Prof. Dr. Hubert Kirrmann Abbch-Rd: Introduction To The IEC 61850 Electrical Utility Communication Standard

Prof. Dr.
Hubert Kirrmann ABBCH-RD Introduction to the IEC 61850 electrical utility communication standard
2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd, Corporate Research, ABBCH-RD

Project C2-012/12 HK
Introduction to IEC 61850
Executive summary
IEC 61850 is a collection of international standards defining: -how to describe the devices in an electrical substation and -how to exchange the information about these devices - at configuration time and - at run-time. It simplifies considerably engineering and testing, savings several Mio per year. It is the base for all developments in substation automation. Main products: definition of model engineering tools object IEC 61850 was developed by the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva) by a group of manufacturers (ABB, Alstom, Schneider, SEL, Siemens, Toshiba,..) and electrical utilities (Electricit de France, Iberdrola, Hydro-Quebec,) IEC 61850 represents hundreds of person-years of work since 1997, one of the largest and most successful standardization group ever (comparable to IEEE 802.3).
2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd Corporate Research ABBCH-RD
keep on reading even if you are an executive
Contents
1. 2. 3. 4.
Introduction: substation elements Description of the electrical topology Protection, Control and Measurement devices Logical Devices and Logical Nodes Data communication topology Communication Protocols Substation Description Language and Tools Conclusion
5. 6. 7. 8.
Swiss power grid: substations and transmission lines
substations are the nodes of the electricity network, connecting power plants, different voltage levels, different frequencies and large loads
Air-isolated substation (AIS)
Air isolated high voltage elements
circuit breaker (3 phases)

(can break short-circuit current)
disconnector (3 phases)
(cant be switched under load)
power transformers
current measurement transformers

http://www.abb.com/product/us/9AAC30300082.aspx
Gas-isolated substation (GIS)

Control Q0/CSWI Q8/CSWI Q9/CSWI Bay-HMI IHMI Earthing Switch Q8_L1/XSWI Gas density mon. Q8_L1/SIMG
Isolator Q9_L1/XSWI Gas density mon. Q9_L1/SIMG Circuit Breaker Q0_L1/XCBR Gas density mon. Q0_L1/SIMG
Secondary technology
Primary technology
Distance Protection PDIS
GIS are used in urban regions where place is scarce, or in open air where conditions are harsh
Indoor substations (medium voltage)
Gas Isolated high voltage
medium voltage
Connect towns and large industries to the grid
Your substation at home
The switchboard in a home is a miniature substation: - distribution of electricity (to the different rooms), - control (switch on/off) and - protection (fuses).
switch and protect transformer
bath earth fault living room parents cellar children
kitchen
Substation elements
10
Station (Unterwerk, Sous-station, subestacin) Node in the power network built in a switchyard (Schaltfeld, campo) consists of : Bus bar (interconnects all elements) Bay for each incoming / outcoming line (feeder) bay transformer bay generator bay connection between bus bars equipment is divided into: Primary equipment (switchyard hardware) breaker transformer Secondary equipment (electronics) control, monitoring and protection devices
Electrical circuit (Single Line Diagram = SLD)
11
bus bar (jeux de barres, Sammelschiene, barras) disconnector (interrupteurs, Trenner, seccionador) cannot be switched under power circuit breaker (disjoncteur, Leistungsschalter, interruptor) can switch fault current
three phases
transformer (transformateur, Trafo, transformador) generator (generateur, Generator, generador)
feeder
bay bay bay
dpart Abgang
bahia
Primary and secondary elements

secondary
12 Network control centre
primary
bus bars switches

-Q1 -Q2
ABB
Power Automation AG COM581
Communication Converter
Control/Protection Cubicles
Fllanden Steuerung / Schutz =AD17 -KB2 Fllanden Steuerung / Schutz =AD17 -KB2
Process Interface
circuit breakers
220VDC SPANNUNG SYS 1 220VDC SPANNUNG SYS 2
-Q0 VT CT -Q9
Feldsteuergert REC216
mit Messung und Synchrocheck
VERRIEG ELUNG
Star coupler
ABB
Power Automation AG
RER111
500SCM 01 Tx1 Rx1 500SCM 01 Tx1 Rx1
LEITUNG SHAUPTSCHUTZ I 0 STUFENVERL. 0
REL316*4 I WE-BLO CK
PRFSTECKER Reset AUS 0 SCHUTZ EIN/AUS I
500SCM Tx1 Rx1
500SCM 01 Tx1 Rx1
500SCM 01 Tx1 Rx1
Tx2
Tx2
Tx2
Tx2
Tx2
Rx2
Rx2
Rx2
Rx2
Rx2
Tx3
Tx3
Tx3
Tx3
Tx3
Rx3
Rx3
Rx3
Rx3
Rx3
SAMMELSCHIENENSCHUTZ
REB500
RESERVESCHUTZ
-X1 SYNCHRO NISIERUNG HAND AUS SCHUTZ EIN/AUS
d g tal
2 x 220/24V DC/DC SPANNUNG SVERSO RG UNG
motors
-Q8
Interbay bus
HV Line bay
Contents
13
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
IEC 61346: Naming of substation elements

=E1 =W1 =W2
M =QB2 M =QB1 M =QB2 =QC1 M =QB1 M =QB2 =QC1
14
M =QB1
M =QB2 =QC1
M =QB1
M =QB2 =QC1 =BU1 =BU2 M
M =QB1
=QC1
M =BI1 =QC2
M =QA1 =QA1
=QC11 =QA1 M
M =QA1
=BI1
=QC2
=BI1
=QC2
M =QB12
-QA1
=BI1
=QC2
=BI1
=QC2
M =BU1 =BU1 M =QB9
M =BU1 M =QB9
=Q3
=QC9
=BU1
=T1
bay 3
=T1
=QC9
=Q1
=Q2
E1.W1.Q2.QA1 bay 2
=Q4
=Q5
bay 1
bay 4
bay 5
The IEC 61346 standard defines how substation elements should be named.
(Customers may define their own names, e.g. Q1 is City_Broadway)
Primary technology in the switchyard (Air Isolated)
15
Substation Configuration Language: Single Line Diagram
16
<?xml version="1.0"?> <SCL xmlns:sxy="http://www.iec.ch/61850/sclcoordinates001" xmlns="http://www.iec.ch/61850/2003/SCL"> <Header id="svc" toolID="SSI-Tool" nameStructure="IEDName" /> <Substation name="AA1" desc="Substation"> <VoltageLevel name="A1" desc="Voltage Level"> <Bay name="A01" desc="Bay" sxy:dir="horizontal"> <LNode iedName="AA1TH1" ldInst="LD0" lnClass="LPHD" lnInst="1" /> <LNode iedName="AA1TH1" ldInst="LD0" lnClass="ITCI" lnInst="1" /> <LNode iedName="AA1TH1" ldInst="LD0" lnClass="LLN0" lnInst="" /> </Bay> </VoltageLevel> <VoltageLevel name="C1" desc="Voltage Level"> <Voltage multiplier="k" unit="V">380</Voltage> </VoltageLevel> <VoltageLevel name="H1" desc="Voltage Level"> <Voltage multiplier="k" unit="V">33</Voltage> <Bay name="Q03" desc="Trafo LV" sxy:x="54" sxy:y="33" sxy:dir="vertical"> <ConductingEquipment name="QA1" desc="Circuit Breaker" type="CBR" sxy:x="7" sxy:y="8" sxy:dir="vertical"> <Terminal connectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N1" substationName="AA1" voltageLevelName="H1" bayName="Q03" cNodeName="N1" <Terminal connectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N5" substationName="AA1" voltageLevelName="H1" bayName="Q03" cNodeName="N5" </ConductingEquipment> <ConductingEquipment name="BU1" desc="Voltage Transformer 2 Sec. 3 Phase" type="VTR" sxy:x="4" sxy:y="24"> <Terminal connectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N6" substationName="AA1" voltageLevelName="H1" bayName="Q03" cNodeName="N6" </ConductingEquipment> <ConductingEquipment name="TrafoLV" desc="Line In/Out" type="IFL" sxy:x="7" sxy:y="26" sxy:dir="vertical"> <Terminal connectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N6" substationName="AA1" voltageLevelName="H1" bayName="Q03" cNodeName="N6" </ConductingEquipment> <ConductingEquipment name="BI1.2" desc="Current Transformer" type="CTR" sxy:x="7" sxy:y="12" sxy:dir="vertical"> <Terminal connectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N3" substationName="AA1" voltageLevelName="H1" bayName="Q03" cNodeName="N3" <Terminal connectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N4" substationName="AA1" voltageLevelName="H1" bayName="Q03" cNodeName="N4" </ConductingEquipment>
/> />
/>
/>
/> />
IEC 61850-6 specifies how to describe a substations Single Line Diagram, and how to reproduce it on a screen exactly in the correct topology. It allows to describe any substation, independent from the manufacturer in simple XML.
Contents
17
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
Protection, Measurement and Control devices

IED = Intelligent Electronic Device
18
bus-bar protection
M =QB1 M =QB2 =QC1 M =QB1 M =QB2 =QC1 M =QB1 M =QB2 =QC1
bus bar H1 bus bar H2
measurement
M =QA1 =QA1
M =QA1
bay protection and control
=BI1
=QC2
=BI1
=QC2
=BI1
=QC2
M =BU1 =BU1 M =QB9
M =BU1
back-up bay protection and control

=Q1
=T1
=QC9
G
M
=Q2
=Q2
generator protection bay 2
bay 1 transformer protection
bay 2
Each object is protected by its own protection & control device

Price
IEC 61850- based product family
19
RE_ 670 RE_ 650 RE_ 630 RE_ 615
RE_ 60_
voltage / power level
Distribution
Transmission
Example of protection function: time-overcurrent
20
current [kA]
nominal current duration before trip [ms]

The protection function is adjusted with a set of parameters that are tuned for a specific substation and bay, called a setting. Protection function have usually different settings, that are used depending on the situation.

Internals of an IED
21

Signal flow in an IED
22
Contents
23
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
Logical device
24
Each physical device (called an IED) can perform functions that was formerly performed by different protection or control devices. Those former devices are represented by Logical Devices within the physical device.
Physical Device PISA_Q0_L3

Logical Device Q0_L3/

circuit breaker control and protection
Logical Device B_L3/

buss bar control and protection
Logical Nodes
25
IEC 61850 describes each function within a substation equipment (transformer, circuit breaker, protection function...) by a logical node (LN).
IED2 IHMI
human interface
IARC
LAN
IED1
circuit breaker
Q0
XCBR
CSWI
control of switch
current measure transformer voltage measuring transformer
PIOC T1 TCTR MMTR T2 : TVTR MMXU City X
protection against over current
measuring unit
Logical Nodes Groups
26
IEC 61850-7-4 standardizes 91 Logical Nodes divided into 13 Logical Groups The first letter of the Logical Node identifies the group. Logical Group L P R C G I A M S X T Y Z W O H N B F Name Number of Logical Nodes System LN 2 Protection 28 Protection related 10 Control 5 Generic 3 Interfacing and archiving 4 Automatic control 4 Metering and measurement 8 Sensor and monitoring 4 Switchgear 2 Instrument transformers 2 Power transformers 4 Further power system equipment 15 Wind Solar Hydro Power plant Batteries Fuel Cells
reserved for companion standards
Logical Nodes: switchgear
27
LNname XCBR
Function Circuit breaker a high-power switch capable of switching off or on under full load current (Schalter, Interrupteur) a switching device capable of electrically isolating a line, but which may only be operated when essentially no current is flowing
XSWI
Circuit switch

Data Object Mod Beh Health NamePlt Loc EEHealth EEName NamPlt OpCnt
Data: Circuit Breaker

XCBR
28
Explanation Basic LN Mode Behavior Health Name Plate Local operation, not remote External equipment health External equipment name plate Name Plate Operation counter Controls Switch position Block opening Block closing Charger motor enable Measures Sum of switched amperes, resetable Status Circuit breaker operating capability Point on wave switching capability Operating capability when fully charged
Class INC INS INS LPL SPS INS DPL LPL INS DPC SPC SPC SPC BCR INS INS INS
Mandatory M M M
M M M M
Pos BlkOpn BlkCls ChaMotEna SumSwARs CBOpCap POWCap MaxOpCap
Attributes: position
29
Each attribute of a DATA consists of a number of Data Attributes, with a Data Attribute Type (DAType) that belong to Functional Constraints (FC)
DATA Pos
Attribute Name Attribute Type Functional Constraint
stVal q t
BOOLEAN Quality TimeStamp Visible String255 BOOLEAN BOOLEAN Quality Visible String64
Status (ST) Description (DC) Substitution (SV)
d subEna subVal subQ subID

Basic Type Common data attribute type
only needed when substitution is possible

LNname PDIF PDIR PDIS PDOP PDUP PFRC PHAR PHIZ PIOC PMRI PMSS POPF PPAM PSCH PSDE PTEF PTOC PTOF PTOV PTRC PTTR PTUC PTUV PTUF PUPF PVOC PVPH PZSU
Logical nodes of the P-group (protection)

Protection Function Differential Direction comparison Distance protection Directional Overpower Directional Underpower Rate of change of frequency Harmonic restraint Ground detector Instantaneous overcurrent Motor restart inhibition Motor starting supervision Over power factor Phase angle measuring Protection scheme Sensitive directional earth fault Transient earth fault Time overcurrent Overfrequency Overvoltage Thermal overload Undercurrent Undervoltage Underfrequency Under power factor Voltage controlled time overcurrent Volt per Hertz Zero speed or underspeed
30
IEEE protection function(s) name 87,87P,87L,87N,87T,87B, 87M, 87G 87B 21 32 32,37,40 81 87T 64 50 49R,66,48,51LR 55 21,85 46,51,60,64R,64S,64W,67,67N,76 81 47,59,59DC,60 49,49R,49S 37 27 55 51V 24 14
Substation Configuration Language: Equipment

name of the circuit breaker
31
<LN inst="1" lnClass="XCBR" lnType="IED670@IEC61850@@@ABBIED670_REV1_SXCBR@1" prefix="S"> <Private type="ABB_FunctionRefs">476621a8-3f95-4a19-9b63-31171ddd62f9</Private> <DOI name="Mod" desc="Mode"> <DAI name="stVal" sAddr="/INC/ST/Enum/+/dchg/Mod/App1.SWITCH_D.1.THIS.0.ModSt,152,29" /> <DAI name="q" sAddr="/INC/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.THIS.0.ModSt,152,100" /> <DAI name="t" sAddr="/INC/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.THIS.0.ModSt,152,32" /> <DAI name="ctlModel" sAddr="/INC/CF/Enum/+/none/ctlModel/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> <DAI name="d" sAddr="/INC/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> </DOI> <DOI name="Health"> <DAI name="stVal" sAddr="/INS/ST/Enum/+/dchg/Health/-1,-1,-1" /> <DAI name="q" sAddr="/INS/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/-1,-1,-1" /> <DAI name="t" sAddr="/INS/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" /> <DAI name="d" sAddr="/INS/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> </DOI> <DOI name="NamPlt"> <DAI name="vendor" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> <DAI name="swRev" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> <DAI name="d" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> <DAI name="configRev" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> </DOI> <DOI name="Loc" desc="Local operation (local means without substation automation communication, hardwired direct control)"> <DAI name="stVal" sAddr="/SPS/ST/BOOLEAN/+/dchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.20.Value,140,13" /> <DAI name="q" sAddr="/SPS/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.20.Value,140,100" /> <DAI name="t" sAddr="/SPS/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.20.Value,140,32" /> <DAI name="d" sAddr="/SPS/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> </DOI> <DOI name="OpCnt" desc="Operation counter"> <DAI name="stVal" sAddr="/INS/ST/INT32/+/dchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.8.Value,33,30" /> <DAI name="q" sAddr="/INS/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.8.Value,33,100" /> <DAI name="t" sAddr="/INS/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.8.Value,33,32" /> <DAI name="d" sAddr="/INS/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> </DOI> <DOI name="Pos" desc="Switch position"> <DAI name="stVal" sAddr="/DPC/ST/Dbpos/+/dchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.21.Value,141,12" /> <DAI name="q" sAddr="/DPC/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.21.Value,141,100" /> <DAI name="t" sAddr="/DPC/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.21.Value,141,32" /> <DAI name="subEna" sAddr="/DPC/SV/BOOLEAN/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.SUB.0.Enable,-1,-1" /> <DAI name="subVal" sAddr="/DPC/SV/Dbpos/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.SUB.0.Value,-1,-1" /> <DAI name="subQ" sAddr="/DPC/SV/Quality/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" /> value <DAI name="subID" sAddr="/DPC/SV/VisString64/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" /> <DAI name="ctlModel" sAddr="/DPC/CF/Enum/+/none/ctlModel/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> quality <DAI name="d" sAddr="/DPC/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /> time stamp </DOI> substituted value <DOI name="BlkOpn" desc="Block opening">
health state
name plate
local/remote operation
number of switching opertions
current breaker position
description
Contents
32
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
Data and electrical topologies
33
01
electrical topology: Single Line Diagram
bay 01
bay
02
bay
03
bay
04
bay
11
bay
12
printer Log
GPS clock
SCADA
Network Control Gateway
switch
station bus
data network topology
IED IED IED
IED IED IED
IED IED IED
IED IED IED
IED IED IED
IED IED IED
bay 01
bay 02
bay 03
bay 04
bay 11
bay 12
the structure of the network reflects the structure of the substation
Station Bus and Process Bus

network control
34
SCADA
Engineering HMI gateway firewall clock
SCADA level
SCADA
HMI
SCADA
Station Bus
(9-2 SV) horizontal traffic (8-1 GOOSE)
Process bus
8-1 GOOSE
IED IED
IED IED
vertical traffic
IED
IED
(MMS)
IED IED IED
IED IED IED
IED IED IED
bay level
process input analogue process interface binary
9-2 SV
PIA
PIB
primary technology
bay
bay
direct wiring
bay
bay
bay
IEC 61850 station bus ring topology (preferred, other exist)

GPS time
35
printer
logger
operator workplace
network control centre remote control
switch S
station bus (ring) = Ethernet

switch 1
switch 2
100Fx (fibre) links

IED IEC IED IED
...
IED IED IED
100Tx (copper) links
IED IED
bay 1
bay 2
bay N
the structure of the network reflects the structure of the substation

HP Color Laserjet Printer Server 1
Substation Automation Network: a real case

Operator's Workstation 1
Oper ator 's Wor kstation 2
36
Engineering Workstation
PTUSK Scope
Global Position to Disturbance Recorder System Central Station Evalution Station
Alarm and Event Printer 1 LA36W Alarm and Event Printer 2 LA36W
132kV FOX Equipment Printer Server 2

11kV analog Ether 132kV analog Input net Input Verbindung zu E4 Telephon Modem
o/e
LAN-Interface to LV SCMS Repeater
11kV Modem 132kV Modem NSK NSK
Redundant Station LAN TCP-IP
GPS Master
Repeater
Front-End Station Computer 1

Service Modem
Front-End Station Computer 2
Fallback Switch
Station Alarm Unit LDCs Interface from Station ComputerIEC870-5-101 2
HP Color
Laser jet
RS232
Station Alarm Unit
Manual Switch
LDCs Interface from Station ComputerIEC870-5-101 1
FO
4 x Star Coupler RER111 including redundant power supply
Fibre optic station bus (LON) in star configuration
Control
Bay control unit REC316*4
Protection
Differential protection RET316*4 SPAJ110C Tertiary Earth fault Prot. Bay control unit REC316*4
Main 2
3Ph and neutral OC SPAJ140C
AVR and tap control T1 type REGSys
BBP/BFP Centr al unit
REB500
Analog alarm unit SACO16A3
Fault Monitoring System Indactic I650
10 x 132kV
Line distance prot. REL316*4
500RIO11 , 16DI
EF and OC SPAJ110C
AVR and tap control T2 type REGSys SACO16A3 R SPAJ110C earth fault
Stand by
Analog alarm unit SACO16A3
Main 1
SACO16A3 R SACO16A3 R SPAU140C
Synchr ocheck
overcurrent Prot.
SPAJ110C Neutral
6 x 500RIO11 DI
4 x 11kV
earth fault Prot.
SPAJ140C neutral
Phase and overcurrent Prot.
AVR and tap control T3 type REGSys SPAJ115CRestricted

earth fault Protection
10 x BBP/BFP Bay unit REB500
SACO64D4Auxiliary alarm unit
SACO64D4Auxiliary alarm unit AVR and tap control T4 type REGSys

Restricted earth fault Protection 1 x 500RIO11 DO
o/e
Siemens 7SD610 fr E19 Verbindung
SPAJ110C
Earth fault overcurrent Prot.
SPAJ115C
SACO64D4Auxiliary alarm unit
1 x spare
11kV Side
Bay control unit Pilot wire diff. prot. (loose delivery) SOLKOR R/Rf. 4 x 132kV Cable Line
B69 berstrom
Bay control unit (loose delivery) (loose delivery) 1 x 132kV Bus Coupler
132kV Side (loose delivery) 4 x 132/11kV Transformer Feeder
SACO64D4 Auxiliary alarm unit Coaxial cable
(loose delivery) Trafo Interlocking AVR & Tap Control 132kV BBP / BFP 132kV Common Alarm FMS Fault Monitoring System
SAS570 Advanced Substation Automation System
Redundant IEC 61850 network

workstation1 workstation2
NCC NCC
37
logger printer
Duo/Duplo
COM
COM
station bus (ring)

IED
IED
IED IED 3rd party
IED
IED
IED
IED
bay (ring)
bay (ring)
bay (star)
Mixing redundant, non-redundant, HASAR and PRP
Substation Configuration Language: communication
38
<Communication> <Subnetwork name="Line1" type="8-MMS" bitrate="100"> <ConnectedAP ieDName="AA3KA3" apName="S1"> <Address> 10.41.24.135 255.255.255.0 </Address> <GSE ldInst="C1" cbName="Interlock" addr="01-0C-CD-01-00-01" mintime="8" maxtime="1024"></GSE> </ConnectedAP> <ConnectedAP ieDName="AA3KA1" apName="S1"> <Address> 10.58.125.232 255.255.255.0 </Address> </ConnectedAP> <ConnectedAP ieDName="AA3KA4" apName="S1"> <Address> 10.41.24.136 255.255.255.0 </Address> <GSE ldInst="C1" cbName="Interlock" addr="01-0C-CD-01-00-01" mintime="8" maxtime="1000"></GSE>
IEC61850-6 specifies the data network topology (with its coordinates), the devices that participate in communication, how they are connected, which are their addresses and which is the data traffic they generate. This information allows to determine at engineering time the traffic load on the network.
Contents
39
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
Three types of communication in IEC 61850

NCC
40
Supervisory Level
SCADA
HMI
Telecontrol Back-Up
GPSa
Event Printers
SCADA
S-bus
Bay Level
Sample Values
IED IED IED
bay
bay
MMS
horizontal communication (IED to IED) IEC 61850-8
Station Bus
IEC 61850
interbay bus
GOOSE
bay
bay
bay
bay
sampled values (IED to IED) IEC 61850-9-2
vertical communication (SCADA to IEDs) IEC 61850-8
IEC 61850: Three protocols stacks
41
ACSI = Application Common Interface
MMS client-server SCADA-IEDs IEC 61850-8-1

GOOSE publisher-subscriber IED-IED IEC 61850-8-1
SV PI-IED 61850-9-2
Ethernet
Details of the stack

1ms
42
application application application

Soft-Time stack
1s
ACSI
Hard Real-Time stack
IEEE 1588
Client/Server services
MMS ISO 9506-1:2003 ACSE ISO/IEC 8649:1996 ISO Session ISO/IEC 8245 ISO Transport RFC 1006
GOOSE
SV
presentation SNTP session

transport network VLAN - priority link layer redundancy physical layer
TCP RFC 793
spanning tree (802.1d) ICMP

x88F7
IP void
PT=0800
x88B8
x88BA
ARP
PT=0806
802.p1 / 802.1Q 802.2

PTID=8100
link redundancy entity (PRP / HSR)
MAC layer
Ethernet A
Ethernet B
Client-Server Protocol (MMS) two modes
43
MMS client
network
MMS server
distance network Request Indication processing
1) Request-Response
Confirmation
Response
asynchronous event
Request Indication time
2) Unsolicited
( IEC 61850-8-1 )
builds on unicast TCP/IPv4
GOOSE: event-driven real-time communication

event
44
T0 T0 (T0) T1 T2, T3
(T0)
T1T1 T2
T3
T0
T0
retransmission in stable conditions (no event for a long time). retransmission in stable conditions may be shortened by an event. shortest retransmission time after the event. retransmission times until achieving the stable conditions time. (the value of these times is an application issue)
Used to transmit to all other bays a state change (e.g. switch closing) Publisher-Subscriber (Source addressed) Uses multicast on layer 2
( IEC 61850-8-1 )
Communication protocols in IEC 61850
45
application ACSI SCADA MMS Goose TCP / IP Ethernet Station Bus
Ethernet TCP / IP IEDs Goose MMS
Ethernet TCP / IP Goose MMS
Ethernet TCP / IP Goose MMS
substation objects
substation objects
substation objects
IEC 61850 uses different stacks for the different kinds of traffic.
Contents
46
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
Substation Configuration Description
47
The Substation Configuration Description (SCD) file according to IEC61850 is the DNA of the substation, defining: substation topology (busbars, feeders, switches,..)
Integrated Engineering Tools
SCD
logical devices and protection functions (overcurrent, .)
NCC
NCC
Computer Printer Timeserver Computer Timeserver
a large XML file(4 MB..12 MB)
data network configuration (IP addresses)
Switch Switch Switch
Switch
1 ControlControlControl IED IED IED

Prot. Prot. IED IED
ControlControlControl IED IED IED Prot. Prot. IED IED
.....
Switch
11 ControlControlControl IED IED IED
...
Prot. IED
...
Prot. IED
.....
Prot. Prot. IED IED
...
Prot. IED
Object Model
48
The IEC 61850 object model is the centerpiece of the standard. It relies on application know-how of the standards group. The model is used for: - system verification (virtual maximum size substation) - engineering of a particular substation - allocation of functions to devices in that substation
- configuration of the real devices (IEDs and SCADA) and real network - testing and debugging
The object model is implemented: -a) in the engineering tools (total substation) -b) in the SCADA (relevant parts of substation) -c) in the devices (only local functions, need-to-know)

IET Substation configuration SCD
Impact of the SCL on the engineering process
49
Single Line Diagram Status and Control
SCADA
Telecontrol COMxxx
ICD
CAP / PCM Tools
interbay bus
IED configuration CID

IED
IED
IED
physical signals
physical signals
physical signals
The use of SCL obliges to adopt a top-down approach in engineering: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Single line diagram Bay description Function description Communication description IED parameters
IET: substation configuration tool
50
IET in used in all projects to produce the single line diagram, attach the IEDs and generate the SCD file
The Synthy idea: simulate devices modeled in IEC 61850

Supervisory Level (SCADA)
LAN Analyzer
51
Integrated Engineering Tools
SCADA
HMI
Telecontrol Station Computer / HMI DB

OPC
GPSa
Event Printers
DataBase
OPC
IEC 61850 Industrial Ethernet
SCD
PCM
bay
bay
bay
bay
bay
bay
Omicron, XS-92
substation objects
1A~, 100V~ 110V=, 24V= RTU
Lower testers
switches and leds
PLCs
script script script
GUI GUI
classic testing
Synthy
Synthy in Factory Acceptance Test
52
before.
SCADA
real IEDs Synthy
after.
Contents
53
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
The main features of IEC 61850
54
- defines interconnection of IEDs based on Ethernet / TCP-IP / MMS
- defines besides TCP/IP a Layer 2 traffic for time-critical data
-defines an object model
-defines application layer semantics for the objects

-defines a substation configuration language
Benefits of IEC 61850
55
The benefit of an IEC61850 device is not in the price of the device: it is in lower cost to use the device. The benefit of an IEC61850 system is not in buying the system: it is in lower costs to engineer and commission the substation system. The cost of an installed device is 7 times the value of the device !
The flexibility provided by the IEC61850/UCA-MMS protocols has the potential for saving millions of dollars in development costs for utilities and manufacturers, since it eliminates the need for protocol converters and lengthy, complex database mapping when integrating devices from different manufacturers. Gustavo Brunello, GE, in Electricity Today, Issue 4, 2003, page 10
Conclusion
56
IEC 61850 is the base for all future developments in substation automation
IEC 61850 is a successful standard in substations, because it put all competitors on an equal footing through the Ethernet / Internet technology.
IEC 61850 defines an application object model that is independent from the communication and ensures long-term investment.
IEC 61850 value resides in the savings in engineering and testing that it allows.
IEC 61850 paved the way for other standards, such as wind mills, hydro and the same principles could be used in any standardized plant. .
Outlook: Spreading to other standards
57
The methods of IEC 61850 have been applied successfully to other domains.
IEC 61400-25 (Wind turbines) IEC61850-90-7 (Inverters for Distributed Energy and Renewable) IEC 61850-90-5 (Synchrophasor transmission) IEC_61850-7-510 (Hydro plants) IEC_61850-7-420 (Distributed Energy and Renewable)
=> Common Information Model (CIM, IEC 61968 / IEC 61970)
Wind turbine objects
58
WindTurbine (WTUR) Logical Node

TMS TMS CTE CTE STV AMV
Turbine Availability Time Turbine Operation Time Number of Turbine Starts Number of Turbine Stops Windturbine Status
Emergency Stop Var SetPoint W SetPoint
BOOL STP STP
Total active Energy generation Windturbine operation command CMD
network every conformant wind turbine must implement these objects !

59

Prof. Dr. Hubert Kirrmann Abbch-Rd: Introduction To The IEC 61850 Electrical Utility Communication Standard

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Prof. Dr. Hubert Kirrmann Abbch-Rd: Introduction To The IEC 61850 Electrical Utility Communication Standard

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2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd, Corporate Research, ABBCH-RD

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220VDC SPANNUNG SYS 1 220VDC SPANNUNG SYS 2

mit Messung und Synchrocheck

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PRFSTECKER Reset AUS 0 SCHUTZ EIN/AUS I

500SCM Tx1 Rx1

500SCM 01 Tx1 Rx1

500SCM 01 Tx1 Rx1

-X1 SYNCHRO NISIERUNG HAND AUS SCHUTZ EIN/AUS

2 x 220/24V DC/DC SPANNUNG SVERSO RG UNG

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M =QB2 =QC1 =BU1 =BU2 M

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