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UMTS
Mobile Telematics 2004 Anne Nevin
REFERENCES: Ganz et. al. (Release 5) Multimedia Wireless Networks H.Holma and A. Tosdala WCDMA for UMTS 2001
Outline
Introduction
Physical Layer (PHY/L1) Media Access Control (MAC) Data Link Layer Protocols
RLC, PDCP and BMC
UMTS BW support
144 kpbs, vehicular use 384 kbps, mobile use 2 Mbps, static users. UMTS Rel-5 HSDPA (High-Speed Download Packet Access) technology: 10 Mbps
UMTS/WCDMA
Part of the IMT-2000 effort led by ITU
Strives to create a compatible standard to be used world-wide. Third Generation Partnership Project 3GPP
UE
and
Many specifications:
Release99 (Integrate GSM and GPRS) Rel-04 Rel-05 Rel-06
UTRAN
5 6
Iu
Iur Uu
Iub
UE
Uu
Node B
Iub
RNC
Iu
Iu UE
Node B
Radio Network Subsystem (RNS)
(RNS)
UTRAN
UMTS Architechture
7 8
User Plane
Outline:
Introduction Physical Layer (PHY/L1) Media Access Control (MAC) Data Link Layer Protocols (RLC, PDCP and BMC) Control Radio Resource Control (RRC) QoS Support
Control RRC
User
NAS
MM, CC, SM
Control
L3 Control
RRC
Control
PDCP
BMC
PDCP PDCP
L2
Control Control
RLC RLC
MAC PHY
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L1
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Physical Layer
Responsible for:
Various handover functions Error detection and report to higher layers Multiplexing of transport channels Mapping of transport channels to physical channels Power control Synchronization in TDD mode Other responsibilities associated with transmitting and receiving signals over the wireless media.
WCDMA
Wideband Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access Does not assign a specific frequency to each user. Instead every channel uses the full available spectrum. Individual conversations are endcoded with a pseudo-random digital sequence Narrowband option for TDD.
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Scrambling Code
Used to separate between transmissions from different nodes. Uplink: separate between different UEs (several million codes) Downlink: separate between different Cells (512 codes)
Channelization Code
Used to separate the sources of different physical channels on a mobile station The user data is spread by multiplying the data with quasi random bits called chips. Supports highly variable user data. Smaller the spread factor code, the larger the bandwidth The code assignment is managed by RNC on the downlink and the UE on the uplink. The assigned BW to a connection is controlled by the spread factor which can be fixed or dynamically adjusted. Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor (OVSF). See fig 11.10.
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Power Control
Especially on the uplink. Avoid interference or block from other stations. Open-loop (inaccurate based on estimation) Fast closed-loop (based on measurements)
RNC Node B
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TFCS
Number of Transport Format Combinations Transport Format:
Dynamic and semi-static part
Transport Channel
Transport Block
Physical
Transport Block
Assigned by the RRC (Utran) MAC uses the dynamic part PHY uses the semi-static part See table on page 242
TTI
TTI
TTI
19 20
Transport Channels
How the data are transferred over the radio interface
Transport Channels
Dedicated Transport Channels Common Transport Channels
TFCI
DCH (Up/Down)
BCH (Down)
PCH (Down)
FACH (Down)
DSCH (Down)
HS_DSCH (Down)
RACH (Up)
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22
Physical Channels
Defined by A specific frequency Channelization code Time duration The structure is defined in radio frames (10ms at 3.84 Mcps) time slots(15 slots per radio frame) See Fig. 11.16 A physical channel can be transmitted on one or multiple time slots Multiple physical channels can coexist in the same time slot
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24
TFCI
DPCCH
Slot0
Slot1
Slot2
.....
Slot14
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27
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MAC Functions
Outline:
Introduction Physical Layer (PHY/L1) Media Access Control (MAC) Data Link Layer Protocols (RLC, PDCP and BMC) Control Radio Resource Control (RRC) QoS Support
Control RRC PDCP BMC User
Provides mapping of logical and transport channels. Responsible for selecting the appropriate transport format (using the TFCS) for each transport channel depending on the instantaneous source rate of logical channels. Prioritizes the data flows and mobile stations Multiplexes and demultiplexes upper layer packets Measures traffic volume on the logical channels. Switches between common and dedicated channels Encryption ++
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Logical Channels
Relate to the content and what kind of data are transmitted through the radio interface
MAC Architecture
4 modules (rel 5):
MAC-c/ch
Common channels
RLC
Control Channels
Contain control information
Logical Channels
MAC Transport Channels PHY
Traffic Channels
User data
MAC-d
Dedicated channels
MAC-b
Broadcast channels
See fig. 11.26 page 256 See example of channel mapping fig. 11.27
DTCH
Transport Channel type switching
Outline:
Introduction Physical Layer (PHY/L1) Media Access Control (MAC) Data Link Layer Protocols (RLC, PDCP and BMC) Radio Resource Control (RRC) QoS Support
Control RRC
User
BMC
MAC-d
TF selection
ASC ASC selection selection
TF selection
PHY
PCH USCH
RACH
CPCH
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Outline:
Introduction Physical Layer (PHY/L1) Media Access Control (MAC) Control Data Link Layer Protocols (RLC, PDCP and BMC) Radio Resource Control (RRC) QoS Support
Control RRC
User
PDCP
BMC
40
CELL_DCH
CELL_FACH
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42
Outline
Introduction
Physical Layer (PHY/L1) Media Access Control (MAC) Data Link Layer Protocols
RLC, PDCP and BMC
QoS Support
43 44
UMTS QoS
The standard provides an overview of the functionality needed to establish, modify and maintain a UMTS link with a specific QoS. Diveded into:
Control plane
Managing, translating, admitting and controlling users requests and network resources.
User plane
QoS signalling and monitoring of user data traffic
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QoS Classes
Conversational (real time)
VoIP Telephony Video conferencing
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Interactive
Web browsing Data retrievel Server access
Background
Download of emails and files
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