Idea Book of STEAM* Projects

*Science*Technology*Engineering*Art*Mathematics * * * *

David Harmon, Charles Griffin and Richard St-Pierre Make It Science and IBM Systems & Technology Essex Jct., VT USA

Make It Science Motivating STEAM Learning

Make It Science is a volunteer organization working in conjunction with IBMs Technical Education Outreach Program. Its mission is to provide an innovation-environment for K-12 students to explore physical sciences by building developmentally appropriate, motivational projects at very low cost

Speaker Pong C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R, St-Pierre

Team Marimba de Fuego playing the electric bass marimba 2

Make It Science Motivating STEAM Learning

Electro*Sci: Magneto*Sci: Musica*Sci: Aero*Sci:

Electricity Magnetism & Electricity Vibration, Sound, Waves & Music Forces & Motion Air Pressure

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R, St-Pierre

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

Electro*Sci: Electricity *
Demos:
Van Der Graaf Fun Fly Stick ElectroCatic Generator

Hands-on Activities:
Can Racing Leaf Electroscopes Electronic Electroscopes Electro*Soda Motas Electro*Pong Gongs

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R, St-Pierre

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning Van der Graaf: Serious Charges ($150+)
+ + + + + + + + + + +

+ + + + + +

Become part of the circuit !

Charge separation

Play with one of the forces that hold the universe together !

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning Fun Fly Sticks: Static Magic! ($28)

The Fun Fly Stick low-cost and fun alternative to a Van der Graaf generator C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre 6

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

ELECTRO SCI - ElectroCatic* Generator ($0 plus 1 cat?)
MATERIALS

1. Kitty litter bucket 2. 3 PVC pipe (3.5 OD), 15 long 3. PVC pipe, 8 long 4. CPVC pipe, 5 long 5. PVC end cap 6. (2) tin cans, 3.5 dia., 5.75 tall 7. Real wool (mitten, hat, scarf) 8. (4) 832 bolts, long 9. (8) 832 lock washers and nuts 10. (2) 1032 bolts 1.5 long 11. (2) 1032 lock washers and nuts 12. (1) Cat (optional)
Hand-crank electrostatic generator

* No animals were harmed in the construction and use of this device

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

ELECTRO SCI - Can Racers
PVC pipe, 16 long Soda can, 12 oz. Real wool mitten, hat or scarf

Race electrostatically powered soda cans!

High-tech scientific equipment

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

ELECTRO SCI - Leaf Electroscope
Assemble and insert into hole in jar lid Place washer and nut on bolt and hand tighten Attach binder clip to end of bolt and remove handles Thread leaves onto paper clip sections and snap sections onto outside of binder clips Screw lid onto jar Bolt (1/4-20) Nut Washer Jar lid Washer Nut Binder Clip Paper Clip section Aluminum foil leaves

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

MATERIALS

Clear, flatsided plastic jar Medium binder clip 1/420 Bolt, 3 long (2) 1/420 Flat washers and nuts 1/420 Lock washer (2) Aluminum foil strips, x 2.25 Transparency w/ protractor image

Align protractor section with foil leaves and tape in place

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

ELECTRO SCI Electronic Electroscope

Electroscope mounted 9V battery MATERIALS

Empowerment through soldering

1. 2. 3. 4.

9V battery 9V battery top cap (recycled) NJFET Transistor (MPF102) Red LED (e.g., Radio Shack #2 )
10

Eletrostatic Charge sensor, http://www.eskimo.com/~billb/emotor/chargdet.html C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

ELECTRO SCI - Soda Mota

Soda Mota III

Low-cost electrostatic fun !

Construction of the Soda Moda (electrostatic motor) NOTE: The aluminum foil stripes on the bottle should be separated by ~ 1cm C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

MATERIALS Bottledwater bottle (8 oz.) 3 ballpoint pens (e.g., Staples, med) 2 X 4 Wood block , 8 long 2 Very large paper clips Aluminum foil (2 x 8 inches) Transparency (1 7/8 x 8 ) Glue stick Doublesided tape 11

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

ELECTRO SCI - Pong Gong

Pong Gong III

MATERIALS 1. Plastic milk carton (1 gallon) 2. Dental floss, 16 long (or equivalent) 3. Ping pong ball 4. No. 2 pencil (for coloring) 5. (2 4) Brass fasteners C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

Constructing Pong Gong II

Pong Gong Electrostatic motor

MATERIALS 1. Two tuna cans, half opened & lid folded under 2. Plastic support cut from 5gallon bucket 3. Dental floss, 16 long (or equivalent) 4. Ping pong ball 5. No. 2 pencil for coloring 6. 2 x 4 Wooden block, 4 long 7. (4) Wood screws , 1 long 8. (4) 832 Flat washers and nuts 9. (2) 832 Bolts with lock washers and star washers

12

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

Magneto*Sci: Magnetism & Electricity *

Demos:
Magnetic Slide Ring Flinger

Hands-on Activities:
Loop Motors Mag Spinners Mag Sensors Speakers Electric Guitars

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

13

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

Magneto*Sci: Magnetic Slide * Fm
Rare-earth Magnetic Cylinder

Fg
Aluminum Channel*
Lenz's law "An induced current is always in such a direction as to oppose the motion or change causing it -- Heinrich Lenz

*Similar channels of other materials and nonmagnetic rollers the same size & mass as the magnet are also useful for demonstrations

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

14

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

Magneto*Sci: Ring Flinger *

Metal Ring

Two hundred straightened coat hangers!

2 PVC Pipe

Levitate or Fling Rings!

On

Hand-wound coil

110 VAC C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre Variac (optional)

Off

Split ring for comparison 15

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

Magneto*Sci: Loop Motors *
Paper Clips 2 Loops of Copper Magnet Wire

AA Battery

Disk Magnet

9.5 cm 2 x 4 Block MATERIALS

NOTE: On each side where the copper wire can contact the paper clips, scrape the insulation off just the bottom edge of the wire with the loop vertical C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

(1) 2x4 wooden block, 20 cm long (1) medium binder clips (1) Disk magnets (2) small wood screws (2) large paper clips Copper magnet wire, ~24 gauge (65 cm with ~ 7 cm diameter loops) 7. (1) AA battery (rechargeable!)

16

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

Magneto*Sci: Mag Spinners *

Magnets Wooden stop N N N N Pen

Binder Clips

5.5 cm

5.5 cm

2 x 4 Block Magnetic levitation with a twist! MATERIALS

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

(1) 2x4 wooden block, 20 cm long (1) wooden stop, ~0.5 cm thick, ~8 cm tall (5) medium binder clips (6) Disk magnets (1) ballpoint pen (e.g. bic, staples) (5) small wood screws 17

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

MAGNETO SCI Mag Sensor

Mag sensor mounted on a 9V battery

Assembly of the magnetic sensor

MATERIALS

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

9V battery 9V battery top cap (recycled) Hall Sensor (e.g., UTC U18) Red LED (e.g., Radio Shack #2 ) Resistor, 1 KOhms
18

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

Magneto*Sci: Speakers *
Clear Plastic bag taped to rim of jar Copper Wire on Sewing Bobbin taped to plastic

Magnet Tubing Bolt Large Plastic Pretzel Jar Section with Extra Cap MATERIALS Speaker with mini amp circuit and CD player

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

Plastic sewing bobbin Copper magnet wire, 30 gauge, 40 Largemouth plastic jar Bolt, flat washers & nuts (1420) Rareearth cylindrical magnet, (e.g., 0.25 dia, 0.5 long) 6. Plastic tubing, 0.25 ID, 1 long 7. Clear plastic sheet 19

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

Magneto*Sci: Electric Guitar *
MATERIALS

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Jammin with the 1-string EM-Guitar Output Jack Tuning Pin Magnet

Plastic sewing bobbin Copper magnet wire, 42 gauge Scrap floor board Piano tuning pins (recycled) Rareearth cylindrical magnet, (e.g., 0.25 dia, 0.5 long) (2) Wooden triangle blocks (bridges) Piano wire (or guitar string) Frozen orange juice lid Output jack (e.g., ) Connecting wire
Tuning Pin

Copper Wire on Sewing Bobbin C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

Adjustable Wire Frets 20

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning Musica*Sci: Vibration, Waves, Sound & Music *
Demos (requires dedicated volunteers):
String Thing Shive Machine Speaker Pong

Hands-on Activities:
Coat Rack Bass Glockenthump Drumbone Bucket Banjos Marimbas Chimephone Balloon Bassoon

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

21

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

Musica*Sci: The String Thing *

Multiple resonance modes demonstrated in elastic bands excited by a subwoofer speaker C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre 22

Make It Science Motivating STEAM Learning

Musica*Sci: Speaker Pong & Speaker Drum *

Resonance of a ping pong ball placed on a speaker cone C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

Subwoofer speaker mounted inside a drum 23

Make It Science Motivating STEAM Learning

Musica*Sci: Speaker Drum *

Salt crystals reveal the nodal patters on the speaker drum C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre 24

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

Musica*Sci: The Monotar with Lisajou* Patterns *
MATERIALS 1. Scrap 2 x 4, ~1 m 2. Piano tuning pins (recycled) 3. Nylon fishing line 4. Wooden bridge, adjustable 5. Large binder clip (optional)

Linking visual and aural harmony with the Monotar string instrument *Lissajous curve, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lissajous_curve C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre 25

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

Musica*Sci: Bucket Banjos *

Three-string Bucket Banjo construction: acoustic or piezoelectric guitars C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre 26

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

Musica*Sci: Coat Rack Bass & Glockenthump *

Is it a coat rack? Or, is it an instrument? C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

PVC melodies from a plosive aerophone 27

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

Musica*Sci: Drumbone & Flute *

Playing the slide drumbone C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

A PVC flute: an empowering musical project 28

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

Musica*Sci: Marimbas *
HW Bars

Go A B

C D
Note G F# F E D C B A

E F
Length* (cm) 33.7 ? 35.9 37.2 39.5 42.9 ? ? 48.3

F# G

Freq (Hz) 784.0 ? 698.4 659.2 587.3 523.2 493.9 440.0 392.0

Floorboard marimbas: acoustic or piezoelectric C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

Go

* Example only; highly variable

29

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

Musica*Sci: Pan Pipes *
Go A B C D E F F# G

Tape/ frame Foam corks

Note Go A B C D E F F# G Length (cm) 23.2 ? ? 17.6 15.8 14.3 13.5 ? 12.2 Frequency (Hz) 392 440 493.9 523.2 587.3 659.2 689.4 ? 784

Playing the PVC pipes of Pan C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

30

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

Musica*Sci: Performance! *

An orchestra to remember ! C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre 31

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning Aero*Sci: Air Pressure *

Demos
Balloon & Quarter, Balloon & cups Soda Poppers Leaf Blower Beach Ball The Wing Thing

Hands-on Activities:
Jars Of Air Pipes of Pong Balloon Racing Bernoulli Pong String Launchers Spin Gliders Whirled Cup Soccer

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

32

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning Aero*Sci: Soda Poppers

Now what ?

MATERIALS 1. Small plastic soda bottle 2. Ping pong ball 3. Small knife 4. Scissors
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

Use air pressure to Pop the ping pong ball out of the soda bottle

33

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning Aero*Sci: Leaf Blower Beach Ball

MATERIALS 1. Small leaf blower 2. Beach Ball 3. Extension cord

Use the Bernoulli principle to levitate a beach ball over the crowd C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre 34

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning Aero*Sci: The Wing Thing

Symmetric wing follows the air stream

Airplane wing gets a lift from the air stream

Lift (Force), Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia, 4/23/10, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lift_(force).

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

MATERIALS 1. Several manila folders 2. (1) Soda can 3. (6) Straws 4. Leaf blower 5. Fishing line 6. Suspension frame (e.g., PVC pipes)

35

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning Aero*Sci: Jars of Air

MATERIALS 1. (3) Large plastic peanut butter jars (32 oz) 1. (2) Large reclosable plastic bags 2. Adhesive tape 3. (1) Large, flat rubber band 4. 2 hole saw (and drill press) 5. Optional: aquarium air valves, hose & hose fittings

If the jar is empty, why cant I put the bag back inside?

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

36

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning Aero*Sci: Pipes of Pong

MATERIALS 1. Several 2 diameter, clear PVC pipes 2. Several 40 mm ping pong balls 3. 2 PVC end cap

Controlling motion of the ping pong ball inside the pipe with air pressure C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre 37

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning Aero*Sci: Bernoulli Pong

MATERIALS 1. (~5) Plastic soda bottles 2. (1) 2x 4 x 24 scrap lumber 3. (~5) wood screws, 1 long 4. (1) Computer paper box lid 5. (2) Ping pong balls

Use air pressure and be the first one to move the ping pong ball to the center cup !

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

38

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning Aero*Sci: Spin Glider

Low Pressure Lift

Thrust
Marker (optional)

Drag Gravity High Pressure

MATERIALS What happens now?

1. 2. 3. 4.

(2) Paper or plastic cups (1) Large rubber band (1) Marker with pocket clip Adhesive tape
Spinning cups get a lift from Bernoulli 39

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning Aero*Sci: Balloon Rockets

Get ready, get set. MATERIALS

Gooooooo !

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

(1) Large styrofoam cup BA (1) Straw Adhesive tape Many long balloons Small gauge wire with teflon insulation (~10) Balloon pump

FAB FBA = - FAB

40

Newtons 3rd Law: It IS Rocket Science!

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning Aero*Sci: Whirled-Cup Soccer

Whirl your cup across the goal line with a vortex of air* ! Vortex Rings, Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia, 4/18/10 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex_ring Vortex Ring Toys, Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia, 4/18/10, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex_ring_toys. C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre 41

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning . Aero*Sci: Whirled-Cup Soccer

Plastic Sheet Rubber Band Moving Air Vortex Cups (taped) Bucket Goal Thrust Swivel x Clamp Goal Clamp

Air

Use an air vortex to Whirl the Cups past the goal line
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre 42

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning Aero*Sci: Air Launcher

1) 2) Remove nut and 1 washer from each J-hook. Insert hooks with remaining washer and nut into the holes inside the bucket on the bottom edges. 3) Replace washer and nut on each hook outside the bucket and hand tighten. 4) Put rubber band over 1 hook, pass it thru the eye of the eye-bolt and over the other hook. 5) Rotate hooks toward the sides of the bucket and tighten securely in place. 6) Remove knob, spacer, metal washer and 1 rubber washer from eye-bolt. 7) Insert eye-bolt, with remaining nut and washers thru central hole in plastic sheet. 8) Replace rubber washer, metal washer, spacer and knob. Hand tighten knob. 9) Spread plastic sheet evenly around top of bucket so that rubber band is slightly stretched. 10) Attach plastic sheet to top of bucket with large cover/clamp ring. 11) Trim plastic edge, if desired. C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

Cover/Clamp ring

Plastic sheet

Wooden knob Washer Rubber Plastic Rubber Washer Nut

Eyebolt
Nut Washer Bucket Washer Nut

J-bolt

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning Aero*Sci: Foam Plane Kit

Construct and fly elastic-powered foam airplanes

C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

44

Make It Science
AIRPLANE 1 Note: Wing and Tail Slots Should Match Foam Thickness
G N I o sl t

o sl

t
C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre 45

FU SE

L AI T

LA G E

Make It Science Motivating STEM Learning

The Great Airplane Race (a.k.a., the Fantastic Foam Fling) Airplane 1 - Construction Instructions
(1) Cut out wing, tail and fuselage patterns and trace onto foam using a regular ballpoint pen. (2) Cut out the foam shapes with sharp scissors. (3) Carefully cut 3/8-wide wing and tail slots in the airplane fuselage with a sharp knife. (4) Gently squeeze the wing and tail sections through the corresponding slots in fuselage. (5) Slide launch clip onto airplane nose and mark the hole location with a ballpoint pen. (6) At the mark, gently force the tip of a ballpoint pen through the foam. (7) Place launch collar on tip of pen and push pen back through foam, leaving the collar embedded in the foam. (8) Slide launch clip over launch collar and pin in place with brass fastener. Bend over ends of fastener to secure in place. (9) Attach binder clip to foam above launch clip. Optimize clip position for best flight. (10) Attach rubber band to marker clip for use as a launcher. C. Griffin / D. Harmon / R. St-Pierre

marker rubber band

launch clip launch collar wing fuselage

binder clip fastener

tail