Energy Conversion

EE153 / C6
Quiz #4

Part 1

IDENTIFICATION. 2 points each, Right Minus Wrong Instruction: Write the term which best fills in the blank.

1.

A dc generator uses _______________ to convert internal ac emf to dc emf while alternator transmits the generated ac emf directly to the load. 2. The revolving-armature type alternator resembles the dc generator in appearance except that it uses _______________ instead of commutator. 3. The _______________ type of rotor is used in low- and medium-speed alternators. 4. The _______________ typo of rotor is used is used for turbo-alternators which run at very high speeds. 5. One cycle of emf is induced in a conductor when one pair of poles passes over it. In other words, the emf in an armature goes through one cycle in angular distance equal to twice the _______________. 6. _______________ is the speed at which an alternator must run in order to generate an emf of the required frequency. 7. In general, if the coil span falls short of full-pitch by electrical degrees, then _______________ is equal to cos(/2) 8. Taking the terminal voltage V as reference, the vector diagram in Figure (a) shows the case for a _______________ power factor load. 9. Taking the terminal voltage V as reference, the vector diagram in Figure (b) shows the case for a _______________ power factor load. 10. Taking the terminal voltage V as reference, the vector diagram in Figure (c) shows the case for a _______________ power factor load.

Part 2

PROBLEM SOLVING. Instruction: Present an organized solution to the following. 5 points. Determine the speed of a 100-kW, 230-V, three-phase, 4-pole, 60-Hz alternator. 5 points. Calculate the pitch factor for a six-pole, three-phase alternator has 72 slots if coils span 1 to 10. 5 points. A three phase alternator has 6 slots per pole per phase. Calculate the distribution factor. 10 points. A 6-pole, 3-phase, 60-cycle alternator has 12 slots per pole and 4 conductors per slot. The winding is 5/6 pitch. There are 2,500,000 Maxwells entering the armature from each north pole and this flux is sinusoidally distributed along the air gap. The armature coils are all connected in series. The winding is wye-connected. Determine the open-circuit emf of the alternator. 10 points. Two alternators are operating in parallel supplying a common load of 4250 kW at 0.85 power factor lagging. Alternator A contributes 600 kVAR at 0.92 power factor lagging. Determine the power factor of alternator B. 15 points. A 1-MVA, 11-kV, 3-phase, wye-connected alternator has a synchronous reactance of 5 ohms and negligible resistance per phase. At a certain field current, the alternator delivers rated load at 0.9 lagging power factor at 11-kV. For the same excitation, what is the terminal voltage at 0.9 leading power factor fullload? (Note: Since excitation is the same in both conditions, induced emf in both conditions are also equal) 15 points. Two alternators are driven by shunt motors. The shunt motors have speed-load droop characteristics of 3% and 4% respectively. The alternators are in parallel and each carrying 50 kW. There is no automatic speed-load control. If the load drops by 25 kW, determine the resulting loads of each alternator assuming that the speed-load control of each is not adjusted. 15 points. Two 100-kW, 3-phase alternators are driven by shunt motors whose speed-load characteristics are as follows No-Load Speed Full-Load Speed Alternator 1 600 rpm 530 rpm Alternator 2 590 rpm 550 rpm For what load will the alternators divide the load equally?

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