Solid State Q 1 What are the stoichiometric defects found in ionic crystals? Q 2 Write two examples of amorphous solids.

Q 3 Name two metals which have cubic close packed structure. Q 4 Name the type of solids which are malleable, ductile and electrical conductors. Q 5 How many atoms are present in the unit cell of bcc and fcc? Q 6 Sometimes, crystals of common salt (NaCl) are yellow instead of being pure white. Why? Q 7 What are voids? Q 8 Fe3O4 is ferrimagnetic at room temperature. What happens to its magnetic properties when it is heated to 850 K? Q 9 Name the point defect which lowers the density of a crystal. Q 10 Write the unit in which the magnitude of magnetic moment is measured. Q 11 What do you mean by F-center? Q 12 Name the type of solids which have long range orders. Q 13 Name one solid which has both Frenkel and Schottky defects? Q 14 Why is the window glass of the old building thick at the bottom? Q 15 What causes the conduction of electricity by semiconductors? Q 16 Name the salt which can be added to AgClso as to produce cationic vacancies. Q 17 What is a diode? Q 18 Name a transition metal oxide which has appreance and conductivity like that of Cu? Q 19 What is the co-ordination number of an atom present in octahedral void? Q 20 Write one property which is caused due to the presence of F-center in a solid. Q 21Draw body centred and face centred cubic unit cells.

Q 22 Define: (i) Crystal lattice (ii) Packing efficiency Q 23 Explain the following with suitable example: (i) Non-polar molecular solids (ii) Metallic solids Q 24 What is rank? Find rank of face centered cubic unit cell. Q 25 What is doping? How are n- type and p- type semiconductors formed? Q 26 Explain the following with one example each: (i)Ferrimagnetism (ii)Antiferromagnetic substances Q 27 Write two differences between isotropy and anisotropy. Q 28 Potassium metal crystallizes in bcc. The edge length of unit cell is 4.3 A0. The radius of potassium atom is Q 29 A solid is made of two elements A and B. Atoms of element A ocupy all the tetrahedral sites while atoms of element B are in ccparrangement.From this data find the formula of the compound. Q 30 The edge length of unit cell of NaCl crystal lattice is 5.6A0. The density of NaCl is 2.2g cm3. The number of formula units of NaCl per unit cell is Q 31 The number of NaCl molecules in a unit cell of its crystal is Q 32 A compound is made of two atoms X and Y. Atom X is arranged in ccp and atom Y occupies tetrahedral site. Find the formula of compound. Q 33 The unit cell of metallic silver is face-centred cubic. The mass of a silver unit cell is Q 34 A metal crystallizes as face centered cubic lattice with edge length of 450pm. Molar mass of metal is 50g mol1. The density of metal is Q 35 A solid has bcc structure. Distance of closest approach between two atoms is 1.73A0. Find edge length of cell. Q 36 What areBravais lattices? Explain with example.

Q 37 Classify the following solids as metallic; molecular, covalent or ionic. (i) SO2 (ii) Diamond (iii) I2 (iv) MgO (iv) Ag (v) Quartz (vi) Ar Q 38 (i) What are voids? (ii) How a tetrahedral void is different from octahedral void? (iii) Draw structure of tetrahedral and octahedral void. Q 39The density of an atom is 7.2g cm3. It has bcc structure. The edge length is 288 pm. The number of atoms of element 208g of element has is Q 40 Find the type of lattice for cube having edge length of 400 pm, atomic wt. = 60 and density = 6.25 g/cc. Q 41 A mineral contains Ca, O and Ti. In its unit cell oxygen atoms are present at face centres, calcium atoms at corners and titanium atoms at centre of cube. Find the oxidation number of titanium in the mineral. Q 42 A metal oxide crystallizes in a hexagonal close packed array of oxide ions with two out of every three octahedral holes occupied by metal. Find formula of metal oxide. Q 43 A metal has cubic lattice. Edge length of lattice cell is 2A0. The density of metal is 2.4g cm3. How many units cell are present in 200g of metal. Q 44 The density of NaCl crystal is 2.155g cm3 and distance between Na+ and Cl is 280 pm. Find value of Avogadros number. Q 45 In a face centered cubic lattice atoms of A occupy corner of cell and that of B occupy face centers. One of the A atoms is missing from one corner of a unit cell. Find the simplest formula of compound. Q 46 The edge length of unit cell of a metal having molecular weight 75 g/mol is 5 ,which crystallises in cubic lattice. The density of metal is 2 g/cc. Calculate the radius of metal atom. (Given: NA 6 1023). Q 47 Define (i) Schottky defect (ii) Frenkel defect

(iii) Point defects (iv) Interstitials (v) Vacancy Most Important Questions Q 1 Define the following (a) Photovoltaic substance (b)Isotropy (c)Anisotropy Q 2 Differentiate between glass & quartz. Q 3 Identify the type of solids on the basic of secondary forces: N2, Ne, Ice, SiO2, K, Fe, HCl (solid) Q 4 Why ionic solids do not show isomerism? Q 5 Despite having covalent nature, graphite shows electrical conductivity explain? Q 6 Why solid sodium chloride is anisotropic? Q 7 What do you mean by ideal crystal & real crystal? Q 8 Why diamond is hard? Q 9 Solid A is very hard electrical insulator in solid as well as in molten state and melts at very high temp. What type of solid is it? Q 10 Copper conducts elctricity in solid state while copper sulphate conducts electricity only in molten state or in aqueous solution.Explain. Q 11 Why are solids rigid? Q 12 Why is glass considered a super cooled liquid? Q 13 Refractive index of a solid is observed to have the same value along all direction, what is the nature of the solid. Would it shows cleavage property. Q 14 Why ionic crystals are hard & brittle? Q 16 Though sodium chloride is ionic solid and diamond is a covalent solid yet diamond is the hardest solid. Give reason. Q 17 What you mean by crystal lattice and space lattice Q 18 How many types of 2D lattice? Q 19 What you means by Bravais lattice? Q 20 What you mean by unit cell? Q 21 Name the parameter that characterize a unit cell. Q 22 Differentiate between face centred unit cell and end centered unit cell.

Q 23 A cubic solid is made up of 2 elements P & Q. P occupies the corner of the cube & Q occupies the alternate face of the cube. Deduce the structure of lattice. Q 24 A cubic solid is made up of two elements M and N. M occupies the corner of cube while N occupies the face centres of the cube. Deduce its formula. Q 25 An element occurs in bcc structure with edge length 300 pm. The density of the element is 5.2 g cm-3. How many atoms of the element does 200g of the element contain? Q 26 Aluminium crystallizes in a cubic closed packed structure. Its metallic radius is 125 pm. a)What is the edge length of unit cell. b)How many unit cells are there in 1cm3 of Aluminium? Q 27 What is the significance of unit cell in deciding the type of crystal lattice? Q 28 What is hcp&ccp ? Is coordination number a distinguishing factor between the two? Q 29 An element crystallizes in afcc lattice having radius of 144.2 pm. If its density is 19.3g cm-3, calculate the atomic mass of the element & identify the type of solid. Q 30 MgO has the structure of NaCl and TiCl has structure of CsCl. What is the coordination number of ions in MgO&TiCl? Q 31 Name an element with which silicon can be doped to give: a)n type semiconductor b)p type Q 32 Why is potassium chloride sometimes violet instead of pure white? Q 33 What happens when a ferromagnetic substance is heated? Q 34 Which point defect lowers the density of a crystal? Q 35 Why is Frankel defect found in AgCl? Q 36 Solid solutions of group 13 or 15 impurities with group 14 elements are found to exhibit unusual electrical properties. Why? Q 37 Which type of compounds show Schottky& Frankel defects

Q 38 A compound is formed by two elements X and Y. Atoms of the element Y (as anions) make ccp and those of element X (as cations) occupy all the octahedral voids what is the formula of compound. Q 39 Lithium crystallizes in bcc structure . If the edge length of unit cell is 353 pm, calculate a)radius of Li atoms b)the packing efficiency of the unit cell. Q 40 Atoms of element B form hcp lattice & those of the element of occupy 2/3rd of tetrahedral voids. What is the formula of compound. Q 41 If the radius of the octahedral void is r and radius of the atoms in close packing is R derive relates b/w r & R. Q 42 Ca metal crystallizes in a face centered cubic lattice with edge length of 0.556 nm. Calculate the density of the metal if it contains (i) 0.5% Frenkel defects (ii) 0.2% Schottky defects Q 43 The composition of a sample of Wustite is Fe0.93 O1.00. What percentage of the iron is present in the form of Fe(III) oxide Q 44 Ionic solid, which have anionic vacancies due to metal excess defects develop colour. Explain with the help of a suitable example. Q 45 An ionic solid A+ B- has NaCl type structure. (i)Calculate the minimum radius of anion which will fit in if the radius of cation is 240pm. (ii)Can the cation having radius of 56 pm can fit in the tetrahedral hole of this crystal?