Cantilever Method of Calculation of Shear, Axial forces in Column and Calculation of deflection-Sap2000

Contents
Problem Statement ....................................................................................................................................... 3
Data ........................................................................................................................................................... 3
Solution ......................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.

Calculate the moment and shear in each of the bottom story columns using cantilever method. ..... 4
Solution ..................................................................................................................................................... 4

2.

Calculate story drift and deflection at each story and deflection at the top........................................ 5
Location of Center of Gravity .................................................................................................................... 5
Moment of Inertia of Columns about neutral axis ................................................................................... 5
Moment of Inertia of Column ................................................................................................................... 5
...................................................................................................................................................... 5
...................................................................................................................................................... 5
...................................................................................................................................................... 5
...................................................................................................................................................... 6
...................................................................................................................................................... 6
Deflection due to Column Rotation .......................................................................................................... 6
Moment of Inertia of Beam ...................................................................................................................... 6
Deflection due to Beam Rotation ............................................................................................................. 6
Cantilever Deflection ................................................................................................................................ 6

3.

Equivalent Cantilever method .............................................................................................................. 7

Moment of Inertia of Columns about neutral axis ................................................................................... 7
Equivalent Cantilever Representing Frame .............................................................................................. 7

4.

Analysis in SAP2000 .............................................................................................................................. 9

Beam Dimensions ..................................................................................................................................... 9
Zone 1 - Sap2000 Inputs ........................................................................................................................... 9
Zone 2 - Sap2000 Inputs ........................................................................................................................... 9
Zone 3 - Sap2000 Inputs ........................................................................................................................... 9
Zone 4 - Sap2000 Inputs ........................................................................................................................... 9
Zone 5 - Sap2000 Inputs ......................................................................................................................... 10
Zone 1 Beams and Colums .................................................................................................................. 10

Cantilever Method of Calculation of Shear, Axial forces in Column and Calculation of deflection-Sap2000
Zone 2 Beams and Colums .................................................................................................................. 11
Zone 3 Beams and Colums .................................................................................................................. 11
Zone 4 Beams and Colums .................................................................................................................. 11
Zone 5 Beams and Colums .................................................................................................................. 12
Deformed shape and Maximum deflection ............................................................................................ 12

Cantilever Method of Calculation of Shear, Axial forces in Column and Calculation of deflection-Sap2000

Problem Statement
For the 50-story rigid RC frame building with
variable column sections (changes at every 10
stories) along the height as shown in Fig:
(1) Calculate the moment and shear in each of
the bottom story columns using cantilever
method.
(2) Calculate story drift and deflection at each
story and deflection at the top.

Data
Column area A = 300 mm x 300 mm (all columns
are square)
All beams are 300 mm wide and 400 mm deep,
E = 25000MPa.
Stories are 4 m high.
(3) Find also the deflection at the top of the building using Equivalent Frame method and
with a computer model using SAP.
Compare deflection at the top using all three methods.

My serial No. = 33
Total No. of Stories = 50 + 33 = 83
Storey Height = 4m
Total Height = 83 x 4 = 332 m
Wind Load = 40 kN/m
Shear floor = 40 x 4 = 160 kN / floor
Roof = 80 kN on Roof
Column Area A = 300 mm x 300 mm = 3

Cantilever Method of Calculation of Shear, Axial forces in Column and Calculation of deflection-Sap2000

Solution
1. Calculate the moment and shear in each of the bottom story
columns using cantilever method.
Solution
14
14

(14)

4
14

14
14

1
11
(1)
(11)
14
14
8 332 16 328 16 324
16 3 8 16 3 4 16 3
(4)

(14)

(14)

4
14

1
14

(4)

(1 143)

16
11
14

(1)

714)

32

(11)

(8 643)

16 316
16 4

16

312

2178 8
2178 8

91297 313

14
14

80 kN

1 91297 313

91297 313

4m
160 kN

4
14

2
91297 313
7

1
14

1
91297 313
14

11
14

3
91297 313
7

26 84 95

6521 24

71733 6

160 kN @ each floor on 82 Floors

4m
160 kN
4m
160 kN
4m
160 kN
4m
160 kN
4m
160 kN
4m
160 kN
66
264

924 2 36

4m

17

67
1m

396 1 1
11m

14m

Cantilever Method of Calculation of Shear, Axial forces in Column and Calculation of deflection-Sap2000

2. Calculate story drift and deflection at each story and deflection at

the top.
Location of Center of Gravity
5 3 1
7 5 3 15
5 3
75 3
75
14

7 5 3 25
3
5 3

Moment of Inertia of Columns about neutral axis

14
3 4
15 3 1
1 5 3 11
35 55
2 3 14
2 3 4
3 3 1
3 3 11
71 1
( )
3 3 14
3 3 4
45 3 1
4 5 3 11
1 6 65
)
4 3 14
4 3 4
6 3 1
6 3 11
142 2
( )
5 3 14
5 3 4
75 3 1
7 5 3 11
177 75
)
( )

Moment of Inertia of Column

Column area A = 300 mm x 300 mm
3 3
6 75 1
12
Column area A = 1.5 x 300 mm x 300 mm = 0.135m2
367 367
1 52 1
12
2 6 75 1
2 1 52 1

4 39 1

Column area A = 2x 300 mm x 300 mm = 0.18 m2

424 424
27 1
12
2
Column area A = 3 x 300 mm x 300 mm = 0.27m
519 519
6 75 1
12
2 27 1
2 6 75 1

1755

Column area A = 3x 300 mm x 300 mm = 0.27 m2

519 519
6 75 1
12
2
Column area A = 4.5 x 300 mm x 300 mm = 0.405m
636 636
13669
12
2 6 75 1
2
13669

3949

Cantilever Method of Calculation of Shear, Axial forces in Column and Calculation of deflection-Sap2000

Column area A = 4x 300 mm x 300 mm = 0.36 m2

6 6
12
Column area A = 6 x 300 mm x 300 mm = 0.54m2
735 735
12
2
1 8 2

1 8
243
243

7 2

Column area A = 5x 300 mm x 300 mm = 0.45 m2

671 671
16875
12
2
Column area A = 7.5 x 300 mm x 300 mm = 0.675 m
822 822
3797
12
2
16875 2
3797
1 969

Deflection due to Column Rotation

12
For complete calculations throughout the height of the building for

see excel sheet:

Moment of Inertia of Beam

All beams are 300 mm wide and 400 mm deep,
3 4
15 1
12
15 1
15 1
15 1
6 1
1
5
1
This will be same throughout the stories of the building as the beams are same throughout the
building.

Deflection due to Beam Rotation

12
For complete calculations throughout the height of the building for

see excel sheet:

Cantilever Deflection

Cantilever Method of Calculation of Shear, Axial forces in Column and Calculation of deflection-Sap2000

3. Equivalent Cantilever method

Moment of Inertia of Columns about neutral axis
14
3 4
15 3 1
1 5 3 11
35 55
2 3 14
2 3 4
3 3 1
3 3 11
71 1
( )
3 3 14
3 3 4
45 3 1
4 5 3 11
1 6 65
)
4 3 14
4 3 4
6 3 1
6 3 11
142 2
( )
5 3 14
5 3 4
75 3 1
7 5 3 11
177 75
)
( )

Equivalent Cantilever Representing Frame

76

64

29 9 4
71 1 4
3958 65

64

1 6 65 4

4242 2

64

142 2 4
4351 24

64

35 55 4

177 75 4

44 3 64

3
1
(
(

1
( ( ))

Cantilever Method of Calculation of Shear, Axial forces in Column and Calculation of deflection-Sap2000

3
4 (

2 9 94 1

1
4 39 1
4
3
1
1755
4

4 (

1
6 1

1
6 1

1
7 2
4
3

4 (

1
4 ( 1 969
4

3 95865 1

3958 65

4 2422 1

4242 2

4 35124 1

4351 24

1
3949
4
3

4 (

29 9 4

1
1

1
6 1

)
4 4 36489 1

1
6 1

44 3 6489

8
Average Cumulative Wind Shear Value V = 6640 kN
35 55

71 11

1 6 65

142 2

177 75

5
64(

29 94

395865

4
8 25

42422
332
398859

332
1 6 652
22 783

1 6 652

435124)

664
4 25

76(

44 3649)

332
398859

55 2697

Cantilever Method of Calculation of Shear, Axial forces in Column and Calculation of deflection-Sap2000

4. Analysis in SAP2000
Following dimensions of beams and columns are taken while analysing the 2d Frame in
SAP2000

Beam Dimensions
Beam depth = 400 mm
Beam width = 300 mm
Area of all beams = 0.12 m2

Zone 1 - Sap2000 Inputs

Number of Stories =19
Columns

Column
2

Area (m )
Dimension (m)

C1

C2

C3

C4

0.09
0.3

0.09
0.3

0.135
0.36742

0.135
0.36742

C1

C2

C3

C4

0.18
0.424264

0.18
0.424264

0.27
0.51962

0.27
0.51962

C1

C2

C3

C4

0.27
0.51962

0.27
0.51962

0.405
0.63639

0.405
0.63639

C1

C2

C3

C4

0.35
0.5916

0.36
0.5916

0.54
0.73485

0.54
0.73485

Zone 2 - Sap2000 Inputs

Number of Stories =16
Columns

Column
Area (m2)
Dimension (m)

Zone 3 - Sap2000 Inputs

Number of Stories =16
Area of Columns

Column
2

Area (m )
Dimension (m)

Zone 4 - Sap2000 Inputs

Number of Stories =16
Area of Columns

Column
2

Area (m )
Dimension (m)

Cantilever Method of Calculation of Shear, Axial forces in Column and Calculation of deflection-Sap2000

Zone 5 - Sap2000 Inputs

Number of Stories =16
Area of Columns

Column
2

Area (m )
Dimension (m)

C1

C2

C3

C4

0.45
0.67082

0.45
0.67082

0.675
0.82158

0.675
0.82158

Zone 1 Beams and Colums

10

Cantilever Method of Calculation of Shear, Axial forces in Column and Calculation of deflection-Sap2000

Zone 2 Beams and Colums

Zone 3 Beams and Colums

Zone 4 Beams and Colums

11

Cantilever Method of Calculation of Shear, Axial forces in Column and Calculation of deflection-Sap2000

Zone 5 Beams and Colums

Deformed shape and Maximum deflection

12