WIND - URBAN REGENERATION

L u c y H a y e s - S t e v e n s o n

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The proposal is a mixed-used urban renewal project. It evolved from a material investigation into the properties of local wind conditions, with a particular focus on the use of shelterbelts to mitigate and reduce wind. Initial design investigations into different levels of porosity were studied to see how they affected air flow. Of particular interest, was the contrast between high wind and low wind areas and the affect these have on human perception. These study informed the building concept, which is to create a building that operates similar to as a shelterbelt for the city. This is done through: locating the separate buildings on the site in a linear fashion yet oriented to mitigate the predominant winds; shaping each of the buildings to direct wind away from public areas; and selecting materials to allow for a comfortable natural air flow.

The site for the proposal is Poplar Lane and the surrounding block. Site connections and circulation through the site formed the basis for the initial massing. The first massing concept left a negative space where there were circulation routes. This was then inverted to allow the built form to occupy the circulation routes and direct wind through the site.

Programmatically the intention is to integrate public and private and look at the threshold between these different programs. In order to do this the planning of the buildings is focused on enhancing connections between public and private. The idea of porosity was also incorporated into the thresholds between these spaces with permeable surfaces that allow light, noise and smells to filter through.

It is also important to respect the heritage of Poplar Lane; this was done by patterning the rain screen in a manner that was sympathetic to the brick buildings that used to occupy the site.

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I nt ro d uc t i o n

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 RESEARCH 2.0 MATERIAL INVESTIGATION 3.0 SITE AND PROGRAM 4.0 CONCEPT DESIGN 5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN + CONCEPT 6.0 CIRCULATION AND PERCEPTION 7.0 MATERIALITY 8.0 FINIALISED PROGRAM 9.0 FINIALISED CIRCULATION 10.0 FINALIZED PROGRAM 11.0 INTERIOR ENVIRONMENT 12.0 STRUCTURE 13.0 DETAILING P4 P9 P17 P21 P31 P36 P37 P38 P39 P40 P41 P42 P43

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t ab le o f co nte nt s

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1.0 research

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1.0 p o llu t io n g e n e ral

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1.0 p o llu t io n e m issio n s

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1 .0 p o llut i o n and t y p o grap hy

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1.0 pollu t io n an d t yp o lo g y

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2.0 mater i al i nvesti gati on

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2 .0 p e rce p t i o n and wi nd f low

porous//
adjective (of a rock or other material) having minute interstices through which liquid or air may pass: layers of porous limestones Derivatives porosity noun shelterbelts porosity studies tree christchurch canterbury plains

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shelterbelt noun a line of trees or shrubs planted to protect an area, especially a field of crops, from fierce weather.

macroscale

traits
- POROSITY - Ideally 50%, to slow the wind, not stop it altogether. - HEIGHT - Preferably as tall as the situation allows. Deciduous trees can provide excellent shade little shading in winter. - SPECIES - A mix of deciduous trees and native evergreens has the benefit of the ideal 50% porosity. - SPACING - Single row shelter 1.2 to 1.5m apart. Multiple rows and timber belts 1.8 to 2.5m.

and shelter, with

mesoscale

shelterbelts effect on wind

shelter belts redirect the wind by causing a change in pressure. this means it will slow the wind down by changing the direction of some of the volume of wind.

synopsis
Through the principals of shelterbelts discover traits through veils and boundaries in which to harness the wind in the built environment. Through which it will enhance the perception of space and the engagement of its occupants. Shelterbelts are used to protect from soil erosion, Christchurch winds, provided an uncomfortable social environment bringing the basis of a shelterbelt forward into the built environment is an appropriate approach in which to make Christchurch a more comfortable climate. I want to seek ways in which to harness the wind and makes its occupants unconsciously aware of its presence. This investigation of levels of porositys in combination with surfaces should bring fourth a language in which to execute this.

microscale

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2 . 0 ve i ls i nve s t i gat i o n

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layers of porosity - veils

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2 . 0 ve i ls i nve s t i gat i o n

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reaction of wind on surfaces - controllable traits.

disperse.

wrap.

pressure.

distort.

reflect.

retract.

harness.

split.

refine.

defer.

consistent.

block.

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2 . 0 ve i ls analys i s

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extrusion of veils. to laterally test boundaries and porosity of forms from the extrusion of the above veils. Moving from vertical to horizontal , to study the contrast of impervious surfaces, versus complete porous surfaces. Capturing the impact of wind on these and physically illustrating the difference in pressures that occur. anaylsis- macroscale

macroscale

mesoscale

microscale

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2 . 0 p o ro s i t y m as s i ng

anaylsis- mesoscale

anaylsis- microscale

analysed traits

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funnel.

follow.

bounce.

trap.

shape.

circulate.

morph.

linger.

direct.

rise.

drop.

transfer.

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2 . 0 m as s i ng analys i s

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controlling pressures - veils as mass (a prototype study) creating thresholds. mass veils study - pressure.

from the above analysis , the combinations of veils as a mass will reduce high pressure zones, and therefore a more inhabitable environment. These masses and veils can be designed to incorporate the analysed traits as needed. By increasing the porosity a denser air will prevail, by having an average of 50% coverage a neutral environment will be obtained. Therefore by treating a mass as a veil, the air pressure should be able to be controlled.

microscale anaylsis

pressure concentration

extrusion of multiple porous surfaces pressure build up against solid boundary

porous mass

multiple porosity

pressure dispersion through veils

top plane to be sliced.

single threshold layer

double threshold layer

mass , porous volume sliced to form different thresholds, where wind can become isolated and controlled in different environments. Taken from the bulk studies and how the pressure built up as opposed to the dispersion through layers. A porous mass could be put in place to create a more consistent airflow.
through a combination of mass and the veil forms further control of wind can be obtained. creating thresholds of different environments.

Porosity can be controlled to create areas of high and low pressure. Less porous where you want to contain the air and more porous where you want a more neutral environment.

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2 . 0 ve i ls m as s

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3.0 si te and program

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3 . 0 s i te

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3 . 0 p ro gram

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convention centre

manchestor street

mixed - use

design school

100

200

madras street
300

poplar lane

400

500

GROUP SITE

total site coverage: 15,000sqm INDIVIDUAL SITE

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3 . 0 te am s i te

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4 .0 co n ce p t de s i gn

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north

north

north-east

east north-east south-west

south-east

east

west south

south-west

south-east

north-west

west

north-west

south

4.0 site and windflow initial site analysis

The wind was tested on site with all that remains. It illustrates quite linear patterns. As there is no built mass to control and change these.

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language to demonstrate

intersec t disperse wrap pressure distor t reflec t retrac t har ness split refine refer consistent block funnel follow bounce trap shape circulate mor ph linger direc t r ise drop transfe r

VEILS

NW

SW

NE

planar studies

To start to see my language coming though on site I placed the veils from the material investigation to watch the reactions and to gain an understanding of how the wind relates to my particular site.

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4.0 veils + site

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VEILS

NW

SW

NE

planar studies

4.0 veils+ site

through these studies I start to see a relationship with my earlier material investigation studies. As the language starts to come through on site. Here we start to see the bases of the control of windflow on site.

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VEILS

NW

SW

NE

planar studies

by adding multiple smaller elements, the reactions become more interesting. This illustrates how to thread the wind through the site.

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study 002 - veils + site

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NW

SW

NE

sectional studies

These veils can protect its surrounding context from windflow and by having a smaller density at the top it would have less impact on the on the built environment by allowing for more consistency in wind penetration.

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study 003 - veils + clusters+section

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site

north south connection

strongest edge

activation of edges

east west connection

flow - cross conections

tertiary linkages across site

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4.0 - massing and context

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existing

tertiary linkages

core

SITE

CONNECTIVITY

BOUNDARY

WIND FLOW

massing and windflow

the boundaries were manipulated for wind to access and be control by its built environment, going from open to enclosed to dictate the wind pressure.

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4.0 massing and windflow

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cafes

one b/r apartments

thresholds

p u b lic

pr ivate

restaurants

public recreational

retail

two be/r apartments

private recreational

offices

bars

three b/r apartments

cafes

offices

one b/r apartments

merging thresholds

pu bl i c

pr ivate

restauraunts

public recreational private recreational retail

two b/r apartments

bars

three b/r apartments

program + wind speed high circulation public recreational private recreational

bars restauraunts cafes retail offices

low

apartments

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6.0 program and windflow

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micro

macro

ground

interplay of public and private

first

second

bars restaurants cafes retail offices macro third apartments

program

A merging of public and private space allowed for a fluidity in form. Where the social anchors are spread and a mixture of use allows for full activation.

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6.0 -program

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layers of long and thin tapering forms - shelterbelt to city, allowing airflow through to reduce impact of wind, in its site and its greater context

SITE MASS

the mass has came about via the control at ground level in order to have a higher wind pressure in circulation routes and the height acting as a shelter belt to the city. The tapered forms lessen the harsh impact on wind against the built environment.

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5.0 environmental + massing

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WIND DIRECTION + SITE MASS

WIND MITIGATION

Wind has been used as a tool to subconsciously guide the public through the site. Executed by creating areas of high and low pressure. The below images show how the design acts as a protector to its surrounding context, as well as the mitigation of airflow.

SHELTERBELT

the appropriate site coverage and height provide efficient wind manipulation. The above images show the reactions of the wind against the forms and how its responds to create shelter.

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5.0 environmental

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permeable facade for light and airflow

form to manipulate and control windflow to encourage circulation and penetration into building. air dispersed through - controlling airflow

air trap to act as a thermal buffer

WIND PENETRATION

A permeable facade allows for a control of penetration into the building. Where we gain more control via the porosity of the mass. This can be dictated by the program.

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5.0 - wind augmentation

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bars restaurants cafes retail offices apartments

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double layer skin for wind dispersion

porous wall to allow for merging spaces via noise, smell and sight.

services/ kitchens become structure mimicking the form of the building.

patron walks through intermediate threshold

porous wall allows for spaces to merge and the engagement of senses.

service core

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6.0 program and perception

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the scale of my concept is above the height guidelines for the rebuild. This is because I see my building as being a protector for its block and surrounding context. By not being a complete solid this will penetrate the wind and therefore minimise the impact of wind.

circulation sectioned out to allow for wind to pass. Reducing the impact of wind on its environment. And elevating the perception of spaces. airy to calm. / public to private.

circulation

the cores open up onto and exposed corridor, where wind penetrations acting as a threshold between public and private and engaging the buildings occupants.

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6.0 circulation + perception

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A double skinned facade. Outer layer a porous rain screen of which opening will be depicted as a way to control light and views from the buildings. This layer will have the largest openings for the circulation routes - and only a single layer will be in this part. The structure will be in the core as a way of circulation and to also provide space for the open plan joint ground and first floor. The materials and forms will continue into the interior.

The screen will be a sheet metal computer generated screen where openings are formed and the facade is created by different sized openings in a panelling system.

This screen is the most suited I feel to my concept. I will have it continuous and minimal structure showing as possible.

steel structure

concrete and glazing

high reflective white steel rain screen

materiality

The rain screen allows for a control of light and air into the building the patterning has been dictated by the interior and where light is needed to penetrate. The buildings materiality is consistent from interior and exterior. The steel structure supports the glazing and concrete panels. The rain screen creates a 600mm cavity of which acts as an intermediate threshold for the buildings occupants.

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7.0 materiality

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apartments

offices

commercial

SPATIAL LAYOUT - BLOCK

the spatial layout of the block was done in order to enhance and activate all edges.

APARTMENTS

OFFICES

COMMERCIAL

SPATIAL LAYOUT - BUILDING

Further development into spatial layout came with a focus on a single tower.

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8.0 finalised program

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Tourist resident worker public

Local Student

circulation + wind relationship.

CIRCULATION

The circulation through the site came from an urban analysis, and its current context. The site becomes an manipulation of these allowing for wind to be directed and for the connection with the senses to guide. The independent buildings circulation is through two internal cores in which open up to an exposed corridor.

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9.0 finalised circulation

retail retail
w/c bar w/c

040

kitchen

w/c prep/wash

restauraunt cafe

restaurant

cafe office

apartments apartments

offices

PROGRAM - 1:500

the programmatic layout was done in a way in which to connect otherwise unconnected spaces. A porous wall between spaces allows for a porosity between space. Allowing for a merging of spaces and an immediate engagement by its occupants and simultaneously a continuously changing and adaptable environment.

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10.0 finalised program

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exposed circulation route

commercial

office

apartment

INTERIOR ENVIRONMENT

The interior is very much a continuation of the exterior, the base materials being concrete and the steel screen. Vertical glazing allows for the screen to emit light into the interior. Ventilation is executed as the porosity of the screen controls the amount of wind to penetrate. Whilst the interior becomes a continually changing environment.

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11.0 interior environment

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high gloss coated white steel facade

tinted concrete and glazed panelled exterior

perspectives + spatial relationship / user experience

steel structure consisting of 400mm deep perimeter beams supporting slanted rhs columns

1000 2000 3000

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12.0 structure

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high gloss white sheet metal rhs for fixing perimeter I beam, with fire protective spray supporting strut secondary beam primary beam 600mm cavity c section suspended ceiling 5 1 2 3 4

6 7

floor structure

composite metal decking flooring concrete panels

8 9

steel backing 10

5 4 6 2 10 1

COLUMN/ PERIMETER BEAM CONNECTION

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13.0 detailing

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