(2)Chinese Musical Instruments

FREE REED PIPES

Chinese instruments are either played solo, or collectively in

large orchestras or in smaller ensembles.

Bawu- side-blown free reed pipe with

finger holes (1)WOOD=instruments in this category has ancient varieties no conductor in traditional Chinese music, or musical scores Guban- clapper made from two flat pieces of or tablature wood; used in shuochang and Beijing opera learned orally and memorized by the musician(s) beforehand, then played without aid; accuracy and teamwork is required

Paiban- a clapper made from several flat pieces of wood

now,

music scores can be used or a conductor if there are many musicians.

Bangzi- small, high-pitched woodblock =category that comprises various forms of stone chimes Bianqing- a rack of stone tablets that are hung by ropes from a (2)SILK = Instruments that are mostly stringed (plucked, wooden frame and struck using a mallet bowed, and struck) METAL = Chinese have used silk for strings Bianzhong- 65 bronze bells hung on a rack, = Today metal or nylon are more frequnetly used = Instruments in this category: struck using poles
PLUCKED

(metallophone)

Fangxiang- set of tuned metal slabs

Konghou- harp

Pipa- pear-shaped fretted lute with 4 or 5

strings

Bo- cymbals
sheng but smaller Xun- ocarina made of baked clay Fou- clay pot played as a percussion instrument Yu- ancient free reed mouth organ similar to the sheng but generally larger He- ancient free reed mouth organ similar to the Hulusi- free-reed wind instrument with three bamboo pipes which pass through a gourd wind chest; one pipe has finger holes and the other two are drone pipes; used primarily in Yunnan province Tanggu- medium-sized barrel drum played with two sticks

Sanxian- plucked lute with body covered

with snakeskin and long fretless neck

Ruan-

moon-shaped lute in five sizes: gaoyin-, xiao-, zhong-, da-, and diyinplucked lute with a wooden body, a short fretted neck, and four strings tuned in pairs BOWED

Yueqin

higher pitch

Erhu- two-stringed fiddle Gaohu- two-stringed fiddle,

than erhu; also called yuehu

Jinghu Gehu-

two-stringed fiddle, very high pitched, used mainly for Beijing opera four-stringed bass instrument, tuned and played like cello people of Guangxi

OTHERS

Huagu- flower drum

Yaogu- waist drum

Zheng- bowed zither; used by the Zhuang

(1)STRUCK

Zhangu- war drum; played with two sticks Gudi- an ancient flute made of bone Lilie- reed wind instrument with a conical bore
played by the Li people of Hainan

Yangqin- hammered dulcimer of varying

strings struck using two bamboo hammers BAMBOO = Bamboo mainly refers to woodwind instruments (1)FLUTES Dizi- transverse bamboo flute with buzzing membrane Xiao- end-blown flute; also called dongxiao Paixiao- pan pipes Koudi- very small transverse bamboo flute OBOES Guan- cylindrical double reed wind instrument made of either hardwoodor bamboo; the northern version is also called guanzi or bili and the Cantonese version is also called Suona- double-reed wind instrument with a flaring metal bell; also called haidi

Lusheng- free-reed mouth organ with five or six

pipes, played by various ethnic groups in southwest China and neighboring countries

Kouxian- Jew's harp, made of bamboo or metal Muye- tree leaf used as a wind instrument