Trade union is an organization created to improve conditions in the workplace.

Whether the issue is wages, sick time, or medical benefits, trade unions negotiate with employers on behalf of union members. When employees and employers are unable to reach an agreement, trade union leadership works with employers to negotiate a compromise. Regardless of the outcome, all members of the trade union must follow the agreed upon solution.

History

The first recognized trade union in the United States was the National Labor Union. Created in 1866, the National Labor Union included a wide selection of workers, but it disbanded after no significant accomplishments. In the 1860s, the Knights of Labor union fought against hard labor for children and for a shortened workday. Since their inception, trade unions have banded together workers from many industries to improve working conditions. Function

Trade unions work to improve the work environment and salaries of union members. The leaders of the trade union negotiate with employers on behalf of the entire union for wage increases, more vacation time, better working hours and benefits. Any decisions agreed upon by the union leadership and employers are binding on all union members. However, trade unions meet regularly to discuss complaints and concerns, as well as to vote on these decisions prior to negotiations. If negotiations stall, many trade unions reserve the right to strike. Features

Trade unions usually include workers from a particular industry, such as steel workers, or a particular agency such as state or local government. In addition, many trade unions have minimum requirements all members must meet before official membership is extended. For example, many labor unions require members to have licensure or certification to gain membership, whereas others require members to pay dues. Trade unions include both blue-collar workers as well as business professionals. Because trade unions are so diverse in membership and industry, the features and qualifications vary greatly. Effects

From the earliest days, trade unions have helped workers unite to improve wages and working conditions. By negotiating for a shorter work week and improving the work environment, trade unions have helped improve the health of many factory workers. On the other side, trade unions have also affected employment rates in many industries. The cost of doing business with unions has often been cited as one reason for outsourcing jobs to other countries. Trade union partnerships become costly for corporations, and outsourcing provides cheaper labor and therefore, higher profits.

Considerations

In addition to working together to improve working conditions, wages, and salaries, trade unions often engage in political activism. When legislation is debated, trade unions send representatives to try and influence an outcome favorable to them. Additionally, trade unions work on behalf of political candidates they view as sympathetic to their causes and interests. Although the ultimate goal of trade unions is to provide members with the best possible working conditions and wages, this goal includes political activity as well.

A trade union (British English), labour union (Canadian English) or labor union (American English) is an organization of workers that have banded together to achieve common goals such as higher pay, increasing the number employees an employer hires, and better working conditions. The trade union, through its leadership, bargains with the employer on behalf of union members (rank and file members) and negotiates labour contracts (collective bargaining) with employers. The most common, but by no means only, purpose of these organisations is "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment".[1]

This may include the negotiation of wages, work rules, complaint procedures, rules governing hiring, firing and promotion of workers, benefits, workplace safety and policies. The agreements negotiated by the union leaders are binding on the rank and file members and the employer and in some cases on other non-member workers.

Originating in Europe, trade unions became popular in many countries during the Industrial Revolution, when the lack of skill necessary to perform most jobs shifted employment bargaining power almost completely to the employers' side, causing many workers to be mistreated and underpaid. Trade union organisations may be composed of individual workers, professionals, past workers, students, apprentices and/or the unemployed.

Over the last three hundred years, trade unions have developed into a number of forms. Aside from collective bargaining, activities vary, but may include: Provision of benefits to members: Early trade unions, like Friendly Societies, often provided a range of benefits to insure members against unemployment, ill health, old age and funeral expenses. In many developed countries, these functions have been assumed by the state; however, the provision of professional training, legal advice and representation for members is still an important benefit of trade union membership. Industrial action: Trade unions may enforce strikes or resistance to lockouts in furtherance of particular goals. Political activity: Trade unions may promote legislation favourable to the interests of their members or workers as a whole. To this end they may pursue campaigns, undertake lobbying, or financially support individual candidates or parties (such as the Labour Party in Britain) for public office. In some countries (e.g., the Nordic countries and the Philippines), trade unions may be invited to participate in government hearings about educational or other labour market reforms.