Clinical Biochemistry Examination, May 2011

Clinical Biochemistry Examination

I- Correct the underlined words 1. Palmitic acid and stearic acids are the only two essential fatty acids. 2. Low-dose salicylate inhibits phosphilipase A2. 3. Oxy-LDL is derived from HDL 4. Insulin stimulates lipolysis. 5. Ketone bodies are produced by the muscle and consumed by the liver. 6. During starvation, fatty acid synthesis is enhanced but ketone bodies formation is inhibited. 7. Pancreatic lipase is activated by insulin, and lipoprotein lipase is activated by bile salts. 8. HDL is the source of cholesterol to tissues. 9. Maple syrup disease is due to deficiency of tyrosinase. 10. Albinism is protein and multiple vitamin deficiency disease. 11. Hyperammonemia is corrected in the brain by scavenging ammonia with glucose. 12. Ketosis is encountered in hyperosmolal dioabetic coma. 13. Bleeding eosophageal varices is essentially accompanied by hypoglycemia. 14. vonGierke disease is characterized by hyperglycemia and keto-acidosis 15. Glycated hemoglobin (HBA1c) is marker of atherosclerosis. 16. Pentose phosphate pathway (hexose-monophosphate shunt) key-enzyme is glucose-6-phosphatase. 17. Type I diabetes mellitus may be associated with obesity and insulin resistance. 18. Essential frucosuria is presented with liver dysfunction, cataract, and galactosuria. 19. Insulin decreases hepatic glucose utilization and promotes amino acid conversion into glucose. II- I- Mark right ( ) or wrong (x) on the following statements: 1Non-essential fatty acids are the sources of eicosanoids (prostanoids). 2VLDL is synthesized by the liver and carries mainly, triglycerides. 3Glucocorticoids inhibit lipoprotein lipase A2. 4Acetyl salicylic acid inhibits cyclo-oxygenase. 5VLDL is the source of LDL in plasma. 6Lipoprotein lipase is activated by catecholamines, but hormone-sensitive lipase is activated by insulin. 7Insulin resistance is lack response to circulating insulin. 8In reactive hypoglycemia, serum glucose 2-h after meal is less than the fasting level. 9In fructose intolerance, there hypoglycemia and fructosuria. 10- In vonGierke disease, there is hyperglycemia, lactic acidosis, and galactosuria. 11- Hyperammonemia is a chracterstic feature of hereditary ornithin transcarbamolase deficiency. 12- Hyperammonemia of liver cirrhosis is due defective ammonia renal excretion. 13- High protein meal, like bleeding varicses, causes encephalopathy in chronic uncompensated liver disease. 14- Pellagra-like manifestations is characterstic to Hartnup disease.