AERO2247 SOLID MECHANICS & MATERIALS 1 Home Quiz 1: Engineering Materials

This assignment is due by 4:00pm on Friday 2 September. No late submission will be accepted unless an application for extension (in writing and on the approved form) has been lodged and approved before submission is due.

TOPIC 1: INTRODUCTION TO MATERIALS

The questions in this topic are designed to start you thinking about engineering materials. The questions may seem difficult because you are still being introduced to the topic of engineering materials, however they are intended to challenge your thinking about materials.

Question 1.
Explain what is meant by materials science Explain in less than 150 words.

Question 2.
You would like to design a racing bicycle frame for Cadel Evans, the winner of the 2011 Tour de France, for the race next year. What types of material properties would you recommend? What materials might be appropriate? Explain in less than 200 words.

TOPIC 2: MATERIAL PROPERTIES

The questions in this topic are designed to test your knowledge and develop your expertise in calculating the mechanical properties of engineering materials.

Question 3
a) Figure 1 shows two stress-strain curves for two different materials. Calculate the Youngs modulus for each material using the curves. b) What is the ultimate tensile strength for both materials? c) For each material calculate the total amount of strain at fracture. How much of this is recoverable strain? Explain your answer. d) For material (b) explain what happens when the material is loaded past the ultimate tensile strength e) Explain why the fracture stress is less than the ultimate tensile strength.
Tensile Stress (MPa) (b) 300 (a)

200

100

10 Strain (%)

15

Figure 1: Stress-strain curves for two types of engineering materials

Question 4
Imagine you have conducted a tensile test on a metal sample intended to be used in an automobile chassis. From the test you obtained the data provided in the table below. From this data plot the engineering stress-strain curve and then calculate the following properties of the material: (a) elastic modulus

(b) yield strength at 0.2% offset (c) percent elongation (d) percent reduction in area (e) ultimate tensile strength Tensile Force (N) 0 2270 4540 5448 5902 6356 6311 6810 8172 9080 11804 17706 (maximum) 14528 (fracture) Extension (mm) 0 0.042 0.086 0.108 0.119 0.132 0.165 0.2001 0.300 0.396 1.1422 11.99 20.83 (after fracture)

Assume that the material has the following dimensions: - original diameter = 12.8 mm - diameter at maximum load = 11.5 mm - diameter at fracture = 7.21 mm - original length = 100 mm

Question 5
A steel cable with a diameter of 25 mm and 50 meters long is to lift a 20 ton (20,000 kg) load. What is the length of the cable during lifting? (Assume the Youngs modulus of steel is 210 GPa).

Question 6
The following data were collected from a 12-mm diameter test piece of magnesium with an original length (lo) = 30.00 mm. Tensile Force (N) 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 26500 27000 26500 25000 Extension (mm) 0.0000 0.0296 0.0592 0.0888 0.15 0.51 0.90 1.50 (maximum load) 2.10 2.79 (fracture)

After fracture, the total length was 32.61 mm and the diameter was 11.74 mm. Plot the data and calculate: (a) the 0.2% offset yield strength (b) the tensile strength (c) the Youngs modulus (d) the % elongation (e) the % reduction in area (f) the engineering stress at fracture (g) the true stress at fracture.

Question 7
The following three data points are provided for a titanium alloy for a biomedical hip joint: = 0.002778 (at = 300 MPa) = 0.005556 (at = 600 MPa) = 0.009897 (at = 900 MPa) Calculate the Youngs modulus (E) for this alloy.

TOPIC 3: STRENGTHENING MECHANISMS OF METALS

The questions in this topic are designed to test your knowledge and develop your expertise in the strengthening mechanisms of metals and alloys.

Question 8
The strength of titanium alloy is found to be 450 MPa when the grain size is 17 x 10-6 m and 565 MPa when the grain size is 0.8 x 10-6 m. Determine: (a) the constants in the Hall-Petch equation and (b) the strength of the titanium alloy when the grain size is reduced to 0.2 x 10-6 m.

Question 9
Answer the following questions with Increase, Decrease or Not changed significantly: Cold-working (or strain hardening) a metal causes: (a) its yield strength to__________? (b) its ductility to __________? (c) the concentration of dislocations in it to_________? (d) its elastic modulus to _____________? (e) the size of grains to _____________?

Question 10
Explain the difference between a single crystal material and a polycrystalline material. Explain in less than 100 words.