ASSIGNMENT-I QUESTION 1: Role of Management in Any Organization with One Example?

ANSWER:
1. INTRODUCTION: Management is the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively. Management comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal. Resourcing encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources and natural resources. Since organizations can be viewed as systems, management can also be defined as human action, including design, to facilitate the production of useful outcomes from a system. This view opens the opportunity to 'manage' oneself, a pre-requisite to attempting to manage others. 2. MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS - THE FOUR FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT: Any organization, whether new or old, whether small or big, needs to run smoothly and achieve the goals and objectives, which it has set forth for itself. For this to happen, they must develop and implement their own management concepts. There are basically four management concepts that allow any organization to take control of its destiny. These four concepts of management, translated into functions lead to the creation of a cohesive organization, which smoothly achieves its objectives. The four functions of management are: The base function is to: Plan It is the foundation pillar of management. It is the base upon which the all other areas of management are built. Planning requires administration to assess where the company presently is and where it would be in the upcoming years. From there, an appropriate course of action is determined and implemented to attain the company's goals and objectives. Planning is an unending course of action. There may be sudden strategies, required to be implemented, when facing a crisis. There are external factors that constantly affect a company, both positively and negatively. Depending on the conditions, a company may have to alter its course of action in accomplishing certain goals. This kind of preparation or arrangement is known as strategic planning. In strategic planning, management analyzes internal and external factors, which may affect the company, its objectives and goals.

 The subsequent function is to: Organize The second function of the management is getting prepared and getting organized. Management must organize all its resources beforehand, to put into practice, the course of action, which has been decided upon in the base function of planning. Through this process, management will now determine the inside directorial configuration; establish and maintain relationships and also assign required resources. While determining the inside directorial configuration, management ought to look at the different divisions or departments. They must also ensure the harmonization of staff, and try to find out the best way to handle the important tasks and reduce unnecessary expenditure within the company. Management determines the division of work according to its need. It also has to decide for suitable departments to hand over authority and responsibilities. The third function is to: Lead/Direct Directing or leading is the third function of management. Working under this function helps the management in controlling and supervising the actions of staff. This helps them in assisting the staff, to achieve the company's goals and also accomplish their personal or career goals, which can be powered by motivation, communication, department dynamics, and department leadership. The employees, who are highly encouraged and motivated, generally surpass expectations in their job performance and also play an important role in achieving the company's goal. It is very important to maintain a productive working environment, build positive interpersonal relationships and engage in problem solving. This can only be done effectively, with proper communication. Understanding the communication process and working on areas that need improvement, helps managers become more effective communicators. The final function is to: Control Control - the last of four functions of management, includes establishing performance standards, which are aligned to the company's objectives. It also involves evaluation and reporting of actual job performance. When these points are studied by the management, it is necessary to compare both these things. This study or comparison leads to further corrective and preventive actions. In an effort to solve performance problems, management should set high standards. They should clearly speak to the employee or department which has a problem. The controlling processes, in comparison with other three, are a continuous process. With this function, management can anticipate any future problems. It helps them in taking necessary preventive measures, against the consequences. Management can also recognize any further developing problems that need corrective actions.