Experiment 3

Calibration of Venturimeter
Objective : 1) Calibrate the given Venturimeter which is a flow meter. 2) Obtain an appreciation of how this meter works.

Equipment Required : Supply pipe connected with flow meter, a manometer to measure the pressure difference across the inlet and throat of Venturimeter & a collecting tank with stop watch to measure the actual rate of flow.

Principles : The Venturimeter is a device used to measure the discharge of pipe flow. In these meters flow rate is calculated by measuring pressure drop between the inlet and throat. Inside Venturimeter the fluid is accelerated through a converging cone of angle up to 200. The pressure difference between upstream side of cone & throat is measured by using a differential manometer The expression of discharge through such a flow meter can be theoretically obtained by using the continuity & Bernoullis equation. For discharge through a pipe with the above equation is

Q
Where ,

Let Area A2 be throat area & A1 be pipe area

Qth

Now Bernoullis Equation is :-

Since, z1 = z2, for horizontal Venturimeter. V2

( )

Density of Manometer liquid (kg/m3). Density of flowing liquid (kg/m3).

Procedure : 1) Ensure that control valve is adjusted to its max. position. 2) Ensure that sufficient quantity of water is there in sump tank. 3) Ensure that pump discharge pipe is properly connected with coupler provided to Venturimeter. 4) Switch on the electric power supply of electric board. 5) Control flow by flow control valve to maintain different values of differential head in the manometer. 6) Remove air bubbles in any of the limbs of Manometer. 7) Now close drain valve of measuring tank. Note down readings. 8) Calculate result as per calculation Procedure.

Observation Table: -

Sr.No.

Head (h1) in (mm of Hg.)

Head (h2) in (mm of Hg.)

Hm in mm of Hg. Diff. of h1&h2(mm)

Time Reqd. (sec) t sec

Height Rise. in meas. Tank,H(mm)

1 2 3

Specifications : Inlet diameter = d1 = 26 mm Throat diameter = d2 = 16 mm Area of tank = as per actual measurement

Calculations : -

1) Height rise equivalent to water : -

2) Theoritical Discharge (Qth) :

3) Actual Discharge (Qact) : 4) Coefficient of Discharge (d) : -

Result: Sr.No. Diff.in manometer Readings(hm) (m)

Q act (m3/s)

Q th (m3/s)

Cd= Q act / Q th

1 2 3

Conclusion : The value of coefficient of discharge of Venturimeter has been verified, it lies in the range ---to ------- & variation is due to various experimental limitations.

(Draw the figure of experimental set up based on your observation. Add one complete set of sample calculations. All readings taken must appear in the observation table. Write conclusions in your own words)