|n+| dc t|+ns|c|cnc|+ dc |n|o|m+io c u+sc nu|o |dc|+s |nov+do-
|+s |nv+||+vc|mcntc +t|+vcss+m co||cdo|cs c |u+s m+|s |+c||mcntc do uc occ+nos c cont|ncntcs
bcm obsc|v+ C|+csc| ct +| (+,,. +ud ^ud|ctsc| |c|dm+n .oo,)
3. Metodologia
|+|+ o m+c+mcnto soc|occonom|co d+ |cg|io ut|||z+mos du+s b+scs dc d+dos d+ |und+io
|^|| |csu|s+ dc |nvcst|mcntos ^nunc|+dos do |st+do dc io |+u|o (||||) c |csu|s+ dc
^t|v|d+dc |conom|c+ |+u||st+ (|^||)
|
^ |||| |cg|st|+ todos os |nvcst|mcntos +nunc|+dos o|
cm|cs+s nos ||nc|+|s mc|os dc comun|c+io d+ |m|cns+ os u+|s sio c|cc+dos d||ct+mcntc
com +s cm|cs+s +|+ vc|+c|d+dc dos |+tos Os v+|o|cs cstio d|son|vc|s cm do|+|cs +mc||c+-
nos convc|t|dos com b+sc n+ cot+io mcd|+ do mcs cm uc o |nvcst|mcnto |o| +nunc|+do |o|
const+t+do du+s ||m|t+ocs os v+|o|cs +nunc|+dos odcm nio co||csondc| +o uc |o| c|ct|v+-
mcntc |nvcst|do no +no c nio |+ v+|o|cs cst+t|st|c+mcntc s|gn|||c+ntcs +|+ o scto| dc sc|v|os
|o cnt+nto cons|dc|+mos os v+|o|cs um+ |oxy v+||d+ +|+ um+ +|ox|m+io d+ d|nm|c+ dos
|nvcst|mcntos
,
|ndust||+|s n+ |cg|io |+ + |^|| c b+sc+d+ cm ucst|on+||os +||c+dos |n |ocus n+s
cm|cs+s (+ u|t|m+ csu|s+ d|son|vc| c dc .oo+) |+|+ + const|tu|io d+ +most|+ +s scgu|ntcs
|cm|ss+s sio +dot+d+s n+ |ndust||+ com+n||+s cnt|c c|nco c ., |unc|on+||os sio |nvcst|g+d+s
+|c+to||+mcntc c com+n||+s com ,o ou m+|s |unc|on+||os sio |nvcst|g+d+s n+ su+ tot+||d+dc
no scto| dc sc|v|os + csu|s+ c +|c+to||+ +|+ com+n||+s uc ossucm dc um + ,, |unc|on+-
||os c +|+ cm|cs+s com +oo ou m+|s cm|cg+dos + csu|s+ c nov+mcntc +||c+d+ ou|+-
io tot+| |n|o|m+ocs sob|c v+|o| +d|c|on+do c |+to|cs dc dcc|sio +|+ |oc+||z+io n+ ||C sio
cons|dc|+d+s + +|t|| dc un|d+dcs |odut|v+s |oc+|s mcsmo uc + m+t||z cstc,+ |oc+||z+d+ cm
out|o |ug+| |o cnt+nto |n|o|m+ocs sob|c |nov+io +tcntcs c |ontcs dc |n|o|m+io +|+ |no-
v+io |o|+m |cu|s|t+d+s d+ m+t||z mcsmo uc |oc+||z+d+ cm out|+ |cg|io com |sso co||c-sc
o ||sco dc d|sto|cc| os |+tos m+s cons|dc|+mos nov+mcntc um+ |oxy v+||d+
Cons|dc|+ocs sob|c numc|o dc cm|cgos c csso+| +|oc+do +|+ +t|v|d+dcs dc || c|cnc|+ c
cngcn|+||+ sio cxt|+|dos do |c|+io ^nu+| dc |n|o|m+ocs oc|+|s (|^|) do ||n|stc||o do |+-
b+||o c |m|cgo |ss+ b+sc dc d+dos c+tu|+ todo o cm|cgo |o|m+| d+ |cg|io
| ^ |^|| |o| consu|t+d+ d||ct+mcntc no sc|v|do| |oc+| d+ |^|| +|+ +ccsso |||cst||to +os d+dos
, ^u| cons|dc|+mos + d|nm|c+ do |nvcst|mcnto como os |nvcst|mcntos sc como|t+m cm |c|+io +o tcmo (cm +nos) +o
v+|o| (cm ||) c comos|io (|nst+|+io +m||+io modc|n|z+io c ||)
Cu|||c|mc |+mb+|s
:oo
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
|m |c|+io csu|s+ com +s cm|cs+s |nduz|d+s c csontnc+s |o| dcscnvo|v|do um ucst|o-
n+||o
e
+|+ c+d+ ou|+io +|vo Os ucst|on+||os |o|+m dcscnvo|v|dos no |nst|tuto |C
.
d+ |n|-
vc|s|d+dc do cx+s cm ^ust|n |oduto do con|cc|mcnto +cumu|+do d+ |nst|tu|io c dc novos
dcscnvo|v|mcntos cscc|||cos +|+ c+d+ ou|+io c cnv|+dos cm |+|o dc .oos cm scgu|d+
t+mbcm |o|+m cnv|+dos do|s |cmb|ctcs com um |ntc|v+|o dc du+s scm+n+s c+d+
|+ const|tu|io d+ ou|+io dc cm|cs+s ||g+d+s s |ncub+do|+s |o| |c|t+ um+ csu|s+ n+ |ntc|-
nct + u+| |dcnt|||cou ,, com+n||+s d+s u+|s ,s com cndc|co c|ct|on|co v+||do un|co mc|o
ut|||z+do +|+ cont+to |+s ,s com+n||+s uc |cccbc|+m o ucst|on+||o +s |csondc|+m tot+||-
z+ndo um+ t+x+ dc |cto|no dc ,+/ |m+ t+x+ dc |cto|no um ouco mcno| dc .|/ |o| vc||||c+d+
+|+ + ou|+io dc ||||+s d+ |n|c+m cst+bc|cccndo um+ +most|+ dc .. ||s dc um tot+| dc
,o cm|cs+s ^ b+sc dc d+dos |o| |o|ncc|d+ c|+ ^gcnc|+ dc |nov+io d+ |n|c+m Como + cons-
t|tu|io d+s +most|+s |o| o| um |occsso dc convcn|cnc|+ scndo + +|t|c|+io n+ csu|s+ cs-
t||t+mcntc vo|unt+||+ nio sc odc cxt|+o|+| os |csu|t+dos com con||+b|||d+dc cst+t|st|c+ +|+ o
un|vc|so tot+| dc ||s c ||s |o cnt+nto como cons|dc|+mos tc| um+ bo+ t+x+ dc |csost+ c cc|t+
convc|gcnc|+ dos |csu|t+dos c+t+io dos +scctos gc|+|s c c||t|cos cons|dc|+mos os |csu|t+-
dos +u| um+ |+zo+vc| +|ox|m+io +|+ + ou|+io tot+| d+s cm|cs+s |nvcst|g+d+s
^ +|tc comum do ucst|on+||o sc |c|c|c s |nd|c+ocs dc dcscmcn|o cstouc;||uxo dc co-
n|cc|mcnto c |c|+io com + |n|c+m +no dc |und+io numc|o dc cm|cg+dos |+tu|+mcnto
b|uto cm .oo; |ontc;u+nt|d+dc dc c+|t+| |cv+nt+do dcsdc + |und+io c sc + cm|cs+ cst+
conscgu|ndo |cv+nt+| c+|t+| su||c|cntc +|+ c|cscc| com succsso sc + cm|cs+ ossu| dc+|t+-
mcnto;scio dc || cst|utu|+do c o g+sto cm || como c|ccnt+gcm do |+tu|+mcnto b|uto
numc|o dc |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| (||) +tcntcs ||ccn+s c d||c|tos +uto|+|s c o| ||m n+tu-
|cz+ d+ |c|+io com + |n|c+m c cxcct+t|v+s |utu|+s
|scc|||c+mcntc +|+ +s ||s cx|stc um+ scio +|+ u+||||c+io dos sc|v|os |cccb|dos du|+ntc o
|occsso dc |ncub+io +ont+ndo ondc +s |ncub+do|+s |o|+m m+|s utc|s c |ovcndo sugcstocs
+|+ mc||o||+s Out|o onto |nvcst|g+do c sc +s cm|cs+s +|nd+ ncccss|t+m dc m+|s +ux|||o ||g+-
do s oc|+ocs csscnc|+|s d+ cm|cs+ c dc +ccsso +os mc|c+dos uc nio o cst+do dc io |+u|o
^dcm+|s no ucst|on+||o +||c+do || cx|stc um+ +|c+ +|+ u+||||c+io d+ |n|c+m no |ov|-
mcnto dc um +mb|cntc |+vo|+vc| com suo|tc +o cm|ccndcdo||smo |o| c|gunt+do t+mbcm
+ |mo|tnc|+ dc d|vc|sos |+to|cs +|+ + csco||+ d+ |oc+||z+io n+ ||C |ss+ +|tc |o| |c|t+ + sc-
mc||+n+ do ucst|on+||o d+ |^|| sc|v|ndo cmbo|+ |ust|c+mcntc +|+ oss|vc|s com+|+ocs
cnt|c +s +most|+s +n+||s+d+s
e ucst|on+||os d|son|vc|s mcd|+ntc cont+to
|m|cs+s dc b+sc tccno|og|c+ |nduz|d+s c csontnc+s n+ |cg|io mct|oo||t+n+
dc C+m|n+s ||m|t+ocs otcnc|+||d+dcs c |c|+ocs com o cs+o gcog|+co
:o)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
4. Consideraes sobre o espao geogrco
^ ||C tcm s|do +|vo dc d|vc|sos cstudos cm g|+ndc mcd|d+ o| sc| cons|dc|+d+ um o|o dc +|t+
tccno|og|+ cm |c|+io ||nc|+|mcntc tccno|og|+ d+ |n|o|m+io c comun|c+io c +t|v|d+dcs dc
|| |cccbcndo nio so |ccon|cc|mcnto n+c|on+| m+s t+mbcm |ntc|n+c|on+| cm .ooo + \||cd
|+g+z|nc c|cgcu C+m|n+s como um dos |e ccnt|os tccno|og|cos m+|s |ccm|ncntcs do mun-
do
;
|unt+mcntc com + c|d+dc dc io |+u|o |o|+m +s un|c+s c|d+dcs csco|||d+s n+ ^mc||c+ |+t|n+
cgundo uz|g+n (.oo,) + ||C c + scgund+ |cg|io no cst+do uc m+|s conccnt|+ |nst|tutos dc
csu|s+ d+s c|cnc|+s ||s|c+s c n+tu|+|s cm um tot+| dc +e cst+bc|cc|mcntos uc cm|cg+m +,|.
csso+s |+ + |n|c+m |c|cscnt+ +,/ d+ csu|s+ conccnt|+ndo u+sc + tot+||d+dc d+s u-
b||c+ocs n+ ||C |ndcx+d+s c|o |nst|tutc |o| c|cnt|||c |n|o|m+t|on c +o/ dc todos os cu|sos
dc os-g|+du+io no ||+s|| ^tc .oo; + |n|c+m t|n|+ +cumu|+do ,s. +tcntcs c ,, ||ccn+s
sc to|n+ndo ||dc| b|+s||c||o no c||odo dc +,,, + .oo, cm |cg|st|o dc +tcntcs dc +co|do com
|nst|tuto |+c|on+| dc ||o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| cndo uc |ov+vc|mcntc cont|nu+ ||dc| o|s o
numc|o dc +tcntcs d|s+|ou +os .oo. |cg|st|+ndo um tot+| dc ;e +tcntcs cm .oo; cm g|+n-
dc +|tc dcv|do c||+io d+ ^gcnc|+ dc |nov+io d+ |n|c+m (|nov+) cm .oo, + u+| comcou
+ |ovc| + b+sc do |occsso dc t|+ns|c|cnc|+ c comc|c|+||z+io dc tccno|og|+ c suo|tc com
|| csscnc|+|mcntc ncccss+||os +|+ um+ un|vc|s|d+dc uc dcsc,c cont||bu|| d||ct+mcntc +|+
gc|+io dc cm|cgos c ||ucz+ ^d|c|on+|mcntc + voc+io cm|ccndcdo|+ d+ un|vc|s|d+dc c
cv|dcnc|+d+ c|os numc|o dc c||+io dc st+|t-us +s ||||+s d+ |n|c+m tot+||z+ndo ++e cm
.oo, dcsdc +,;, t+mbcm com |o|tc |nc|cmcnto +os .oo+;.oo. ^ d+t+b+sc |nd|c+ + c||+io dc
+|ox|m+d+mcntc ,+;, cm|cgos o| css+s cm|cs+s
|c um+ |o|m+ m+|s gc|+| + ||C |c|cscnt+ s/ do ||| cst+du+| com ||| c| c+|t+ dc +|ox|-
m+d+mcntc |,.oooo +mbos os v+|o|cs +|+ o +no dc .oo, |m .oo. |+v|+m cc|c+ dc .oooo
cstud+ntcs dc n|vc| suc||o| n+s +|c+s dc cngcn|+||+ const|uio c |oduio c|cnc|+s m+tcm+-
t|c+ c comut+io com um+ o|c|t+ dc cc|c+ dc .,oo g|+du+ndos o| +no |m .oo, o ccnso
|ndust||+| do ||^| |cvc|ou uc C+m|n+s c|+ + tc|cc||+ c|d+dc no ||+s|| uc m+|s c||+v+ cm|c-
gos |ndust||+|s c o |cv+nt+mcnto d+ Vocc ;^-|CV cm .ooe u+||||cou + c|d+dc como o o|t+vo
mc||o| |ug+| +|+ sc t|+b+||+| no ||+s||
|+|t|ndo dcstc ccn+||o b+s|co o ob,ct|vo +go|+ c m+c+| + cconom|+ +|+ sc c|cg+| + um d|+gnos-
t|co com|ccns|vo com b+sc cm|||c+ +|+ +|||m+| sc + ||C ossu| otcnc|+| dc dcscnvo|v|mcnto
dc +|t+ tccno|og|+ n+ |ndust||+ c no scto| dc sc|v|os c|cc|on+mos o|to scto|cs d+ |ndust||+ uc +o
; ^ |cv|st+ u+||cou +s c|d+dcs cm um+ csc+|+ dc + + | cm u+t|o c+tcgo||+s un|vc|s|d+dcs g|+ndcs cm|cs+s cm|ccndcdo-
||smo c +t|+io dc c+|t+| dc ||sco C+m|n+s |cccbcu not+s | , + c o |cscct|v+mcntc
Cu|||c|mc |+mb+|s
:os
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
nosso cntcndc| ossucm +|to otcnc|+| |nov+t|vo c dc |nduz|| s|||-ovc|s
s
scndo csscs (+) |c||no dc
ct|o|co |+b||c+io dc coc+ combust|vc| nuc|c+| c ct+no| (.) |odutos u|m|cos c |+|m+ccut|cos
(,) m+u|n+s c cu|+mcntos (|) m+u|n+s d|sos|t|vos c m+tc||+|s c|ct||cos (,) m+tc||+| c|ct|on|-
co c cu|+mcntos c d|sos|t|vos dc comun|c+io (e) |oduio c mont+gcm dc +utomovc|s (;)
|nst|umcntos mcd|cos ot|cos c dc |cc|sio c cu|+mcnto dc +utom+io |ndust||+| c (s) comu-
t+do|cs c m+u|n+s c cu|+mcntos dc csc||to||o | +|+ o scto| dc sc|v|os (+) tc|ccomun|c+ocs
(.) tccno|og|+ d+ |n|o|m+io c +t|v|d+dcs |c|+c|on+d+s c (,) csu|s+ c dcscnvo|v|mcnto
Os scto|cs |ndust||+|s su|+c|t+dos |nvcstcm n+ |+|x+ dc |,eoo m|||ocs + |,+. b|||ocs o| +no
cons|dc|+ndo o c||odo dc +,,, + .oos ^ m+|o||+ dcsscs |nvcst|mcntos sio cons|dc|+dos dc |nst+-
|+io c +m||+io cm mcno| csc+|+ tcm-sc o |nvcst|mcnto do t|o modc|n|z+io cnu+nto uc
os |nvcst|mcntos c+|+ctc||z+dos como dc csu|s+ dcscnvo|v|mcnto sio u+sc |ncx|stcntcs cm
g|+ndc csc+|+ +nunc|+dos somcntc nos +nos .oo| c .ooe tot+||z+ndo +|ox|m+d+mcntc |,.o
m|||ocs |+ gc|+io dc cm|cgo c ||ucz+ os o|tos scto|cs sc|cc|on+dos conccnt|+m ||/ do cm-
|cgo |o|m+| |ndust||+| c ;o/ do v+|o| +d|c|on+do n+ ||C C+bc dcst+c+| uc os scto|cs (+) c (,)
conccnt|+m |o/ c ,.,/ do v+|o| +d|c|on+do cst+du+| cm |c|+io + c+d+ scto| |nd|v|du+|mcntc
^dcm+|s o scto| (,) +bso|vc .s/ d+ mio-dc-ob|+ |ndust||+| |c|+c|on+do + cssc scto| no cst+do
|+|+ cm|cgos cxc|us|v+mcntc ||g+dos + +t|v|d+dcs dc || + conccnt|+io n+ ||C c u+sc uc
cxc|us|vo cm (.) c (,) com +|ox|m+d+mcntc ||/ c ,,,/ do csso+| +|oc+do |cscct|v+mcntc
^d|c|on+|mcntc +|+ o scto| (,) cssc v+|o| c|cg+ + u+sc so/ do csso+| +|oc+do cm |c|+io +
cssc scto| no cst+do |o| ||m o csso+| +|oc+do cm c|cnc|+ c cngcn|+||+ ++|ccc com dcst+uc
+|+ o scto| +utomob|||st|co com .;/ do csso+| dcnt|c + |cg|io |+ cm |c|+io +o cst+do + m+|o|
conccnt|+io c cm comun|c+io nov+mcntc (,,,/ do csso+|) dcst+c+ndo-sc t+mbcm o scto|
dc comut+do|cs o u+| conccnt|+ .,,/ dos c|cnt|st+s c cngcn|c||os do cst+do dc io |+u|o
|o cnt+nto +cs+| d+ +|t+ conccnt|+io dc mio-dc-ob|+ cscc|+||z+d+ c dc |oduio dc v+|o|
+g|cg+do + gc|+io dc +tcntcs c + |nt|oduio dc |nov+ocs c|o scto| ||v+do mcd|do do +no
dc +,,, + .oo+ +|nd+ cstio cm +t+m+|cs b+|xos com+|+do com o otcnc|+| d+ |cg|io |c e+,
cm|cs+s n+ +most|+ +., sc cons|dc|+|+m |nov+t|v+s
,
scndo uc dcst+s +cn+s ,| cm|cs+s
|cg|st|+|+m +|gum+ +tcntc
^s ||nc|+|s |ontcs dc |n|o|m+io +|+ |nov+io |o|+m cons|dc|+d+s como scndo o |o||o dc-
+|t+mcnto dc || os c||cntcs c os |o|ncccdo|cs ^ |n||+cst|utu|+ |ntc||gcntc t|+ns|c|cnc|+
c comc|c|+||z+io dc tccno|og|+ |nst|tutos dc csu|s+ c un|vc|s|d+dcs +|cscnt+ |csu|t+do
mu|to modcsto cons|dc|+ndo o otcnc|+| dcssc t|o dc |n||+cst|utu|+ dc |nduz|| |nov+io c d|-
vc|s|||c+io tccno|og|c+
s Os ||mc||os sc|s scto|cs +|cscnt+dos |c|cscnt+m |.,;/ do todo g+sto com || n+ |ndust||+ b|+s||c||+ (.. scto|cs) scgun-
do + ||||C dc .oo,
, |nt|oduio dc |oduto ou |occsso novo |ncx|stcntc no mc|c+do n+c|on+|
|m|cs+s dc b+sc tccno|og|c+ |nduz|d+s c csontnc+s n+ |cg|io mct|oo||t+n+
dc C+m|n+s ||m|t+ocs otcnc|+||d+dcs c |c|+ocs com o cs+o gcog|+co
:o,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
cndo +ss|m nio odcmos cons|dc|+| uc |ndust||+ cm gc|+| cont||bu+ cons|dc|+vc|mcntc com
c|c|tos s|||-ovc| +|+ +s ||s no scnt|do dc +cc|c|+| o |og|csso tccn|co c o dcscnvo|v|mcnto
b+sc+do cm tccno|og|+ n+ |cg|io o|s nio |+ cons|dc|+vc|s |nvcst|mcntos cm || c + g|+ndc
m+|o||+ d+s cm|cs+s nio cstio tot+|mcntc |ntcg|+d+s n+ |n||+cst|utu|+ |ntc||gcntc d+ |cg|io o
uc odc||+ comcns+| + +uscnc|+ dc || |o||o
|o| ||m o scto| dc tccno|og|+ dc |n|o|m+io c csu|s+ c dcscnvo|v|mcnto +|cscnt+m t+mbcm
conccnt|+io dc cm|cgos c||+dos n+ |cg|io no scto| dc sc|v|os m+|c+ndo +./ c ||/ |cscc-
t|v+mcntc ^d|c|on+|mcntc o scto| dc || conccnt|+ v+|o| +d|c|on+do c cm|cgos dc c|cnc|+
c cngcn|+||+ cm |c|+io +o tot+| cst+du+| dcssc scto| |cscct|v+mcntc n+ m+|c+ dc ,|/ c e,/
^t|+vcs d+ +n+||sc dos d+dos cv|dcnc|+mos + conccnt|+io d+ +t|v|d+dc cconom|c+ d+ |cg|io
cm scto|cs uc ossucm otcnc|+| |nov+t|vo c t+mbcm um+ conccnt|+io cm |c|+io +o tot+|
do cst+do cm to|no dcsscs scto|cs
+o
|o| su+ vcz con|||m+ndo + ||otcsc dc o|o tccno|og|co
+t||bu|do ||C |o cnt+nto cons|dc|+mos um o|o dcv|do conccnt|+io dc +t|v|d+dc dc
|oduio c ostos dc t|+b+||o cm scto|cs dc |nov+io otcnc|+| m+s nio dcv|do cx|stcnc|+
dc n|vc|s c|cv+dos dc d|n+m|smo |nov+do| n+ |ndust||+ c |ntcg|+io dcst+ com + |n||+cst|utu|+
|ntc||gcntc o uc otcnc|+||z+||+ + c++c|d+dc cx|stcntc n+ |cg|io
5. Resultados dos questionrios e discusso
|m |c|+io s c+|+ctc||st|c+s cst||t+mcntc cndogcn+s d+s ||s c ||s +|cscnt+mos +go|+ um con-
,unto dc v+||+vc|s b+s|c+s dcss+s cm|cs+s como +no dc |und+io numc|o dc cm|cg+dos g+s-
to com || +ccsso +o ||n+nc|+mcnto c |+tu|+mcnto b|uto |sc|+-sc |+zc| um+ |c|+io cnt|+
css+s v+||+vc|s c t+mbcm cnt|c +s +most|+s +|+ cm scgu|d+ |osscgu|| c +n+||s+| |+to|cs cxtc|-
nos s cm|cs+s
1abela + ^no dc |und+io
1c4 1c 11 1 1 1c .000 .00. .004 .00 .00o .00 .00c ot+|
|| 1 . 1 ! . 0 1 ! 1 1 . 0 ..
|| 0 0 0 0 . 1 0 ! . 1 1 1 1c
|co:e |aacs aa |esasa
+o ^s t+bc|+s c g|+cos |c+||z+ndo um cxtcnso m+c+mcnto sc cncont|+m cm |+mb+|s (.oo,)
Cu|||c|mc |+mb+|s
:+o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
|st+ c|+|o c|+ +bc|+ + uc +s +most|+s sio const|tu|d+s n+ su+ m+|o||+ o| cm|cs+s |c|+t|v+-
mcntc nov+s cscc|+|mcntc cons|dc|+ndo-sc + +most|+ dc ||s |m |c|+io c||+io dc cm|c-
gos tcm-sc .,, n+ +most|+ dc ||s c ,os n+ dc ||s scndo uc dcstcs .,. cstio |oc+||z+dos |o|+ d+
||C |m+ mc||o| +|ox|m+io d+ d|st||bu|io dos ostos dc t|+b+||o cst+ cxost+ n+ ||gu|+ +
EI Incubada
6,0
0 25 50 75 100 125
5,0
4,0
3,0
2,0
1,0
,0
F
r
e
q
u

n
c
i
a
EI Graduada
0 25 50 75 100 125
EE
0 25 50 75 100 125
|co:e |aacs aa |esasa
Figura : ||st||bu|io dos ostos dc t|+b+||o cm .oo;
Obsc|v+-sc uc +s cm|cs+s +|nd+ cm |occsso dc |ncub+io ossucm um+ d|st||bu|io mu|to
conccnt|+d+ o uc c csc|+do o|s no|m+|mcntc css+s cm|cs+s comc+m com +|guns soc|os
cx+nd|ndo o numc|o dc cm|cg+dos somcntc +os + conso||d+io d+ cm|cs+ como c dc-
monst|+do no g|+||co |c|cscnt+ndo +s ||s g|+du+d+s |+ +s ||s ossucm um+ +m|+ d|st||bu|-
io |+to cstc dcv|do + m+|o| d|vc|s|d+dc dc scto|cs
++
c m+|o| tcmo cm oc|+io d+s cm|cs+s
|c|cscnt+d+s n+ +most|+
O cont|+||o sc vc||||c+ u+ndo sc cons|dc|+ + d|st||bu|io dos g+stos cm || como c|ccnt+-
gcm do |+tu|+mcnto b|uto dc .oo; dcmonst|+do n+ ||gu|+ . Como +|gum+s d+s cm|cs+s |n-
cub+d+s cstio dcscnvo|vcndo |odutos +|t+mcntc |nov+do|cs c ncccss+||o um+ g|+ndc c+|g+ dc
|| nos |occssos |n|c|+|s |+zcndo com uc o g+sto sc,+ m+|s d|sc|so ^os + g|+du+io +s ||s
tcndcm + conccnt|+| os g+stos cm n|vc|s mcno|cs m+s +|nd+ dcv|do +|t+ c+|g+ tccno|og|c+ do
|oduto ||nc|+| dc +|gum+s dcss+s cm|cs+s + d|st||bu|io sc m+ntcm m+|s d|sc|s+ do uc
d+ +most|+ dc ||s |ss+s n+ su+ m+|o||+ conccnt|+m os g+stos cm || cm n|vc|s mcno|cs uc
.o/ do |+tu|+mcnto b|uto scndo uc + m+|o| conccnt|+io oco||c no ||mc||o dcc||
++ |nu+nto +s ||s sc conccnt|+m no scto| dc tccno|og|+ d+ |n|o|m+io c comun|c+io +s ||s +|cscnt+m um+ d|vc|s|d+dc
mu|to m+|o| com|ccndcndo t+mbcm o scto| n+ncc||o b|otccno|og|+ m+nu|+tu|+ cnt|c out|os
|m|cs+s dc b+sc tccno|og|c+ |nduz|d+s c csontnc+s n+ |cg|io mct|oo||t+n+
dc C+m|n+s ||m|t+ocs otcnc|+||d+dcs c |c|+ocs com o cs+o gcog|+co
:++
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,

EI Incubada
6,0
0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100
5,0
4,0
3,0
2,0
1,0
,0
F
r
e
q
u

n
c
i
a
EI Graduada EE
|co:e |aacs aa |esasa
|lgura :. ||st||bu|io dos g+stos cm || (/ do |+tu|+mcnto) cm .oo;
|o cnt+nto cnu+nto tod+s ||s m+ntcm +t|v|d+dcs dc || e+/ com dc+|t+mcnto ou scio
|o||os +|+ +s +t|v|d+dcs s/ d+s ||s nio |c+||z+m +t|v|d+dc dc || c d+s uc |c+||z+m ,,/
+|cscnt+m um dc+|t+mcnto ou scio dc || ^ |o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+| uc +dvcm dcss+s
+t|v|d+dcs ou dc +t|v|d+dcs +ntc||o|cs + c||+io d+s cm|cs+s oss|b|||t+ndo css+s dc sc cst+bc-
|ccc|cm cstio cxost+s n+ +bc|+ .
+.

1abela :. ||o||cd+dc |ntc|cctu+|
||
|| |cn|um+ |+tcntcs ||ccn+s
|||c|tos
^uto|+|s
Com+n||+s com || 111 (.) 444 (c) ... (4) 1oo (!) (1) 1000 (1c)
|umc|o ^bso|uto dc || - - 1c 1 .4
||
Com+n||+s com || 1c. (4) !o4 (c) 1!o (!) 1 (.) ..() 1000 (..)
|umc|o ^bso|uto dc || - - ! o 1o .
|co:e |aacs aa |esasa
,

^|ox|m+d+mcntc mct+dc d+s cm|cs+s n+s du+s +most|+s ossucm +|gum t|o dc || d||c-
|cnc|+ndo-sc no t|o dc |o||cd+dc + m+|o||+ d+s ||s ossucm +tcntcs ,+ + m+|o||+ d+s ||
ossucm d||c|tos +uto|+|s ^d|c|on+|mcntc d+s uc ossucm +|gum t|o dc || tod+s dcc|+|+|+m
+. |+ t+bc|+ . cm d|+ntc c obcdcc|do o scgu|ntc +d|io n+ +|cscnt+io dos |csu|t+dos ||mc||o + ||cucnc|+ |c|+t|v+ com +
||cucnc|+ +bso|ut+ cnt|c +|cntcscs Ou somcntc ||cucnc|+ +bso|ut+
+, || |io |csondcu
Guilherme Lambais
:+:
Parc. Estrat. Braslia-DF v. n. p. - jul-dez
utiliz-las no processo de produo. Apesar de uma situao que pode ser considerada positiva
em relao existncia de P&D dentre as populaes alvo, pode-se afirmar que, possivelmente,
as EIs possuem maior contedo tecnolgico do que as EEs.
Em relao capitalizao das empresas, um dos pontos mais fundamentais no processo de for-
mao de empresas, pedimos elas que informassem o montante e a fonte do capital levantado
desde a formao da empresa. Os dados esto apresentados na Tabela .a e .b.
1abela ,.a: Capital Levantado (R) EI
0
1
-
50.000
50.001
-
100.000
100.001
-
150.000
150.001
-
200.000
200.001
-
250.000
> 250.000
Programas Governamentais 33.3 (6) 11.1 (2) 5.5 (1) 11.1 (2) 0 0 38.8 (7) 100.0 (18)
Capital de Risco 88.9 (16) 0 0 0 0 0 11.1 (2) 100.0 (18)
Bancos Privados 88.9 (16) 5.5 (1) 0 0 0 0 5.56 (1) 100.0 (18)
Scios 38.9 (7) 22.2 (4) 5.5 (1) 11.1 (2) 11.11 (2) 0 11.1 (2) 100.0 (18)
Recursos prprios, famlia, amigos 44.4 (8) 33.3 (6) 22.2 (4) 0 0 0 0 100.0 (18)
|co:e |aacs aa |esasa
1abela ,.b. Capital Levantado (R) EE
0
1
-
50.000
50.001
-
100.000
100.001
-
150.000
150.001
-
200.000
200.001
-
250.000
> 250.000
Programas Governamentais 55 (11) 10 (2) 10 (2) 5 (1) 0 0 20 (4) 100 (20)
Capital de Risco 90 (18) 5 (1) 0 0 0 0 5 (1) 100 (20)
Bancos Privados 65 (13) 20 (4) 0 5 (1) 0 0 10 (2) 100 (20)
Scios 15 (3) 40 (8) 10 (2) 0 5 (1) 5 (1) 25 (5) 100 (20)
Recursos prprios, famlia, amigos 40 (8) 30 (6) 0 10 (2) 0 5 (1) 15 (3) 100 (20)
|co:e |aacs aa |esasa
Para as duas amostras, a fonte mais frequente de capitalizao so scios, recursos prprios e
programas governamentais, por ordem de influncia. Sendo que programas governamentais so
as formas mais utilizadas para levantamentos de R. ou mais. Bancos privados e capital
de risco (venture capital) foram as fontes menos usadas; apenas trs empresas tiveram acesso ao
Empresas de base tecnolgica induzidas e espontneas na regio metropolitana
de Campinas: limitaes, potencialidades e relaes com o espao geogrco
:+,
Parc. Estrat. Braslia-DF v. n. p. - jul-dez
capital de risco, que tido como umas das formas mais poderosas de alavancagem de EBTs. A
seguir, na Figura , vemos se esse capital suficiente, ou seja, se as empresas esto conseguindo
ou no levantar capital suficiente para o crescimento da empresa com sucesso.
EI Incubada
60,0%
Sim No
40,0%
20,0%
0,0%
Sim No Sim No
EI Graduada EE
|co:e |aacs aa |esasa
|lgura ,. Capital Suciente
A maioria das empresas em processo de formao (EI incubada) ainda no esto seguras de que
tm acesso a capital suficiente para o sucesso da empresa. Em contraste, nas duas outras cate-
gorias (EI Graduada e EE) a situao se inverte, e a maioria diz que tem acesso a capital suficiente.
No entanto, os valores para as empresas que no tem acesso alto e no caso das EE a situao
de uma quase igualdade entre as que tem acesso e as que no tem.
Dado as informaes apresentadas sobre capitalizao, primeira vista a situao preocupante,
no sentido de um diagnstico de ausncia de canais suficientes de financiamento. As empresas
tem que se apoiar majoritariamente em poupana previamente constituda ou em programas
governamentais. Considerando que na teoria econmica (ps)keynesiana o crescimento econ-
mico gerado primeiramente pelo investimento financiado seja este privado ou estatal, sendo
prefervel o privado em tempos normais o qual ativa a demanda agregada e no final, possi-
velmente, gera poupana, o investimento das EBTs esto dependentes de relaes que conside-
ramos limitadoras. Dependentes da relao (neo)clssica de poupana e investimento da pou-
pana como geradora dos investimentos e tambm da disponibilidades de recursos estatais,
os quais podem estar sujeitos s limitaes de financiamento do Estado e do empenho dos que
formulam as polticas de financiamento e dos que liberam os recursos.
Cu|||c|mc |+mb+|s
:+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
|o| ||m n+ cons|dc|+io dos +scctos b+s|cos +|+ + c+|+ctc||z+io d+s cm|cs+s + ||gu|+ |
+|cscnt+ o |+tu|+mcnto b|uto cm .oo;
EI Incubada
NR
<120.000
120.000
1.200.000
>1.200.000
50,0%
40,0%
30,0%
20,0%
10,0%
0,0%
NR
<120.000
120.000
1.200.000
>1.200.000
NR
<120.000
120.000
1.200.000
>1.200.000
EI Graduada EE
|co:e |aacs aa |esasa
|lgura . |+tu|+mcnto ||uto (|,) cm .oo;
Obsc|v+-sc cm |c|+io s ||s uc o |+tu|+mcnto tcndc + c|cscc| +os + conso||d+io d+ cm-
|cs+ com + m+|o||+ d+s |||m+s |+tu|+ndo +nu+|mcntc cnt|c |,+.ooo c |,+.ooooo c .o/ |+tu-
|+ndo m+|s dc |,+.ooooo |+ +s ||s dcmonst|+m tc| um n|vc| dc |+tu|+mcnto um ouco m+|s
c|cv+do com +|ox|m+d+mcntc |,/ dc|+s |+tu|+ndo m+|s dc |,+.ooooo |o cnt+nto um+ t+-
bu|+io c|uz+d+ do +no dc |und+io com o n|vc| dc |+tu|+mcnto dcmonst|+ uc +s cm|cs+s
com d+t+ dc |und+io +ntc||o| + .oo. sio +s uc |+tu|+m m+|s |ndccndcntcmcntc d+ +mos-
t|+
+|
|ogo + +most|+ dc ||s tcndc + +|cscnt+| m+|o| |+tu|+mcnto o| ossu|| m+|s cm|cs+s
com m+|o| tcmo cm oc|+io |o|t+nto conc|u|mos uc nio |+ d||c|cn+s s|gn|||c+t|v+s do
n|vc| dc |+tu|+mcnto cnt|c os do|s g|uos dc ||s
Cons|dc|+ndo +go|+ +s |c|+ocs com + |n|c+m +s cm|cs+s dcc|+|+|+m + n+tu|cz+ dc su+s
|c|+ocs com + un|vc|s|d+dc c su+s cxcct+t|v+s |utu|+s +cc|c+ dcsscs |c|+c|on+mcntos ^s |cs-
ost+s +|cscnt+d+s n+s +bc|+s |+ c |b |+zcm + concxio d+s oc|+ocs d+s ||s c ||s como
dccndcntcs dc |+to|cs cxtc|nos s cm|cs+s ^ com|ccnsio d+ n+tu|cz+ dcss+s |c|+ocs cn-
t|c ||s ||s c + un|vc|s|d+dc sio |mo|t+ntcs +|+ c|ct|v+mcntc c|+ss|||c+| u+|s sio os t|os dc
concxocs |c+||z+d+s co|oc+ndo-+s como cond|c|on+ntcs no |occsso dc dcscnvo|v|mcnto dc
+| |io dcmonst|+do +|+ |otcgc| + condcnc|+||d+dc d+s cm|cs+s
|m|cs+s dc b+sc tccno|og|c+ |nduz|d+s c csontnc+s n+ |cg|io mct|oo||t+n+
dc C+m|n+s ||m|t+ocs otcnc|+||d+dcs c |c|+ocs com o cs+o gcog|+co
:+,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
||s ^s dcsc||ocs d+s |ntc|+ocs |o|+m +g|u+d+s b+sc+d+s n+ t+xonom|+ dcscnvo|v|d+ o|
Vcdovc||o (+,,s)
1abela .a. |ntc|+io |n|vc|s|d+dc-|m|cs+ ||
|unc+ tcvc |c|+ocs com + |n|c+m 1oo` (!)
|ot|vo
|u|oc|+c|+
^uscnc|+ dc || n+ +|c+ d+ cm|cs+
cm ou tcvc |c|+ocs com + |n|c+m c!!` (1)
|o dc |ntc|+io
||n| |n|o|m+| cont+to csso+| com doccntcs c csu|s+do|cs +ccsso ||tc|+tu|+ cscc|+||z+d+ +ccsso + csu|s+s |ntc|n+s
dos dc+|t+mcntos +ccsso ut|||z+io dc cu|+mcntos +|t|c|+io cm scm|n+||os con|c|cnc|+s cu|sos c t|c|n+mcntos
||n| dc |ccu|sos |um+nos cnvo|v|mcnto dc cstud+ntcs cm |o,ctos |cc|ut+mcnto dc cngcn|c||os c c|cnt|st+s
cxc||cntcs t|c|n+mcnto |o|m+| c o|g+n|z+do dc |unc|on+||os n+ un|vc|s|d+dc
||n| |o|m+| consu|to||+ o| +|tc dc doccntcs c csu|s+do|cs |unc|on+||o d+ cm|cs+ m|n|st|+ cu|so n+ un|vc|s|d+dc
tcstcs c +n+||scs cm |+bo|+to||os +|t|c|+io cm s|n-o d+ |n|c+m c cst+bc|cc|mcnto cm con,unto dc |o,ctos dc
csu|s+ c dc |+bo|+to||os
|xcct+t|v+s
|cscnvo|v|mcnto dc nov+s tccno|og|+s cm con,unto || cm gc|+|
Comc|c|+||z+io dc tccno|og|+
|+ns|c|cnc|+ dc tccno|og|+
|t|||z+io do nctwo|| d+ |n|c+m
||n|s dc |ccu|sos |um+nos cm gc|+|
|c|+ocs comc|c|+|s
|od|c+io d+ cu|tu|+ +c+dcm|c+ +|+ o cst+bc|cc|mcnto dc um +mb|cntc |+vo|+vc| +o cm|ccndcdo||smo
|co:e |aacs aa |esasa
Cu|||c|mc |+mb+|s
:+o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
1abela .b. |ntc|+io |n|vc|s|d+dc-|m|cs+ ||
cm ou tcvc |c|+ocs com + |n|c+m 100` (..)
|o dc |ntc|+io
||n| |n|o|m+| cont+to csso+| com doccntcs c csu|s+do|cs +ccsso + csu|s+s |ntc|n+s dos dc+|t+mcntos +|t|c|+io
cm scm|n+||os c con|c|cnc|+s
||n| dc |ccu|sos |um+nos |cc|ut+mcnto dc |cccm g|+du+dos ou os-g|+du+dos
||n| |o|m+| +t|oc|n+do| dc cvcntos d+ |n|c+m consu|to||+ o| +|tc dc doccntcs c csu|s+do|cs cst+bc|cc|mcnto cm
con,unto dc |o,ctos dc csu|s+ c |c-|ncub+io dc |o,ctos
|xcct+t|v+s
|cscnvo|v|mcnto dc nov+s tccno|og|+s cm con,unto || cm gc|+|
Comc|c|+||z+io dc tccno|og|+
|+ns|c|cnc|+ dc tccno|og|+
|t|||z+io do nctwo|| d+ |n|c+m
|cc|ut+mcnto dc t+|cnto
|+|t|c|+io n+ c||+io dc scm|n+||os cu|sos c wo||s|os
|+|s d|scussio sob|c |nov+io com +|t|c|+io dc cm|cs+s
uo|tc
^ss|stcnc|+ com m+||ct|ng c +dm|n|st|+io
|co:e |aacs aa |esasa
|m g|+ndc mcd|d+ os t|os dc |ntc|+ocs d+s du+s +most|+s com + |n|c+m sio +|cc|dos com
+ d||c|cn+ dc uc +s ||s tcm um+ m+|o| +m||tudc dc t|os dc |c|+c|on+mcnto scndo o |c|+c|on+-
mcnto |o|m+| mu|to m+|s +|o|und+do +ss|m como o dc |ccu|sos |um+nos ||ov+vc|mcntc |sso sc
d+ c|o mot|vo d+ g|+ndc |ox|m|d+dc gcog|+||c+ o|s du+s d+s |ncub+do|+s sc cncont|+m dcnt|o
d+ un|vc|s|d+dc Cons|dc|+ndo +s cxcct+t|v+s |utu|+s +s du+s +most|+s t+mbcm sio +|cc|d+s
||nc|+|mcntc c|+ g|+ndc c|t+io dc dcsc,o dc nctwo|||ng co|+bo|+ocs cm || c cng+,+mcn-
to cm |occssos dc t|+ns|c|cnc|+ c comc|c|+||z+io dc tccno|og|+s ^|cm d+ |unio c|+ss|c+ dc |c-
c|ut+mcnto dc |ccu|sos |um+nos C+bc dcst+c+| +|nd+ uc du+s ||s dcc|+|+|+m sc| s|n-o||s d+
|n|c+m ou sc,+ +s cm|cs+s so||c|cm um |occsso dc |ncub+io csontnc+ com scus |odu-
tos ||nc|+|s scndo dcscnvo|v|dos cm csu|s+s dcnt|o d+ un|vc|s|d+dc
|ndo +|cm +s ||s u+||||c+|+m o +mb|cntc d+ un|vc|s|d+dc dcmonst|+do n+ +bc|+ , no uc
d|z |csc|to + d|vc|sos |tcns |c|+c|on+dos +o cm|ccndcdo||smo |+|+ |sso +s cm|cs+s +v+||+-
|+m os |tcns cm cxcc|cntc bom s+t|s|+to||o um ouco |ns+t|s|+to||o c mu|to |ns+t|s|+to||o
+d|c|on+mos t+mbcm m+|s t|cs oocs scndo c|+s dcscon|cc|mcnto dc cx|stcnc|+ nio cx|s-
tcnc|+ c nio +||c+vc|
|m|cs+s dc b+sc tccno|og|c+ |nduz|d+s c csontnc+s n+ |cg|io mct|oo||t+n+
dc C+m|n+s ||m|t+ocs otcnc|+||d+dcs c |c|+ocs com o cs+o gcog|+co
:+)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
1abela ,. ^v+||+ndo + |n|c+m ||
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\o||s|os
|c|+c|on+dos +o
cm|ccndcdo||smo
00 (0) 1 (.) 1c. (4) 1!o (!) 1!o (!) 1c. (4) 1c. (4) 1 (.)
100
(..)
|o|um dc
|m|ccndcdo||smo
00 (0) 1 (.) .. () 1 (.) 1 (.) !1c () 1!o (!) 4 (1)
100
(..)
Con|c|cnc|+s
|c|+c|on+d+s +o
cm|ccndcdo||smo
00 (0) 1 (.) .. () 4 (1) 1 (.) !o4 (c) 1!o (!) 4 (1)
100
(..)
Cu|sos;
||sc|||n+s sob|c
cm|ccndcdo||smo
00 (0) 1!o (!) 1c. (4) 4 (1) 4 (1) .! (o) .. () 1 (.)
100
(..)
|m|cs+s |un|o| 00 (0) 1!o (!) 1!o (!) 40 () .. () 00 (0) 4 (1) 4 (1)
100
(..)
^ux|||o;O||cnt+io
sob|c ||
4 (1) 1 (.) 1 (.) 4 (1) 1!o (!) .! (o) 1!o (!) 1c. (4)
100
(..)
|nov+ 00 (0) 4 (1) 1c. (4) .. () 1!o (!) .. () 1!o (!) 4 (1)
100
(..)
^ccsso +
csu|s+s sob|c
cm|ccndcdo||smo;
st+|t-us
00 (0) 1!o (!) 1 (.) 1 (.) 1!o (!) !1c () 1!o (!) 1 (.)
100
(..)
^ccsso + mcnto|cs dc
ncgoc|os c c+sos dc
succsso
4 (1) 1 (.) .. () 4 (1) 1 (.) .! (o) 1c. (4) 4 (1)
100
(..)
^ccsso + |n|o|m+ocs
sob|c n+nc|+mcnto
dc st+|t-us
|og|+m+s dc govc|no
bus|ncss +ngc|s
vcntu|c c+|t+| ctc
4 (1) 1!o (!) 4 (1) 1 (.) 1 (.) !o4 (c) 1!o (!) 1 (.)
100
(..)
|co:e |aacs aa |esasa
Como dcmonst|+ + +bc|+ , + m+|o||+ dos uc |csondc|+m os ucst|on+||os dcscon|cc|+m
+ cx|stcnc|+ dos mu|tos |tcns +v+||+dos |o cnt+nto o g|+ndc numc|o dc |csost+s no |tcm dc
dcscon|cc|mcnto odc sc| v|cs+do o| g|+ndc +|tc d+s cm|cs+s n+ +most|+ tc|cm |n|c|+do
su+s +t|v|d+dcs +ntc||o|mcntc + c||+io dos v+||os |tcns n+ |n|c+m como cv|dcnc|+do com um
+|to numc|o dc |csost+s |nd|c+ndo + nio cx|stcnc|+ |+s o |+to do dcscon|cc|mcnto nio dc|x+
dc sc| s|gn|||c+t|vo cons|dc|+ndo uc os ucst|on+||os n+ su+ m+|o||+ |o|+m +||c+dos + cm|c-
cndcdo|cs os u+|s dcv|+m sc| + c||cntc|+ ||nc|+| dcsscs |tcns |ogo + consc|cnc|+ gc|+| sob|c
Cu|||c|mc |+mb+|s
:+s
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
csscs tcm+s n+ un|vc|s|d+dc dcvc sc| +|nd+ m+|s |cduz|do O un|co |tcm m+|s con|cc|do c bcm
+v+||+do o| todos |o|+m +s cm|cs+s ,un|o|cs uc ,+ tcm g|+ndc t|+d|io n+ |n|c+m Out|os
|tcns bcm +v+||+dos |nc|ucm + |nov+ c o +ccsso + mcnto|cs dc ncgoc|os c c+sos dc succsso C+bc
dcst+c+| uc o +ccsso + |n|o|m+ocs sob|c ||n+nc|+mcnto dc st+|t-us |cccbcu + |o| +v+||+io
|o| ||m +|+ ee/ d+s ||s uc sc |oc+||z+m n+ ||C |o|+ c|gunt+do + |mo|tnc|+ dos |+to|cs
dc dcc|sio +|+ + |oc+||z+io n+ |cg|io ^s |csost+s sio +|cscnt+d+s n+ +bc|+ e
1abela o. |+to|cs dc |cc|sio +|+ |oc+||z+io n+ ||C - ||
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|+|xo custo d+ mio-dc-ob|+ 1 (1) 14! (.) o4! () 1 (1) 1 (1) 100 (14)
u+||c+io d+ mio-dc-ob|+ 4. (o) 00 () 00 (0) 00 (0) 1 (1) 100 (14)
||ox|m|d+dc dos |o|ncccdo|cs
dc |nsumos
.co (4) 1 (1) .co (4) .co (4) 1 (1) 100 (14)
||ox|m|d+dc com o mc|c+do
consum|do|
4. (o) .14 (!) 00 (0) ! () 00 (0) 100 (14)
^ccss|b|||d+dc +o s|stcm+ dc
t|+nso|tc
.co (4) 14! (.) ! () .14 (!) 00 (0) 100 (14)
|n||+cst|utu|+ dc
tccno|og|+ d+ |n|o|m+io c
tc|ccomun|c+ocs
.co (4) 00 () .14 (!) 00 (0) 00 (0) 100 (14)
|n||+cst|utu|+ u|b+n+ ! () ! () .14 (!) 1 (1) 00 (0) 100 (14)
u+||d+dc dc v|d+ +|+
|unc|on+||os
.co (4) ! () .14 (!) 14! (.) 00 (0) 100 (14)
||ox|m|d+dc com ccnt|os
dc csu|s+ c;ou d||usio
tccno|og|c+
4. (o) 00 () 00 (0) 1 (1) 00 (0) 100 (14)
|n||+cst|utu|+ dc sc|v|os
tccn|cos c +o|o |ndust||+
.14 (!) 00 () 14! (.) 1 (1) 1 (1) 100 (14)
|nccnt|vos sc+|s o|c|cc|dos
c|o odc| ub||co mun|c|+|
cst+du+| ou |cdc|+|
1 (1) .co (4) 14! (.) .co (4) .14 (!) 100 (14)
|ot|vos |+m|||+|cs .co (4) 14! (.) .14 (!) 14! (.) .14 (!) 100 (14)
|co:e |aacs aa |esasa
|m|cs+s dc b+sc tccno|og|c+ |nduz|d+s c csontnc+s n+ |cg|io mct|oo||t+n+
dc C+m|n+s ||m|t+ocs otcnc|+||d+dcs c |c|+ocs com o cs+o gcog|+co
:+,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
|ot+mos + |o|tc |c|c|cnc|+ d+s ||s o| +t|vos |nt+ng|vc|s ou sc,+ o| |tcns como u+||||c+io
d+ mio-dc-ob|+ c |ox|m|d+dc com + d||usio tccno|og|c+ ^ |n||+cst|utu|+ |ntc||gcntc tccno-
|og|+ d+ |n|o|m+io c tc|ccomun|c+ocs c sc|v|os tccn|cos t+mbcm |cccbc dcst+uc |sscs
|csu|t+dos cv|dcnc|+m o cont|+stc com + |c|c|cnc|+ o| |n||+cst|utu|+ do t|o t+ng|vc| c|os
scto|cs |ndust||+|s +n+||s+dos n+ scio |
Vo|t+ndo +os ucst|on+||os +||c+dos s ||s cd|mos uc c|+ss|||c+sscm os sc|v|os o|c|cc|dos
c|+s |ncub+do|+s cm um+ csc+|+ dc + (mu|to |ns+t|s|+to||o) + , (cxcc|cntc) Os |csu|t+dos cstio
cxostos + scgu|| n+ ||gu|+ ,
Assistncia em Relaes Internacionais
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0 1 2 3 4 5
|co:e |aacs aa |esasa
|lgura ,. ^v+||+ndo +s |ncub+do|+s ||
||c+ c|+|o uc os sc|v|os nio cstio scndo o|c|cc|dos com +|t+ u+||d+dc +cn+s suo|tc gc-
|cnc|+| |o| bcm +v+||+do dcnt|c os sc|v|os uc +g|cg+m v+|o| C+bc dcst+c+| nov+mcntc uc o
|tcm ||g+do + ||n+nc|+mcnto |o| m+| +v+||+do |+ +bc|+ ; +s cm|cs+s sugc|cm como +s |ncub+-
do|+s odcm mc||o|+| c |cvc|+m cm uc c|+s |o|+m m+|s utc|s
Cu|||c|mc |+mb+|s
::o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
1abela ). ^v+||+ndo +s |ncub+do|+s ||
ugcstocs dc mc||o||+ cm gc|+| ou nos |tcns u+||c+dos como |+zo+vc|s;|u|ns
|u|c cscc|c+ +|+ +ss|stcnc|+ |cg+| c cm |c|+ocs |ntc|n+c|on+|s
^ss|stcnc|+ dc m+||ct|ng nio odc sc| vo|unt+||+ c |cc|s+ sc| m+|s +||c+d+ do uc tco||c+
uo|tc gc|cnc|+| m+|s |c+|+do +|+ c||+| um |+no dc ncgoc|os com |c+| d|mcns|on+mcnto dc v+|o| do |oduto |+|s
cxccut|vos n+ cu|c dc suo|tc
|nst|tu|| um s|stcm+ cscc|co +|+ |cu|s|t+| sc|v|os d+s |ncub+do|+s
|c||o|+| o nctwo|||ng cnt|c +s cm|cs+s |ncub+d+s
|+zc| cm|ccndcdo|cs cxccut|vos |nvcst|do|cs +|+ nctwo|||ng
^umcnt+| + s|nc|g|+ cnt|c + +dm|n|st|+io d+ |ncub+do|+ c + |nov+
|st+bc|ccc| +|cc||+s c c+n+|s dc nctwo|||ng com |undos;|nvcst|do|cs dc c+|t+| dc ||sco cscc|+|mcntc os |ntc|n+c|on+|s
|st+bc|ccc| co|+bo|+ocs com |ncub+do|+s cm out|os +|scs cscc|+|mcntc |u|o+ c ||^ +|+ c||+| um |og|+m+ dc
|ntc|c+mb|o dc t+|cnto c cm|cs+s
|s+o +|+ |cun|ocs
^ss|stcnc|+ com + |m|cns+ +|+ d|vu|g+io dc tccno|og|+s c |o,ctos cm |o|uns c cvcntos C||+io dc um ccnt|o
c|m+ncntc +|+ d|sscm|n+io c |ntc|c+mb|o dc |n|o|m+ocs com out|+s cnt|d+dcs
|m uc + |ncub+do|+ |o| m+|s ut||
|ctwo|||ng
uo|tc gc|cnc|+| com |+no dc ncgoc|os
Oo|tun|d+dc dc obtc| n+nc|+mcnto dc |og|+m+s govc|n+mcnt+|s uc tcm ||g+io d||ct+ com + |ncub+do|+
|c|n+mcnto
|cun|ocs ||cucntcs com |nvcst|do|cs
|s+o ||s|co c |n||+cst|utu|+
||ox|m|d+dc com |nst|tutos dc csu|s+;un|vc|s|d+dc
V|s|b|||d+dc no mc|c+do c n+ |m|cns+
|co:e |aacs aa |esasa
|c+|mcntc +s cm|cs+s cons|dc|+m o nctwo|||ng c sc|v|os ||g+do +o |occsso gc|cnc|+| como
|und+mcnt+| c dio v+||+s sugcstocs dc como mc||o|+| csscs |occssos o| cxcm|o + ncccss|-
d+dc dc |nc|usio dc cxccut|vos n+ |cdc c no suo|tc gc|cnc|+| c c|t+do v+||+s vczcs ^ m+|o| ut|-
||d+dc d+ |ncub+do|+ cst+ ||g+do + cssc tcm+ c +o cs+o ||s|co;|n||+cst|utu|+ |o cnt+nto not+-
sc uc sio csscs os |tcns uc |cccbc|+m mc||o| +v+||+io |ogo cons|dc|+mos + ut|||d+dc dos
sc|v|os d||ct+mcntc ||g+do + su+ u+||d+dc |cssc c+so n+ +uscnc|+ dc um o|t|o||o dc sc|v|os
dc u+||d+dc +s ||s odcm nio dcscnvo|vc| tot+|mcntc o scu otcnc|+| n+s d||c|cntcs ||cntcs
ncccss+||+s +|+ + const|tu|io dc um+ cm|cs+ dc succsso c cont|nu+| + |cc|s+| dc +ux|||o mcs-
mo +os + g|+du+io |+|+ +v+||+| css+ ||otcsc c|gunt+mos sc +s cm|cs+s +|nd+ ncccss|t+v+m
dc m+|s +ux|||o cm d|vc|sos |tcns c n+ ucstio do +ccsso +os mc|c+dos |+ scucnc|+ +s +bc|+s
s+ c sb +|cscnt+m os |csu|t+dos
|m|cs+s dc b+sc tccno|og|c+ |nduz|d+s c csontnc+s n+ |cg|io mct|oo||t+n+
dc C+m|n+s ||m|t+ocs otcnc|+||d+dcs c |c|+ocs com o cs+o gcog|+co
::+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
1abela s.a. |cccss|d+dc dc ^ux|||o | ||
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|ncub C|+d |ncub C|+d |ncub C|+d |ncub C|+d |ncub C|+d |ncub C|+d
Obtcnio dc
||n+nc|+-mcnto
o ! 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
|| ! 4 ! . 1 1 0 1 . 1
|cg+| . 1 4 ! ! ! 0 1 0 1
|cs|gn dc ||oduto ! 1 0 ! . 0 ! ! 1 .
|+nu|+tu|+ 1 1 1 1 1 0 4 4 . !
|+||ct|ng 4 4 ! 0 1 0 0 0 1
|ccu|sos |um+nos 4 ! . 0 . 0 1 0 1
|co:e |aacs aa |esasa
O ||n+nc|+mcnto nov+mcntc g+n|+ dcst+uc +o sc| o |tcm uc +s ||s m+|s cons|dc|+m |mo|-
t+ntc + ncccss|d+dc dc +ux|||o |m scgu|d+ n+ o|dcm dc |mo|tnc|+ +s cm|cs+s cons|dc|+m
+ux|||o com || m+||ct|ng c |ccu|sos |um+nos os m+|s ncccss+||os |nu+nto uc somcntc
+|+ +s ||s |ncub+d+s o dcs|gn dc |oduto ++|ccc como scndo mu|to |mo|t+ntc o uc c n+-
tu|+| no |occsso dc |o|m+io dc cm|cs+
Cu|||c|mc |+mb+|s
:::
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
1abela s.b. |cccss|d+dc dc ^ux|||o || ||
+,

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1otal
|ncub C|+d |ncub C|+d |ncub C|+d |ncub C|+d |ncub C|+d |ncub C|+d
||+s|| (|o|+ dc |) 1 1 . 0 0 o . 0 0 c
^mc||c+ |+t|n+ 0 0 . 4 0 0 . 0 . c
||^ 0 0 1 . 0 0 4 1 . c
|| 0 0 . . 1 0 4 1 . c
Out|o 0 0 ! 0 0 0 . ! 4 c
|co:e |aacs aa |esasa
|m |c|+io +o +ccsso +os mc|c+dos os mc|c+dos ||cucntcmcntc m+|s cx|o|+dos sio os m+|s
|ox|mos ou sc,+ out|os cst+dos b|+s||c||os c + ^mc||c+ |+t|n+ no cnt+nto + m+|o||+ dcc|+|+
uc ncccss|t+ dc +,ud+ +|+ mc||o| cx|o|+-|os |+ +|+ cnct|+io nos mc|c+dos dos ||^ c d+
|n|io |u|oc|+ +|gum+s cm|cs+s ,+ os cx|o|+m m+s + g|+ndc m+|o||+ d|z tc| dcsc,o dc +|nd+
v|| + cx|o|+-|os no cnt+nto ncccss|t+|io dc +ux|||o |m com+|+io ncssc ucs|to +s cm|cs+s
|ncub+d+s c g|+du+d+s nio sc d||c|cnc|+m o uc +|ccc s|gn|||c+| uc + |ntc|n+c|on+||z+io cst+
m+|s ||g+do cx|stcnc|+ dc dcm+nd+ dos |odutos cscc|||cos + c+d+ cm|cs+ do uc com o
tcmo dc oc|+io d+s cm|cs+s
6. Concluso
|cstc t|+b+||o |ocu|+mos c+|+ctc||z+| +s cm|cs+s |nduz|d+s c csontnc+s t+nto no mb|to
|ntc|no u+nto cm |c|+io +o cs+o gcog|+||co |cg|io |ct|oo||t+n+ dc C+m|n+s no uc
d|z |csc|to |ntcg|+io dcss+s cm|cs+s com + |n||+cst|utu|+ |ntc||gcntc d+ |cg|io ||nc|+|-
mcntc + |n|vc|s|d+dc |st+du+| dc C+m|n+s +t|+vcs dc um ucst|on+||o +||c+do d||ct+mcntc
+os cm|ccndcdo|cs
+, |m+ cm|cs+ g|+du+d+ d|ssc nio |cc|s+| dc +ux|||o ncn|um
|m|cs+s dc b+sc tccno|og|c+ |nduz|d+s c csontnc+s n+ |cg|io mct|oo||t+n+
dc C+m|n+s ||m|t+ocs otcnc|+||d+dcs c |c|+ocs com o cs+o gcog|+co
::,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
Cons|dc|+ocs t+mbcm |o|+m |c|t+s +cc|c+ d+ |cg|io como um todo no scu otcnc|+| dc dcscn-
vo|v|mcnto dc +|t+ tccno|og|+ |csu|t+dos cm|||cos con|||m+m + cx|stcnc|+ dc um o|o dc +|t+
tccno|og|+ n+ |cg|io dc C+m|n+s no cnt+nto cons|dc|+mos cstc como um+ conccnt|+io dc
|oduio cm scto|cs cons|dc|+dos |nov+t|vos scm uc cstcs sc |ntcg|cm tot+|mcntc n+ |n||+cst|u-
tu|+ |ntc||gcntc |+|+ sc c|cg+| + um+ s|tu+io dc |nduio dc c|c|tos s|||-ovc| dc con|cc|mcntos
o| tod+ + cconom|+ c ncccss+||o +|nd+ + const|tu|io dc um+ |cdc dc |ntc|+ocs no scnt|do dc
+|c+n+| um+ d|nm|c+ uc +cc|c|c o |og|csso tccn|co c + |nov+io c d|vc|s|||c+io tccno|og|c+
|+ os do|s g|uos dc cm|cs+s dc b+sc tccno|og|c+ cm ucstio ++|cccm como +to|cs |mo|-
t+ntcs +|+ o dcscnvo|v|mcnto |cg|on+| + +|t|| dc |cdcs dc con|cc|mcnto |nov+io c d|vc|s|-
||c+io tccno|og|c+ |m |c|+io s c+|+ctc||st|c+s d+s cm|cs+s +s +most|+s nio sc d||c|cnc|+m
no n|vc| dc otcnc|+||d+dc cx|stcntc +|+ c||+io dc ||ucz+ c cm|cgos |o cnt+nto +|gum+s
d||c|cn+ cmc|gcm cnu+nto + |ntcg|+io dcss+s com + un|vc|s|d+dc ^s ||s +|cccm tc| um+
|ntcg|+io m+|s +|o|und+d+ com un|vc|s|d+dc ,+ +s ||s +cs+| dc nio +|ovc|t+| +s otcnc|+-
||d+dcs d+s concxocs cm |cdc como +s ||s ,+ su|gcm |ntcg|+d+s mcsmo uc suc|||c|+|mcntc
^s ||m|t+ocs ++|cccm o| um |+do n+ +uscnc|+ dc um o|t|o||o dc sc|v|os dc +|t+ u+||d+dc
o|c|t+dos c|+s |ncub+do|+s c o| out|o n+ d|||cu|d+dc dc m+x|m|z+io dc um +mb|cntc |+-
vo|+vc| +o cm|ccndcdo||smo n+ un|vc|s|d+dc o +m|o dcscnvo|v|mcnto dcss+s du+s ucstocs
odcndo gc|+| |csu|t+dos |n|gu+|+vc|s +|+ + |cg|io
|m c|c|to no cnt+nto + ||m|t+io m+|s |cocu+ntc c + +uscnc|+ dc c+n+|s su||c|cntcs dc ||n+nc|+-
mcnto c d+ |n+dcu+io do |ov|mcnto dc |n|o|m+ocs c +ux|||os sob|c como obtc| ||n+nc|+mcn-
to ^dcm+|s os c+n+|s cx|stcntcs sc +o|+m m+,o||t+||+mcntc cm ou+n+ |cv|+mcntc const|-
tu|d+ c |og|+m+s govc|n+mcnt+|s |tu+io uc cons|dc|+mos con||n+ntcs do dcscnvo|v|mcnto
com|cto do otcnc|+| cx|stcntc u+ndo sc t|+t+ndo dc cm|cs+s n+c|on+|s dc b+sc tccno|og|c+
Referncias
^||||C| | | |||||^| | | |now|cdgc s|||ovc|s +nd t|c gcog|+|y o| |nnov+t|on |n |||-
|||O| V ||| | | (|ds) |+ndboo| o| |cg|on+| +nd u|b+n cconom|cs Cltles and Ceogra-
pby. Llsevler, v 4 .004
|||O | | | Cooc|+io |ntc||ndust||+| c |cdcs dc cm|cs+s |n |||||| | |^||C||V|| |
(O|gs) Lconomla lndustrlal. |und+mcntos tco||cos c |+t|c+s no ||+s|| . cd ||o dc |+nc||o
C+mus .00.
C^|O|^O | | z^|||O | |m+ c+|+ctc||z+io dc +||+n,os |odut|vos |oc+|s dc m|c|o c cuc-
n+s cm|cs+s |n |^|| | | | C^|O|^O | | |^C||| | | (O|gs) equena empresa.
cooc|+io c dcscnvo|v|mcnto |oc+| ||o dc |+nc||o |c|umc |um+|+ .00!
Cu|||c|mc |+mb+|s
::
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., .o+-..| ,u|-dcz .oo,
|||||^| | | |oc+t|on +nd |nov+t|on t|c ncw cconom|c gcog|+|y o| |nnov+t|on s|||ovc|s +nd
+g|omc|+t|ons |n C|^|C| C | |||||^| | | C||||| | (|ds) le Oxrord bandbool
or economlc geograpby. |cw o|| !c Ox|o|d |n|vc|s|ty ||css .00!
|^||^| C | | le metropolltan reglon or Camplnas, 8razll. +|y|ng t|c tcc|noo||s ||+mcwo||
^ust|n |C |nst|tutc !c |n|vc|s|ty o| cx+s +t ^ust|n .00
|O||| | | |oc+t|ons c|ustc|s +nd com+ny st|+tcgy |n C|^|C| C | |||||^| | | C|||||
| (|ds) le Oxrord bandbool or economlc geograpby. |cw o|| !c Ox|o|d |n|vc|s|ty
||css .00!
|||O| | O|O||||| | ||| C \|||O|| ||| | !c |csc+|c| un|vc|s|ty +nd t|c dcvc|oc-
mnt o| ||g|-tcc|no|ogy ccntc|s |n t|c |n|tcd t+tcs Lconomlc Uevelopment Quarterly, v .1 n
! .0!-... .00
|||O| | C||O| | V |Oz||| C C|c+t|ng t|c tcc|noo||s ||g|-tccno|ogy dcvc|omcnt |n
^ust|n cx+s ournal or 8uslness venturlng, v 4 4-o 1cc
^|| C cmo + |ox|m+ |ontc dc v+nt+gcm comct|t|v+ |n |O|CO||| C ^ |O||| | |
(O|gs) Lstrategla: + busc+ d+ v+nt+gcm comct|t|v+ o cd ||o dc |+nc||o C+mus 1c
|z|C^| \ (O|g) ^ d|mcnsio |cg|on+| dc +t|v|d+dcs dc C| no cst+do dc io |+u|o |n |^||| |
| (O|g) |ndlcadores de clncla, tecnologla e lnovao em So aulo .004 io |+u|o |^|||
.00 1 v
V||OV|||O C ||C^ | | ||||X | C||+io dc |n||+-cst|utu|+s tccno|og|c+s + cxc||cnc|+ b|+s||c||+ dc
|ncub+do|+s dc cm|cs+s kevlsta do 8HULS, ||o dc |+nc||o v c n 1o 1c!-.14 .001
V||OV|||O C |||ms || +ct|v|ty +nd |ntcns|ty +nd t|c un|vc|s|ty-cntc|||sc +|tnc|s||s 1ecbnolo-
gy |orecastlng and Soclal Cbange, v .c .1-..o 1c
\|CC|| | C||O| | V Ovc|v|cw o| | |ncub+to|s +nd t|c c+sc o| t|c ^ust|n tcc|no|ogy |ncub+to|
|nternatlonal ournal or Lntrepreneursblp and |nnovatlon Management, v ! n 1;. o-oo .00!
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ..,-.,e ,u|-dcz .oo,
A criao da CNEN
no contexto do governo JK

Ana Maria Ribeiro de Andrade & Tatiane Lopes dos Santos

^ v|to||+ dos c+nd|d+tos d+ +||+n+ ||-|| n+s c|c|ocs |cs|dcnc|+|s dc +,,, o o||t|co m|nc|-
|o |uscc||no |ub|tsc|c| dc O||vc||+ c o ||dc| t|+b+|||st+ |oio |c|c||o| |+|ucs Cou|+|t nio d|-
m|nu|u +s tcnt+t|v+s dc obst|uio d+ o|dcm dcmoc|+t|c+ O m|n|st|o d+ Cuc||+ m+|cc|+| |cn-
||uc c|xc||+ |ott |o| o |csons+vc| c|+ mob|||z+io dc t|o+s +|+ |mcd|| o go|c dc |o|+s
udcn|st+s c|v|s c m|||t+|cs +o|+d+s o| |oio C+|c ||||o c C+||os |uz |c|cu |+mos |cs|dcntc
do cn+do uc +ssum|u + ||cs|dcnc|+ d+ |cub||c+ com + s+|d+ |o|+d+ dc C+||os |uz m+ntcvc
o +|s cm cst+do dc s|t|o +|+ g+|+nt|| + ossc dos c|c|tos cm ,+nc||o dc +,,e O c|+m+do con-
t|+go|c o mov|mcnto dc novcmb|o dc +,,, |omovcu um+ n|t|d+ c|sio no |ntc||o| d+s |o|+s
^|m+d+s ^cs+| dc |ub|tsc|c| tc| +sscgu|+do o +o|o d+ m+|o||+ no Cong|csso |+c|on+| c dc
scu govc|no tc| s|do +ut+do c|+ conc|||+io dos |ntc|csscs o||t|cos c cconom|cos + |+|t+ dc
cocsio dos m|||t+|cs +s d|ss|dcnc|+s n+ +||+n+ ||-|| c o su|g|mcnto dc novos ||dc|cs o||t|cos
co||obo|+|+m +|+ + |nst+b|||d+dc o||t|c+ du|+ntc o c||odo dc scu govc|no
,
|uscc||no |ub|tsc|c| m+ntcvc o |csc|to s |nst|tu|ocs dcmoc|+t|c+s c ousou no |og|+m+ dc
govc|no ,o +nos dc |og|csso cm c|nco +nos dc |c+||z+ocs O ||+no dc |ct+s como cou
con|cc|do o scu |og|+m+ cons|st|u dc um con,unto dc ,o ob,ct|vos + sc|cm +|c+n+dos cm
scto|cs-c|+vc d+ cconom|+ cnc|g|+ t|+nso|tcs +||mcnt+io c |ndust||+ dc b+sc
|
O |og|+m+
+ cm+ +n+||s+do +ntc||o|mcntc cm ^|||^|| .ooe ,e-+o|
. ^s +uto|+s sio |cscct|v+mcntc csu|s+do|+ c bo|s|st+ |C| do |uscu dc ^st|onom|+ c C|cnc|+s ^ns - |^;|C |m+||
+n+||bc||o,m+stb|
, |||||||^ ^||||O .oo. |;;-|;,
| ||^|| ||cs|dcnc|+ d+ |cub||c+ +,,s
|cmo||+
^n+ |+||+ ||bc||o & +t|+nc +ntos
::o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ..,-.,e ,u|-dcz .oo,
b+sc+v+-sc cm cstudos |oscct|vos |c+||z+dos dcsdc o |n|c|o d+ dcc+d+ dc +,|o o| com|ssocs
c m|ssocs cconom|c+s O u|t|mo |c|+to||o |o|+ |c|to c|+ Com|ssio ||st+ ||+s||-|st+dos |n|dos
o|g+n|z+d+ du|+ntc o scgundo govc|no V+|g+s cnt|c +,,+ c +,,,
,
|+ |ct+ . vo|t+d+ +|+ +
|oduio c ut|||z+io d+ cnc|g|+ nuc|c+| const+v+m + |+b||c+io dc combust|vc|s nuc|c+|cs
(u|n|o n+tu|+| c u|n|o cn||ucc|do) + |o|m+io dc csso+| cscc|+||z+do +|+ +tu+| no scto|
+ oc|+io c const|uio dc us|n+s nuc|c+|cs c + |oduio dc |+d|o|sotoos
e
Coc|cntc o |c-
s|dcntc d+ |cub||c+ cn|+t|zou cm su+ ||mc||+ mcns+gcm +o Cong|csso |+c|on+| o| oc+s|io
d+ +bc|tu|+ d+ scssio |cg|s|+t|v+ dc +,,e
^c\oase a ea aas asoas a:co.as aa .aa a:'aac c as ae.e se eaa aesae a
o.'aoac oc caoa ae e\aosac aa oaas:a aa e'e:.aaae a'aoas asoas a:co.as eo
oca ae eaeoc c:e a o ae ae ocsscs eoeonecs cssao se /ao'aa .co essa oc.a
:.o.a e es:eao eaaacs aa cs aoaes ce:cs ae /a:a'oeo:e saac oc /a:ac oac
oa:c eoc:c
,
1. As diretrizes de JK
|+sso scgu|ntc |uscc||no |ub|tsc|c| nomcou um+ Com|ssio |scc|+| +|+ +v+||+| c |oo| mc-
d|d+s +|+ + o|g+n|z+io do scto| nuc|c+| cnt+v+-sc o| m +os con|tos uc m+|c+|+m o u|t|-
mo govc|no dc Cctu||o V+|g+s c |osscgu||+m n+ gcstio dc C+|c ||||o +|cm dc como| com o
Consc||o dc cgu|+n+ |+c|on+| c |st+do-|+|o| d+s |o|+s ^|m+d+s (|m|+) |oucos d|+s +ntcs
d+ nomc+io o |m|+ m+n||cst+|+ +o |cs|dcntc d+ |cub||c+ cont|+||o +o ^co|do dc Cooc|+-
io +|+ |so C|v|| d+ |nc|g|+ ^tom|c+ +ss|n+do cnt|c o ||+s|| c os |st+dos |n|dos cm , dc +gos-
to dc +,,, c cxo|t+io dc ,oo tonc|+d+s dc ox|do dc to||o +os |st+dos |n|dos |cccm +|o-
v+d+ c|+ Com|ssio dc |xo|t+io dc |+tc||+s |st|+tcg|cos do ||n|stc||o d+s |c|+ocs |xtc||o-
|cs + Ccmc
s
|mbo|+ ncn|um dos mcmb|os nomc+dos t|vcssc t|do +tu+io no scto| nuc|c+|
o m|n|st|o d+s |c|+ocs |xtc||o|cs |osc C+||os dc |+ccdo o+|cs d+ Cuc||+ |cn||uc c|xc||+
|ott d+ |+||n|+ ^nton|o ^|vcs Cm+|+ d+ ^c|on+ut|c+ |cn||uc ||cu|ss c d+ ^g||cu|tu|+ gc-
nc|+| ||ncsto |o|nc||cs o c|c|c do |st+do-|+|o| d+s |o|+s ^|m+d+s gcnc|+| ^no| c|xc||+ dos
+ntos o scc|ct+||o-gc|+| do Consc||o dc |cscnvo|v|mcnto o cngcn|c||o |uc+s |ocs o v|cc-
|cs|dcntc do C|| |oio C|||stovio C+|doso c o c|c|c do g+b|nctc m|||t+| c scc|ct+||o-gc|+|
, |+|+ um+ b|cvc +|cc|+io vc| C||OC ||c|on+||o ||sto||co ||og|+co ||+s||c||o Com|ssio ||st+ ||+s||-||^ ||son|vc| cm
|tt;;wwwcdoc|gvb|;comum;|tm;. ^ccsso cm .; dc novcmb|o dc .oo,
e ||og|+m+ dc |ct+s o||t|c+ n+c|on+| d+ cnc|g|+ nuc|c+| +|cc|+d+ c|o Consc||o dc cgu|+n+ |+c|on+| c +dot+d+ c|o go-
vc|no cm ,o dc +gosto dc +,,e |C ,eoo| (^|u|vo |c|v+s|o dc C+|v+||o)
; ||^|| cn+do |cdc|+| +,s, v , ,;
s |cscct|v+mcntc |xos|io dc |ot|vos do |||^ dc .; dc |cvc|c||o dc +,,e c O||c|o do |||^ +o |cs|dcntc d+ |cub||c+ cm
+, dc m+|o dc +,,e C| C||||||||+,,; .e,
^ c||+io d+ C||| no contcxto do govc|no ||
::)
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ..,-.,e ,u|-dcz .oo,
do Consc||o dc cgu|+n+ |+c|on+| gcnc|+| dc b||g+d+ |c|son dc |c||o + |n|c|+t|v+ +g|+dou
os m|||t+|cs Como |css+|tou o |cs|dcntc d+ Com|ssio dc |nc|g|+ ^tom|c+ do C|| o ||s|co
|o+u|m d+ Cost+ ||bc||o + o||t|c+ nuc|c+| |cc|s+v+ sc| +v+||+d+ c|o Consc||o dc cgu|+n+
|+c|on+| c Consc||o |+c|on+| dc |csu|s+s d+d+ + su+ com|cx|d+dc c cnt|c|++mcnto com +
o||t|c+ |ntc|n+c|on+| cconom|+ c scgu|+n+ n+c|on+|
,
|+ o dcut+do |||+c ||nto (|||-|C) |c||cn|o +dvc|s+||o dc || |cz c||t|c+s contundcntcs c||+-
io d+ nov+ Com|ssio |cdom|nnc|+ dc m|||t+|cs cm su+ comos|io c |css+|tou o |ntc|cssc
dos mcsmos no uso d+ cnc|g|+ nuc|c+| +|+ ns bc||cos
Os :eocs ac c.c ac seonc (as.e'oc |ao:s.ne ac Ccose'nc ae :eaaoa eaoac saes
:ces aa a \aac aa c':.a ac c.eoc oc se:c aa eoea oa.'ea ocs aa:cao a e\:a
aesse ac.aoeo:c as seao:es .co.'asces ) O seonc (as.e'oc |ao:s.ne e.e'ca .co'e:a
oco.a a ese:c ac oas oc:ao:e co'eoa ac ocssc :eoc oc se:c ae eoea .) O
seonc (as.e'oc |ao:s.ne aes.cone.e as ee.assces e.coco.as sc.as e c':.as ac asc
a..c aa eoea a:co.a a.eo:aaaas oa Cco/e`o.a ae Geoeoa ae ,,, e eo oaoecscs
es:aacs a.a'aacs eo '.cs e e.s:as cs ac .co:ac :ea o.'aac oa Ccossac c e'e
aesoaaa cs oos:cs ac aoa'nc |aeoaa e (as:a e aa :aaae ,) |eacooo.a ae e'eoeo
:cs o':aes oa Ccossac ocoeaaa e.e'a a ecoea :eoa`o.a ac c.eoc ae a:oa oac
oc:o.a a:'aac aa eoea oa.'ea aa os ae aea aaoac cs o:eesses saec
es ac 8as' .coc ao as saoaeseo.c'.ac e.'aoao saa a'.aac oc aeseo.c'.oeo:c aas
ocssas oaas:as e aa ocssa a.a':aa c ae aoa csso'aaaes ooaoa.es aa a a
aa oe'nca aas .coaces ae .aa ac c.c oas'ec
o
^ cst|+tcg|+ dc |ub|tsc|c| +g|+d+v+ os m|||t+|cs +|+ os u+|s + |+b||c+io dc +|m+mcnto nu-
c|c+| c|+ um+ ncccss|d+dc |nc|cntc c c|c sc +ntcc|+v+ +os dcb+tcs no |cn+||o d+ Cm+|+ dos
|cut+dos uc |omct|+m c|cv+| + tcmc|+tu|+ o||t|c+ no dcscn|o|+| dos t|+b+||os d+ Co-
m|ssio |+||+mcnt+| dc |nuc||to +|+ |occdc| |nvcst|g+ocs sob|c o |ob|cm+ d+ cnc|g|+ +to-
m|c+ no ||+s|| ou s|m|csmcntc C|| d+ |nc|g|+ ^tom|c+
++
|m cscc|+| sc||+m +vc||gu+dos os
documcntos scc|ctos (ou mc||o| +oc|||os) +t||bu|dos + |u+|cz +vo|+ c +|cscnt+dos cm |c-
, ^C||^|O +|+ uns c||+do +|+ out|os o |umo d+ o||t|c+ +tom|c+ do govc|no O C|obo ||o dc |+nc||o , m+|o +,,e ||
o+o (^|u|vo ^c+dcm|+ ||+s||c||+ dc C|cnc|+s Co|cio |nc|g|+ |uc|c+|) no u+| cst+ |cg|st|+d+ + o|n|io dc Cost+ ||bc||o c dc
|c|to| C||||o (cx-|cs|dcntc do C||)
+o |dcm
++ ||^|| Cm+|+ dos |cut+dos |cso|uio n |, dc +o |cv +,,e c||+ + Com|ssio |+||+mcnt+| dc |nuc||to +|+ ||occdc| |n-
vcst|g+ocs sob|c o ||ob|cm+ d+ |nc|g|+ ^tom|c+ no ||+s|| ^ C|| |o| |cs|d|d+ c|o dcut+do C+b||c| |+ssos (|||-|C) uc
+o |+do dc +||+mcnt+|cs dc d|vc|sos +|t|dos m+|s t+|dc |undou + ||cntc |+||+mcnt+| |+c|on+||st+ (|||) mov|mcnto |u||-
+|t|d+||o cu,o ob,ct|vo c|+ +|cscnt+| |o,ctos c dc|cndc| no Cong|csso |+c|on+| um+ o||t|c+ dc dcscnvo|v|mcnto n+c|on+|
+utonomo Vc| C||OC ||c|on+||o ||sto||co ||og|+co ||+s||c||o ||son|vc| cm |tt;;wwwcdoc|gvb|;comum;|tm;.
^ccsso cm .; dc novcmb|o dc .oo,
^n+ |+||+ ||bc||o & +t|+nc +ntos
::s
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ..,-.,e ,u|-dcz .oo,
n+||o c|o dcut+do |cn+to ^|c|c|
+.
(||-|^) os +co|dos dc cooc|+io dc +,,, cc|cb|+dos
com o govc|no dos |st+dos |n|dos ncssc tc||cno +|cm dc d|scut|| + o||t|c+ dc cxo|t+io dc
m|nc|+|s ||ssc|s c |c|tc|s ut|||z+dos n+ |oduio dc cnc|g|+ nuc|c+| ^ss|m |nvcst|g+||+-sc t+mbcm
+ O|u|m+ ^ c + ||b|+ ^ cm|cs+s uc bcncc|+v+m +|c|+s mon+z|t|c+s +|+ cxt|+|| tc||+s-
|+|+s c ox|do dc to||o + com|+ dcsscs m|nc|+|s c|o C|| c + ostc||o| cxo|t+io dos mcs-
mos +|+ os |st+dos |n|dos
Concom|t+ntc + C|| d+ |nc|g|+ ^tom|c+ cnt|ou n+ +ut+ do Cong|csso |+c|on+| + d|scussio do
||o,cto dc |c| n ,|| +|cscnt+do c|o dcut+do |+gobc|to +||cs (||-|) |oondo + c||+io
dc um+ com|ssio dc cnc|g|+ +tom|c+ com +utonom|+ n+ncc||+ c ,u||d|c+ d||ct+mcntc subo|d|-
n+d+ ||cs|dcnc|+ d+ |cub||c+ Ou sc,+ um+ |nst|tu|io do c+mo d+ c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ scm
v|ncu|os com o Consc||o |+c|on+| dc |csu|s+s (C||) ||+ um tc||cno |c|t|| +|+ o cmb+tc cn-
t|c +s du+s co||cntcs +nt+gon|c+s dc o|n|ocs uc c|mc+v+m o ccn+||o o||t|co n+ dcc+d+ dc
+,,o |c um |+do cst+v+m os dc|cnso|cs do monoo||o cst+t+| d+ cnc|g|+ nuc|c+| |nc|us|vc n+
cs|c|+ d+ |oduio c d|st||bu|io dc cnc|g|+ c|ct||c+ gc|+d+ cm us|n+s nuc|c+|cs Cons|dc|+v+m
uc o c+|t+| cst|+ngc||o sc |ntc|css+v+ m+|s c|o s|gn|c+do o||t|co do cont|o|c d+ cnc|g|+ c|c-
t||c+ do uc c|os +scctos cconom|co-n+ncc||os d+ +t|v|d+dc |s+v+m como cxcm|o o uc
oco|||+ no scto| ||d|c|ct||co cm uc s./ d+s +t|v|d+dcs cst+v+m sob o cont|o|c dc cm|cs+s
c+n+dcnsc c +mc||c+n+ +mbcm +t||bu|+m +o c+|t+| cst|+ngc||o + |csons+b|||d+dc c|o +t|+so
dc d|vc|sos scto|cs d+ cconom|+ como n+ cx|o|+io do ct|o|co |o out|o |+do cst+v+m os
uc dc|cnd|+m uc o |st+do dcvc||+ sc| |csons+vc| +cn+s c|+s +t|v|d+dcs dc csu|s+ c|cnt|-
c+ c tccno|og|c+ d+ +|c+ dc|cg+ndo +s t+|c|+s cm|cs+||+|s +o c+|t+| ||v+do n+ coc+ +cn+s
dc o||gcm cst|+ngc||+ Os +dctos dcss+ co||cntc ,ust|c+v+m uc o +|s nio t|n|+ csso+| csc-
c|+||z+do suc|cntc c ncm |ccu|sos +|+ |nvcst|mcntos vu|tosos cm |n||+cst|utu|+
+,
|m cont|+-
+|t|d+ o dcscnvo|v|mcnto d+ tccno|og|+ nuc|c+| +|+ + |+b||c+io d+ bomb+ nio o|+||z+v+ +s
o|n|ocs O |o||o |+gobc|to +||cs dc|cnd|+ uc () o ||+s|| nio odc|+ +b||| mio do |cg|t|mo
d||c|to dc c|m|t|| +os scus tccn|cos c c|cnt|st+s o cstudo dc t+|s +|m+s +|+ n+ oo|tun|d+dc
uc m+|s ||c conv|c| c uc dcsc,+mos sc,+ |cmot+ ++|c||+| su+s |o|+s +|m+d+s com csscs mo-
dc|nos c cc|cntcs mc|os dc dc|cs+
+|
O con||onto |o| tio +c|||+do n+s +|t+s cs|c|+s d+ o||t|c+ uc sc |c|oduz|u nos mc|os |ntc|cctu-
+|s c cstud+nt|s d+s ||nc|+|s c+|t+|s do +|s ^ mcd|d+ uc os dco|mcntos C|| d+ |nc|g|+
^tom|c+ dom|n+v+m o not|c|+||o d+s |+d|os c g+n|+v+m +s +g|n+s dos ,o|n+|s d|+||os c d+s |c-
v|st+s scm+n+|s d+ c+|t+| |cdc|+| c|csc|+ o |ntc|cssc d+ o|n|io ub||c+ c o scnt|mcnto +nt|+mc-
+. ||||^ |O|^ |cvc|+io dos documcntos scc|ctos cnc+m|n|+dos o| |u+|cz os +co|dos cont|+ o ||+s|| ||o dc |+nc||o + dc
+gosto dc +,,e || o,o (^|u|vo ^c+dcm|+ ||+s||c||+ dc C|cnc|+s Co|cio |nc|g|+ |uc|c+|
+, C|||||||| +,,; ..o-...
+| ^||| +,,, ||
^ c||+io d+ C||| no contcxto do govc|no ||
::,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ..,-.,e ,u|-dcz .oo,
||c+n|st+ O +c|o n+c|on+||st+ c|+ tio |o|tc no |m+g|n+||o co|ct|vo uc os m|nc|+|s |+d|o+t|vos
|ns||+|+m o c+||o-+|cgo||co dc um dos |cst|tos do c+|n+v+| c+||oc+ dc +,,; |u|+ntc + c+m+-
n|+ cm dc|cs+ dos m|nc|+|s cst|+tcg|cos +|+ + |oduio dc cnc|g|+ nuc|c+| os |st+dos |n|dos
c|+m +cus+dos dc |css|on+| +s +uto||d+dcs b|+s||c||+s + |o|nccc| t+|s m|nc|+|s c dc |ngc|cnc|+
n+ o||t|c+ nuc|c+| b|+s||c||+ |cnunc|+v+-sc + con|vcnc|+ do |t+m+|+ty c sob|ctudo +s |cssocs
do gcnc|+| |u+|cz +vo|+ c do consc|v+do| |oio |cvcs d+ |ontou|+ |cscct|v+mcntc c|c|c do
C+b|nctc ||||t+| no govc|no C+|c ||||o c m|n|st|o d+s |c|+ocs |xtc||o|cs no govc|no do gcnc|+|
|ut|+ (+,|e-+,,+) c no scgundo govc|no V+|g+s
+,
|+|s um+ vcz |uscc||no |ub|tsc|c| +|ovc|tou o momcnto o||t|co +|+ |+n+| cm ,o dc +gosto
dc +,,e +s |||ct||zcs Covc|n+mcnt+|s +|+ + |o||t|c+ |+c|on+| dc |nc|g|+ |uc|c+| |o|mu|+d+s
c|+ Com|ssio |scc|+| uc nomc+|+ oucos mcscs +ntcs |nt|c os +s ontos o documcnto
|oun|+ + c||+io d+ Com|ssio |+c|on+| dc |nc|g|+ |uc|c+| |ccuc|+ndo o ||og|+m+ ^tom|-
co dc V+|g+s |o|mu|+do c|o Consc||o dc cgu|+n+ |+c|on+| |m|cmcnt+do c|o C|| c dcs-
t+c+v+ o dcscnvo|v|mcnto dc um +m|o |og|+m+ dc |o|m+io dc c|cnt|st+s tccn|cos c csc-
c|+||st+s +|+ os d|vc|sos scto|cs ||g+dos cnc|g|+ nuc|c+| + |oduio dc combust|vc|s nuc|c+|cs
+ suscnsio d+s cxo|t+ocs dc u|n|o to||o c out|os m|nc||os |nd|c+dos c|+ |utu|+ Com|ssio
|+c|on+| dc |nc|g|+ |uc|c+| c o c+ncc|+mcnto d+ cxo|t+io d+s ,oo tonc|+d+s dc ox|do dc
to||o +os |st+dos |n|dos uc |+v|+m s|do cont|+t+d+s n+uc|c mcsmo +no o| +uto||z+io d+
Ccmc ^|cm d|sso o govc|no odc||+ |ntc||omc| o ||og|+m+ Con,unto +|+ o |ccon|cc|mcn-
to dos |ccu|sos dc ||n|o no ||+s|| o uc nunc+ oco||cu c u+|uc| ncgoc|+io com out|os
+|scs cnvo|vcndo m+tc||+-||m+ dc +||c+io n+ +|c+ d+ cnc|g|+ nuc|c+| +ss+v+ + ncccss|t+|
dc +|ov+io do Cong|csso |+c|on+| ^cs+| dc + c||+io d+ Com|ssio |+c|on+| dc |nc|g|+ |u-
c|c+| d+ +b|+ngcnc|+ do |og|+m+ c do cont|o|c d+s cxo|t+ocs dc m|nc|+|s cst|+tcg|cos c|o
|cg|s|+t|vo o |+to dc + o||t|c+ n+c|on+| dc cnc|g|+ nuc|c+| sc| dc comctcnc|+ do Consc||o dc
cgu|+n+ |+c|on+| |c|o|+ + |ntcnio dc dcscnvo|vc| + tccno|og|+ +|+ ns m|||t+|cs
|mu|tnco +o +nunc|o d+s |||ct||zcs +|+ + |o||t|c+ dc |nc|g|+ ^tom|c+ |o| |o|m+||z+d+ + c||+-
io do |nst|tuto dc |nc|g|+ ^tom|c+ (||^)
+e
|nst|tu|io uc v|n|+ scndo cngcnd|+d+ no C||
cm +|cc||+ com + |n|vc|s|d+dc dc io |+u|o (||) +|+ |cccbc| o ||mc||o |c+to| do ||+s||
+du|||do c|o |og|+m+ ^tomos +|+ + |+z |+t+v+-sc dc o||t|c+ |dc+||z+d+ c|o |cs|dcntc
no|tc-+mc||c+no ||scn|owc| cm +,,, +|+ + vcnd+ dc |c+to|cs dc csu|s+ c dc combust|vc|
nuc|c+| + du+s dczcn+s dc +|scs conc|ct|z+d+ o| mc|o do ^co|do dc Cooc|+io +|+ |so
C|v|| d+ |nc|g|+ ^tom|c+ cm +,,,
+;
O ||^ t|n|+ o| n+||d+dcs dcscnvo|vc| csu|s+s sob|c
+, C|||||||| +,,; +,,-+,; C|| +,,; +,-+e O C||z|||O +e m+| +,,; ++e-++, +ud ^|||^|| +,,| +,o
+e ||^|| |cc|cto n ,,s;. dc ,+ dc +gosto dc +,,e c||+ o |nst|tuto dc |nc|g|+ ^tom|c+ |m +,e, o ||^ +ssou + sc| dcnom|-
n+do |nst|tuto dc |csu|s+s |nc|g|c+s c |uc|c+|cs - ||||
+; Vc| ^|||^|| .ooe so-se
^n+ |+||+ ||bc||o & +t|+nc +ntos
:,o
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ..,-.,e ,u|-dcz .oo,
+ cnc|g|+ +tom|c+ +|+ ns +c|cos |oduz|| |+d|o|sotoos |o|m+| c|cnt|st+s c tccn|cos c cs-
t+bc|ccc| +s b+scs c d+dos const|ut|vos +|+ |otot|os dc |c+to|cs Os do|s ||mc||os +nos do
|nst|tuto dc |nc|g|+ ^tom|c+ |o|+m m+|c+dos c|+ dctc|m|n+io do ||s|co |+|cc||o |+my dc
ouz+ +ntos
+s
dc const|u|| o |cd|o +|+ +b||g+| o |c+to| cm tcmo |cco|dc c c|o |nvcst|mcn-
to n+ |o|m+io cm ||s|c+ cxc||mcnt+| c tco||c+ dc um cucno g|uo dc |o|csso|cs d+ ||
bcm como dc m+|s um+ dczcn+ dc ,ovcns m+gnct|z+dos c|+s c|scct|v+s uc + cnc|g|+ nu-
c|c+| +b||+ +o +|s
O |o,cto dcscnvo|v|mcnt|st+ dc |uscc||no |ub|tsc|c| tod+v|+ |c|cg+v+ +o scgundo |+no o
dcscnvo|v|mcnto d+ c|cnc|+ c tccno|og|+ n+c|on+|s +o cx|g|| +m|+ +|t|c|+io do c+|t+| cs-
t|+ngc||o +|+ + |nst+|+io dc |ndust||+s modc|n+s |o| css+ |+zio os |ccu|sos +|+ + csu|s+
c|cnt|c+ c |o|m+io dc csso+| u+||c+do nio c|+m ||o||d+dcs con|o|mc +tcst+ + |cduio
do o|+mcnto do C|| |o modc|o dc || +s cm|cs+s uc +u| sc |nst+|+|+m t|+z|+m |ontos
os scus |o,ctos tccno|og|cos c so ncccss|t+v+m dc tccn|cos +|+ t|+b+||+| n+s |+b||c+s ||+ c|+|+
+ d|cotom|+ cnt|c +s +s||+ocs n+c|on+|s c + o||t|c+ dcscnvo|v|mcnt|st+
2. A criao da CNEN
|m +o dc outub|o dc +,,e cum||ndo +s |||ct||zcs Covc|n+mcnt+|s +|+ + |o||t|c+ |+c|on+| dc
|nc|g|+ |uc|c+| c do|s +nos +ntcs d+ ub||c+io do |c|+to||o n+| d+ C|| d+ |nc|g|+ ^tom|c+
+,

tc| s|do conc|u|do |o| c||+d+ + Com|ssio |+c|on+| dc |nc|g|+ |uc|c+| (C|||)
.o
Como o|gio su-
c||o| dc |+nc,+mcnto subo|d|n+do |cs|dcnc|+ d+ |cub||c+ c+b|+ cxc|us|v+mcntc C|||
|oo| mcd|d+s ,u|g+d+s ncccss+||+s o||cnt+io d+ o||t|c+ n+c|on+| dc cnc|g|+ +tom|c+ cm to-
d+s +s |+scs c +scctos cxccut+| d||ct+mcntc ou cm convcn|o csu|s+s c |og|+m+s dc dcscn-
vo|v|mcnto tccno|og|co ||g+dos cnc|g|+ nuc|c+| no|tc+ndo su+s +t|v|d+dcs +|+ |og|+m+s dc
|c+| |ntc|cssc do +|s c so cxccut+vc|s o| o|g+n|smos govc|n+mcnt+|s |cstc c+so o |cs|dcntc
|uscc||no |ub|tsc|c| cst|+tcg|c+mcntc |+z|+ uso do +|t|go , c scu , + d+ |c| n +,+o dc +, dc
,+nc||o dc +,,+ uc dctc|m|n+v+
Art. , |.aac sco .co:c'e ac |s:aac c o:eoac ac Ccose'nc `a.coa' ae |esasas ca
aaoac oe.essac ac |s:aac/ac aas |cas ^oaaas ca ae ca:c cac ae /c aesoaac
e'c |esaeo:e aa |eao'.a :caas as a:.aaaes e/eeo:es ac ac.e:aoeo:c aa eoea a:c
o.a seo eac aa 'oeaaae ae esasa .eo:.a e :e.oc'c.a
+s |+|cc||o |+my dc ouz+ +ntos c|+ |o|csso| do |c+|t+mcnto dc ||s|c+ d+ || mcmb|o do Consc||o |c||bc|+t|vo c d+
Com|ssio dc |nc|g|+ ^tom|c+ do C||
+, ^||| +,,, +,+-+,|
.o ||^|| |cc|cto n |o++o dc +o dc outub|o dc +,,e
^ c||+io d+ C||| no contcxto do govc|no ||
:,+
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ..,-.,e ,u|-dcz .oo,
, Ccoe:e .a:.aoeo:e ac |esaeo:e aa |eao'.a ceo:a a c':.a ea' aa eoea
a:co.a eo :caas as saas /ases e ase.:cs
.
O |cs|dcntc || cm v|s|t+ C|||
^ C||| +ssou + tc| +s +t||bu|ocs |c|+t|v+s +|c+ nuc|c+| +tc cntio dc |csons+b|||d+dc do
C|| c||+ndo + |+|s+ cxcct+t|v+ cnt|c mcmb|os n+c|on+||st+s d+ cxt|nt+ Com|ssio dc |nc|g|+
^tom|c+ dc uc o novo o|gio d+||+ cont|nu|d+dc +o scu |og|+m+ |+ +v+||+io dc |osc |c|tc
|ocs os ||mc||os +nos dc +t|v|d+dcs d+ C||| nio co||csondc|+m + csscs +nsc|os v|sto uc
+ o||t|c+ dc cxo|t+io dos m|nc|+|s nuc|c+|cs nio |o| +|tc|+d+ cm su+ csscnc|+
..
|m out|o
n|vc| mcsmo com + c||+io d+ C||| uc ouco + ouco |||+ conccnt|+| +s +t|v|d+dcs dc cs-
.+ ||^|| |c| n +,+o dc +, dc ,+nc||o dc +,,+ C||+ o Consc||o |+c|on+| dc |csu|s+s ||son|vc| cm wwwescn+dogovb|.
^ccsso cm ++ dc ,u||o dc .oo,
.. |||| |O|| +,;s +,s
^n+ |+||+ ||bc||o & +t|+nc +ntos
:,:
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ..,-.,e ,u|-dcz .oo,
u|s+ c |osccio dc u|n|o c to||o o C|| c o |c+|t+mcnto |+c|on+| dc ||oduio ||nc|+|
(||||) cont|nu+|+m + |c+||z+| + t+|c|+ +tc +,,, o| |+|t+ dc o|+mcnto d+ nov+ |nst|tu|io
3. Consideraes nais
|+ gcstio do ||mc||o |cs|dcntc d+ C||| o +|m||+ntc Oct+c|||o Cun|+ cx-d||cto| d+ |+b||c+
dc ^|t|||+||+ uc tcvc o t|tu|o dc +ss|stcntc do |cs|dcntc do C|| ^|v+|o ^|bc|to c |o| |nd|c+-
do +|+ o c+|go c|o m|n|st|o d+ |+||n|+ |ocu|ou-sc cst+bc|ccc| o +|c+bouo |nst|tuc|on+|
|cc|ut+| csso+| u+||c+do dc m|n|stc||os o|g+n|z+| o o|g+nog|+m+ c + c+||c||+ dos |utu|os
sc|v|do|cs cm g|+ndc +|tc m|||t+|cs |u|+ntc o govc|no || +s dcc|socs c+|+m + c+|go d+ c-
ucn+ Com|ssio |c||bc|+t|v+ |ntcg|+d+ c|o |cs|dcntc do o|gio +|cm do d||om+t+ Oct+v|o
^ugusto ||+s C+|nc||o dos cngcn|c||os u|m|cos ||+nc|sco |umbc|to |+c| c |c|n+|do Cc|sc|
c do ||s|co |o+u|m d+ Cost+ ||bc||o subst|tu|do c|o gco||s|co ||n+c| do ^m+|+| cm m+|o dc
+,,s ^ cxccio do ||mc||o c do u|t|mo +|cm dc Oct+c|||o os dcm+|s mcmb|os c|+m cg|cssos
d+ Com|ssio dc |nc|g|+ ^tom|c+ do C||
.,
^tc + C||| sc cst|utu|+| o C|| t+mbcm cont|nuou + com|+| o ox|do dc to||o cxt|+|do d+s
+|c|+s mon+z|t|c+s n+ |s|n+ dc +nto ^m+|o (O|u|m+;|) c dcu cont|nu|d+dc +o ||og|+m+
Con,unto +|+ o |ccon|cc|mcnto dos |ccu|sos dc ||n|o no ||+s|| |m+do com os |st+dos
|n|dos cm +,,, c du|+mcntc c||t|c+do n+ C|| d+ |nc|g|+ ^tom|c+ u+ndo +du|||u +utono-
m|+ + C||| t+mbcm nio |novou c cont|nuou +s +ocs do C|| |osccio dc m|nc||o cm
+|cc||+ com o |||| |o|m+io dc tccn|cos c c|cnt|st+s cm ccnt|os dc t|c|n+mcnto c un|vc|s|-
d+dcs c dcscnvo|v|mcnto dc |o,cto dc um+ us|n+ dc bcncc|+mcnto dc u|n|o n+ ||+n+ |cm
mcsmo o g|+ndc |o,cto +|+ |nst+|+| um+ ccnt|+| nuc|c+| |ox|m+ b+c|+ do ||o |+mbuc+b+
(||)
.|
v|ngou |o| cng+vct+do cm +,e, |m dos oucos cx|tos do c||odo |o| + c||+io do |+bo-
|+to||o dc |os|mct||+ cm +,,, cm +|cc||+ com + |ont|||c|+ |n|vc|s|d+dc C+to||c+ do ||o dc
|+nc||o (||C-||)
.,
Os |csu|t+dos do ||+no dc |ct+s +|+ o scto| nuc|c+| c+|+m +ucm do csc|+do |m su+s
mcmo||+s || +|cgou uc o cont|+b+ndo dc mon+z|t+ c o nio +|ovc|t+mcnto d+s u|t|+ccnt||-
., ^ ossc dos mcmb|os c scus m+nd+tos no Consc||o |c||bc|+t|vo d+ C||| |o|+m d|st||bu|dos d+ scgu|ntc m+nc||+ |c|-
n+|do Cc|sc| (os;++;+,,e-.o;oe;+,e.) ||+nc|sco |oio |umbc|to |+c| (os;++;+,,e .;;o+;+,e,) |o+u|m d+ Cost+ ||-
bc||o (os;++;+,,e .|;o,;+,,s) Oct+v|o ^ugusto ||+s C+|nc||o (os;++;+,,e-+s;o,;+,e+) c ||n+c| do ^m+|+| (.,;o,;+,,s
+s;o,;+,e+) ||o,cto |cmo||+ n+ Com|ssio |+c|on+| dc |nc|g|+ |uc|c+| |tt;;mcmo||+cncngov +ccsso cm +| dc ,+nc||o
dc .oo,
.| C| ||^|| |cc|cto n |;,;| dc ,+ dc dczcmb|o dc +,,, C||+ + uc||ntcndcnc|+ do ||o,cto |+mbuc+b+ +,,,
., (|m +,;. +ssou + dcnom|n+|-sc |nst|tuto dc |+d|o|otcio c |os|mct||+ (|||))
^ c||+io d+ C||| no contcxto do govc|no ||
:,,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ..,-.,e ,u|-dcz .oo,
|ug+s cncomcnd+d+s n+ ^|cm+n|+ o| ^|v+|o ^|bc|to |o|+m |csons+vc|s c|os |nsuccssos
.e

|succcu-sc dc |cmb|+| uc cn||+ucccu + |oduio dc c|cnc|+ c dc tccno|og|+ +o |cduz|| o o|-
+mcnto do C|| uc + C||| +du|||u + O|u|m+ ^ cm cst+do |c-|+||mcnt+| cu,o m+|o|
+c|on|st+ c|+ scu g|+ndc +m|go c +sscsso| ^ugusto ||cdc||co c|m|dt c dc tc| tom+do |ov|-
dcnc|+s +|+ t|+ns|c||| + Com|ssio |+c|on+| dc |nc|g|+ |uc|c+| +|+ + ,u||sd|io do |cccm-c||+do
||n|stc||o d+s ||n+s c |nc|g|+ + +|t|| dc |cvc|c||o dc +,e+
.;
4. Decreto n 40.110, de 10 de Outubro de 1956
Ca a Ccossac `a.coa' ae |oea `a.'ea e aa ca:as c.a`o.as
O ||cs|dcntc d+ |cub||c+ us+ndo d+ +t||bu|io uc ||c con|c|c o +|t s; |nc|so | d+ Const|tu|-
io c tcndo cm v|st+ o d|sosto no +|t|go , c scu , + d+ |c| n +,+o dc +, dc ,+nc||o dc +,,+
|cc|ct+
Art. + | .aaa a Ccossac `a.coa' ae |oea `a.'ea C`|`) ae:aoeo:e saocaoaaa
|esa`o.a aa |eao'.a eo.aeaaa ae cc as oeaaas a'aaas oe.essaas ceo:aac
aa c':.a ea' aa eoea a:co.a eo :caas as saas /ases e ase.:cs
Art. ^ Ccossac `a.coa' ae |oea `a.'ea sea .cos::aaa ae .o.c ,) oeoocs acs
aas ao sea c esaeo:e
aragraro unlco. O esaeo:e e cs aeoas oeoocs aa C`|` seac ae '.e es.c'na e ocoe
aac ac |esaeo:e aa |eao'.a
Art. , ^ C`|` .cos::aa c essca' oe.essac ac sea /ao.coaoeo:c oeaao:e easac
acs /os:cs ^a:aaas e aeoas cacs ac se.c ao'.c oa /coa aas ascsces 'eas
.eo:es
Art. Os se.cs es:aacs oa C`|` seac .cosaeaacs ae oa:aea e'e.ao:e e seo
eoaoeaac
.e ob|c + ||sto||+ d+s u|t|+ccnt|||ug+s vc| |^||| +,,. ,, ||^|| cn+do |cdc|+| +,s, v , ,, ^|||^|| +,,,
+,;
.; ||^|| |c| n ,;s. dc .. dc ,u||o dc +,eo C||+ os ||n|stc||os d+ |ndust||+ c do Comc|c|o c d+s ||n+s c |nc|g|+ ^o ||n|stc||o
d+s ||n+s c |nc|g|+ con|o|mc o ^|t ; c |nco|o|+d+ + Com|ssio dc |xo|t+io dc |+tc||+|s |st|+tcg|cos c con|o|mc o ^|t
s + Com|ssio |+c|on+| dc |nc|g|+ |uc|c+| +ss+ +|+ + ,u||sd|io do mcsmo
^n+ |+||+ ||bc||o & +t|+nc +ntos
:,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ..,-.,e ,u|-dcz .oo,
Pargrafo nico. Os o':aes aesoaacs ca eas:aacs aa a C`|` seac .cosaeaacs eo
/aoces ae oa:aea ca o:eesse o':a aa cs os ac ascs:c ocs a:s .; 'e:a e e ., 'e:a
aa |e o ,. ae .o ae aoec ae ,,
^: , ^c |esaeo:e aa C`|` .aoe coc.e a e\e.aac aa |c':.a ae |oea `a.'ea
ac.aaa e'c |esaeo:e aa |eao'.a
|aaa/c ao.c Cco c ccs:c e.s:c oc a: , a C`|` asca ae es:a:aa aaoos:a
:.a .co.eoeo:e ae sea es:aoe'e.aa eo |ea'aoeo:c
^: . O eseo:e |e.e:c eo:aa eo .c oa aa:a aa saa ao'.aac e.caaas as ascs
ces eo .co:ac
|c ae (aoec o ae ca:aoc ae ,,. ,, aa |oaeeoa`o.a e . aa |eao'.a
Juscelino Kubitschek
Nereu Ramos
Referncias
+. Arqulvos
^|u|vo |c|v+s|o dc C+|v+||o (|^)
^|u|vo ^c+dcm|+ ||+s||c||+ dc C|cnc|+s Co|cio |nc|g|+ |uc|c+| (|^)
:. Obras cltadas e consultadas
^|||^|| ^n+ | ||bc||o dc ^ oio nuc|c+| 0 +nos |umo +utonom|+ ||o dc |+nc||o |^
C||| .00o
_____ ||s|cos mcsons c o||t|c+ + d|nm|c+ d+ c|cnc|+ n+ soc|cd+dc io |+u|o |uc|tcc ||o dc |+nc||o
|^ 1
_____ O C|uzc||o c + const|uio dc um m|to d+ c|cnc|+ |c|s|c|||um v c 10-1! nov 14
||^|| ||og|+m+ dc |ct+s do |cs|dcntc |uscc||no |ub|tsc|c| ||o dc |+nc||o ||cs|dcnc|+ d+ |cub||-
c+ 1c
^ c||+io d+ C||| no contcxto do govc|no ||
:,,
|+|c |st|+t ||+s|||+-|| v +| n ., ..,-.,e ,u|-dcz .oo,
||^|| cn+do |cdc|+| ||scu|sos ||+s|||+ cn+do |cdc|+| 1c! !v
C|| |c|+to||o dc +t|v|d+dcs do Consc||o |+c|on+| dc |csu|s+s cm 1o ||o dc |+nc||o |nd C|+c+s
+v+|cs 1
|||||||^ |+||ct+ dc |o|+cs ^||||O C+||os |du+|do ^ |cub||c+ b|+s||c||+ +ctos c |utu|+s
|n CO|| ^ngc|+ dc C+st|o |^||O||| |u|cc ^||||| Vc|cn+ (Coo|d) ^ |cub||c+ no ||+s||
||o dc |+nc||o C||OC .00.
C|||||||| O|ym|o O ||+s|| c + c|+ +tom|c+ ||o dc |+nc||o V|to||+ 1
||||C||| |uscc||no |o| uc const|u|| ||+s|||+ ||o dc |+nc||o ||oc| 1 ! v
|||| |O|| |osc C|cnc|+ c ||bc|t+io ||o dc |+nc||o |+z c c||+ 1c
|^||| |+u|o osm+s nuc|c+|cs o ,ogo d+s t|+++s n+ o||t|c+ nuc|c+| do +|s io |+u|o ||C|-
|C 1.
^||| |+gobc|to ^s |+zocs do n+c|on+||smo io |+u|o |d|to|+ |u|go| 1
||C C+dc|nos ||C io |+u|o ||C .00o !v
,. Sltes consultados
Ccnt|o dc |csu|s+ c |ocumcnt+io d+ ||sto||+ Contcmo|c do ||+s|| ||son|vc| cm |tt;;www
cdoc|gvb|. ^ccsso cm 1c ,+n .00
|stcm+ dc |n|o|m+io no Cong|csso |+c|on+| cn+do |cdc|+| ||son|vc| cm |tt;;wwwoscn+do
govb|;s|con;||c+|+|csu|s++ct|on. ^ccsso cm 1c ,+n .00
||+s|| ||n|stc||o d+ C|cnc|+ c ccno|og|+ Comlsso Haclonal de Lnergla Huclear ||son|vc| cm
|tt;;mcmo||+cncngov. ^ccsso cm 1c ,+n .00