Grammar points 3

A. Current activities Present continuous

I YOU HE SHE IT WE YOU THEY AM ARE IS IS IS ARE ARE ARE

VERB + ING

Questions Are you cleaning your house today? >> Yes, I am / No, Im not Is your sister watching a horror film? >> Yes, she is / No, she isnt Affirmative sentences Youre cleaning your house today Your sisters watching a horror film Negative sentences Youre NOT cleaning your house today Your sisters NOT watching a horror film

Examples * Are they listening to music? >> Yes, they are / No they arent * Theyre listening to music * Theyre NOT listening to music * Am I helping you? >> Yes, you are / No, you arent * Im helping you * Im NOT helping you * Is it raining hard? >> Yes, it is / No, it isnt
* Its raining hard * Its NOT raining hard * Are Patty and you studying for the exam? >> Yes, we are / No, we arent * Patty and you are studying for the exam * Patty and you arent studying for the exam * Is the teacher checking up the homework? >> Yes, he is / No, he isnt * The teacher is checking up the homework * The teacher isnt checking up the homework

B. Countable and uncountable nouns Countable They may be SINGULAR or PLURAL. They may be counted using numbers. Examples: pencil, mouse, calendar, poster, house, lamp, orange, CDs, bags, brushes, windows, markers, students, lawyers Uncountable They are always SINGULAR. They may not be counted using numbers. Examples: coffee, meat, milk, flour, chocolate, bread, water, oxigen, sand

C. There is / there are Singular (countable and uncountable nouns)

Questions Is there a calendar on the desk? >> Yes, there is / No, there isnt Is there (ANY) coffee in the cup? >> Yes, there is / No, there isnt Affirmative Theres a calendar on the desk There is (SOME, a little, 80 cc of) coffee in the cup Negative There isnt a calendar on the desk There is (ANY) coffee in the cup

Plural (countable nouns)

Questions Are there ANY calendars on the desk? >> Yes, there are / No, there arent Are there ANY trucks in the garage? >> Yes, there are / No, there arent Affirmative There are (SOME, 2, 3, several) calendars on the desk There are (SOME, 2, 3, several) trucks in the garaje Negative There isnt a calendar on the desk There are (ANY, 2, 3, several) trucks in the garaje

D. The use of A/AN, SOME, ANY A/AN >> For singular countable nouns: Questions, affirmative and negative sentences Ex: Is there A laptop on the shelf?, Theres A bird in the tree, There isnt AN eraser on the book SOME >> For uncountable nouns: affirmative sentences Ex: There are SOME students in class, There are SOME chairs in the room, There are SOME pencils >> For countable nouns: affirmative sentences Ex: There is SOME milk in the glass, There is SOME water in the bottle, There is SOME juice here ANY >> For plural countable nouns: questions and negative sentences Ex: Are there ANY pencils in the cup?, There arent ANY girls in our course >> For uncountable nouns: questions and negative sentences Ex: Is there ANY meat in the fridge, There isnt ANY ice cream in the dish

E. Prepositions of place IN ON AT BESIDE NEXT TO IN FRONT OF - OPPOSITE BEHIND BETWEEN OVER UNDER ABOVE BELOW NEAR BY AROUND ACROSS Questions to ask about the place + Wheres the jacket? >> Its ON the sof >> Its BEHIND the door >> Its BETWEEN the chair and the bed + Where are the keys? >> Theyre NEXT TO the wallet >> Theyre IN the drawer >> Theyre IN FRONT OF the book