Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
1. http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/fore/characteristics/index_en.htm
2. Source: Ministry of Enviroment and Forestry, the State of the forests 2010 report
http://www.mmediu.ro/paduri/management_forestier/2011-11-18_management_forestier_stareapadurilor2010.pdf , pg 9
3. Source: Ministry of Enviroment and Forestry
http://www.mmediu.ro/paduri/management_forestier/2011-11-18_management_forestier_stareapadurilor2010.pdf , pg 11
Proportions of tree species (%)
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Pomanla has 6,5l5,000 hectares of forest, of whlch
3,339,000 belong to the Pomanlan state, 2,079,000 are
owned by physlcal and [urldlcal persons, l,024,000
hectares are publlc property of the terrltorlal-
admlnlstratlve unlts and 73 thousand hectares are prlvate
property of terrltorlal-admlnlstratlve unlts.
5l% of the forestry fund ls publlc property and ls admlnls-
tered malnly by the Natlonal Porest Admlnlstratlon-
Pomsllva-and 49% ls prlvate property, belng mostly
admlnlstered by prlvate forestry structures.
Up to the end of 20l0, 463 of forestry admlnlstratlon
structures were authorlzed and re-authorlzed (accordlng
to the Mlnlster Order 904/20l0), of whlch 325 Porest
Dlstrlcts from the Natlonal Porest Admlnlstratlon -
Pomsllva structure and l38 prlvate Porest Dlstrlcts.
Deforestatlon ls a wldespread phenomena ln Pomanla,
especlally ln the countles from the mountaln area, and
the authorltles have the responslblllty to manage and
monltor the forestry lnterventlons. Also, lf lllegal logglngs
occur, lt ls the reponslblllty of the authorltles to perform
lnspectlons and to apply necessary sanctlons - and lf lt ls
the case, to draft crlmlnal les.
Accordlng to the current Porest Code, approved ln March
2008 and updated ln 20l0, forest management ls the
responslblllty of the Mlnlstry of Lnvlronment and
Porestry, whlch has, ln lts turn, more subordlnated lnstltu-
tlons, such as: The Natlonal Porest Admlnlstratlon-
Pomsllva, Terrltorlal Porestry Peglme and Huntlng |nspec-
torates, the Porest Pesearch and Management |nstltute,
the Natlonal Lnvlronment Guard, and the Natlonal
Lnvlronmental Protectlon Agency. (See Figure 1, pag. 9).
Institutions with atributions of
forestry administration and controI
^
4. Source: Ministry of Environment and Forestry
http://www.mmediu.ro/paduri/management_forestier/2011-11-18_management_forestier_stareapadurilor2010.pdf
5. Source: Ministry of Environment and Forestry
http://www.mmediu.ro/paduri/management_forestier/2011-11-18_management_forestier_stareapadurilor2010.pdf , pagina 19
The purpose of the Natlonal Porest Admlnlstratlon -
Pomsllva, ls to manage the forest fund from the publlc
state property ln a sustalnable and unltary way, accordlng
to the provlslons of the forest plannlngs and forestry
reglme norms, wlth te purpose of ralslng the contrlbutlon
of the forests to the lmprovement of envlronmental
condltlons and to provlde wood to the natlonal economy
and other forest products and speclc forestry servlces.
Pomsllva ls functlonlng ln the base of Law no. 46/2008
(Porest Code) and accordlng to the Govermental Declslon
no. 229/2009 regardlng the reorganlsatlon of the
Natlonal Porest Admlnlstratlon-Pomsllva.
wlthln the structure of the Natlonal Porest
Admlnlstratlon-Pomsllva terrltorlal unlts wlth no [urldlcal
personallty are functlonlng (Porest Dlrectorates) as well
as the Development and Pesearch Paclllty for ralslng fur
anlmals ln Targu Mures and a unlt wlth [urldlcal personal-
lty - The Porest Pesearch and Management |nstltute.
TerritoriaI
|t has representant omces ln each county and 9 reglonal
coordlnatlon omces. Under thelr coordlnatlon also enter
the state and prlvate Porest Dlstrlcts.
NationaI Forest Administration
- RomsiIva
6. www.rosilva.ro
The TerritoriaI Inspectorate for
Forestry and Hunting Regime
(ITR5V)
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Ilfov
Teleorman
Giurgiu
Ialomia
Clrai
Constana
Brila
Buzu
Galai
Tulcea
Vaslui
Vrancea
Mure
Harghita
Covasna
Sibiu
Braov
Vlcea
Gorj
Dolj
Mehedini
Olt
Suceava
Bacu
Iai
Botoani
Neam
Cluj
Bistria
Nsud
Maramure
Alba
Satu Mare
Slaj
Bihor
Arad
Timi
Cara
Severin
Hunedoara
Dmbovia
Arge
Prahova
ITRSV
Bucureti
ITRSV
Focani
ITRSV
Braov
ITRSV
Vlcea
ITRSV
Suceava
ITRSV
Cluj
ITRSV
Oradea
ITRSV
Timioara
ITRSV
Ploieti
Regional structure of
Territorial Forestry
Regime and hunting Inspectorate
|TPSv ls an lnstltutlon wlth [urldlcal personallty subordl-
nated to the Mlnlstry of Lnvlronment and Porestry, organ-
lsed as a reglonal structure wlth lnspectorates that have
terrltorlally llmlted competences, that coordlnate,
oversee and perform, through forestry and huntlng
lnspectlons, actlvltles to lmplement and control the
forestry and huntlng reglme ln the glven countles. the
forestry and huntlng lnspectlons ln the organlsed
structure do not have [urldlcal personallty, belng organ-
lsed ln compartments ln the glven countles to |TPSv,
except the county where the |TPSv omce ls found. The
|TPSv functlons as a publlc lnstltutlon nanced from the
state budget.
The functlons, ob[ectlves and own attrlbutlons of |TPSv
are establlshed accordlng to the Governmental Declslon
333/2005 to reorganlse terrltorlal forestry and huntlng
dlstrlcts lnto forestry and huntlng reglme lnspectorates
and accordlng to the provlslons of the reglementatlons
regardlng the forestry and huntlng reglme.
The Porestry Pesearch and Management |nstltute (|CAS)
was founded ln l933 as a publlc lnstltutlon of natlonal
lnterest, speclallzed ln researchlng and lmplementlng
new technologles ln the publlc and prlvate forestry
sector, ln order to ensure the sustalnable management of
Pomanlan forests.
The Forestry Research and
Management Institute
7. www.icas.ro
NationaI nvironmentaI Guard
The Natlonal Lnvlronmental Guard ls a publlc lnstltutlon
that functlons as a speclallzed organ of the central publlc
admlnstratlon, wlth [urldlcal personallty, entlrely
nanced by the state budget, subordlnated to the central
publlc authorlty of envlronmental protectlon.
The Natlonal Lnvlronmental Guard ls a speclallzed lnspec-
tlon and control body and the commlssloners are publlc
servants wlth a speclc statute, that can take sanctlonlng
measures, can suspend/halt actlvltles due to pollutlon
and envlronmental deterloratlon
The Gendarmerie
9. http://www.legestart.ro/Legea-171-2010-stabilirea-sanctionarea-contraventiilor-silvice-(MzU4MDgw).htm
10. http://www.legislatieromaneasca.ro/uploads/files/CODUL_SILVIC.pdf , pagina 22
From the diagram the structure of the institutions
in relation to the Ministry of Environment
and Forestry regarding the activity of coordination
control and financing.
Coordination
Coordination and finance
Control
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Ministry of Environment
and Forestry
Romsilva
ICAS
41 County Forest
Directorates
State Forest
Districts
Private Forest
Districts
ITRSV
Repartition by county of the illegal tree logging cases
registered by the authorities between 2009 and 2011.
8ased on the answers of the authorltles,
between 2009 and 20ll, Greenpeace
reglstered a total number of 3l.456 natlonal
cases of lllegal tree logglng that resulted
wlth sanctlons (contraventlonal nes or
crlmlnal records, dependlng on the severlty
of the deed).
ResuIts of Greenpeace 5tudy
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44
Satu Mare
80
8lhor
50
Arad
501
Tlml
543
Cara Severln
230
Hunedoara
2503
Gor[
155
valcea
944
Dol[
29
Olt
410
Mehedlnl
570
Sla[
1025
Clu[
408
Mure
441
Alba
1003
Slblu
380
8raov
494
Covasna
510
Harghlta
1290
Neam
1910
8acu
11
|al
150
vaslul
15
Galal
1302
vrancea
17
8uzu
2297
Prahova
178
Dambovla
458
Arge
39
Teleorman
8
Glurglu
87
8rlla
172
Tulcea
82
Constana
225 |alomla
185
Clral
278
|lfov
1535
Maramure
110
Suceava
53
8otoanl
948
8lstrla
Nsud
The Natlonal Lnvlronmental Guard ls a publlc lnstltutlon
that functlons as a speclallzed organ of the central publlc
admlnstratlon, wlth [urldlcal personallty, entlrely
nanced by the state budget, subordlnated to the central
publlc authorlty of envlronmental protectlon.
The Natlonal Lnvlronmental Guard ls a speclallzed lnspec-
tlon and control body and the commlssloners are publlc
servants wlth a speclc statute, that can take sanctlonlng
measures, can suspend/halt actlvltles due to pollutlon
and envlronmental deterloratlon
The most lllegal logglng cases reglstered ln Arges county
(over 6,000) Gor[ (2,500), Prahova (over 2,000), 8acu
(almost 2,000) see table no. 2. The smallest number of
cases of lllegal logglngs reglstered ln the Glurglu and
Teleorman countles, wlth 8, respectlvely 39 cases, where
the forest covered area ls slgnlcantly smaller than other
countles. The numbers dlner a lot also by rellef form, ln
the plaln countles there are more forest covered areas
than ln the predomlnantly mountalnous ones.
Accordlng to the Greenpeace lnvestlgatlon, there are
over ten countles where ln the last three years the
authorltles have reglstered over l,000 lllegal logglng
cases see table no.2.
Thls klnd of lllegal logglng cases found by the authorltles
between 2009 and 20ll were reglstered ln the Arge
county (6,458), Gor[ (2,503) and Prahova (2,297).
The sltuatlon of the l0 countles ls lllustrated ln Graph no.
2.
First ten counties ordered by the number of illegal logging cases ascertained
by the authorities between 2009 and 2011
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The number of illegal tree logging
registered by the authorities
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No. County Number of illegal logging cases (2009-2011)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Arge
Gorj
Prahova
Bacu
Vlcea
Maramure
Vrancea
Neam
Suceava
Cluj
6458
2503
2297
1910
1655
1535
1302
1290
1160
1025
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G
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P
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B
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M
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V
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N
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S
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C
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2503
2297
1910
155
1535
1302 1290
110
1025
458
11. Forest Code of March 18, 2008
8etween 2009 and 20ll, the most lllegal logglng cases
were reglstered by the Pollce (2l,l27 cases), followd by
the county Porest Dlrectorates (l5,076 cases) and |TPSv
(4,85l cases).
Accordlng to the data communlcated by the authorltles,
the tlmber volume that has been llegally explolted ln
thelr account ls of at least 452,842 cublc meters.
Graph no. 3 shows that there ls a slgnlcant dlnerence
between the number of cases reglstered by the Pollce
and the ones reglstered by the Gendarmerle. The
explanatlon for thls contrast resldes ln the fact that, slnce
20l0, by modlfylng the leglslatlon, some of the attrlbu-
tlons related to the forest eld have been taken away
from the Gendarmerle'.
|n many cases great dlnerences have been observed
between the cases reglstered by |TPSv and the Pollce,
Gendarmerle or the Porest Dlrectorate the blggest
contrast ls ln Arge county where the Pollce reglstered
3,686 cases of lllegal logglngs and |TPSv only 5l.
t
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a
T
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F
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B
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C
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S
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P
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t
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817
1254 1274
2052
2795
3949
4574
5808
8933
Greenpeace Pomanla carrled out, between Pebruary and
1uly 20ll, an lnvestlgatlon on the lllegal logglng sltuatlon
ln Pomanla.
Greenpeace asked for lnformatlon about the lllegal
logglng cases, contraventlons and sanctlons applled
referrlng to lllegal logglngs ln all the countles.
Therefore, Greenpeace contacted the |nspectorates for
Terrltorlal Porestry and Huntlng Peglme, the Lnvlronmen-
tal Guard, Gentarmes Terrltorlal |nspectorates, County
Pollce |nspectorates and county Porest Dlrectorates.
Greenpeace Pomanla sent 339 wrltten demands to the
aforementloned lnstltutlons' , from whlch 329 omclal
responses were recleved, referlng to the number of lllegal
logglng cases and applled sanctlons - see table no. 4.
MethodoIogy
^
12. These institutions are obliged to give, when asked, this kind of public information, according to the Law no. 544/2001
Number of demands addressed to the institutions and
number of recieved replies
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Contacted institution Total of written demands sent Total responses
Environmental Guard
Gendarmerie
Police
ITRSV
Forest Directorate
71
74
98
27
69
66
79
89
28
67
8etween 2009 and 20ll there are omclally over 3l.456 cases of
lllegal logglng cases. |n other words, l0485 cases a year and
clrca 29 lllegal cuttlngs a day.
Most cases of lllegal logglngs were reglstered ln Arge, Gor[
and Prahova countles, a total of ll.258 cases between 200 and
20ll.
Startlng wlth 20l0, the Gendarmerle was taken away some
attrlbutlons, at thls moment lt can only ascertaln but not apply
sanctlons ln the area of lllegal logglng cases.
Pegardlng the number of cases of lllegal logglngs reglstered
by the authorltles, lt must be taken lnto account the fact that
the real total number ls hlgher, to thls sum addlng the cases
that have not been ldentled by the authorltles.
Thls study oners an overvlew on the omclal data glven by the
authorltles, that have the responslblllty to sustalnably manage
forests and to track the cases and sanctlons.
ConcIusions