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Pre-dental Jaw Relationship Oral Physiology and Occlusion Report Centro Escolar University School of Dentistry Mendiola,Manila

PRE-DENTAL JAW RELATIONSHIP


Oral Physiology and Occlusion Report

Submitted to: Dr. Girly Nunag

Submitted by: #16 #17 #19 #20 LIANKO LOPEZ MINANDANG MIRANDA

Pre-dental Jaw Relationship Oral Physiology and Occlusion Report

Predental Jaw Relationship / Predentate Period / Neonates Mouth


Predentate refers to the period from birth to the eruption of first deciduous teeth in the oral cavity.

Characteristics of Neonates Mouth:


This is from birth to six months. At this stage, there are no teeth. Clinically, the infant is edentulous Both jaws undergo rapid growth; the growth is in three planes of space: downward, forward, and laterally (to the side). Forward growth for the mandible is greater. - The maxillary and mandibular alveolar processes are not well developed at birth - Coronoid process higher than the condylar process because it has not obtained its growth and development fully - Absence of alveolar process - Presence of 20 sets of deciduous developing tooth buds - Presence of interocclusal space or gap - Occasionally, there is a neonatal tooth present at birth. It is a supernumerary and is often lost soon after birth. - At birth, bulges in the developing alveoli precede eruption of the deciduous teeth. At birth, the molar pads can touch.

Pre-dental Jaw Relationship Oral Physiology and Occlusion Report

- When crowns are fully calcified, their growth in size is completed. Therefore, it is a challenge for teeth of a fixed size to accommodate into rapidly growing jaws. One way this challenge is met is by teeth maturing progressively from anterior to posterior in their respective arches.

GUM PADS

At birth the alveolar arches are also know as GUM PADS, they are horseshoe shaped in the maxilla and v-shaped in the mandible They are firm and pink in color These gum pads develop in two parts:

a. Labile portion ( Differentiates first )

b. Lingual portion ( Differentiates later )

These two portions are separated from each other by a dental groove which is the site of origin of the dental lamina.

Pre-dental Jaw Relationship Oral Physiology and Occlusion Report

A vertical space generally exist between the upper and lower incisor segment of the gum pad even when they are pressed into occlusion.

This space is occupied by the tongue and is not necessarily a precursor to an anterior open bite.

The anteroposterior movements of the gum pad are usually small and there is no lateral movement.

During the first year of life the gum pads grow rapidly and the growth is not marked in the lateral direction This increase the width permits the incisors to erupt in good alignment and to be spaced.

Pre-dental Jaw Relationship Oral Physiology and Occlusion Report

A.. Upper gum pad; B. Lower gum pad

Gum pads are divided into ten segments by ten

grooves. Called transverse groove . each consist of of these one

segments

developing deciduous tooth sac. 1. The transverse groove between the canine and first deciduous molar segment is called the lateral sulcus. 2. The lateral sulcus of the mandibular arch is normally more distal to that the maxillary arch. 3. The gingival groove separates the gum pads from the palate and floor of mouth in the upper and lower arch separately. 4. Upper gum pads are both wider as well as longer then the lower gum pads. 5. Contact occur between the upper and lower gum pad in first molar region . 6. The upper lateral sulcus is positioned much anteriorly to the lower lateral sulcus.

Pre-dental Jaw Relationship Oral Physiology and Occlusion Report

Gum pad in Occlusion

Precociously erupted teeth- Sometimes an infant may be born with teeth which are
precociously erupted of these teeth emerge before the first three months of life, they classified as premature teeth. Those that are present at birth are called natal teeth, those that erupt during the neonatal period, from birth to 30 days are designated neonatal teeth.

Etiology of neonatal teeth and natal teeth -Superficial position of the germs
increased rate of eruption due febrile incidents, hormonal stimulation and heredity.

Pre-dental Jaw Relationship Oral Physiology and Occlusion Report

Natal Teeth

Mandibular arch showing natal teeth

NEONATAL JAW The mandible,comparable to long bone, is movable and antagonistic to the maxilla with the control of masticatory, facial expression, and some suprahyoid muscles.

Previous studies on mandibular development were focused mainly on the growth of condyle and symphysis In neonates, coronoid process is higher than the condylar process because the mandible has not yet fully attained its growth and development. A study on

Pre-dental Jaw Relationship Oral Physiology and Occlusion Report

mandibular growth in an early human fetal development (weeks 814) revealed the mandibular ramus grew faster than the body, both in length and height; the greatest growth rate was found in the height of ramus; and the mandibular growth patterns differed significantly from those of successive developmental periods.

A morphological study on the developing lateral pterygoid muscle and its relationships to the temporomandibular joint and Meckel cartilage indicated that all of temporomandibular joint structures and lateral pterygoid muscle assumed their adult shapes by week 14 of fetal life.

Mandibular movement is primarily controlled by the genioglossus muscle in the early embryonic period could affect the growth of the mandibular body and the condyle. Premature mandibular movement occurred at least 2 weeks earlier than the temporomandibular joint movement and stimulated the adaptational growth of the mandibular body and condyle. Thereafter, condyle growth was highly accelerated to form its conical structure and became independent of mandibular body growth.

Condylar growth is much accelerated compared with those of the mandibular body. The slight reduction in gonial angle during the fetal period may also indicate increased growth of the condyle more in a vertical than a horizontal direction.

Pre-dental Jaw Relationship Oral Physiology and Occlusion Report

Measurements of prenatal mandibular growth. a, b: soft X-ray view of 24-week-old fetus, a; lateral view, b; vertical view, c, d: scheme of (a) and (b). Co, condyle head; Go, Gonion; Al, alveolar bone; Lb, lower border of mandible; MdPGC, mandibular primary growth center.

This is an image of an infant showing the underdeveloped jaws at its most posterior position.

Pre-dental Jaw Relationship Oral Physiology and Occlusion Report

REFERENCES

http://www.lakshdeep.com/MI-childrens%20teeth.html http://www.scribd.com/atul_bhadouria/d/54205759-DEVELOPMENT-01234567890 http://www.uic.edu/classes/orla/orla312/OCCREVIS.htm http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ar.1110/pdf

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