WORKSHOP 18

Linear Static Analysis of a Spring Element (CELAS)

SObjectives:
s Modify nodal analysis and nodal definition coordinate systems to reference a local coordinate system. s Define bar elements connected with a spring element. (CBAR and CELAS1) s Submit the model to MSC.Nastran. s Apply a rigid body constraint to account for the extra DOF on a bar element. (SPC) s Re-submit the model to MSC.Nastran s Compare results with a hand calculation.

MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

18-1

WORKSHOP 18

Analysis of a Spring Element (CELAS)

Model Description:
The Figure in the title page shows a cantilever beam with a spring connection in between two elements. The spring is highlighted for clarification. The left end is fixed into the wall, and a tensile load of 100 lbf is applied to the right end of the model. Figure 18.1 shows two user defined coordinate systems. Nodes on the left half of the beam will reference Coordinate System 11 for displacements and location. Nodes on the right half will reference Coordinate System 13. Figure 18.1 - Coordinate Frames

Figure 18.2 - Grid Coordinates and Element Connectivities

18-2

MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

18-3

WORKSHOP 18

Analysis of a Spring Element (CELAS)

Figure 18.3 - Loads and Boundary Conditions

Table 18.3 - Material Properties Elastic Modulus = Poissons Ratio = 10E6 lb/in2 0.3

A spring element is attached at the midpoint of the assembly. Properties for the spring, and bar elements are shown in Table 18.1 and Table 18.2. The material properties for the model are shown in Table 18.3. Because the spring attaches the beams in the Global X direction, the model is properly connected for a hand calculation. However, for MSC.Nastran, all DOF of the model have to be constrained against rigid body motions. When the model is first submitted for analysis, a fatal error message will be returned. Because the right half of the bar elements also have DOF in the UY, UX, RX, RY, and RZ, an additional constraint needs to be applied. After adding the constraints and re-running the job, compare the deflection results with the hand calculation. Table 18.1 - Spring Properties Spring Constant = Table 18.2 - Element Properties
A I11 I22 Torsional Constant 1 in2 10 in4 10 in4 0.1

100 lb/in

18-4

MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

18-5

WORKSHOP 18

Analysis of a Spring Element (CELAS)

Suggested Exercise Steps:

s Open a new database. s Define the coordinate systems. s Create Curves to define bar elements. s Mesh the Curves and define the nodal coordinate systems for each half of the model. s Define the spring element. s Define material properties. s Define spring and bar properties. s Apply the first constraint and load on the model. s Submit the model to MSC.Nastran.

Exercise Procedure:
1. Create a new database called lesson18.db File/New Database New Database Name OK In the New Model Preferences form set the following: Tolerance Analysis code: OK 2. Activate the entity labels by selecting the Show Labels button on the toolbar. Show Labels x Default MSC/NASTRAN lesson18

s Review the model for fatal messages. s Add a constraint to account for rigid body motions. s Re-submit the model to MSC.Nastran. s Compare the results with a hand calculation. 4. Create coordinate frames. xGeometry Action: Object: Method: Coord ID List: Origin: Point on Axis 3: Point on Plane 1-3: Apply Coord ID List:
18-6 MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

3. Also, activate the Node Size button. Node Size

Create Coord 3 Point 11 [0, 0, 0] [0, 1, 0] [0, 0, 1]

13
MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook 18-7

WORKSHOP 18

Analysis of a Spring Element (CELAS)

Coord 11

Origin: Point on Axis 3: Point on Plane 1-3: Apply 5. Create parent geometry.

[21, 0, 0] [22, 0, 0] [21, 0, -1]

Refer. Coordinate Frame: OK Curve List: Apply Node Coordinate Frames... Analysis Coordinate Frame: Refer. Coordinate Frame:

Curve 1

Coord 13 Coord 13

x Geometry
Action: Object: Method: Refer. Coordinate List: Vector Coordinates List: Origin Coordinates List: Apply Refer. Coordinate List: Vector Coordinates List: Origin Coordinates List: Apply 6. Create the nodes (GRID) and connectivities (CBAR) by meshing the curves previously created. Coord 13 <0, 0, 20> [0, 0, 0] Create Curve XYZ Coord 11 <0, 20, 0> [0, 0, 0]

OK Curve List: Apply 7. Create the spring. Curve 2

x Finite Elements
Action: Object: Method: Shape: Node 1 = Node 2 = Apply 7a. Define spring properties. Create Element Edit Bar Node 3 Node 4

x Finite Elements
Action: Object: Type: Global Edge Length: Element Topology: Node Coordinate Frames... Analysis Coordinate Frame:
18-8 MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

Create Mesh Curve 10 Bar2

x Properties
Action: Object: Type: Property Set Name: Input Properties... Create 1D Spring spring

Coord 11

Spring Constant

100
MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook 18-9

WORKSHOP 18

Analysis of a Spring Element (CELAS)

DOF at Node 1 DOF at Node 2 OK

UY UZ

9. Define a material using the specified modulus of elasticity and Poissons ratio.

x Materials
Action: Create Isotropic Manual Input alum Object: Method: Material Name: Input Properties...

(hint: To select the element on the screen, use the Beam element option from the entity selection menu.)

Beam element

Select Members Add Apply 8. Clean up the display. Display/Plot/Erase... Geometry OK

Elm 5

Constitutive Model: Elastic Modulus = Poisson Ratio = OK Apply

Linear Elastic 10e6 0.3

Erase

10. Define element properties for the analysis model.

x Properties
Action: Dimension: Type: Create 1D Beam beam General Section

Refresh the display using the brush icon on the Top Menu Bar. Refresh Graphics The display should resemble Figure 18.4. Figure 18.4 - Nodal and Element Locations

Property Set Name: Option(s): Input Properties... Material Name Bar Orientation Area [Inertia 1,1] [Inertia 2,2] [Torsional Constant] OK

m:alum < 0, 1, 0 > 1 10 10 0.1

18-10

MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

18-11

WORKSHOP 18

Analysis of a Spring Element (CELAS)

Select Members: Add Apply

Elm 1:4

Figure 18.5 - Boundary Condition.

11. Shrink the elements by 15% for clarity; this allows us to easily assess the element connectivities. Use the Display/Finite Elements... option. Display/Finite Elements... FEM Shrink: Apply 12. Create the displacement constraints and apply them to the analysis model. 0.15 13. Create the load.

x Loads/BCs
Action: Object: Create Force Nodal load

x Loads/BCs
Action: Object: Type: New Set Name: Input Data... Translations < T1 T2 T3 > Rotations < R1 R2 R3 > Analysis Coordinate Frame OK Select Application Region... Geometry Filter: Select Nodes: Add OK Apply The display should resemble Figure 18.5.
18-12 MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

Create Displacement Nodal fixed

Method: New Set Name: Input Data... Force < F1 F2 F3 > Moment < M1 M2 M3 >

<100, 0, 0> < >

<0, 0, 0> <0, 0, 0> Coord 11

OK Select Application Region... Geometry Filter: Select Nodes: Add x FEM Node 6

x FEM
Node 1

OK Apply To view both the coordinate frames and the load easier, change the view to Isoview_1 by selecting the following icon: Iso 1 View

MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

18-13

WORKSHOP 18

Analysis of a Spring Element (CELAS)

Figure 18.6 - Load.

Generating an input file for MSC.Nastran Users:

15. MSC.Nastran users can generate an input file using the data from page ?-?. The result should be similar to the output below (lesson18.dat):

new.dat file

14. Generate an input file for analysis.

x Analysis
Action: Object: Method: Job Name: Apply A MSC.Nastran input file called lesson18.bdf will be generated. This process of translating your model into an input file is called the Forward Translation. The Forward Translation is complete when the Heartbeat turns green. MSC.Patran Users should proceed to step?. Analyze Entire Model Analysis Deck lesson18

18-14

MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

18-15

WORKSHOP 18

Analysis of a Spring Element (CELAS)

SUBMITTING THE INPUT FILE FOR MSC.Nastran and MSC.Patran USERS:

16. Submit the input file to MSC.Nastran for analysis. 16a. To submit the MSC.Patran .bdf file, find an available UNIX shell window. At the command prompt enter nastran lesson18.bdf scr=yes. Monitor the run using the UNIX ps command. 16b. To submit the MSC.Nastran .dat file, find an available UNIX shell window and at the command prompt enter nastran lesson18 scr=yes. Monitor the run using the UNIX ps command. 17. When the run is completed, edit the lesson18.f06 file and search for the word FATAL. explanation

Apply Figure 18.7 - Load and Boundary Conditions.

19. Generate an input file for analysis. 18. Create additional displacement constraints to avoid a fatal error.

x Loads/BCs
Action: Object: Type: New Set Name: Input Data... Translations < T1 T2 T3 > Rotations < R1 R2 R3 > Analysis Coordinate Frame OK Select Application Region... Geometry Filter: Select Nodes: Add OK <0, 0, > <0, 0, 0> Coord 13 Create Displacement

x Analysis
Action: Object: Method: Nodal constraint Job Name: Apply A MSC.Nastran input file called lesson18.bdf will be generated. This process of translating your model into an input file is called the Forward Translation. The Forward Translation is complete when the Heartbeat turns green. MSC.Patran Users should proceed to step ?. Analyze Entire Model Analysis Deck lesson18

x FEM
Node 4

18-16

MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

18-17

WORKSHOP 18

Analysis of a Spring Element (CELAS)

Generating an input file for MSC.Nastran Users:

20. MSC.Nastran users can generate an input file using the data from page ?-?. The result should be similar to the output below (lesson18.dat):

SUBMITTING THE INPUT FILE FOR MSC.Nastran and MSC.Patran USERS:

21. Submit the input file to MSC.Nastran for analysis. 21a. To submit the MSC.Patran .bdf file, find an available UNIX shell window. At the command prompt enter nastran lesson18.bdf scr=yes. Monitor the run using the UNIX ps command. 21b. To submit the MSC.Nastran .dat file, find an available UNIX shell window and at the command prompt enter nastran lesson18 scr=yes. Monitor the run using the UNIX ps command.When the run is completed, edit the lesson18.f06 file and search for the word FATAL.

new .dat file

18-18

MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

18-19

WORKSHOP 18

Analysis of a Spring Element (CELAS)

Comparison of Results:
22. Compare the results obtained in the .f06 file with the results on the previous page:

23.MSC.Nastran Users have finished this exercise. MSC.Patran Users should proceed to the next step.
24. Proceed with the Reverse Translation process, that is, attaching the lesson13a.xdb results file into MSC..Patran. To do this, return to the Analysis form and proceed as follows:

Also compare the results in the .f06 file with the following hand calculations applicable to node #6.

x Analysis
Action: Object: Method: Attach XDB Result Entities Translate

Deflection from the axial load:

Select Results File... Selected Results File lesson18.xdb

PL 100 50 T1 = ----------- = ------------------------------------6 AE 0.97 ( 10 10 )

T1 = 5.15E 4 in

OK Apply Reset the graphics by click on the Reset Graphics icon: Reset Graphics

Deflection from the bending moment:

ML200 50 T2 = ---------------- = ------------------------------------------------6 2IE 2 ( 2.65 ) ( 10 10 )

T2 = 9.43E 3 in

25. When the translation is complete and the Heartbeat turns green, bring up the Results form. Find the maximum deformation.

x Results
Action: Object: Rotation at the end: Select Result Case(s) Select Deformation Result Create Deformation Default, Static Subcase Displacements, Translational Resultant

ML 200 50 R3 = ----------- = -----------------------------------------6 EI ( 10 10 ) ( 2.65 )

R3 = 3.77E 4 rad

Show As: Apply

18-20

MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook

18-21

Figure 18.8 - Deformation.

Note: Compare the results to what was found in the .f06 file.

18-22

MSC.Nastran 105 Exercise Workbook