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A 2.855 personas les gusta esto. Ms Bionics learning from nature Mercedes-Benz researchers and engineers have for the first time searched for a prototype in nature that approximates an aerodynamic, safe, comfortable and environmentally compatible car. They found a source of inspiration that, despite its box-shaped body, has excellent aerodynamic properties: the boxfish. The boxfish-inspired Bionic Car undercuts the drag coefficient values for modern compact cars by more than 65%. The boxfish is a model of rigidity and lightweight design. Its outer skin is made up of numerous bony hexagonal plates, which combine maximum strength with minimum weight. Translated to the Bionic Car, this bionic approach to structural design reduces the weight of the bodyshell by about one third without diminishing its rigidity or crash safety. The "boxfish principle" also achieves a significant reduction in fuel consumption: the 103 kW direct-injection diesel engine uses just 4.3 litres per 100 km in the European combined driving cycle. This figure is 20 percent lower than that of a comparable series-production model. And at a constant 90 km/h, fuel consumption drops to just 2.8 litres per 100 km. Minimum emissions also play a key role in the Bionic Car. As well as an oxidation catalytic converter and particulate filter as standard, a special technology is employed to convert nitrogen oxide into harmless nitrogen and water. The effect in the European test cycle is a reduction of up to 80% in nitrogen oxide emissions.

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personas les gusta esto. Hydrogen energy source using energy more efficiently Me gusta Mercedes-Benz Vietnam In the F600 HYGENIUS, a fuel cell converts hydrogen into electrical energy with a high degree of efficiency. Its hydrogen consumption corresponds to an energy equivalent of 2.9 litres of diesel, producing an operating range in excess of 400 km. The F600 HYGENIUS opens the door to a mobile future. This is because hydrogen can be produced without impact on the environment. But the F600 HYGENIUS can do more. It is a mobile power plant. Its 66 kW power output is sufficient to provide several family homes with electrical energy. Different electrical devices can be supplied with electricity via a 110/220 V power outlet in the boot. The F600 also delivers intelligent, targeted solutions. The passenger and rear seats can slide laterally as well as lengthways. The backrests on both sides of the seat can also be swung round to the front (opposing the direction of travel). Video cameras in the wing mirrors monitor the blind spots when driving and lock the doors briefly as the passengers get out if another road user comes too near. Using a colour display in the instrument panel helps to reduce strain on the eyes when shifting focus (a mirror deflects light rays from the display to the lower edge of the front windscreen). This means that the eyes no longer have to adjust their focus as sharply between near and far vision and drivers tire less easily.

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The F700 makes the impossible possible. It unites a high level of environmental compatibility with excellent performance and outstanding comfort. The secret is the Saloon's DIESOTTO drive, which connects the strength of a low-emission petrol engine with the economy of a diesel. But this "future-mobile" has even more to offer. The F700's PRE-SCAN chassis is a world first. It uses two lasers to scan the road in front of the car for uneven areas and compensates with a high degree of sensitivity. The REVERSE seat sets new standards. It allows individual sitting and reclining positions to face both the direction of travel and the opposite direction. A further highlight is an avatar that appears on the SERVO-HMI display as an electronic assistant. This avatar helps with navigation, making phone calls or searching for a radio station.

Innovative drive systems which forge new paths Mercedes-Benz engineers have developed three vehicles based on sandwich floor architecture. This is possible thanks to Concept BlueZERO and the integrated technologies F-CELL, E-CELL and E-CELL PLUS. The F-CELL runs on a fuel-cell drive that is already used in a low-volume production version of the B-Class. A chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen enables the drive system to generate electrical energy without using fossil fuels. The second drive concept, E-CELL, operates with an innovative 120 V lithium-ion battery. The third BlueZERO unit is called E-CELL PLUS. In this case, a 1.0 litre turbo petrol engine in the rear of the vehicle is installed to drive the power generator. The three -cylinder engine re-charges the lithium-ion battery according to requirements. On this basis, the vehicle can cover up to 600 km on one tank of fuel and 100 km without a petrol engine. A further advantage of these three drive systems is the fact that maximum torque is available as soon as the vehicle moves off, which makes for excellent acceleration.

Our most innovative technology: thinking ahead Mercedes-Benz has a tradition of producing great ideas. But we continue to develop and refuse to rely on our previous achievements. Our Mercedes-Benz research vehicles bring future technologies to life and embody our vision of the future of the automobile. The following pages describe our research vehicles from previous years.

With us passion is a tradition For 125 years we have been driven by one thing: an enthusiasm for building cars. Visitors have been able to admire the results of this passion since May 2006 in the spectacular Mercedes-Benz Museum. However, the foundation for an archive of automotive history was laid much earlier, to be more exact in 1899 when Gottlieb Daimler presented his first attempts at vehicle construction at the motor vehicle exhibition in Berlin. In 1923 the first small factory museum was opened and 1936 marked the founding of the Daimler-Benz corporate archive. Since this time we have continually expanded our collections. In the 1960s a new Daimler-Benz Museum was opened to commemorate the 75th anniversary of the company and it was later expanded to celebrate the 100th anniversary. In 2006 the historical site of automotive development was moved to a new address neighbouring the Daimler main production facility in Stuttgart with the opening of the current Mercedes-Benz museum.

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The name Mercedes as a trademark The name Mercedes was registered on 23 June 1902 and trademarked on 26 September. From June 1903, Emil Jellinek obtained permission to call himself "Jellinek-Mercedes". "It's probably the first time that a father has taken the name of his daughter," commented the successful businessman at the time. In 1907, Jellinek was appointed Austro-Hungarian Consul General and shortly afterwards Mexican Consul. He retired from the motor vehicle business in 1909 to devote his energies entirely to his duties as head of the Austro-Hungarian Consulate in Monaco. He remained an interested observer of automotive engineering developments until his death on 21 January 1918.

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The triumphant success of Mercedes In April 1900, Jellinek concluded an agreement with DMG concerning sales of cars and engines and the decision was taken to use the pseudonym "Mercedes" as a product name. It was also agreed that a new engine "bearing the name Daimler-Mercedes" was to be developed. A good fortnight later Jellinek ordered 36 vehicles for a total price of 550,000 Marks equivalent to 3 million Euros of today. That was a very large order, and not only by those days' standards. After a few weeks he again ordered 36 cars with 8 hp engines. The first car equipped with the new engine, a 35 hp (26 kW) racing car, was delivered to Jellinek on 22 December 1900. This first "Mercedes", developed by Wilhelm Maybach, Chief Design Engineer at DMG, caused a sensation at the beginning of the last century. With a low centre of gravity, compressed-steel frame, light and powerful engine and honeycomb radiator, it introduced many innovations and today is seen as the first modern automobile. The racing week in Nice in March 1901, during which the Mercedes cars were unbeatable in virtually all disciplines, earned Jellinek and his vehicles an exceptionally high profile. The 12/16 hp and 8/11 hp sister models appeared in March and August 1901. And thanks to Jellinek's orders, the Daimler plant in Cannstatt was operating at full capacity.

Name of the daughter Emil Jellinek's business activities became so profitable that he moved to Nice. There he bought himself his first vehicle, a Dion-Bouton tricycle. This was followed by a threewheeled Lon-Bolle Voiturette, which was subsequently replaced by a four-seater Benz carriage. A newspaper article drew Jellinek's attention to Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft and in 1897 he travelled to Cannstatt to visit the Daimler factory. Here he ordered his first Daimler car, a 6 hp belt-driven model with a two-cylinder engine, which was delivered to him in October 1897. However, Jellinek soon found that the car's top speed of 24 km/h was not enough. He wanted 40 km/h and ordered two more cars: the Daimler Phoenix cars with front-mounted 8 hp engines supplied to him in September 1898 were the world's first road vehicles with four-cylinder engines. Emil Jellinek, who had a large residence in Nice and enjoyed good relations with international financiers and aristocrats, became increasingly active as a car dealer from 1898, promoting and selling Daimler vehicles to the top echelons of society. In 1899 alone DMG supplied ten cars to Jellinek. Jellinek demanded ever faster and more powerful cars from DMG. He entered these in racing events first and foremost the Week of Nice. He had the habit of racing under a pseudonym, using his daughter's name. The resulting successes made the name "Mercedes the hot topic of conversation in motoring circles.

From the life of a globetrotter Emil Jellinek was born in Leipzig on 6 April 1853. As a schoolboy, he brought his parents anything but joy. An initial period of private tuition until 1863 was followed by a chequered school career. Young Emil completely rejected all aspects of school work.

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At the age of 17, he started work as a civil servant with the Rot-Kostelec North-Western Railway Company in Bhmen but had to leave again only two years later. Emil Jellinek then moved to France and from there, at the request of the AustroHungarian Consul, he went to Tangiers. A year later, he went to Tetuan as a Consular Agent, married a Frenchwoman and built up a successful business trading North African products. In 1881, Jellinek returned to Vienna to take over the agency for an insurance company. He was eventually appointed inspector yet something drew him back to North Africa. His two sons, Adolph and Fernand, were born in Algiers. Emil Jellinek moved back to Vienna with his family in 1889.

A car that was supposed to change the world What is considered Maybach's most outstanding design was created after Daimler's death in 1900. The first Mercedes caused a sensation at the Week of Nice racing event in March 1901. The vehicle stood head and shoulders above anything previously conceived of or built at Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft and it drew a line under the carriage era in automotive engineering. Despite the great success of the Mercedes cars in the years that followed, Maybach was the repeated victim of scheming behind his back. He was replaced as Chief Design Engineer and his activities were reduced to the level of an "Inventors' Office". His acrimonious departure from DMG followed in 1907. When the Zeppelin LZ 4 airship was destroyed in a storm in Echterdingen on 5 August 1908, Maybach offered to build Count Zeppelin a new improved airship engine. The resulting negotiations led to the creation of Luftfahrzeug-Motorenbau GmbH in Bissingen on 23 March 1909. Wilhelm Maybach's son, Karl, who also designed the new engine, became Technical Manager. In 1912, the company (renamed Luftfahrzeug-Motoren GmbH) moved to Friedrichshafen. Father and son each had a 20% stake in the company although Wilhelm Maybach placed the future of the business firmly in the hands of his son. After 1922, luxury cars were also produced in Friedrichshafen. The crowning achievement of the product range was the 1929 Maybach 12 DS, the first automobile with a V12 engine and, along with its successor the Zeppelin, seen as the German answer to the Rolls -Royce. Wilhelm Maybach died on 29 December 1929.

Daimler's congenial companion Wilhelm Maybach was born on 9 February 1846 in Heilbronn, where he grew up as one of six children. By the age of ten he had been made an orphan. He attended school at the Reutlinger Bruderhaus, where Gustav Werner, the founder and director of the school, spotted and nurtured the boy's technical talents. In 1865, Maybach also met Gottlieb Daimler in Reutlingen and they became congenial companions. Maybach remained a very close friend right up until Daimler's death in 1900. In September 1869, he worked in Karlsruhe with Daimler and later moved to the Deutz engine works. There he began work on designs for a light, high-speed combustion engine suitable for use in water, land-based and airborne vehicles. Daimler left Deutz Gasmotorenfabrik in mid-1882 following differences with the Management Board. In October 1882, Wilhelm Maybach followed him to Cannstatt to implement his designs for a light, high-speed combustion engine. During extensive research work, Maybach unearthed a patent belonging to an Englishman named Watson. It described an unregulated hot-tube ignition system an essential element in generating high engine speeds. In 1883, he developed the first horizontal engine, followed by the Grandfather Clock, an engine with a vertically fixed cylinder, which was particularly suited to installation in vehicles. In 1885, the new engine was installed first in a wooden "riding car" and subsequently, a year later, in a carriage. But Maybach was not content with merely producing engines for carriages. Maybach subsequently developed the steel-wheel car. This vehicle saw the introduction of the gear drive to automotive engineering. Presented to the public for the first time at the 1889 Paris World Exhibition, Maybach's steel-wheel car also precipitated the birth of the French automotive industry. When Gottlieb Daimler founded Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft (DMG) with Max Duttenhofer and Wilhelm Lorenz in November 1890, Maybach was appointed Chief Design Engineer. He left the company in February 1891, however, citing unacceptable terms of contract. For the next 18 months, Maybach continues his design work at home. In the autumn of 1892, with the financial backing of Daimler, he begins development work in Hotel Hermann in Cannstatt. This yields such important designs as the spray-nozzle carburettor, the Phoenix engine and improvements to elements of the belt-drive system. At the request of English industrialist Frederick Simms, Maybach is reinstalled as Technical

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Director at DMG in November 1895. There he develops the tubular radiator with fan and later the honeycomb radiator. The "Roi des Constructeurs" (King of Designers), as the French call him, goes from one technical achievement to another, creating the first fourcylinder automobile engine and in 1898/99 a whole generation of engines comprising five models and producing between 6 hp (4 kW) and 23 hp (17 kW).

Breakthrough Gottlieb Daimler had long been suffering from a heart condition. In winter 1892/93 he fell ill again and was sent to Florence in the spring to recuperate. Here he was reunited with Lina Hartmann, who he had previously met through friends in Cannstatt. His first wife, Emma, had died on 28 July 1889 and the urbane Lina Hartmann, 22 years his junior, made such an impression on him that he decided to marry her. The wedding took place on 8 July 1893 in Schwbisch Hall. Daimler's deteriorating heart condition started to have a detrimental effect on his handling of DMG. In 1893, he rejected an offer to acquire shares of DMG which would have guaranteed him a majority holding. This may well be due to doubts he had in the future prospects of the company. The growing tension between Daimler on the one side and Lorenz and Duttenhofer on the other eventually led to them effectively excluding Daimler as a shareholder after demanding the settlement of debts run up by DMG to the tune of 400,000 marks. They threatened Daimler with bankruptcy if he failed to do this and gave him only one other option: to sell them his stake in the company and the rights to his inventions at a price of 66,666 marks. In order to avert bankruptcy, Daimler reluctantly agreed. However, getting rid of Daimler did not bring the company any more luck. Technical progress evaporated as the balance sheets began to make increasingly depressing reading. Maybach turned down an offer Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft made to him in 1895, saying that he would not return without Daimler. It is unlikely that Duttenhofer would have agreed to this demand had a new set of circumstances not forced a change of heart. Thanks to the success of the Maybach-designed Phoenix engine, Daimler engines had gained international recognition. A group of British industrialists were looking to acquire the license rights to this engine for Britain. They were prepared to pay a stunning 350,000 marks but only on the condition that Daimler returned to the company. The return of Daimler and Maybach brought about an unexpected reversal of fortune. Daimler's stake in the company was returned to him. His position on the Supervisory Board was one of expert advisor and general inspector. Maybach was appointed Technical Director of Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft on 8 November 1895 and also received shares. For Maybach, the main priority was to rebuild the competitiveness of DMG based on technical progress and reliable products. An important basis was provided by the designs developed in the Hotel Hermann. Gottlieb Daimler died five years later on 6 March 1900.

Progress The next test vehicle after the motor carriage was a boat. Patent specification DRP 39367 refers to a "fitting designed to operate the propeller shaft of a ship using a gas or petroleum drive machine". In June 1887, Daimler moved to new production facilities in Seelberg (Cannstatt). Gottlieb Daimler employed 23 carefully selected workers. A workforce of this size was, of course, far too large for a purely testing operation and costs exhausted a large slice of Daimler's personal fortune even though the successful boat engine business generated good profits. The tight economic situation forced Daimler to seek partners. This resulted in the arrival of Max Duttenhofer, Managing Director of the Kln-Rottweil powder factory, and a friend of his, Wilhelm Lorenz. On 28 November 1890, a public limited company was founded under the name Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft. The company's aim was to continue the activities carried out in Seelberg. Under the terms of the consortium agreement, Maybach was to be appointed Technical Director of Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft. However, the terms of contract were unacceptable to an expert of Maybach's status. This resulted in

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Maybach leaving the company on 11 February 1891. Product-related issues were at the centre of the disagreement that developed between Duttenhofer and Daimler. When it became clear that the impasse could not be resolved, Daimler resorted to more cunning methods. The development side of the business was to continue independently of Daimler -Motoren-Gesellschaft and with the participation of Maybach. In this way Daimler killed two birds with one stone. He would have been forced to pay Maybach a considerable sum had his contract been terminated. For the second time, Maybach's home had to be put forward as a design office. In the autumn of 1892, Maybach rented the garden hall of what was formerly the Hotel Hermann on Daimler's behalf. The patents for the designs produced here were registered in Maybach's name as a cover. Daimler merely looked after the financial side of the venture, Maybach enjoying a free reign as far as design was concerned. Among Maybach's most significant inventions during this period was the spray-nozzle carburettor. DMG found economic success hard to come by following Maybach's departure. It is significant that Daimler and Maybach's inventions were first used commercially abroad and in France in particular. The automobile pioneers Panhard and Levassor acquired the license rights in 1889 and, from 1890, installed only Maybach-developed two-cylinder Vtype engines in their vehicles.

The drive of success In 1882, Daimler purchased a villa in Taubenheimstrasse in the Cannstatt district of Stuttgart for 75,000 gold marks. The expansive garden contained a greenhouse, to which he added a brick extension to house an experimental workshop. Daimler's basic plan was to create gasoline-only engines and use them to power every conceivable type of vehicle on land, on water and in the air. He naturally returned to Otto's four-stroke technology as the basis for his engines. However, the complex ignition mechanism of the engine did not allow for high engine speeds. After intensive testing, Daimler was granted a patent for an uncooled, heat-insulated engine with unregulated hot-tube ignition. Patent specification DRP 28022 was a masterpiece in terms of wording as, strictly speaking, it mirrored Otto's four-stroke principle. This sparked a bitter struggle in the patents court involving the Deutz company after Daimler refused free rights to use the unregulated hot-tube ignition system. However, the High Court upheld Daimler's claim after he made a personal appearance at the hearing. At the end of 1883, the first test engine was put into operation. It had been cast in the Kurtz bell-foundry and was listed in their records as a "small model engine". Thanks to hot -tube ignition and using an exhaust valve regulated by curved groove control, the engine reached 600 rpm. This comfortably outstripped the performance of all previous engines, the speeds of which were limited to a maximum 120-180 rpm. The next test engine is known as the Grandfather Clock Engine on account of its appearance. The output of the first 1884 version is 1 hp (0.8 kW) at 600 rpm. This design, which focuses on a light, compact construction, paves the way for Daimler and Maybach to install an engine in a motor vehicle. A wooden-framed motorcycle, often described as a "riding bike" or "riding car", is used as the first test object. The singlecylinder engine, essentially a more compact version of the Grandfather Clock, is built into the vehicle under the drivers seat. On 28 August 1885, Daimler is awarded Patent Specification DRP 36423 for this "vehicle with gas or petroleum drive machine". By the spring of 1886, Daimler had already ordered a vehicle, described as an "American" carriage, from the Stuttgart-based company W. Wimpff & Sohn. Manufactured in Hamburg and assembled in Stuttgart, the vehicle was delivered on 28 August and secretly taken to Daimlers residence, apparently as a birthday present for Daimlers wife, Emma. The engine, which was fitted (including drawbar steering) under the direction of Maybach in the Maschinenfabrik Esslingen mechanical engineering plant, generated 1.5 hp (1 kW) and was built according to the Grandfather Clock template. The engines power was transmitted by belts. This Daimler "motorised carriage" was the worlds first four-wheeled automobile.

The early years Gottlieb Daimler was born in Schorndorf on 17 March 1834. In addition to his studies at the grammar school in Schorndorf, he also attended drawing classes on Sundays. In 1848

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Gottlieb Daimler began an apprenticeship as a gunsmith in Schorndorf. He finished his apprenticeship in 1852, presenting the required journeyman's piece he had created, a double-barrelled pistol. After a stay in France, where Daimler acquired practical experience in mechanical engineering, he attended the Polytechnical School in Stuttgart from 1857 to 1859. After working in diverse technical jobs in France and England he began to work as a technical draughtsman in the town of Geislingen in 1862. At the end of 1863 he became workshop at a factory of the Bruderhaus orphanage and school in the city of Reutlingen. Here he met Wilhelm Maybach in 1865. On November 9, 1867 he married Emma Kurtz from Maulbronn. In 1869 he left Reutlingen to take up employ as workshop director at the Maschinenbau-Gesellschaft Karlsruhe. Three years later he changed to Otto und Langen as technical director of the Deutz Gasmotorenfabrik, where he became acquainted with the principle of the Otto fourstroke engine. After differences with the company management, he left the Gasmotorenfabrik in mid-1882.

The first woman at the wheel It was the plucky Bertha Benz herself who took hold of the steering lever of the Patent Motor Car. She reasoned that the only way to convince the general public of the everyday practicality of the motor car was to prove it to them in practice. In the early hours of the morning and without the knowledge of her husband, in August 1888 Bertha Benz set off in Karls three-wheeler with the couples two sons, Eugen and Richard, on the journey from Mannheim to Pforzheim. As darkness fell, the intrepid trio arrived safely at their destination. They then sent Karl a telegram to tell him that they had successfully completed the first long-distance journey in his motor car. News of this sensational event spread like wildfire. Two boys and a woman in a hissing, snarling horseless carriage? It had to be the work of the devil. Yet Bertha Benz had achieved what she had set out to do. The critics were at least won over by the reliability of the Benz Patent Motor Car. Without the courage and commitment of Bertha Benz, the road to automobile success would have been significantly more rocky. Karl Benz later wrote in his memoirs, "Only one person stood by me during those times when I was heading towards the abyss. That was my wife. It was her courage that enabled me to find new hope." She passed away on 5 May 1944, two days after celebrating her 95th birthday, in Ladenburg in the state of Baden, where the family finally settled.

His inspiration: her courage and confidence Although his work suffered frequent setbacks, Karl Benz was given strength by Berthas unshakeable belief in her husband and his invention. On 29 January 1886, he applied for a patent for his three-wheeled "vehicle with gas engine". The success of the company, which shaped the future of personal mobility, can largely be attributed to Bertha Benz. Patent DRP 37435 is recognized today as the birth certificate of the automobile. Karl Benz went on to build further, improved versions of his Patent Motor Car. Yet despite a generally enthusiastic reception from the public, the commercial success he craved remained elusive. Once again he became racked with self-doubt and once again it was his wife who found a way out. She recognised that the general public remained suspicious of the practicality and reliability of this driving machine, which some people saw as powered by "mysterious forces". Thats why Bertha Benz set off on a publicity drive without further ado.

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Bertha Benz more than just the better half History is punctuated by the efforts of women who have made significant contributions to the lives of their famous husbands. One such figure is undoubtedly Bertha Benz, the resolute companion of Karl Benz. She was born Bertha Ringer on 3 May 1849 in Pforzheim and married Karl Benz on 20 July 1872 at the age of 23. Without her strong will and unshakeable belief in the success of her husband, the Benz & Cie. company may never have existed. Bertha Benz was always supportive of her husband, encouraging him to keep going when the brilliant inventor and design engineer suffered serious technical setbacks and increasing self-doubt about the direction his work was taking. Her unflinching optimism and ability to find the best solution to difficult situations constantly saw her re-emerge from lifes troughs. Even during her engagement to Karl Benz, Bertha made a spontaneous and selfless decision that would prove essential to her husband-to-be. When it emerged that Karl Benz had been manoeuvred into a virtually irrevocable financial situation by a business partner, August Ritter, Bertha Benz offered her dowry to him in advance. Although not a huge amount of money, it was enough to buy out the partner and secure all future decisionmaking powers for Karl Benz.

Mercedes-Benz is most successful brand since the introduction of AutoMarxX, capturing first place a total of 12 times Mercedes-Benz has regained the top position in the AutomarxX brand ranking of ADAC, the worlds second largest automobile club, making it Germanys best automotive brand. Mercedes-Benz is the most successful automotive brand since AutomarxX was introduced in 2001, capturing first place a total of 12 times and beating its competitors in more than half of all the rankings. The ADAC study assesses the automotive brands sold in Germany in the categories of Product Strength/Vehicle Quality, Safety, Customer Satisfaction, Environment, Brand Image, and Market Strength. The results reflect the current capabilities of all automakers that are of relevance in Germany. A winner is ascertained for each category, on the basis of which the overall winner is then determined. Pioneer for active and passive safety systems Its a great honor to take first place in the ADAC AutomarxX ranking, and were very happy about it, says Dr. Joachim Schmidt, Executive Vice President Sales and Marketing, Mercedes-Benz Cars. That we ranked at the top shows how successful and desirable the Mercedes-Benz brand is. At the same time, the result confirms us in our efforts to deliver our customers the very best in all areas each and every day. For us, this includes remaining the pioneer for active and passive safety systems, for which AutomarxX gives Mercedes-Benz the best marks this year. The main factors assessed in the Safety category are the availability of active and passive safety systems and the degree to which vehicles are fitted with these systems as standard

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without any surcharge. Mercedes-Benz took first place in this category. The Product Strength/Vehicle Quality category incorporates the results of 500 recent vehicle tests, includes those of external safety organizations such as the TV and DEKRA reports and of the ADAC breakdown statistics. Mercedes-Benz also did outstandingly well in this category. Maximum quality and the best-possible safety standards In the Brand Image category, the individuals surveyed were primarily interested in maximum quality and the best-possible safety standards. Not only did Mercedes-Benz take first place in both of these areas, the people surveyed also ranked the brand at the top with regard to automotive research and development. Mercedes-Benz improved its position in two other categories, which evaluated Customer Satisfaction and Market Strength. Since 2001, the ADAC AutomarxX study has been assessing the reputation and market strength of automakers that are of relevance in Germany. To date, the study has been published 23 times, with Mercedes-Benz taking the top spot on 12 occasions. The AutomarxX results are based on numerous studies and interviews. For example, the evaluation for the Brand Strength category incorporates the results of the ADAC Motorwelt image survey of 4,000 German citizens as well as an assessment of vehicle residual values

The establishment of an idea On 24 January 1903, Karl Benz announced his retirement from active work within the company and took a seat on the Supervisory Board. Benz left the company in response to the Managements decision to employ a group of French designers at the Mannheim plant with the aim of facing up to competition from Mercedes. This led to internal wrangling and, ultimately, Benzs departure. His sons, Eugen and Richard, also left with him, though Richard returned to Mannheim in 1904 as Production Manager for passenger cars. By the end of the year, sales of Benz motor cars had reached 3480. In 1906, Karl Benz founded the company "Karl Benz Shne" in Ladenburg, which was jointly owned by himself and his son, Eugen. Having failed in their attempts to manufacture naturally aspirated gas engines, they directed their attention to vehicle construction. Approximately 350 "Karl Benz Shne" vehicles were produced during the first quarter of the 20th century. In the meantime, the Benz family had relocated to Ladenburg. In 1912, Karl Benz left the company as a partner, leaving his sons Eugen and Richard to run the business alone. The company expanded further and branched out into other markets, for example into England where "Carl Benz Shne" vehicles were often employed as taxis and where their reliability earned them great popularity. The last vehicle was built in 1923. Two 8/25 hp vehicles were assembled a year later, which Karl Benz kept for his own business and personal use and which have been preserved right up to the present day. Gottlieb Daimler died in 1900 and did not witness the outstanding success of his invention. Karl Benz, on the other hand, was able to follow the motorisation boom and the ultimate breakthrough of his inspiration. He died on 4 April 1929 in his house in Ladenburg. Today this house is used by the "Karl Benz and Gottlieb Daimler Foundation" as their headquarters and as a location for a range of events.

Breakthrough Benz & Co. achieved a breakthrough in sales terms with the "Velo". A light, low-priced vehicle, about 1200 models were built during the period 1894 to 1901. It is considered by many to be the first production vehicle. By the end of the 19th century, Benz & Co. had grown into the worlds leading automotive manufacturer.It was converted into a public

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limited company in 1899 and continued on as Benz & Cie. Alongside Karl Benz on the Board of Management, Julius Gan became Commercial Director. Between 1890 and 1899, the vehicle construction workforce expanded from 50 to 430. 572 vehicles were built at Benz in 1899.

In pursuit of success In the same year Benz obtained financial support from the two businessmen Max Rose and Friedrich Wilhelm Esslinger, who founded Benz & Co. Rheinische Gasmotoren-Fabrik together with Benz in October 1883. The number of company employees grew rapidly to 25 and licences for building gas engines were issued. Benz could now focus all his energy on car engine development. Financially secure, he began with the design of an all-encompassing vehicle in which to integrate his four-stroke petrol engine. His competitor Daimler on the other hand integrated his first engine in a carriage. In 1886, Karl Benz was granted a patent for his vehicle and presented the first "Benz Patent-Motorwagen" (Benz Patent Motor Car) to the public.Three versions of the threewheeled vehicle were produced between 1885 and 1887: model no. 1 was presented by Benz to the German Museum in 1906; model no. 2 is assumed to have been modified and reconstructed several times; and model no. 3, which featured wooden-spoke wheels, was driven by Bertha Benz on the first long-distance automobile trip in 1888.Growing demand for stationary engines enabled Benz & Co. Rheinische Gasmotoren-Fabrik to move to a larger production facility. Following the arrival of new partners, Friedrich von Fischer and Julius Gan, in 1890, the Rheinische Gasmotoren-Fabrik advanced to the status of second-largest engine manufacturer in Germany. In 1893, Karl Benz introduced axle-pivot steering to the automotive industry. He also developed the "contra" engine, the forerunner to todays boxer engine, in 1896.

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All beginnings are difficult In 1871 Karl Benz joined forces with "mechanician" August Ritter to found his first company in Mannheim. When Ritter emerged as an unreliable partner, Karl Benz paid him off using the dowry of his wife-to-be, Bertha Ringer, before the two of them were married, and ran the company alone. Bertha Benz was to play a key role in the subsequent success of his new company. She was the first person to drive an automobile over a long distance and is therefore the first female motorist in history. Karl and Bertha Benz had five children. Business was not good for Karl Benz in the early days. In his "Iron Foundry and Mechanical Workshop" (later renamed "Factory for Sheet-Metal Working Machines"), things got so bad that tools were impounded. In search of a new source of revenue, Karl Benz focused his attention on two-stroke engines. Following a two-year development period, the first engine operated satisfactorily in 1879. Since the patent for a four-stroke engine had already been issued to Deutz Gasmotorenfabrik in 1877, Benzs engine was based on a two-stroke cycle. In developing his two-stroke engine, Benz also obtained a number of fundamental patents, e.g. engine speed control. He employed his new battery ignition system to start his vehicles. Aided by new financial backers and partners and the support of banks, Karl and Bertha Benz converted the company into a public limited company, renaming it "GasmotorenFabrik Mannheim AG". Karl Benzs share in the company amounted to a mere 5%. When his partners attempted to exert influence on his designs, Benz left the fledgling company in 1883.

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Karl Benzs work On 25 November 1844 Karl Benz was born as the son of a locomotive driver in Karlsruhe. His father died only two years after his birth. Despite limited financial resources his mother made sure that he received a good education. Benz attended grammar school and later the Polytechnic University in Karlsruhe. He then completed a two-year period of practical training at the mechanical engineering company Maschinenbau-Gesellschaft in Karlsruhe. His employment began as a draughtsman and designer at a weighing machine factory in Mannheim. He lost his position in 1868 and joined a construction company specialising in bridge-building. After this he went to Vienna for a brief period to work for an iron construction company.

On every surface In June 1926, the two oldest motor manufacturers DMG and Benz & Cie. (formerly Benz & Co.) merged to form Daimler-Benz AG. A new brand logo was born, which incorporated the key elements of previous emblems: the three-pointed star.The period after the First World War was heavily affected by inflation and poor sales figures especially for luxury goods such as passenger cars and weighed heavily on the German car industry. Only strong brands produced by financially established companies were able to survive, but were often forced into mergers or partnerships. Competitors for many years, DMG and Benz & Cie. entered into a joint venture as early as 1924 in order to remain competitive through standardised design and manufacturing, purchasing, sales and advertising.During this period the two companies frequently engaged in joint advertising using separate trademarks. Two years later, in June 1926, the two oldest motor manufacturers then merged to form Daimler-Benz AG.A new brand logo encompassing the key elements of previous elements was created: the world-famous three-pointed star of the DaimlerMotoren-Gesellschaft was surrounded with the "Mercedes" word mark and the equally acclaimed "Benz" brand name with a laurel wreath encircling both words.To this day, this trademark, which has scarcely been modified over the decades, continues to grace Mercedes-Benz vehicles. The three-pointed star has become a universal symbol for quality and safety and the Mercedes-Benz name is associated with tradition and innovation, with the future of the motor car throughout the world.

Origins DMG has used the successful, patent-protected, brand name "Mercedes" since September 1902. But there was still no characteristic trademark. Gottlieb Daimler's sons, Paul and Adolf, recalled that their father had previously used a three-pointed star as a symbol. Gottlieb Daimler was the Technical Director of Deutz Gasmotorenfabrik from 1872 to 1881. At the beginning of his period of employment, he had marked his house on a picture of Cologne and Deutz with a three-pointed star. He predicted to his wife that this star would one day rise gloriously above his production plant. The DMG Board of Management seized on this prediction and in June 1909 registered both a three-pointed and four-pointed star as trademarks. Both logos were legally protected but it was the three-pointed star that was ultimately used. A three-dimensional star featured on the front radiator of vehicles from 1910 onwards. The three-pointed star was also intended as a symbol for Daimler's principle of universal

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motorisation "on the ground, on water and in the air". Over the years it underwent a number of design amendments. In 1916 for example a circle was placed around the star, in which four small stars and the word Mercedes or the name of the DMG plants Untertrkheim and Berlin-Marienfelde were inserted. In November 1921, DMG applied for protection of utility patents for new variants of its brand logo and registered a three-dimensional three-pointed star enclosed in a circle at the patent office including a design for the radiator grille.

The magic moments of a legend In early April 1900, DMG and Jellinek concluded an agreement concerning the sale and distribution of Daimler cars and engines. When the decision was taken to develop a new engine bearing the name "Daimler-Mercedes", Jellinek's pseudonym also became a product name. On 22 December 1900, the Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft delivered to Jellinek the first car equipped with a new engine a 35 hp (25 kW) racing car. The vehicle was far above and beyond the vehicles previously designed and built by DMG and ended the "coach" era in automotive construction. Developed by Wilhelm Maybach, Chief Design Engineer at DMG, this first "Mercedes" caused a sensation at the beginning of the last century. With its low centre of gravity, a compressed-steel frame, the light and powerful engine and the honeycomb radiator, it introduced many innovations and is seen today as the first automobile of its generation.

DMG-The early years The Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft (DMG) was officially established in 1890 following its notary certification in Stuttgart. It confirmed the approval for Daimler-related inventions. On 14 March Gottlieb Daimler, Max Duttenhofer and Wilhelm Lorenz had concluded a preliminary agreement. In October 1894 Gottlieb Daimler temporarily left the DMG and officially relinquished his stake in the company. Together with Wilhelm Maybach he devoted himself to further developing the car in the decommissioned garden hall of Hotel Hermann in Cannstatt. The first truck in the world was built in 1896 by DMG. The vehicle was delivered to the UK. In 1900, DMG and Jellinek concluded an agreement in Nice concerning the sale and distribution of Daimler cars and engines. It was also agreed that "a new type of engine would be developed and that it was to bear the name Daimler-Mercedes". Jellinek's pseudonym "Mercedes" which he chose because it was his daughter's name, thus became a brand name for the first time. That same month, in April, Jellinek ordered 36 vehicles from Cannstatt for a total price of 550,000 gold marks. In 1902 the Motorfahrzeug- und Motorenfabrik Berlin AG in Marienfelde was taken over by DMG, a significant merger for that time. In Untertrkheim (Stuttgart) new production facilities were created in 1903 and the company's head office was moved from Cannstatt to Untertrkheim. In 1907 Chief Design Engineer Wilhelm Maybach left Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft. His successor as head of the design office and technical direction was Paul Daimler. After the war both DMG and Benz & Cie. were affected by the economic crisis. Diversification was necessary and as a result typewriters were produced in Untertrkheim along with cars. In an extraordinary meeting of shareholders in 1922 the Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft decided to move the head office from Untertrkheim to Berlin for tax reasons. The difficult economic situation and a large number of car manufacturers on the market made partnerships a necessity. In 1924 the companies of Daimler and Benz were already working together in a joint venture which offered cars under the name of "MercedesBenz". In 1923 Ferdinand Porsche took over as head of the DMG design office from Paul Daimler. In 1924 Benz & Cie. and Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft merged to become a joint venture.

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Their shared sales activities for the brands "Mercedes and "Benz were taken on by the newly established Mercedes-Benz Automobil GmbH.

Benz& Cie.The first steps Together with businessman Max Rose and trade representative Friedrich Wilhelm Esslinger Karl Benz founded the Benz & Co. Rheinische Gasmotoren-Fabrik (called Benz & Cie. after 1899) as a public incorporated corporation. The number of company employees grew rapidly to 25 and licences for building gas engines were issued. Financially secure, Benz could now focus all his energy on car engine development. To do so he began with the design of an all-encompassing vehicle in which to integrate his four-stroke petrol engine. His competitor Daimler on the other hand integrated his first engine in a carriage. In 1886, Karl Benz was granted a patent for his vehicle and presented the first "Benz Patent-Motorwagen" (Benz Patent Motor Car) to the public. Three versions of the three-wheeled vehicle were produced between 1885 and 1887: model no. 1 was presented by Benz to the German Museum in 1906; model no. 2 is assumed to have been modified and reconstructed several times; and model no. 3, which featured wooden-spoke wheels, was driven by Bertha Benz on the first long-distance automobile trip in 1888. Growing demand for stationary engines enabled Benz & Co. Rheinische GasmotorenFabrik to move to a larger production facility. Following the arrival of new partners, Friedrich von Fischer and Julius Gan, in 1890, the Rheinische Gasmotoren-Fabrik advanced to the status of second-largest engine manufacturer in Germany. In 1893, Karl Benz introduced axle-pivot steering to the automotive industry. He also developed the "contra" engine, the forerunner to today's boxer engine, in 1896. .

Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz, makers of the motorcar When Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz invented the high-speed engine and the automobile independently of each other in the 1880s, they laid the foundations for motorised private transport. With the help of financial backers and partners, both engineers carried out private development work at their own companies. Benz founded Benz & Co. Rheinische Gasmotoren-Fabrik in Mannheim in October 1883; the Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft (DMG) was founded in Cannstatt in November 1890. Both companies wanted to come up with a memorable trademark to make their products both distinctive and familiar. Initially they opted for their own names Benz and Daimler to represent the origins and quality of their engines and vehicles. The Benz & Cie. trademark did not change (though the gearwheel used in 1903 was replaced by a laurel wreath encircling the Benz name from 1909). However, the products of DMG appeared under the new brand name Mercedes at the turn of the century.

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