Pollination The Pollination Process 1. The anther split open when they are ripe. 2.

This will release _____________. 3. The transfer of the pollen from the __________ of a flower to the ___________ is called _____________________. 4. During pollination, pollen will stick to the __________ of the pistil. 5. The stigma is joined to the ____________. 6. The ovary surrounds and protect the ___________. 7. Inside the ovule is the _____________ (______________). Types of Pollination Cross-Pollination 1. In cross-pollination, ____________________________________________________ _____________ on a different plant. 2. It is done effectively by insects. 3. Insects visit flowers to collect nectar and pollen for food. While the insect is collecting nectar and pollen, its hairy body rub against the pollen grains. The pollen grains stick to the body of the insect. 4. When the insect visits another flower, the pollen grains are transfered to the stigma of the second flower. Self-Pollination 1. In self-pollination, __________________________________________________. 2. Pollination is more certain to occur in such bisexual flowers(lily,roses) because the stamens and the pistils mature at the same time. Difference between self-pollination and cross-pollination Self-Pollination Cross-Pollination

Agents of Pollination Insect-Pollinated flowers - pollen grains are - produce __________ to attract insects - The flowers are in _________

Wind-Pollinated Flowers -The _______________ and loosely attached to the ______________. - _________________ are light and produced in very ________________. The stigmas are ______________. Cross-Pollination in Agriculture - man transfer pollen from one flower to the stigmas of other flowers. - They remove the anthers of the young flowers and cover these flowers with plastic bags. - They used these pollen grains to pollinate flowers of plants which have the desired characteristics. FERTILIZATION IN PLANTS

1. Fertilization involves 2. When a _____________ reaches the ___________ of a flower, it will start to ______________. 3. Each pollen grain will grow a _______________ to reach the __________. 4. As it grows, the pollen tubes carries the male gametes along with it. 5. When it reaches the __________, the male gamete fuses with the female gametes in the ___________. This process is called __________________. 6. The fertilized egg cell grows into an ______________. FRUITS AND SEEDS

1. After fertilization the petals fall off. 2. The fertilized egg grows into an embryo. 3. The _________ will form a ___________. 4. Each seed will be made up of a) b) c) 5. The ________ forms the _________ whose function is to protect the seeds. GERMINATION OF SEEDS Structure of a Seed

1. Seeds can roughly divided into 2 types Monocotyledonous Seed Dicotyledonous Seed 2. The cotyledons are below the testa and it contains food for the embryo. 3. The tiny embryo can be found between the two thick cotyledons. The embryo contains 2 parts, the _____________ and the ________________.

GERMINATION

Conditions Required for the Germination of Seeds -