Excerpts from my field diary (July 2009 onwards) Pankaj Oudhia

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1-91. (Compilation of Research Documents) Pankaj Oudhia
Introductory Note Due to Ecoport policy of keeping the academic contributions far from common people I have decided to publish this series through my homepage. It is old Ecoport version. The updated version of this series is present in CGBD. The efforts are on to make CGBD online.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing In general fleshy stems of medicinal herb Hadjod are used both internally as well as externally in treatment of bone related troubles. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh prepare special oil by using stems alone and in combination with other herbs for external use. Hadjod stems are used internally in form of different traditional dishes. The expert bonesetters add Hadjod stems in herbal combinations applied on broken bone after setting it in original form. This combination helps in bone reunion. During recent visits to Gariaband and Mainpur regions I got new information on use of Hadjod roots. According to the Healers roots are having more powerful effect than stems. In case of bone fracture the patients are suggested to consume Hadjod roots with Bhat i.e. cooked rice. According to them it hastens the process of reunion. As you know Hadjod is climber and in nature grows with support of forest trees. According to Healers Hadjod growing on Harra and Koha trees gives more promising results. They collect the roots during dark night. They are not in favor of its one time

collection and use round the year. Every time roots are collected as per their need and in general they collect whole plant. Roots are given with Bhat whereas stems are used to prepare herbal oil. While searching the reference literatures especially Garunpuran I found the information on use of its roots for the same purpose. But its use with juice of Jatamansi is mentioned. In Chhattisgarh in forests we are not having Jatamansi. The healers are not aware of its use with Jatamansi. They are using it with Bhat since time immemorial and not interested in modification. In Ayurveda the use of Santhi Chawal for preparation of Bhat has been mentioned at different places. The Healers are aware that it is hard to get this rice. Hence they simply instruct the patients to prefer organically grown rice. Fresh roots are taken with Bhat. Many times root juice is mixed with rice. Like other parts of Chhattisgarh the Healers are aware of Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge to enrich roots with medicinal properties but I observed that the Healers are not practicing it sincerely. Few Healers use Mimosa based solution for this purpose but it needs more confirmation.

In previous research articles I have mentioned that the herb vendor of Keshkal valley region uses Chirchita based special oil to improve the complexion. The Healers of Gariaband region are aware of another special oil in which Chirchita is used as main ingredient. Many times it is used as single ingredient. Its roots are boiled in base oil to prepare this oil. This oil is not used for improving complexion. The Healers use it for body ache externally. If someone is beaten from Bamboo sticks then as treatment this oil is massaged on affected parts. It acts in miraculous ways. It is not effective for all types of body ache. For the first time I got information about any oil that is used for beaten persons. I feel that this knowledge is having worldwide scope. When I shared information collected from Keshkal valley region the Healers showed ignorance towards its role in improving complexion. They promised me to try it on their patients. The senior Healers informed that this oil was of great use in early days of war when such injuries were common. In early days injuries by sharpen weapons were also common. For such injuries the Healers are having many solutions.

According to the Healers the application of fresh root juice of Ama and cow ghee on injured parts gives immense relief to the patients. Ama roots and ghee both are available very easily. They are having specific rules for selection of Ama roots and ghee. Old trees are preferred. Desi Ama free from diseases is selected for root collection. Wooden tools are used to dig the roots. They prefer morning time for the collection. Few days before the collection of roots Haldi solution is applied near roots. It enhances the medicinal properties of roots-they believe. Freshly collected roots are dipped in cow milk for few hours. After it juice is extracted and applied on affected part. Desi cow feeding on grasses are preferred for the collection of milk and preparation of ghee.

The above-mentioned traditional knowledge is valuable but I am aware that much work is required to gather complete information about these formulations. I will continue visits to these regions for complete information and to observe its practical uses. Also I will share these formulations with the Healers of other regions in order to get their comments regarding its improvement and to confirm its effectiveness. Keep reading my research articles for new updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Bonesetters of Chhattisgarh Giving Relief to the Patients around The World. Hadjod Chila: Traditional Remedy for Joint Pain. My experience and interactions with herb collectors and growers of Chhattisgarh, India associated with medicinal herb Hadjod (Cissus quadrangula) : New comments. Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about medicinal herbs Koha (Terminalia arjuna) and Sarphonk (Tephrosia purpurea) in Chhattisgarh plains, India : New comments. Say goodbye to your health troubles with the help of Koha tree. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article.

Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Ecoport Research Articles related to Mainpur region. Ecoport Pictures taken in Mainpur region. Ecoport Research Articles related to Gariaband region. Ecoport Pictures taken in Gariaband region. Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1647&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Although the herbs collectors are not much resourceful in terms of making business relationship with companies at Indian Metros but I have found them always having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about herbs more than the traders to whom they sell the herbs in very low rates. This is the reason during my surveys I never miss to meet and interact with these Herb collectors. When our planners prepare the list of endangered species of the state in multi-star hotel in form of expensive conference I always miss the contribution of these real experts. In fact the Herb collectors and Traditional Healers know which herb is in danger and requires immediate conservation efforts. During such conferences the planners prepare the list based on old list and every year our country's money go waste in conservation of wrong herbs. I am aware that this is not new information for you. But I repeat it my articles very frequently with hope to see these real experts in decision-making conferences. Basically these Herb Collectors are farmers. During

off-season they collect forest produces and during cultivation period they collect weeds having medicinal values. Earlier, still in existence in many interior parts, they were selling these herbs in exchange of equal amount of salt. Now they are getting relatively higher prices. Not due to mercy of traders but due to decreasing number of herb collectors. Youths are not interested in this collection. They move to nearby cities in search of higher wages. The senior Herb Collectors are on job but it seems that these are representatives of one of the last generations.

The Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions are aware that how false demand of Red Patal kumhda has forced them to dig the forest in search and when they got few, no one purchased it. Now they have become very cautious. They collect only routine items. It is very hard to motivate them to collect the rare herbs. Although Kalihari is known as Jhagadhin plant in Chhattisgarh and Traditional Healers and natives are well aware of its occurrence and uses but according to official records it is not present in Chhattisgarh forest. It is hard to believe for them to get in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. I showed samples of this herb to the traders but they said it is new herb for them. The Herb Collectors standing near to them said it is available in our forest. Later they met me outside the Gariaband town and after short interaction ready to show me the hot spots having this herb. I was interested in photography as well as seeing the medicinal herbs growing with this herb in Mother Nature's experimental fields. I noted the natural arrangement. The collectors suggested to collect soil around this herb and keep it. According to them this soil is having capacity to reduce any type of intense pain if applied externally on affected parts. This soil is also used externally in treatment of open cancerous wounds. I wanted to stay whole night at the spot for collection of nocturnal insects but they warned that it is very toxic herb and it is not advisable to stay whole night near it. This was shocking information for me because in Indian Metros and also in western countries this herb is planted in home gardens for its beautiful flowers. I am not sure whether they are aware of its harmful effects at night or not? I kept Kandil in the spot and next morning collected the insects. The collectors informed that expert Healers use these insects as medicine both internally as well as externally.

During interaction I informed about the rates of Safed Patal kumhda at international markets. It was surprising information for them. They are aware of their exploitation and also about their limitations. I further informed that at National markets Patal kumhda gets new name Vidarikand whereas in International market it is known as Pueraria. It is added in hundreds of herbal formulations. I shared traditional medicinal uses collected from different parts of Chhattisgarh. In return the Herb collectors informed about new use of its tubers. They collect tubers and after shade drying convert it into fine powder. This powder is used to clean teeth. According to them this powder makes the teeth free from black spots and gives extra shining. I suggested them to add Haldi powder with it in order to get healthy teeth and gum with extra shine.

When I asked them about the availability of Safed Gunja seeds in bulk they informed that it is available but unless good collection wages no one will take this risk. Red Gunja is commonly available. They are aware of its toxic nature but informed that females are suggested to swallow one seed as it acts as promising contraceptive. It was new information for me because in early surveys I have seen the use of seeds after much purification. I have noted it without any modification for the future researchers.

Today I was reading breaking news in BBC website that USA researchers have concluded that Indian forests are not decreasing as feared. These forests have increased many folds from year 1990 to 2005. I am not aware of methodology adopted by these researchers but from ground I can say on the basis of observations of Herb collectors and Traditional Healers like these from Gariaband and Mainpur regions, that we are loosing our natural resources at alarming rates. Frankly speaking I believe in these ground realities more. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Aphrodisiacs of Chhattisgarh : Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about common herbs used as Sex Tonic in Chhattisgarh, India. (New comments) Herbal dishes of Chhattisgarh, India VI. Paushtic Laddu. (New comments) Plant and Animal sources of Minor Forest Products of India with special reference to Chhattisgarh, The Herbal State. Herbs Can Keep You Forever Young. Sanjivani Booti of Chhattisgarh: Needing Conservation Efforts. Expert Tips on marketing of Indian medicinal and aromatic crops. 1. Gloriosa superba. Major ornamental plants of India with special reference to Chhattisgarh. Kalihari (Gloriosa superba) and Panphooti (Bryophyllum pinnatum) as medicinal herbs in Chhattisgarh, India : Traditional Medicinal Knowledge Natural Occurrence, Cultivation and Trade (New comments). Related References

Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Ecoport Research Articles related to Mainpur region. Ecoport Pictures taken in Mainpur region. Ecoport Research Articles related to Gariaband region. Ecoport Pictures taken in Gariaband region. Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1648&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Since childhood I feel uneasy during thunderstorms specially when heavy lightening continues without much breaks. This weakness gave me much pain while documenting traditional medicinal knowledge about medicinal trees injured due to lightening. This weakness forced me to collect more and more information about ways to protect from lightening and injuries causes by it. As student of Homoeopathy I read about the use of Electricitas, a remedy that is used to treat the patients having bad effects of this type of injury. The unique observations of Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh that all trees are not affected equally with the lightening, motivated me to get detailed information on this aspect. As result today I am having long list of tree species having resistant to lightening as well as wild fire. During recent surveys in Gariaband and Mainpur regions I got opportunities to meet and interact with senior natives. When I started sharing information about this specific knowledge in reply many of them informed the unique property of Khair trees. According to them during thunderstorm stay under Khair trees reduces the chance of injuries due to lightening. It protects completely or only reduces chances of injuries? I asked. They repeated that it reduces the chance. Khair trees are not promising protection shield. They further informed that in earlier days there was recommendation to plant these trees in hot spots where lightening is intense and frequent. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the natives engaged in Tantra activities in different parts of Chhattisgarh use Khair wood pieces as protection measure against lightening. They burry these pieces in eight directions by uttering specific Mantras and assure that now the place is out of danger. Very recently I found this information in Garunpuran with details of Mantras. I informed the senior natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions about information given in Garunpuran. In reply they warned me to stop reading this ancient literature specifically Garunpuran. According to them it is read after someone's death by religious experts not by common people like me. They were true as when I was purchasing it from local bookshop the shop owner stopped me at least three times for the same reason. Although it is not for common people but I found its many chapters having valuable information about medicinal herbs and disease diagnosis. It is really surprising that natives of Chhattisgarh are not only aware of medicinal uses mentioned in this puran but also using it in their day today life, although they have never read it through this literature.

Like other parts of Chhattisgarh the natives of these regions are aware of use of Charota seeds in treatment of Daad (Ringworm). They prepare aqueous paste by mixing seeds with water and apply it on affected parts. It acts in promising ways. The senior natives are aware of ways to

make it more effective. They use soil collected from Bhimbhora (Termite mound) and mix it with Charota seeds. The combination is applied externally in same way. It is more promising in effects and also prevents skin to become dark. As more strong form Mooli (Radish) juice is added in place of water and used in same way with same ingredients. According to them it is useful for other skin troubles also. They blame modern clothing pattern responsible for increasing cases of Daad among modern youths.

Few months back I received trade inquiry regarding bulk supply of Koha flowers. Koha or Arjun is well known tree in Chhattisgarh. There is regular demand of its fruits as well as bark as medicine in different parts of India. Also the reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India are full of information regarding medicinal properties and uses of these plant parts but it is difficult to get information on flowers. I interacted with the Traditional Healers as well as traders but they showed ignorance towards the uses of these flowers. During recent interactions with the senior natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions I got very interesting information. According to them along with Ketki flowers Koha flowers can be used as insect repellent. They were collecting the flowers of both plants and after shade drying converting it into powder. In order to repel the insects specially houseflies and mosquitoes during rainy season they were burning the powder during evening time. No doubt it was effective but the introduction of new chemical based repellents has stopped its use and information about its use is now limited to few senior natives. A senior native engaged in rice farming informed that Koha flowers are added in cow dung based solution used in organic cultivation of rice. Senior natives aware of Tantra informed that they add Koha flowers along with Bach and other herbs in order to reduce the dominance of evil spirits. It means Koha flowers are having medicinal properties beneficial for mental health also.

Like other parts of natives it was matter of surprise for the senior natives of these regions that why some one is wasting his valuable time in gathering knowledge of no value. Although they are not aware of the 'value' of this traditional knowledge but as Ethnobotanist I am aware that this knowledge is capable of saving millions of lives. Modern youths of these regions are having no interest in this knowledge. During interaction they were showing more interest in my camera and survey vehicle specially music system. I feel that if this present generation of youth is motivated by any means to understand the importance of traditional knowledge we will be able to protect it up to many generations without much effort. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Lightening is benefical too. Traditional medicinal knowledge about common herbs injured due to lightening, in Chhattisgarh,

India : New comments. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about Herbal Tea in Indian State Chhattisgarh.5. Khair Chhali Ke Chai. My Experiments and Experiences with Homoeopathy in treatment of Leucoderma. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Ecoport Research Articles related to Mainpur region. Ecoport Pictures taken in Mainpur region.

Ecoport Research Articles related to Gariaband region. Ecoport Pictures taken in Gariaband region. Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1649&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Although over ten types of medicinal Honey exist in Indian state Chhattisgarh and all types are collected in bulk but still the traders as well as state authorities sell mixture of all types of Honey as simple Honey. Each type of Honey is having different medicinal properties. Instead of simple classification of small and big bees (Chhoti and Badi Makkhi) the Honey Collectors as well as the Traditional Healers consider the Honey collected in different seasons and different time entirely different. According to them seasonal flora plays important role in enriching Honey with medicinal properties. Identification of such Honey and its marketing in ten different types can not only help the Collectors to get higher prices but also Honey of Chhattisgarh will get international recognition and we will be able to fix our own prices. During recent surveys in Gariaband and Mainpur regions my interactions with the Honey Collectors were not much encouraging. I found them in pressure of collection of Honey in bulk, anyhow and if missed someone else will collect it for the traders without any delay. It is not good sign both for the Collectors as well as for Mother Nature.

In previous research articles I have mentioned how the Collectors collect Honey in a way so that it cannot damage the Honeycomb and also they get Honey free from wax. They informed that on dark nights honey is collected and on bright nights it is consumed by Bees. Hence at the last of

dark nights is best time for the collection but due to increasing demand of Honey the Collectors especially young collectors collect it by seeing any Honeycomb at any stage. Gariaband and Mainpur regions are considered as Nature's Honey Bank and buyers at National and International levels are aware of it. Mainly Honey is marketed through Dhamtari market. Although these regions are not far from Dhamtari but the rates at which Honey is purchased from the collectors are far lower than the rates at which it is available for national and international buyers. These lower rates have forced many Honey Collectors to visit nearby cities like Raipur frequently and sell it door to door. I personally know many Honey Collectors visiting to Raipur. They get higher prices as they give information about testing methods against impurities, about medicinal properties and also provide cheaper Honey than available in market as branded products. These frequent visits have encouraged many Ayurveda practitioners to recommend most of their patients to purchase Honey from their clinics. Through this way they are getting higher commissions. Both Traders and such practitioners are benefiting from the Collectors but unfortunately they are still not getting true prices.

Many times a question comes in mind that up to what extent the bulk Honey collection is affecting the survival of Honey Bees in the state forests. I am aware for the authorities this question is ridiculous but the Traditional Healers and Honey Collectors are not only in worry but also they are observing it regularly. They always say to me to do or write something about this potential threat. Clever human society is harvesting the effort of Honey Bees without paying back any thing. At present this exploitation has become neck to neck competition. There is need to conserve the natural Honey Bee population in the state. Introduction of new flora in the name of development, changing cropping pattern and increasing use of pesticides resulting in decreasing population of Honey Bees. Who is monitoring it officially? No one is having answer. Although Agricultural experts have tried to promote Apiary projects but failed. The Traders are interested in Honey from free sources like forest and they will not stop collection till the last drop of Honey exist in these forests.

Like the Herb Collectors, the Honey Collectors also confirmed that medicinal herbs in these regions are in danger. They listed out over 25 herbs requiring immediate attention. All these herbs are having hidden demand in herb trade. The authorities never know about its collection and trade, as it is never mentioned in record. According to the Honey Collectors many insects as well as herbs are associated with these traded herbs and destruction of its natural population means direct impact on associated plants and insects also. After formation of new state both legal and illegal collections have increased many folds.

As remedial measures they suggested many steps. They want to get fair prices of Honey

collected by them. In early days they were not aware of the rates the traders were getting but now they are having information but due to lack of resources they are unable to get these rates. The senior Honey Collectors want to market Honey based on its medicinal properties. They want to continue adopting traditional i.e. sustainable collection of Honey so that it can damage least to the Honeybees and comb. Many of them suggested rotational harvesting so that forest can get chance to get its original shape. I am mentioning these steps with hope that the authorities and social workers will come forward to help these Honey Collectors.

I have found the Honey Collectors of Chhattisgarh having rich traditional medicinal knowledge regarding not only Honey but also medicinal herbs. I have documented this knowledge in my previous research articles. During recent surveys when we were discussing on poor health of natives living in modern cities and their ever-increasing expenditure on health the Honey Collectors suggested simple remedy. The combination of Honey with Makkhan (Butter) is promising both as tonic as well as measure to maintain natural resistance. But they know that in urban regions it is hard to get pure Honey as well as Butter. They suggest such natives to visit forest regions like Gariaband and Mainpur once in a week in order to get Nature's herbal gifts and pure air to breathe especially for children. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Wild Animals Know Much About Herbs. Ulcers In Mouth Help in Disease Identification. Traditional Knowledge Can Keep Control Over Human Population. Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about Herbs used as Supplement in Main Treatment of AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome) in Chhattisgarh, India. 281-345. (Compilation of Extended Summaries) Herbal ways to manage the problems created by polluting sponge iron units in India. Link to other Ecoport Articles related to Honey in Chhattisgarh. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the

interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Ecoport Research Articles related to Mainpur region. Ecoport Pictures taken in Mainpur region. Ecoport Research Articles related to Gariaband region. Ecoport Pictures taken in Gariaband region. Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1652&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author.

Traditional Healing Few years back I was with Shri D.S. Parihar on tour to Amarkantak and Orissa regions. He was practicing mining expert and through structure and features of mountains and hills assessing the presence of different types of gems. We were traveling as consultants of private firm. I was there to get information about herb traders in order to make linkage between them and the private firm. Shri Parihar was on job to search precious gems. We shared the knowledge we have. Once he informed me that with the help of some tree species we can get superficial information on occurrence of precious minerals. He tried to explain it with the help of examples. He was having list of 55 such tree species. Later, on the basis of this knowledge he helped the firm to locate the hot spot for Gomed mining. Although it is still not an established science but tree species are important indicators. During student life I read Russian literatures stating that certain species of trees grow in Diamond rich areas. This reading motivated me to visit Diamond rich regions of Chhattisgarh for prospecting. When I conducted detailed Ethnobotanical surveys and discussed the information given by Shri Parihar, many of the Traditional healers showed much interest in it. They explained that it is not the trees species but it is arrangement of the trees species. They informed about various circles of trees present in surroundings of hot spots for Diamond mining.

As the Healers are not having satellite imaginary they adopt very crude method. I am trying to describe it. Unfortunately I am not Geologist and this is the reason I am describing what I have observed. The Healers climb of hill and from hilltop try to identify the circle of different trees. For layman all trees look same but if you study the canopy you will find much differences and by seeing it regularly you will able to differentiate the tree species from top. The Healers try to get the circles of one type of tree species. After climbing on different hills and passing many days we got forest having many tree circles in Mainpur region. In these circles five to seven types of common trees can be seen. Although it is visible in day light but they prefer full moon light. They believe that in full moon light Mother Nature shows these circles in distinctive way. I have yet not seen it in full moon nights. The area located in smallest circle surrounded by other circles is considered as hot spot for Diamond and other precious minerals. They claim that in small circle herbs with tuberous roots i.e. Kanda, grow in abundance. Many of them claimed that in early days such places were considered, as holy places and movement of common people were restricted. As we know Devbhog region of Chhattisgarh is having well-studied source of Diamond. As there is restriction to enter in the region I am unable to verify the information given by the Healers. The new spot we identified in Mainpur region is still far from the modern experts having advanced technology. The limitation of local method is that the hot spot must be surrounded by Hills so that circles can be studied. After all hesitation I am keeping this information through this article with hope that modern experts will come forward to try it after taking consent of the local experts. Although I am not much sure about the effectiveness of this method but whenever I pass through any hill I never miss to search such circles in valley.

During recent surveys I continued collecting information about these circles and knowledge associated with it. I have prepared the list of specific tree species. Most of these tree species are well known and used as source of medicine. One important observation is that all these tree species are having religious importance. Many of these tree species are present in the list of Shri Parihar but many are new also. I am planning to climb on hills with advanced camera and try to take the pictures of circles in order to explain this knowledge in better way.

During recent surveys my observations on status of exotic plants in Gariaband and Mainpur regions revealed that the infestation of Parthenium and Chromolaena has increased many folds in the region. Like other parts of Chhattisgarh common people are still not much aware of its harms. As no one is uprooting it these exotic weeds are spreading both in village as well as forest regions. Plantation of exotic species Jatropha is also in progress. I have noted that under pressure of authorities the officers have planted it anyhow along with road but due to lack of care hardly twenty percent plants are surviving. In many places Jatropha has been planted inside the forest. I am keeping close view as its escape inside the forest is expected. In many parts Eucalyptus sp. have been planted along with road but these exotic species are not present in large numbers. Like other parts of Chhattisgarh Eucalyptus is not affecting the quality of pure Honey in this region. In Raipur and Durg regions presence of exotic legume Sole is creating problem especially in rice bunds. I found it in Rajim region while traveling towards Gariaband but farmers informed that this weed is not creating much problem.

In previous research articles I have mentioned about different tree complexes in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. You will find tens of plants and trees growing on one tree. These tree complexes are unique and all components of these complexes are used in traditional systems of medicine in treatment of so-called incurable diseases. I have requested the natives of these regions to identify such complexes so that we can suggest the authorities to come forward for its conservation.

Wherever Pairi River has exposed the inner rocks in this region you will find magnificent colors of Mother Nature. Every color is indicator of occurrence of specific type of minerals. I have taken hundreds of pictures of these exposed rocks and added in Ecoport with hope that our Geologists will come forward to assess this hidden treasure. Many western Geologists are widening their eyes and planning to visit the region but I feel that they must go through our expert Geologists and their knowledge.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Herbs Tell Much About Surroundings. Nine New Species of Gunja (Abrus precatorius) Found in Chhattisgarh, India. Traditional medicinal knowledge about herbs and insects having Anti-Ageing properties in Indian State Chhattisgarh.5. Valuable information by Traditional Healers of Durg region. Traditional medicinal knowledge about herbs and insects used in treatment of Sickle Cell Anaemia in Indian State Chhattisgarh.41. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband region. Planning of FEW, Problems for generations Why Karanj is better than Jatropha? Keep your water sources pure through traditional knowledge about herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education

Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Ecoport Research Articles related to Mainpur region. Ecoport Pictures taken in Mainpur region. Ecoport Research Articles related to Gariaband region. Ecoport Pictures taken in Gariaband region. Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1653&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author.

Traditional Healing If you want to interact with the Herb Vendors of Orissa state then you have to search them in Chhattisgarh and other neighboring states and similarly the Herb Vendors of Chhattisgarh can be met in neighboring states round the year except during period of rice cultivation. Not all but many Herb Vendors return to their villages for rice cultivation. And if their villages are approachable then this season is best time to meet and interact with them. Although the numbers of Herb Vendors is decreasing but still we have large numbers of Vendors in India. They act as bridge between the herb collectors and Traditional Healers especially for the rare herbs, not available in surroundings. After long interactions with the Healers as well as collectors they gain much knowledge and many times I have noted that many Vendors are having richer knowledge than the Healers. These Vendors visit to rich natives for the supply of rare herbs having importance in Tantra activities. During recent surveys in Gariaband and Mainpur regions of Chhattisgarh I got opportunities to meet and interact with such Vendors.

The Herb Vendors informed that in urban areas the demand of Nadia Chirai Jam fruits is increasing year by year. The rich natives having Diabetes are aware that Jamun fruits collected from wild trees growing near river are richer in medicinal properties specially for Diabetes as compared to the Jamun available in market. They request the Herb Vendors to supply it in bulk. This is tough demand for them as it is best time for rice sowing. Many of them suggested me to introduce any young entrepreneur in order to fulfill this demand on commission basis. Through long interaction I got new information about the use of these fruits. According to them Mother Nature has provided these fruits specifically in rainy season with many objectives but common people don't utilize it for real purpose. They informed that dry as well as fresh fruits must be burnt in every home as its fumes kill the germs common in rainy season. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the natives of Chhattisgarh use many types of herbs for this purpose mainly Neem leaves but this information is new. A senior Herb Vendor informed that in early days the Healers were suggesting the relatives of patients having fever to adopt this process in order to lower down the temperature and to provide relief. They added that inhalation of fumes is beneficial for body. For increasing its efficacy one can add Haldi powder in it. From my experience I feel that addition of Bach leaves in this combination can make it best in performance. In modern cities we are having no alternative to aromatic liquid having harmful synthetic chemicals for repelling the insects. I feel that this traditional knowledge can be beneficial in such situation.

From my traveling bag I presented them special herbal oil based on traditional knowledge. I keep it with me during travel as the natives having joint pains frequently ask for such oil. In general my Mother prepare it at home and we distribute it free of cost. The Herb Vendors informed that with the simple use of Neem one can get rid from Kamar Dard (Lumbago). According to them

the root must be tied with the help of black colored string till complete relief from pain. Roots collected from old trees are used and freshly collected roots are preferred. Senior Vendors listening it said that this use is not as easy as it looks. There must be some specific point where root is tied. They were true. I have mentioned in previous research articles that in many parts of Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Orissa the Healers use the roots of medicinal herb Chirchita in order to hasten the process of childbirth. Roots are tied either on belly or around neck but this use is not very simple. The Healers know the point and this is the reason it fails to give desirable effects in most of the cases when used by natives. The Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions were not aware of exact point. They informed that they have seen its use by the Healers of Southern Chhattisgarh. I noted it with hope that when in coming surveys I will present it among the Healers they will complete the information. The Vendors also informed that the Healers of that region suggest the patients having Bavasir (Piles) to tie seeds of Safed Gunja around wrist. I see these measures as traditional combination of Acupressure and herbs. Tying herb part tightly on any spot gives opportunity to show its beneficial effects. At the same time the pressure on nerve acts as Acupressure tool.

They also informed about external use of Haldi powder in treatment of Piles. According to them the anus must be washed many times in a day with the combination of cow urine and Haldi powder as sure cure for Bleeding Piles. A Vendor named Shri Bhojan near Sikasar Dam region showed by rhizomes of wild Haldi and informed that this Haldi is more promising than common Haldi in treatment of different troubles including Piles. He also showed Sal Phutu, mushroom that grows on the roots of Sal tree and its miraculous therapeutic values.

The Herb Vendors suggested that in every home garden Sarphonk and Chhui-mui plants are must as these plants are beneficial for health of all family members. During surveys I observed one of its practical uses. In case of common burn they simply mix Sarphonk and Chhui- Mui leaves and with the help of cow ghee and prepare paste. This paste is applied externally on affected part. It acts in promising ways. They informed that use of any leaves alone can also treat this trouble effectively.

During surveys I requested the Herb Vendors to keep close view on herbs that are in danger. Also requested them to monitor the natural population of rare orchids. I wish to continue my interactions and meeting with these experts in future. You will find details in coming articles. Keep reading. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Ecoport Articles related to Nadia Chirai Jam. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia

Ecoport Research Articles related to Mainpur region. Ecoport Pictures taken in Mainpur region. Ecoport Research Articles related to Gariaband region. Ecoport Pictures taken in Gariaband region. Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1655&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing If you want to get information about therapeutic value of any river, ask to fishermen, they will give all information. Water of Pairi River is having capacity to treat many stomach related troubles. Water is easy to digest but especially in sunny days- the fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions informed. They added that this water is having capacity to nullify the effects of poison. This is the reason the Traditional Healers never miss to use this water in herbal combinations used in treatment of such patients. They also suggest the patients to drink this water in plenty after treatment up to long time. This river water is not considered very beneficial for the patients having Jaundice especially when it flows near to the Gariaband region. They are not aware of reason for it but as traditional saying they believe on it. During recent Ethnobotanical surveys I visited to small but beautiful rainfall near Gariaband town. The fishermen of Pairi River informed that the water of this waterfall is beneficial for the patients having respiratory troubles. According to them the places where water oozes out from ground must be conserved as this water is considered as best tonic to liver. Such places are common in Bagbahera region. I observed many in Gariaband and Mainpur regions also.

After the formation of new state the fishermen of these regions are both happy and unhappy. Happy because the demand of fish has increased many folds and unhappy because the competition has increased. Although hardly 6-7 species of fish are in trade but according to the Fishermen Pairi River is having rich diversity of fish full of medicinal properties. They showed me some of rare fish species. Unfortunately I am not a fish expert. Also not fond of fish as pure vegetarian. It creates much problem when I document information on traditional medicinal knowledge about fish species but thanks to modern technology that I am having digital camera, which takes nice pictures. By posting it to Ecoport I get some information about its true species by the world experts. During recent surveys I collected information on over 55 species or types of fish used as medicine along with its local name and methods of its preparation. I will add it after getting its true identification.

Every year many water-loving plants are collected for herb trade in Chhattisgarh. Plants mostly sedge growing in riverbed are uprooted and supplied to national markets. Although from surface it looks like weeds but in fact these plants play vital role in river ecosystem. Its main role is to act as soil binder. Its plant parts are food of many aquatic fauna. Presence of these plants acts as guard against invasive species to enter in river ecosystem. Many plants parts are used to attract and also to kill fish species by local people. The fishermen of these regions informed that since five years the demand of Gondla (Van Piaz) and Motha has increased many folds. The herb collectors are collecting it in bulk and as result it is hard to get a single plant in riverside after collection period. Possibly to prepare mats the collectors are collecting all types of sedge from this area. Fishermen especially senior fishermen are in much worry. Our planners are not aware of this ground reality as result they are happy that the demand of Chhattisgarh herbs is increasing in national and international markets. I feel that regular monitoring is required officially. Fishermen are doing this job with their main job of fishing but their voices are not reaching to the planners.

Like other natives the fishermen are also having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about herbs present in surroundings. They informed me about water purification properties of Kya tree. It is still in use in many villages to clear water. According to them in early days Pairi River was having rich population of this tree in nearby areas but now it is hard to get much trees. These trees play vital role in making water sources pure and full of medicinal properties. Kya fruits are in trade. Is this due to trade? I asked. They replied that trade is not affecting tree population although it is stopping it to spread further but actual danger is its use as fuel wood. Due to increasing population pressure this is common problem and during collection of tree parts as fuel wood the collectors think of its burning qualities, ignore all of its medicinal properties and its contributions to ecosystem. During survey I observed many female natives cutting this tree near

Gariaband town. I have mentioned in previous research articles that in early days Kya, also known as Nirmali tree, population was higher along with Indravati River. Now this population has decreased like in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. It is not good news.

These regions are having rich population of Bahera trees. The use of Bahera fruits as main ingredients of famous Ayurvedic combination Triphala is well known but through fishermen I got new information. They prepare special oil from Bahera fruits. This oil is considered beneficial for hair growth. They claim that it is having capacity to develop new crop of hairs on baldhead. I collected it and without any delay started its use. This oil is not available as commercial product. They prepare it in limited amount as per need.

I need four years for studying Geology, four years for fish science, four years for Entomology to make my surveys more useful. But instead of sitting 12 years in classroom for theoretical course curriculum I would prefer to pass these years in Mother Nature's fields, full of practical experiences. I will collect information related to all fields in its original form and add it in my articles with pictures with hope that someone will come forward to complete this pending job.

Keep reading my articles at Ecoport. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Ecoport Research Articles related to Mainpur region. Ecoport Pictures taken in Mainpur region. Ecoport Research Articles related to Gariaband region. Ecoport Pictures taken in Gariaband region. Photo Album of Fish species in Indian state Chhattisgarh. Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1656&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing When any patient injured due to lightening reaches to the Traditional Healers of Gariaband region they collect Kekra (Crabs) as much as possible and with the help of herbs prepare thick paste. This paste is applied externally on patient's body. This paste reduces the bad effects of shock and regular applications provide much relief. Crabs are collected from rice fields and most herbs used grow as weed in rice fields. The Healers give credit to Kekra more as compared to the herbs. Through this simple but effective traditional knowledge they have saved lives of many patients. In general crabs are considered as nuisance especially by the modern farmers and researchers as it makes home in field bunds and through the hole, stored water drained out of field. They adopt measures to manage it. The natives of Chhattisgarh adopt 'Management through utilization' concept and like this use, they use crab as food as well as medicine of common diseases. Like the natives of other parts of Chhattisgarh the natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions are also having rich traditional knowledge related to folk zootherapy. Although this knowledge is still in undocumented form but as far as it will continue to save lives it will remain in mind of the natives.

In forest regions wild breeds of rabbits are common. These breeds are much liked by wild animals as well as human beings. The Herb Collectors of these regions informed that fresh flesh of these breeds is having therapeutic values. The Traditional Healers demand for it specially when they treat the patients having Hathipav (Elephantiasis). The patients are advised to apply the meat in form of paste on affected part. According to the Healers it gives much relief to the patients. In general it is used as supplementary treatment along with main treatment of this disease. With flesh, herbs are not used. This knowledge is limited to few Healers. Many Herb collectors collect different body parts of this animal to prepare special herbal oil. They sell it in fairly high price for its aphrodisiac properties. In reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India this type of use is mentioned. The Healers are not much interested in this use as they have herbal alternatives for this purpose. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Healers of Bhopalpatnam region use the genitals of Bear for the same purpose. Many senior Healers informed that excreta of many wild animals are used externally as female

contraceptives but excreta of wild rabbits is used for opposite purpose. Excreta is used externally by female natives under supervision of Healers. The senior Healers informed that wild rabbits feeding on specific type of wild grasses during first month of rainy season are preferred for the collection of excreta.

Although wild as well as domesticated breeds of Horses are not present in these regions but the natives are aware of medicinal values of its excreta. Before independence Horses were here with the British rulers. They confirmed the styptic properties of Horse excreta. Freshly collected excreta stops all types of bleeding. They added that addition of human urine in this excreta increases the efficacy of excreta. This was new information for me. This knowledge is not in practice in these regions and this is the reason natives are forgetting it with time. There is need to document such information without any delay.

The Healers having expertise in treatment of different types of cancer use the eggs of Crow as treatment. The patients having cancerous wound are suggested by them to use these eggs internally in any form many times in a day. In general based on the age of the patients the dose of eggs is fixed. It is hard to get these eggs. The Healers take services of expert Herb Collectors for this purpose. I have yet not found any information about this use in treatment of cancerous wound. I am feeling proud to document this important traditional medicinal knowledge. Many Healers informed that the white portion of eggs give more promising effects. It is used along with internal remedies.

Although the senior natives of these regions are aware of use of Termite queen as aphrodisiac as well as general tonic but they use it less commonly for this purpose. This region is rich in wild population of Termite and natives are aware of its medicinal uses. The Healers informed that the Termites collected from Sal forest are used to prepare special eye tonic. Preparation of this tonic takes two months. After much 'purification' and adding Khaparia Bhaji this tonic is given for external use. In general it is considered as useful for the natives of all age but for old natives it is considered as boon. This tonic is not available as commercial product and Healers prepare it in limited quantities as per need.

During travel to Sikasar Dam region I met Herb Vendor having special oil for the patients having Epilepsy. He informed that in this oil many herbs are added but it is considered incomplete without the addition of common housefly. It is given to patient with instruction to massage it in extremities and head during normal time. I purchased it from him in order to get the comments of Healers on this oil but failed to meet the Healers, aware of this oil. The use of common housefly

to prepare Hair oil is well known and in use in many parts of Chhattisgarh but it use in treatment of Epilepsy is new information.

Around the world the researchers working on folk zootherapy are very less in number. If you search it in google you will find research work of Brazilian researcher who has quoted my early work in his research papers. Folk Zootherapy is in practice in many parts of the world. I see it as very important aspect of documentation. This knowledge is capable of saving lives. There is need to encourage the young researchers to come forward and contribute in documentation of knowledge related to it. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Through Bhavri and Medicinal Herbs Epilepsy is treated in Chhattisgarh. MEDICINE MITE. Traditional Knowledge about medicinal insects and mites in Chhattisgarh, India: An overview. May I suggest some medicinal herbs for Parkinsons disease? 12. Use of Ficus fruits.

Search for New Medicinal Insects and Mites in Indian State Chhattisgarh. Surprise newly wed couples this time with herbal gifts. Traditional medicinal knowledge about common herbs and insects :Interactions with the natives of village Khudmudi, Chhattisgarh, India : New comments. Some rare uses of common herbs, insects and mites in Bagbahera region, Chhattisgarh, India : Traditional Medicinal Knowledge needing special attention. (New comments) Interactions with the traditional healers and natives of Bhopalpatnam region, Chhattisgarh, India having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about common herbs insects and other animals : New comments. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Ecoport Research Articles related to Mainpur region.

Ecoport Pictures taken in Mainpur region. Ecoport Research Articles related to Gariaband region. Ecoport Pictures taken in Gariaband region. Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1657&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing While revising the list of herbs and herb parts used as Dataun in Indian state Chhattisgarh I found the name of Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius) plant. I collected information about its use for the first time from the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. The Healers of this region consider the root as sure cure for almost all dental troubles. They suggest the natives of all age group to use roots as Dataun round the year. But its availability is great constraint. It is hard to get this type of Gunja in wild. Many Healers plant it in Badi for its use. In general white seeded Gunja is considered as richer in medicinal properties as compared to other types of Gunja. The Healers informed that in early days it was available relatively easily but now it is in the list of wild herbs supplied through trade. Traders are purchasing seeds. Few weeks back I received many inquiries related to white Gunja. Many traders asked for one ton of seeds. According to the Healers the collection of seeds in bulk prevents the spread of this plant in forest and this is the reason it is in the list of endangered herbs. The Traders are enjoying this status as this less availability gives them chance to charge higher prices from the national buyers. The Healers suggest that temporary ban of two to three seasons; on collection of different herbs in rotational way can give Mother Nature some relief from the great pressure. Through Ethnobotanical surveys conducted in different parts of Chhattisgarh I have collected much

information on different aspects of this rare Gunja and documented it through my articles. In present article I am giving some new information collected from recent surveys.

Although the planners are ignoring indigenous source of sugar substitute Gunja leaves and promoting medicinal plant of Paraguay i.e. Stevia but still the Healers use leaves of Gunja in order to make bitter decoction sweet. I have mentioned in previous research articles that in many parts the leaves of Scoparia dulcis are used for this purpose. White Gunja is considered more safe and sweet that other Gunja types.

The Healers of Keshkal region use the specific caterpillar feeding on Gunja leaves during rainy season as medicine. I am in process of identifying this insect. They collect full fed caterpillar and after shade drying convert it into fine powder. This powder is added in popular herbal combinations used in treatment of intermittent fever. The insects feeding on White Gunja are considered richer in terms of medicinal properties. Gunja plant parts are not added in these herbal combinations. This caterpillar in polyphagus and in many years it prefers to feed on other herbs. In such condition many Healers adopt force-feeding method. The senior Healers are not much convinced with this method. Insect is not used alone as medicine. I searched the references literatures related to Ethno entomology but failed to get any information on this aspect. It seems that this traditional knowledge is coming among the world community for the first time through this research article.

Although plant parts of White Gunja are considered as toxic specially its seeds but the Healers still prefer its use after purification. They use roots and leaves, as these parts are free from toxins. According to the Healers of Keshkal valley the roots are having immense potential to induce sleep and through judicial use of roots externally chronic cases of Insomnia can be solved. In general they use the root paste externally. It is applied on forehead and very soon the patients get sound sleep. They prepare special herbal oil from it also.

Like use of insect feeding on Gunja leaves, the information on its Allelopathic potential is also new for world community. The Healers of different parts of Chhattisgarh use the extract and leachate of Gunja plants to treat sick trees. In general they prepare extract by dipping whole plant at flowering, in water for specific period and then collecting the extract. The extract is applied near the base of old forest trees of Mahua, Beeja, Char and Sal. According to the Healers this extract promotes the growth of such trees and help them to fight with diseases. It is not wrong to say as natural plant tonic. In previous research articles I have mentioned that Sal trees in Chhattisgarh are dyeing due to unknown disease and through Traditional Allelopathic

Knowledge we can save it. The use of White Gunja can play vital role in this regard. The leachate is collected by applying water on top of the plant and by collecting it from root zone. Many Healers try to collect the water of first rain from these plants before its fall on ground. This leachate is used as vitalizer for both human beings and cattle. The Healers irrigate new plants of Kali Haldi and Kali Musli with it in order to make it rich in medicinal properties. I would like to mention here that these extract and leachate are very specific in action and not give same result in all species of trees. During my experiments at farmer's fields few years back I found the extract of White Gunja very useful for many medicinal and aromatic crops. I tried it successfully both in laboratory and field with medicinal crops Kasturi Bhindi and Sarpgandha. I feel that there is need for systematic scientific trials to exploit the Allelopathic potential of this medicinal herb.

Before ending this article I would like to mention that Dataun prepared from White Gunja plant is considered boon for the patients having oral cancer. The Healers claim that it acts as preventive also. I feel that there is need to conserve this medicinal herb in wild and popularize its use as Dataun among common people specially among modern youths addicted of Gutkha. Through ongoing surveys I am trying to collect more information on this herb.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about Herbal Tea in Indian State Chhattisgarh.27. Gunja Ke Chai. Nine New Species of Gunja (Abrus precatorius) Found in Chhattisgarh, India. Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about Herbs used as Supplement in Main Treatment of AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome) in Chhattisgarh, India. 1-280. (Compilation of Extended summaries with New comments) Stevia rebaudiana : A new herb in Chhattisgarh, India. (New comments) Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about medicinal herbs and insects in Indian State Chhattisgarh: Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted in year 2005. Link to other Ecoport Articles on Abrus. Major Indian medicinal plants used in Ayurveda and Unani systems of medicine.

Medicinal species of Indian state Chhattisgarh commonly used in Tantra activities. National and international inquiries regarding minor forest produces of Indian state Chhattisgarh received during October, 2006. (First fortnight) Decreasing availability of medicinal herbs in Korur range, Southern Chhattisgarh, India. Stimulatory and inhibitory Allelopathic effects of Parthenium on different plants : Research findings of SOPAM. National and international inquiries regarding minor forest produces of Indian state Chhattisgarh received during November 19 to 24, 2006. Related References Monte Prazeres S do Alves GD Alencar Barbosa MC de Do Monte Prazeres S De Alencar Barbosa MC (1992) Effect of soaking the seed tegument of Abrus precatorius L. on embryo growth. Dimetry NZ El Gengaihi S Reda AS Amer SAA (1990) Toxicity of some compounds isolated from Abrus precatorius L. seeds towards the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch. Reda AS Dimetry NZ Amer SAA Motawe HM (1989) Activity of Abrus precatorius L. extracts and compounds isolated on orientation and oviposition behaviour of the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch. Reda AS Dimetry NZ Amer SAA El Gengaihi S (1990) The role of Abrus precatorius alkaloid on settling, reproduction and development in Tetranychus urticae Koch. Hegde R Maiti TK Podder SK Ramesh Hegde (1991) Purification and characterization of three toxins and two agglutinins from Abrus precatorius seed by using lactamyl-sepharose affinity chromatography. Kaushik P Khanna P (1992) Insecticidal substances from in vivo and in vitro tissue culture of Abrus precatorius L. Dimetry NZ El Gengaihi S Reda AS Amer SAA (1992) Biological effects of some isolated Abrus precatorius L. alkaloids towards Tetranychus urticae Koch. Dimetry NZ Abdalla EF (1988) Feeding deterrent effects of various extracts of the bead tree, Abrus precatorius, seeds towards Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.). Dimetry NZ Abdalla EF (1988) Bioactivity of Abrus precatorius seeds extracts against the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch. Barri MES El Dirdiri NI Abu Damir H Idris OF (1990) Toxicity of Abrus precatorius in Nubian goats. Rahman A Mia AS (1972) Abrus precatorius poisoning in cattle. Oudhia P. (2003) Abrus precatorius. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia

Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1664&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Like every survey during recent surveys I kept information about medicinal uses of different herbs mentioned in ancient Indian literatures especially in Garud Puran with me so that I can take comments of common people especially of Traditional Healers about its present status in Chhattisgarh. In general I have noted that the Healers consider the information given in these literatures incomplete. Based on their experiences they add or delete many information. Also many times they totally deny that they are not aware of this formulation. In such cases many of them show interest and after getting complete information start experimentation on their patients. Whenever I get time I try to meet and interact them regarding progress of this experimentation. I always feel that there is need to add new information and experimental findings in ancient literatures in order to enrich it. Our ancestors have given us this treasure. Now it is our turn to give contributions. During recent surveys I collected information on herbs and herbal combinations used in treatment of poison.

According to Garud Puran, Chhui-Mui or Lajjawanti is having capacity to nullify the effects of different types of poison. According to it, by smearing the root paste of this herb on hand one can catch any poisonous snake without any fear. It is also mentioned that by simply tying root on wrist one can get protection from snakes. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the natives as well as Traditional Healers of Ambikapur region use the roots of this herb in treatment of scorpion sting. They keep the root inside the mouth before sucking the venom from affected art. This herb is popularly used by the natives engaged in Tantra activities in Chhattisgarh. When I informed about the information given in Garud Puran, the Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur

region informed that this root may be effective for specific snake but not for all types of snakes. Many literatures keep all snakes in one category but according to them specific snake shows specific reaction to specific herb. They further commented that any snake can be captured even without any herb. It requires patience and also some sort of trick. Snake must not feel uncomfortable during this catch. One can use such herbs during public demonstration. The Healers of Kanker region confirmed that the information given in ancient literature is true to some extent. They use the roots of medicinal weed Sarphonk along with Chhui-Mui roots. They collect the roots of both herbs on Rishi Panchami. They consider this combination of roots very useful for the farm workers engaged in weeding and other fieldwork. They suggested them to tie it on wrist. But many times it is not feasible to use it in this way. In such cases they suggest its use in form of locket or Tabiz. I have observed in Chhattisgarh Plains that many times the farmers leave both herbs while clearing field bunds with hope that its presence will restrict the entry of poisonous snakes and scorpions. The Healers of Bastar regions are aware of this use but they use other locally available herbs for this purpose. They use Chhui-Mui in rare cases considering it as 'Powerful' herb. I have mentioned in previous research articles that Patthalgaon region of Raigarh is rich in snake population and every year due to snake bites many natives die. I feel that there is need to evaluate the efficacy of these herbs in this region with the help of traditional as well as modern experts.

Kodo is one of the traditional crops of Bastar region. The ancient literatures write much about the herbal cure for cattle injured due to feeding on Kodo. During recent surveys the Traditional Healers informed that Kodo plant is having the capacity to nullify harmful effects of many poisons. In case of poisoning due to unknown reason they use the roots of Kodo plant collected during vegetative stage. Roots are given internally with large amount of cow ghee. They claim that in most of the cases patients get much relief from it. The use of fresh roots is required. This is reason they use it during specific season only. For round the year use they select different herbs as per availability. They further informed that the use of cow ghee with sugar in large amount before taking Liquor helps the users to remain in control. According to them in early days the tribal heads as well as members of royal families were using this secret formulation during meetings with rivals. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Healers of Chhattisgarh suggest the use of Amli in any form in order to reduce the harmful effects of liquor.

Garud Puran writes about the use of decoction prepared from Tulsi and Ankol roots up to three nights in order to nullify the effects of poison of unknown origin. In Chhattisgarh, forests are rich in natural population of Ankol trees and the natives of these regions are aware of tradition uses of Ankol plant parts for this purpose. They conformed the efficacy of its roots but most of them showed surprise in use of Tulsi. The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains use the roots of Bhirra and Karra along with Ankol roots in complicated cases but they have never heard about the use of

Tulsi. They informed that in combination also Ankol roots play central role. In general through the symptoms of patients the Healers get clues for the causes of poison and start systematic treatment. This is the reason the formulations used in treatment of poisoning due to unknown reason are used less commonly. During recent surveys I have noted that such formulations are frequently used by the Healers engaged in treatment of modern natives. In order to nullify the effects of modern drugs they use these formulations like Homoeopath uses Nux vomica.

The above-mentioned information is very valuable. I fee l that there is need of similar interactions and surveys in other parts of India so that we can verify and enrich our traditional knowledge. Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Possible ways of managing poisonous snakes in urban homes. Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about Herbal Tea in Indian State Chhattisgarh.28. Chhui-Mui Ke Chai. May I suggest some medicinal herbs for Parkinsons disease? 8. Use of Rakhia Paak. Comments of Traditional Healers of Indian State Chhattisgarh on Ayurveda Formulations. 13. Nimbpatra Yoga. Lets Begin Herbal Tea Revolution Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about medicinal herbs Koha (Terminalia arjuna) and Sarphonk (Tephrosia purpurea) in Chhattisgarh plains, India : New comments. Ankol (Alangium lamarckii) as medicinal herb in Chhattisgarh India : New comments. It was Traditional medicinal knowledge that saved my life. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Related References Oudhia P. Dixit A. (1994) Weeds in Ambikapur (Madhya Pradesh) region and their traditional use. Oudhia P. (2001) Traditional medicinal knowledge about a noxious weed, jal kumbhi (Eichhornia crassipes), in Chhattisgarh (India) Oudhia P. (1999) Traditional medicinal knowledge about Red velvet mite Trombidium sp. (Acari : Trombidiidae) in Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2001) Traditional medicinal knowledge about Bed Bug Cimex lectularius L.(Hemiptera: Cimicidae) in Chhattisgarh (India). Oudhia P. (2001) Traditional medicinal knowledge about Pod borer Helicoverpa armigera in Chhattisgarh, India. Oudhia P. (2000) Traditional medicinal knowledge about green leaf hopper, Nephotettix spp. in Chhattisgarh (India). Oudhia P. Pal A.R. Pali G.P. (2002) Traditional medicinal knowledge about common crop weeds in Bagbahera (India) region : A survey . Oudhia P. (2002) Traditional medicinal knowledge about Fireflies, Photuris sp.(Coleoptera : Lampyridae)in Chhattisgarh (India). Oudhia P. (2002) Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about Chickpea in India with special reference to Chhattisgarh.

Oudhia P. (2002) Traditional medicinal knowledge about Red Ant Oecophylla smaragdina (Fab.) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)in Chattisgarh, India. Oudhia P. (2002) Traditional medicinal knowledge about common insects and mites in India. Oudhia P. (2001) Traditional medicinal knowledge about common crop weeds in Bagbahera (India) region : A survey. Oudhia P. (2005) Unique Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge about Herbs in Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2005) Traditional Knowledge about medicinal insects and mites in Chhattisgarh, India: An overview. Oudhia P. (2006) Environment Management and Biodiversity Conservation through Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge : A new approach. Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Aapas main baatane se badhta hai paramparik gyan. (Traditional knowledge propogates through sharing.)- Hindi Article. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Ab na laga paye koi lanchhan bhartiya paramparik chikitsa paddhatiyon par. ( Indian traditional medicinal systems must remain free from blame.)- Hindi Article. Oudhia P. (2002) The documentation of Traditional medicinal knowledge about common herbs and insects in Chhattisgarh, India : Few words about me and my work. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Oudhia P. (2006) Krishi ke paramparik gyan ka samrakshan : Samay ki avshyakta. (Protection of traditional knowledge about Agriculture : Need of the day.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Ecoport Link to Research Publications of Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1665&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing The science of Allelopathy describes that every plant on this earth secrets specific chemicals known as Allelochemicals. Through these Allelochemcials they maintains dominance in nature. Many species are known for high Allelopathic power. These species show clear dominance in nature. Unaware of this science and its explanation in this form the Traditional Healers of Indian state Chhattisgarh are using the soil collected from root zones of such strong plants as medicine for human beings and cattle and also as tool in organic farming of herbs. In my previous research articles I have mentioned about the rich traditional medicinal knowledge about rice soil. The early Healers were aware of Allelopathic potential of traditional rice varieties. Although this knowledge is in danger and now limited to very few Healers but still it is in practice in different parts of Chhattisgarh. During recent Ethnobotanical surveys I tried to collect more information on this aspect in order to document it for future generation.

The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains are aware of medicinal potential of soil collected near to the Tulsi root zone. Tulsi in well-known herb of religious as well as medicinal importance in Chhattisgarh. Instead of collecting soil from Tulsi growing in Tulsi Chaura in every home they prefer Tulsi plants growing in wild under stressed condition. According to them hard situations force the plants to become richer in medicinal properties. The soil is collected during winter morning. Possibly dewdrops play important role in this regard. The patients having skin related troubles are suggested by them to apply aqueous paste of this special soil on affected part. It is used as supplement treatment along with main treatment of these troubles. It is very useful in treatment of Ringworm. In case of Leucoderma they use it less commonly.

While traveling in Gariaband region I observed Healers collecting soil from root zone of Kumhi tree. The Healers informed that this soil is useful for Termite problem. They fill the Termite mound with this soil. They claimed that this special soil repels Termites in effective way. Termite mounds near to houses are managed through this traditional approach. This is really unique information.

The Healers of Durg region collect the soil from root zone of winter season weed Sahadevi. This soil is used externally in treatment of hair related troubles. The patients are advised to wash hairs with this soil till complete cure. This soil is considered beneficial for premature hair falling. They are having different criteria for the selection of Sahadevi plants. Sahadevi growing with Blumea plants is preferred. Sahadevi growing with Tridax is not preferred. They are not aware of its science but as traditional rules they are following it strictly.

The soil collected from root zone of Rohina tree is considered useful in treatment of Migraine. The Healers of Mainpur region informed about its use. The soil is applied externally on head during attack. Patients are suggested to use it up to long time. Old trees are preferred for the collection of soil. They use freshly collected soil. Winter morning is preferred for the collection.

In previous research articles I have mentioned Bar tree complex of Gariaband region. The soil collected near to this tree complex is added in soil used for making inner walls of houses. According to the Healers addition of this special soil protects members living in these houses from common diseases and also from evil spirits. Before collection of soil they worship the tree and request to enrich the soil with medicinal properties. Always soil is collected in limited quantity and it is collected at interval of at least three months.

The soil collected from root zone of Seetaphal plants growing in wild is used as Ethno-veterinary medicine by the natives of Southern Chhattisgarh. It is used both internally as well as externally. At the time of infectious disease especially in rainy season the natives use it more commonly.

In small-scale field trials in Southern Chhattisgarh with the help of local farmers I tested soils collected from different tree species on growth of Safed Musli plants. In selection of potential tree species the traditional knowledge of farmers helped me a lot. Before conducting experiment they told me about the beneficial effect of soil collected from Dhanbaher tree on Safed Musli plant. I found it true in experiment. They further informed that as compared to Safed Musli, Kali Musli plants give more positive response. Later they showed me Nature's experimental fields in nearby forest where these herbs were growing near Dhanbaher trees.

Through surveys I collected information on over 750 types of medicinal soils. I have tested efficacy of few through pot and field experiments also. I feel that there is need for detailed surveys and also detailed field trials in different parts of Chhattisgarh. The emphasis must be on

identification of Allelochemicals present in soil and its isolation. Young researchers reading this article are requested to think on this direction as I see it as new aspect of science having much scope. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Link to Ecoport Articles on medicinal soil. Related References

Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1673&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing

In general the use of Dataun is considered beneficial for the mouth related troubles. The natives of Indian state Chhattisgarh use many types of Dataun to clean mouth and also to get rid from different troubles. Dataun prepared from Bambri, Neem and Mahua are commonly used by them. Few months back I got information about special Dataun having many beneficial effects on whole body. I was observing television in Durg region sitting with the Traditional Healers and other villagers, suddenly the advertisement of toothpaste claiming multiple benefits appeared. According to advertisement, this paste is beneficial for stomach as well as sexual performance. In reaction the Healers said that that with the help of Kasdi Dataun one can get these benefits without much investment. During late night discussion in summer night I asked about this Dataun. The Healers informed that Kasdi is common plant and present in surroundings. Dataun prepared from its roots is having many beneficial effects. Although it is not in much use by the natives, possibly due to its taste but its regular use keeps the mouth from all types of diseases. In earlier days the newly wed couples were suggested to use this Dataun, twice a day, in order to increase their performance. According to the Healers, it can be used at many occasions in a year but its regular use reduces its effects. Next day they showed me the plant and also the part used as Dataun. I have written a lot on different types of Dataun but this information is new for me and very important also.

Later when I discussed it with the Healers of Bastar region they suggested the use of four types of Dataun in specific sequence in order to get more promising results. They suggested the use of Ankol Dataun at morning, Neem Dataun before meals, Kasdi Dataun before evening breakfast and Mahua Dataun before dinner. The users are instructed to swallow the juice while using it. These Dataun are having many advantages. It protects users from different diseases, increases resistance power, improves sexual performances, purifies blood and manages constipation. Many senior Healers informed that in early days they were suggesting it to the members of royal family. What will happen if we give the juice of these parts to users? I asked. The Healers replied that it may give beneficial effects but for real effect one must use it in form of Dataun and up to long time. They also tried to memorize about sets of over 20 types of Dataun used in early days for different purposes but failed. Later I got this information from the Healers of Kanker and Keshkal valley region. Please see this Table for these traditional combinations.

The Healers give credit to our food habits and social structures that in Chhattisgarh the patients having problem of {{Nymphomania}g} are very less in number. In traditional systems of medicine in India, there are hundreds of formulations used for this purpose. The Healers of Chhattisgarh are also aware of these formulations. The Healers of Bastar region informed about unique 'Urine therapy' for such patients. They collect the urine of bull, cow, goat and sheep and in alternate doses give to the patients. Urine is used after traditional purification. They have specific criteria for the collection of urine. They claim that use of all types of urine in specific

manner treats the patients effectively in very less time. It is really surprising that this formulation is used for treatment of cattle also. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Healers of other parts of Chhattisgarh use Neem leaf juice in higher amount to treat this disease. Neem is not used with different types of urine.

When I see the dark black hairs of our senior natives I never miss to ask the secret. Most of the natives give credit to simple life style, full of hard work and natural food. Our youths are loosing hair in their young age. Just after start of hair problem, they adopt modern commercial products and very soon they get rid of it as they loose all hairs. Baldness is not considered as serious disease but the Healers of Chhattisgarh believe that hairs play important role and without it the natives become more susceptible to many diseases especially to respiratory troubles. This is the reason they suggest such natives to always cover the baldhead and protect from direct exposure to air. In traditional systems of medicine there are thousands of herbs and herbal formulations useful for hair related troubles. The Healers give more emphasis on prevention than treatment. Many potherbs are considered beneficial as preventive to hair related troubles. The senior Healers of Bagbahera region claimed that the use of Kanta Bhaji as potherb is having this potential. This herb grows as wasteland weed in surroundings. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the honey collectors smear its juice on body before collection of Honey in order to get protection from bee sting. The Healers of Bagbahera also prepare oil from this herb for hair care but its use, as curry is considered more promising. The natives are suggested to use this curry since childhood regularly in order to get protection from hair troubles. This potherb is also having other beneficial effects on health.

As I always write that by making these formulations and uses popular among the youth of present generation we can attract them to search commercial aspects of it. Through small-scale industries these formulations can be utilized to generate revenue. The most important point is that its popularization will conserve this traditional medicinal knowledge. I feel that there is need for immediate action in this regard so that success stories can motivate others to come forward for this work. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Link to Ecoport Articles on Potherbs Link to Ecoport Articles on Dataun Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe

Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1674&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing The Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains suggest the patients having Leucoderma to make friendship with medicinal herb Doobi because according to them both internal and external uses of this herb helps the patients to get rid from disease effectively in very less time. I have mentioned in previous research articles that different types of Herbal cloths are in use as remedy for different diseases in Indian state Chhattisgarh. The Healers suggest patients to wear cloths prepared from Doobi grass so that it can remain in contact with spots up to long time. For patients having lesser spots application of thin layer of grass is recommended whereas the patients having spots allover body are advised to wear it in form of cloth. As it is not possible to

wear it always, they suggest its use on Sunday. The Healers of Bagbahera region prepare special herbal oil using whole herb of Doobi and use this oil externally as treatment. Many Healers are in favor of its use in form of juice internally. Through recent Ethnobotanical surveys I collected many new information like this. I am giving details in present article.

The senior natives of Chhattisgarh still remember traditional rice Kubri Mohar for its aroma and taste. Now its cultivation is limited to very few areas. For the Traditional Healers it is medicinal rice. They still recommend its use as medicine. The Healers of Durg and Bilaspur regions suggest the patients having Leucoderma to consume Bhat prepared from this traditional medicinal rice. Many of them claim that in areas where it is consumed daily, the cases of Leucoderma and other related troubles are less in number. I feel that there is need for study to confirm this claim. The young researchers reading this article can take this topic as project during their studies. In general, Ayurveda practitioners suggest the patients to avoid use of rice in any form. Many Healers also support it and suggest addition of Haldi in rice in order to nullify its harmful effects. But they permit certain traditional medicinal rice like Kubri Mohar.

The Healers of {{Mahasamund region}e} informed that Gud is beneficial for the patients having Leucoderma. Among vegetables they recommend the use of Parwal and Kumhda. Both vegetables are consumed with much taste in Chhattisgarh. In urban areas it is hard to get quality Parwal. For urban population it is grown by using heavy doses of pesticides. Also many times it is dipped in synthetic green color to make it attractive. The Healers are not in favor of use of such Parwal. They suggest the patients to raise both vegetables organically in their home garden or Badi and use it as per need. I have mentioned in previous research articles that use of Bhata in any form including as vegetable is restricted for these patients.

When I was discussing about the uses of Herbal glasses and bowls prepared from Beeja, Koha and Jhau, with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region, in reply they informed about special bowls prepared from Khair and Bahera wood, separately. The patients are advised to fill the bowl prepared from Khair with water at nighttime and next morning take it internally empty stomach. They claimed that at initial stages it acts like miracle. They suggest the patients prone to this disease to start its use as preventive measure. Bowls prepared from Bahera wood are considered less effective. They informed that Koha glasses are useful for these patients also. In general, Koha glasses are used for heart troubles. I searched the reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India but failed to get any information on this aspect. In Garud Puran use of Bahera and Koha barks in form of decoction along with other medicines has been mentioned. The Healers have acquired this knowledge from ancestors and practicing it sincerely without much modification. These bowls are not available as commercial products in market.

The Healers of Pithora region informed about the use of medicinal herb Aparajita in treatment of Leucoderma. They grow many plants in their Badi and when patients reach to them start giving juice of one small plant daily up to seven days or more based on the condition of the patients. It is used as main treatment. They claim that in many cases alone this treatment cures the trouble. According to them after flowering this herb looses its medicinal properties. The Healers of Durg region are also aware of this treatment but they use it less commonly. The Healers of Dhamtari region suggested that one must use it under the supervision of the experts. They added that the patients having menstrual troubles with Leucoderma respond more quickly than other patients.

In general these patients take Bemchi seeds in different forms. The Healers of Mainpur region informed that use of cow milk in large amount during use of Bemchi seeds gives better results. Cow milk helps body in utilization of medicinal properties of Bemchi seeds. This is important information. In general the reference literatures lack such important as well as practical tips.

The above-mentioned information is very useful. As the patients having Leucoderma are increasing and modern medical sciences are unable to provide relief to them, there is need to search promising remedies in traditional systems of medicine. Instead of trying herbs mentioned in ancient literatures there is need to take expert's comments from the Healers practicing this knowledge in remotes areas, near to Mother Nature. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Link to Ecoport Articles on Leucoderma. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi.

Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1676&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Although Chana or Gram is cultivated for its seeds but during cropping season the natives and Traditional Healers of Indian state Chhattisgarh use its different parts even insects attacking on it and soil collected from its root zone as medicine both internally as well as externally in treatment of many diseases. This knowledge is limited to few people but still it is in practice. They prefer use of organically growing Gram crop for this purpose. During recent surveys the Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains suggested me to collect the soil near to its root zone and use as medicine. They collect this soil during morning time when dewdrops are present on it. Paste is prepared and patients having problem of Migraine are suggested to apply it on head. It is used during normal time as well as during pain. Soil paste is washed after drying. The patients are advised to use soil in this way throughout season. They are instructed to go for morning walk and collect soil by themselves. The Healers informed that the crop in stress must be selected for the collection of soil, if possible. As student of Allelopathy I am aware that during stress, plants release Allelochemcials in large amount. These natural chemicals enrich Gram soil with medicinal properties. The Healers informed another simple use of it. It is useful in treatment of Insomnia. The patients are advised to apply soil in sole many times in a day specially before

going to sleep. The Healers claim that within week they get rid from this trouble in most of the cases.

The Healers of Durg region select the Gram crop having heavy infestation of different weeds. They informed that Gram crop having heavy infestation of Akarkara is good site for the collection of medicinal soil. It means that in such sites Allelochemcials of both Akarkara and Gram plants enrich soil. This soil is used externally in form of paste in treatment of common skin diseases. It is considered as boon for the patients having Eczema. The patients are advised to take bath throughout winter with this soil.

The Gram fields having heavy infestation of Bathua are preferred for collection of medicinal soil useful in treatment of Leucoderma. Soil is applied in same manner but patients are advised to sit under sunlight after application. Best time for this exposure is 11.45 A.M. to 12.45 P.M. The Healers of young generation are using this soil in different way. They add cow urine and Bemchi seeds in it and suggest the patients to apply it in paste form on affected parts. Then expose it to sun during the above mentioned time period. I have mentioned in previous articles that Bemchi is used with cow urine in this way in different parts of Chhattisgarh. It is also mentioned in reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India but the modified way of its use with medicinal soil shows the interest of young Healers in traditional knowledge. They informed that presence of medicinal soil protects the skin from irritation resulted from application of Bemchi and cow urine.

The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains are also aware of uses of soil collected from Lathyrus fields. Lathyrus is known as Tiwra locally. The Healers of Bagbahera region informed that they collect soil during morning hours and use it externally in treatment of painful boils. In form of paste soil is applied on boils. It reduces its 'anger' and within no time suppression starts. I have mentioned in previous research articles that black soil is used in this way as home remedy for this purpose. The Healers informed that soil collected from Lathyrus fields is more effective than normal soil. They added that soil must be collected before flowering in crop. I feel that there must be some scientific reason behind it. The Healers are not aware of this reason. As traditional rule they are following it sincerely without any modification.

For joint pain due to severe cold during winter the Healers use Gram plants in unique way. They collect the young plants and boil it in water. Medicated vapors are directed to affected parts. This simple use gives immense relief. It is considered useful for common cough and cold also. The natives are suggested to inhale it. In reference literatures the use of boiled leaves of Gram plants

externally on painful joints has been mentioned. Also it is in use in different parts of Chhattisgarh but this new information has yet not been reported in reference literatures.

From the Healers engaged in treatment of Sickle Cell Anaemia I got information that they add Gram roots as important ingredient in herbal formulations used in treatment. New roots are used. Roots are collected from young plants. They use it in dry form. Shade drying is adopted.

From the herb vendors of Chhattisgarh Plains I got information that by boiling Lathyrus and Nirgundi plants in Sarson oil, special oil is prepared. This oil is used externally in treatment of Paralysis. In general the modern experts blame Lathyrus for paralysis due to its toxic contents. It is really surprising that it is in use in form of traditional formulation to treat Paralysis. This oil is not available as commercial product in market.

As the use of agrochemicals is increasing in commercial cultivation of Gram as well as Lathyrus, the Healers are facing problem of getting pure medicinal soil. Many of them are searching other alternatives. It shows that this traditional knowledge and practice is in danger. There is need to provide scientific base to this knowledge and also to popularize its use among common people so that it will remain with them since generations. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Ecoport Articles on Gram. Ecoport Articles on Lathyrus Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives

Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Oudhia P. (1999) Allelopathic effects of some obnoxious weeds on germination and seedling vigour of Lathyrus sativus. Oudhia P. (1999) Possibilities of providing an additional income to Lathyrus farmers of Chattisgarh through medicinal weeds. Oudhia P. (2001) Evaluation of Allelopathic effects of some fruit tree leaf extracts on emergence and seedling vigour of Lathyrus var.Biol-212. Oudhia P. Kolhe S.S. Tripathi R.S. (1997) Allelopathic effect of Calotropis gigantea R. Br. on germination and seedling vigour of chickpea. Oudhia P. Kolhe S.S. Tripathi R.S. (1997) Allelopathic effect of white top (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) on chickpea. Oudhia P. Kolhe S.S. Tripathi R.S. (1998) Germination and seedling vigour of chickpea as affected by Allelopathy of Datura stramonium L. Oudhia P. (1999) Studies on Allelopathy and medicinal weeds in chickpea fields. Oudhia P. Kolhe S.S. Tripathi R.S. (1997) Allelopathic effect of Blumea lacera L. on chickpea and rabi weeds. Oudhia P. (2000) Allelopathic effects of Lantana camara L. on chickpea. Oudhia P. (2001) Allelopathic research on chickpea seeds in Chattisgarh (India) region: An overview. Oudhia P. (2002) Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about Chickpea in India with special reference to Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. Kolhe S.S. Tripathi R.S. (1998) Germination and seedling vigour of chickpea as affected by allelopathy of Ageratum conyzoides L. Oudhia P. Tripathi R.S. (2000) Allelopathic effects of Beshram (Ipomoea carnea) on germination and seedling vigour of chickpea. Oudhia P. Tripathi R.S. Katiyar P. (1999) Germination and seedling vigour of chickpea as affected by allelopathy of Lantana camara L. Internet Links

Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1677&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Kala Agar 9 parts, Khas 2 parts, Nagarmotha 4 parts, Tagar 2 parts, Ami Haldi 2 parts, Chandan 18 parts, Gulab Kali 2 parts, Guggal 2 parts, Loban 4 parts, Shilaras 18 parts, Kasturi 1 part, Maida Lakdi 9 parts, Gud and Bans ki seenk - I got this complete information along with Agarbatti packet from my friend from North India. According to him this Agarbatti is home made and it purifies the air. These days I am need of pure air. Few months back I was in Raigarh region to conduct study on impact of sponge iron plants on biodiversity of the region. At that time the green forest covered with thick layer of black dust (I named it as Black forest) shocked me a lot and motivated to work on this aspect throughout this life. Now this pollution has reached to my doorstep. In capital city of Raipur when we see our sole, we found it complete black. Black dust is coming inside our houses silently and we are unable to do anything. Seeing this situation my friend presented me this special Agarbatti having capacity to purify air. I searched the reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India and found that this formulation is mentioned in many places. Although I received it as gift but I am aware this formulation is having many costly ingredients. Many ingredients are rare and it is not possible to make it in Chhattisgarh. As I always do, I decided to show it to the Traditional Healers of different regions and get their comments. After detailed surveys I got interesting information. I am giving details in present article.

The Traditional Healers of Kanker region thanked me for this gift and added that Kasturi is not available with them. They suggested the addition of locally available aromatic herb Kasturi

Bhindi in place of Kasturi obtained from Musk Deer. Although Maida trees are available in this region but due to over collection the natural population is in danger. This is the reason its collection is banned by the state authorities. The senior Healers informed that in early days they were using Maida for preparing different types of Agarbatti. They still remember the miraculous effects of Agarbatti prepared for the patients having mental troubles. In early days they were using Maida bark as food during religious fast. Herbal Tea prepared from this bark is considered as boon for the natives having obesity. It reduces fat without any side effects. Both Agar and Tagar are also not available in this region. For air purification they suggested Agarbatti having Motha, Neem leaves, Bach leaves, Kukronda leaves and Kasturi Bhindi as main ingredients. They use it during rainy days in order to repel away the flies. All these herbs are available in surroundings without paying any cost. I feel that it is its effect due to which it is still popular among them.

The Healers of Bagbahera region also showed the same response. They prepare Agarbatti having Neem, Bhirra, Dikamali, Van Tulsa, Kukronda, Motha and Bach rhizome powder as main ingredients. They are aware that the fumes purify the air. That is why it is burnt in patient's room. It is also used to repel away mosquitoes but they accepted that mosquitoes develop resistant power very soon to such natural products. They are having six formulations for mosquitoes. They use it in rotation. Possibly to confuse the mosquito population.

Modern Agarbatti having synthetic chemicals added for sharp odor in fumes irritates many people especially to Asthma patients. But they have no choice. In religious ceremonies perfumed Agarbatti are used quite commonly. The Healers of Durg region claim that the Agarbatti prepared by them are beneficial for respiratory system and especially useful for the patients having respiratory troubles. They prepare twelve types of Agarbatti using over 35 types of aromatic herbs. Khas locally known as Urai, Kukronda, Dikamali, Sarai Gond, Datura, Bach, Lemon grass, Van Tulsa, Tulsi, Nimbu, Adusa etc. are these ingredients. They accepted my gift and said without any delay that it is Agarbatti for rich natives by knowing its ingredients.

During interaction with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region I got information about different types of aromatic tubers used to prepare such Agarbatti. They showed me tubers but I failed to identify it in terms of botanical names. In place of Agarbatti they prefer use of raw herbs. During different religious and social ceremonies they burn the herbal combinations. They confirmed that such combinations are having capacity to kill harmful germs and purify the air.

None of above-mentioned Agarbatti are available as commercial product in market. I noted

during surveys that senior Healers are having much faith on it as compared to young Healers. These traditional products are becoming less popular in rural and forest region due to efficient marketing by the companies engaged in manufacturing of routine Agarbatti. These products are available in attractive packets. In small village of Durg region when I presented the traditional Agarbatti to village head, he showed surprise. He burnt it and appreciated its aroma. He got information about it through me. I collected it from the Healer of same village. This example shows our ignorance towards treasure spread around us. In Chhattisgarh hundreds of self-help groups are active. I feel that these groups must promote traditional products among common people. These groups must not become the target of multi national companies as easy way to reach into rural market through them.

As I always write that there is need to make aware the rural youths about these traditional products. There must be facilities by the authorities for the interested youths eager to start Agarbatti making units. The support of authorities is required in marketing of these products, at least at initial stage. I feel that this is one the steps through which we will be able to avoid largescale migration of rural youths to different parts of India in search of good job. Am I wrong? Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Link to Ecoport Articles on herbs used in respiratory troubles. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi.

Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1678&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Few months back I was searching old pond at Sihawa region having therapeutic values. According to the reference literatures related to history of Chhattisgarh earlier there was a pond in this region with water having capacity to treat all types of skin diseases. During this visit I met Traditional Healers of this region and shared information about medicinal herbs used in treatment of skin diseases specially Leucoderma by the healers of other regions. When our discussion reached to Karanj and its medicinal oil, the senior Healers informed that while using Karanj plant parts both internally as well as externally in treatment of Leucoderma, the patients must pass some time under shade of this tree. According to them, shade of Karanj trees increases the effects of medicines. They further informed that young trees are more beneficial in terms of therapeutic values than old trees especially in case of Leucoderma. Karanj is well known tree of medicinal importance in Chhattisgarh. Its presence along with road can be seen. In summer it provides relief from hot sun. I have written a lot on different aspects of this tree in my previous research articles but its use in this way in treatment of Leucoderma is new information for me. Through recent surveys I collected much information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy.

Aonla is well known tree. The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India are full of information regarding miraculous medicinal properties of this tree. It is one of the well-studied trees of India. From the natives of Durg region I got information about Aonla tree shade. According to them this shade is beneficial for the old natives having poor vitality. Hence such natives must pass much time under this tree. Later the Healers of this region confirmed it. They added that wild type of Aonla gives more promising results. I am aware of different properties of Aonla since my childhood, as my neighbor Dr.A.S.Dave has planted this tree in home garden. Every year this old tree gives hundreds of fruits. Dr. Dave has presented its many cuttings to his friends and relatives. When his sons modified old house he requested them to design new house in a way so that it cannot damage the old tree. He is having much information but the unique information given by the natives of Durg region was new for him. The Healers also informed that during wintertime after application of Sarson oil on body, sunbath near this tree gives additional benefits.

The Healers of Kanker region informed about the benefits of Khair tree shade. According to them the patients having health troubles due to impure blood must use different parts of Khair as medicine. Such patients are suggested to plant Khair trees in surroundings and pass many hours in it's caring. They are also suggested to shift their houses temporarily in areas having rich population of Khair trees. In all seasons its shade is considered beneficial but winter is considered as best.

The Healers of Gariaband region consider the tree shade of Semal more promising as compared to Khair trees. The patients having poor vitality and old troubles due to impure blood, are suggested to select old trees and stand under it daily morning up to one to two hours. They are also suggested to worship this tree not only till treatment but whole life. This region is having rich population of old Semal tree. In many parts due to collection of Semal roots, in trade known as Semal Musli, old trees are in danger. New and young trees are considered beneficial.

The ancient literatures mention that shade of Bambri tree is beneficial for the natives facing the problem of obesity. The Healers of Kanker region suggest such natives to use Maida plant parts and also to live near this tree. Its shade is considered beneficial. As mentioned in previous research articles, due to over collection of bark the natural population of this tree is in danger and authorities have banned collection of its bark. But old trees still exist in this region and patients are getting benefit from it.

The Healers of Bagbahera region informed that Doomar tree shade is beneficial for gynecological troubles. Due to certain beliefs in general natives keep distance with this tree but Healers still suggest the patients to take advantage of this tree shade. While using medicinal herb Putranjiva roxburghii the patients having problem of habitual abortion are suggested to pass half hour at least, after taking this medicine. The Healers are not aware of its science but as traditional practice they are following it sincerely.

Many Healers of Bastar region consider the tree shade of Sagon beneficial for the natives having disturbed mind. Such natives are advised to worship tree and take care of it. Many times they are suggested to pass many days under it. There are no specific criteria regarding age of trees.

In modern towns planners prefer exotic trees. In every big town you will find same set of exotic species. I want to break this wrong trend. I am in favor of planting indigenous trees specially trees used in traditional Tree Shade Therapy. We are having hundreds of tree species having well known medicinal properties and other benefits. The only need is to plant it in our surroundings. The Healers suggest that different sets of indigenous trees can be planted in different places like schools, near old age homes, in colonies situated near pollution zone etc.. Public parks can be built with different sections for natives having different health troubles. The presence of indigenous trees will encourage our children to know about it and later to conserve it. At present they see Gulmohar, Pelthophorum and Ashok like decorative tree everywhere in surrounding.

Although for the first time I started writing about this Therapy many years back and from then, trying to document all the information available about it but still information on hundreds of trees is waiting for documentation. If you are having information on any such tree species, please document it without any delay. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Ecoport Articles on Tree Shade Therapy. Related References

Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1679&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing

When any one says that pollution is affecting health of natives of any region then it is always having deep meaning. Pollution affects health both directly as well as indirectly. I realized it during my visits to Raigarh region to study the bad effects of pollution caused by sponge iron units on biodiversity of the region. Through air, water and food pollutants are directly entering into the bodies of natives. The accumulation of Black dust on forest trees is also creating much problem. The Traditional Healers of this region informed that they use Mahua flowers as traditional practice to protect themselves from diseases. They simple dip the flowers in water whole night and next morning takes the leachate internally. As second method they boil flowers in cow milk and take milk internally. They claimed that one season use of these flowers in this way keeps the body enough strong to fight with diseases round the year. In modern era when AIDS and other diseases related to poor defense system of human body are taking lives, this use can play vital role in saving these lives. In Raigarh region due to pollution these trees are in danger. Thick layer of Black Dust can be seen on Mahua flowers. It is considered unfit for use. This dust is stopping the natives to use its flowers in this way. No use of flowers means poor resistance and poor resistance means higher diseases. Black Dust is present on all herbs present in surroundings. The affected natives are not able to use these medicinal herbs for their health troubles. Now they have to take services of modern medical experts. Modern medicines means more expense (and side effects as bonus). It is indirect and long lasting effect of pollution on rural economy. Few days back my economist friend was trying to estimate the damage caused by sponge iron plants in Raigarh region. His focus was on direct effects but when I showed new angle, he said that it is very hard to count this loss in terms of money. Through recent surveys I collected new information on flowers of different medicinal plants. The use of Mahua flowers in this way is new information for me. In previous research articles I have mentioned that the Healers of other parts of Chhattisgarh use Mahua flowers in this way in treatment of Gout.

While discussing medicinal herbs useful in dental troubles with the Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains I got information on use of Maulsari flowers. They informed about its simple use. Maulsari flowers are collected and after shade drying converted in to fine powder. This powder is mixed with fine powder of Haldi in 1: 5 ratios. The patients having gum related troubles are advised to boil this combination and gargle with decoction daily night before going to sleep. For decaying teeth, patients are advised to use this combination as tooth powder. It is also recommended for common natives. They suggest its use since childhood in order to prevent such troubles. I tried it successfully. I feel that it must be popularized among the modern children prone to dental troubles due to food habits. In general the use of Maulsari bark and fruits is suggested for such troubles but the Healers of this region consider the use of this combination more effective as well as safe.

The Healers of Durg region are much aware of medicinal properties and uses of Kaitha trees. I

have written much about their knowledge in my previous research articles on Kaitha. During recent interaction they informed that Kaitha flowers are having capacity to eliminate toxins from body. The patients coming to them after taking different types of modern medicines are suggested to take these flowers up to many days in order to nullify its effects. After purification they start systematic treatment. They use it in other cases also. For instance when they change the line of treatment and wish to try completely different sets of herbs then also Kaitha flowers are used. The Healers showing interest in treatment of AIDS believe that by eliminating toxin from body they can treat the patients. Although tens of herbs are used alone and in combination with other herbs but Kaitha holds reputed position among them. Based on the condition of the patients they use these flowers in different ways. In general freshly collected flowers are given internally with Gud. Many Healers add it in Herbal Tea used to develop natural resistance. Leachate of flowers is also considered beneficial. Although the Healers know much about uses of different parts of Kaitha but still they believe that they know far less than wild elephants. According to them wild elephants use its different parts in different seasons for specific purpose. I have mentioned in previous research articles that Kaitha fruits are much liked by the animals.

The Healers of Bagbahera region informed that in early days they were using the beautiful flowers of Dhanbaher in treatment of Malaria. The flowers were in use in form of herbal combinations along with other herbs. Now they are not using it. They have different reasons for it. Most of the Healers said that they have other promising alternatives. This is the reason this use is loosing popularity. They accepted that if not documented timely, we would loose it forever. I asked about it to the young Healers. As expected, they were not having information about it. On repeated request they informed about other herbs used in this combination. I am still not having information on complete formulation. In Chhattisgarh there are thousands of such forgotten formulations waiting for documentation.

Flowering in Bans is not considered good and blamed for famine by the experts but the Healers of Pendra region use Bans flowers as medicine. They consider it as good body tonic. They never miss the chance to collect the flowers in bulk and after shade drying store it for future use. These flowers are added in number of combinations used for this purpose. The Healers of other regions are also aware of its use. I have collected information on over 35 formulations in which Bans flowers are added as main ingredient.

It is not wrong to say that for our greed we are destroying Nature's gift even without knowing its importance. Only these herbs are having key to save our lives due to problems created by fellow human beings. I am trying to raise my voice through these research articles with hope that one

day it will reach to all of us and we will do some thing constructive to protect these one time gifts. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Impact of Globalization on Biodiversity with Special emphasis on Livelihood of poor and marginalised : A case study of Raigarh Region, Chhattisgarh, India. PLANT VS. PLANTS : Results of Survey conducted in Lohandiguda and Tokapal (Bastar) region during August, 2006. Herbal ways to manage the problems created by polluting sponge iron units in India. Link to Ecoport Articles on medicinal flowers. Degree of effect of 'Black Dust' on Raigarh plants. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional

Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1680&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Few days back I was discussing Chhattisgarh herbs with seventy-four years old Shri Vinay Dave who traveled the state extensively while serving education department. He informed about many rare herbs but still not aware of many herbs that exist in the state like rare white and yellow flowered Parsa tree. During recent surveys in different parts of Chhattisgarh the Healers of Kanker region having expertise in treatment of different types of bone troubles informed that seeds of white Parsa is having miraculous properties for such troubles. They use these seeds both internally as well as externally in treatment of bone fracture. In general seeds are given internally with milk up to long time after bone setting. Many times seed powder are added in herbal combinations used in form of paste on broken bone after setting, in order to hasten the process of reunion. Through interactions with over 20 healers I got information on over 55 formulations in which these seeds are added as important ingredient. As this type of Parsa is rare, many Healers especially young Healers use commonly available red Parsa but they accept that it is less effective than white Parsa seeds. Many Healers living far from white Parsa rich region depend on herb vendors for availability of these seeds. Although these Healers are aware of yellow Parsa

and they use it in other troubles also but for bone troubles it is not used by them.

In previous research articles I have mentioned that the Healers of Chhattisgarh are aware of different medicinal properties and uses of different types of milk. In general they suggest the patients to take cow, buffalo and goat milk. They recommend different herbs or herbal combinations with different types of milk. Many times they treat the patients only with the help of milk. Through the Healers of Charama region I got unique information regarding medicinal uses of Goat milk in treatment of Gonorrhoea. When there is wound in male genital the patients are advised to stop taking all medicines and food and depend on Goat milk. They claim that if patients follow this instruction carefully in most of the cases they get rid from this trouble within very less time.

The Healers of Durg region informed me about the unique use of Kalinder seeds. According to them the use of these seeds in any form helps the users to gain body weight. Seeing my fatty body many times the thin friends ask about the remedies useful in gaining body weight. The Healers of Durg region are having answer of their problem. They prefer the use of Shurbut prepared from these seeds by using sugar syrup and Badam. Although this Shurbut is prepared for summer but for such natives the Healers recommend its use in all season. I have mentioned in previous research articles that many Healers give this Shurbut as medicine to patients having old fever.

In general curry prepared from new leaves of Charota is considered good for skin diseases mainly Leucoderma and also for joint pains. It is also recommended for stomach related troubles. During recent surveys the Healers of Bagbahera region informed that this curry is boon for the patients having respiratory troubles. They suggest the patients to use green leaves during rainy season whereas keep dry leaves for year round use. Many of them prefer use of Charota seeds in off-season in place of leaves. Seeds are given in form of Herbal Tea. During surveys I got opportunity to meet and interact with the patients getting benefit from simple use of this curry. They appreciated this simple use.

While discussing about medicinal herbs and herbal combinations useful for armed forces with the Healers of Northern Chhattisgarh I got information on use of Parsa flowers. After heavy work and different types of injuries in battlefield, according to the Healers only one herb can give quick relief from body pain and that is Parsa flower. The freshly collected flowers are boiled in water and medicated vapors are directed towards different parts of body. The senior Healers informed that in early days during war their ancestors were using this therapy. This

Therapy gives chance to soldiers to rejoin the group after short treatment. I feel that this knowledge is still useful although modern wars are fought much with sophisticated tools.

Are you aware of any practice in which the Healers burn specific combination of herbs in newly wed couple's room on the day of marriage for its aphrodisiac effects? The Healers of Rajnandgaon region informed me about this combination. They mix seeds of Blumea, Datura and roots of rice and Urai and prepare combination. This combination is burnt and fumes are spread in every corner of room. Pregnant women and children are protected from fumes. These fumes are considered more promising for male partners than female partners. They believe in its use on special occasion. It is not used regularly. Although it is very interesting information for the modern people but unfortunately this knowledge is not much popular in rural areas. When I asked about it to senior Healers, smile came on their faces and they said that earlier more herbs were in use for this purpose. They disclosed that the natives having weak sexual power are treated with these fumes. Their ancestors have associated it with the marriage ceremony with hope that this important will remain safe since generations. They suggested me to visit during time of marriage in March-April. They promised me to demonstrate the use of herbal combination having 26 types of herbs. Being bachelor, I am much worrying for this next visit.

After reading information on such formulations the companies approach to me. They appreciate my work but when I suggest them to visit the community using this traditional knowledge to fix the terms and condition of its use as commercial product they refuse it without any delay. They continue their efforts to influence me and get the complete formulations at small intervals. Many times I feel weak due to this pressure but still these formulations are safe with me. Although Ecoport is providing great shield for this traditional knowledge but still I am in search of more promising alternative. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1681&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract

This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Although at present deep water rice or Pani dhan is not under cultivation in Chhattisgarh but the natives specially senior natives are not only aware traditional rice types of this category but also they are aware of its medicinal properties. During recent interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region I found name of deep-water rice in prescription of patients having respiratory troubles. According to the Healers, use of Pani dhan in place of common rice is beneficial for such patients. They also suggest its use to the patients having liver related troubles especially in Jaundice. The patients are advised to collect this Dhan from neighboring state Orissa where it is under cultivation in limited pockets. The Healers are aware that now improved varieties of this rice type are available and traditional varieties are loosing its popularity. Modern varieties are considered less effective in terms of therapeutic values. Through recent surveys I collected new information on different aspects of medicinal herbs. I am giving details in present article.

The Healers treating patients having Sickle Cell Anaemia are using both traditional as well as new herbs for treatment. 'Mild' cases are treated with the help of traditional herbs but in 'Severe' type especially in case of children they are trying new combinations in order to increase the success rate. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Healers of this region use Aithi in treatment of blood related troubles. The Healers of present generation have found it useful in treatment of Sickle Cell Anaemia. They use it both alone and in combination with other herbs. I collected information on seven formulations used in 'Severe' form and in which this herb is added as important ingredient.

At the start of rainy season most of the Healers avoid entering in to forest. They prefer to collect the herbs at the end of this season. During this period they give more time in rice farming. Meanwhile they utilize the medicinal herbs growing as weed in surroundings. Whenever they have to go into the forest during heavy rains for collection of herbs in emergency they take special precautions. They consume hot ghee in sufficient amount. Also they tie herbs like Gumma in their legs. In their bag they keep panchang i.e. all parts of medicinal tree Sirsa. All these arrangements are for protection against venomous creatures specially snakes. They informed that use of hot ghee reduces the effect of venom. I have mentioned in previous research articles that in order to reduce the effect of Datura poison the Healers suggest the intake of ghee in large amount. The Healers of Bagbahera region informed that even after snakebite the use of hot ghee in larger amount prevents the spread of venom. In forest they consume panchang of Sirsa and search the herbs having capacity to nullify the effects of venom. In most of the cases

the use of hot ghee before starting journey and use of panchang just after bite helps to get rid from this critical situation.

When I started discussion on Ulcerative Colitis the Healers of this region suggested the use of Kasturi Bhindi seeds. Kasturi Bhindi grows as wasteland herb in this region. As the traders are not aware of its natural occurrence in this region, this herb is growing without any danger. The Healers are using its different parts as traditional medicine. In case of Ulcerative Colitis they suggest the use of powdered seeds with cow milk. Based on the condition of patients they decide the doses. They are in favor of its long-term use. Seeds are used as single remedy.

During discussion on trees used in traditional Tree Shade Therapy I shared information collected from other parts of Chhattisgarh. The Healers informed that after much physical exertion the shade of Mahua tree gives new vigor. But they added that the patients having respiratory troubles must avoid passing much time under this tree. It aggravates the problem. It was new information for me.

The natives of this region burn Mehndi seeds in order to keep evil spirits at bay. The Healers are aware of its actual benefits. According to them the fumes from burning Mehndi seeds are having germicidal properties. In early days the patients having old fever were advised by the Healers to burn these seeds and spread its fumes in every corner. Many Healers still consider it more effective than Neem leaves in treatment of old fever. They are in favor of planting this herb in home garden.

Winter season weed Gudaria is well known in this region. The farmers collect it from field and sell it to the small traders of nearby big villages. In return they get things of daily use. This collection gives opportunity to Chana and Tiwra crops to grow without competition for light, food and moisture with this weed. During surveys I noted that still many natives are aware of its different medicinal uses but the number of its regular users is less. The Healers are having much information about this medicinal weed. Gudaria is one of my favorite herbs and I have written a lot on its different aspects. During recent interactions the Healers informed that Gudaria must be used under supervision of experts. Many times in larger doses its use results in harmful effects. In such cases they use another medicinal weed Sarphonk to nullify its harmful effects. They further informed that in nature both herbs grow side by side very rarely. If these are planted side by side they try to suppress each other's growth. Through this keen observation they tried Sarphonk to nullify the effects of Gudaria and got success. Gudaria is also having same effect against Sarphonk but Healers use other herbs for this purpose.

During this survey I found much change in Bagbahera region. Due to nearness to capital city the effect of new development is clearly visible. Many spots where there was rich diversity few years back, are now under human population pressure. Once green, now hills are becoming nude. These changes suggest that I have to work more hard in order to document the traditional knowledge before its loss, forever. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Link to Ecoport Articles related to Bagbahera. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin

Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1682&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing In general two types of Bach grows in Chhattisgarh. Acorus calamus and Acorus gramineus. But the Herb collectors of Bagbahera region divide Bach in many different types. In general this classification is made on the basis of its smell as well as medicinal properties. During recent surveys I got information on new type of Bach. They have named it as Mahabhari Bach. According to them it can be identified easily by its sharp smell. It is rare in occurrence and full of medicinal properties. Its internal use is considered as boon for the patients having heart troubles. During lunar and solar eclipse they collect its roots and on the same day it is given to the patients having different types of cancer. They believe that on these special days it becomes rich in medicinal properties. The Traditional Healers of this region confirmed this information. In general the Herb collectors collect it for the Healers and on the basis of condition of patients they decide its different doses. Although Bach is present in the list of medicinal herbs available with the local traders but Herb Collectors collect common type of Bach for them. Mahabhari Bach is not collected for trade. The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India mention such type of Bach and its miraculous medicinal properties. It is matter of proud that the

Herb Collectors are still using this traditional herb.

The Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region collect Vanslochan from Bans plants as per demand of the traders. As it is rare in occurrence they charge high rate from traders but if you compare it to the rates received by traders of nearby big cities this rate is much lower. The Collectors informed about unique medicinal properties of Vanslochan. According to them it is boon for the patients having Leucoderma. They suggest its internal use and claim that if used regularly at the start of this trouble it gives much relief to the patients. In general, Vanslochan is used in treatment of respiratory troubles.

The Herb Collectors of this region collect both Bambri and Parsa gum in different seasons. They use both gum as medicine for their families. They informed that, as medicine Parsa gum is promising alternative to Bambri gum. When excess dose of Bambri gum results in harmful effects they use the seeds of Jam in order to nullify the harmful effects. It was new information for me. The Healers of this region informed that gum collected from Sterculia urens is useful against bad effects of Bambri gum but the information given by Collectors was new for them also. They assured me to try it and give their comments.

In Bagbahera region farmers are trying commercial cultivation of medicinal and aromatic crops. Lemon Grass is one of these crops. Many natives have planted it in home garden in order to use it as Herbal Tea. While passing through Lemon Grass fields the Herb Collectors informed that the use of this grass in form of Herbal Tea is beneficial for the patients having urinary system related troubles. It provides strength to bladder and stops the problem of frequent involuntary urination. They confirmed that this grass is not present in wild but informed that there are many rainy season herbs in deep forest having smell like Lemon. I am planning to visit forests in search of these herbs.

The Collectors of this region informed that seedless pod of Bambri is very useful in treatment of many common as well as complicated diseases. Although it is collected rarely but they have rich traditional medicinal knowledge about it. They are much impressed by its use in treatment of Lumbago. Seedless pods are given internally with cow milk up to complete cure. They further informed that decoction prepared from Bambri leaves is useful for the patients having Insanity. It cools the mind and keeps the patients in control. Young leaves are less preferred than old leaves.

A senior Herb Collector of this region informed that in early days they were preparing pickles from Bans roots. These days this use has limited to the Traditional Healers only. He collects roots for the Healers. This pickle is considered useful in treatment of many diseases. Later when I asked the Healers about it they confirmed its miraculous effects. They suggest the natives of all age group to consume this pickle as it acts as tonic and protects body from different diseases. This pickle is not available as commercial product in market.

Like Collectors of other parts of Chhattisgarh the Collectors of Bagbahera region are also aware of Folk zootherapy. They informed about the use of Tetka (Chameleon). According to them the excreta of this animal is useful in removing black spots from face. It is also added as important ingredient in herbal combinations useful in treatment of Epilepsy. I have yet not found this information in reference literatures.

The traditional knowledge about medicinal herbs and insects is saving lives of these Herb Collectors. They are transferring this knowledge to their new generation but this generation is not showing interest in traditional work. Through my surveys I have found that these Herb Collectors have better knowledge regarding medicinal herbs than our planners. And by inviting them to share their views and comments while planning of the state, we will conserve our natural resources in real sense. I always feel fortunate that I am getting chance to meet and document their valuable knowledge. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Link to Ecoport Articles related to Bagbahera. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants

Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1683&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing After every shave in modern saloon when young Barber opens bottle of after shave cream or lotion I remind him to open my bag and get Fitkari (Alum) from side pocket. Use this Fitkari in place of modern creams and lotion. In most of the cases young Barbers show much surprise but senior Barbers appreciate this traditional as well as safe option. Still in rural and forest regions of

Chhattisgarh, the natives prefer use of Fitkari. Many times the senior Barbers make clear comment on it that see the faces of rural and urban youths, you will find much differences and Fitkari's contribution is one of the responsible factors for this. Fitkari is well known in Chhattisgarh. Since generations it is in use to purify water. During recent interactions with the senior Barbers on Durg region I got many valuable information on medicinal uses of Fitkari and also about common herbs present in surroundings. They informed that in early days they were using Fitkari as internal medicine. According to them its combination with milk helps in removing body ache. In general in any injury natives give Haldi with cow milk. According to senior Barbers combination of milk and Fitkari is equally useful. They also claimed that internal use of Fitkari helps in flushing out the Renal Calculi. It must be used under supervision of the experts.

For hair care they are aware of medicinal properties and uses of different soil. For hairs they consider Black soil very useful whereas in place of Multani Mitti they prefer the use of wellknown Chhui Mitti of Chhattisgarh. They informed that its external uses helps in improving the complexion. It must be used by modern youths. In treatment of wound external application of this soil helps in its quick healing. Later the Traditional Healers of Durg region confirmed that for wound, application of this soil is useful. Many Healers use it externally in treatment of cancerous wounds. They also confirmed that its internal use is capable of managing the problem of Ulcerative Colitis. But as other promising alternatives are available it is used less commonly. I am aware that from documentation point of view it is important information.

The senior Barbers of this region are aware of medicinal properties of Piaz. I have mentioned in previous research articles that while traveling, the natives keep Piaz with them and never forget to take it while meals as it reduces the harmful effects of changing climate as well as water. The senior Barbers of this region confirmed it but added that traditional Piaz was much rich in therapeutic values than modern Paiz grown by using heavy amount of pesticides. They warned that excess of Piaz is harmful especially to brain. It reduces memory power. This was new information for me. It tells that any herb is having beneficial effects only in judicious use. Excess of anything is harmful.

The senior Barbers of Patan region informed about special Hair oil in which flowers of Beeja are used as main ingredient. They claimed that in early days this oil was in use for the royal families and rich natives. This oil stops premature hair falling and also promotes the growth of new hairs. They were not aware of all ingredients but informed that over 33 types of herbs are added in this oil. Til is used as base oil. Later when I asked about this oil from the Traditional Healers of this region they showed ignorance. Many of them said that Beeja flower based oil is used in other

parts of Chhattisgarh in treatment of skin diseases. I am trying to get more information on this important aspect.

According to senior Barbers common health related problems can be treated with the help of herbs present in surroundings. They are aware of weeds used as potherbs. They informed that Charota is useful for many diseases but very few know that its different parts are having potential to treat heart patient. They informed about formulation in which all parts of Charota are used before flowering in combination of other rainy season weeds. When we started discussion on medicinal uses of common vegetables they started it with the traditional use of Parwal leaves in treatment of Jaundice. According to them leaves must be used in form of juice daily morning. They further informed that regular use of Poi Bhaji gives sound sleep.

During interactions they showed surprise that no one ever had asked about this knowledge to them. I am aware of this fact. Modern researchers adopt sample survey method and their projects are having time restriction. Also they have to adopt specific research methodology. These constraints stop them to collect ground level information. In Chhattisgarh I can say with full confidence that each and every native is having different knowledge about traditional practices and medicinal herbs. For real documentation there is need to meet and interact all natives. It will take many decades but work will be perfect in all sense. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1684&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Pankaj Oudhia

Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Although our policy makers have decided to allow only iodized salt for common people as it is useful for their health but traditional knowledge researchers see it as disaster for future. Earlier the cases of Thyroid related troubles were very less in India but now your will find such patients in large numbers. There is need to study the impact of forced dietary changes on the health of common person. In Chhattisgarh the natives and Traditional Healers are using common salt since time immemorial. This salt is not only cheap but also its use is suggested by the reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India. The Healers try to explain that if there is lack of Iodine in nutrition then its can be fulfilled with the help of Iodine provider herbs like Singhara. I am in support of them. The modern experts adopt sample survey method and based on this, draw conclusions. On this basis they make recommendations to whole population, not to the sample population. During recent interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region I discussed on this aspect in detail. The Healers informed that the use of Sendha Namak is more beneficial to health than common salt. Poor appetite is common problem of modern children. The Healers suggested the use of this salt in cooking as it increases appetite.

When I started discussion on Traditional Tree Shade Therapy the Traditional Healers informed about the medicinal tree Pakar and benefits of its shade. According to them its shade is beneficial for the patients having problem of Insomnia. They are suggested to pass much time during day in order to get rid from this disease. At advanced stage it is used as supplement treatment along with main treatment of Insomnia. Pakar is well known tree of religious as well as medicinal importance in Chhattisgarh. Birds like its fruits much and through their excreta it spreads in far places. In Dhamtari region due to increasing demand of fuel wood this tree is in danger. During surveys I observed old trees of Pakar in different areas. I feel that there is need to conserve such old trees supporting lives of birds, insects, animals and microorganisms. The Healers of this region informed that its fruits are promising appetizer.

Like other parts of Chhattisgarh the patients of this region are also depending on Traditional Healers for treatment of Sickle Cell Anaemia. Modern experts help the common people till identification of disease. After this they are informed that it is incurable disease. Many of them suggest Noni and Rishi Mushroom based costly supplements, having no scientific report on its usefulness in this disease, in order to earn from the poor patients. In such situations the patients take services of Traditional Healers. Seeing the large number of patients now the Healers are trying both old and new formulations. The Healers of Dhamtari region have found different uses

of Desi Papita effective in treatment of this disease. They prepare special pickle by using immature fruits. It is given to the patients as supplement treatment along with main treatment of Sickle Cell Anaemia. They have much confidence regards its effectiveness. They prepare pickle by themselves and give it to the patients in limited quantity. They don't want to disclose the preparation method. Commercial exploitation is one of reasons behind it. They informed that they grow indigenous Papita in their home garden and use it. Hybrid Papita available in market are not used in any case.

The Healers of this region are aware of medicinal rice varieties although these types are not under cultivation these days. Dhamtari region is known for its rice production. The farmers adopt modern cultivation practices full of chemical inputs to raise crop. In early days Kodo, Kutki and Sawa were also in cultivation. The natives of this region are still aware of therapeutic values of these minor millets. The Healers informed that Sawa Bhat causes constipation; hence it is good remedy for patients having loose motion. For normal native during use of Sawa Bhat consumption of milk is suggested as milk is having capacity to nullify the bad effects of Sawa. Although modern literatures describe Sawa as famine food but in earlier days it was in use as popular crop.

The Healers informed that for the patients having digestive system related troubles Palak in form of curry is very useful. They suggest the patients having Ulcerative Colitis to consume Palak regularly. For falling hairs they prepare special oil by using the roots of Nirgundi herb. They add Neem and Bhengra as other ingredients. This oil is having very odd smell but they claim that it is very useful in treatment of hair related troubles. It is hard to believe but it is true that they make it by hard work of ninety days. I have tried but stopped its use due to smell. This oil is not available as commercial product in market. They also informed that for Ulcerative Colitis they use the immature fruits of Nirmali internally. They claimed that if treated timely it can be cured in very less time.

They emphasized in need of creating awareness regarding traditional practices and knowledge about herbs among common people especially among children. They are much worried about the bad habits of rural youths especially regular use of Gutkha. Like other parts of Chhattisgarh the use of weeds as curry is decreasing. Dependency of common people on modern foods and medicines is increasing. It is matter of worry not only for the Healers but also for the traditional knowledge researchers like me. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Ecoport Articles related to Dhamtari region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin

Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1685&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Like other parts of Indian state Chhattisgarh the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region are also aware of medicinal properties and uses of Dauna herb. They use its all parts both internally as well as externally. During recent interactions they informed about less known uses of its seeds. In case of Pathri (Renal Calculi) they suggest the use of its seeds. At initial case seeds are given as single remedy whereas at advanced stages they give it in combination with other herbs. They claim that seeds are having capacity to flush out Pathri and avoid its reformation up to long time. They add its seeds in herbal combinations used to treat pain in kidney region. These seeds are used as main ingredients. They further informed that seed possess aphrodisiac properties and can be used in treatment of sexual weakness. They suggest common natives to grow this herb in their homes near Tulsi Chaura and learn about its uses in order to remain disease free with the help of this traditional knowledge. Through recent surveys I got new information like this about common as well as rare herbs. I am giving details in present article.

The Healers of this region are aware that the AIDS patients feel much weakness and general tonics fail to give the desired effects. They try natural tonic. Motha roots are one of these tonics. Among many types of Motha they prefer Nagar Motha i.e. Cyperus rotundus for the preparation of tonic. Roots are given in powder form. They treat this herb with herbal solutions one week before collection of its roots. Through this Allelopathic approach they enrich this herb with desired medicinal properties. Roots are given as supplement along with main treatment up to long time. In general patients having any disease with poor vitality are given this herb. But its use in treatment of AIDS has attracted by attention and I decided to document this knowledge without any delay. I feel that there is need to evaluate this use under frame of modern science and after confirmation to popularize this use with out any delay in order to provide relief to AIDS patients around the world. These Healers use another part of this herb in treatment of another so-called incurable disease i.e. Sickle Cell Anaemia. They use its flower. Flowers are used both in fresh and dry form based on the condition of the patients. They use it at advanced stages when other herbs fail to give the desirable effects. It is also added in popular herbal combinations. The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India mention much about use of its underground part but the use of flowers is new information. During surveys I observed this use on patients having Sickle Cell Anaemia.

When we started discussion on herbs and herbal combinations useful in treatment of Ulcerative Colitis the Healers suggested the use of Dhawai flower. They suggest the patients to take freshly harvested flowers with curd internally as sole remedy. It acts in promising ways. They suggest the patients to keep patience and continue its use till cure. In general it is hard to get the flowers in urban region. The patients try to use dry flower and as result fail to get the desired effects. They are suggested by the Healers to plant this herb in home garden, if possible, in order to utilize this flower as per need. They are not in favor of its off-season use. For other season they are having alternatives in form of other herbs. In Chhattisgarh laddu prepared from Til is popular. In general it is prepared and consumed during Makar Sankranti festival. The Healers are in support of its use. They suggest the natives having digestive systems related troubles to never miss the chance of its consumption during this time. This laddu is a boon for the patients having Ulcerative Colitis. Black Til is preferred as compared to white Til. Til is under cultivation as oilseed crop in Chhattisgarh.

The senior Healers informed that many herbs are having capacity to absorb metals and these herbs are very important and useful indicator plants. They gave the example of Van Tulsa plant. According to them it absorbs Copper from soil and due to its excess accumulation, the color of this herb changes into blue. They use such herbs as medicine in treatment of different diseases. They are aware of its internal use but seeing its toxic nature they avoid it. Externally they use it

in treatment of skin diseases. This knowledge is limited to few Healers. They claim that many Geologists have confirmed their knowledge. I have yet not seen this plant through them. They have invited me during rainy season to see its practical uses.

The senior Healers informed about medicinal benefits of taking Shahtoot fruits. They consider it useful for dental and other mouth related troubles. They suggest the natives to consume it as much as possible during fruiting season in order to get protection from such diseases round the year. During interaction on modern vegetables, spices and condiments, they informed that modern natives consume Dhania in excessive amount. In this large dose it may cause harm to health. They suggest such users to take seeds of Koha tree under guidance of experts in order to avoid bad effects of Dhania consumption. This was very shocking new information for me. I am trying to get the comments of Healers of other regions on this point.

The new information regarding uses of common herbs in treatment of AIDS and Sickle Cell Anaemia and metal indicator herbs needs attention from scientific community. As traditional knowledge researcher, I tried to document this knowledge without any modification. As these herbs are common in other parts of Chhattisgarh also I will try to get the comments of natives of these regions also. Keep reading my articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Ecoport Research Articles related to Bilaspur region Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1686&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Jimikand is well known herb in Chhattisgarh. The natives grow it in Badi and consume its underground parts in form of curry. Although natives consume it for taste but the Traditional Healers are aware of its medicinal properties and uses. The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India are also full of information regarding medicinal uses of this herb. It is mentioned in these literatures that Jimikand growing in villages are far better than growing in cities in polluted environment. According to the Herb collectors of Dhamtari region two types of Jimikand exist in Chhattisgarh. One domesticated or common type and other wild type. From medicinal point of view wild Jimikand is considered richer in medicinal properties. These Collectors collect wild type on special demand of the traders. They are aware of its many medicinal uses. They informed that pickles prepared from wild type acts as promising appetizer. Later the Traditional Healers of this region confirmed it and added that there is need to popularize this pickle among the common people so that they can get benefits from it. They suggest the use of wild type with Dahi (curd) and only Dahi is having capacity to minimize its bad effects. Through recent surveys I collected interesting information from the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. I am giving details in present article.

The Collectors of this region collect Nadiya Chirai Jam in bulk for the traders. It is supplied to national and international buyers for the preparation of anti-diabetic herbs. The Collectors are aware of its other medicinal uses also. They informed that in case of acute insanity when patients are out of control, the regular use of its fruit juice provides great relief. It was new information for me. They added that modern hi-yielding varieties of Chirai Jam are higher in production but these are not used as traditional medicine. They complained that from last few years the demand of this fruit has increased like the demand of Aonla fruits. And greedy traders are forcing them to collect it in bulk. Due to this demand many Collectors have cut the old trees for fruit collection. Earlier it was done with Char trees in Chhattisgarh. The senior Collectors are not happy with this one time profit. They want to protect these trees, as these are permanent source of income year by year. Yesterday I was reading similar news in Daily Chhattisgarh newspaper that the

hundreds of old Aonla trees have been cut for the collection of fruits in Barnawapara region. It is not good news. There is need to stop such practices both by awareness as well as through strict rules

During season, the Herb Collectors of this region collect Parsa plant parts in bulk as per demand. When I asked about presence of rare white and yellow flowered Parsa in forests, many of them replied that they have seen white flowered Parsa but not yellow flowered Parsa. They are aware of medicinal properties and uses of Parsa flowers. They informed that the patients having joint related troubles must use Parsa flowers both internally as well as externally, only under guidance of Traditional Healers as its wrong use can aggravate the problem. They are true. I put this precaution with every herb and always try to discourage the practice of self-medication through herbs.

They collect many types of Tulsi for the traders. They consider wild Tulsi more useful in terms of medicinal properties as compared to Tulsi planted in home. They have reasons for it. According to them wild Tulsi grows in natural environment with other herbs. These herbs enrich wild Tulsi with medicinal properties. Also in wild conditions Tulsi grows in stress. And under such condition it develops special medicinal properties. They presented me wild Tulsi plants and requested me to compare its aroma with common Tulsi. They further informed that when Tulsi seeds are used as tonic in many cases repetition of same dose fails to give the desired effects. In such cases the patients must be given seeds of Kevatch as supporting medicine. After few doses of it, again the same dose of Tulsi seeds starts giving the desired effects. This happens because Tulsi seeds possess many properties similar to Kevatch seeds. Later when I explained it among the Healers of this region they showed surprise on my in depth knowledge. I disclosed that it is not my observation; in fact I collected it from the Herb Collectors. The Healers confirmed it.

When we started discussion on medicinal herbs having possibilities in treatment of Sickle Cell Anaemia without any delay they proposed the name of Jwasi herb. This herb is present in wild. Although it is full of medicinal properties but it is collected rarely for trade from this region. According to the Herb Collectors this herb is useful in treatment of all types of blood related troubles alone and in combination with other herbs. Although they have not tried it on patients having this specific disease but they consider it useful. Later the Healers of this region assured me to try this herb on their patients and give feedback.

The Collectors kept the names of different types of orchids on top when I asked to name the herbs whose demand has increased suddenly from last two years. I have not found any

description related to this sudden rise in demand of orchids in publications of concerned departments. No one has tried to document the information available in Chhattisgarh related to orchids. We are yet not having any information on orchid diversity. Its bulk collection from wild is matter of worry. The Collector's observations suggest that there is need to keep close view on this trade and also take the services of orchid experts to enlist the species available in the state.

Like the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera and other regions of Chhattisgarh the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region are also loosing interest in this traditional work. Their young generation is moving towards big cities for job. Only senior Collectors with poor efficiency are serving the traders. Now traders are well aware of hot spots. They send outsiders to collect the herbs. The outsiders collect it without any 'mercy' and through this destructive harvesting we loose these herbs forever.

Instead of sad news it is encouraging to note that we still have a generation of Herb Collectors having unique traditional knowledge about herbs. The matter of appreciation is that they are willing to share it with us. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Ecoport Articles related to Dhamtari region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1687&page=-2

For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing For the treatment of any type of pain the senior natives of Bagbahera region use specific powder. This powder is acidic in nature and it is not a synthetic chemical. Every year they collect it from Chana crop. I have mentioned in previous research articles that in many parts of Chhattisgarh, the natives spread white cloth on Chana crop whole night and next morning cloth having dew drops and acid of Chana plants is collected and acidic juice is extracted. This juice is taken internally in treatment of digestive system related troubles. The Traditional Healers having expertise in treatment of cancer also recommend its use to their patients under strict supervision. In many parts of India this acidic extract is known as Khatta and in Maharashtra you can see its sell among truck drivers in high ways. It is popular among the truck drivers as drink that helps in digestion. The senior natives of Bagbahera region go one step ahead and instead of extraction of juice they collect it in powder form. In this form it is easy to keep and use round the year. Juice is having limitation of its fresh use. Many natives prepare this juice through slightly different method. They collect the Chana plants with pods during winter morning and through its shade drying collect the acidic powder. Both methods have been mentioned in reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India especially in Ayurveda. It is mentioned as Chanakhar. Although senior natives of this region are not aware of it through this ancient name but they are still using it as traditional medicine. As mentioned earlier they use it in pain management. In case of mouth related troubles they gargle with this powder after mixing it with water. They informed that in early days it was used in many other troubles and also it was much popular. Now this knowledge is limited to few natives. There are strict norms for collection. The crop must be organic. Today very few farmers grow it organically. Juice or powder having pesticide content can result in harmful effects - the natives know this fact. This is the reason this use is becoming a thing of past day by day. Through recent interactions with the senior natives of Bagbahera region I collected interesting information. I am giving details in present article.

Among the traditional vegetables the use of Chench Bhaji is popular in this region. The senior natives are aware of its therapeutic values. They informed that regular use of this Bhaji during season keeps the digestive tract clear. It is boon for the patients having constipation. Like the Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh, the senior natives of this region believe that constipation is root cause of many diseases. Many said that this Bhaji is useful in treatment of Piles. Later the Traditional Healers of this region confirmed information given by the senior natives and added that very few are aware that Chench is promising memory enhancer. It is useful for school going children. This was new information for me. The senior natives of this region are also aware of medicinal uses of Chukandar. According to them its seasonal use purifies body and for the patients having kidney related troubles it is very useful.

Although like other ornamental plants Chameli is planted in home gardens for its aromatic flowers but senior natives are aware of its harmful effects also. They informed that aroma of flowers is beneficial for brain. It gives new vigor and also brings sound sleep but this aroma is harmful to hairs. They claim that it can change the color of hairs from black to white. Hence it must be used with precaution. I had never heard such shocking information. I discussed it with the Healers of this region but they were also not unanimous in this point. Many of them supported the observation of senior natives. In India Chameli aroma is added in many hair related products. If the claim of senior natives is correct than I feel that there is need for its verification with the help of modern science.

Although medicinal herb Bhui-Neem grows in wild in this region and natives are aware of its medicinal values and uses but still many natives give preference to true Chirayata of Himalayan region. They purchase it from local herb shops and use it for different diseases. In general it is used in form of decoction as blood purifier. They believe that its one time use will protect them throughout year from skin diseases. They informed that they have found the leachate of this herb useful in treatment of common gynecological troubles. They are in favor of its long-term use.

The senior natives of this region are aware of uses of different medicinal weeds. They informed that winter season weed Gudaria is useful in treatment of mental troubles. They use it both internally as well as externally. They collect the whole herb at flowering and after shade drying burn it in patient's room. Patients are suggested for deep breathing while it's burning. Internally it is used in form of powder. This powder is given internally with cow milk. In general they try to treat the trouble in this way but in case of failure they take the services of Traditional Healers for systematic treatment. Like natives pf other parts of Chhattisgarh they are aware of use of Gumma Bhaji in treatment of Jaundice.

The above-mentioned information is of great importance. This information confirms once again that the herbs present in surroundings have capacity to keep us protected from diseases. I am aware that these senior natives have much to share and I have to work faster to learn from them.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Link to Ecoport Articles related to Bagbahera. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1688&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Pankaj Oudhia

Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing The local herb shop owners at Raipur city sell Panir phool as medicine for Diabetes. Natives purchase and use it with faith. They dip it in water overnight and next morning takes the leachate internally. They believe that it helps in Diabetes management. They try it with number of other herbal remedies. The herb shop owners sell it at very high price by saying it as Himalayan herb. Like Traditional Healers of other parts of Chhattisgarh, the Healers of Bastar region know that it is herb present in their forests and not only in Diabetes but its judicious use can treat number of diseases successfully. They support the claims of natives that it is useful in treatment of Diabetes but add that its use as single remedy gives promising results. When natives use it in combination with other herbal remedies, they fail to get the desired effects. The Healers of Bastar region consider it more useful in treatment of respiratory troubles specially in treatment of Asthma. Its berries are used as internal remedy. In general they use it as single remedy but when they treat the patients having cancer in these organs they add it in popular herbal combinations. Panir Phool is used in treatment of associated troubles like skin diseases also. Through recent interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region I have collected many interesting information like this. I am giving details in present article.

Although I have yet not seen from where the Healers of this region collect Geru (Ochre) in nature but like Healers of other parts they are aware of its different medicinal uses. They informed that through judicious use of Geru common gynecological troubles can be treated successfully. Geru is used internally. In general, the natives of this region use Geru to paint wall of mud house. The Healers claim that use of Geru in this form protects the family members from evil spirits and diseases.

The Healers treating patients having different types of cancer informed that they are trying new herbs and herbal combinations. The Healers of this region are world famous for their expertise in treatment of different types of cancer. The relatives of patients at last stage visit to these Healers as last hope. The Healers try their best and they always say that cancer is serious trouble and proper treatment is required from early stage. The relatives approach to them after trying all modern medicines. Many times they use traditional remedies with Allopathic medicines. Also many of them mix the herbal combinations collected from different Healers and give it to the patients. It is not good practice but the Healers don't want to say much on it, considering the seriousness of patients. In previous research articles I have mentioned the name of Healer of Dashapal region Shri Lakhan Kashyap. I have documented much of his knowledge collected

through interactions. Since long time I have not met him but regularly sending the patients from different corners of world. Similarly I am sending patients to the Healer of Chhote Dongar. Both Healers are efficient and much popular among the natives of urban regions but like them there are tens of Healers. Many cancer patients meet me during returning journey for thanks giving. In my articles I have written about the simplicity of Healers but now with time, many of them have changed- the visitors informed recently. Now they have mobiles, they have personal fourwheeler, they are doing some of the miraculous acts to influence the patients etc.. Their charges have also increased many folds but still these charges are far less than expenses of modern cancer treatment. As I have no influence on them I simply listen and ignore such information given by visitors. As far as they are practicing traditional knowledge and herbs sincerely I will continue forwarding the patients. Few months back a Healer of Bastar region met me in Delhi flight and thanked me for writing about him in my articles. It is good sign that the healers, although few, are getting recognition from society and modern natives are calling them by paying air tickets. Two important things are that they are now keeping the records of patients and not disclosing their secret formulations to anyone especially to those approaching to them as pseudo patients.

The Healers of this region informed that two herbs are giving promising effects in treatment of cancer and these are Vakeri and Parali. Vakeri is used internally alone and in combination with other herbs whereas Parali fruit is used externally in treatment of cancerous wound. I have already written a lot on their knowledge on cancer herbs. I am not repeating it here. You can get original articles at Botanical.com and articles with new comments at Ecoport.org.

In general the herb named Mithi Patti is used to make bitter decoction sweet by the Healers of different parts but the Healers of Bastar region informed that whole herb is promising remedy for Pathri (Renal Calculi). They use it in form of juice or decoction as per need and condition of the patients. They prefer collection of herb before flowering. Before collection it is treated with herbal extracts and leachate. Through this Traditional Allelopathic knowledge they enrich the herb with medicinal properties.

My wish is to pass many months continuously with the Healers of this region in order to learn rapidly diminishing traditional knowledge from them but financial constraints force me to return back to Raipur within a week. I try to visit this region regularly. This is the reason I readily accept invitation for any meeting, conference etc. in this region without any delay. During visits, in general, I find many researchers engaged in collection of medicinal herbs and knowledge from this region but when I search reference literatures I fail to find any written document on this aspect from this region. No one knows that for whom these researchers collect information and

what they do with the herbs.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Ecoport Articles related to Bastar region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1692&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract

This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Although modern rice varieties have occupied crop fields in Kanker region but still the natives are aware of traditional rice types. The Traditional Healers are aware of over 46 types of medicinal rice. During recent interactions they informed about many new uses of Pashar rice. I have mentioned in previous research articles that in Chhattisgarh on Khamharchhat festival Pashar rice is used. The Traditional Healers of Kanker region suggest its use round the year to the patients having kidney related troubles. They suggest the patients to mix this rice in small proportion with other routine aromatic and long grain rice and consume it up to long time. In general the patients having Pathri (Renal Calculi) are suggested to consume Kulthi Dal in different forms up to long time. The Healers of this region suggest the use of Pashar rice with Kulthi Dal in order to get more promising results. The senior Healers suggested that use of Pashar in combination with routine rice is good as compared to its use alone. This was new information for me. Through recent surveys and interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region I collected many interesting information like this. I am giving details in present article.

The Healers of this region are much worried due to dying Sal trees. Although in top-level authorities I have not observed much worry and they still believe in press releases but the Healers are taking it seriously. During surveys they showed me dying Sal trees at different stages. They informed that in many patches the unknown cause is killing Saja trees also. Death of Sal trees means direct impact on other herbs, insects and microorganisms as these trees support their lives. I have heard from the traders engaged in Sal oil extraction business that the authorities have banned the collection of Sal seeds in Sal forests of Amarkantak region seeing its sick status. There is need to take such step in Sal forests of Chhattisgarh also. There is also need to study the impact of regular Sal seed collection, without any break, on forest ecosystem. The Healers believe in rotational harvesting system. The planners talk a lot about it in conferences but at ground level they are allowing regular harvest.

Dhawda is well known tree in Kanker region. The authorities see it as tree of commercial value but the Traditional Healers are aware of its medicinal properties. They use its all parts both internally as well as externally in treatment of many diseases. I have written a lot on its different traditional uses in my previous research articles. From the Healers of Kanker region I got new information about its use in treatment of cancer in liver. They use its roots. Old roots are collected and fresh juice is given with other herbs internally to the patients. They treat these trees with certain herbal extracts and leachate in order to enrich it with medicinal properties. They are

practicing this Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge sincerely. Its fruits are considered cool in nature and in powder form they add it in herbal combinations used to treat acute stage of Insanity.

When we started discussion on use of herbs present in surrounding as Tonic for the patients recovering from exhaustive diseases they informed about therapeutic values of Taddy, collected from Tad tree. According to them freshly collected Tadi is good for health. In excess it is harmful. Although Jau is not under cultivation in this region but they are aware of its medicinal uses. They boil the seeds in water and solution is given many times a day to the patients. Both uses are well known and reported from different parts of world.

The senior Healers of Kanker region are using common herb Choupatia in treatment of Leucoderma both internally as well as externally. They use its leaves externally with cow urine in form of paste. Paste is applied on spots and patients are advised to sit in sunlight for few minutes. Internally at initial stages leaves are used as single remedy whereas at advanced stages they add it in popular herbal combinations as important ingredient. They are aware of medicinal uses of Bemchi and other commonly used herbs for Leucoderma but for patients having patience they prefer the use of this medicinal herb. They are not ready to do experimentation by mixing Choupatia leaves with Bemchi plant parts.

In general roots of Sonpatha are used very commonly in different Ayurveda preparations but the Traditional healers of Kanker region are aware of medicinal uses of its other parts also. They suggest the natives 'prone' to cancer to consume its fruits under their supervision. It is considered as 'preventive' to cancer. In general fruits are added in herbal combinations used as Tonic. During interaction on remedies for Ulcerative Colitis they informed about herbal combination in which eight types of herbs are used. Typha is added as one of these herbs. They refused to give more detail on this aspect.

The Healers of this region are seeing the increasing traffic of tourists. They see them with suspicion. Without any problem with the help of local contacts these tourists approach to these Healers and ask about herbs. To influence the tourists local contacts try their best to extract the information. I have mentioned in previous research articles that it is still very easy to collect any herb from Chhattisgarh forest and take it to Indian Metros, as at airport there is still no check. The Healers are in worry. I am also. While promoting tourism in the state there is need to provide protection to these Healers as well as natural wealth.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Ecoport Articles related to Kanker region. Lets do something to save dying Sal trees. Lets do something to protect Natural gifts from pesticides and other agrochemicals. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1694&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing When any patient approaches to the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region before starting treatment, like the Healers of other parts of Chhattisgarh, they suggest the patients to consume the weeds available in surroundings in form of curry. For different season they have different weeds. For example in rainy season the use of new leaves of Charota is suggested whereas in winter use of Bathua in form of curry is suggested. According to the Healers these curries have capacity to flush out all types of toxins present in body. It nullifies the harmful effects of modern drugs and as result, the herbal remedies act in promising way. They start use of these remedies quickly as many times this flushing results in reappearance of symptoms. The Healers having expertise in treatment of different types of cancer suggest use of special curry. This curry is prepared by leaves of medicinal herb Gokhru. It is given both to make the body clean as well as treatment of cancer. This herb is present in this region and Healers are aware of its common as well as rare uses. During recent interactions with the Traditional Healers of this region, I collected many interesting information. I am giving details in present article.

Although the Healers suggest the modern natives to avoid regular use of vegetables available in market grown through chemical farming methods but the same vegetables grown in Badi with the help of organic inputs are considered boon for the patients having different diseases. Phool Gobhi is one of these vegetables. From the Healers of Farasgaon region I got information on its unique use. During winter morning they collect the dew drops from the leaves of this plant and patients having blood cancer are suggested to take it internally. It is used as supplement treatment along with main treatment of this trouble. Based on the condition of the patients they decide different doses but in general one cup of dew having leaf leachate is considered sufficient as one-day dose. The use is continued throughout winter. Its off-season use is not suggested. For other seasons they have different herbs. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the cancer experts collect first rainwater from different medicinal herbs for same purpose. The time of sunrise is considered best for the collection of dew from Phool Gobhi plant. Dew collected in between leaves is considered most promising. The Healers believe that till sunrise dewdrops get enough time to react with the natural chemicals of leaves. Farmers of this region grow this crop both through traditional as well as modern methods. I would like to repeat here that dewdrops

collected only from organically grown Phool Gobhi crop are used. Indigenous varieties having lower production are preferred. Diseased or insect infested plants are rejected.

The Healers of this region are aware of other uses of this herb also. In general patients having any type of cancer is suggested to consume this herb in form of curry twice a day. Addition of much spices and condiments is not allowed. They suggest the patients having the problem of joint pain to boil leaves of this plant and take the decoction internally. They are convinced with its effects but as other promising alternatives are available they use this decoction less commonly. I am aware that from documentation point of view it is important information.

During interaction the Healers showed me a special herb used commonly used in treatment of cancer. Its Hindi name is Atri. They add whole herbs in popular herbal combinations used for this disease and claimed that most of the formulations are considered incomplete without it. Like curry of Gokhru this herb is considered useful in purifying the body. Different Healers use it in different ways but in general its use in form of decoction is preferred. Although this herb is common in this region and also in other parts of Chhattisgarh but little has been written on its medicinal properties and uses. The senior Healers keep the wood of medicinal tree commonly known as Khoja and give it to the patients having early stages of cancer. Wood piece is dipped in water overnight and next morning water having leachate is taken internally. The natives "prone" to different types of cancer are also advised to use it under supervision of the Healers. Although like Herbal glasses prepared from Koha and Beeja the Healers are not using it in form of glasses or bowl but in order to popularize this knowledge after scientific confirmation, I see much scope in its use in these forms. Many Healers informed that its roots are added in many combinations used internally for treatment of cancer. They also claimed about the effectiveness of roots in treatment of skin cancer. In reference literatures this herb is mentioned as medicinal herb and its use in treatment of gynecological troubles has been mentioned.

Although I have seen natural population of Bharangi in few spots but the Healers informed that it is not only present in wild in abundance but also its different parts are used as traditional medicine. They commonly used it in treatment of respiratory troubles specially Asthma both alone and in combination with other herbs. They informed about its promising uses in treatment of Jaundice and associated troubles also.

When we started discussion on herbs and herbal combinations used in treatment of Ulcerative Colitis I shared information collected from other parts of Chhattisgarh. They informed little about their knowledge but confirmed that Gulkand prepared from indigenous Rose petal are

useful in treatment of this trouble.

During surveys I got opportunities to visit weekly village markets in different seasons. Although its original form is changing but fortunately this change is relatively slow. Still natural herbs, traditional grains, indigenous fishes, medicinal mushrooms etc. can be seen in these markets. It is good sign.

The above-mentioned information is very important and need attention from scientific community. I am planning to visit this region once more in order to get information on use of medicinal insects.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and

Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Ecoport Articles related to Farasgaon region. Ecoport pictures taken in Farasgaon region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh.

Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1695&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Early morning the Traditional Healers visited to nearby forest for the collection of first rainwater from the leaves of Beeja tree. They collected in Dona (leaf cup) prepared from Pipal leaves. After collecting water they collected outer bark of Beeja tree and dipped it in rainwater. At evening they threw away bark piece and irrigated Vakeri plant growing in surroundings with leachate. They informed that this procedure will continue throughout rainy season. In place of first rainwater they will try to collect ordinary rainwater and use it in same way. In other seasons they will use leachate of other herbs to irrigate Vakeri plant. Why this irrigation is performed? The Healers have simple answer 'To enrich this herb with medicinal properties.' While irrigation they utter Mantras and worship the herb. This whole exercise is performed secretly. Modern world associate this way of treatment with the new branch of science Allelopathy. The modern writers give credit to western world about establishing this science. In fact this science is well known since time immemorial by the natives and Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh. Modern Indian researchers and intellectuals have ignored it by saying it as Blind faith. But now modern science is able to explain the importance of this traditional practice. Although Vakeri is used in treatment of many diseases but the Healers adopt whole exercise in order to prepare it for war against cancer. It is used in treatment of different types of cancer mainly blood cancer. The

traditional practices adopted by Healers enrich this herb with miraculous medicinal properties. The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India write very little about it while describing herbs and its uses. It is really surprising that why ancient writers ignored this important traditional practice. I have written over 7500 research articles on this specific knowledge and extended summaries of these articles are available on-line but seeing the quantum of knowledge present with the Healers of Chhattisgarh, it seems that for complete documentation I have to take many births. Through recent interactions with the Healers of Bhanupratappur region I collected interesting information on unique practices and traditional knowledge like this. I am giving details in present article.

Like the Healers of other parts of Chhattisgarh the Healers of this region also give emphasis on use of herbs to increase resistance power of body. In treatment of modern diseases like AIDS their knowledge about these herbs is helping in treatment of patients. They showed me an aromatic herb and informed that they use whole herb in form of powder internally to increase the natural resistance of body. This herb is given with cow milk. Based on the condition of the patients they decide the dose. Young natives are specially suggested to take this powder at least three months in any part of the year. In treatment of AIDS patients they give it as supplement throughout treatment. They claim that its regular use under supervision of experts can 'protect' from enemies having capacity to make the body resistance weak. I identified this herb as Stemodia sp.. This herb is mentioned in reference literatures as medicinal herb but its use in this way especially in treatment of AIDS is new information, which is coming among the world community for the first time through this article. I am feeling proud to document this knowledge. I feel that there is need for scientific attention on this aspect as AIDS is taking many lives daily. The young researchers can come forward to provide scientific base to this knowledge. This research must be of practical utility and should not be limited as academic publication. I am ready to extend all my support.

In treatment of nervous system related troubles the Healers of this region use many aromatic herbs like Bach. They showed me a special herb used both internally as well as externally in treatment of such diseases. In treatment of Epilepsy they burn whole herb and patients are advised to inhale the medicated fumes. It is used both during attack and normal time. This herb is added in popular herbal combinations used in treatment of this trouble. Taking advantage of its aroma the Healers burn it in cattle shed in order to repel away flies. They informed that its fumes give mental alertness. Many of them use its aqueous extract to enrich medicinal herbs like Safed and Kali Musli and Gunja with medicinal properties. As these herbs are under cultivation as medicinal crops in different parts of Chhattisgarh I see great scope of this traditional knowledge. I am planning to conduct field trials in farmer's fields using this extract. I identified this herb as Limnophila aromatica.

For treatment of constipation as well as problem of bleeding Piles these Healers use the roots, fruits and bark of medicinal tree Dolichandrone sp.. All parts are mixed and used as single remedy at initial stages whereas at advanced stages, this combination is used along with other combinations. In reference literatures these uses have been mentioned but the Healers of this region use it in different way. The reference literatures write about its use in treatment of rheumatism but the Healers of this region are not aware of it. When I informed them they assured me to try it and give feedback.

Few months back I got a message from friend engaged in testing medicinal herbs on laboratory animals that Vakeri sent by me is very powerful in effects then Vakeri collected from reputed firms and forests of other regions. He was giving credit to natural forest of Chhattisgarh for it. No doubt the herbs present in our forests are richer but to make it more rich when the Healers practice Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge, it becomes perfect in all sense. Although I have very few such reports and comments but I have deep faith in efficacy of this knowledge. This is the reason I never miss to ask about it during every survey.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Ecoport Articles related to Bhanupratappur region. Ecoport Articles on cancer. Ecoport Articles related to Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa

Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1696&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing The Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region showed me three types of Kali Haldi having rates from 20 Rs per Kg to 500 Rs per Kg. They claimed that they can arrange costly Kali Haldi also if any one is ready to pay its price in advance. The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India mention Kali Haldi as medicinal herb. It was in abundance once but due to over exploitation now it has become rare herb. This is the reason the efforts for its conservation

are in progress. These claims in scientific literatures seem untrue specially when you meet and interact with the Traditional Healers and Herb Collectors of Chhattisgarh. I have mentioned in previous research article that in the name of Kali Haldi 11 types are available. The Healers reject the claim that once Kali Haldi was in abundance in the state. According to them genuine Kali Haldi grows in rare places and this is reason the true users ready to give any price for it. The Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region informed that from last two-three years the demand for this herb has increased many folds. In most of cases the buyers are not aware of its true identification. As result the traders supply inferior types in price of superior type. The senior Collectors of this region are aware of miraculous effects and properties of this herb. They are also aware that it is collected on specific day and time. Only natives having expertise in Tantra practices can do this job. This is the reason these Collectors reject the offer of high payment for the collection of this rare herb. In pressure they supply inferior types to the traders. Through recent interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region I collected interesting information like this. I am giving details in present article.

Kargi Road area of this region is famous for the supply for Safed Musli plant of wild origin. In order to make the peeling process easy the processors use Soda. It gives special white color to dry Musli. Through this color at national market the traders readily identify it as 'Musli of Kargi Road'. In most of the cases the Collectors collect this herb from wild and adopt this processing. The Healers of this region are not satisfied with this peeling process. According to them the use of Soda affects medicinal properties of Musli. The Collectors are aware of it but they have their own reasons for adopting this method. After falling of leaves and drying of plant, collection of Musli from wild is considered best practice but in wild it is very hard to locate Musli present inside ground after maturity. To avoid this problem the Collectors collect immature tubers. At this time, the size of tuber is very less and it is hard to remove the peels. This is the reason they adopt use of Soda. This inferior dry Musli is supplied to national market in bulk and from this market, the drug manufacturing companies purchase it for preparing drugs. When consumers buy these drugs they complain that Musli is not giving desired effects as described in ancient literatures. Finally the reputation of traditional systems gets affected. The Herb Collectors of Kargi road informed that at the start of commercial cultivation of good quality of Safed Musli they were thinking that now the task of Musli collection was over. But later when farmers focused their interest on planting material business, the Herb Collectors got opportunity to continue this task. Today Musli of cultivated origin is getting far less prices than wild Musli. There are many reasons for it but the Herb Collectors blame its chemical farming for its poor rates.

During interactions and discussions on rare herbs the Collectors expressed their pain. Amarkantak is nearer to this region. Amarkantak is world famous for medicinal herbs. The

Collectors informed that most of the herbs present in Amarkantak are also present in other regions but they get less price of it when these are collected from other regions. Traders sell it in name of 'Amarkantak herbs'. They get higher prices. Herb Collectors are not happy with this situation. They informed that Gulbakawali of Amarkantak is well known. But this herb is present in dense forests of Bilaspur region also. They confirmed that the total production of Gulbakawali Ark from Amarkantak region is many times higher than its original population. It shows that this Ark is adulterated and diluted by using other solutions. The Herb Collectors assured me that they can arrange Gulbakawali plants from such spots from where it has never been collected.

Recently they searched the forests for the medicinal plant Al, a source of Noni products. They failed to get it from this region. I shared information on its availability in other parts of Chhattisgarh. I requested them to keep it secret. Many MNCs are interested in harvest of it from our forests. Noni products are in sell in Chhattisgarh at higher rates. The natives are paying for the herb present in surroundings unnecessarily. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Healers of these regions are aware of different uses of Al plant parts. It is not wrong to say that our knowledge is in use for profit making by certain agencies. My wish is to utilize natural population of Al present in state forests for people of Chhattisgarh and their health directly and earn revenue for the state by engaging rural youths in its processing and marketing. The Herb Collectors especially senior Collectors supported this view. They informed that earlier this region was rich in different types of Medicinal Mushrooms. The traders collected it as per demand in bulk unscientifically and today they have lost it from wild. One of them described the similar incidence for rare fern species.

Many Herb Collectors raised the issues of increasing competition. Due to migration and population pressure now the people of nearby states have joined the job of herb collection. Most of them are not aware of sustainable harvesting methods. For ease in collection of fruits from trees they believe in cutting of whole tree. The young generation of Herb Collectors is not showing interest in this traditional work. They are migrating to nearby cities for job. This is common pain of Herb Collectors throughout Chhattisgarh.

Before leaving this region I requested the Collectors to keep close view on trade of rare herbs. I thanked them for three types of Kali Haldi and requested them to search other types also. I am planning to visit the region again in coming months in order to get their feedback and collect new information.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates.

Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Ecoport Articles related to Bilaspur region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1697&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing The use of Triphala, prepared by mixing fruits of Harra, Bahera and Aonla in different proportions mainly in equal proportion, is popular among the natives of Chhattisgarh. They use it in order to get sound health throughout year. Its use for its laxative properties is also popular. But regular use of Triphala is not suitable for everyone. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh are glad with the popularity of this traditional combination among common people but they suggest its use under supervision of experts. Many times regular use of Triphala affects the effects of other herbal remedies. Seeing the advantages of taking Triphala and lack of awareness about other combinations or herbs having similar effects, natives ignore the harmful effects of Triphala. The senior natives of Bilaspur region are also aware of this fact but they have alternative. They use curry prepared from leaves of medicinal herb Giloi as promising substitute to Triphala. Many of them use it alternatively with Triphala. They claim that in many properties it is superior to Triphala. It was new information for me. Later the Traditional Healers of this region not only confirmed it but also appreciated the knowledge of senior natives. Through recent interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region I collected interesting information about herbs. I am giving details in present article.

During surveys I observed rich population of medicinal weed commonly known as Gorakh Ganja. Farmers consider it as waste plant and most of them are not aware of its medicinal uses and properties The Herb Collectors collect it for the traders rarely as per demand. The senior natives of this region are aware of its narcotic properties. Many of them informed that in early days the Healers of this region were using this herb as local anesthesia during small surgeries. It was given to reduce the sharp pain due to different types of injuries. The Healers of this region confirmed it and added that in modern times they use this herb to treat hyperactive as well as hypersensitive patients. As other promising alternatives are available they use it as local anesthesia less commonly.

Like other parts of Chhattisgarh the use of Halwa prepared from Khas-Khas (obtained from Opium) is also popular in this region. Its use is limited to rich natives. They consume it for taste. It is considered as good remedy for Insomnia. The senior natives of this region informed that it is boon for the patients having respiratory troubles specially Asthma. It is also useful for the thin natives who want to gain weight. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Healers of other parts of Chhattisgarh consider this traditional preparation useful in treatment of Urticaria and associated troubles. The senior natives were not aware of it. When I shared it they thanked me and promised me to spread the knowledge about it.

The senior natives of this region are having much information about medicinal uses of animals. They are aware of seasonal use of Rani Keeda. They informed about another useful insect and its use. It was common bed bug. In early days the natives were swallowing one bed bug daily in order to get good body resistance-many of them claimed. In order to hide its identity or to avoid vomiting they were consuming it after inserting it inside Banana or other fleshy fruits. I have written a lot about medicinal uses of this insect in previous research articles. But it was new information. During surveys many senior natives demonstrated its use with the help of Banana fruit. They further informed that Gorochan collected from dead cow is useful in treatment of cancer. The Healers of this region refused to comment on it.

The herbs growing in riverbeds are rich in unique medicinal properties-they informed. According to them the seasonal use of matured fruits of Kharbooz is boon for the patients having Renal Calculi. Kharbooz is grown in Arpa riverbed. Many senior natives believe that {{Arpa river}e} water plays important role in enriching Kharbooz with medicinal properties. It is main river of this region. They complained that in early days they were getting Kharbooz of uniform quality. Now due to modern Agriculture they are getting tasteless and sometimes extra sweet fruits in higher prices. They are not happy with new agricultural development that has taken away natural taste and therapeutic values of fruits and vegetables. Many of them informed that Kakri fruits are boon for the patients having Ulcerative Colitis. They suggest use of freshly harvested Kakri fruits without any salt or spices in order to get benefit.

During interaction with the rich senior natives aware of use of Shilajit I got important information from them. They informed that one must not use Shilajit with Gajar in any form. As Gajar is having capacity to flush out Shilajit. Later the Traditional Healers of this region confirmed it and explained that Gajar in any form but preferably in form of juice is boon for the patients having Renal Calculi. It flushes out all types of stones. When it is used with Shilajit it behaves in similar manner. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Healers of many parts of Chhattisgarh suggest the patients to avoid use of Shilajit with Kulthi Dal for the

same reason.

The above-mentioned information is very important. I am feeling fortunate to document this important traditional medicinal knowledge. During surveys the respondents shared their views with full support and in return they got new information through me collected from other parts of Chhattisgarh. My role as Honeybee was liked by them. They promised me to collect more information on herbs from surroundings especially on rare herbs and medicinal rice.

Keep reading my research articles for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Ecoport Articles related to Bilaspur region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin

Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1698&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing The Traditional Healers of Indian state Chhattisgarh suggest many herbs and herbal combinations to purify human body. This purification is done to remain disease free up to long time. Purification is also done after all types of poisoning. When the patients approach to them after taking modern medicines this process is done to nullify the effects of these medicines. It is not wrong to say that purification of body is an essential part of traditional systems of medicine. From the Herb Collectors of Kanker region I got information about new tool for this process. They informed that special Honey having properties of Shikakai tree is very promising for purification of body. After reading this article when you will approach to the nearby herbal shop owners and ask for Honey having properties of Shikakai they will have no answer. Whole market both nationally as well as internationally knows only one type of Honey. Many are aware of two or three types but as mentioned in previous research articles that in Chhattisgarh the Healers as well as Collectors are aware of tens of different Honey having different medicinal properties. So how Honey having properties of Shikakai is collected from wild? The Collectors explained that

they have identified locations having rich population of this plant. During flowering time they observe the Bee visits and at the end of season, at just start of bright nights they collect Honey by making hole at one side of comb. Through this method they get wax free Honey. It also damages the comb least. They want to maintain Bee population in this zone as rich population means higher production of Honey. And higher production means higher returns. I searched the herb market of Kanker city but no one was aware of this Honey and its collection. In fact this information is limited to few Collectors mostly with seniors. They collect it for the traders of Gujarat as per demand- they disclosed. According to them this Honey is supplied to international markets for manufacture of pure Ayurveda drugs. I have doubt in it, as I have yet not found any description about this type of Honey in Ayurveda literatures. For local traders, the Collectors supply one type of Honey and that is mixture of all types both superior and inferior. Later I asked about this Honey to the Healers of this region. Very few of them were aware of it. They informed that this Honey is boon for the patients having different types of cancer. Through recent interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region I collected many interesting information like this. I am giving details in present article.

In modern society different types of Allergies are generally blamed for common diseases. The Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh are also aware of certain types of Allergies but when I inform them about long list of Allergies discovered by modern experts they show lot of surprise. The Herb Collectors of Kanker region are also aware of some Allergies. They are aware that flowering of some wild plants results in common cough and cold in many natives. For them they have special remedy. Again this remedy is a type of Honey. This Honey is collected in similar pattern from locations having rich population of Bhelwa trees. They accept that as they don't have control over movement of honeybees it is not possible to get Honey having 100 percent properties of Bhelwa but they try their best to collect it from specific location and at specific time. The sensitive natives are suggested to use this Honey throughout problematic season. This Honey is collected for personal use. It is not in trade. The Healers of this region are aware of this special Honey but as other promising alternatives are available in form of herbs and herbal combinations they use it less commonly. In reference literatures I have yet not found any information on this aspect. Both types of Honey and information about its unique uses once again tell us about the importance of interviews and interactions with the Herb Collectors.

The Herb Collectors further informed that although Tikhur of Bastar is popular but good quality of Tikhur is also available in this region. During surveys I got opportunities to drink traditional Shurbut prepared from it. It is considered as cool tonic. I found it very useful after heavy physical work. The Collectors further informed that beside well-known Tikhur type they have Tikhur with many variations. In early days they were having Traditional Healers aware of special uses of these different types. These types are not in trade but they claimed that through

promotion of it, region can earn special recognition.

When we started discussion on rare herbs they informed about increasing demand of Kalihari, Vakeri and Kali Haldi from the region. They are getting old prices even for these hi-value herbs. When I informed them about its rates in national market they showed surprise and wish to get such high prices even at once in their whole life. I am aware that it is mere a dream as middlemen lobby will never allow them to fulfill this dream even for a day. I showed them processed Sal seed oil and asked whether they can prepare oil of same level. They denied it and said with traditional methods they can try to do it but if the authorities will train us then we will definitely produce this type of Sal oil. These Collectors collect Sal seeds but instead of giving training for Sal seed processing, the authorities sell it to the traders. As mentioned in previous research articles that value addition must be in the state by the Collectors themselves so that they can reap the actual profit.

Beside regular demand of Kalihari seeds and tubers they informed that from few years demand of its leaves has increased. Shade dried leaves are in demand. It was new information for me. Like the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region they showed me different types of Kali Haldi having prices from lower to very high side. Although three types of Cyperus are collected and supplied to national market from this region but the Herb Collectors are aware of over 20 types of Cyperus having traditional medicinal uses. They showed me species useful in treatment of cancer pain and also as memory tonic. I am in process of identifying correct species.

Although I have visited many times in this region but every time I get new information like this. I am expecting same trend in future also. I am planning to make film on procedure of collection of special types of Honey.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Ecoport Articles related to Kanker region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1699&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Like other parts of Chhattisgarh so-called incurable disease Sickle Cell Anaemia is also becoming problematic in this region. The efforts to identify the patients by the authorities are presenting dangerous picture of this disease. Modern medical science considers it incurable whereas in Chhattisgarh the Traditional Healers and other herb lovers believe that herbs gifted by Mother Nature have capacity to treat this disease. As traditional knowledge researcher, I never miss chance to document any information or claim made by natives for the cure of this disease. During recent surveys in Raigarh region, from Herb Collectors I got information on two herbs useful for the patients. They informed that matured Kaitha fruits are boon for such patients. Kaitha trees are present in this region. Its presence confirms the elephant population in surroundings, as it is one of the favorite fruits of elephants. In general Kaitha is much liked by natives also. They consume raw fruits. Shurbut and different traditional dishes are also prepared from it. The Herb Collectors of Raigarh region disclosed that for better utilization of Kaitha fruits the first condition is to use matured fruits and second condition is to use it with Gud. Later the Traditional Healers of this region confirmed this information and added that it can be used as supplement treatment along with main treatment of Sickle Cell Anaemia. Pokhra (Lotus seeds) is another herb part suggested by the Collectors. It is consumed by the natives of Chhattisgarh with taste. According to Herb Collectors its seasonal use helps the patients having 'mild' sickling to fight with the troubles in promising ways. But existence of both Pokhra and Kaitha is in danger in Raigarh region. The black dust coming from tens of sponge iron units is becoming curse for the forest produces and also for the livelihood of natives including Herb Collectors. Through recent interactions and discussion with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region, I collected many interesting information on different aspects of herbs. I am giving details in present article.

As traditional crop, cultivation of Kodo is in progress in this region although in limited areas. The Herb Collectors are aware of increasing demand of this minor millet by the traders at national level. I have mentioned in previous research articles that Ayurveda experts in Indian Metros are suggesting the patients having Diabetes to consume Bhat prepared from Kodo. The traders want to keep this demand secret especially from the Herb Collectors in fear of high prices but it was really surprising that they were aware of it. When I shared information on therapeutic

values of Kodo with them they informed about unique use of this millet in treatment of Ulcerative Colitis. According to them it is one of the best food for such patients. At initial stages it helps in treatment of this trouble as single remedy. At advanced stages it is given as supplement treatment.

From last two to three years the demand of medicinal herb Hadjod has increased many folds in India. Many foreign buyers are in search on unexploited area. The Herb Collectors informed that many traders asked them to search this wild herb in nearby forest. They identified many promising spots. Unfortunately most of these spots are present in Natural Forest that has converted in to Black forest by pollution. When traders ask for raw herb they supply this herb after washing but when the demand is for pulp form they face problem in doing this due to dust problem. Many of them claimed that due to black dust old plants are producing thin stems. They confirmed that the Healers especially bone setters of this region use this herb in bone setting along with other herbs. They also informed that Hadjod having both four and three angled stems are present in the region but the demand is for four-angled Hadjod.

The senior Herb Collectors informed about therapeutic values of vegetables. In this region natives grow different types of vegetable through skilled farming techniques in their Badi. The Herb Collected claimed that for the patients having Leucoderma vegetable locally known, as Dhens is very useful. Its seasonal use flushes out the worms and indirectly helps the patients. Its role in stopping the spread of white spots is very important. It is very important information, as this skin trouble is becoming common trouble especially in urban region where natives are having no option to reject chemically grown agricultural produces. Although Kundru fruits are consumed popularly as vegetable but I have mentioned in previous research articles that the natives and Healers of Chhattisgarh are aware of medicinal properties and uses of its other parts also. The Herb Collectors of this region are aware of use of Kundru roots as measure to increase sexual performance but they added that its occasional use is only permitted. In long term it damages stomach to great extent.

Although Aloe is not under cultivation as commercial medicinal crop in this region but natives are aware of its medicinal uses as traditional plant. They know it as Ghritkumari or Dhikuar. The Oriya speaking Herb Collectors informed that they extract the juice of Aloe pulp in traditional way and by mixing local herbs in this juice prepare special drink. This drink can be prepared in different concentrations i.e. power. This drink is considered as promising painkiller. Later the Healers of this region confirmed it and informed that they are trying it in treatment of cancer pain.

I am visiting this region since long time but after establishment of polluting industries I avoid to visit as I feel shocking by seeing loss of Natural forest due to the greed of few industrialists. I know this loss is forever. Without knowing the flora and fauns of Raigarh region completely we are in verge of loosing it. It is really painful.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in

Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Ecoport Articles related to Raigarh region. Ecoport Pictures related to Raigarh region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers

Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1702&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Although acidic fruits of Kamrakh are much liked by children but it is not wrong to say that more or less people of all age groups like it. Kamrakh plants are well known in Kanker region of Indian state Chhattisgarh also. It is collected and consumed raw or with salt by the natives. During recent interactions with the senior natives of this region I got many interesting information about its medicinal properties and uses. In general it is considered as natural remedy for poor digestion. It improves taste of mouth. In this region matured fruit are given to the patients having loose motions. Its use is continued till complete cure. The patients having liver related troubles specially Jaundice are suggested to avoid its use in any form and quantity as these fruits are considered harmful to lever. Later the Traditional Healers of this region

confirmed this information and added that such fruits must be consumed only during season. Its off season use results in harmful effects. I collected many interesting information like this through recent discussion and interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. I am giving details in present article.

Although modern medical sciences consider the seed oil of oilseed crop Kusum beneficial and healthy for the people of all age group but the ancients literatures related to different systems of medicine in India specially Ayurveda warns about its use in any form. I have mentioned in previous research articles that as cooking oil Til oil is considered best where as Kusum oil is considered least useful. The senior natives of Kanker region are also having same opinion. They informed that Kusum oil extracted from seed produces imbalance in body and as result the users get sickness frequently. According to them Kusum seeds are having capacity to nullify the harmful effects caused by seed oil. Later the Healers confirmed it and added that Kusum seeds are given many times as supplement to Triphala. It was new information for me. Like other parts of Chhattisgarh curry prepared from Kusum leaves is popular in this region also. The natives of present generation prefer modern vegetable and they avoid use of traditional vegetables and curries like Kusum. The senior natives informed that this curry is beneficial for the troubles of old age. It is especially useful in troubles of eyes. They consume it in little amount. Large amount is considered harmful for digestion system. The patients having Piles are suggested to avoid its regular use.

During surveys the senior natives showed me pieces of roots tied inside the red cloth. They keep it in possible entry points of snake and other venomous creatures in home. They claim that it is promising snake repellent. Use of red cloth increases its efficacy. I identified it as roots of medicinal herb Kasaundi. In reference literatures the use of this root in treatment of snakebite has been mentioned. Many natives described it as tool to get protection from evil spirits. In general they change roots every year. In early days, according to the senior natives, the use of this herb in treatment of soldiers injured from poisonous arrows was in practice. Now this knowledge is in danger but the Traditional Healers of this region are trying to use it for the treatment of cancerous wounds.

When we started discussion on herbs like Satavar and Chandrashoor to increase the flow of milk in lactating women, the senior natives suggested that the roots of medicinal herb Kaseru is also promising. They use it as Ethnoveterinary medicine also for milch cattle. They further informed that in many cases Asparagus fails to give the desirable effects after few doses. In such cases the use of Kaseru root as supplementary medicine gives promising results. In this region Kaseru root is an integral part of herbal combinations used in treatment of heart troubles. The senior natives

are aware of its use in treatment of insanity especially when patients are restless.

In Traditional snacks Karayal is added quite commonly. In general it is added for taste but the senior natives of this region informed that addition of Karayal in traditional snacks helps in digestion. They named at least ten types of Karayal based traditional dishes used in early days as gift to newly wed couples for its aphrodisiac properties. Very few dishes are popular in modern time.

I have mentioned in previous research articles that Sal forest of this region is in danger due to spread of unknown disease. The senior natives are in worry. For them Sal is not a tree which gives economical returns but also through traditional knowledge about it they get protected from different diseases round the year. They are much impressed by the wound healing properties of Sal dhoop. In early days they have seen its miraculous effects in treatment of natives injured by wild animals. They claimed that it must be tried for the cancerous wounds alone and in combination with other herbs. Later the Healers of this region confirmed this observation. They added that this dhoop stops all types of bleeding and this is the reason they are trying it for many incurable diseases like {{Haemophilia}g}.

The senior natives are not happy with loosing interest of modern youth in traditional practices and knowledge. They are also much worried for decreasing list of home remedies due to lack of proper documentation. During interaction they informed about over 25 experts Traditional Healers famous in Kanker region. Unfortunately none of them are with us. Their knowledge ended with them. They blamed present policies for discouraging traditional practices. I assured them to convey their pain to readers of my research articles with hope that they will do something to conserve and utilize traditional medicinal knowledge about herbs.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Ecoport Articles related to Kanker region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document

http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1703&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Durg region of Chhattisgarh is world famous for vegetable production. Vegetables produced in this region are exported to different corners of world. Besides knowing the improved farming techniques, the natives of this region are also aware of medicinal properties and uses of these vegetables. Based on cultivation practices we can divide the farmers in two categories. Farmers growing vegetables by using modern techniques and heavy amount of pesticides can be kept in one category whereas farmers growing vegetables through traditional methods can be kept in second category. Traditional farmers are still raising it with organic farming methods. The modern farmers are also aware of organic techniques but they use it only for production of vegetables for family need. They blame organic methods for poor yield and in order to stand in market they try to justify heavy uses of chemical inputs in commercial farming. I usually met both types of farmers but in most of the cases I get more information from the Traditional Farmers. During recent interactions they informed about less known medicinal properties and uses of many vegetables as well as herbs growing in surroundings. In general Karela is grown for its fruits. The natives consume it in form of curry. The natives having diabetes are specially advised by both modern and traditional health experts to consume this curry as much as possible. The Traditional Farmers of Durg region informed that Karela is promising body purifier. Its regular use flushes out all types of toxin from body. Although due to modern farming techniques Karela fruits are available many times in year but its seasonal use is considered beneficial as medicine. Many Farmers claimed that regular use of Karela up to many years prevent the formation of Pathri (Renal Calculi). The patients having this trouble are also suggested to use this fruit as curry during treatment in order to get early relief. The efficacy of Karela fruits against intestinal worms has been evaluated by the modern researchers. Ancient literatures are full of information on this use. According to the Farmers in this way this fruit is beneficial for Leucoderma also as intestinal worms are considered responsible for this disease. They suggested

the use of common winter season weed Bathua with Karela in order to get more promising results. They warn about the use of Karela produced by using modern chemicals in larger amount as its use can produce troubles like Leucoderma. Through interactions and discussion with these farmers I collected many interesting information like this. I am giving details in present article.

The Farmers of this region are much worried about the increasing infestation of Parthenium in the region. They consider the manure purchased from daily farms situated near big cities by the rich farmers, as big cause for its spread. They showed me many such farms where there was rich and unattended population of Parthenium. The rich farmers manage Parthenium present in field but ignore its presence in bunds and wasteland. These lands act as seed bank and through it this weed spreads in new locations. As no major Parthenium management program is in progress this weed is getting sufficient time for spread. They further informed that Lantana and Beshram are not problematic weeds now. Natives have started its uses. Due to lack of forest in surroundings natives are using woody parts of both weeds as fuel source. Beshram stems are in use as fence whereas Lantana is in use as live fence. I have mentioned in previous research articles that natives of Chhattisgarh have developed new medicinal uses of exotic weeds including Lantana and Beshram. They are also utilizing the insects feeding on it as medicinal insects. The use of Tortoise and Blister beetles is among these examples. After spreading in Gariaband and Mainpur regions Chromolaena is know searching ground for spread in Durg region. I am trying to identify the mode of this effective spread.

When I reached to Patan region the farmers were applying Karanj oil on wound of cattle. They were happy by seeing the promotion of Karanj as biodiesel plant by the authorities. Karanj is present in this region since time immemorial and its different parts are an integral part of home remedies both for human beings and cattle. The Farmers informed that they use Karanj flowers both in raw and cooked form in treatment of respiratory troubles. It is popularly used in common cough and cold. Its leaf extract is used in treatment of all types of fever especially old fever. Later the Traditional Healers of this region confirmed it and added that aqueous extract of leaves gives more promising results. In treatment of Piles both internal as well as external uses of empty pods of Karanj are also popular among the Farmers. Many of them complained that this year they failed to get the seed oil from local shops as seed collectors preferred to sell it to the agencies engaged in its procurement in high price for making biodiesel.

Although Farmers are not aware of Ulcerative Colitis technically but when I explained this trouble in simple words in their language they suggested many home remedies. At first they suggested use of Kela flowers in any form. Matured fruits of Karonda are also considered beneficial for them. They suggested avoiding the use of immature fruits as such fruits are

harmful to liver. Many of them suggested the use of decoction prepared from bark of Son patta tree. Later the Healers of this region confirmed the usefulness of these remedies and showed surprise in this knowledge. They added that treatment of this disease requires much patience and proper use of herbs and herbal combinations.

As mentioned in previous articles about ongoing conflict between Man and monkey in this region, during recent surveys the Farmers informed about new tactics. They have started new experiments to manage these religiously important creatures efficiently without causing damage to them. I am keeping close view of these experimentations.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Ecoport Articles related to Durg region.

Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1704&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing

In treatment of cancerous wound the Traditional Healers of Durg region try Ankol seed oil as last hope when all available remedies fail to give the desirable effects. Ankol is well known tree in this region and the Healers as well as natives are aware of its medicinal properties and uses. They extract the seed oil at their homes for its use. Before collecting seed oil they select the actively growing trees and irrigate it up to long time with different herb extracts and leachate. Through this Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge they enrich the seeds with medicinal properties. In treatment of cancerous wound when they observe positive effects of Ankol oil they add the seeds of another medicinal herb Kasturi Bhindi in it. Many of them prefer its oil. Oil is extracted by using traditional method. They wait for some time and in case of improvement, roots of medicinal herb Satyanashi are added in this combination. Many of them boil the freshly collected roots in Sarson oil and when all watery contents evaporate boiling is stopped and after filtration oil is collected. This oil is added with oils of Ankol and Kasturi Bhindi. After some time in order to hasten the process of wound healing bark on medicinal plant Hingot is added. Freshly collected bark is collected and added in herbal combination in powder form. Most of the Healers depend on Herb Vendors for the collection of bark. They test its purity before using, as they are well aware of adulteration. As last herb roots of medicinal herb Isarmool are added. They claim that addition of these herbs at different stages helps the patients to recover from trouble effectively in less time. What will happen if we add all herbs and use it as first remedy? The Healers have different opinions but most of them avoid any such experimentation and wish to practice this traditional knowledge without any modification. After getting information about this unique sequence when I searched the reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India I failed to get any information on this aspect. It is matter of proud that this information is coming among the world community in form of written document through present article. The senior Healers informed that in early days of war their ancestors were using this knowledge to treat the soldiers injured by poisonous arrows. Now this knowledge is helping the patients having cancerous wounds. Through recent interactions and discussions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region I collected many such important information. I am giving details in present article.

The Healers of this region use both common as well as rare herbs in treatment of different types of cancer. These days 'Wheat grass therapy' is becoming popular among the natives of Indian Metros. The modern experts are suggesting cancer patients to use it as supplement treatment. The Healers of Durg region are also aware of it. It is locally popular as 'Jwara chikitsa'. According to the Healers this extract is beneficial for common natives not for the patients fighting with complicated diseases like cancer. For them they use extracts of other herbs. They informed about the unique use of young seedling juice of medicinal herb Ankol. Based on the condition of the patients this juice is given in specific amount. It is given many times in a day but its use is preferred during morning. The Healers raise the seedlings in their Badi and give it to the patients approaching to them. In most of the cases patients are not informed about the name of herb. The

Healers are much worried about commercial exploitation. Many Healers suggest its round the year use but the senior Healers informed that its use in rainy season when new seedlings appear in forest naturally, gives best results. They claimed that this juice is useful for external use also but as other promising alternatives are available the Healers use it less commonly in treatment of cancerous wound. I am aware that from documentation point of view it is important information. The Healers use another herb also for cancer patients. It is Gataran. The decoction of its bark is given internally as tonic to such patients. According to them its use in limited quantity increases the natural resistance of body and increases the performance of main remedies. These traditional uses are also new information.

When for the first time I wrote an article on traditional medicinal uses of Cannabis in Botanical.com many readers raised objection that such information will encourage the users of this narcotic herb but it is matter of fact that in India this herb is used as medicinal herb and the reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India are full of information about its medicinal properties and uses. Its all parts are used internally as well as externally in treatment of many diseases both alone and in combination with other herbs. I have written a lot on its different aspects. The Traditional Healers of Durg region use its leaves in treatment of hair related troubles in combination with other herbs. In general they mix Bhengra and Cannabis leaves in equal proportion and extract the juice. This juice is added in black soil and patients are advised to wash hairs with it. It is said as panacea to all hair related troubles. It promotes new hair growth and also very useful in treatment of dandruff. During surveys I got opportunity to meet and interact with the patients getting benefit from this combination. Their encouraging responses motivated me to write about it without any delay. In reference literatures the use of Cannabis leaves for dandruff trouble has been mentioned but its use in combination with Bhengra and black soil in this way is new information.

After trying all types of herbs and herbal oils for mosquito management the Healers of this region have prepared a new combination of different oils. They are adding 16 types of oils to prepare this combination. Peng, Karanj, Neem and Kukronda oils are added as main ingredients. This combination is having bit odd smell but it is effective as mosquito repellent. The Healers burn it during evening time when mosquitoes are active. They also give it to the cattle owners to burn it in cattle shed. These days' mosquito bites are affecting milk production of indigenous cows to great extent. The Healers are aware that very soon this combination will start loosing its effectiveness. But they are ready for it. They are having over 20 types of new oils ready for addition. They will add it gradually in it. It is really matter of proud to work with such real scientists.

Without waiting for honor and recognition from civil society the Healers of Chhattisgarh are serving natives of the state as well as different corners of world. In fact they are waiting for new flush of youths interested in their knowledge so that they can transfer it to safe hands. Lets hope and pray that one day our society will understand their contributions.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Ecoport Articles related to Durg region. Related References

Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1705&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing

The Traditional Healers of Saraipali region use variety of medicinal herbs in treatment of different diseases. In most of the cases they use herbs present in surroundings but in rare cases or in treatment of complicated diseases like cancer they use herbs growing in neighboring states and also many times herbs having Himalayan origin. For these herbs they depend on the Herb Vendors of other states. During recent surveys I got surprised to see rare medicinal herb Mamira with them. Although this rare Himalayan herb is claimed to be present in Chhattisgarh by many Traditional Healers but the Healers of Saraipali region informed that they use Mamira purchased from the Herb Vendors. Many of them believe that it is present in Southern Chhattisgarh and many Herb Vendors supply it but they consider Mamira of Himalayan origin more useful. Like in case of other herbs, adulteration and supply of wrong herbs are common practice. Aware of it the Healers of this region adopt traditional methods to test its purity. In previous research articles I have mentioned different traditional methods to test the purity of Ayurveda herbs including Mamira. I am not repeating it here. The Healers use rhizome of Mamira. They use it as tonic in order to increase the natural resistance in patients. They want to use it more or less in case of patients having old diseases but its high cost and poor supply force them to use it only in treatment of lethal diseases like cancer and AIDS. In general they are in favor of its use under their supervision since childhood in order to remain disease free up to long time. In early days their ancestors were using it for the members of royal families. They claimed that judicious use of this herb has saved many lives during pre-independence epidemics. Through recent interactions and discussions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region I collected many such information. I am giving the details in present article.

From the Herb Vendors coming from Maharashtra the Healers of this region purchase herb named Marvel. Whole herb is purchased in dry form. They use it both internally as well as internally in treatment of cancer. In general it is added in herbal combination having over 35 types of herbs. This combination is considered incomplete without this herb. When I asked about the complete formulation they replied that based on the condition of the patients they add or delete the ingredients. They avoided giving more information but informed that except this herb all herbs present in surroundings are used in this combination. Many of them informed that alone Marvel is also used in many cases but its use is limited to initial stages.

The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India mention about use of Keu Kand tubers as birth control measure. I have mentioned in previous research articles that in form of pickles and other traditional dishes the natives as well as Traditional Healers of different parts of Chhattisgarh use it for this purpose. The Healers of Saraipali region are also aware of it but in order to get more promising results they give combination of Keu-Kand chips and Baibirang fruits. They are in favor of its use under supervision of experts. Both herbs are present in nearby forests.

During surveys I observed use of special bark in treatment of stomach related troubles. The Healers of this region consider this bark boon for the patients having old problem of constipation. In general it is used in form of powder or decoction but many times they add it in popular herbal combinations also. They are not in favor of its long-term use. They purchase it from the Herb Vendors. Herb Vendors sell it in name of Barphalli. From characteristic of bark and name of plant it seems as Euonymus tingens bark. When I contacted to the herb suppliers of Himalayan region they confirmed about its collection as well as purchase by the suppliers of Chhattisgarh region. During visit to the Healers I got opportunity to meet some Vendors. I found roots of Gentiana kurroo with them. They sell it in name of Pashanbhed. According to them it is one of the promising remedies for Renal Calculi. They complained that the Healers of Saraipali region don't purchase it from them. In treatment of this trouble they prefer use of local herbs. I have mentioned earlier that in the name of Pashanbhed many herbs are available in different parts of India. The Herb Vendors further informed that while using Shilajeet the users are requested to avoid the use of specific herbs. Pashanbhed is one of these herbs.

The Healers of this region showed me typical roots of medicinal herb Corallocarpus epigaeus. They use these roots in treatment of joint pains as single remedy. In general it is used at initial stages. If they fail to get the desired effects they try other herbs and herbal combinations. The Healers having expertise in treatment of different types of skin diseases especially Leucoderma informed that they add these roots in popular herbal combinations used internally for this trouble.

Like the Healers of other parts of Chhattisgarh, the Healers of this region are also much worried about the future of medicinal herbs. Earlier they were considering the dense forests and hill tops free from human interference but due to increasing human pressure cutting of forest trees for fuel and search for new areas for the collection of medicinal herbs for herb trade, now these hot spots are in danger. Unfortunately no effort is in progress to conserve these hot spots. The Healers suggested me to visit at the start of rainy season in order to get new information about medicinal insects and mites. I have assured them to visit in coming season.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Ecoport Articles related to Saraipali region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery

McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1706&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing During visits to nearby forest in search of medicinal herbs the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region learnt unique uses of medicinal tree Kaitha. They informed that after consuming local agricultural crops in bulk when many monkeys feel stomach upset they reach to Kaitha trees in group and affected individuals chew the leaves. It is done for long period and many times up to two-three days. When the Healers observed it they collected leaves and used it for the same trouble, they found surprising results. Gradually they started its use in other related troubles also. The Healers transferred this knowledge to next generation and so on. The Healers of present generation are now adding these leaves in herbal combinations useful in treatment of advanced stages of stomach troubles. Many of them claimed that it is useful in treatment stomach cancer. Now they are trying it for other troubles also. They want to enrich this traditional knowledge with new experiments as their ancestors have done it. Through recent interactions and

discussions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region I have collected many interesting information on medicinal herbs and its traditional uses. I am giving details in present article.

As this region is nearer to neighboring state Orissa many Oriya Traditional Healers are also giving their services to the natives. They use both native as well as herbs collected from Orissa. They visit to dense forests of neighboring state at the end of rainy season. Many of them depend on the Herb Vendors for rare herbs. They showed me a special herb named Lolori or Loloriya. It is its Oriya name. They use its seed and root. Both parts are collected fresh and mixed in equal amount. The combination is boiled in base oil and when all watery contents evaporate the boiling is stopped and filtered oil is used as remedy to treat joint pains. As base oil Sarson oil is used commonly. In order to get more promising effects the senior Healers suggest its preparation through traditional sun method. It takes much time. After its preparation its filtration is avoided. In general the Healers prepare it as per need once in a year for round the year use. It is not available as commercial product. Many young Healers are trying new experiments. They are adding more herbs in it for making it more useful. Nirgundi is among these herbs.

The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India are full of information about medicinal herb Gudmar and its promising use in treatment of Diabetes. In general its leaves are used. The Healers of Raigarh region are also aware of its use. But surprisingly they consider the roots more effective than leaves. Many Healers use leaves with roots but always keep the proportion of roots to higher side. New roots are preferred as compared to old roots. They irrigate the plants with diluted solution of rice water and Haldi powder few days before the collection of roots. Many Healers apply powdered grains of early maturing rice in form of solution near root zone. This Traditional Allelopathic knowledge is practiced to 'activate' the medicinal contents of roots. Roots are used in fresh form. Its use in form of juice is preferred as compared to decoction. The natural forests of this region are rich in wild population of this herb.

From the Herb Vendors of Maharashtra state these Healers purchase medicinal herb named Ambuli. This herb is used in green form. They extract its juice and use it for wound dressing. During surveys I found this herb in many locations. I informed the Healers to collect it from wild. As they purchase variety of herbs from these Vendors they prefer to buy it from that source instead of going for its collection in wild. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Healers of many parts of Chhattisgarh use this herb in treatment of cancerous wounds. I shared this information with the Healers of Raigarh region. They thanked and assured me to try it in their routine practice. I am waiting for their feedback.

Although the herb traders of this region are not much aware of natural occurrence of Anatmool herb in nearby forests and it is not in routine trade but the Healers are aware of its presence. They use its all parts as medicine but the use of aromatic roots is very common. They add these roots in powder form in herbal combination having over 33 types of herbs. This combination is given in different doses to all sick natives in order to make the natural resistance of body strong. I see its scope in treatment of modern diseases like AIDS. Although the Healers are not using it for this purpose in this region but when I shared information on similar formulations that are in use in other parts of Chhattisgarh they showed positive response. They don't want to disclose the names of all herbs used in this combination but many of them informed that Safed Musli, Dashmool, Semal Jadi, Kali Musli etc. are added as other ingredients but central role is played by Anantmool roots.

During surveys I got opportunities to meet very few Healers treating different types of cancer. There are many Healers in this region aware of traditional formulations useful in cancer like troubles but as patients are not approaching to them they are not getting chance for trials. From such Healers I got information on herbs useful in treatment of stomach cancer. They informed that the herbs named Bade Gumma and Chhote Chiryata are useful in this trouble. Bade Gumma grows as winter season weed in wasteland whereas another herb grows in forest. Whole herb collected before flowering is used in powder form. Both are mixed in different proportion and given with cow milk. During its use the patients are advised to take milk in plenty. Possibly milk helps body in utilization of these herbs.

Very high demand and regular collection of few medicinal herbs from wild for herbal trade is disturbing the balance of entire forest-the Healers informed. Like the Healers of other regions they also suggested that collection from forest must be in rotation or in gap of at least one year. They are happy that rare herbs are still far from the greedy eyes but much worried due to increasing level of pollution and its irreversible effect on medicinal herbs.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Ecoport Articles related to Raigarh region. Ecoport Pictures related to Raigarh region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers

Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1707&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing When any patient having dental troubles approach to the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region for uprooting it they give him or her a small ball of herbal combinations to chew. After ten minutes, they apply herbal oil (many times herbal solutions) on particular tooth and very soon it comes out without any effort. It is one of the miraculous examples of traditional dentistry and we are fortunate that still we have some senior experts aware of this knowledge. Although I have written less on this aspect of traditional knowledge in Chhattisgarh but through Ethnobotanical surveys I have collected information on over 80 herbs and tens of herbal combinations used in traditional dentistry. I have mentioned in previous research articles that how the Healers of Gunderdehi and Tilda regions apply two drops of herbal oil or combination into the nose and this simple treatment gives immense relief from dental troubles. After the

formation of new state Chhattisgarh many quacks have started their business of alternative dentistry in big cities. They have modern tools and power of advertisements. Opposite to it traditional dentistry is far from such advertisements and in real sense there is need to conserve this knowledge. Like other Healers, these Healers also don't charge fees for treatment. The Healers of Rajnandgaon region informed that medicinal herb Ghaghar bel is one of the commonly used ingredients in almost all herbal combinations used for this purpose. This herb is present in natural forest and the expert Healers collect it on specific day and time. Many of them are aware of herbal solutions having capacity to enrich this medicinal herb with medicinal properties with the help of Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge. The expert Healers also depend on Herb Vendors of other states for some rare herbs. I found leaves of Nepeta cataria with them. They purchase it from Herb Vendors. These leaves are added in herbal combinations like Ghaghar Bel leaves. Through recent interactions and discussions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region I have collected many interesting information on different aspects of medicinal herbs. I am giving details in present article.

Like Healers of other parts of Chhattisgarh the Healers of this region also suggest the natives to use wild fruits as well as common weeds growing in surroundings as curry round the year in order to get protection from modern diseases. For the patients having problem of constipation and Piles the use of Jimikand both in form of curry and pickles is recommended. At advanced stages they use special herbs and herbal combinations. Chhui-Mui is one of these special herbs. Its leaves and roots are used for this purpose. Both herb parts are used internally as well as externally. It is really surprising that in case of female patients they keep the proportion of leaves in leaf-root combination higher and in case of male patients the proportion of roots are kept in higher side for internal use. They are not aware of its scientific reason and as traditional knowledge practicing it sincerely without any modification. Externally parts are used after shade drying. Parts are burnt and fumes are directed towards painful Piles. It acts in promising ways in case of bleeding Piles. Although this is effective method but in general patients dislike this use. They believe more on herbal paste and oil. Internal remedies are preferred at most. In rare cases when native remedies fail to give the desired effects the Healers use special herb purchased from the Herb Vendors coming from Himalayan regions. They showed me fruits of medicinal plant Chaapra. Its fruits are used as single remedy both internally as well as externally. They are much impressed by its promising effects. It is not used at early stages. Its use requires much care. Due to its poor supply many times patients have to wait up to long time for treatment.

Through recent surveys I collected information on over 20 types of herbal oils having promising effects in treatment of joint pains. All oils are applied externally. These special oils are not available as commercial products in market. The Healers prepare it at their homes by adopting time taking traditional methods. In these oils over 130 types of medicinal herbs are added. In

general they want to keep the complete details about these oils secret. But many Healers informed about few herbs. They informed that Maida and Munga seed oils are having promising effects in this trouble. Both oils are added in different formulations. At initial stages many Healers prepare special oil by mixing both oils in equal proportion. Maida tree is present in forest whereas Munga is planted in Badi for its pods. Munga trees having bitter taste are preferred for preparation of this oil.

In treatment of common skin trouble Leucoderma the Healers use many medicinal herbs and combinations. I have written a lot about their traditional knowledge on this aspect in my previous research articles. Through present survey I got new information about use of Sindoori fruits and bark alone and in combination with other herbs in treatment of this trouble. Both plant parts are used as internal remedy. In treatment of mental troubles especially when patients are restless the Healers of this region use medicinal herb popularly known as Patal Garudi. Its roots are used internally with cow milk whereas root paste is applied externally on head of patients along with black soil. The Healers claimed that both internal as well as external uses at a time give much relief to them.

Although herb based traditional dentistry is gift of India to entire world community but unfortunately it is neglected in its own country. As mentioned earlier we are loosing the expert Healers without learning and documenting their knowledge. Modern researchers out rightly reject existence of any such traditional practice, which is not a correct attitude. There is need to evaluate these practices under the frame of modern science. It will save millions wasted in unnecessary 're-search' and encourage the Healers to share their knowledge for the welfare of larger part of society.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Ecoport Articles related to Rajnandgaon region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery

McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1708&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing When modern natives start using medicinal herbs for treatment of their ailments they expect quick miracles. And when they fail to feel any such miracle they start loosing interest in these herbs. The Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh know it very well. This is the reason before starting treatment they try to explain the limitations of their knowledge as well as medicinal herbs. They expect full cooperation from the patients. Patients are convinced to take herbs up to required period without even thinking of self-medication and experimentation. During recent surveys the Healers of Gandai region shared similar experience with me. I have written a lot on traditional knowledge about medicinal herbs and insects the Healers of this region have and mentioned that these Healers suggest use of many types of wooden glasses and bowls in treatment of different diseases. They have expertise in preparation of herbal glasses from Beeja wood. It is given to the patients having Diabetes for use as supplement treatment along with

main treatment. Ignoring the limitation in its use as supplementary treatment most of the modern natives approach to them with demand of these glasses. They show no interest in main treatment. They start using glasses as per their ideas. They expect that regular use will 'cure' their trouble forever. Within week they loose interest and shift for other remedies. The Healers of Gandai region informed that Beeja wooden glasses help in regulation of sugar level in body if used with main remedies. They added that it is very good remedy for the problem of frequent urination associated with this trouble. When patients approach to them for systematic treatment with full faith only then they inform about these uses. This is the reason I always write in my articles that faith is must in any system of medicine if patients want to get well quickly. Through recent interactions and discussions with the Healers of Gandai region I have collected many interesting information on traditional medicinal uses of herbs. I am giving details in present article.

The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India mention about use of gum obtained from Beeja tree useful in treatment of stomach related troubles but the Healers as well as natives of this region prefer use of Bambri gum for this purpose. The Healers use Beeja gum in treatment of dental troubles. It is used along with other gums in treatment of severe toothache. This gum is added in popular herbal combinations used as sex tonic. In form of traditional dishes especially Laddu this gum is given to the newly wed couples for the same purpose.

Like other parts of Chhattisgarh Kusum is also well known tree in this region. The Healers are aware of medicinal properties and uses of its all parts. The Healers treating cancer patients informed that its bark and powdered seeds are added in herbal combinations used externally in treatment of cancerous wound. In many cases both herb parts are mixed in equal amount and by boiling it in water decoction is prepared. This decoction is used to wash the wounds. They are much impressed by its wound healing properties. Old trees are preferred for the collection of plant parts.

Although world literatures on medicinal weed Oxalis claim that the internal use of its leaves are harmful for human body but the Healers of this region suggest the patients having gastric troubles to chew few leaves just before breakfast. They are not in favor of its consumption in large amounts. Patients having ulcers in stomach and related troubles are suggested to avoid its use. They are also aware of use of leaves externally in treatment of skin diseases specially Ringworm but as other alternatives are available it is used less commonly. I am aware that from documentation point of view it is important information.

On the basis of groups of different types of diseases the senior Healers of this region have selected specific herbs and herbal combinations. For example the patients having kidney related troubles specially stones and Urticaria at a time are treated with the help of medicinal herb locally known as Jal Buti. When this single remedy fails to give the desired effects they add more herbs with it but always proportion of Jal Buti is kept at higher side. Whole herb is used and its use in fresh form is preferred. For the patients having worm problem, Leucoderma and liver related troubles the Healers prefer the use of forest herb Mainphal. Its fruit pulp is used internally. I am trying to learn in detail about this new way of treating patients having specific types of diseases.

When I started discussion on less commonly used medicinal herbs the Healers informed about the use of medicinal climber commonly known as Phang. They use its leaves internally in treatment of stomach related troubles. Its whole plant before flowering is considered as useful internal remedy in treatment of bleeding Piles. The Healers use Bhui-neem herb for treatment of different types of fever especially malarial fever. The senior Healers informed that medicinal herb {{Nymphoides indicum}e} have similar properties like Bhui-neem and it can be used as promising substitute. Although they have never used it but they have faith in this traditional knowledge.

The Healers asked about my earlier plan for making Traditional Healers forum. I informed them about my on-going documentation work and discussed financial and related problems that are constraints in establishing such important forum. I assured them that my plan is intact and I am trying my best for it. Like other parts of Chhattisgarh the number of quacks is increasing in this region also and they are working fearlessly without any threat of legal action by modern practitioners as most of them act as their representatives in remote areas and refer the patients to modern practitioners. The strict oath of Healers stops them to do it and as result they faces the frequent threat of legal action. I write all these so openly with hope that I will get some support to oppose such wrong actions under the legal framework.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the

interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1710&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Although natural occurrence of medicinal herb Asgandh in Chhattisgarh has not been reported in reference literatures but as I have mentioned in previous articles that the Traditional Healers and Herb Collectors of many regions claim its natural occurrence. The Collectors of Nandni-Ahiwara showed its plants during my early surveys. During recent surveys in Gandai region the Herb Collectors of this region also claimed its natural occurrence and after seeing big question mark on my face showed me plants collected from forest. I identified it as more vigorous and healthy type of Asgandh than the plants I commonly see in crop fields. The Herb Collectors informed

that this herb is not in trade from this region. The Traders are not taking interest in it and also it is not available in bulk. This herb is in use as medicinal herb by the Healers as well as common natives. In general its roots are used internally as main ingredient of many herbal formulations. The Herb Collectors of this region are aware of its less known external uses. According to them root possess wound healing properties. They have tried it alone and in combination with other herbs in treatment of old wounds. Roots are used in form of paste. In general they use cow urine to prepare this paste. Many times paste is prepared by using Sarson oil. Later the Healers of this region confirmed the claims of Collectors and disclosed that they have found the roots useful in treatment of cancerous wound. They showed me different preparation kept for off-season use. The Herb Collectors of this region keep these roots with them while traveling in forest especially in rainy season in order to apply it in case of injuries. Through recent interactions and discussions with the Herb Collectors of this region I collected many interesting information on different aspects of medicinal herbs. I am giving details in present article.

The Collectors of this region collect both species of Vernonia i.e. Vernonia cinerea and Vernonia anthelmintica. First one is known as Sahadevi whereas second one in known as Kaliziri. They collect it for the traders. They informed that collection of Kaliziri is higher in comparison to Sahadevi. Recently the state authorities have kept Kaliziri in the list of potential medicinal herbs having regular demand. In reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India Kaliziri holds a reputed condition in treatment of worm related troubles. The Herb Collectors of this region are also aware of its uses. They informed that the internal use of its seeds is beneficial for Leucoderma. They claimed that at initial stages it acts in promising ways and they have seen its miraculous effects on many patients. At advanced stage it is used along with other internal as well as external remedies. They further informed that use of Harra internally in any form helps the patients having this trouble at any stage. Harra is collected in bulk for the trade. They collect its fruits commonly and rarely its bark as well as other parts.

When I started discussion of rare herbs they showed little hesitation as earlier some traders from outside met to them and asked for availability of red Patal Kumhda. When they searched the hot spots by their own expenses and informed them, the traders collected it by sending their own workers. After this incidence they try to keep information about such hot spots secret. I explained the purpose of my ongoing surveys and documentation work. After this explanation they got ready to share information. According to them Kali Haldi, Kalihari, Hadjod, Vakeri and Safed Gunja are among main herbs for which they get regular inquiries. In general these herbs are purchased in little amount but they get very high price for it. The senior Collectors informed that due to over collection and increasing level of competition the existence of many types of orchids is in danger. Among medicinal insects and mites the Herb Collectors named Rani Keeda and Red Ant. Both creatures are collected during specific seasons as per demand.

When incidentally any one consumes toxic wild fruits in order to induce vomiting they use many types of medicinal herbs. Mainphal fruit pulp is popular among them. In case of unavailability they use the roots of medicinal herb Anantmool. Root juice or powder is given internally. In order to get more promising results leaves are also added with it. Many times this combination is given up to long time. Later the Healers of this region confirmed the efficacy of this combination and added that through judicious use of it, any poison of plant origin can be treated successfully. Anatmool roots are in trade from this region, although in limited quantity.

The Herb Collectors of this region are not only aware of anti-allergic properties of different types of Haldi but also they use it as home remedy time to time especially during change of season. Its use protects them from different types of allergies round the year. In cases when these home remedies fail to give the desirable results they use seeds of Kaya tree. Seeds are used in powder form with cow milk. In general they prefer its use under supervision of Traditional Healers. Many senior Collectors claimed that they have used it successfully against exotic allergy causing weed Gajar Ghas. I am in process of confirming their claims. Like other parts of Chhattisgarh this region is also under influence of this exotic weed.

The Collectors of this region prepare special herbal oil for hair related troubles. They use Bahera seed oil as base oil and add twelve types of herbs in it. They want to keep the formulation secret. They claim that it is single oil for all types of common hair troubles. During surveys they showed me the oil and also their strong hairs. When I smelled it I found smell of Neem oil in it. I failed to get clues for other ingredients. The Healers of this region are not aware of this secret formulation but they appreciated its effects. The Collectors have acquired knowledge about it from their ancestors and without modification they are using it for their personal use. Its popularity among them clearly indicates its efficacy. They presented this oil as gift to me.

As usual I showed them pictures of many rare herbs not reported from Chhattisgarh. They took keen interest in it and identified many pictures as local herbs. I am planning to visit forests with them for confirmation.

Keep reading my research articles for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1712&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author.

Traditional Healing Although modern medical practitioners warn in clear words that any type of Kajal is harmful to eyes and its use must be discouraged but aware of its time tested health benefits as beauty article natives of Chhattisgarh still use it in their day to day life. I have written a lot on different types of Kajal prepared and used in different parts of Chhattisgarh and also about its health benefits. During recent surveys I got information on use of special Kajal prepared from Sarson oil from the Senior Natives of Gandai region. They burn Sarson oil and collect the remains for its use as Kajal. It is prepared by using pure Sarson oil as adulteration of Satyanashi seeds or oil is common in this oil. In general the use of this Kajal is considered beneficial for the natives of all age in order to give additional beauty to eyes but the Senior Natives informed that it is useful for all types of eye troubles. It keeps eyes healthy. Kajal is also used for other purposes. They informed that in early days they were using it to dye the cloths. According to them this special cloth protects from hot wind and heat during summer. Now this special cloth has lost its popularity. I have requested them to arrange such cloth for me so that I can wear it during summer to see its effects and to try to explain the science of it. Later the Traditional Healers of this region confirmed this effect and added that this special cloth is beneficial for the patients having different types of skin diseases. The Senior Natives further informed that in combination of Bambri gum they use this Kajal externally to treat common burns. This combination is having miraculous healing properties. Through recent surveys and interactions I collected many interesting information on different aspects of medicinal herbs. I am giving details in present article.

This region has rich population of Khair trees and like the natives of other parts of Chhattisgarh use of Kattha in Paan is common. The Senior Natives are in favor of its use in limited quantities. They informed that over use of Kattha in any form reduces the sexual potential and performance. It is considered more harmful to males than females. In limited amount Kattha is considered beneficial for teeth and troubles associated with it.

In early days when medicinal rice and traditional minor millets were under cultivation in this region the Senior Natives were having rich traditional knowledge about it. Now these crops are not under cultivation. As result the knowledge about it in danger. No one has documented their knowledge and this is the reason they have lost major portion of it. Earlier Kulthi was also under cultivation in this region. Now very few farmers are growing it. They are aware that Kulthi is useful for Renal Calculi and associated troubles and its use is popular in big cities. They Senior Natives in informed that the regular use of Kulthi in form of Daal is having many other advantages also. It is considered as boon for the patients having Migraine. It is also considered beneficial for the patients having eye related troubles. Natives having poor eyesight are specially advised to make this Daal as part of their meals.

Although for treatment of complicated troubles like Sickle Cell Anaemia the Senior Natives take the services of Traditional Healers and Healers in general keep the remedies used as secret but many Senior Natives are aware of medicinal herbs and its therapeutic values especially for these complicated diseases. They informed that medicinal grass Kush is having both religious and medicinal importance. According to them its roots are beneficial in treatment of Sickle Cell Anaemia. It is used in form of concentrated decoction. In general its use is suggested up to three months in any part of the year in order to remain protected from this disease. Later the Healers of this region confirmed it and added that they use other herbs and herbal combinations for main treatment whereas Kush decoction is given in treatment of associated troubles. They further informed that this decoction is also beneficial for Renal Calculi especially at initial stages.

In surrounding forests medicinal herb Kala Dana grows naturally. It is collected for trade by the Herb Collectors. The Senior Natives are aware of its different uses. In general its seeds are used as veterinary medicine. Seeds are applied in powder form on cattle wound full of maggots. Many times it is used in combination with other herbs. It is considered as promising remedy. In order to get more promising effects they add Neem seed powder with it. Later when I discussed this use with the Traditional Healers of other parts of Chhattisgarh treating cancer patients with question that whether it can be used in treatment of cancerous wounds the Healers refused to comment on this but little smile on their face has said every thing. I am trying to get confirmation. The Senior Natives of Gandai region also use these seeds internally in treatment of joint pains specially when it occurs during weather change. Many of them informed that externally they use warm leaves of Fudhar and internally these seeds with cow milk. Fudhar leaves are tied on painful joints. Seeds are also used externally in treatment of skin diseases but as other promising alternatives are available it is used less commonly.

Although the Senior Natives are aware of many herbs useful as blood purifier but they keep the seeds of medicinal tree Koha at top. The seeds are used in limited amount internally along with cow milk. They give emphasis in its judicious use as over dose is considered harmful to memory. Later the Healers of this region confirmed it and disclosed that it is one of the herbs added in herbal combinations used in treatment of early stage of Sickle Cell Anaemia.

This information is valuable and it is matter of satisfaction that the Senior Natives are still using it in their day-to-day life. I am planning to conduct detailed surveys to enlist all the home remedies popular in this region.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1713&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region.

Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing In general when any sharp thorn enters inside skin the natives of Indian state Chhattisgarh try to remove it with the help of needle or needle like twigs. I have mentioned in previous research articles that in many place natives use the freshly collected latex of medicinal weed Fudhar. It is applied on effected and surrounding regions. This application makes skin soft and in this way they get rid from it. The natives have found pulp of medicinal herb Dhikuar equally effective. Besides making skin soft the use of Dhikuar pulp helps in wound healing also. During recent interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region I got new information. According to them the use of Fudhar and Dhikuar is having some limitations. Fudhar latex is known for its corrosive effects and many times it causes irritation in skin whereas Dhikuar is not available commonly. In such cases they suggest the use of commonly available medicinal weed Duddhi. According to them Duddhi latex is very promising and having miraculous healing properties. That it why the Traditional Healers treating cancer patients use it alone and in combination with other herbs in treatment of cancerous wounds- they added. They further informed that we are fortunate that Mother Nature has given us this herb in our surroundings. In many parts of India especially in regions having cold climate it is hard to get this herb. If it grows then it is less useful in terms of medicinal properties. Aware of this fact the Herb Vendors of this region collect it in bulk and travel long distance to supply it to the Healers of far states. In this region many Euphorbia species are known as Duddhi in local language. Through recent interactions and discussions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region I collected many interesting information on different aspects of medicinal herbs and traditional knowledge about it. I am giving details in present article.

During surveys the Herb Vendors showed me another type of Duddhi known as Laika Duddhi in this region. It also grows as wasteland herb. They claimed that it is one of the promising remedies for Hydrocele. Its whole herb is collected and after shade drying converted in to fine powder. This powder is given internally with cow milk up to long time as promising remedy. It is also added in popular herb combinations useful in treatment of this trouble. Many Vendors gave more emphasis on its external use. Externally it is used in form of fine paste. Fresh herb is collected and with the help of cow urine paste is prepared. It is applied externally on affected part and wrapped with Andi or Paan leaf. Later the Healers of this region confirmed both uses. Both uses are done at a time in order to provide relief to the patients. Based on the condition of patients they decide the doses.

If you see any type of Duddhi on the basis of principle of 'Doctrine of Signature' the latex present inside it clearly indicates its possible use in increasing the flow of milk in lactating women. The Herb Vendors of this region confirmed it. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Healers of many regions of Chhattisgarh are aware of use of many Euphorbia species specially Euphorbia hirta for this purpose but as other promising alternatives are available these species are used less commonly. The Herb Vendors of this region informed that they use another type of Duddhi i.e. Euphorbia microphylla for this purpose both in case of cattle and human beings. They disclosed interesting information on this aspect. In case of milch cattle initially freshly collected plants are given to them preferable with Gud. In order to get more promising effects it is given with freshly collected tubers of Patal Kumhda. They are much convinced with its efficacy. In case of lactating women they prefer the use of this combination. Obviously in small doses. In order to get more promising results they suggest the addition of Dashmool roots in powder form. As additional herb seeds of Chandrashoor are added. They are not only using this combination in case of their family members and relatives but also recommending the natives of other states while selling herbs to them. Later when I put this combination among the Healers of this region they confirmed its efficacy but added that if we remove Duddhi or lower its quantity even then the similar effects can be obtained. The Herb Vendors are not convinced with the Healers. They believe that Duddhi plays central role.

Kas-hi or Kashi is well known tree in this region like other parts of Chhattisgarh. The Herb Vendors of this region are aware of different medicinal uses of its plant parts. For the natives having respiratory troubles along with Urticaria and problem of Pathri (Renal Calculi) then they suggest the use of combination prepared by its bark and roots. Initially they keep proportion of bark at higher side in this combination. Gradually the proportion of root is increased. At specific point the patients start getting beneficial effects. The proportion of combination at this specific point is considered suitable for specific patient, then it is given till complete cure and also many times after treatment in order to avoid repetition of the attack of similar problem. This combination is not available as commercial product in market although I found it with many of them, prepared for the rich natives of other states. I tried to get views of many Healers but they were not aware of this use. They showed interest and promised me to try it on their patients. I am waiting for their feedback. In reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India the use Kas-hi bark in form of herbal oil has been mentioned Bark is boiled in base oil and when all watery contents evaporate boiling is stopped and filtered oil is used externally for joint pains. The use of Til oil is mentioned in reference literatures. The Herb Vendors of Gandai region are also aware of this special oil. They are using it in their day today life with slight modification. In place of Til oil they are using Sarson oil. It is common practice to use Til oil for soft oils i.e. Hair oil etc. but when oils for joint pains are prepared Sarson oil is used.

During recent surveys I failed to meet many Herb Vendors as they were out for selling herbs. I am planning to visit the region again in coming rainy days so that I can get enough time to interact with them.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia

Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1714&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing By showing old trees of Sindoori in rice bunds the farmers of Gandai region informed that the shade of this tree is not beneficial to rice crop but as they are aware of its medicinal properties and uses they don't cut it in order to protect rice crop from it. As second crop they grow pulse crops. Sindoori is not considered beneficial for these crops also. Many farmers prune its branches covering the fields in order to avoid shading effect. The senior farmers informed that its shade is beneficial for the traditional pulse crop Kulthi. They are not aware of scientific reason for it but they claimed that they are seeing its promising effects since long time. I am aware that with the help of new science of Allelopathy we can explain the effect of Sindoori on Kulthi. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the natives and Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh are having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about benefits of different tree shades. Farmers of many regions avoid working in fields having Padri tree, as its shade is considered responsible for joint pains. The farmers of Gandai region are also aware of it. They informed that Sindoori shade is beneficial for fieldwork. Rest under its shade, although for few moments, gives new vigor. Later the Traditional Healers of this region confirmed it and added that patients having old problem of rheumatism are suggested to pass as much time as possible in order to get rid from this trouble effectively in less time. It is practiced along with main treatment of rheumatism. During fieldwork when farmers of this region get minor injuries they use weeds growing in surroundings as first aid remedy. But in case of serious injuries they use seeds and roots of this tree. The combination of these parts is applied externally on affected part. It stops bleeding and helps in healing wound. They are in favor of its use in treatment of old wounds specially when all available remedies fail to give the desirable effects. In treatment of loose motion these farmers use its leaf juice internally. They said that by chewing few leaves while work stops loose motions effectively. The use of its roots in treatment of mouth cancer is also known by them. Such patients are suggested to keep its freshly collected root in mouth up to long time. Later the

Healers of this region confirmed it but added that this use requires much care and also before collecting it from old trees one must enrich it with medicinal properties with the help of specific herbal solutions. The farmers are not aware of this Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge. Through recent interactions and discussions with the farmers of Gandai region I have collected many interesting information on different aspects of medicinal herbs. I am giving details in present article.

The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India are full of information regarding different medicinal uses of Aonla fruits and leaves but from the farmers of Gandai region I got information about less known medicinal uses of its flowers. In this region wild population of Aonla is present. Its fruits are collected for trade. The farmers informed that natives having mental troubles are suggested to collect fresh flowers of Aonla and dip it in wooden bowl prepared from Beeja wood. Next day take the leachate internally empty stomach. This use cools the mind and helps them in recovering from such troubles. They give full credit to Aonla flowers and always suggest the use of freshly collected flowers. Fallen flowers are not preferred. The Healers of this region are also aware of this use but they give credit to both flowers and Beeja bowl. These Healers are in favor of its off-season use. They collect fresh flowers and after shade drying convert it in to fine powder and stored for future use. Fresh flowers are given in above-mentioned way whereas dry flowers are given with cow milk round the year. I searched the reference literatures but failed to get any information on this aspect. It seems that this important information is coming among the world community for the first time through this research article. I am feeling proud to document it. In general farmers face no problem in getting Beeja bowl as I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Healers of this region are having expertise in preparation as well as use of different types of wooden glasses having therapeutic values. The farmers further informed that they have seen the Healers applying the herbal solution having Aonla flowers near to base of many medicinal trees. When I asked it to the Healers they refused to comment on it.

Like other parts of Chhattisgarh Bhui-Aonla also grows as weed in Gandai region and farmers are aware of its medicinal uses. The natives having liver related troubles are suggested to eat matured Papita fruits in plenty and during winter collect dew drops from this medicinal weed. According to them the internal use of these dewdrops helps such patients. In general whole herb of Bhui-Aonla is used in both traditional and modern systems of medicine in treatment of liver related troubles but its use in this unique way is new information and needing attention from scientific community. They further informed that bitter root of this medicinal weed is useful for the patients having Leucoderma. The Healers confirmed it and added that instead of its use as single remedy it is used in form of combinations. In these combinations it plays important role and most of the combinations are considered incomplete without it. It shows its importance.

When I shared information on Tree Shade Therapy collected from other parts of Chhattisgarh many senior farmers showed me old trees of Putranjiva roxburghii and informed that their ancestors were considering its shade beneficial for troubles common in old age. This is new information. I am trying to get more information on this aspect.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh.

Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1715&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Like other parts of Chhattisgarh the farmers of Rajnandgaon region are also aware of medicinal rice. In this area earlier medicinal rice types were under cultivation. Today it is hard to locate traditional varieties. The place of low yielding but healthy rice varieties has been taken by new high yielding varieties. Young farmers are adopting chemical farming and they want to grow more and more rice. Organic farming is becoming thing of past. Although medicinal rice types are not under cultivation in this part of Chhattisgarh but the farmers specially senior farmers are still aware of medicinal properties and uses of these rice types. During recent interactions they informed that in early days they were cultivating medicinal rice Udanpakheru. They were using it in treatment of many diseases. Rice water prepared from it is having tonic properties. This is the reason in early days natives recovering from exhaustive diseases were suggested by the Traditional Healers to drink this rice water in plenty till regaining the vitality. Andi is well known herb in this region. Earlier farmers have grown it as oilseed crop but during surveys I found it growing along with road as weed in waste places. The farmers informed that the use of Andi roots with rice water of Udanpakheru rice is beneficial for the patients having any type of internal wound. This combination is considered as sure cure for such trouble. Later the Traditional Healers of this region confirmed it and added that Andi roots failed to give such miraculous effects when used with common rice types. As this medicinal rice is not under cultivation in this region now they are facing problem in this use. This knowledge is in danger as

Traditional Healers have started using alternatives in form of other herbs and herbal combinations. They are aware of uses of another medicinal rice type i.e. Kanthi Banko. Rice water prepared from it is useful in combination with leaves of medicinal weed Bhui-Aonla. The farmers informed that this combination is useful in treatment of stomach related troubles especially in case of ulcers. Later the Healers added that they are using it successfully in many cases of stomach cancer. I feel very fortunate to document this type of information. Farmers grow rice in fields having weeds and aware of use of both crop and weeds for their health. Instead of promoting this unique traditional concept modern planners are introducing modern medicines, full of well-known side effects that are not only harmful to health but also very costly. During recent interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region I collected many interesting information on various aspects of medicinal herbs. I am giving details in present article.

After collecting different types of medicinal weeds at the end of day once I exhausted. Seeing my condition the senior farmers visited to crop fields and brought special herb. They washed it with well water and by crushing whole herb prepared thick paste. This paste was applied on my leg. After drying they replaced it with another layer of paste. Very soon I experienced its miraculous effects. For me they have prepared this paste but in general they simply crush the plant growing in field with their legs up to five minutes after completing fieldwork. It gives great relief to them. They told in lighter mood that after regaining vitality they collect fish from nallah by making special effort and give it to their wives and other family members as surprise gift. Many of them informed that this weed can be used in this way as remedy for their cattle also. Although it grows as weed but its rich population is not present in this region. Later the Healers of this region confirmed the miraculous effects of this weed but added that in order to get more promising results one must use its roots in form of paste. They also informed that whole herb is added as main ingredient in many herbal oils used for hair care. I identified this weed as Tragia involucrata. Many Healers use it internally also as remedy for pain alone and in combination with other herbs.

In early days Kakun millet was under cultivation in this region. The senior farmers informed that cooked grains of this millet are having many health benefits. It is considered beneficial for heart troubles. Many farmers informed that in early days natives were serving it as royal food to newly wed couple considering it as promising sex tonic. The Healers of this region are also aware of these properties but they added that it is curse for the natives having problem of Pathri (Renal Calculi) and associated troubles. They must avoid its use in any form. In reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India much has been written on its medicinal properties. Although this traditional knowledge is not in use in this part of Chhattisgarh as Kakun is not under cultivation but in many parts of world it is still under cultivation. This knowledge

can help the natives of these parts to get its health advantages.

As traditional vegetable the use of Kheksi fruits is popular among the natives of Chhattisgarh. It is grown in Badi and fields by the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. They consider it as very promising appetizer. They prepare its curry by adopting different methods and by adding different types of spices. They believe that its regular use removes all types of toxins from body and helps in purification of blood. Beside fruits they are also aware of medicinal uses of its leaves. Internal use of its leaves in any form even in form of curry along with fruits is considered beneficial for the patients having old problem of Leucoderma. The Healers of this region use leaves in form of juice in pain management. Leaves are considered beneficial for Piles also.

I have requested the farmers to memorize all information about traditional rice types especially medicinal rice as I am trying to conduct special survey in order to get detailed information and also to collect the seeds of available rice types.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Ecoport Articles related to Rajnandgaon region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants

Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1723&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Like the farmers of other parts of Chhattisgarh the farmers of Bilaspur region also starts their day with the use of Dataun. They use varieties of Dataun but during rainy season they never miss to use the Dataun of medicinal weed Chirchita. Roots of this herb are used as Dataun. They chew it up to long time and swallow the juice. Finally brush is prepared to use it to clean teeth. While

preparing brush they take long walk to empty fields near water source specially nallah. This morning walk results in movement inside stomach and they get clear motion. You will never find the problem of constipation in natives living in rural and forest areas having habit of morning walk and use of Dataun. It is disease of modern natives living in Metros. During recent interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region they informed about many benefits of using Chirchita roots as Dataun but they are much impressed by the freshness they get after using it. It lasts whole day. The senior farmers informed that the natives having dental and mouth related troubles are advised to use this Dataun in rainy season along with tooth powder prepared from underground parts of Ama Haldi. They believe that this combination is very useful. Later the Traditional Healers of this region confirmed it and added that in areas where Chirchita grows as weed round the year it can be used throughout year along with Ama Haldi. During surveys I tried it on myself and experienced its beneficial effects. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh use Kheer prepared from seeds of Chirchita herb as appetite suppressant dish. This Kheer is considered beneficial for many diseases. The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine are also full of information about it but I have noted that the natives and Healers of Chhattisgarh are having additional information. When I shared this information with the farmers of Bilaspur region they thanked me and in return informed me that from their ancestors they have heard that this Kheer is boon for the patients having Piles. It acts as single remedy in early stage whereas at advanced stages it is given in combination with other herbs. I am trying to get opinion of Traditional Healers on this aspect. Through recent interactions and discussions with the farmers of Bilaspur region I have collected many interesting information like this. I am giving details in present article.

In name of commercial cultivation of medicinal and aromatic crops the farmers of this region have been cheated in past few years. Certain agencies supplied planting material of different crops with assurance that they will buy back the produce. Farmers raised over 10 types of crops in large areas and like other buy back schemes in the field of medicinal and aromatic crops at the time of harvest the agencies refused to purchase the produces. Now farmers are demanding for legal action. Local newspapers exposed it but still farmers are in trouble. During surveys I tried to get the list of crop produces from them with hope to provide good market to them through by contacts. But the result was not encouraging as most of the farmers used poor quality planting material and also adopted chemical farming methods as per instruction of agencies. Now buyers at national market are hesitating to give good prices for poor quality produce.

Untkatara, a medicinal weed, also grows in this region but the farmers of this region know it by different names. In general they put all the waste plants in the category of Van Kachra. Many farmers named it as Kanta Van. In general it grows in bund and wasteland. It is not problematic for them as it is not a field weed. They are aware of its medicinal uses. Although all parts are

considered useful but as veterinary medicine they prefer use of its seeds. I have mentioned in previous research articles about the common problem cattle of Chhattisgarh face when they consume the spittlebug along with grassy weeds. The affected cattle refuse to eat or drink any thing up to two and half day. In Durg region this trouble is known as 'Adhia' locally. There is no cure for this trouble according to the natives of Durg region but the farmers of Bilaspur region informed that they use seeds of Untkatara in such situation. Seeds are given forcefully with Gud and in many cases after few hours after this feeding cattle start recovering from this trouble. It is not effective in every case. This is very important information. Now I am planning to inform the natives of Durg region about this unique knowledge that is in practice by the farmers of same state. Untkatara is well known herb in Durg region also. Untkatara seeds are in use for human ailments also by the farmers of Bilaspur region. When anyone consumes poisonous herbs as first aid they give powdered seeds of this herb. For this emergency use they collect seeds every year and keep it with them. The Healers of this region are also aware of this use but in general they suggest natives to approach to them without any delay. The farmers further informed that seeds are useful for liver related troubles especially in case of Jaundice.

Many farmers of this region aware of health benefits of Ama Haldi prepare pickles from it. This pickle is consumed for taste but it is specially considered useful for the patients having Urticaria along with problem of Pathri (Renal Calculi). It is used both as preventive as well as curative.

The senior farmers informed during discussion of traditional cultivation method of Sugarcane that color of its shoot indicates the medicinal properties of it. For the patients or its use as medicine Sugarcane having black shoot is preferred. They blamed that modern varieties are having shoot of different colors. Such varieties are not suitable for use as medicine. I was not expecting this information from the farmers. Later I tried to confirm it through the Healers of this region. They were also surprised with this keen observation. Most of them were not aware of it. After coming back I searched this information in reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India especially in Ayurveda. These literatures mention about Sugarcane having different shoot color but don't differentiate it on the basis of medicinal properties. I am trying to get the comments of Healers of other regions on this unique observation.

As rare observation I noted during surveys that young farmers of this region are also aware of medicinal uses of herbs present in surroundings as weed. They are keen to learn from their seniors. Many of these young farmers want to make the business of Agriculture profitable in real sense. Such enthusiastic farmers are always soft targets from agencies engaged in promotion of new crops with big dreams. I always suggest young farmers to work in group when they start any new business as it is hard to cheat a group than individual. I am in process of publishing the

cheatings done with these farmers in form of {{Hindi}g} articles in different farm magazines so that farmers of other parts of India can keep distance with such agencies.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Ecoport Articles related to Bilaspur region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional

Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1724&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Although Kodo millet is still under cultivation in different parts of Chhattisgarh but in early days it was one of the main crops in this tribal belt. Introduction of new cropping systems, crops and improved varieties have changed the scenario. Although the reference literatures related to Agriculture claim that Kodo possess narcotic properties and it is more harmful to cattle than human beings but in all parts of Chhattisgarh specially in Bastar region the natives as well as Traditional Healers are aware of its beneficial effects on health. Its cooked grains are used as food. They are also aware of its medicinal properties and uses. I have documented traditional medicinal knowledge about it through my research articles but still major part of this knowledge is in undocumented form. The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India also mention its miraculous medicinal properties and uses. The natives and Healers are aware that Kodo is harmful to cattle. They have information about many types of remedies useful to treat affected cattle. During recent interactions with farmers of Bastar region I got new information on use of Kodo herb. The senior farmers of this region informed that Kodo herb collected before reproductive stage possess valuable medicinal properties. In early days they have seen its use in treatment of old wound specially when all available remedies fail to give the desirable effects. Freshly extracted whole herb juice is given internally to the patients and also

this juice is used to wash wound. They claimed that both internal as well as external uses at a time cure the patients effectively in most of the cases. Later the Traditional Healers of this region confirmed it and added that they prefer external use for many reasons. According to them for internal use much care is required as over dose may take lives of patients. They use other safe alternatives for it. Like farmers they emphasized on use of vigorously growing Kodo plants must be used collected from fields where complete organic farming is in practice. Many senior farmers informed that dry leaves and roots of Kodo are useful in treatment of liver related troubles. It also stops all types of internal bleeding. Through recent interactions and discussions with the farmers of Bastar region I collected much information on different aspects of medicinal herbs. I am giving details in present article.

Like Kodo the farmers of this region are aware of Kutki crop. In general natives recovering from exhaustive diseases are suggested to consume Kutki grains as meal as it is considered as cheap as well as effective tonic. It is also a promising nervine tonic. During surveys they showed me a native having 'Kampan Rog' and claimed that he is getting much benefit by consuming Kutki as meal. In technical term this disease is known as Parkinson's disease. Later when I asked about it with the Healers of Bastar region they confirmed its use in this disease but added that it is used as supplement treatment along with main treatment of this disease. I have mentioned in previous research articles that as main treatment in general they use Kevatch based formulations. The use of Kutki in treatment of Parkinson's disease was new information and I feel that attention from scientific community is needed in order to provide recognition to this traditional knowledge. I am in process of getting comments of healers and natives of other parts of Chhattisgarh.

When we started discussion on herbs useful in treatment of bone fracture we discussed a lot on herbs growing in calcium rich soil and having higher content of calcium in it. Weeds growing in surroundings were also in list of these herbs. I got new information during this interaction. The senior farmers showed me grains of traditional minor millet and informed that use of cooked grain of this millet helps in faster reunion of bones. Later I found information about this use in reference literatures also. It is good to observe that the farmers are not only aware of this medicinal use but also using it in their day today life. The Healers of this region also confirmed it and added that the patients having problem of Pathri (Renal Calculi) are not allowed to consume it. They further informed that for such patients they suggest its use, if necessary, with Kulthi Dal. I identified this millet as Kora or Kakun.

Although our Agriculture colleges are still teaching new students about Sawa as problematic weed but the Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh consider it as medicinal herb and in early days farmers were cultivating it as crop. The farmers of Bastar region are still aware of its medicinal uses. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the use of Kodo in form of meals results in constipation. In order to avoid this problem, the farmers suggested addition of Sawa grains, as these grains are remedy for constipation. I am aware this information is of great value for the modern patients having Diabetes as experts suggest them to prefer use of Kodo in form of meals at least once in a day. When it results in constipation the experts fail to suggest any solution.

Famous minor millet Ragi is also known in this region. The senior farmers consider the use of its cooked grains as promising meal for the natives having mild stages of Sickle Cell Anaemia. When I asked about the base of this information they replied in simple words that they are listening this medicinal use from their ancestors generation by generation. Many of them claimed that they have seen its miraculous effects also. The Healers of this region confirmed this traditional use and suggested its use as supplement treatment even in serious cases of this disease. They added that it is also useful for liver related troubles.

During surveys I visited to area well known for best fertile soil in the region. It is in {{Lohandiguda}e} region. I observed traditional ways of farming and learnt much from the farmers. Farmers were not happy as they use to. They have reason for it. The authorities have granted this area for establishment of new industrial unit. Now farmers have to move away from this traditional land. There is no way for them although protests are on. The environmentalists are aware that establishment of such units in this high fertile land will not only cause damage to Mother Nature in selected area but also in surrounding areas. In state we have much wasteland. It is really surprising that why highly fertile lands are chosen for such purposes.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region.

Ecoport Articles related to Bastar region. Ecoport Pictures related to Bastar region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1725&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract

This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing During field visit with the farmers of Raipur region we shared much information regarding medicinal uses of herbs present in our surroundings as weeds. The senior farmers showed me a grassy weed named Makra and informed that their cattle consume it in form of Kandi with much taste. Its use not only increases flow of milk in milch cattle but also develops natural resistance. In region where this weed grows in less population or when in the years of drought or poor rainfall this weed grows in less number, one can see its direct impact on health of cattle. Although cattle consume it at all stages but it is preferred at vegetative stage. This weed grows in fields as well as in bunds and wasteland. Although the reference literatures of weed science declare it as problematic weed and research papers on weed-crop competition in rice crop indicate that it is strong competitor of crop but in fact common farmers consider it poor competitor. This is the reason while manual weeding it is allowed to grow in fields. For cattle they collect it from bunds and wasteland. Many farmers are much worried about spread of Sole weed in bund. They have seen that Sole is having capacity to smother the growth of many grassy weeds including Makra. They have also seen smothering effect of Gajar Ghas on this weed. The senior farmers of Raipur region are aware of its medicinal uses for human beings also. For pain in Kidney region they suggest the affected natives to extract whole herb juice of this weed and drink as remedy. It is used along with main treatment of Renal Calculi also for the same purpose. Later the Traditional Healers of this region confirmed it and added that its roots are added in different herbal combinations. I have mentioned in previous research articles that by observing growth pattern of certain weeds before monsoon farmers make forecast. According to the farmers of Raipur region Makra is one of these weeds used for this purpose. Through recent interactions and discussions with the farmers of Raipur region I have collected many interesting information like this. I am giving details in present article.

It is not wrong to say that the farmers of Raipur region have paid biggest cost in the name of industrial development in state capital. The local newspapers daily publish news about increasing pollution level in this region and its direct impact on agricultural production. Very recently Raipur has been declared as world's most polluted cities. This increasing level of pollution is now forcing farmers to leave this traditional farming and after selling their lands for new development start other business. As mentioned in previous research articles rural youths are not ready to stay more in villages. They are migrating towards big cities. Many farmers are working in their own lands as farm workers as they have sold it by seeing its high rates. Although near capital, forests are not present and hence this pollution is not posing great threat to medicinal herbs but as wasteland herbs hundreds of species of herbs are present. The natives are aware of traditional medicinal uses of these herbs from time immemorial. These herbs are protecting them

from different diseases. They are using it in form of curry, traditional dishes, health drink etc. Now due to industrial pollution most of these herbs are not safe for consumption. These healthy herbs are becoming toxic. The farmers of this region are much worried about it. They are aware of medicinal uses of weeds like Doobi but seeing its condition in terms of medicinal potential they are hesitating to use it. I have mentioned in previous research articles that Doobi is used in form of medicine in treatment of over 55 diseases. During recent interaction I got information about its new use. The farmers informed that its roots are useful in treatment of Ulcerative Colitis. Although they are not aware of this medical term but after discussion with them and also with Traditional healers I identified the disease described by them as Ulcerative Colitis.

In general Amli plant parts specially pods and leaves are considered harmful to blood related troubles and while taking Ayurveda treatment the patients are strictly advised to avoid the use of Khatai in any form but senior farmers of Raipur region informed that Amli root possess medicinal properties to clean impure blood, even the harms caused by use of leaves and pods can be cured with the judicious use of roots. They are seeing its use as medicine in treatment of mild stage of Sickle Cell Anaemia. This was new information for me. Later the Healers of this region confirmed it and showed surprise on the knowledge of common farmers. Old Amli trees are present in the region and due to stories and myths saying that ghosts and evil spirits live in these trees the natives avoid cutting down it. In Modern Township as well as in industrial belts it is not planted instead of knowing its many beneficial effects on soil as well as environment. Amli is lucky as Mother Nature is helping it in its spread without any support of human beings.

Earlier farmers of Raipur region were uprooting winter weed Bathua from their crop fields for its utilization as curry and also to clean the fields. As awareness about its medicinal uses especially in treatment of liver related troubles now is increasing its demand is also increasing in both rural and urban regions. During winter you can easily find this potherb in vegetable market. This demand has motivated many farmers to cultivate this so-called weed as main crop. Once Bahtua was weeded out from crop fields and now its other herb friends are facing same problem when they grow in Bathua field. The farmers of this region confirmed that the use of Bathua in any form helps the patients having Leucoderma. For this trouble they are also aware of use of Urd Dal. It is used externally. They informed that the use of seeds in form of paste externally on white spots helps in early removal specially when used at initial stages. This was interesting information. Later the Healers confirmed it and added that Urd must be from organic fields in order to get real effects.

It is not wrong to say that I have met the farmers of Raipur region more times than the farmers of other regions and collected much information from them but still every new survey results in

new information. The above-mentioned information is valuable. It encourages me to continue such surveys at frequent intervals in order to get new information.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Ecoport Articles related to Raipur region. Ecoport pictures related to Raipur region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa

Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1726&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing When during recent surveys I started collecting information on different types of sedges and traditional medicinal knowledge about it in different parts of Chhattisgarh I got many interesting as well as new information. Motha is most common sedge we are aware of. The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India specially Ayurveda and Unani are full of information about medicinal properties and uses of this herb. I have also written a lot on its different aspects including Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge about it. During recent surveys

the Traditional Healers of Southern Chhattisgarh informed about new use of this herb. I have mentioned in previous research articles that in case of toothache the natives and Traditional Healers of many parts of Chhattisgarh burn seeds of medicinal weed Bhatkatiya and direct the flow of fumes towards painful teeth. The Healers of Southern Chhattisgarh added new information in this traditional use. According to them if seeds are burnt with tubers of Motha this addition increases the effectiveness of Bhatkatiya seeds. They added that in many cases the seed fumes cause respiratory troubles especially in case of sensitive patients. The use of Motha tubers reduces the chance of such troubles. Also during burning it produces sweet smell. As both herbs grow as weeds in surroundings this combination can be used successfully without any problem. Later when I shared this information with the Healers of Kanker region they thanked me and showed ignorance toward this use. They listen it carefully and assured me to try it on their patients. The senior Healers of Durg region informed about similar type of use. These Healers are aware of use of Blumea leaves in treatment of respiratory troubles. They burn leaves and patients are suggested to inhale the fumes. It acts as both preventive and curative to such troubles. Leaves are used with other herbs in different forms. Its use in form of Herbal Cigarette is one of these forms. If you have ever touched the leaves of Blumea you are aware of its very sharp smell. Many times the smell of green leaves makes us uneasy, although for few seconds. The Healers of Durg region add the tubers of Motha while burning Blumea leaves in order to reduce the bad effects of its fumes. Although many species of Cyperus are available in surroundings but use of Motha is preferred. Different Healers are having different opinions. Many said that it is available round the year whereas many said that it is easily available but all of them are unanimous about its promising effects with Blumea leaves. Through recent surveys I collected many interesting information like these about different species of Cyperus. I am giving details in present article.

When many religious natives fail to keep control over sexual desire with the help of their mind they take support of medicinal herbs and herbal combinations. Although many alternatives are available in form of herbs and herbal combinations but its judicious use is required. The natives hesitate to take the services of Traditional Healers. The Healers are also not in favor of suppression of desire. They are also aware that use of most of the herbs and herbal combinations results in termination of desire forever. It is one-way process. In rare cases after using these remedies when such natives want to come back to normal condition they fail to achieve it. It resulted in awkward situations for the Healers many times. This is reason that its use is avoided. I have mentioned in previous research articles that in order to avoid painful castration in cattle the natives use the herb Bramhadandi carefully. The Healers of Bagbahera region informed during recent surveys that this herb is beneficial for the human beings also. But as other remedies its use also results in permanent loss of desire. When I discussed it with the Healers of Bilaspur region many of them informed that this suppression by Bramhadandi can be treated with the help of medicinal herb Cyperus esculentus. As antidote, juice of its freshly collected tuber is given

internally to the patients. The use is continued till complete cure. Based on the condition of the patients specially the will power of patients this treatment takes one to ten months. Much patience is required during its use. The patients having respiratory troubles are not treated with this tuber as its regular use results in aggravation of troubles. This was new information for me. Although I have not seen its practical uses but the level of confidence in the Healers while informing about it, was enough to prove its success. I am planning to share this information with the Healers of other regions of Chhattisgarh.

During recent visits to meet the Healers having expertise in treatment of heart related troubles I observed the use of another Cyperus species i.e. {{Cyperus stoloniferus}e}. When these Healers give herbal glasses prepared from Koha wood to the patients with instruction to fill it with well water at night and drink leachate empty stomach daily morning the patients at advanced stages are given pieces of tubers of this herb. They are advised to dip these pieces in glass when filling it with water and use leachate in same way next morning. Based on the condition and vitality of patients pieces of different sizes are given. The Healers informed that addition of this tuber helps in increasing the performance of Koha leachate. Its addition is not required in new patients. At advanced stages it acts in miraculous ways. This was also new information for me. Like Koha trees they also treat this herb with different solutions before collection in order to make it rich in medicinal properties.

The Healers of Ambikapur region suggested me to study pigs carefully up to long time if you want to understand the medicinal properties of Cyperus species. Pigs are fond of underground parts of these species. The Healers claimed that pigs are aware of its medicinal uses also. According to them the health of pig in rural areas feeding on these herb parts is far better than the health of pig living in urban areas and feeding on city waste. I have yet not observed it carefully but assured them to take observations in future.

Most of the above mentioned traditional uses have yet not been documented and through this article these are coming among world community for the first time. While taking pictures of different Cyperus species in Chhattisgarh I found it difficult to identify many species. If I am not wrong then many species are still waiting for nomenclature by scientific community. The Healers have nothing to do with this nomenclature. They identify it with the help of local names and many are used without knowing its names. Since generation they are getting information about its identification and use. This is one of the reasons why I consider their system of learning herbs easier than our complex systems.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe

Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article.

Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1727&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Broadly the Herb Vendors of Indian state Chhattisgarh can be divided in two groups. Herb Vendors of both groups collect rare herbs but one group supply it to the rich natives and other supply it to Traditional Healers. Herb Vendors of first group are considered cleverer and in general Herb Vendors of second group are simple in nature and hesitate to approach to rich natives although they are aware of high returns. One type of herb I found with Herb Vendors of both groups and this type is medicinal sedge. They keep tubers of different sedges especially of

Cyperus rotundus. Most of them show more interest in its selling and less interest about informing its different uses and target buyers of it. During recent surveys the Herb Vendors of first group disclosed that when they supply rare types of Orchids to rich natives they give tubers of this herb as bonus. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the rich natives consider different types of orchids as sign of good luck and they keep it in their treasures with hope that its presence will increase the wealth. The Herb Vendors are aware of this faith and this is the reason they supply different types of Orchids time to time. The Herb Vendors informed that rich natives are suggested to put a piece of tuber with orchids in treasure for many reasons. Its smell repels the insects and also protects dead orchids from fungus. Secondly its mild smell gives soothing effects whenever rich natives open treasure. Although they told all these without any problem but this information raised many questions inside me. There are many herbs having more powerful effects than Cyperus tuber. Bach is among these herbs. Then why its use is not suggested. I have mentioned in previous articles that the natives of different parts of Chhattisgarh use Bach in this way in order to protect grains as well as cloths from insects. Also its smell last longer than that of Cyperus tuber. After little hesitation many of them informed that Bach is herb related to Tantra activities and hence it is used only by experts specially with orchids. I asked about over 16 herbs and in return they explained the reason of its rejection one by one. I was surprised to know the depth of their knowledge. They further informed that although Cyperus rotundus locally known as Motha or Gondla grows in many places but they prefer the herb growing near marshy place for the collection of tuber. Tubers are collected once at the last of rainy season because at this stage these are rich in smell. For the use of tubers as medicine these are collected little earlier and many times at mid winter. While mentioning this use I used the word Bonus because these Herb Vendors charge nothing for it. Through recent interactions and discussion with the Herb Vendors of different parts of Chhattisgarh I collected many interesting information on different aspects of medicinal sedges. I am giving details in present article.

With the Herb Vendors of Bastar region I found tubers of another species of Cyperus. I identified it as Cyperus scariosus. These Herb Vendors supply it to the Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains and Northern Chhattisgarh. It was surprising information for me as this herb is present throughout Chhattisgarh as wasteland weed without any problem and I have written much on its different aspects specially its use by the Healers of different regions. Then why these Herb Vendors are supplying it to Healers of other regions as rare herb? They replied that tubers collected from Bastar region are considered richer in medicinal properties and especially the Healers having expertise in treatment of mental troubles purchase it from them. Later when I compared the tubers collected from them and tubers present in my home of same species I found these tuber little larger. The Herb Vendors are aware of its use. It is used by the Healers both internally as well as externally. I have mentioned in previous research articles that Bach rhizomes are used both internally as well as externally in treatment of mental troubles. The tubers of this medicinal sedge are added with Bach in order to increase its efficacy during

internal use. Based on the condition of the patients they add it in different proportion but always the proportion of Bach is kept at higher side. As external use with Bach these tubers are used in form of Herbal Mala. After four pieces of Bach one piece of tuber is placed in Mala and patients having Epilepsy are advised to wear it as supplement treatment along with main treatment. The Herb Vendors sell the tubers and Mala is prepared by the Healers. Taking advantage of this secret knowledge many Herb Vendors prepare Mala using both herbs and sell it to the Healers of neighboring states mainly Orissa at fair prices.

The Herb Vendors of Durg region are also aware of uses of this medicinal sedge. The natives having mouth related more specifically gum related troubles are advised to put tuber piece of this herb inside mouth specially after eating some thing. They claimed that it kills germs and keeps control over its spread. Later when I asked about it with the Healers of this region they confirmed it but added its long-term use is not suggested. The Ayurveda practitioners of this region later expressed possibilities of using this herb with Mulethi for mouth as well as throat related troubles. This combination is not mentioned in reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India.

The Herb Vendors of Kanker region supplying medicinal Sedge Cyperus longus to specific Traditional Healers informed that the Healers add this tuber in secret formulations used to treat old wounds. They have also seen its use in treatment of cancerous wound. According to them it is used in form of decoction. When I approached to Healers of this region they refused to give any information on this aspect. As traditional knowledge researcher I am aware of importance of information given by Herb Vendors. I have documented it in original form and now waiting for the comments of Healers of other regions.

The Herb Vendors of Bilaspur region sell herb named Nirbisi. I identified it as medicinal sedge Kyllinga monocephala. Although they sell its roots in dry form to the Healers but they are aware of its use in fresh form. They informed that the juice of freshly collected roots is beneficial for the patients having old fever. It is used as last hope when all other remedies fail to give the desired effects. Later the Healers of this region confirmed it but added that it is not used in all types of fever blindly. Rather they prefer to know the reason responsible for old fever before its use.

It was good to observe that while informing about medicinal uses of different herbs most of Herb Vendors demonstrated its efficacy on themselves as well as on their family members and friends. It shows their faith and confidence on traditional medicinal knowledge. It also assures that future

of this knowledge is safe with them.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health

care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1728&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Like the Traditional Healers of other parts of Chhattisgarh the Healers of Bagbahera region are also aware of medicinal herbs and herbal combinations helpful in sexual performance of both man and woman. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh suggest the use of roots of Black Kevatch in unique way in order to increase the

time of intercourse in case of man. They collect roots on specific time and date and also treat it with different herbal solutions in order to enrich as well as activate its medicinal contents. Even after collection of roots before use roots are dipped in herbal solution for one night and next day given to the users. The users are instructed to keep root pieces inside mouth in way so that its juice can reach in stomach at frequent intervals. It is really effective. Its popularity among the users as well as Traditional Healers confirms it. But the Healers are not in favor of its long-term and this is the reason it is given to patients having this specific problem as medicine. During recent interactions with the Healers of Bagbahera region I got additional information on this aspect. They showed me Tubers of medicinal sedge. I identified it as Cyperus esculentus. They informed that the use of Kevatch roots in this way results in many types of problem in users. It upsets the stomach and also develops bad taste in mouth. Such users are advised to keep this tuber inside mouth two hours before and after of its use. Many senior Healers informed that in over sensitive users even the use of this tuber increases the efficacy during performance. Like Kevatch they treat this medicinal sedge also for enriching it with medicinal properties. During surveys I got opportunity to meet and interact with the patients using this combination. After initial hesitation they informed about its miraculous effects in detail. I searched the reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India for information about this combination but failed to get any information. This medicinal sedge grows as wasteland weed in this region and besides its use for this purpose the Healers use in it treatment of other diseases also. This knowledge is limited to very few Healers and they are confident that without their secret solutions no one can get real benefit of its roots. They have yet not shared much information with me also. During recent interactions and discussions with the Healers of Chhattisgarh having information on less known uses of medicinal sedges I collected many interesting information like this. I am giving details in present article.

In reference literatures it is mentioned that medicinal sedge named Kesur can be used as substitute of Cyperus esculentus as medicine. When I asked it to the Healers of different regions they gave different replies. The Healers of Raipur region informed that they prefer the use of Cyperus whereas the Healers of Dhamtari region informed that Cyperus is far better than Kesur in terms of medicinal properties as well as uses. The Healers of Kanker region consider both herbs entirely different in medicinal properties. They add it in same herbal combinations for different purposes. Getting so much different comments I feel that there is need to correct information given in reference literatures. Such misleading information in reference literatures helps herb traders to supply wrong herbs to drug companies. They use such reference in order to justify their malpractices.

During interactions I got less known information about medicinal use of Kesur sedge. The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains informed that in general this sedge specially its root is having

capacity to protect human body from all types of infection. This is the reason in all cases the Healers prefer to start treatment with this herb. They claimed that in many cases patients get relief by simple use of this herb. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Healers having expertise in treatment of different types of cancer and also AIDS use this herb in unique ways. Through recent surveys I got information on over 150 herbal combinations in which this herb is used as important ingredient. The Healers of Dhamtari region informed that they have found it useful in treatment of patients having liver related troubles with Leucoderma. It is used as internal remedy.

The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains use another medicinal sedge Chuhka in unique way. In Churnaha soil they grow this sedge and collect it at the time it reaches to reproductive stage. They claimed that this sedge is having capacity to absorb special nutrients from this type of soil. In general this soil is considered as problematic soil by the soil experts. This type of soil is also not considered good for cultivation. Weeds grow in large number in such soil as in other soils. Chuhka is among these weeds. Farmers raise different crops including rice in this soil. Although the Healers are unable to explain the exact mechanism of absorption but as traditional practice they are using it sincerely without any modification. Chuhka collected from such soil is used for specific purpose. They add it in herbal combination used to increase vitality. This combination is given to patients having poor resistance power due to exhaustive diseases or other reasons. This combination is considered incomplete without this herb. Chuhka is used for other purposes also but for other uses there is no specific restriction regarding its collection place. This was new as well as interesting information.

While using Chuhka for patients having poor utility the Healers also use special oil externally. This oil is massaged on patient's body and they are advised to sit in light of morning sun. They use tubers of Cyperus longus, another medicinal sedge, as main ingredient for preparation of oil. Freshly collected tubers and other herbs are added in Sarson oil and combination is kept in sunlight up to forty days. After this duration it is given for use. This oil is not available as commercial product in market and Healers prepare it as per need for the patients in limited amount.

Seeing the quantum of information and diversity of different medicinal sedges I feel that there is need to establish separate institution named Indian/International Institute for research on Medicinal Sedges. (IIRMS). I am sure that team of dedicated researchers can list out all the species as well as traditional uses in few decades. This information will be of great help for the patients around the world and also for the researchers working on medicinal herbs having potential to provide them relief.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Related References

Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1745&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing

Although the reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India are full of information regarding medicinal properties and uses of different parts of ornamental tree Champa but during recent surveys in different parts of Indian state Chhattisgarh I collected information on special oils in which Champa plant parts are used as main ingredients along with other herbs. By adding or deleting other herbs in it the Traditional Healers use these oils both internally as well as externally in treatment of common and complicated diseases. I am giving details in present article.

For patients having old problem of Migraine the Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains prepare special herbal oil from Champa flowers. Young flowers are selected as main ingredient. As other ingredient they add flowers of indigenous Rose, Chameli and Aparajita. All other ingredients are mixed in equal proportion. Based on condition of patients the Healers add Champa flower in different quantity. All flowers are mixed and combination is dipped in base oil. As base oil Til oil is used. This combination is kept in sunlight up to 60 to 70 days. After this duration special oil is filtered and kept for future use. When patients approach to the Healers instead of giving this oil to them they prefer to massage it through their own hands. Many of them informed that massage plays important role in treatment. In general they massage it up to five minutes. The patients are instructed to visit again in three days. Meanwhile they give internal remedies. According to them this oil can be used both in normal time as well as during time of attack. Many young Healers prefer short cut method of its preparation. They simply boil the combination in Til oil and when all watery contents evaporate oil is filtered and used for the same purpose. Although they are aware that it is less in effects but ignoring it they are using it on their patients. This oil is not available as commercial product in market. The senior Healers of this region informed that all ingredients play specific role in this combination.

When I shared information about this oil with the Healers of Kanker region many of them confirmed its efficacy. They have tried this oil purchased from the Herb Vendors of Raipur region. They added that the external application of this oil is beneficial for hair also. One can add the flowers of Bhengra and Kela in it in order to increase its performance. It was new information for me. Many senior Healers commented that instead of collecting flowers from Champa plant one must collect fallen flowers in order to get more promising results. They further informed that the aqueous extract of Jangli Haldi is beneficial for this plant. Regular treatment of Champa plants with this extract enriches its plant parts specially flowers with medicinal properties. They also use the herbs growing in surroundings of Jangli Haldi especially in Sal forest for the same purpose. It was new information related to Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Healers of Chhattisgarh irrigate many plants like Fudhar with common type of Haldi and water of Santhi rice in order to enrich it with special medicinal properties. Different types of Haldi are used to enrich varieties of herbs for the same purpose. These types are used both human beings and plants in case of wound healing.

The Healers of Gandai region prepare special oil in which Champa flowers are used as main ingredient. As other herbs Dhawai and Sagon flowers are added in it. This oil is prepared in same

way but in place of Til oil, Sarson oil is used. This special soil is used for the patients having poor vitality. It is massaged gently on sole and palm of patients. The Healers perform this job. In general they keep the ratio of flowers secret but many Healers informed that it is added in 2:1:1 ratio and always the proportion of Champa flowers is kept at higher side. Its presence is useful for patients having the problem of vertigo. This oil is not considered useful for all the patients. The Healers decide after examine the patients. During winter its use is avoided. In general they prepare it once in bulk for round the year use. They also treat Champa with different solutions but don't inform about it to any one. Few of them about informed about special Mantras also.

For skin troubles when Champa based oil is used by the Healers of Bagbahera region they add flowers of Parsa, Fudhar, Ekdandi and Bemchi in it as other ingredients. This oil is considered useful for common skin troubles. I have found it useful in treatment of Ringworm but as other promising alternatives are available it is less popular among the Healers. It is used in rare cases. The Healers of {{Pithora}e} region prefer to know the cause of skin disease and based on it select different remedies. Skin diseases in patients having respiratory troubles with poor resistance power, are preferred for the use of this oil. The Healers of Bastar region add over 16 types of wild flowers with Champa flowers in order to prepare special oil useful in treatment of Leucoderma. This oil is used both internally as well as externally. In this oil Champa and Keu flowers are added as main ingredients. After applying this oil patients are advised to sit in sunlight for some time. They claimed that at initial stages it acts in promising ways but at later stages especially with liver related troubles they add Champa roots and fruits in it in order to increase its efficacy. The use of fruits is preferred.

In previous research articles I have written a lot on different aspects of Champa but it seems that much of knowledge about it is still in undocumented form. During recent surveys many Healers informed that insects feeding on different parts of Champa are also used as medicine. I have seen few types of caterpillars in my home garden on Champa. These polyphagus insects are common in other parts of Chhattisgarh also. I am eager to learn this knowledge from them.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives

Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1746&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Although reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India write more about Seetaphal and less about Ramphal but the natives as well as Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh are aware of hundreds of uses of both herbs. They use Seetaphal plant parts to increase the performance of Ramphal plant parts and vice-versa. Also many times both are used to nullify each other's harmful effects. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the farmers engaged in organic faming of medicinal and aromatic crops use Seetaphal plant parts specially leaves as promising tool. In form of extract diluted with water it is sprayed on medicinal crops like Kevatch and Kasturi Bhindi. This treatment protects the crops from insects. Many times when weather conditions are favorable for insects and obviously unfavorable for farmers then alone Seetaphal leaves fail to give the desired effects. Many farmers add other herbs like Datura and Fudhar but they have found in their experiments that these options are not useful for every crop. Addition of Datura and Fudhar manage the insects but many times affect growth of main crops. The farmers of Southern Chhattisgarh prefer use of Ramphal leaves in place of these

options and most of the times they get success in management of insects without damaging main crops. Cultivation of medicinal and aromatic crops is recent development. They are using this combination since time immemorial on their traditional crops like Rice and Kodo. The farmers of Bastar region use Ramphal leaves with Karra for the same purpose. In general farmers engaged in organic farming are suggested by experts to plant Seetaphal plants in periphery of fields as guard crop. The name of Ramphal is not present in their recommendation. But the farmers of many regions consider it equally important. Through recent surveys in different parts of Indian state Chhattisgarh I have collected many interesting information on Ramphal. I am giving details in present article.

In general presence of Seetaphal in residential areas is not considered good. It is also not planted in home garden. It grows in wasteland as well as forest land. The natives collect it in bulk from there for their families as well as to sell it in local markets. Now many advanced farmers have started cultivation of improved varieties. Opposite to it Ramphal is planted in home garden. During recent visit to Lohandiguda region of Bastar I found this tree in home garden. It is planted mainly for fruits but the natives are aware of its health benefits. The Healers of Southern Chhattisgarh support its presence in house. According to them its shade is beneficial for the natives having poor vitality. Such natives are suggested to pass much time under shade of old tree of Ramphal. In general its shade is beneficial for the natives of all age group. Many Healers suggest its worship regularly so that natives can get chance to pass much time under it and also teach the coming generation about its importance specially as tree of religious importance. In Chhattisgarh trees having religious importance are relatively much safer than common trees.

In order to kill lice in hair natives of Chhattisgarh use Seetaphal leaves as well as seeds. During this use they take special precaution to avoid entry of solution inside eyes. In order to increase the efficacy of leaves many Healers add Neem leaves with it. Neem seed oil is also used but due its odd smell many natives hesitate to use it. For such natives the Healers of Durg region suggest the addition of Ramphal leaves with Seetaphal leaves. Its addition is having many other advantages also. The most important is that it reduces the chance of eye infection.

The Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh are having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about Ramphal. The Healers of Bastar region informed that they use Seetaphal leaves in many herbal combinations. Many times the use of matured leaves results in harmful effects. In such condition they use the young as well as old leaves of Ramphal in order to nullify the bad effects of Seetaphal leaves. It was new information for me. In general the Healers use bark of Ramphal as medicine. Many times this use causes upset in stomach. They treat this problem in many ways. They use green fruits internally during fruiting season. During off-season leaves of Seetaphal are

used for this purpose.

The reference literatures write about unique property of green fruits of Ramphal to flush out intestinal worms. The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains are also aware of it. Taking advantage of this property the Healers of Raigarh, Durg and Bagbahera regions suggest its use in treatment of patients having Leucoderma. It is given internally as supplement treatment along with main treatment of this trouble.

The Healers of Narharpur region informed that Ramphal bark is used alone and in combination with other herbs in treatment of internal wounds. It holds a reputed position among them as wound healer. Inner bark is preferred and in general it is given in form of decoction. Fresh bark is preferred but dry bark is also used specially during off- season. Winter is considered best season for collection of bark. The Healers of different region treat Ramphal trees with different herbal solutions and through this Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge enrich its parts with medicinal properties.

The Healers of Bastar region are aware of use of its flowers in treatment of respiratory troubles but as other promising alternatives are available they use it less commonly. Seeds are used in case of poisoning of unknown origin in order to induce vomiting but like flowers it is also used rarely. I am aware that from documentation point of view it is important information.

The above-mentioned information is valuable and deserves place in reference literatures on Ramphal. I am expecting more information through on-going surveys.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education

Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1763&page=-2 For Recent updates, please see Oudhia, P. (2009). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. [Updated document, year 2009] http://www.pankajoudhia.com For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing In early days when fighting with poisonous arrows were common, injuries were also common. In most of the cases such injuries were resulting in death of the victims. At that time traditional knowledge about medicinal herbs and different combinations was playing important role in

saving lives of such victims. The Traditional Healers of Indian state Chhattisgarh were using many herbs for this purpose. The name of orchid Banda was one of the important remedies. Its root was in use. The Healers were giving it internally with the victims in larger doses in order to save lives. Fortunately we are still having many senior Healers who have not only seen its successful use but also used it for this purpose. Now such injuries are not common and this is the reason this remedy is loosing its popularity. I see it as knowledge that is in danger. There is need to document it in order to protect it for the coming generations. With this intention when I met to the Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions of Chhattisgarh they informed that they are still using Banda for same properties but in different trouble. This trouble is more lethal than poisonous arrow. It is cancer. Instead of roots they are using whole herb or combination of roots and leaves for this purpose. Still it is given in large amount alone and in combination with other herbs. Banda collected from different tree species are used for different purposes. For cancer the Healers collect it from Mahua and Kusum trees. Through recent surveys I collected many interesting information on different aspects of Banda in Chhattisgarh. I am giving details in present article.

Banda is known as Rasna Jadi in trade and it is collected in bulk for national as well as international markets. During recent visits to different herb traders when I observed the quantity collected I shocked and started to think about impact of this collection on natural population of this orchid. The Herb traders of Mainpur region informed that it is routine item and there is regular demand for it. Its demand has increased but prices are more or less same. In fact they are not aware that modern research works have established this herb as promising herb and now more and more companies are using it in their products. This popularity is resulting in high demand and as result in many areas the future of this population is in great danger. The Herb Collectors of these regions accept it. The Herb Traders are not aware of modern research work. Hence most of them are selling it in routine prices. As result they are paying poorly to Herb Collector for valuable herbs like Banda. The Herb Traders of many regions are now adopting rotational harvesting methods. They are not doing it with any good intention. They are having no other way. Over collection is resulting in poor regeneration of this herb and as result they are collecting it in interval of one or two year. This species is not mentioned as species that needs conservation effort in Chhattisgarh. No one has ever estimated its basic population in past. Now there is no scientific way to assess decrease in population. We have to believe on the sayings of Herb Collectors and Traders. In disturbed regions of Chhattisgarh where collection of this herb has stopped since many years its remaining population is getting enough chance to propagate and spread.

The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India are full of information regarding its medicinal properties and uses. It holds reputed position in these systems of

medicine. It is used in hundreds of formulations as important ingredient. Through recent surveys I collected information on over 350 formulations in which this herb is used as main ingredient. Most of these formulations are considered incomplete without it. There is no information available about these formulations in reference literatures. Although it is rough estimation but I found that the Healers of Southern Chhattisgarh are more aware of its use than the Healers of other regions. Also the Healers of Gariaband, Mainpur, Narharpur, Kanker and Bastar were having rich knowledge about its uses. They are aware that drug-manufacturing companies add this herb in their products useful for common ailments like joint pain. They informed me that such ailments could be treated with other commonly available herbs successfully. There is need to promote its use in treatment of complicated diseases specially when other remedies fail to give the desirable results. This promotion will help this herb to grow luxuriantly in forest as its use as rare herb will result in reduction in its demand in trade. I am in full support of this concept. And this is the reason I putting it among the authorities and planners through this research article. Many Healers associate the increasing demand with increasing level of urbanization. They are true to some extent as many orchids are used by rich natives specially natives engaged in Tantra activities in order to get protection from evil spirits. Earlier the fear of evil spirit was more in rural regions but now after making all modern security measures natives of urban regions still feel insecure from these spirits.

The reference literatures mention about external use of Banda leaves in treatment of fever. The Healers of Bastar region use it when they use medicinal ant Chapra for treatment of fever. They release these ants on patients and then apply leaves in form of paste on whole body. This exercise helps in reducing the temperature. Roots are used internally for treatment of old fever but Healers prefer to treat this trouble with other herbs and herbal combinations. .

The Healers of Kanker region consider it useful in treatment of all types of body pain. They are much impressed from its performance in treatment of pain due to cancerous wound. The Healers of Sarguja region use this herb in treatment of bad effects of anger. They consider it as promising cooling medicine. While its use patients are advised to consume cow milk in large amount for its better assimilation.

Many early researchers have mentioned in their research papers that the claims of Traditional Healers of different parts of India are wrong that Banda is helpful in treatment of bite of poisonous snake. I am not convinced with them. I met over 25 Traditional Healers using it for this purpose successfully. Although its use is beneficial just after bite but the Healers manage it with other herbs and for shock treatment this herb specially its roots and leaves are used.

I am in process of identifying the spots from where due to over collection this herb is in danger. I want to publish it in Ecoport in form of map for the ease of planners and other researchers.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1780&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India are full of information about use of Kusum oil in treatment of bad wounds externally. The Traditional Healers of Indian state Chhattisgarh are also aware of it. But instead of using this oil directly for this purpose they utilize this knowledge in different way and also in treatment of more complicated trouble. For the first time I got information about its use in treatment of cancerous wound from the Traditional Healers of North Chhattisgarh. Usually for preparing different herbal oil they use two types of oils as base oils i.e. Sarson and Til oils. The Healers of this region prefer use of Kusum oil as base oil when they prepare special oils for cancer patients. Number of freshly collected medicinal herbs are added in base oil and combination is either kept in sunlight for specific duration or boiled in order to prepare special oils. I have collected information on over 35 types of special oils used externally for treatment of cancerous wound. Through recent surveys I collected additional information on ten more types of oils. I have noted that the Healers of all parts of Chhattisgarh are aware of this use of Kusum oil and none of this oil is available in form of commercial product in market. They prepare it as per need and in general keep the method of preparation as well as contents secret from the patients. When I interacted with the patients using these oils and asked about the herbs and oil used in it none of them was aware of it. Kusum in under cultivation as oilseed crop in Chhattisgarh. Modern researchers consider its oil useful in form of cooking oil and preventive to heart diseases but as I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Healers of Chhattisgarh and also ancient Indian literatures consider it harmful to health. They consider Til oil as best oil as cooking oil. Although Kusum is not under cultivation for its medicinal uses but the natives as well as Traditional Healers are aware of medicinal properties and uses of its all plant parts. Through recent interactions and discussions with them I collected many interesting information on this herb. I am giving details in present article.

In many parts of Chhattisgarh another species of Carthamus i.e. Carthamus oxyacantha grows as wasteland herb. In reference literatures related to weed sciences it is mentioned as weed in many parts of India. The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains collect seeds of this weedy species and extract oil. This oil is added with Kusum oil in order to increase its performance in treatment of cancerous wounds. During surveys I interacted with many Herb Traders aware of similar use in

other parts of India and they supply both types of oil as per need.

Local research organizations engaged in promotion of cultivation of Kusum crop conduct research as well as awareness program to popularize its uses. The promotion of herbal tea prepared from its petals is one of their campaigns. I have mentioned in previous research articles that how the Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh use this Herbal Tea in treatment of common as well as complicated diseases. In general it is used as main remedy but in advanced stage they use it as supplement treatment along with main treatment of these diseases. During recent surveys I got new information about use of its flowers. The Healers of Sarguja region informed that they suggest the patients having Jaundice and associated troubles to dip its flowers in water and keep the solution as such overnight. Next morning leachate is given internally to the patients empty stomach. It acts as both preventive and curative to such troubles. Flower decoction is considered useful for the patients having paralysis but as other promising alternatives are available they use it less commonly.

The Healers of Raigarh region having expertise in treatment of snakebite showed me roots of Kusum plant. They informed that roots are added in herbal combinations given to the victims just after snakebite. In general it is added in herbal combinations used to treat the cases in which type of snake is not known. They explained that Kusum roots do little to reduce the bad effects of poison. It makes body stronger to reduce the bad effects of poison. I am not sure that up to what extent their explanation is scientific but its popularity among them is enough to get idea of its success rate. I am trying to get comments of Healers of other regions on this important use.

The senior farmers of Chhattisgarh Plains informed that in early days they have seen the use of its seeds in treatment of Leucoderma. Seeds are given internally in form of powder. Before giving it patients are advised to eat sweets specially Gud. I have mentioned in previous research articles that such sweets are given when drugs having capacity to flush out intestinal worms are given. Later the Healers of Durg region confirmed its use in treatment of Leucoderma and explained that seed powder flushes out worms. Worms and this trouble is close relationship. When I interacted to the farmers of different region growing this crop since long time they informed that like other crops traditional types of Kusum were more promising than modern varieties in terms of response to organic inputs. Now they are adopting improved chemical farming for getting high yields. The Healers are also not glad with modern varieties.

The Healers of Southern Chhattisgarh are aware of use of whole herb in treatment of many diseases. Its use as tonic is much popular among them. Whole herb is collected before flowering

and after shade drying converted in to fine powder. This powder is given internally with cow milk. This was new information for me.

As researcher I am in favor of establishing this crop as medicinal crop in Chhattisgarh, The natives of young generation are not aware of its health benefits. The Healers are aware of its hundreds of uses. There is need to popularize this use among the modern natives and also to prepare Kusum based products so that the state can generate revenue from it. For that there is need to promote organic cultivation of Kusum. Then target should not be quantity. It must be quality. Lets hope that authorities and planners will think on this aspect one day.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh.

Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1781&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Like every year this year also the Herb Collectors of Indian state Chhattisgarh collected fruits of Aithi in bulk for the Herb Traders. The Traders informed that this year its demand has increased many folds. They are not aware of reason but they instructed the Collectors to collect both mature and immature fruits and don't wait for uniform quality. The buyers at national as well international levels will get it in bulk this year. Not only from Chhattisgarh but also from other states of Central and Eastern India. But the Traditional Healers of these regions using Aithi plant parts will find it difficult to get desired quantity as well as quality this year. In general the Healers of Chhattisgarh use its all parts as medicine for many types of diseases. Whenever the demand increases these Healers face this problem. They are seeing its collection from wild since their childhood but they say it clearly that its demand has increased recently. Since decades trees are regularly giving fruits and other parts without break. Now old trees are exhausted and new population is coming in less number due to lack of fruits. Many Healers informed about use of this tree like other trees as fuel wood and other domestic purposes. Once rich in its wild population many forests are loosing it at alarming rates. The existing population needed conservation efforts. There is need to monitor the trade of Aithi. Also promotion of rotational harvesting is required. Although it seems next to impossible to stop completely the harvest from this tree in wild for one year but if done the Healers say with confident that trees will get enough chance to grow vigorously and produce healthy fruits. Many herb growers of Chhattisgarh tried

its commercial cultivation and also conducted small trials but they know that till the supply from forest will continue no one will purchase fruits from them having high cost. In field condition it performed well and I have mentioned in previous research articles that many farmers have developed its organic way of cultivation. During recent interactions and discussions with natives associated with forest plant Aithi I collected interesting information. I am giving details in present article.

The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India describe much about medicinal properties and uses of Aithi fruits but write less about other parts. I have written a lot on different aspects of this plant in my previous research articles. In general fruits are used to gripping pain in stomach. During recent surveys the Healers of Mainpur region informed that they use its leaves internally in treatment of Ulcerative Colitis. Young leaves collected from old trees are preferred. They treat such trees with herbal solutions. Many of them informed that Beeja and Char bark leachate are added in this herbal solutions. They are practicing this Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge since time immemorial without any modification. In general Aithi tree having rich population of Beeja and Char trees in surroundings is consider best for collection of leaves. Leaves damaged by insects or diseases are not collected. Leaves are used in form of juice. Many times dry leaves are added in powder form in herbal combinations used for this purpose. While its use the patients are instructed to take curd in large amount. In general the patients having this trouble are suggested by the Healers to include curd in their diet. Few Healers informed that they use its leaves in combination with Kutaj bark.

Wound healing properties of Aithi bark is well known. In many parts of India it is used by Healers. The Healers of Chhattisgarh are also aware of it. They prepare herbal combination by adding Neem, Karra, Bhirra, Kalmegh and Aithi fruit powder in different proportions. This combination is applied externally on old wounds. It is also used as veterinary medicine. The Healers of Keshkal region informed that in this combination Aithi bark plays important role and this is reason that its proportion is kept at higher side. They prefer Neem leaves, Bhirra leaves, Kalmegh leaves and Karra fruits. The Healers of Bagbahera region prefer mixture of Bhirra bark and leaves in order to get promising effects. The Healers claimed that in most of the cases the use of this combination alone heals the wound. Its use is continued till complete cure. By adding over 19 herbs and deleting Kalmegh leaves the Healers of Sarguja region prepare special herbal combination and use it externally in treatment of cancerous wound. They are much satisfied with the performance of this combination. They want to keep the information about other ingredients secret. The Herb Vendors of Bilaspur region claimed that the Healers of this region make herbal oil by adding these herbs mainly Aithi in base oil and use it for same purpose. I have yet not seen this oil.

The Healers of Bastar region are aware of use of Aithi bark alone and in combination with other herbs in treatment of skin troubles both internally as well as externally but as other promising alternatives are available they use it less commonly. These Healers use Aithi plant parts collected in different seasons in order to enrich over 20 species of forest trees. Through on-going surveys I am trying to get more information on this Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge.

The above-mentioned information is important and needing attention from scientific community. I am much interested in Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge. If Healers will permit me I will try to take pictures to show the readers that how this traditional knowledge is practiced.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh.

Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1783&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Alsi is under cultivation as oilseed crop since long time in Indian state Chhattisgarh especially in Chhattisgarh Plains. It grows without much care and in general it is least damaged by cattle. In modern days Alsi oil is used for industrial purpose but in early days natives were using it as cooking oil. My father still remembers old days when Alsi oil was in use for this purpose. What are advantages of using this oil? He informed about its many beneficial effects as he heard from his senior family members. But the Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh don't not consider it useful as cooking oil especially from health point of view. According to them to some extent this oil is beneficial for the patients having liver related troubles but internal use of this oil in any form is injurious to eyes. They are seeing many cases of patients since their childhood in which poor eyesight resulted due to use of Alsi oil as cooking oil. In earlier days they were suggesting the poor natives having no option to use of plenty of cow ghee internally as treatment of eye problem due to Alsi oil. It was beyond imagination for the poor natives to consume costly cow ghee as treatment. Fortunately natives of Chhattisgarh are not using Alsi oil these days. The area under Alsi has decreased in the state as now more and more farmers are going for cash crops. In my own land my father has limited area of this crop due to nuisance of monkeys. Although the traditional knowledge about use of cow ghee in order to reduce the bad effects of Alsi oil is not in use in the state but from documentation point of view it is important information. I would like

to mention here that the Healers suggest the natives using Alsi oil for its beneficial effects on liver to use Sarson oil which is not only good for liver related troubles but also having other positive effects. Through recent surveys in different parts of Chhattisgarh I collected many interesting information like this. I am giving details in present article.

The rich natives consume Kishmish (dry fruits of Grapes) and Khajur with taste. They are aware of its beneficial effects on health. These items are beyond reach of common natives. The Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh consider fruits of Mahua as promising substitute to it. Mahua fruits are consumed with taste by natives in rural and forest regions of the state. Common natives are not aware of its health benefits. According to the Healers Mahua fruits are boon for the patients having blood related troubles. This is the reason it is given as supplement medicine to the patients having Sickle Cell Anaemia. I have mentioned in previous research articles that how the Healers use liquor prepared from Mahua externally in order to stop bleeding in patients having {{Haemophilia}g}. The senior Healers say strictly that in order to remain healthy one must try to take locally available fruits and food. It is also mentioned in ancient Indian literatures. Although rich natives rarely consume Mahua fruits but I feel that there is need to popularize its use among them so that they can get good health from tree available in abundance in surroundings.

Although the scientific studies are still lacking in this field but the Healers of Chhattisgarh blame impure milk and its products as cause of skin troubles specially Leucoderma. Since few years the number of patients having this trouble is increasing at alarming rates. I have mentioned in previous research articles that milk from cows having similar skin trouble is not considered good for such patients. The introduction of exotic breeds and adoption of chemicals in order to increase milk production by dairy owners especially in metros have resulted in availability of poor quality milk. The Healers suggest the natives in clear words that either drink pure and healthy milk or don't drink it at all. Butter prepared from milk of indigenous cow is considered beneficial for general health. The senior natives of Chhattisgarh Plains suggest the patients having problem of Piles specially bleeding piles to consume this butter in large amount in order to get rid from this problem. The Healers of this region confirmed it and added that it helps a lot in reducing pain.

Both Lakuch and Kathal are well known in many parts of Chhattisgarh. Although both belong to same genus but Lakuch fruits are not considered beneficial for general health whereas Kathal is considered beneficial. The natives use it in different forms from curry to pickles. The Healers of Northern Chhattisgarh suggest thin natives to consume it throughout season in order to gain body weight in natural way. As home remedy the use of Kela fruits along with cow milk is also

considered beneficial for such natives.

The Healers of Durg region suggest the natives to consume fruits of Kaitha at right stage. Both less matured and over matured fruits are considered harmful to health. At right stage its use in any form helps in increasing body resistance. For the patients having troubles related to respiratory system the Healers of this region suggest them to never miss to consume two fruits in one year. One is Chirai Jam and another is Tendu. Chirai Jam fruits collected from trees growing near river are considered richer in medicinal properties. Although both fruits are popular in rural and forest regions but the I feel that there is need to popularize its use in urban regions where respiratory troubles are increasing due to pollution and other reasons. Such patients are instructed by the Healers to avoid use of Kakri in any form.

Leaves of common tree Munga are consumed as curry throughout Chhattisgarh. The Healers support its use in this way by natives. The Healers of Raipur and Dhamtari regions informed that this curry is having capacity to flush out intestinal worms. It is also considered useful for liver related troubles. They suggest natives to prepare simple curry from it without using pepper and spices. In general they consider red pepper harmful to body when added in large amounts in different food preparations.

Many of these uses have been reported in reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India. It is good to observe that these traditional uses are still popular among natives and Healers. It also shows the effectiveness of these uses. Through on-going surveys I am trying to get more information like this.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1784&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract

This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Rahar is well known pulse crop throughout Chhattisgarh. The natives consume it with taste with cooked rice. Although its consumption in larger amount produces gastric troubles but natives consume it as per their capacity instead of knowing this fact. The natives engaged in heavy physical work in general face no problem related to its digestion. For natives living in urban regions and engaged more in mental and less in physical work feel difficult to digest it. Modern science considers its high protein content for bloating effect. The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India suggest that one must prefer the use of Moong in place of Rahar. Rahar is having many beneficial effects on body also but for these effects it must be digested well inside body. When I asked this question to the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region they replied that they use Rahar Dal as medicine in treatment of many diseases. It is used both as supplement as well as main treatment. In case of poisoning especially when anyone consumes Datura poison in large amount after systematic treatment he or she is suggested to increase intake of Rahar in form of Dal in meals and take it with large amount of cow ghee. I have mentioned in previous research articles that alone cow ghee is used for this purpose by the Healers as well as natives of many parts of Chhattisgarh. Also few months back I used it on my self when someone in train gave me Datura in the name of Stevia powder. The information regarding its use in combination with Rahar Dal was new information for me. The Healers are aware that this combination may result in stomach upset. That is why they suggest the patients to walk for a mile after taking it for proper utilization of this Dal. The senior Healers informed that in many places especially in hotels you will find Rahar having typical odd smell when served hot with meals. This odd smell is clear indicator that it is not suitable for consumption. My Plant Breeder friends informed that this smell is due to different varieties of Rahar coming in the state. This smell is not present in traditional varieties of Chhattisgarh. The Healers blame cooking method as well as over use of pesticides in commercial cultivation of Rahar crop responsible for this odd smell. Common people are not aware of this fact. I feel that there is need to create awareness about it and also to search the reason responsible for it. The Healers of Narharpur region are also aware of bad effects of Rahar when used in form of Dal. The patients having problem of Insomnia are strictly suggested to avoid use of this Dal in any form. After getting this information I suggested it to many family friends and found it really useful. Through recent interactions and discussions with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region I collected many interesting information like this. I am giving details in present article.

The Healers use special oil for joint pains especially in case of young patients. In this oil immature seeds of Rahar are used as main ingredient. They collect seeds from fields where organic farming is in practice. Seeds are added in Sarson oil and combination is kept in sunlight

up to one month. After this duration oil is filtered and kept for future use. They massage this oil when patients approach to them. Although they give credit to this special oil but I have observed that massage plays important role in treatment. This oil is not available as commercial product in market. They prepare it in limited amount and never give it to the patients. It is hard to believe that this simple oil can give miraculous effects but the Healers have deep faith in this use. They prefer sunny days especially of summer for preparation of oil. In advanced cases they use another special oil. In this oil Nirgundi leaves are used as main ingredient. As base oil Andi oil is used. They give equal importance to both ingredients. To prepare this oil they boil Nirgundi leaves in base oil partially and then keep the combination in sunlight for forty days. After this duration oil is considered ready for use. They try it on patients up to a week. In case of success continue its use but in case of poor effects they add three more herbs in it. Gradually they reach up to 30 herbs but in general after adding nine herbs they get success in treatment. They want to keep the names of other herbs secret but they informed that all other herbs are less effective than combination of Nirgundi leaves and Andi oil. The use of Nirgundi plat parts in such trouble is mentioned in reference literatures but its use with Andi oil and other herbs is new information and needing attention from scientific community. The Healers of this region added that they use flowers of Andi in form of oil and also in combination with other herbs in treatment of cancer pain both internally as well as externally.

The reference literatures related to Ayurveda the external use of Afeem in combination with Isabgol seed pulp is mentioned as promising hair remover. When I discussed this use the Healers of this region confirmed the efficacy of this use. They are not aware of use of Isabgol, as it is not present in surroundings. They use Afeem with tree gums mainly of Bambri. The combination is applied on body parts from where hair removal is required. It happens within no time and also with no pain. In our modern societies we use such combinations as beauty article but the Healers use it less commonly in their routine life. Occasionally they use it to remove hairs growing near open wound through this combination. When I informed that how modern natives are afraid of unwanted hairs they showed surprise. Many of them laughed also.

Amra is well known plant in this region. The Healers consider its different plant parts useful in treatment of common as well as complicated troubles. The use of its fruits in treatment of liver related troubles is very popular among them. In order to increase its efficacy they add bark in it. Inner bark is preferred. They use fruit stone in treatment of gynecological troubles but as other promising alternatives are available they use it less commonly.

Like other parts of Chhattisgarh the Healers of this region are also much worried from rapidly depleting natural wealth especially medicinal herbs. Like always during this survey they shared

information with all details and also showed rare herbs. I wish to visit this region again and again.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh.

Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1785&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing When I observed few people collecting parasitic weed Amarbel in forest I instructed my driver to stop survey vehicle. These people were Herb Collectors and collecting Amarbel from Boir trees. They informed that the collection in limited quantity is on for the traders of Dhamtari region. Although Amarbel is used as medicinal herb in different systems of medicine in India and it is collected from wild but the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region informed that from this region it is collected in limited amount. I have mentioned in previous research articles that Amarbel growing in different herbs possess different medicinal properties and Traditional Healers as well as Herb Collectors of different parts of Chhattisgarh are not only aware of this fact but also they utilize it in treatment of different diseases both internally as well as externally. But in trade in the name of Amarbel only one type is known and i.e. mixture of all available types. Many traders are aware of this fact that many types of Amarbel exist but national and international buyers ask for mixture and this is the reason these traders supply them mixture. When I started discussion with Herb Collectors on different types of Amarbel the senior Collectors informed that Amarbel infesting forest tree Beeja is used as external remedy in treatment of skin diseases. Amarbel infesting Dhawai plant is added in herbal oil with other herbs used in treatment of hair related troubles. Amarbel collected from Mitha Indrajau tree is used to prepare medicine useful for women in lactation. It is also used as veterinary medicine. Amarbel collected from Ranijada plant is used externally for skin diseases. It is used in powder form along with cow urine.

Amarbel collected from Kumhi tree is used as remedy for Migraine. They informed about over 35 types of Amarbel with specific uses and added that it is not easy to find its infestation in wild always. Many times they have to travel far and also to climb large trees for collection. As mentioned earlier that there is no specific demand for different types this information is of no use for the Herb Collectors of this region. Whenever they have to use it as medicine they approach to the Traditional Healers for treatment. Later the Healers informed that there is specific stage and time for the collection of different types of Amarbel from different trees. They suggested me to visit for long time to discuss on this aspect in detail. Through recent surveys I collected many interesting information like this from the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. I am giving details in present article.

As per demand they collect Doomar plant parts specially fruits in bulk for the traders. While its collection they never miss to consume its tasty fruits. They are aware of its medicinal properties and uses. Besides informing its well-known properties they added that these fruits are boon for the trouble of joint pain. Its regular use during season protects from such trouble round the year. It was new information for me. They informed about special herbal oil prepared from fruits of this tree. Matured fallen fruits are used as single ingredient to prepare this oil. It is considered useful for the patients having Epilepsy. This oil is massaged on head, sole and palm of patients both during normal time and also during attack. Later the Healers of this region confirmed it and added that more herbs are used with Doomar fruits in order to increase performance of oil. The Healers also use these fruits in treatment of spleen related troubles.

While collecting herbs there is always chance of bites of poisonous insects and other wild animals. This is the reason many Collectors always keep roots of Ankol tree with them. These roots are used both internally as well as externally in treatment of such bites. Ankol trees are present in wild also. But it is not necessary that such bad incidences occur always near to this tree. The use of fresh roots is preferred but in case of unavailability dry roots are also used. The Healers of this region are also aware of this use. They have found it useful in case of rat as well as dog bite. Many senior Herb Collectors claimed that use of Ankol roots in form of Dataun and swallowing of its juice during this process protects body from different blood related diseases. They consider it very useful for the patients having Sickle Cell Anaemia. They have gained this knowledge from their ancestors. The Healers of this region showed surprise in this unique knowledge and assured me to try it in this way on their patients. I feel that attention from scientific community is required in this regard as modern experts are still searching ways to treat Sickle Cell Anaemia.

Beside forest herbs the Herb Collectors of this region are also aware of medicinal uses of trees

present in Badi. I have mentioned in previous research articles that as home remedy natives of different parts of Chhattisgarh use decoction of Jam leaves for mouth related troubles. When they fail to get the desired effects they try other remedies or consult Traditional Healers for further treatment. The Herb Collectors of Narharpur region add whole herb of Akarkara with Jam leaves in equal amount and prepare decoction. This decoction is used in same way i.e. in form of gargle. If they fail to get the effect then Fitkari is added in this decoction. As final herb they add leaves of medicinal herb Arusa in it. They have found it very useful in case of ulcers due to poor digestion and also for toothache.

I found these Herb Collectors having expertise in collection of herbs growing in marshy regions. They are having rich knowledge about these herbs also. Many of them dare to enter in marshy region even during peak rainy season days. I am planning to organize a trip in coming rainy season for collection of marshy herbs and also different types of medicinal mushroom species with them.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Related References

Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1786&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing

Although ancient Indian writers have tried their best to include all available information about medicinal herbs in their writings but still lot of information is in undocumented form. This knowledge is with the Traditional Healers and also with other components of our society. They are practicing it in their day today life. It is not wrong to say that only effective formulations are in practice. The non-effective or poorly effective formulations have lost its identity with time. During Ethnobotanical surveys conducted in different parts of Indian state Chhattisgarh I noted that many variants of formulations mentioned in ancient literatures are in practice. When I present any formulation written in these literatures among the Healers of different regions many times they accept that they are practicing it without any modification whereas many times they inform that they have added or deleted one or more herbs on different basis mainly on the basis on availability and effectiveness. Many times they show total ignorance towards many herbs and its uses. These literatures describe herbs of ancient India and also mainly Himalayan herbs. For Healers of Chhattisgarh these are new herbs. Motivated by this observation I never miss to get comments of Healers about documented formulations during every survey. I would like to mention here that Healers are not having access to these literatures. Many times they show surprise and look at me with big question mark that how I got information about their secret formulations even without interaction. I only present basic information about formulations and give them freedom to express their views without any interruption. When I put these formulations among the group of Healers I get more detailed information as one Healer starts commenting as competitor other Healers try to express and give more information. If I start writing this information they hesitate to interact freely. That is why I have to keep all the details in my mind. It is very challenging work but if you are already working on herbs and aware of some formulations then you will have no problem in it. But it is hard to assemble the Healers at one place and encourage them to talk freely. During recent surveys I put one formulation among the Healers of different regions in different time. I received valuable comments. I am giving details in present article.

The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India specially Ayurveda describe the formulation having Guggul, Khadir, Parwal, Neem fruits and Giloi and its use in treatment of Syphilis in form of decoction. These literatures are lacking information about proportion of these ingredients. But in general when such information is not given it is believed that all ingredients must be added in equal proportion. Although Guggal plant is not present in forest but Guggal is available in state. Khadir from Khair tree is available. Parwal is under cultivation as vegetable crop. Neem and Giloi are used as Traditional herbs.

Through recent surveys in Bagbahera region I got information on over 20 formulations used in treatment of different stages of this disease. None of these formulations has all these ingredients in given proportion. Most of the Healers use Neem and Giloi with other herbs in these

formulations. The senior Healers of this region are aware of use of Parwal in this trouble but they have never used it as other alternatives are available with them. They informed that they use bark of medicinal tree Beeja, Bhirra and parasitic weed Amarbel collected from Saja tree in treatment of Syphilis.

The Healers of Raipur region informed that they are aware of this formulation. Many of them prepare it after purchasing Guggul from local herb shops. They use it in secondary stage of Syphilis. They are not much satisfied with its performance. They use roots and fruits of Parwal in this formulation. The Healers of Durg region use this formulations without Guggal and Parwal. They keep proportion of Neem fruits and Giloi higher as compared to other herbs. Many patients are sensitive of over dose of Kattha. This is the reason it is used in less amount. They give it with other formulations. In general it is given during morning hours. At noon and evening other remedies are given.

The Healers of Dhamtari region use this formulation without Guggal. They prefer use of Neem leaves in place of fruit. They use it at all stages of Syphilis. Many times it is given as single remedy up to long time. Instead of Parwal fruits they prefer use of roots. They grow this herb in their Badi for this use. The Healers of Kanker region showed ignorance about this formulation. When I presented them combination based on this formulation prepared by my friend practicing Ayurveda they thanked me and assured to try it on their patients. They use over 25 types of formulations for this trouble. They prefer early treatment in order to avoid further complications associated with this disease. They use medicinal orchids as well as mushroom in their formulations.

The Healers of Saraipali region are also not aware of this formulation. They treat this disease with the help of bitter herbs. Several types of decoction are given many times in a day as treatment. They use red velvet mite also as ingredient in their formulations.

Many senior Healers of Bastar region are aware of similar formulation. In place of Guggal and Parwal their formulation contains Sargi Gond and Karela fruits. Many times they delete Karela from it. It is added generally to nullify the harmful effects of Neem and Giloi. They use it at initial stage and if fail to get the desired effects they add more herbs in it. Locally available herbs are added in it and in general wild tubers are added. They don't consider this disease as troublesome. According to them this disease has come and spread from the foreign rulers many decades back. Their experimentation is new and they took help of traditional knowledge to develop formulations to fight with it successfully.

Although during this survey I missed to get comments of Healers of other regions but I feel that above mentioned information is also valuable. There is need to evaluate the modified formulations under the frame of modern science.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1787&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu.

Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing The Traditional Healers of Indian state Chhattisgarh are in worry that the natives of modern generation are loosing interest in traditional dishes. These traditional dishes are not only tasty but also full of health. I have mentioned in previous research articles that how the senior natives protect themselves from different diseases with the help of these dishes. In rural and forest regions natives are still fond of these dishes. In urban regions junk foods are becoming popular. The natives of this region see these dishes in state level events when state departments specially department of tourism presents it for foreign visitors. The dishes available in such events are poor both in taste as well as quality. But it is good step that at least through such events modern natives get information about these dishes. In Chhattisgarh different types of Laddus or Ladu are very popular. The natives of different regions prepare it by adopting different methods. Many of them are aware of its therapeutic values but still there is need to re-circulate the traditional medicinal knowledge about different dishes among the natives so that they consume it with more energy and joy. During recent surveys I got a lot of information on different types of Laddus prepared by Traditional Healers for use as medicine. These preparations are not popular among common natives. While interactions with the Healers I got chance to taste most of these Laddus. I found it good in taste and this taste is now encouraging me to popularize it among common people.

The Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains prepare special Laddu for the patients having respiratory troubles. In this Laddu Harra fruits, Kali Mirch, Gud, Sonth (Dry Ginger) and Pippali are added as main ingredients. It is prepared during winter. The Healers of Durg region consider it specially useful for the patients having Asthma. They are in favor of its year round use. But for use in different seasons they modify it slightly. For winter they add Gud and Sonth but for other seasons in place of Gud, Mishri is added and quantity of Sonth is reduced to half. Although all ingredients are considered important in this preparation but for these troubles the Healers consider Harra and Pippali as important ingredients. The use of Baal Harra is preferred. They collect all herbs specially Harra by their own hands. They also practice Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge to enrich these herbs with medicinal properties. This Laddu is used as supplement along with main treatment of these troubles. In periods when patients are normal they are suggested to use only this Laddu and no medicine. They claim that regular use of this Laddu acts as promising preventive. They prepare it in limited amount and in general patients are not informed about its contents. When I tasted it I found typical taste of Gud, Kali Mirch and Sonth.

It is really hard to guess presence of Harra in this Laddu.

The Healers of Kanker region add Til seeds in this Laddu and suggest it for other disease. Black Til is preferred. Til and Harra are added in equal amount. Its use is preferred during winter. They prepare Laddu of three sizes. Smallest is having the size of Boir fruits and largest is size of Kaitha fruits. Based on age, vitality and condition of patients they give different sizes of Laddu. This Laddu is used mainly in treatment of Piles specially bleeding Piles. But many Healers consider it useful in treatment of skin diseases. Addition of Til in it makes it more tasty. I found it useful in constipation. The Healers suggest their patients to take one Laddu after every meal.

By deleting Pippali and adding Nirgundi leaves the Healers of Bagbahera region prepare different type of Laddu. This Laddu is considered useful for the patients recovering from exhaustive diseases. It acts as tonic. They are not in favor of its long-term use. Its nature is considered hot and this the reason while it use patients are advised to consume large amount of water especially well water. Nirgundi leaves are collected before flowering. In general shade dried leaves are added in half amount of Harra fruit powder. Addition of leaves makes it as Laddu with slightly odd taste but as medicine the patients consume it without any complaint.

When tasted similar Laddu prepared by Healers of Raigarh region I refused to take another one. It was very bitter. With all basic contents it was having leaves as well as inner bark of Neem tree. I thought that it was useful for blood purification or skin diseases but the Healers recommend it in treatment of Jaundice. As compared to Harra, Neem plant parts are added in little amount but even in this amount it never misses to show its dominance. It is used in treatment not as preventive and after cure its use is stopped.

For the patients having pollen allergy the Healers of Bilaspur region suggest use of special Laddu throughout sensitive season. They use all basic ingredients in it but add one more herb in it and i.e. Heads of Mundi weed. It grows as winter weed in crop fields and wasteland. Many times proportion of Sonth and Pippali are reduced. It is not given round the year. Addition of Mundi makes it as Laddu with typical smell but results in odd taste.

For the patients having regular sensation of vomiting are suggested to take special Laddu having Harra, Sonth, Pippali, Gud and bark of Chirai-Jam. The Healers claim that the use of this preparation as medicine cures this trouble within two or three days but as other promising alternatives are available the Healers use it less commonly. As knowledge about this Laddu is

limited to Healers and they are not using it I feel that there is need to conserve knowledge about it and also to popularize its use in modern systems of medicine.

Many Healers of Durg region consider the Laddu having basic ingredients useful for heart troubles also. But they suggest slight increase in amount of Sonth and while its use the patients are advised to take lot of cow milk for its proper utilization.

At last but not least the Healers of Northern Chhattisgarh add over 10 types of herbs in this basic Laddu and use it in treatment of Cancer as supplement treatment. They want to keep information about these herbs secret but I got success in getting names of two ingredients. They add bark powder of Mahul and seeds of common weed Sawa in it. I am trying to get more information on this aspect.

I am feeling proud to document this important traditional medicinal knowledge about this special Laddu and its variants. Before starting this article I took famous Til and Murra Laddus prepared by my mother and also took its pictures for Ecoport. Use of both types of Laddus protects me from different allergies especially from allergy caused by my favorite weed Parthenium.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1788&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing In general the Traditional Healers of Indian state Chhattisgarh suggest female natives of all age groups to wear different types of Herbal Mala in different phases of life in order to get protection from mental as well as physical illness. In these Mala both native and exotic herbs are used alone or in combination with other herbs. I have collected information on over 350 types of such Mala used by the Healers of different regions. In general it is used as preventive to diseases but it is also used as treatment. I have written about many of such Mala is my previous research articles. Through recent surveys I collected additional information on this aspect. I am giving details in this article.

The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains suggest rich natives to wear Herbal Mala having Rudraksh beads. In general they depend on the Herb Vendors for the availability of Rudraksh. Both local as well as Herb Vendors coming from Northern India supply it to the Healers. They are aware of common malpractice of supplying fake Rudraksh. They know ten traditional methods through which they check as well as evaluate the potential of Rudraksh. They are also aware of use of glues providing specific shape to it. Many natives purchase it from local shops but before wearing this Mala they check its purity with the help of Healers. Rudraksh Mala is considered useful for female natives of all age groups but the natives having poor vitality are specially advised to wear it.

For old female natives the Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains especially from Durg region suggest the use of Tulsi Mala. They prepare it by themselves by using Tulsi growing in wild conditions without any care. In general Ocimum sanctum is used for this purpose but in order to increase its efficacy many Healers use wild species of Tulsi also. Tulsi Mala is known as article of religious importance in the state. One can get it from village markets but when it is used as medicine it is taken from Healers. The users are suggested to change it in every six-month and return back the old Mala to Healers. They burry it in shade of old trees like Pipal or flow it in river.

For female natives having mental illness the Healers of Bagbahera region suggest the use of Herbal Mala having pieces of Bach rhizome. In general Mala having 11 pieces are preferred. The patients are advised to wear it whole day. Based on the condition of the patients they decide the period of use. In serious cases it is changed in every twenty hours. They prepare it from Bach growing in wild. The Healers of Keshkal region are also aware of this Mala but in place of common Bach they prefer rare type of Bach that occurs in nearby forests. I have mentioned in previous research articles that Bach is used internally also for such trouble. Many Healers informed that both internal as well as external uses of Bach in this way many times act in miraculous way. Although the natives informed that Bach Mala is available in market but I have yet not seen it there.

The Healers of Ambikapur region associate many types of mental illness with evil spirits and in such cases specially in case of female patients they prepare Herbal Mala using root pieces of medicinal herb Nirgundi. Sunday is considered as best day for starting its use. Once prepared through traditional method its use is continued up to many years.

Anemic patients are suggested by the Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains to wear special Mala prepared from Kamal. It is commonly available Mala. Many female natives wear it due to its religious importance. There is need to make them aware about its positive effects on Health as mentioned by Healers.

The Healers of Gariaband region are aware of twenty types of Herbal Mala useful in treatment of different gynecological troubles from menstrual troubles to troubles common during pregnancy. But unfortunately none of these Herbal Mala are in use in this region. The Healers of present generation treat these troubles with internal medicines. Now this knowledge is limited to senior Healers. I feel that there is need to conserve as well as popularize the knowledge about these Mala. For the female natives wishing to get male child they prepare Herbal Mala having roots and seeds of four medicinal herbs. Shivlingi is one of these herbs. When I discussed about this Mala with the Healers of Kanker region they confirmed its use but added that by using rare white flowered Bhatkatiya roots they prepare special Herbal Mala for the same purpose. In this Mala two other herbs are also used but Safed Bhatkatiya roots play important role in it. Many times they use this herb internally also for the same purpose.

Although the Healers either aware of this knowledge or practicing it in their day today life are not aware of science of its use but as traditional practice they are suggesting it to their patients with full faith. It is the miraculous effect that is why its use is still popular among them. Through

on-going surveys I am trying my best to gather more information on this interesting aspect.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the

interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1789&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing After reading my research articles on medicinal uses of Blister Beetles in treatment of many complicated diseases by the Traditional Healers of Indian state Chhattisgarh many young researchers approached to me with request to arrange some beetles for them. They were interested in Blister Beetles feeding on Ipomoea carnea flowers. As you know it is very dangerous insect and much care is required during its collection. I talked to my field workers and with necessary arrangements started search for these beetles. I was considering it as simple job because few years back I collected it in bulk for my research lab from nearby university campus.

After long search of three days we failed to get a single beetle in Raipur region. It forced me to search the reasons responsible for it. Later I found that the increasing level of pollution is one of the main reasons responsible for it. I have mentioned in previous research articles that new industrial development has resulted in decreasing population of many creatures including crows, fishes, dragonflies etc.. Now I have to add the name of Blister Beetle in this list. I decided to conduct a special survey in order to know the status of this insect in different parts of Chhattisgarh. The results of this random survey are presented in this interactive table. During this survey I got opportunities to meet and interact with the natives as well as Healers aware of many medicinal properties and uses of different Ipomoea species in Chhattisgarh. I have written a lot on these species in previous articles. The information given in this article is supplement to previous information.

As the table shows Blister Beetle population is less affected in many parts of Chhattisgarh and it was good to find that the Healers of these parts are using full fed beetles as source of medicine. The Healers of Durg region informed that they have tried this beetle along with medicinal herbs in treatment of Urticaria especially in time of attack. Although this beetle feeds on many hosts but they prefer beetles feeding on Ipomoea flowers for preparation of medicine. They accepted that selection of dose plays vital role in this regard. Over dose may results in complications. I thanked them for sharing results of new experiments and assured them to document it in original form. As observed earlier also due to pressure of increasing population now natives have started using Beshram plants for several purposes. This is the reason that now it is not spreading in speed as it was in few years back. These uses are keeping control over its population. The Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region informed about their new experiments. They are using roots and leaves of this exotic weed in treatment of nervous system related troubles. They dip leaves and roots in well water and after decaying up to one day collect the reddish extract. In this extract different tree barks are dipped for few hours and given to the patients. This extract is not used directly. They are aware that direct use is toxic but when it is used in this way with different barks its toxicity is eliminated. This was new information for me. They use it as vitaliser for nervous system related troubles. They want to keep information about different barks secret. I am surprised as well as glad to get new information about new use of this exotic weed.

Isque-pecha is known as ornamental plant. You can find this herb in both home as well as public garden. From these gardens it has escaped to wasteland. But when for the first time I saw it in medicinal herb garden at Asna village during my college studies I got information about its status as medicinal herb. Later my Guru Shri Vishal Bharat told me that this herb is present in wild conditions and used by Traditional Healers. Although I have written little less about its medicinal uses as compare to the other Ipomoea species but during every survey I never miss to ask about its uses to the Healers. In reference literatures related to different systems of medicine

in India it holds a reputed position. Its external use in treatment of bleeding Piles has been reported but during this survey the Healers of Kanker region informed that they add its roots in herbal combinations useful in treatment of Bleeding Piles internally. The Healers of Ambikapur region explained that in general it is having capacity to stop all types of bleeding. For Bleeding Piles they use other remedies whereas roots as well as leaves of this herb are added in herbal combinations used for internal bleeding. They were much impressed by its performance. Many of them informed about the possibilities of using its beautiful flower in Herbal Bed useful for patients recovering from exhaustive diseases. It was their suggestion but they were not using it. Possibly due to availability of other promising alternatives they were not using it.

Although Ipomoea pes-tigridis is not in trade but it grows as wasteland herb throughout Chhattisgarh. The Healers use it less commonly. In treatment of old wounds when all available remedies fail to give the desirable effects the Healers of Sarguja region prepare special herbal combination. This combination is used both internally as well as externally. This herb is an integral part of this combination. Herb collected before flowering is considered useful. Shade dried herb is used in powder form. In this herbal combination over 35 types of herbs are added. They informed that nuts of Motha are added in this combination to nullify the harmful effects of this Ipomoea species. The natives of Kanker region use decoction of this herb along with Neem leaves for dressing open wound as veterinary medicine.

For the researchers interested in Blister Beetle when I arranged few beetles I revealed their true faces. They were not researchers. They were from drug manufacturing companies and wanted to show these beetles to the traders of their region for large-scale collection. They approached to me as researcher to take my support and to some extent they got success in it. But later when the traders of their region failed to get it in wild they approached again with offer to collect it in bulk. I was much worried about pressure on its natural population. I refused to promote new trade on this medicinal beetle. Through this article I would like to request the researchers working on 'Insects in trade' to come forward and help me in work to monitor its natural population and also to search the reasons responsible for its decreasing population.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin

Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1790&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing In general the Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh suggest the use of Sal oil in treatment of common trouble of cracks on sole and palm. This oil is applied externally on affected parts. It provides much relief to the natives but in many cases it fails to give the desired effects. In such cases the Healers of different regions prepare different Sal based herbal combinations and use it in treatment. The Healers of Bastar region showed me a wasteland herb known as Bari Kateri in Hindi and informed that the whole herb collected before flowering is used with Sal oil for this purpose. It is used in many ways. Popular method is boiling method. The whole herb is boiled in Til oil and when all watery contents evaporate the boiling is stopped and filtered oil is added in Sal oil. The combination is applied externally in same way. In order to increase its performance many Healers suggest the addition of Aloe vera leaf pulp with this combination. In this combination the roles of Sal oil and Bari Kateri are considered important. They use other method also. In this method shade dried Bari Kateri is converted in to powder and added in Sal oil. The Healers of this rich are having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about this herb. Besides this use through this herb they treat many types of skin diseases. Its use in treatment of Eczema is

popular among them. They add this herb along with 22 types of herbs in order to prepare special oil. This oil is used externally. In treatment of skin diseases they consider this herb equally or even more effective than Neem like traditional remedies. Through recent surveys and interactions with the natives and Traditional Healers of different parts of Chhattisgarh I have collected many interesting information like this about less used medicinal herbs. I am giving details in present article.

In systematic treatment of Piles the Traditional Healers of Kanker region give more emphasis on total treatment of body. They also try to increase the resistance power of patients. During surveys they showed me roots of medicinal plant collected from Keshkal valley and informed that roots are added in herbal combination and given internally to patients. In this herbal combination these roots play important role. As other ingredients Kali Musli roots, rhizome powder of Jimikand and Keu are added. During the use of this combination patients are advised to drink plenty of cow milk. This combination purifies the body by flushing out impurities. Its long-term use under supervision of Healers cures not only Piles but also associated troubles. The Healers refused to inform about plant from which roots were collected. For my reference they presented me roots. When I showed it to Herb Traders they failed to identify it and informed that it is not in trade. Later the Herb Collectors of Farasgaon region showed me a plant and through reference literatures I identified as Rivea ornata. It is not wrong to say that it is one of least studied herbs specially for its Ethnobotanical uses. I searched the reference literatures for this combination but failed to get any information on this aspect. Through this article this information is coming among world community for the first time.

In Homoeopathy there are many medicines for the extreme weakness due to sexual excess specially when patients start feeling like old man. These medicines work in promising ways but in many cases its use results in little success. The Healers of Chhattisgarh try to treat this trouble with the help of popular herbal tonic having Safed Musli, Kali Musli, Kevatch, Vidarikand etc.. It gives basic strength back to patients but many symptoms persist up to long time. The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains use roots as well as leaves of medicinal herb Shahad Kand for this specific trouble. It is given with Honey internally. Based on the condition of patients the Healers decide the doses but they are not in favor of its long-term use. Roots are considered more useful in terms of effect. The purpose of use of leaves is to reduce the harmful effects of roots. This herb is not used in combination with other herbs. The senior Healers of Gariaband region informed that many times due to sexual excess the patients loose their memory. The judicial use of this herb cures this trouble. While giving this herb the patients are strictly advised to avoid sexual activities and after complete treatment keep control over it.

The Healers of Dhamtari region are aware of use of medicinal weed Hiran Khuri in treatment of heart troubles. They claim that through its judicious use modern heart troubles can be treated. These Healers are known in the region for their expertise in treatment of such troubles. They use its roots in treatment. The senior Healers use roots as single remedy whereas the young Healers use it with other popular herbs like Koha in form of combinations. Roots are used in form of fine powder and its use with cow milk is preferred. The senior Healers are not in favor of its use in combination with their herbs. They inform very little about its mode of action and other related information. Through on-going surveys I am trying my best to get more information on this aspect. This weed holds a status of problematic weed throughout world. Its use in treatment of heart patients needs attention from scientific community. If modern researchers get success in providing scientific base to this traditional knowledge then we will able to manage this weed through its utilization. I would like to mention here that the shape of its leaves itself suggest us that this herb is useful in treatment of heart troubles.

Few days back when I started analysis of mails of researchers from different parts of world regarding their on-going research on medicinal herbs I found that most of the researchers are working on herbs having well known and written medicinal uses. It is not wrong but I feel that research is needed on less known and used herbs also.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia

Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1791&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Common natives of Indian state Chhattisgarh use dye obtained from Mehndi leaves as article of decoration. They apply it on hands in beautiful designs. It is having religious importance also. But very few of them are aware of use of Mehndi in this way as medicine. The Traditional Healers specially the senior Healers are having rich traditional medicinal knowledge on this aspect. In general use of Mehndi leaves in any form on hand is considered beneficial for general health of females. I have mentioned it in previous research articles. The Traditional Healers of Durg region are aware of herbal combination which is used with Mehndi and having capacity to act as contraceptive. This combination is applied in same way as Mehndi. They claim that the use of this combination not only beautifies hands but also act as birth control measure. They use five types of herbs with Mehndi leaves. Coleus is one of these herbs. They want to keep information about other herbs secret. This combination is applied on every Thursday. In general the Healers give it to the users for one time use. The Healers are unable to explain its mode of action. Also it is new information for me. I am presenting this information among world community so that they can think on this aspect. When user of this combination wants to stop use of this birth control measure and wishes to become pregnant then the Healers give another combination. In this combination six types of herbs are used with Mehndi leaves. Indrayan roots are one of these herbs. According to them in both combinations Mehndi leaves play important role. It is not mere a carrier. Unfortunately this traditional knowledge is not in use. The Healers have many reasons for it. Most of the natives are not in favor of using such contraceptives. Secondly, they are having other promising herbal alternatives. Thirdly modern sciences are blamed for decreasing its popularity. I have yet not seen its use but during recent visits got opportunities to take pictures of preparation of herbal combinations. Although traditional society has rejected it but I feel that modern society will welcome this unique way of birth control

measure. Through recent surveys I interacted with the senior Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains and collected many interesting information. In general these Healers inform very little about their knowledge and much worry about exploitation but whatever information they share is enough and worth for documentation without any delay. It is not wrong to say that many traditional uses are safe with them in original form and unfortunately they are not willing to transfer it to their young generation. In such condition I feel lucky that they feel comfortable while interactions with me and share their knowledge.

In previous research articles I have written a lot on sex tonic and aphrodisiac formulations for males. The Healers of Rajnandgaon region are aware of unique herbal combination specially useful for females. In this herbal combination they add 13 types of herbs. Roots of all herbs are used. In this combination roots of white flowered Bariyara and Kevatch play central role. Before collecting roots they treat the plants with herbal solutions and through this Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge enrich it with medicinal properties. The combination is added in Bukni Bhat. Although Healers of modern age are recommending any type of rice for preparation of Bhat but earlier the Healers were preferring only early maturing i.e. Haruna rice types of indigenous origin. In general fistful combination is mixed in Bhat and users are suggested to consume it. Its use up to a week starts showing its miraculous effects. The Healers are not in favor of its long-term use. They prepare it by themselves and give it to the users. But in general the users hesitate to ask for this combination. Common natives even avoid discussing about it openly. This hesitation has made this combination useless. According to senior Healers in early days they were giving it to the rich natives. They see its scope as wedding gift. I have mentioned in previous research articles that traditionally many types of herbal gifts are given to newly wed couples for this purpose but in general these gifts are for male partners. No one cares about female partners. Many Healers informed that many traders approached to them to buy complete formulation but they refused. They are much worried about its possible misuse. They are not wrong. They further informed that this herbal combination is boon for the female natives having poor sexual desire. For them it is not less than wonder medicine. During surveys I saw combination but failed to interview the users to know about its effects.

When we started discussion on forgotten formulations the Healers of Durg region informed about use of Pakar tree. According to them latex of this tree is useful for skin related troubles especially common itch and ringworm. It is not in use as natives manage this trouble with the help of common weed like Charota successfully. Also many natives are allergic to this latex. They further informed about use of latex and other plant parts in order to hasten the process of childbirth. It is effective but according to Healers they prefer use of medicinal weed Chirchita. This is the reason that both traditional uses are not in use these days. Pakar trees are common and well known in the region. I am documenting these forgotten uses for future generation.

The senior Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains having expertise in treatment of mental sickness never miss to collect seeds of medicinal weeds Chirchita and Kukronda. Besides internal treatment of patients they use these seeds externally in different way. They collect the fallen Pipal and Ama twigs and burn it. In flames seeds of both weeds are added and fumes are directed towards patients. They informed that fumes are beneficial in this trouble. It is done twice a day specially after giving internal medicines. Both internal as well as external treatments help the patients to get rid from such troubles effectively in very less time.

During surveys I showed pictures of unidentified medicinal herbs to them and asked about its local names and uses. They identified many herbs and informed about its rare uses. It seems that they are glad that someone from modern generation is taking keen interest in their knowledge. It is good sign for me.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia

Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1793&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Last year when I reached to Janjgir-Champa region in search of medicinal herb Jhagadhin I got not only this herb but also lot of information about its traditional medicinal uses. Although common natives avoid growing this herb in or around their houses but the Traditional Healers are aware of medicinal properties of its all parts. They keep this information with them. They know that it is very toxic herb and its judicious use is required. If they popularize its use then common natives will start self-medication and it may lead to wrong use of this poisonous herb. They prepare over 20 types of medicinal oils from tubers of this herb. In 5 types of oils the tubers are used as only ingredient whereas in other oils they use it in combination with other herbs. In many oils they add medicinal insects also. They claimed that many times oils having medicinal insects cause allergies but when insects are used with this herb it nullifies these harmful effects. Different oils are used for different purposes. From face care to treatment of elephantiasis these oil are used externally. In most of the cases the Healers use these oils by their own hands. In this way the method of application of oils also play important role in treatment. Among these oils they are having special oil to provide normal shape to poorly developed breast. But since long time the Healers of this region have not used it as no patient has contacted so far for this oil. I am aware that in modern world there is very high demand of such products. During surveys they showed me oil useful in treatment of pimples common in young age but as other promising as well as safe alternatives are available they use it less commonly. They further informed that increasing demand of this herb in national and international markets has put some pressure on its natural population in this region. They have seen traders asking for this herb especially for its seeds. They are not aware that why seeds are in more demand than tubers. The senior Healers informed that many wild animals especially monkeys are aware of medicinal properties of this herb. They have seen its use by these creatures many times while visits to nearby forest. None of the oil prepared by them are not available in market as commercial products. I have seen many of

these oils with the Herb Vendors of this region but they keep it in very little amount. Many Healers are aware of Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge to enrich this medicinal herb with medicinal properties but most of the Healers use it without this treatment. Through recent interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region I have collected many interesting information related to medicinal herbs. I am giving details in present article.

For the patients having Insomnia they give small packet prepared from cotton cloth with instruction to keep it in touch with head while making effort to get sleep. When I examined this packet I found root pieces of many herbs in it. There were ten types of roots in packet given to me. I identified few as roots of Chirchita, Sahadevi, Nirgundi and Bael. The Healers refused to give any information on this aspect. Many roots were having sweet aroma. These four herbs identified by me are used separately for this purpose in form of locket or herbal Mala by the Traditional Healers of different arts of Chhattisgarh but its use in form of combination is new information for me. When I interacted with the patients getting benefit from this packet they informed that it is aroma of herbs responsible for inducing sleep. When packet is kept at some distance from head then it fails to give the desirable results. It means alone aroma is not playing central role. I see it as boon for the modern natives having every thing except sound sleep.

Like other parts of Chhattisgarh the Traditional Healers of this region are also aware of medicinal uses of red velvet mite. They use it both internally as well as externally. It was great to note that they were using this mite in same way as the Healers of other regions use. I have written a lot on this aspect in my previous research articles. The senior Healers of Champa city informed about its unique use. I have mentioned in previous research articles that in form of oil this mite is massaged on paralyzed body parts. The nature of oil is hot and its regular use gives miraculous effects. According to the Healers of this region for such patients this mite can be used in other way also. They collect so many dry mites and burn it. Patients are advised to inhale the medicated fumes. In order to suppress its odd smell many times aromatic herbs like Bach are added with it. After burning ash is collected and with cow milk it is given internally to same patients. They claimed that use of same mite in different ways for one disease helps in curing this trouble effectively in less time. Although not in bulk but in small scale this mite is collected for trade from this region. Instead of purchasing it from local herb shops they collect it from its natural population. It helps in collection of medicinally rich mites.

At different stages of pregnancy the Healers of this region are in favor of judicious use of roots of fruit tree Nimbu. They claimed that this use protects unborn from diseases. In general they use new roots in combination with cow milk. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Healers of Bagbahera region use this root in order to get female child. The Healers of Janjgir-

Champa are not convinced with this claim.

The above-mentioned information about medicinal herbs and mites is very valuable. Although I have written less about traditional knowledge present in this region but I am hoping that in coming surveys I will get enough time to meet and interact with these real health experts.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1795&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing In general Jam is known and grown for its delicious fruits but during recent surveys I got information of traditional medicinal uses of its different plant parts by the natives as well as Traditional Healers of different parts of Indian state Chhattisgarh. They use Jam flowers, roots, bark and even insects attacking on it as medicine alone or in combination with other herbs. I am giving details in present article.

The Traditional Healers of Durg region informed that they add freshly collected Jam flower in herbal combination used to treat Migraine. The patients are advised to inhale the smell of this combination. With Jam flowers over 18 types of flowers are added in this combination but central role is played by Jam flowers. The Healers of Bilaspur region use it in treatment of Insomnia. I have mentioned in previous research articles that patients having Insomnia are instructed by the Healers to massage Til oil on soles before going to bed. This application results in sound sleep. It is also used as home remedy and in general this simple treatment gives immense relief to such patients. But in many cases this simple use fails to give the desired effects. In such cases the Healers add more herbs in it. Jam flowers are one of these herbs. After adding fresh Jam flowers Til oil is boiled and when all watery contents evaporate boiling is stopped and after filtration special oil is kept for future use. Many Healers are in favor of addition of Kapoor in it in order to increase its efficacy. The Healers of Ambikapur region are also aware of use of Jam flowers as medicine. They add it in special herbal oil as main ingredient, used externally in treatment of Epilepsy. Although Jam flower is not in commercial trade but it is collected in small scale by the experts aware of its use.

In reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India the use of Jam Murabba in treatment of Ulcerative Colitis has been mentioned. The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains suggest their patient to use Jam fruits round the year as supplement along with main treatment of this trouble. As Jam fruits are not available round the year its use in form of Murabba is suggested. In early days use of sun dried Jam fruit pieces was common during off-season but now it is not used in this way. Although many improved varieties are under cultivation in

Chhattisgarh but Healers prefer traditional types as medicine.

As home remedy like natives of other parts of India the natives of Chhattisgarh also use Jam leaves in treatment of mouth related troubles. They either chew its new leaves or gargle with leaf decoction. The senior natives of Southern Chhattisgarh suggest its use in different way especially at advanced stages of trouble. They collect flower heads of rare white flowered Akarkara and Jam leaves and put these ingredients inside routine Paan leaf. Paan is kept in mouth in way so that its juice can get opportunity to spread inside mouth. Through this way the patients having mouth ulcers feel much relief and get rid from it in very less time. The use of Jam leaves in this way has yet not been reported in reference literatures.

The patients having fever due to Tonsillitis are suggested by the Healers of Northern Chhattisgarh to collect leaves of three herbs and extract juice. The internal use of this juice at frequent interval provides much relief to them. These three herbs are Jam, Tulsi and Adusa. All leaves are taken in equal proportion but many times proportion of Jam leaves is kept at higher side. When I discussed this combination with the Healers of Bilaspur region they informed that they add Neem leaf juice in this combination and use it for same purpose. The Healers of Gariaband region use it in different way. Instead of extracting juice they mix all leaves and boil it in water to prepare decoction. Patients are advised to gargle with this decoction. It is used as supplement treatment along with main treatment of Tonsillitis.

Although the use of Jam seeds is not considered useful for general health and modern literatures mention that it can cause appendicitis but in early days these seeds were in use as medicine in Durg region. The senior natives informed that in early days the Healers were collecting seeds to convert it in to fine powder. When patients having loose motions due to spicy and oily food were approaching to Healers, they were giving this powder to mix it with hot Bhat and Dahi and consume. According to the senior natives this combination not only stops the loose motion but also beneficial for digestive system. Unfortunately the Healers of present generation are not using it. Many of them are aware of it. They confirmed its efficacy but as other promising alternatives are available they use it less commonly. I would like to mention here that its use with early maturing rice types is considered more effective.

The reference literatures are full of information about medicinal properties and uses of Jam. I have also written a lot on its different aspects in my previous research articles. But it seems that much knowledge is still in undocumented form. Present article is supplement to early articles.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1798&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Pankaj Oudhia

Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing In general common natives of Indian state Chhattisgarh never miss the chance to consume wild fruits available in surroundings. Although most of them consume it for its taste but many of them are aware of its beneficial effects also. Many times they avoid routine meals and pass whole day consuming these fruits. They believe that the over doses are free from any harm. But it is not true with all wild fruits. Fortunately the Traditional Healers of different parts of the state are aware of it. By experience they are aware about bad effects of over use of different fruits as well as common herbs in any form. These effects may last up to short time or long time. Many times after examine the patients they suggest them to stop use of specific herb. I have mentioned in previous research articles that in general the patients having problem of Leucoderma are fond of Bhata especially in form of curry. The Healers consider it responsible for aggravation of trouble. Such patients are strictly suggested to avoid its use during medication. Most of the time the aggravation checks simply by stopping its use. Although the reference literatures as well as Traditional Healers are having rich knowledge about bad effects of over use of herbs but common natives are not aware of it. There is need to create awareness that herbs are not beneficial in all doses. Through recent surveys I collected many interesting information on this aspect. I am giving details in present article. This article is supplement to previous articles written on this aspect.

The natives of rural and forest regions consume Tendu and Chirai Jam fruits during season. Its consumption is considered beneficial for natives of all age group. Tendu fruits are oleaginous, heating, astringent to bowels, cures ulcers, diseases of blood, urinary losses and stone in urinary tract. The fruits are aphrodisiac and tonic also. The Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region informed that over use of Tendu fruits is curse for the patients having heart troubles. They are suggested to consume it in little amount especially during daytime and after meals. Its consumption during evening time results in harmful effects. They claimed that even n case of normal person excess of this fruit may result in pain in heart. Chirai Jam is considered useful in treatment of Diabetes. Modern experts also support its use. As result the patients consume it in bulk during rainy season. Although its use during season is mentioned in ancient literatures but in dry form it is used round the year. Most of the patients living in urban areas consider that its use in large amount up to long time can cure Diabetes. It is not true. Like Tendu over use of this fruit is also not considered good for heart patients. The Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains informed me about it. They added that its over use many times results in mild fever and also disturbs the digestive systems.

In many parts of Chhattisgarh Kheksi fruits are consumed as vegetable. The Traditional Healers of Bastar region support its consumption in limited amount as over use especially up to long time is considered as root cause of poor nervous system. It reduces the vitality of nerves. The Healers of Kanker region consider it harmful for the patients having different types of paralysis. The Healers of Durg region suggest the natives of all age group to avoid its over use. Instead of vegetable they consider it more as medicine and according to them every medicine must be used in standard doses in order to get real benefit and minimum harm.

The common natives are careless about use of Neem plant parts. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Healers of Chhattisgarh believe that long-term use of Neem results in development of sterility. Also its use results in many diseases. Natives using Neem since long time react very slowly as well as lately to other herbs given as medicine. During time of emergency this slow response leads to harmful consequences. During recent surveys the Healers of Bilaspur region informed that use of Neem leaf juice up to long time specially during winter results in brain related troubles which start from sharp pain. Although they have treated very few patients having troubles due to excess use of Neem but they warn the natives to be careful even while using this herb in little amount. During rainy season Kareer collected from Bans is used by the natives of Chhattisgarh in different parts as vegetable and also in other forms. The Healers of Bastar region consider its excess consumption harmful for patients having history of neuralgic pain. Many of them claimed that addition of Haldi while cooking it, increases the chances of this trouble as this combination is harmful. This was new information for me.

For dryness of skin and cracks in sole and palm in general Homoeopaths give Natrum Mur. i.e. salt of sodium, as it is considered responsible for these problems. When it is given in little amount in potensized form it cures the troubles caused by its excess. The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains are also aware of this fact. This is the reason such patients are advised to stop over use of salt in meals in order to reduce the intensity of trouble. Patients having other skin troubles like itch are also suggested to use salt in limited amount.

The Healers of Ambikapur region consider Kumhda fruit in any form harmful for the patients having respiratory troubles. The Healers of Gariaband region consider excess of Chironji harmful for patients having these troubles. They accept that in lower amount it gives beneficial effects. In general in herbal combinations available in markets as commercial product as sex tonic Satavar is used as important ingredient. The users take it twice a day up to many years. They commonly complain about increasing intensity of respiratory troubles. Over use of Satavar is one of the reasons responsible for it. The Healers having expertise in treatment of Leucoderma

informed that Satavar is given as female tonic also. Its over use in case of lactating women many times results in this trouble both in new borne and in them. I feel that there is need for detailed research on this aspect under frame of modern science.

If you are shocked while reading this article then there is no harm. At least now you will not use herbs without taking advice of experts. There is long list of herbs the Healers are having with its beneficial as well as harmful effects. Their this claim is powerful that by consuming healthy food and herbs in wrong way we get lots of diseases. In modern world in the name of herbs and herbal products lot of choices with big claims are among us. Mother Nature has given us these herbs for welfare not for making us sick. Now it depends on us that how we prefer to use it.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh.

Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1801&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Although the Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains have yet not coined the local name of medicinal weed Trichodesma indicum and have kept it in the common category for all weeds i.e. Van Kachra but they are aware of its valuable medicinal properties. They use its all parts both internally as well as externally in treatment of common diseases. The Healers of Durg region use whole herb collected before flowering in treatment of skin troubles. It is added it herbal oil used externally to treat ringworm. In this oil Neem and Genda leaves are added as other ingredients. In this region I found this weed growing in crop bunds and wastelands. It grows with other weeds and smothers the growth of grassy weeds. The Healers avoid collecting this herb growing in Lateritic soil, as they believe that this soil reduces medicinal properties of this herb. Also when it grows with Alternanthera its collection from such places is avoided. The Healers tried to explain that when it grows with Alternanthera its all energy utilizes in competition and such less vigorous plant is considered useless as medicine. They added that since few decades the infestation of this weed has increased many folds in different parts. Although Alternanthera is also used as medicine but it is used less commonly. Its presence and competition with medicinal weeds are creating problem for the Traditional Healers. The Healers of Bilaspur region showed me a beetle feeding on this weed. Although the feeding rate is very slow but they are considering it as important bio-agent. I am trying to establish its identity. The Healers of Bastar region doesn't keep Trichodesma in category of weed as it grows in less number in surroundings. They

consider it as Mother Nature's gift for the patients having poor vitality. They add its roots as well as flowers in herbal combinations used as tonic. It is rarely used as single remedy. According to the Healers its use as single remedy results in many harmful effects. This is the reason it is used with herbs having capacity to nullify its harmful effects. Trichodesma growing in moist places is not considered good for collection. They collect it from dry place. When it grows with Doobi it is considered best for collection. They believe that like other herbs Doobi also enriches this herb with medicinal properties. You will be surprised to know that this herb is having adverse effect on Doobi and this is the reason the Healers avoid collection of Doobi when it grows with Trichodesma. It is deep Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge and I consider it very useful to understand Mother Nature and its components. I always suggest young researchers to study such Allelopathic associations with full faith on Healers. Through recent surveys I got many interesting information about medicinal uses of weeds present in our surroundings. I have written much about these weeds in previous research articles. This article is supplement to previous research articles.

The use of Tridax in treatment of external bleeding is well known as well as well documented. The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains use it as primary medicine in treatment of internal bleeding also. They use flowers as well as leaves for this purpose. Both herb parts are crushed to extract juice. The patients are given this juice with Honey internally. The Healers claimed that if it is not serious bleeding then with the help of this simple treatment patients get much relief but when this combination fails to give the desired effects then they use herbal combinations having number of herbs. In these combinations Tridax is also added but in place of leaves and flowers roots are added. Shade dried roots are added in powder form. The Healers of Durg region consider it as promising blood purifier. Although it is used less commonly as they have other promising alternatives but as emergency medicine they prefer its use as it grows everywhere in surroundings. The senior Healers of Raipur region consider Tridax growing with Untkatara rich in medicinal properties. Its association with Blumea is also considered useful. Both Untkatara and Blumea are winter season weeds. Among rainy season weeds Tridax growing with Siliyari and Doobi is considered medicinally rich. They are aware that when these herbs are collected at commercial level the collectors ignore such selection criteria. As result the same herbs available in market or in form of commercial products fail to give the desired effects.

The Healers of Northern Chhattisgarh use the roots of medicinal weed Sonchus arvensis in treatment of Insomnia. It is added in herbal combinations used for this purpose. The Healers of Bagbahera region informed that in early days its flowers were in use in treatment of body pain. It is used externally with other flowers. The combination is boiled in water and medicated vapor is directed towards painful parts. Whole herb collected at just beginning of flowering is used by the Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains in treatment of open wound. It is applied with other herbs in form

of paste. Many Healers use it as single remedy with cow urine in treatment of skin diseases. Its use in treatment of Asthma is popular among the Healers of Narharpur region. Although this herb grows in abundance as winter season weed and Traditional Healers are having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about it but it is not in trade. The Healers of Durg region informed that due to increasing infestation of Alternanthera, Parthenium and Sole grass in bunds and wastelands it is becoming to hard to get healthy Sonchus plants.

Few months back a student from Sri Lanka working on Allelopathy wrote to me that he is not getting same results of Allelopathic experiments in lab, pot culture and field and this is the reason he is loosing interest in this field. It is not his fault. Most of the Allelopathic studies are done in wrong way. Without knowing the actual Allelopathy in natural system the researchers take few seeds and apply extracts or leachate in it. After taking observations up to few days they analyze the results and draw the conclusion. Then they expect same results in Natural condition. In lab few factors work but in Nature thousands of factors work in different combination and permutation. In most of the cases they have pressure of seniors to adjust the research findings in one direction. When researchers get new results they are forced to manipulate the data as per previous results published in journals. I have also done it during my college project and early work but when I got admission in Mother Nature's experimental field I got real information about Allelopathy. Here seniors are Traditional Healers who have nothing to do with publication of research papers. They practice the science of Allelopathy to save lives. There is no scope for manipulation. I feel instead of conducting false experiments in labs and publishing research papers new researchers must be encouraged to study Allelopathy in place where it exists.

Through my writings I am trying my best to document the unique observations on this aspect in its original form so that it can generate interest in young researchers.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1803&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author.

Traditional Healing The Traditional Healers of Gariaband-Mainpur regions when select the trees of Beeja for collection of bark, wood, leaves or other parts they adopt special criteria. Now only senior Healers are practicing the traditional knowledge related to selection of medicinal rich trees and young researchers are taking less interest in it. I have mentioned in previous research articles that in general Beeja wood is used in treatment of Diabetes. Either wood pieces are dipped in water over night and next morning leachate are given internally empty stomach to the patients or many Healers prepare Herbal Glasses from it to use it in same way. The Healers of this region prefer the collection of wood from Beeja tree growing near Karra tree population. They have marked many such spots in nearby forest. They believe that Karra trees play important role in enriching Beeja with medicinal properties specifically properties useful in treatment of Diabetes. While recent surveys I found a Healer collecting plant parts from tree having Karra plants very near to base. The Healers of Barnawapara Wildlife Sanctuary are also aware of this association. When they use Beeja plant parts as memory tonic they prefer spots having Char, Kalmi, Tendu and Parsa population. They claimed that all these trees are having capacity to enrich each other with medicinal properties. They consider it at Mother Nature's arrangement. The Healers of Kanker region use Beeja plant parts in treatment of constipation. They prefer the spots where Beeja trees grow with population of Meetha Indrajau trees. I would like to mention here once more that the Healers of Narharpur region use Mitha Indrajau plant in treatment of Sickle Cell Anaemia. They prefer the collection of seeds from plant growing near Beeja trees and consider it rich in medicinal properties for this purpose. As researcher I am aware that these criteria are based on Allelopathic association that exists among plants in natural ecosystem. The Healers don't believe in explanation. They adopt it as traditional practice and through this knowledge they get plant parts rich in medicinal properties. Through recent surveys I collected interesting as well as important information on this aspect. I am giving details in present article.

In general Koha trees growing in group are preferred for the collection of its plant parts. The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains name such spots as 'Koha or Kahua Van'. Such spots are considered as hot spots for ground water. In such spots many types of herbs also grow. Most of these herbs are known as wasteland weeds locally. Sarphonk is one of these weeds. Sarphonk is considered beneficial for Koha trees. When Healers fail to locate such spots then they prepare herbal extract from this weed and treat Koha trees with it one week before collection of its plant parts. It is applied many times preferably during morning hours. The Healers of Dhamtari region are in favor of using Koha trees growing in bunds of rice fields. They prefer the collection of Koha tree having Sarphonk, Charota, Kolhi-Kekdi and Kaua-Kaini population in surroundings. Rice fields where modern agrochemicals are used in bulk are not preferred for collection of plant parts. I have mentioned in previous research articles that Bhimbhora i.e. Termite mound near Koha tree is considered promising spot for ground water. Koha plant parts collected from such spots are also considered rich in medicinal properties. The Healers of Bilaspur region prefer such

spots.

The Healers of Narharpur region consider the association of Kumhi and Char beneficial to each other. They use Kumhi roots in treatment of blood related troubles. Root from Kumhi growing naturally near Char is collected and many times kept under Char tree up to many nights. The Healers of Kanker region suggest use of Char in treatment of Urticaria. When Char is collected for this specific purpose they prefer Char trees growing near Rohan and Kumhi trees.

The Healers of Pendra as well as Ambikapur regions consider the association of Kurru and Parsa useful. It is considered more beneficial for Parsa rather than for Kurru. The Healers informed that it enriches leaves as well as flowers with medicinal properties. The Healers of Southern Chhattisgarh using rare yellow Parsa in treatment of complicated diseases are not aware of this association. As its occurrence is very rare they have no choice and they ignore selection criteria.

The Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region informed that Mokhla population near old Bar or Pipal trees is considered especially rich in medicinal properties. During surveys they showed me many spots having this combination. Mokhla is not considered beneficial for these large trees. The Healers of Raipur region are also aware of it. The Healers of Durg region use Bar leachate in order to enrich white flowered Mokhla with medicinal properties.

Although I have written a lot on these Allelopathic associations in my previous research articles and information given in this article is supplement to previous articles but it seems that it is like a drop in ocean. There is need to document all the information before we loose the generation of senior Healers. Young researchers reading this article are requested to join this work of documentation.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp..

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1804&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees. Pankaj Oudhia

Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing In general the natives of Indian state Chhattisgarh use Triphala powder having fruits of Terminalia chebula, Terminalia bellirica and Emblica officinalis for eye care. They mix this powder in water and keep combination as such whole night. Next morning after filtration it is used to wash eyes. Its regular use keeps eyes free from different diseases. It is also used in treatment. The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India are full of information on this aspect. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Traditional Healers consider Ark of medicinal herb Gulbakawali useful for same purpose. It is applied once in a day into eyes in order to keep it disease free. During recent surveys the Traditional Healers of Gariaband region informed that they have promising alternatives of Triphala and Gulbakawali Ark. They suggested use of fruit pulp of wild Ziziphus. It is locally known as Van Boir. It grows as wasteland plant and natives especially children consume its fruits with much taste. In traditional systems of medicine different plant parts of this Boir are considered useful as medicine. For its use in eye troubles the Healers suggest direct application of pulp from matured fruit in to eyes. They claimed that its regular use prevents almost all troubles and also improves vision. As it is available only during specific time of year its round the year use is not possible. The Healers consider its use twice a day during availability period enough for rest of the year. The Healers of Durg region are also aware of its use but they suggest its use with fruit juice of Darmi. This juice is directly applied in to eyes. They suggest the natives to apply Darmi and Boir alternatively in different weeks. Darmi is well known plant in Chhattisgarh and in general it is planted in Badi for its fruits. I have mentioned in previous research articles that Darmi leaves are used in form of paste in treatment of eye pain. The Healers of Bilaspur region consider the use of Boir fruit pulp effective with Gulbakawali Ark. I am aware that for common natives it is hard to get costly Gulbakawali ark and Darmi fruit juice for application in eyes daily but the use of Boir pulp is possible for them. I feel that there is need to popularize this simple use among the natives of urban regions so that they can get maximum advantage from herbs present in surroundings.

The Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains informed about new uses of Van Boir. They collect black soil and young leaves of Van Boir and with the help of well water prepare a thick paste. The patients having blood related troubles are suggested to apply this paste on sole and palms and after drying wash it. This procedure is repeated many times in a day. They claim that in this way this combination removes extra heat from patient's body, which is responsible for such troubles. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Healers use fresh juice of Van Boir leaves in treatment of fever. Its application reduces high temperature. It is also used as Bambri leaves for burning sensation in extremities. But its use with Black soil for this trouble is

new information for me. When I shared this information with the Healers of Kanker region they informed about another similar use. They collect the soil from the shade of old Pipal tree and add it with bark of Kutaj tree and Van Boir leaves. Thick past is prepared and applied on extremities in same way. This application is considered as boon for the patients having Leucoderma and associated troubles. Few minutes after application of this paste, patients feel bitter taste in tongue. This bitterness indicates that the combination is working. According to the Healers all ingredients in this combination play vital role and it is incomplete in absence of any of the ingredient. Leaves of Cultivated Boir are not used of this purpose. The Healers of Bastar region use the combination of soil collected from shade of Sal tree in combination with Van Boir leaves in treatment of skin diseases. It is used at advanced stage. They claim that in most of the cases this external use cures the trouble but in rare cases it is used along with internal treatment.

The patients having liver related troubles due to excess alcoholism are suggested to consume leaves of Van Boir with curd as supplement treatment. The consumption of matured fruits during season is also considered useful. The senior Healers of Narharpur region informed that patients when use Van Boir plant parts along with passing much time near to its old trees get maximum benefit. It is related to Tree Shade Therapy concept. I am aware that for modern natives it is not feasible and also we are not having Herbal Resorts having different groups of plants for different types of patients but from documentation point of view it is important information.

The senior Healers of Narharpur region are having in depth knowledge about trees useful in Tree Shade Therapy. According to them fruits of Chirai Jam tree growing near river or other water sources, locally known as Nadia Jamun are very beneficial for women in pregnancy. They claim that its regular use by them during pregnancy period results in healthy children and such children have lesser chances of getting Diabetes. There is no doubt in it that food and fruits used during pregnancy have important role. Modern science also accepts it. I feel that it is very important information and there is need to conduct clinical trials to provide scientific base to this traditional knowledge. The Healers further informed that the patients having respiratory troubles must plant many plants of Darmi in Badi. They suggest such patients to pass much time especially during morning, near to these plants in order to get its beneficial effects.

The above-mentioned traditional medicinal uses of common fruit trees viz. Van Boir, Chirai Jam and Darmi are very important. I have written much on these fruit trees in previous research articles. This article is supplement to previous research articles.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates.

Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses

of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of

rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia

Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1825&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Although it is hard to get Harpharevadi in wild but the Traditional Healers of Indian state Chhattisgarh have kept its name in the list of wild fruits useful for common natives. In general they suggest to include these wild fruits in their daily life in order to remain free from diseases round the year. They are much worried by seeing the changing food habits of natives of present generation living in urban regions. Although they are suggesting the use of wild fruits since many decades but I feel it more relevant in modern days when awareness about the use of fruits for good health has increased in modern natives and they are consuming more and more fruits. In Chhattisgarh you will find local markers full of fruits. Fruits are now available in cheaper rates as modern agriculture has reduced its cost. But unfortunately these fruits are not beneficial for health as these are grown through chemical farming methods and most of growers grow it by using heavy amount of pesticides and other chemical inputs. The Healers are aware of this fact. That is why they consider modern fruits as sweet poison. In rural markets you can still find wild fruits but in urban markets it is hard to get it. When I suggest the natives to consume wild fruits like Bael, Kaitha, Boir etc. they simply raise question about the availability. They are interested in these wild fruits but this constraint is stopping them to use it. I feel that our increasing force of unemployed youths can take this task in their hands. They can participate in promotion and popularization of these wild fruits that are not only cheap but also free from pesticides. So few lines back we were discussing about Harpharevadi. I am coning back to the topic. In general its fruits are considered useful for the natives of all age group but natives having rheumatism and associated troubles are suggested by the Healers to consume it in little amount. This fruits is considered useful for the patients having Renal Calculi. The Healers claim that its regular use prevents the formation of Renal Calculi. In Chhattisgarh plains groundwater is rich in Calcium. The natives using this water get many health troubles although these troubles are not very

serious. For the natives living in this area seasonal use of Harpharevadi fruits helps in reducing the intensity of such troubles. It is very important information. I feel that there is need for scientific attention on this aspect.

The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains use all parts of this herb as medicine. During recent surveys they informed that when patients approach to them after taking modern drugs in order to purify their body they use bark of this herb. Bark is given with curd many times in day. It results in loose motion and through it they believe that all toxin and residues of modern drugs flush out. The Healers of Southern Chhattisgarh are also aware of this use. In general they use the toxic seeds of Ranijada in limited amount but many times in order to reduce its toxicity and increase the effects they use it with Harpharevadi bark. While use of this combination patients are suggested to take combination of cooked rice i.e. Bhat and cow ghee in large amount. Many times rice is given with curd also. The Healers of Ambikapur region are also aware of this use but they use it for other purpose. When natives consume toxic substances specially Datura seeds and approach to the Healers they use many types of bark in order to induce loose motions. Harpharevadi is one of these barks. It is used less commonly. But they confirmed its beneficial effects.

During recent surveys I got additional information on traditional medicinal uses of different parts of Parsa tree also. I have mentioned in previous research articles that patients having worm related problem are suggested by the Healers to use medicinal weed Bathua in any form during winter season and its use in form of Paratha is preferred. I have also mentioned that the combination of Parsa seeds and Baibirang is useful for the same trouble. The Healers of Bilaspur region informed that both uses are having limitations. The use of Bathua in form of Paratha is slower in effect and it is useful for common natives not for the old patients. The combination of Parsa and Baibirang is not suitable to all patients. Many patients react very badly from it. This is the reason they suggest the patients to collect seeds from old Parsa tree and add it in powder form with Bathua and then use both herbs in form of Paratha. This combination is given as supplement treatment throughout winter season. Its off-season use is not allowed. The use of this combination is also considered beneficial for the patients having problem of Leucoderma.

The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains claim that they can treat most of the common gynecological troubles especially at initial stages with the help of combination having Jason flower bud and Parsa pod powder. They informed about over 50 herbal combinations used for these troubles. These herbal combinations are considered incomplete without these herbs. It was new information for me. Out of all troubles they use this combination most commonly in treatment of Amenorrhoea.

In case of painful boils in general natives use Black soil in form of thick paste. This paste is applied on Boils and in most of the cases by taking its heat this application cures the trouble. But many times when this soil fails to give desirable effects the Traditional Healers suggest the patients to bring soil at the base of naturally growing Parsa tree. Morning time is preferred, as presence of dew on soil is considered beneficial along with soil. This soil is used in same way and Healers claim that it gives better results than common black soil. The senior Healers of Bagbahera region informed that the soil adhered on roots of old Parsa tree possess miraculous healing properties. It is used along with life saving herbs internally. I have yet not seen its practical uses.

This additional information about Harpharevadi and Parsa is valuable. I have yet not found many of it in reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India. It seems that this research article is first written document on this aspect.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees.

Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1828&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing

In case of severe toothache the Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh suggest patients to burn seeds of medicinal weed Bhatkatiya and direct the medicated fumes towards painful teeth. I have mentioned it in my previous research articles. But many times this use fails to give the desired effects. In such case the Healers of Southern Chhattisgarh add flower heads of Akarkara with these seeds. The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains prefer addition of medicinal herb Ajmod. It seeds are added. Initially it is added in little amount but gradually they increase its proportion. This increase is continued till complete cure. The combination is Bhatkatiya and Ajmod is considered useful not only for toothache but also to heal decayed teeth. The Healers boil both herb parts and prepare decoction. This decoction is used in form of gargle. I have found it superior to mouth fresheners available in market with odd smell as well as sharp taste, many times having potential to damage inner linings of mouth. Although the Healers depend on herb vendors coming from other states for supply of Ajmod plant parts but they use it commonly in combination with local herbs in order to increase its efficacy. Through recent Ethnobotanical surveys I have collected interesting information on this aspect. I am giving details in present article.

As home remedy the senior natives of Chhattisgarh use Kerosene oil locally known as Mitti Ka Tel in treatment of worm especially in case of children. Cotton dipped in this oil is kept at the opening of anus at night and next morning all worms come out. It is simple but very effective treatment. It is useful even in case of adults. I have written in detail about this simple treatment in my previous research articles. During recent interactions the Healers of Ambikapur region informed that they use seeds of Ajmod in same way. They dip Cotton bud in decoction of seeds and keep it in opening in same way. It is less effective but it is popular among them. When I informed about the simple use of Kerosene oil they tried it with Ajmod and as expected got promising results. Instead of using both remedies at a time they used it in alternate days. They are getting good results. In reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India especially in Ayurveda use of medicated fumes of Ajmod seeds for same trouble has been mentioned. Its use in form of paste is also mentioned. But the way through which Healers are using it is new information. When I shared this information with the Healers of Orissa during recent interactions they suggested the use of Hing and Ajmod in this way instead of its use with Kerosene oil.

During visit to Melas in Chhattisgarh Plains I interacted with the Herb Sellers selling Ajmod in bulk, I shared information about use of Mooli leaves in any form beneficial for the patients having Renal Calculi. They added that use of Ajmod seeds with Mooli increases the performance of Mooli. This use is mentioned in reference literatures. It shows its effectiveness that this combination is in tip of the tongue of herb sellers. In general Ajmod is used alone and in combination with local herbs to flush out Renal Calculi but the senior Healers of Bagbahera region consider that its regular use in little amount especially with cow milk up to long time

prevents formation of Calculi again. Its use in this way is having other health benefits also.

The Healers of Bilaspur region grow this herb in their Badi for use of soil collected from its root zone. They spray herbal combination having Haldi and rice water on these plants one week before collection of soil. They believe that this application forces the plants to exude natural chemicals into the soil. In little amount this soil is added in over 16 herbal formulations. Its use in treatment of old wound is popular among them. The Healers of this region treating cancer patients use many herbs in treatment of severe body ache common during this trouble. In general they use leaves of Nirgundi. Ajmod seeds and leaves, if available are also added as important ingredient. The use of Ajmod seeds by spreading it on patient's bed is mentioned in reference literatures but it is suggested for body ache due to heavy physical exertion. The Healers of Chhattisgarh don't use it in this way. They boil the herbal combination and medicated fumes are directed towards different body parts. This use gives much relief to such patients. According to the Healers these fumes are beneficial for skin also.

After any shocking incidence when available remedies fail to provide relief to the patients the Healers of Chhattisgarh prepare special herbal decoction for them. In this decoction root of medicinal rice Udanpakheru, Urai and roots of Ajmod are added. Hot decoction is given to patients twice a day with instruction to take it sip by sip. It acts in miraculous ways. Many times they use this combination in other way. This combination is burnt and patients are suggested to inhale the fumes. It is also used in form of Chilam. According to the Healers this use requires much caution as over use or dose may results in harmful consequences.

In market number of products having Ajmod are available. The Healers are not aware of these products. Many are aware but they prefer to make combinations at their home. Through on-going surveys I am trying to collect more information on this herb.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp..

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia

Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1831&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 74. Additional information on use of Mainphal in treatment of Cancer. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing When cancer patients afraid of chemotherapy and radiation treatment approach to the Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh in order to stop the spread of cancer they use many types of herbs that are considered very toxic in general. They use it in combination and try their best to provide relief to the patients. They know the limitation of their treatment. That is why they never make big claims like quacks. They are aware that it is the disease with which experts around the world are fighting from long time with little success. They know that many times even modern therapies results in cancer like diseases. Although cancer is known since long time in Chhattisgarh and Healers are trying their knowledge about herbs to manage it but the Healers of present generation accept that problem is becoming more complicated and this is the reason they have to search new herbs and herbal combinations continuously to win the war against cancer. During recent surveys I got opportunity to meet and interact with the Healers treating cancer patients. These are the Healers who always have long queue of patients from different parts of India even from abroad and in most of the cases patients are not in condition to meet them and as results their relatives approach to them for taking medicines. It is always difficult to get time to interact with such Healers and most of them want to keep their traditional knowledge secret. From the Healers of Southern Chhattisgarh I got information on unique use of Mainphal in combination with other herbs. I am describing the whole process. They use fruit, roots and bark of Mainphal. By mixing over 35 types of bitter and toxic herbs they prepare herbal combination separately. At first Mainphal fruits are boiled and decoction is prepared. This freshly prepared decoction is given during morning hours. Then in this decoction few pinches of herbal combination is added and solution is boiled again. This new decoction is given one hour after first dose. After it Mainphal root specially its root bark is added in decoction and it is boiled again. This decoction is given one hour after the last dose. Then they add few pinches of herbal combination again in it and adopt the same procedure. Finally Mainphal bark is added. Every

dose is having interval of one hour. After completion of one cycle they interview the patient. If required the cycle is repeated once more in same day. Many times especially in advanced stages it is repeated many times even at night. The use is continued till cure. Although Healers want to keep the ingredients of herbal combination secret and from above mentioned description it seems that this herbal combination plays key role but according to the Healers it is not true. Herbal combination is added to increase the performance of Mainphal plant parts. Key role is played by Mainphal plant parts. They further informed that this herbal combination is having many herbs, which reduces the toxicity of this decoction. When I tried to taste it they stopped me strictly by saying that it is toxic for common natives. While this treatment patients are advised to take cow milk in good quantity. The Healers keep them under strict supervision. Many times they request the patients to urinate on specific herbs and by studying its growth they draw conclusions. In Badi they have planted many herbs for this purpose. Same herbs are not used for all patients. After treating one patient they dry the herbs and burn it. Ash is buried deep inside the soil. I am still trying to learn this way of Healing. Like you I was also having many questions while seeing this healing practice.

Is this practice useful for all the patients afraid of modern chemotherapy and radiation treatment? Their answer was negative. They informed that they use over 18 sets of such herbs and herbal combinations in general and use different sets by seeing and examine the patients. Patients having good vitality are only given this specific treatment. I have mentioned in previous research articles that once prepared decoction is never boiled again as it is considered toxic. I put this question among them. They replied that in general they never boil any decoction again and again but in this specific trouble as traditional practice they are adopting it without keeping any question in their mind.

When I asked a senior Healer that on how many patients you have tried this treatment successfully he replied many but all in early days. In present days cancer patients believe more on modern therapies even when the experts told them the truth that it is not curable. By keeping the patients in modern hospitals the relatives approach to the Healers for wonder drugs. This approach prevents the Healers to use their knowledge under strict supervision. Also relatives try different types of medicine from different sources and as I always write that lot of herbal combinations at one time make the condition more serious.

I feel that there is need to conduct systematic clinical trials by taking consent of Traditional Healers. The modern experts must keep their ego in side for a while and also same must be expected from the Healers for the sake of humanity. By this integrated research I am sure that we will be able provide relief to millions of sufferers.

During interactions the Healers of Southern Chhattisgarh they further informed that Mainphal is very useful plant although not much work has been on its medicinal properties and uses specially in context of different types of cancer. In my series on cancer herbs I have mentioned that the Healers of different regions use different parts of Mainphal separately in treatment of cancer both internally as well as externally. But its use in this unique way is new information. For the natives living in areas where cancer- like diseases are likely to affect healthy natives the Healers have special suggestions. They suggest regular use of Mainphal plant parts with cow milk under supervision of experts. Also they suggest to plant large number of Mainphal plants in such areas. You will agree with me that our modern cities come under such areas. I have never seen Mainphal in such cities planted for this specific purpose. Also it is not in the list of plants recommended for plantation in cancer generating polluting industries. A senior Healers said that common natives much apply its leaf use in their sole and palm every day for few minutes as sure protection against modern diseases including cancer. I am trying to get comments of Healers of other regions on this important aspect.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1832&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 75. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Potter Wasp Nest and Lac.

Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing For the patients having old problem of Insanity the Traditional Healers of Gariaband region use specific medicine. When I first saw it I thought that it is soil collected from wasteland. As you know different types of soils are used as medicine in treatment of many common as well as complicated diseases in the state. Soils are used alone and also in combination with medicinal herbs. The Healers of Gariaband region give aqueous solution of this soil to the patients during attack in order to calm down. During recent surveys when I asked about this special soil to them their reply shocked me. According to them it was not the soil collected from wasteland but it is nest of Potter Wasp. Like other parts of {{India}e, Potter Wasps are common in Chhattisgarh also. We all see it in our surroundings but the use of its nest, as medicine was new information for me. Later the Healers informed that they use it in treatment of many diseases both internally as well as externally. In general it is given in little amount. In case of Insanity only it is used in large amounts. They give emphasis in its judicious use. The senior Healers of this region informed that it is useful in treatment of respiratory troubles. They add it in over 12 herbal combinations commonly used in treatment of such diseases. They are much impressed by its role as expectorant with common herbs. This interesting information motivated me to gather comments of Healers of other parts of Chhattisgarh regarding this unique use.

The Healers of Kanker region showed ignorance towards this use. The Healers of Dhamtari region informed that they are aware of its use in treatment of blood related troubles and many of them add it in new formulations used in treatment of Sickle Cell Anaemia. The Healers of Northern Chhattisgarh use it internally along with medicinal herbs in treatment of hypertension. They are also in favor of its use in lower doses. The Healers of Bagbahera informed that it is useful externally in case of bite by poisonous insects. They also apply it to reduce pain in case of sting of bees. The Healers of Kondagaon region informed that in early days it was in use in number of diseases but the Healers of present generation use herbal alternatives. The Healers of Bilaspur region use it in treatment of obesity. It is mixed with sugar and Maida bark and given to patients as medicine. According to them its long time use helps in reducing extra body fat. It is given as supplement treatment to the heart patients. The Healers of Raigarh are aware of its use with medicinal herbs in pain management. These medicinal uses of nest of Potter wasp have yet not been reported. It is matter of proud for me that through this research article this important information is coming for the first time among world community. Through on-going surveys I am trying to get more information on this aspect.

Lac of Chhattisgarh is world famous. Every year it is collected for national and international markets and in general used for different industrial purposes. Many tree species support Lac insect population. In reference literatures related to different systems of medicine Lac collected from Pipal tree is considered rich in medicinal properties. In my previous research articles I have written a lot on traditional medicinal uses of Lac. During recent interactions with the Healers of Gariaband region I got additional information on use of Lac. I visited to them with the friend having Chronic Renal Failure. Modern experts were not much hopeful. After Nadi Parikshan as fist remedy the Healers gave was Lac. Later they informed that Lac is having immense potential to give new vigor to kidneys. It is boon for the patients having kidney related troubles. They gave 30 doses of Lac to him for a month with instruction to take it daily and don't take any other modern as well as traditional medicine. He followed it and as expected getting good results. For many natives it is hard to accept Lac as internal medicine. After all it is insect product. In such cases the Healers give it with medicinal herbs. In most of the combinations the role of herbs is limited as placebo. They are in favor of use of Lac as single remedy especially in case of kidney related troubles. As mentioned earlier nest of Potter Wasp is used in treatment of Obesity with Maida bark the Healers of Kanker region use Lac in combination with Maida bark for the same purpose. They claim that addition of Lac increases the performance of Maida bark and also patients loose weight without getting weakness. It is very important. Most of the new modern formulations are not having this property.

The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains informed that Lac is having very good effect on skin. This is the reason it is added in over 350 types of herbal combinations used traditionally in treatment of different skin diseases. Its use to give skin its natural color is mentioned in reference literatures. The Healers taking the cases of cancer informed that they are using it in treatment of skin cancer. The Healers of Bastar region informed that in case of cancer resulted due to hormonal imbalance the use of Lac as internal remedy gives good results. It is very useful information for the modern researchers.

For badly damaged liver due to excessive use of alcohol the Healers of Bilaspur region suggest many remedies. Lac is one of these remedies. In general Lac is considered beneficial for liver. Lac collected from Pipal is considered especially useful. The natives fond of Mahua liquor are suggested to take Pipal Lac weekly under supervision of experts in order to get protection against possible liver damage.

Out of hesitation I have yet not tasted both medicines. I have seen its use and also took pictures

of healing practices. By releasing Lac insects on different forest trees in early days the Healers were producing Lac for special purposes. This practice is not in existence. Through interactions with the senior Healers who have used or seen this traditional practice I am trying to get more information on this aspect.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 74. Additional information on use of Mainphal in treatment of Cancer. Related References

Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1833&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 76. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Sabudana and Lal Bhaji. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing

Since childhood I am aware of Sabudana obtained from Metroxylon sagu as only food recommended during fever. Both Homoeopath as well as Allopath considers it as best food during fever. As I always tasted it during high fever when our taste buds also get sick even for delicious dishes, I developed disliking about it. In my home it is prepared in form of Kheer for use during sickness. When I reached to young age I stopped using it during this period and as alternative I got tastier choice and that is Khichdi. Slowly the use of Sabudana decreased and since 10-15 years no one has used it in my home. I have noted that now medical experts give freedom to continue delicious normal diet even during fever. Many of them suggest that with use of antibiotics one must take normal diet as fasting during fever can generate much weakness. My family Homeopath Dr.Guha was always suggesting use of Sabudana for the patients. He was aware of its unique properties. It is digested very easily and also it is promising natural tonic. His concept was to give complete rest to different systems of body during fever including digestive system. Fasting during fever helps in fast recovery. The Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh also believe in it. This is the reason they have long list of food materials useful during fast and sickness. Maida bark and Sabudana are present in their list. As it is hard to get Maida bark they still suggest use of Sabudana in form of Kheer prepared from cow milk during fever and other types of sickness. Source of Sabudana is not available in the state. Through small shop owners it has reached to remote areas of Chhattisgarh. It is not wrong to say that its use is much popular among the Healers of semi-urban and urban regions than rural and forest regions. Although by remembering taste of Sabudana I get feeling of sick person but when I started research on medicinal herbs and during Ethnobotanical surveys observed its popularity among the Healers I decided to collect information on this aspect and document it through research articles. In my previous Hindi research articles I have written much about Sabudana but in English I have written less.

The Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region consider its nature hot. They consider it useful as aphrodisiac. In general youths are suggested to consume it up to long time especially from few months before getting married. They further informed that it is very useful food for the patients having problem of premature ejaculation. Many times by its regular use it cures this trouble without support of any other medicine. They are aware that its use during sickness has made it infamous as food for sick persons. In general youths avoid taking it as medicine. In such cases they mix more herb with Sabudana and give it to the patients to prepare Kheer from it. The Healers of Ambikapur region are also aware of this use. They consider it effective for male and female natives. The Healers of Kanker region informed that in early days they have seen its use in royal family. The Royal Kheer prepared from it was having many exotic as well as indigenous nuts. Addition of Char and Badam was common. They have not seen its use since last decade. The Healers of Durg region are aware of medicinal properties and uses of Sabudana but they prefer local herbs as promising alternative to it. Many Healers of Rajnandgaon region suggested that when it is prepared by using water in place of milk, it gives more promising results. They

suggest the patients having Leucoderma to follow strict diet control plan. This plan many times generates weakness. Sabudana prepared in water is given to them as tonic. In general the natives interesting in gaining extra fat are suggested to include Sabudana Kheer in their breakfast. In urban areas Papad and wafers prepared from it can be seen in local shops. Many natives consume it with taste whereas many complain about its stickiness while eating. Fried Sabudana is also added in many snacks. Sabudana in this form is not considered useful as medicine. Most of the above mentioned information was collected during recent surveys. These important uses motivated me to collect more information on this aspect. Through on-going surveys I am trying to do it.

Through this article I would like to give additional information about popular leafy vegetable i.e. Lal Bhaji. It is cultivated in Badi and also in field for markets. It is popular in both rural and urban areas and consumed with taste. In different parts of Chhattisgarh curry is prepared by using in as main ingredient with the help of over 65 methods. The purpose of all methods is to make curry tasty. Although common natives consume it for taste but The Healers are aware of its medicinal properties and uses. They see it as medicinal herb and use its all parts both internally as well as externally. They consider it beneficial both in raw as well as in form of curry. Most of the Healers consider it very useful for female natives. Many senior Healers claim that its regular use especially during season prevents from gynecological troubles in effective way. They are not happy with the suggestions of modern health experts to avoid its use; as such curries are injurious to health. The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India are full of information about medicinal uses of Lal Bhaji as medicinal herb. In early days the natives of all parts were growing it in their Badi organically but now the growers near big cities have started using modern agrochemicals especially for higher production and pest management. In general they don't follow the recommended schedule of pesticide application. This is reason you will find sharp smell of it in Lal Bhaji available for sell in market. Although it is washed before cooking but it is not sufficient to make it free from pesticides specially pesticides having systemic mode of action. The growers talk about pressure of competition. The buyers are not aware of importance of organic produces. They don't give higher prices for organically grown Lal Bhaji. This attitude discourages the young entrepreneurs to adopt organic farming practices. Many growers informed that insects and diseases are becoming headache and without use of chemical inputs it is hard to manage them. There are many farmers that are using pesticides in recommended doses. The young farmers of Paterapali village of Raigarh are among these.

According to the Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains the use of Lal Bhaji in form of curry is beneficial for all types of bleeding. It stops excess bleeding including profuse bleeding during menses. The Healers of Durg region consider its curry useful for the patients having loose motions. According to them its use in limited amount regularizes the digestive system. The

Healers of Bagbahera never miss to suggest the patients having Insanity to include this curry in diet. They are much impressed by its cool nature. They claim that its regular use increases the intervals of attack. The Healers of Northern Chhattisgarh consider use of Chaulai with Lal Bhaji beneficial. According to them use of both leafy vegetables increases each other's assimilation and utilization inside the body. In reference literatures use of fresh leaf juice of Lal Bhaji in treatment of earache has been mentioned. Juice is applied into the ears. The Healers of Chhattisgarh are also aware of this use but they use it less commonly.

New generation is keeping them away from both Sabudana and Lal Bhaji. I feel that it is our responsibility to aware them about its health benefits. I am sure that this approach will motivate them to adopt it in their routine life.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and

Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 74. Additional information on use of Mainphal in treatment of Cancer. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 75. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Potter Wasp Nest and Lac. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1834&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 77. Comments and updates on important factor affecting natural population of Crows. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing As you know most of the modern research reports inform about the problem but fail to give any solution. In Chhattisgarh few years back there were news headlines that natural population of Crows, locally known as Kaua, is decreasing at alarming rates. This was true. In Raipur city this population has decreased to great extent and today we heard its voice very rarely. After these headlines common natives and intellectuals discussed it for some time and then their attention shifted towards new topics. Now no one is ready to keep this important topic alive. The local media asks for new news items. No one is taking interest in searching the reasons responsible for its decreasing population and adopting conservation methods. Crows are nature's scavengers. Without it I consider any city as dead city. Unfortunately I am living in such dead city where it is hard to see Crows as well as Vulchers. Yesterday I was in financial capital of India Mumbai. I was staying at Goregaon. In Pandurang wadi there were lot of crows. I not only took pictures of crows but also recorded its voice for the school children of my city. In Pandurang wadi I heard cries of crows at night also. In India in general, cry of Crow is not consider sign of good luck. But as Nature lover I consider it very important as well as useful creature especially for our modern residential colonies full of garbage. Although reference literatures claim that meat of crows is not suitable for consumption but in tribal belts I have observed its use by natives. Like other birds crows are also very important for them. Few years back when I started searching the reasons responsible for decreasing population of crows and other birds in Indian state Chhattisgarh I found that different traditional medicinal uses and trade of its body parts are among the reasons responsible for it. The Herb Vendors of Chhattisgarh and other states sell the body parts. They inform about its detailed medicinal uses and after convincing about its efficacy they charge much from the users. During Ethnobotanical surveys conducted in different parts of the state I collected interesting as well as important information on this aspect.

During my visits to Tilda region on high way I found Herb Vendors selling different wild birds. They were standing on road with birds to attract the attention of truck drivers. These drivers are their main target. I found over 5 types of wild birds during winter. Round the year they sell 15 types of wild birds. In general it is sold for delicious meat but many birds are sold for its

medicinal properties. Unfortunately meat of crow is sold for this purpose. In most of the cases the users are not told about it. They simple give meat without informing about the bird species. After heavy exertion drivers ask for medicine to get rid from it and gain new vigor. Crow meat is sold as promising remedy for heavy physical exertion. I interviewed many users. They informed that although it is not good in taste but it is effective. Many of them were aware that it is crow's meat but they were consuming it as medicine without any objection. Being vegetarian I failed to taste this meat but my driver refused to consume it after first piece. I have mentioned in previous research articles that that the Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh add meat and blood of crows in herbal decoction used in treatment of body ache. The patients are suggested to take bath with this decoction or sit on this lukewarm decoction. Although it is effective but its use is not much popular among them. According to them they have many herbal alternatives and for preparation of this decoction they have to kill number of crows. The senior Healers of Southern Chhattisgarh consider internal use of crow meat as curse for the natives having respiratory system related troubles.

Like excreta of other bird species, excreta of crow is also used externally for face care. The Herb Vendors informed that it is useful to remove black spots from face. In general it is used with different types of soil and medicinal herbs in form of herbal combinations. It is used externally. This use is still popular in urban regions. In most of the cases users are not informed about what they are using. It is added in combinations and given in paste form for use.

As I have mentioned in previous research articles the Healers of Chhattisgarh prepare special oil from houseflies for hair care. This special oil is mainly used to dye the hair black. The Herb Vendors coming from neighboring state Orissa informed that by killing black crows they prepare special oil for the same purpose. Its external use, they claim, gives the same color to hairs as color of crow. Most of Healers are not convinced with it and they consider it useless for hair care. They are not in favor of killing crows brutally to prepare this oil having no effect. They showed me common rice weed Bhengra and demonstrated its use to make hair black in few minutes as natural dye.

The natives engaged in Tantra activities purchase {{Tabiz}g} or Mala having different body parts of crows. Herb Vendors supply it to them with big claims. In general these Tabiz and Mala are used for children specially to protect them from evil spirits. Many times it is also used for stammering problem and for special children having mental diseases. The Herb Vendors as well as users have full faith in this traditional use. The scientific literatures declare it as blind faith without systematic trials. I feel that there is need for systematic research so that alternatives for useful traditional uses can be given to the users and if traditional uses are not effective then

through awareness program users can be educated to avoid its use for the sake of natural crow population.

After collecting much information on this aspect I am still unable to get clear picture. There are hundreds of Herb Vendors active in the state. They use crows of Chhattisgarh as well as neighboring states as medicine. In order to get data on number of crows killed for use as traditional medicine detailed surveys are required. I would like to request the readers to come forward if you are interested so that we can conduct this survey as teamwork by adopting standard scientific methods.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 74. Additional information on use of Mainphal in treatment of Cancer. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 75. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Potter Wasp Nest and Lac. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 76. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Sabudana and Lal Bhaji. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1836&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 78. New information on Nevla, its Traditional Medicinal Uses and present status. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing In general common people are much worried and feared from snakes specially people living in semi-urban and urban regions and when they see a small animal killing thee snakes without much problem they start considering it as their friendly animal. There are number of such animals exist in Chhattisgarh having capacity to manage snake dominance. Nevla is popular among these animals. In India there are thousands of stories about victory of Nevla on poisonous snakes. Most of these stories are for children whereas the people engaged in Tantra activities are having different types of stories. These stories describe the miraculous power of Nevla through which it manages any type of snake within no time. During my school days I read many stories about this creature. During summer in school days I was passing many days in my village Khudmudi. At that time occurrence of Nevla was common in that region. I found it very shy animal. Although it lives near human population but always try to hide. My grand father was fan of these creatures and only through him I developed respect and interest for these creatures. He was in favor of giving all types of freedom to these creatures so that they can move freely in different parts of crop fields. The farm workers were strictly instructed to never disturb it by any way. Among its favorite foods rat is in top. Its presence keeps natural control over rat population. Rat population is considered as curse for the farmers. Farmers are aware that Nevla is enemy of snake and many times they complaint that Nevla population killed snakes in their surroundings and now they are getting increased problem of rats. Like Nevla snakes are also enemy to rats. Although I failed to get any research study describing that whether snake population is much effective in rat management or Nevla population? Is presence of both species manages rats in more effective way? Based on observations the farmers of Chhattisgarh have much to say on these questions. Most of them prefer co-existence of both species. The farmers of Chhattisgarh plains informed that when rat population is high both species prefer rats and it seems that they ignore their old rivalry. When rat population decreases to lower levels than Nevla starts attacking snakes. Nevla have other alternatives also. It is fond of birds and its eggs. What will happen if we increase the number of Nevla in rat-infested areas? One can ask this question. As nature lover I am not in favor of promoting only one species, as diversity is basic nature of Mother Nature. The world literatures describe the cases when Nevla from India and other countries were released in other parts of world with aim to manage rat population. Very soon Nevla itself became threat

to diversity especially to certain endangered bird species. Now authorities in these countries are investing much to manage Nevla population. The Indian farmers are also having same view.

It is sad observation that Nevla population is decreasing at alarming rates in different parts of India. When I interacted with the natives of sixteen different districts of Chhattisgarh they informed that its population has decreased throughout the state. For related Table please click this link. Nevla population near human population as well as wild population both has decreased in past two-three decades. Increasing use of modern agrochemicals in crop fields is directly blamed as main reason responsible for its decreasing population in surroundings. The picture of its killing for meat is not clear. The natives of different regions are having different opinions regarding taste of meat of Nevla collected from wild. Many of them consider it as poor quality meat whereas other claim that after removing its bad smell through traditional methods it can be made tasty. In many parts of Chhattisgarh natives consider it as creature of religious importance and this is the reason it is not killed by them.

As traditional knowledge researcher I feel that the stories associated with this creature is becoming curse for its natural population. You will be surprised to know that every year number of Nevla are killed to prepare articles having so-called potential to repel the snakes away. For making these articles Nevla are killed brutally and in general whole body is used. I have listed over 35 types of articles prepared from it. The Herb Vendors especially the Vendors selling herbs and animal parts for Tantra activities, always keep Nevla body parts for sell. During my surveys I met over 40 such Herb Vendors. They are aware that killing of this friendly creature is against the law. This is the reason they hesitate to interact with researchers like me. They never forget to request to keep the information given by them secret as its expose may results in strict legal action against them. But I feel that in order to save the existing population of Nevla in wild there is need to keep control on this trade. I have mentioned in previous research articles that the Herb Vendors of neighboring states also visit to Chhattisgarh. Nevla body parts and articles prepared from it are available with them also. The Vendors coming from Orissa and Jharkhand very commonly keep it with them. The wildlife activists of these states reading this article are requested to conduct surveys to get in depth knowledge about this trade and also monitor Nevla population in wild. The Herb Vendors of Jharkhand informed during recent visit that although meat of Nevla is not considered as food but they use it in special way. Meat is dried in sun and converted in to powder. They claimed that its internal use in specific amount up to 21 days develops natural resistance against snake venom. They claim it with confidence but I have yet not met the persons who have tried it practically. The Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains consider it as useless. They see it as cheating and way to harvest the image of Nevla as mentioned in stories. I have taken pictures of this meat powder and you will find it at Ecoport very soon. They charge very high price for it. They are aware that many natives react very badly

to this powder. Such natives are suggested to take Sirka prepared from Jamun during use of this powder. Many times they sell it as herbal powder or meat powder of rat to hide its identity. I feel that there is need to aware the workers at check posts about its identification process so that they can keep control over its trading. I strongly feel that if this meat powder is not effective then this cheating must be stopped immediately. And if it is useful in this way then for the users there is need to promote captive breeding so that this traditional medicinal uses must not become threat to its natural population.

The Herb Vendors of Dantewada region showed me special oil especially useful for Gout and informed that it is prepared by boiling live Nevla in base oil. When I showed it to Traditional Healers many of them confirmed its effectiveness but added that such results can be obtained with the help of medicinal herbs also.

My grandfather was having objection in saying these creatures as shy. He was having reason for it. Human beings are using Nevla as traditional medicine since time immemorial although in early days due to less human population threat was less in its natural population. Nevla population is aware that human beings are one of the strongest enemies. That is why they keep distance and try to hide. It is more fear than shyness. Now after much surveys and studies I am realizing the depth of opinion made by my grandfather.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 74. Additional information on use of Mainphal in treatment of Cancer. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 75. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Potter Wasp Nest and Lac. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 76. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Sabudana and Lal Bhaji. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 77. Comments and updates on important factor affecting natural population of Crows. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin

Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1837&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 79. New information on Sahi and Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about it. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Whenever during nighttime the visitors in Wildlife sanctuaries of Chhattisgarh try to take a look of tiger they commonly see Sahi. It is hard to see tiger but Sahi can be seen easily. But this less known creature is rarely welcomed by tourists. The same attitude is of common people about Sahi. This is the reason you will find very selected information about it in reference literatures as well as Internet. Few months back I was talking with senior forest officer about present status of this creature in forests of Chhattisgarh. As usual and expected reply, he said everything is OK and department is monitoring all animals in wild. We know the facts. The most loved tigers are reducing and authorities have failed to protect it then how one can expect that lower animals are safe in their natural environment. Although research on Sahi is not my field but after seeing lack of literatures on this interesting creature, at least for me, I decided to collect information on its different aspects in Indian state Chhattisgarh. Later during the surveys I found that Sahi is closely related to my field and I was wrong to consider it as creature out of my research field. The surveys revealed that Sahi population is decreasing throughout Chhattisgarh although not in alarming rates but there is need to identify the reasons responsible for this decrease in

population. It is good to observe that wildlife sanctuaries in Chhattisgarh are having rich population of this creature. Its good population in sanctuaries and decreasing population in open forests indicate that human beings are one of the strong enemies of this creature. You will be surprised to know that Sahi body parts are in trade from different states of India including Chhattisgarh. It is used as traditional medicine.

According to the senior natives they are using meat of Sahi since time immemorial. Sharp spine like hairs present on its body are not enough to protect from human beings. Every year Sahi is collected in large number and used for its meat. As other wild animals with good quantity of meat are available it is used many times in the time of scarcity. The reference literatures describe that the taste of its meat is not good and also it possess odd smell. The natives living in forest regions accept that smell is bad but they like its taste. They treat the meat with traditional methods to make it free from odd smell.

The Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh are aware of the use of its meat as food material. They are not in favor of its consumption in large quantities. In large quantities this meat is considered harmful for liver and stomach. Its long-term use gives bad results. In small quantity this meat is beneficial as medicine. The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains use its meat in powder form in more than 35 herbal combinations used to treat different diseases. In general as medicine it is given to the patients having respiratory troubles. The Healers of Gariaband region informed that this meat in combination with other herbs is used in treatment of stomach related troubles. After over consumption of meat of other animals in order to digest it this meat powder is used. The Healers of Raigarh region consider it useful in treatment of advanced stages of Ulcerative Colitis. The Herb Vendors of Chhattisgarh as well as neighboring states like Orissa sell this meat powder as promising aphrodisiac. It is specially considered useful for male natives having good vitality. Its internal use with Badam oil is preferred. While its use the Healers of Kanker region suggest the users to consume cow milk in bulk and take Char seeds. Both cow milk and Char increase its performance. The Healers of different parts of the state are having different opinions regarding this use of Sahi. Most of them consider it less effective than medicinal herbs where as many of them use it in combination with medicinal herbs for the same purpose. It is not wrong to say that its use as aphrodisiac is more responsible for its decreasing population than other reasons.

Sahi is herbivore. It feeds on different types of wild fruits, barks and leaves. The Traditional Healers informed that the feeding preferences of Sahi play important role in making it rich in medicinal properties. They have identified different spots based on presence of medicinal plants and prefer to collect Sahi from these spots for preparation of medicine. From the senior Healers of Southern Chhattisgarh I got interesting information about use of Sahi in identification of

certain medicinal herbs. They informed about 15 types of medicinal herbs liked by Sahi. It is believed that when Sahi selects this herb in wild it selects plants rich in medicinal properties. The Healers follow Sahi and when it reaches to specific plants they collect it without any delay. Among these 15 types most of plants are having tuberous underground parts. These tuberous herbs are used in treatment of complicated diseases at advanced stages. Although the Healers are not aware that how these creatures select potential plants but they have deep faith in its selection. Its popularity among them clearly indicates its efficacy. This knowledge is limited to very few Healers and in general they practice it whenever available herbal remedies fail to give the desired effects. As it is nocturnal creature they have to face many problems while following it in wild. In general they prefer early morning hours for this job. Few of them showed me herbs having special signs of Sahi feeding. This special knowledge helps them to collect the herbs in daytime also. In general the Healers of young generation avoid this tough practice and adopt other alternatives. I am planning to visit forest with the senior Healers in search on herbs selected by Sahi and prepare small film on this aspect. I am feeling proud to document this important information that how Healers take services of Sahi to get medicinally rich herbs. This information is coming among the world community for the first time through this research article.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit

Trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 74. Additional information on use of Mainphal in treatment of Cancer. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 75. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Potter Wasp Nest and Lac. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 76. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Sabudana and Lal Bhaji. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 77. Comments and updates on important factor affecting natural population of Crows. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 78. New information on Nevla, its Traditional Medicinal Uses and present status. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional

Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1838&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 80. New information on Mahua Sua (Psittacula cyanocephala). Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing The pet shop owners of Chhattisgarh sell Psittacula cyanocephala in name of Mahua Sua. Sua is Chhattisgarhi word for parrot. Mahua is local name of Madhuca indica. They claim that this bird is fond of Mahua fruits that it why it is popularly known as Mahua Sua. I have not heard this name from anyone living in areas where these birds live naturally. The natives of different regions know it through different names. Tuiya and Mitthu are common names. Farmers identify it easily as they consider it as enemy to their crops. The Corn growers adopt different strategies to keep these birds away from crop fields. They know that it reaches to field in groups of 10-15 birds and continuously make specific sound. Most of them consider it as intelligent birds as it searches new way to feed on crops when different measures are adopted to stop it. The pet shop owners are also much impressed by its intelligence. At least they say it while selling it to rich natives. They are aware that natives living in modern cities are less aware of its presence in nearby forests. Taking advantage of this poor knowledge they sell it as rare bird. Many say that they have brought it from Mandla forest region of Madhya Pradesh whereas other informs that they collect it from forests of Orissa. They charge high price for these birds. In general price ranges from INR 300 to 500 per bird based on the type of customer. There are less chances of

bargaining. When buyers show worry in arranging Mahua fruits for this bird the shop owners give them long list of food materials liked by this bird. They prefer use of Sunflower seeds and many times they sell it from their shops. We know that in captivity most of the birds have to eat all types of food materials we consume in routine lives. I have seen this bird in many houses eating all types of food including morning tea and coffee. For the first time I developed interest on this bird when after completion of my study I was conducting Ethnobotanical surveys in Bagbahera region of Chhattisgarh. The Traditional Healers of this region use meat of this bird as traditional medicine. After documenting little information about it I thought it is not my field and someone must have reported it earlier I forgot it. Later when I searched the reference literatures and found that very less work has been done on this aspect around the world specially about its traditional medicinal uses I decided to include questions about this bird in questionnaire used during surveys. Since 1998 I am collecting information on this aspect. In this article I am using its name given by shop owners i.e. Mahua Sua.

In general the natives living in forest regions catch this bird from wild. They are aware of its increasing demand by the local traders but not aware of its increasing price. You will be surprised to know that they sell it in INR 10-20 per bird to pet shop owners at nearby cities. Many enthusiastic and young bird catchers dare to visit nearby cities for its sale. They get higher prices but as media is active in urban regions and its open marketing is banned officially they have to change their selling spots regularly. In previous research articles I have mentioned that through simple, interesting and effective traditional methods the bird catchers easily catch birds from wild. For Mahua Sua they use latex of Bar tree. Freshly collected latex is smeared on tree branches. When Mahua Sua group sits on it the sticky latex never allows it to fly again. Mahua Sua is also fooled by use of hollow rollers prepared from paper. I have written in detail about it in previous articles. Other conventional methods are also popular. When I tried to get the information on number of Mahua Sua collected every year from wild the catchers of Gariaband region informed that on average during one season they collect 100-150 birds. Tens of catchers are active in Gariaband region. You can imagine the number of birds collected from all parts of Chhattisgarh. The shop owners of Raipur city informed that there is regular demand of this bird in Indian Metros. As demand is decreasing I feel that it is necessary to monitor the activities of bird catchers in different parts of Chhattisgarh. As mentioned earlier old records are not available it is hard to estimate the change in population. Farmers say that its population is increasing as area under cultivation is increasing. The senior natives of Chhattisgarh Plains informed that there is no significant change in its population but they are noticing change in colors of these birds.

Although in small number this bird is having demand among Traditional Healers also. They use it as traditional medicine. In general Mahua Sua is among birds killed for its delicious meat. The natives living in forest region consume it occasionally. It is not part of their daily food. They are

aware that it is difficult to digest this meat. This is reason natives engaged in heavy field works are suggested to use it. It is considered as body tonic also. The natives are not aware of its other medicinal properties and uses. The Healers of different regions use it in different ways in treatment of different diseases. The Healers of Kanker region consider its fresh meat useful for the patients having respiratory troubles. They suggest the patients having such troubles to consume it up to long time. It is used as supplement treatment along with main herb based treatment of these troubles. Meat of Cock is preferred as compared to hen. The Healers of Bagbahera region use it in treatment of mental depression. They wait for fruiting season of medicinal tree Doomar. Mahua Sua is fond of matured fruits of Doomar. Mahua Sua collected from these trees are given to patients as medicine. The Healers claim that in most of the cases its use a single remedy gives much relief to the patients. The Healers collect full fed birds for the users. The patients having problem of Stammering are suggested by the Healers of Sarguja region to use meat of this bird. As other promising alternatives are available it is used less commonly. But I am aware that from documentation point of view it is important information. I have noted during surveys that very few Healers are using this bird as traditional medicine. Hence at present there is no threat on its natural population due to its traditional uses. Instead of catching it for meat most of the bird catchers prefer to sell it to pet shop owners. When I suggested captive breeding of this bird for its use as medicine to the Healers they informed about limitations. According to them only Mahua Sua feeding on combinations of wild fruits gives meat with potential to treat diseases. In captivity it is not possible to feed it using combinations selected by Mother Nature.

I am aware that the above-mentioned information is very less and not very technical for the Ornithologists. This is small effort to present the information available with me about Mahua Sua. If bird researchers wish to visit Chhattisgarh for detailed surveys I am ready to extend my support.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 74. Additional information on use of Mainphal in treatment of Cancer. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 75. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Potter Wasp Nest and Lac. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 76. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Sabudana and Lal Bhaji. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 77. Comments and updates on important factor affecting natural population of Crows. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 78. New information on Nevla, its Traditional Medicinal Uses and present status. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 79. New information on Sahi and Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about it. Related References

Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1839&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 81. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Koyal and Gaurayya. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Both Koel or Koyal and Gaurayya are well known birds in Indian state Chhattisgarh. Koyal is known as Indian Singing Bird whereas Gaurayya is known as Sparrow. In many parts of the state both birds are considered as religiously important birds. Whereas in other parts its meat is used as food especially in rural and forest regions. I am not sure whether it is due to climate change or

any thing else but local newspapers commonly publish this news that singing period of Koel has extended much. Earlier it was limited for two to three months especially during season of Mango. But now it can be heard up to four to five months even during rainy season. Few years' back changing food habit of Gaurayya attracted the attention of researchers. They observed its visits in Parthenium plants in Chhattisgarh. Later the researchers of other parts of the world reported that sparrow plays vital role in dissemination of Parthenium seeds. As you know Parthenium is allergy causing weed. The natives seeing behavior of this bird since long time are much surprised by its increasing affection towards this exotic weed. Both birds are of great importance for the Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh. They use its different body parts as medicine both internally as well as externally in treatment of common as well as complicated diseases. I have mentioned in previous research articles that in general excreta of birds are used for face care specially to remove black spots. In Chhattisgarh different types of bird excreta are used for this purpose. The names of Koel and Gaurayya are also present in this list.

The patients recovering from exhaustive diseases are suggested by the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region to start using meat of Koel. In general its use once in a week is suggested. It is considered as promising body tonic. The Healers of Kanker region are also aware of this use. They prefer its use with medicinal herb Patal Kumhda. They informed that in combination it works in promising ways. The Healers of Bastar region informed that meat of Koel is not suitable for all types of patients. The patients having old problem of constipation are not allowed to use it in any form. In case of no alternative it is given with medicinal herbs having purgative properties. The Healers of Durg region informed that the patients having digestive system related troubles specially Ulcerative Colitis must not use this meat. The Healers of Sarguja region consider this meat hot in nature and this is the reason it is given to the patients having respiratory troubles. The patients having old problem of Asthma are advised to use it under their guidance. The Healers of Raigarh region are aware of beneficial effects of its meat but they prefer herbal combinations as this meat is considered full of harmful effects. They avoid the risk. The senior Healers of this region informed that patients having gout and associated troubles must not use it as medicine. In reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India specially in Ayurveda it is mentioned that ash collected by burning feathers of this bird is having capacity to heal old wound. The Healers of Chhattisgarh are aware of it. Many Healers are using it in combination with medicinal herbs in treatment of cancerous wound. Alone it is not considered useful for cancerous wound. The Healers of Bastar region informed that in early days the use of ash in this way was popular to treat the wound made by poisonous arrow.

The Meat of Gaurayya is consumed with taste in different parts of Chhattisgarh. You will find the locals selling this bird in highways. Every year large number of birds is killed for this purpose. It is not consumed mere for taste. Not only Traditional healers but also common natives

are aware of its medicinal properties and uses. In general its internal use is considered beneficial for sexual health. Many consider it as aphrodisiac whereas others consider it as remedy that improves the function of sexual organs especially male organs. This is the reason the natives never miss to consume its meat whenever they get it. The Traditional Healers consider it as general tonic. The natives engaged in bodybuilding are specially suggested by them to take this meat. In many parts of Chhattisgarh it is still given as wedding gift. The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains consider this meat as boon for the patients having liver related troubles. The patients having damaged liver due to overuse of alcoholic drinks are suggested to include this meat in their diet and take it at least once in a week.

Instead of regular use of meat as food and medicine the natives informed that both species are surviving in nature and its population is not in danger. I have observed that as medicine it is not used very commonly. Also Healers recommend its use less commonly. In most of the cases they prefer medicinal herbs. Both species are not collected for trade. The senior natives of Raipur city informed that they are seeing decrease in population of both species in urban areas. They blame increase in area under concrete jungle for this decrease. Like crows and vulchers population of other birds including Koel and Gaurayya is also decreasing in the city.

It is common belief that both types of birds cannot be kept in captivity for breeding purpose. I feel that there is need for detailed research and to search ways so that captive breeding can be performed. If in future due to pressure of human population its use will increase then the methods of captive breeding will play vital role in fulfilling the demand as well as conserving natural population.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 74. Additional information on use of Mainphal in treatment of Cancer. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 75. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Potter Wasp Nest and Lac. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 76. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Sabudana and Lal Bhaji. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 77. Comments and updates on important factor affecting natural population of Crows. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 78. New information on Nevla, its Traditional Medicinal Uses and present status. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 79. New information on Sahi and Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about it. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 80. New information on Mahua Sua (Psittacula cyanocephala). Related References

Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1840&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 82. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Teetar and Chakor. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Since childhood due to heavy glasses on my eyes because of Myopia my research was focused on herbs of surroundings visible easily. That is why initially during college life I focused my

work on medicinal weeds and insects attacking on it. Later after Laser surgery when I got rid from heavy glasses I started seeing beautiful Nature around me. The bright vision generated interest in birds. Later when I started documenting traditional medicinal knowledge about different types of birds in Indian state Chhattisgarh I found that my knowledge about bird identification is very poor. During interactions with the Healers or bird catchers they always show the birds but after coming back it was so difficult to point the same bird in forest again. Although in general, researchers try to fix their attention in specific field but I decided to enter in this field without any basic qualification. For better identification as record I started taking pictures of birds in its natural habitat but my cameras were big constraints. Initially I was having poor quality low cost camera but when I purchased digital camera I got better pictures. But still I feel that camera with good zoom lenses can give me the desired pictures for true identification. At present my budget not allows me to go for such camera. During surveys now I am taking pictures from digi-cam and giving emphasis in getting local names of birds. During recent surveys I got information on traditional medicinal uses of two common birds i.e. Teetar and Chakor. According to reference literatures both birds are used as food and its hunting is common. Due to increase in hunting it is reported that its population is decreasing at alarming rates. In Chhattisgarh during surveys I found that hunting of these birds are common but failed to assess its bad impacts on overall population at state level.

The Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains informed that Teetar is not less than medicinal herb Bramhi for its effects on human brain. They use it as substitute to Bramhi and many times it is used to increase the performance of this herb. School going children are suggested to use this meat as memory enhancer. As it is tasty they consume it without any problem. The Healers of Raigarh region are also aware of its use for this purpose. The Oriya Traditional Healers of this region suggest the female patients having mense related troubles to use Bramhi, Lal Bhaji and meat of Teetar during different parts of day. Bramhi planted in Badi is collected and by crushing it, paste is prepared. Patients are advised to take this paste empty stomach during morning time. During lunch, meat of Teetar is served whereas at dinner Lal Bhaji is served. They claim that this combination cures most of the troubles effectively in less time. In early stages it is used as main treatment whereas at advanced stages it is used as supplement treatment along with main treatment. Many Healers claimed that use of Teetar meat every year up to fifteen days acts as preventive to these troubles. Although it is effective combination but there is constraint in its use. Bramhi and Lal Bhaji are available easily but it is not possible to get Teetar meat up to long time. The Healers of Bastar region informed that the patients having old problem of Insanity must not use Teetar meat in any way. According to them its use aggravates the problem. In general the Healers of almost all parts of Chhattisgarh consider this meat beneficial for general health. They say clearly that as the use of this meat is decreasing among the modern youths and as result they are becoming more susceptible to diseases. The Healers of Kanker region informed that in early days they were suggesting the members of Royal families to use this meat internally as its use is

good for sexual health. They prepare it by special traditional methods by adding medicinal herbs. They want to keep the information secret. The reference literatures on Ayurveda mention that meat of Teetar is aphrodisiac and helps in better sexual performances.

Although I have yet not seen this bird in Chhattisgarh but the Traditional Healers as well as bird catchers assured me about its existence in the state. It is not only collected but also used as traditional medicine. You will be surprised to know that the Healers are using its meat in treatment of two modern diseases i.e. Sickle Cell Anaemia and AIDS. The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains informed that they always suggest their patients to never miss the chance to consume meat of this bird, as it is boon for the patients having Sickle Cell Anaemia. It is given as supplement treatment along with main treatment. The patients at advanced stages are suggested its regular use whereas patients at mild stage are suggested to take it whenever it is available commonly. Meat of Chakor is not used directly in treatment of AIDS. It is given to generate new vigor in the patient's body exhausted due to disease as well as medication. The Healers prepare it by traditional methods by adding medicinal herbs. These methods not only make it rich in medicinal properties but also give it good taste. During surveys I interacted with the patients taking this meat in this form. They were happy that Healers are permitting them to eat meat during the worst condition. They were not aware that the meat served to them is type of medicine. In general the Healers of Chhattisgarh suggest thin natives eager to get body weight to consume this meat. It is considered beneficial for general health. In reference literatures use of this meat in treatment of Paralysis and respiratory troubles has been mentioned. The Healers of Chhattisgarh are aware of it but they use medicinal herbs and combinations in place of this meat. They confirmed its use in such diseases. From documentation point of view this confirmation is very important. The bird catchers of Orissa region informed that this meat is beneficial for sexual health also.

While using meat of both Birds the users are suggested to consume Amli chutney is large amount as it helps in proper utilization of it. Like excreta of other bird species the Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains are aware that excreta of Teetar can be used for face care. The Healers of Bagbahera region informed that many times after cure of Ringworm the use of acidic herbal combinations leaves dark spots on affected body parts. For such spots excreta of Teetar is very useful. It removes it and after its removal application of Aloe vera pulps for some time, gives skin a natural tone.

I am in process of preparing long list of local names through which natives of different regions identify these birds. Every name is having logic behind it. Many Healers suggested me to study its food preferences in nature and come back to them with observations in order to get valuable

information related to it. I am trying my best for this.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 74. Additional information on use of Mainphal in treatment of Cancer. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 75. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Potter Wasp Nest and Lac. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 76. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Sabudana and Lal Bhaji. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 77. Comments and updates on important factor affecting natural population of Crows. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 78. New information on Nevla, its Traditional Medicinal Uses and present status. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 79. New information on Sahi and Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about it. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 80. New information on Mahua Sua (Psittacula cyanocephala). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 81. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Koyal and Gaurayya. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links

Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1841&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 83. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Bulbul and Bagula. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Both Bulbul and Bagula are considered as friendly birds by the natives of Indian state Chhattisgarh specially farmers. Earlier when organic farming was in practice throughout Chhattisgarh these birds were frequent visitors in crop fields. At that time farmers were adopting different measures to attract these birds. Giving freedom to large trees to grow on bunds was one of these measures. These trees were giving place for sitting as well as stay for birds. The senior farmers still remember those days when these birds were playing significant role in crop protection. Fortunately the insects liked by these species are enemies of crops. When modern agriculture started setting its feet in Chhattisgarh the experts came with different recommendations. They ignored traditional practices and its important role in day-to-day life. At first they forced the farmers to cut indigenous trees from bunds and plant exotic trees for high returns. They promoted trees like Eucalyptus in bunds and surroundings. These trees failed to attract the indigenous birds. Secondly blaming the organic farming practice as cause of poor yield they promoted chemical farming. Heavy use of pesticides and other chemical inputs resulted in mortality of creatures present in field including snakes and birds. As natural control decreased the problem of pest increased. As result today birds like Bulbul and Bagula are visiting in field in less number. During recent field visit when I discussed it with young researchers they pointed few birds in fields and said that birds are still there instead of use of chemical inputs. In reply I requested them to meet to the senior natives and tally this counting with their counting. In early days visiting birds were not only higher in number but also in much diversity. Like farmers cattle also like birds like Bulbul and Bagula as these species help them to get rid from ticks. Both birds are in the list of birds used as food by the natives of rural and forest regions. Through recent surveys I got interesting information about its use as food as well as medicine. I am giving

details in present article.

Bulbul is hunted for its meat throughout Chhattisgarh but I noted that natives are less interested in this species as compared to other species. They prefer wild species for tastier meat. Bulbul is considered as less intelligent bird and this is the reason they have less problem in its hunting. In the state it is hunted by adopting seven common methods. It is not hunted in bulk and also in weekly village markets I have yet not seen its meat available for sell. In general it is killed and meat is used freshly without any delay. The Traditional Healers consider this meat beneficial for general health. They are not much aware of its use as medicine Many Healers of Raipur region informed that its meat is useful for the patients having spermatorrhoea. The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India describe that its egg possess tonic properties and beneficial for the patients having weakness. The Healers of Chhattisgarh are aware of this use. The patients recovering from typhoid fever are specially instructed by the Healers of Bagbahera region to consume its eggs if available. Egg is considered good for hair growth by the Healers of Durg region. For this purpose its internal use is suggested. The Healers of Bastar region informed that they add its excreta in herbal combinations used as hair remover. They add it as important ingredient. Its use for face care like excreta of other birds is well known in the state but it is used less commonly.

Anaemic patients are suggested by the Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains to take meat of Bagula. This meat is considered as promising blood purifier. The Healers of Gariaband region treating gynecological troubles suggest their patients to include this meat in meals as supplement treatment along with main treatment of these diseases. The Healers of Bagbahera region informed that this meat in limited amount is good for brain. It sharpens the memory. According to reference literatures Bagula meat is used for this purpose in other parts of India also. In general its use with Dhania is considered beneficial as Dhania helps in its proper assimilation and utilization. As memory enhancer it is not used with medicinal herbs. I have mentioned in previous research articles that meat of Pareva (Pigeon) is considered useful for the patients having paralysis. The Healers of Dhamtari region suggest its use with Bagula meat in order to get more promising results. During rainy season the Healers of Mahasamund region suggest the natives having poor sexual health to consume meat of Bagula with freshly collected Red Velvet Mite. They are not in favor of its off-season use. They claim that the use of this combination once in a year keeps the users healthy in terms of sexual health round the year. Many Herb Vendors of Chhattisgarh Plains sell ash of feathers of this bird in combination of Sarson oil in as promising external remedy for Piles. The Healers are not using it in their routine practice.

Although limited but above-mentioned information is very important as very less has been

written on this aspect. Through on-going surveys I am trying my best to gather more information on this aspect.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 74. Additional information on use of Mainphal in treatment of Cancer. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 75. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Potter Wasp Nest and Lac.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 76. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Sabudana and Lal Bhaji. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 77. Comments and updates on important factor affecting natural population of Crows. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 78. New information on Nevla, its Traditional Medicinal Uses and present status. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 79. New information on Sahi and Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about it. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 80. New information on Mahua Sua (Psittacula cyanocephala). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 81. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Koyal and Gaurayya. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 82. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Teetar and Chakor. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh.

Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1842&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 84. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Tortoise and Goh. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Ponds and wells having Tortoise population are considered good in health. The natives of Indian state Chhattisgarh use water from such water sources without any fear. They believe that Tortoise is having capacity to keep sources clean. In previous research articles I have written a lot about different aspects of Tortoise in Chhattisgarh. I have mentioned that how village children search its eggs and use it for different purposes. The Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh consider the breathe of cat as cause of many diseases. This is the reason they never suggest natives to keep cats as pet. And if it is necessary then keep distance from it as direct exposure of exhaled air from its lungs is harmful especially to children. The breathe of Tortoise is considered beneficial. And as mentioned in previous articles that through it the Healers treat patients having respiratory troubles specially Asthma. The patients are advised to inhale exhaled air as treatment. I am still not aware of its science but its popularity among the Healers shows its effectiveness. I have keen interest in Tortoise and during surveys I never miss to collect new information about it. Like Tortoise I am listening about Indian monitor lizard Goh (Varanus bengalensis) since my childhood. In stories related to history I have found description of Goh at many places. Although I have seen it only in films and books but this creature has also attracted my attention. The natives and Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh confirm that it is present in the state but I am still waiting for opportunity to see it in wild. As traditional medicine body parts of both creatures are used and modern and traditional both experts believe that these uses are becoming threat to its

natural population. In present article I am giving details about traditional medicinal uses of these creatures for purpose of documentation. Also I am hoping that this article will help the conservationists to search for alternatives so that pressure on these creatures must decrease and healers can also get their medicines.

The Traditional Healers use all parts of Tortoise as traditional medicine. Its meat is consumed by natives for its unique taste. They are not much aware of its medicinal properties except it is considered as good body tonic. In areas near to rivers natives consume its meat while recovering from exhaustive diseases. The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains consider its meat beneficial for the patients having gynecological troubles. It is consider more useful at initial stages. As main medicine it is given in treatment of Dysmenorrhoea. The Healers of Bagbahera region consider it useful for patients having digestive system related troubles. They suggest its internal use in limited amount. Over dose is considered harmful for liver. They are also not in favor of its longterm use. The Healers treating cancer patients informed that they add dry gall bladder of this creature in herbal combinations used at initial stages. It is added as important ingredient but without it combinations are not considered incomplete. The Healers of Bastar region use this body part with bitter herbs in order to remove maggots in open cancerous wound. During surveys I found this part with Herb Vendors. They sell it as remedy for over 15 types of diseases. In reference literatures related to Ayurveda its use in treatment of Epilepsy has been mentioned. Most of the Healers I met during surveys were not aware of this use. They use herbs and herbal combinations for this purpose. While use of its meat in any form the Healers of Southern Chhattisgarh suggest the users to take Honey in bulk. It helps in proper utilization of this meat inside body. The Healers of Gariaband region consider honey collected from Neem tree more beneficial than other types of Honey. The Healers of Ambikapur region informed that in treatment of Epilepsy they use Red Velvet Mite, blood of different birds and Tortoise. They start with Red Velvet Mite. After it birds are used and as last resort Tortoise blood is used. The Healers of Kanker region consider its eggs useful in intestine related troubles especially in treatment of Ulcerative Colitis.

When I discussed the problem of decreasing population of Tortoise in our surroundings with the senior Healers most of them informed that it's killing for meat is main reason for decrease in population. Its body parts are used as medicine less commonly. They also complained about Herb Vendors who sell it as wonder drug. They fool rich people and through such people other people start using its parts. The senior Healers of Durg region informed that most of the diseases treated with Tortoise body parts can be easily treated with the help of herbs and herbal combinations. They suggested that awareness among Healers as well as other users can help in protection of this species.

The natives aware of use of Goh meat informed during recent surveys that in early days soldiers were specially given its meat as its internal use increases level of anger (?) that was much required during wartime. This effect is may be due to hot nature of this meat. Now days it is not used for this purpose. They informed that as compared to other species Goh is consumed less commonly. The blind faith associated with it that oil prepared from its fat and other body parts is beneficial as aphrodisiac, is becoming curse for its natural population. In local markets tens of herbal products having body parts of Goh are available with big claims that it is beneficial for sexual health. The Healers are not convinced with it. Many suggest herbal alternatives whereas other says that wrong promotion must be discouraged. According to reference literatures its excreta is beneficial for eye related troubles. The Healers of Chhattisgarh are not much aware of this use. Like bird excreta its excreta is also considered useful for face care specially for removing black spots. The Herb Vendors coming from different states especially from Orissa and Jharkhand keep different types of Mala and Tabiz having body parts of Goh. They sell it by saying that Goh body parts protect from evil spirits. Children are specially suggested to wear it.

Although there are many official claims but I have noted that no one in my state is monitoring its natural population. It is now becoming fashion to say that species are decreasing specially in seminars and conferences but no one goes to field to assess the seriousness of problem. As both species are in danger there is need to establish task force with much fund as well as power.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 74. Additional information on use of Mainphal in treatment of Cancer. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 75. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Potter Wasp Nest and Lac. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 76. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Sabudana and Lal Bhaji. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 77. Comments and updates on important factor affecting natural population of Crows. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 78. New information on Nevla, its Traditional Medicinal Uses and present status. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 79. New information on Sahi and Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about it. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 80. New information on Mahua Sua (Psittacula cyanocephala). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 81. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Koyal and Gaurayya. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 82. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Teetar and Chakor. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 83. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Bulbul and Bagula. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1843&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 85. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Kabar Bijju. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract

This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Although it is very hard to see it in wild but natives of Central India still fear much by its name i.e. Kabar Bijju. There are hundreds of stories at the tip of their tongue about its ferocious and cruel (?) nature. Many of these stories say that it attacks on human beings. And this is the reason in early days the natives were killing it without any delay. Since childhood I am listening from my mother that how once Kabar Bijju entered in her home in Jabalpur during her childhood. Her parents sealed the home and with the help of gun it was killed. Fear comes in her eyes when she remembers it. She still remembers Guava tree under which Kabar Bijju was killed. In childhood I visited to Bhopal region to attend marriage function. The arrangement was in rural region near to hill. The stories of Kabar Bijju were very popular in that region. We waited whole night to see this creature as it was expected in surroundings but failed to take a look. This creature was present in stories of my Grand Father and he was aware of its presence in surroundings. It is common belief about it that it eats dead bodies. Due to this habit the word Kabar is attached with its name Bijju. Kabar means Tomb. When I started Ethnobotanical surveys after completing my studies I heard stories about it again. Many Traditional Healers and Herb Vendors informed about medicinal uses of its different parts in treatment of diseases. I found description of its miraculous effects in cheap books available in roadside bookstalls. Initially I ignored it but when I started reading about this creature interest generated and I fixed one page in my field diary in order to note information on its traditional medicinal uses.

I have noted one common information throughout Chhattisgarh that its natural population has decreased in the state. Now it is hard to see this creature in wild even in gap of many months. This decrease in population has resulted in many harmful consequences. As far as traditional knowledge field is concerned this decrease in population stopped the Healers to use it as medicine. They are now using herbal alternatives to its body parts. In Chhattisgarh we are still having Healers who have used its different body parts as medicine in early days. Their knowledge is still in undocumented form. The young Healers are not much aware of this knowledge. During surveys I met many Herb Vendors coming from Rajasthan having its body parts in dry form. They inform about its miraculous effects and sell it at very high price. The Healers of Chhattisgarh are aware of cheating and they informed that many times body parts of other animals are given in the name of Kabar Bijju. Selling the body parts to Healers is not the objective of the Vendors. They target natives having much money and poor knowledge about such parts. They fool such natives and earn. Although I have yet not seen it in wild but I got little success in collecting information about its traditional medicinal uses from the senior Healers.

In general its meat is not consumed as food. Its meat is used as medicine. The selection of dose plays important role in proper utilization of this meat as medicine. In general the Healers of Chhattisgarh are in favor of its use in combination with medicinal herbs. Herbs have capacity to nullify it harmful effects and vice-versa. At advanced stages of Gout when available remedies fail to give the desirable effects the Healers of Kanker region consider use of its meat as medicine. It is given once in a fifteen days as per condition of the patients. It is cooked with the help of Traditional methods and served to patients. They claim that in most of these cases in fewer doses it shows promising effects. In reference literatures related to Ayurveda it has been mentioned that its meat is especially beneficial for lungs. The Healers of Chhattisgarh are aware of this use and they use it in troubles associated with lungs. The Healers of Narharpur region informed that for the patients having problem of excessive sweating this meat is a boon. Its internal use manages this problem effectively in very less time. The Healers of Northern Chhattisgarh informed that its blood is useful in treatment of Insanity especially at advanced stages but wrong use of its other parts may results in Insanity like symptoms. It is very important information. The Healers of Southern Chhattisgarh use it in treatment of poisoning. They informed that its internal use cleans body and removes all types of toxins. While using its meat the use of Honey is considered beneficial. Its use with meat of Nevla is considered useful by the Healers of Bagbahera region.

Before writing this article I interacted with the state officers but most of them informed that it is not present in Chhattisgarh, Many of them informed about its decreasing population. There were some who claimed that it is present in abundance but no one showed me reports in favor of their claims. It seems that such reports don't exist. As the human population is increasing and we are trying to occupy every corner of world it is necessary to keep eye on every component of nature. We are having large number of unemployed youths. There is need to utilize their energy for conservation of creatures like Kabar Bijju. I feel that it is necessary to make small teams of rural youths in different parts of Chhattisgarh to keep close view on existence, movement, threat and trade of these creatures. Only through this effort we will be able to get information about actual situation that will help us to plan conservation strategies.

The quantum of body parts available with Herb Vendors of Rajasthan indicates that its killing is still in full swing in other parts of India. If they are selling genuine parts then it is more sad news. The activists reading this article are requested to come forward to verify their claims and take necessary action with the help of authorities. Seeing its decreasing population there is need for awareness program also.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates.

Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses

of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of

rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 74. Additional information on use of Mainphal in treatment of Cancer. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 75. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Potter Wasp Nest and Lac. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 76. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Sabudana and Lal Bhaji. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 77. Comments and updates on important factor affecting natural population of

Crows. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 78. New information on Nevla, its Traditional Medicinal Uses and present status. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 79. New information on Sahi and Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about it. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 80. New information on Mahua Sua (Psittacula cyanocephala). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 81. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Koyal and Gaurayya. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 82. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Teetar and Chakor. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 83. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Bulbul and Bagula. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 84. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Tortoise and Goh. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh.

Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1844&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 86. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Mor and Ullu. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Whenever I see feathers of Mor or Mayur in any village market in bulk I never miss chance to ask about its source. Whether feathers collected by killing birds or you have collected fallen feathers? Every time I receive same reply that it is feather shattered from Mor's body. It is bird of religious importance then how can we kill it? But it is bitter fact that every year number of Mor are killed in different parts of India for collection of feathers and its other body parts. For preparation of decoration articles to articles of religious ceremonies feathers are used and these uses are popular among common natives. Due to increased killing its population is decreasing at alarming rates. The senior natives of Chhattisgarh still remember old days when Mor was present in surroundings in large number and its typical melodious voice was integral part of surroundings. Now in Chhattisgarh its rich population is limited to wildlife sanctuaries. But when the visitors see these birds in such sanctuaries very few of them show interest in it. Mor is India's national bird. Since childhood I am learning about it through textbooks but I feel that these textbooks are still having less information about this valuable bird especially about its present status. There is need to add information about possible dangers and promising measures of its protection so that students can become more aware of present situation and spread the message for conservation in society. In previous research articles I have mentioned that different body parts of this bird are used as traditional medicine. The Traditional Healers are practicing this knowledge. It is used in limited number by the Healers for preparation of medicine. The

Herb Vendors and natives engaged in trade of birds collect its body parts in large amount and supply it to the buyers at national markets, instead of all measures adopted by authorities to keep close view on this illegal trade. Like Mor, Ullu (Owl) is also used as traditional medicine and its different parts are in trade. Through recent surveys I got additional information on traditional medicinal uses of both birds. I am giving details in present article.

The Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains consider bone of Mor useful externally as tooth powder. In reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India especially in Ayurveda use of bone in this way has been mentioned but instead of using directly the Healers use it with medicinal herbs in form of combinations. I have collected information on over 33 herbal combinations in which bone in powder form is added as important ingredient. These combinations are used externally as tooth powder. The Healers consider it beneficial for loosen teeth. Its use with Haldi is considered beneficial. This is the reason you will find Haldi in all formulations in which bone is added. The Healers of Durg region informed that internal use of bone is beneficial for the patients having fracture. It enhances the reunion. But as other promising and cheap alternatives are available it is used less commonly. The Herb Vendors coming from neighboring states informed that rich natives purchase bone in large amount, as they believe that its presence in home keeps evil spirits away. I have yet not found science of this belief. The natives engaged in Tantra activities also purchase bone in high price.

The Traditional Healers use its freshly collected blood in treatment of old wound. It is used with fresh juice of many medicinal herbs including Neem and Ekdandi. Its blood-based combinations are considered as promising wound healer. These combinations are used at advanced stages. The Healers of Ambikapur region claimed that they have used it successfully in treatment of cancerous wound. This is important information. The senior Healers of Bastar region informed that in early days when surroundings were rich in Mor population they were using it quite commonly for old wounds. But know they are using herbal alternatives. Many of them informed that herbal alternatives are more promising than its blood. I feel that there is need to share this information with other Healers engaged in using blood as medicine. This awareness will reduce killing of these birds to some extent.

Its different body parts are added in herbal combinations used in treatment of old fever. This knowledge is limited to few Healers and in general they don't disclose information about it. Meat of Mor is consumed by natives. In general natives engaged in heavy fieldwork are suggested to consume this meat. It takes much time in digestion. I have noted that it is consumed in special occasions. The senior natives of Kanker region informed that use of Amli with this meat helps in its proper digestion.

I have mentioned in previous research articles that wooden bowls prepared from Jhau are used in treatment of spleen related troubles. In advanced stages the Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains suggest the patients to take blood of common Owl specially Barn Owl present in surroundings along with use of bowl. According to them the internal use of blood helps in increasing the performance of Jhau. This use is mentioned in ancient literatures also. It shows its efficacy, as it is still popular among the Healers. Patients are advised to take blood under strict supervision of Healers as over dose is considered very harmful to brain. Aware of its harmful effects many Healers of present generation avoid its use and adopt herbal alternatives. The use of blood in treatment of Enuresis is also mentioned in reference literatures but it is used less commonly in Chhattisgarh for this purpose. The Healers manage this problem easily with the help of herbs like Chhui-Mui.

As mentioned earlier the information given in this article is additional information to previous research articles written on Mor and Owl. In general Mor and Owl collected from any region is used for preparation of medicines. The Healers have no strict selection criteria. During interactions when I raised the issue to decreasing population due to use as traditional medicine and suggested promotion of captive breeding so that demand of medicines can be fulfilled and natural population can be saved, most of the Healers gave positive response. But big question is still with us that who will do this job?

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 74. Additional information on use of Mainphal in treatment of Cancer. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 75. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Potter Wasp Nest and Lac. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 76. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Sabudana and Lal Bhaji. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 77. Comments and updates on important factor affecting natural population of Crows. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 78. New information on Nevla, its Traditional Medicinal Uses and present status. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 79. New information on Sahi and Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about it. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 80. New information on Mahua Sua (Psittacula cyanocephala). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 81. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Koyal and Gaurayya.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 82. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Teetar and Chakor. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 83. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Bulbul and Bagula. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 84. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Tortoise and Goh. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 85. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Kabar Bijju. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1846&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 87. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Chamgadar and Bhediya. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing In Indian state Chhattisgarh common Bats stay in many types of indigenous trees but among exotic trees it prefers trees of Eucalyptus sp.. While visiting famous Bastar region of Chhattisgarh I never miss to show co-passengers the large number of Bat using Eucalyptus trees for stay in Keshkal town. This scene is common in other parts of Chhattisgarh also. No study has been done so far that why Bat prefers these exotic trees but my environmentalist friend aware of harmful effects of this exotic tree always says that all negative energies live in one place. Chamgadar or Bat is not much liked in general, by common natives. There are many stories in existence in the state having negative impression of this useful creature. I am reading such stories since childhood. As result throughout my childhood and even in young age I was much afraid of it. Later when I read about it and during Ethnobotanical surveys in different parts of Chhattisgarh the natives living in forest regions informed me about important role played by this species in Nature I started loving it. The reference literatures describe occurrence of many species of Bat in the state but the Traditional Healers divide it in three types. Bat dependent on fruit juice is fist type. Small sized Bat living in remote forests constitutes second type and Bat living in caves is kept in third group. In traditional systems of medicine all three types are used as medicine. In general the Healers prefer use of first type. I have identified it as Pteropus giganteus. In previous research articles I have mentioned that how the Healers as well as natives engaged in Tantra activities use different body parts of Bat as medicine. Through recent surveys I got additional information on this aspect. In present article I am giving details about it. I am also giving additional information regarding traditional medicinal uses of once common not now becoming rare, wild animal Jackal, locally known as Bhediya.

In general the Traditional healers of Chhattisgarh treating common diseases avoid use of meat of Bat as medicine. They consider it harmful for general health. The Healers of Durg region informed that its internal use in large amount results in brain related troubles. The Healers of Bagbahera region informed that its over dose results in fall of hair within very less time. Hence they avoid using it in any form. The Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh having expertise in treatment of different types of cancer see this creature with much respect as its body parts are

having capacity to save many lives. The Healers of Southern Chhattisgarh informed that its bad effects on hair clearly indicates that its internal use affects the body parts where continuous growth occurs. This bad property of Bat meat for normal native can become boon for the patients having cancer as it spreads or multiplies very fastly. They claim that judicious use of this meat is having immense potential to stop the spread of cancer. This is the reason it is given as supplement treatment and many times as main remedy in treatment of cancer. I have seen its use many times. Patients vomit its meat after taking it most of the time and raised objection about its bad taste but Healers request them to take it as it is life saving drug. I am much impressed by the explanation of the Healers regarding its mode of action. I see it as scientific explanation as modern experts adopt similar approach in cancer chemotherapy. And after this therapy activity of all fast multiplying cells gets stopped. Such therapy results in loss of hair. The use of Bat meat in treatment of cancer has yet not been reported in reference literatures. Through this research article it is coming among the world community for the first time. I am feeling proud to document this knowledge. The expert Healers are not ready to give full credit to Bat. They give it half credit for miraculous effects. Half credit is given to wild fruits on which Bat feeds. Many senior Healers tried the combination of wild fruits preferred by Bat but failed to get good results. Later they tried full fed Bat or more precisely few hours after feeding on wild fruits. They got desired results. The same species living in urban regions are not expected to give the same results as it feeds on fruits of exotic trees generally planted in modern urban areas. The Healers of Ambikapur region are also using it for the same purpose but they are not much aware of the science of use. Many of them informed that its internal use flushes out all the toxins from body. This is the reason they use it at specific interval while long treatment of cancer.

The reference literatures related to Ayurveda mention that ash collected after burning Bat is useful for eye related troubles. Its use is very beneficial for eyesight. The Healers of Chhattisgarh are not much aware of it. They use medicinal herbs for this purpose. Due to its bad taste its meat is not consumed by common natives. This is the reason that there is less threat to its natural population. The Healers aware of its medicinal uses are limited in number and they use it less commonly. Hence this use is not becoming curse for its natural population.

Like Bat meat, Jackal meat is not consumed by common natives. In reference literatures the use of its different body parts as medicine has been mentioned. The Traditional Healers are also aware of it. The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains use the heart of this animal in treatment of liver related troubles in human beings. It is used as last hope when all other remedies fail to give the desired effects. It is always used with medicinal herbs in form of herbal combinations. Badly damaged liver due to over use of alcoholic drinks is treated with such combinations. The Healers informed that due to ban on hunting it is hard to get heart but in case of emergency they take risk. Many Healers informed that they are searching herbal alternatives in order to avoid this

risk.

The Herb vendors of Chhattisgarh and neighboring states like Orissa and Jharkhand sell gall bladder of this animal in dry form. In form of paste externally it is suggested to apply on male genitals in order to increase sexual performance. They informed that it is really effective and they have specific buyers for it. They sell it at very high price. I met and interacted many Vendors but yet not met its users. Many Healers confirmed its efficacy whereas others said that this target can be achieved by simple use of medicinal herbs. The Herb Vendors also sell powdered bone of Jackal as internal remedy for Lumbago. They suggest its use up to one month. The Healers of Chhattisgarh informed that if genuine bone is used then it really gives promising effects.

I am aware that very few researchers around the world are working on Folk Zootherapy. As Bat and Jackal both are common in other parts of the world also I feel that studies on this important aspect in such parts are also required. There is need to interact and share this knowledge with the Traditional Healers of such parts so that through joint effort world community can be benefited.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 74. Additional information on use of Mainphal in treatment of Cancer. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 75. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Potter Wasp Nest and Lac. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 76. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Sabudana and Lal Bhaji. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 77. Comments and updates on important factor affecting natural population of Crows. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 78. New information on Nevla, its Traditional Medicinal Uses and present status. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 79. New information on Sahi and Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about it. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 80. New information on Mahua Sua (Psittacula cyanocephala). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 81. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Koyal and Gaurayya. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 82. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Teetar and Chakor. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 83. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Bulbul and Bagula. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 84. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Tortoise and Goh. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 85. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Kabar Bijju. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 86. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Mor and Ullu. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1849&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 88. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Hathi and Hiran. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing As the human population pressure is increasing the human-elephant conflict is becoming very common in different parts of India including in Chhattisgarh. Through my research articles in Ecoport I have suggested many traditional ways to avoid this conflict and to limit elephant population in specific areas but it seems that this information has yet not reached to the authorities. Hunting and killing of Elephants are well known around the world. Authorities are taking different steps to stop it. In local newspapers we read news that elephant body parts are seized in different parts of Chhattisgarh. It shows that the poachers and people engaged in illegal trade are still active. In Chhattisgarh the natives and Traditional Healers see elephants as wild animal of religious importance. I have mentioned in previous research articles that urine and excreta of this animal are used as traditional medicine both internally as well as externally in treatment of many diseases. In the state very few Healers are aware of traditional medicinal uses of different body parts of elephant. They use it less commonly. Few months back some experts from New Delhi asked me to give details that up to what extent the traditional uses are responsible for hunting of this animal. My answer was 'very less'. In earlier days when forests are having rich population of elephants at that time this medicinal knowledge was in full use. Now it is becoming endangered knowledge like endangered elephants. Through recent surveys I got additional information about traditional medicinal uses of Elephant body parts as medicine. I am giving details with the purpose of documentation. You will find additional information about Deer also in this article.

In general meat of Elephant is not consumed due to its odd taste. The Traditional Healers of Northern Chhattisgarh informed that the internal use of this meat in limited amount is useful in treatment of old fevers. It is used as supplement remedy along with main treatment. While use of its meat the patients are advised to take cow milk in bulk in order to nullify its harmful effects on health. In early days this knowledge was in practice. It is considered effective as veterinary medicine also. These days the Healers are using forest herbs like Kalmegh to manage such troubles. The Healers of Bastar region informed that in early days this region was rich in natural population of elephants now it is hard to see single elephant in wild. They consider meat of

elephant cool in nature and informed that in early days it was in use to treat patients having Insanity. They suggest use of Amli in any form while taking this meat for its better utilization inside body. The use of cow milk is not considered useful. Many Healers of Raigarh region informed that this meat is useful in treatment of eye diseases. They have heard about it from their seniors but never used it. I am aware that from documentation point of view it is important information.

Although its hunting is banned like other wild animals but still Deer's meat is consumed by the natives living in forest regions. They are aware that it takes much time in digestion. But due to its unique taste they consume it. The Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh consider this meat useful for the patients having poor vitality. In general patients with good digestion and engaged in physical activities are suggested to consume this meat. As mentioned earlier that the Healers of Chhattisgarh consider its skin useful in treatment of many diseases. In general it is used as bed sheet and patients having excessive body heat are suggested to sleep on it. Its regular use in this way up to few days gives much relief to the patients. The Healers of Durg region are also aware of this use but they consider use of Kamal leaves more promising than Deerskin. It is common belief among the natives of forest regions that presence of this skin in house repels harmful insects. It is also mentioned in reference literatures related to Ayurveda but I have yet not seen its practical use for this purpose. The nature of meat is considered hot. This is the reason the Healers use it in treatment of diseases due to cold. The patients having paralysis are suggested to take this meat if available. The Healers of Bastar region consider it useful in treatment of respiratory troubles. In general the users are suggested to take Dhania, Curd and Ghee with this meat for its better assimilation inside body.

Although above-mentioned information is less but very important. It is very good to observe that Healers are now using as well as searching herbal alternatives. There is need to spread the information about these alternatives among the Healers still relying on body parts of these wild animals.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 74. Additional information on use of Mainphal in treatment of Cancer. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 75. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Potter Wasp Nest and Lac. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 76. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Sabudana and Lal Bhaji. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 77. Comments and updates on important factor affecting natural population of Crows. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 78. New information on Nevla, its Traditional Medicinal Uses and present status. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 79. New information on Sahi and Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about it. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 80. New information on Mahua Sua (Psittacula cyanocephala). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 81. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Koyal and Gaurayya. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 82. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Teetar and Chakor. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 83. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Bulbul and Bagula. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 84. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Tortoise and Goh. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 85. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Kabar Bijju. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 86. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Mor and Ullu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 87. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Chamgadar and Bhediya. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin

Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1851&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 89. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Moonga. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Since time immemorial the Traditional Healers of Indian state Chhattisgarh are using roots of Chhui-Mui both internally as well as externally in treatment of Enuresis. In order to increase the performance of this herb they add many types of other herbs. I have mentioned about it in detail in my previous research articles. During recent surveys I got new information about addition of Moonga commonly known as Red Coral in Mimosa based combinations for the same purpose. The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains practice this knowledge. They informed that Moonga is rubbed in rough stone and paste is added in the combination. Combination of Moonga and Mimosa is considered useful for the children having weak heart and facing the problem of Insomnia. In India Moonga is considered important in the field of Astrology. Natives wear it as per suggestion of Astrologers. The reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India especially in Ayurveda information about medicinal uses of Moonga has been mentioned but I was not expecting this information in Chhattisgarh. The Healers of the state use Moonga both internally as well as externally. They depend on the Herb Vendors coming from far states for the availability of Moonga. As sea as well as Coral is not present in the state many

Healers purchase it from local herb shops. Although it is used less commonly but I am aware that from documentation point of view it is important to write every available information in its original form. I am giving details collected through recent surveys in this article.

The Healers of different regions use different traditional methods to test the purity of Moonga. I have collected information about 12 such methods. Most of the methods are based on visual observation. The Healers complained about adulteration specially when they purchase it in form of fine powder for the purpose of making medicines. The senior Healers prefer Moonga in original form in order to avoid this adulteration. They informed that in early days the adulterants were making the formulation less effective but modern adulterants are causing damage to patient's health.

The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains suggest internal use of Moonga as natural vitaliser. It is considered useful for the natives of all age group. The Healers of Durg region informed that in treatment of modern diseases they have tried it successfully. In treatment of patients having modern diseases in which natural body resistance decreases they use it in combination of medicinal herbs as supplement treatment. They have found its internal use with Pueraria tuberosa very useful. In general they avoid use of Moonga alone. In rare cases when it is used they suggest the patients to take plenty of cow milk for its proper utilization.

The Healers of Kanker region consider it useful in treatment of liver related troubles. It is added in popular herbal combinations as important ingredient. Due to poor availability and high cost many Healers avoid its use and try herbal alternatives. The senior Healers of Narharpur region informed that in early days they have used it in treatment of rich natives. According to them based on prices different types of Moonga are available. One must use high priced Moonga after testing its purity in order to get desired effects.

The Healers of Northern Chhattisgarh use combination of Red Velvet Mite and Moonga in treatment of Paralysis. According to the Healers in combination it acts in promising ways. While using this combination the patients are advised to take Honey in large amount as it is considered useful for proper utilization of this combination inside body. Honey collected at the end of rainy season is preferred. In general the Healers use this combination under their strict supervision.

The senior Healers of Raigarh region are aware of its use in treatment of advanced stages of respiratory troubles but they prefer use of medicinal herbs in place of Moonga. Many of them

informed that its wrong dose especially in terms of over dose causes harm to kidneys. They gave emphasis on its judicious use. The Healers of Southern Chhattisgarh informed that they add it in many of their popular herbal combinations used as sex tonic. These combinations are prepared for one time use especially for the rich natives. In early days they were preparing it for the royal families.

The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains are having long list of herbs that are not used with Moonga in any combination. Hadjod, Koha and Doomar are among these herbs. They are not aware of scientific reason for this restriction but as traditional practice they are following it sincerely.

During childhood when I was getting minor injuries frequently on advice of Astrologer my Mother purchased a ring having Moonga. I used it up to many years. I am not very sure about its effect but for this purpose its use is still popular among the natives. The above-mentioned new information has attracted my attention and generated interest towards Moonga. Through ongoing surveys I am trying to get more information on it specially its use in treatment of modern diseases.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 74. Additional information on use of Mainphal in treatment of Cancer. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 75. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Potter Wasp Nest and Lac. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 76. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Sabudana and Lal Bhaji. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 77. Comments and updates on important factor affecting natural population of Crows. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 78. New information on Nevla, its Traditional Medicinal Uses and present status. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 79. New information on Sahi and Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about it. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 80. New information on Mahua Sua (Psittacula cyanocephala). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 81. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Koyal and Gaurayya. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 82. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Teetar and Chakor. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 83. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Bulbul and Bagula. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 84. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Tortoise and Goh. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 85. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Kabar Bijju. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 86. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Mor and Ullu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 87. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Chamgadar and Bhediya. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 88. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Hathi and Hiran. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia

Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1859&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 90. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Agave. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing Many plant species in Chhattisgarh are used as live fence. Agave is one of these species. It is popular as live fence among authorities as well as farmers. After initial care it grows very rapidly and within few years it gets shape of thick fence. It is effective against cattle as well as wild animals. In Chhattisgarh Plains farmers in general use one line but later it becomes thicker fence with many lines. In forest regions for protection of crops from wild animals farmers plant it in many rows. It is locally known as Ketki. During recent surveys the farmers of Chhattisgarh Plains informed that they have observed less damage by monkeys in fields having Ketki as compared to normal fields. Many of them said that it is even more useful than barbed wire when infestation by monkeys is considered. It is very interesting information. I have mentioned in previous research articles that many farmers have found Seetaphal as plant that is not liked by monkeys. The observation of farmers regarding Agave is in same line. They suggested that if we remove the big trees from our farms and use many lines of Agave as live fence it will definitely affect the free movement of monkeys. They claimed that it is due to its spiny leaves monkeys hesitate to jump from it. As you know due to thick growth it shelters many types of snakes. Monkeys are always afraid of snakes. This may be another reason that monkeys avoid moving through it. Presence of snakes is beneficial for farmers as its population keeps control over rat population. Through this research article I would like to request the researchers and activists working on this problem to conduct small trials in their areas using Ketki and other such spiny live fences and share their experiences so that we can suggest farmers around the world about its use with examples. Agave is in use as traditional medicine in different parts of Chhattisgarh. I have written a lot on its different aspects in my previous research articles. Through recent surveys I got additional information on this aspect. I am giving details in present article.

The Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains informed that they have found encouraging results during its use in treatment of different types of cancer especially in blood cancer. Its leaves and leaf juice are used for this purpose. It is given during morning time and use of juice is preferred. Based on the condition as well as age of patients they decide the dose but in general

one normal cup of juice is given as single dose. They claim that this juice is having capacity to purify body. The senior Healers tried to explain that its judicious use up to one month or more eliminates all harmful toxins from body. These toxins are considered as root cause of cancer. They claimed that its judicious use stops the spread of cancer. They use the Hindi word for Judicious very frequently because this juice is not suitable for every patient. Most of the patients react very badly to it. Vomiting is very first reaction but many times when it is given with herbs having capacity to stop vomiting specific type of itch develops in body. This trouble forces patients to stop its use and ask for other herbal combinations. The senior Healers of Durg region informed that they add common weeds growing near to this herb in nature in order to nullify its harmful effects. Oxalis corniculata and Muscaini are among these herbs. I have listed over 400 species of herbs used by the Healers for this purpose with varying degrees of success.

In Lateritic soil Agave grows easily without care but in general Agave growing in this soil is not considered suitable for preparation of medicine for blood cancer. They prefer Agave growing in clay soil. Very few Healers practice Traditional Allelopathic Knowledge in order to enrich it with medicinal properties. Bark leachate of Amli and Char are among the herbal solutions used by senior Healers of Gariaband region for this purpose. While practicing this knowledge they utter Mantras and worship the selected plants also. In general nature of Agave is considered hot. This is the reason its use during winter is suggested but as cancer is not a seasonal trouble the Healers have to use it during hot summer also. The Healers of Bilaspur region consider use of Mentha and Bramhi while taking Agave juice helps in its proper utilization and also keeps body cool. Both herbs are popularly used as Chutney in the region. The Healers using Agave for this purpose informed that this is their traditional knowledge but many of them informed that Agave is not very old plant in the region and their knowledge is new in comparison to other knowledge.

The Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains informed about new use of Agave flowers. They suggest the youth having poor vigor to use its flower once in a week in special way. Flowers are fried in cow ghee and taken internally. It gives strength. They consider it useful for the natives of all age groups in different doses. When I shared this information with the Healers of Kanker region they suggested addition of Bambri Gond in it in order to get more promising effects. But addition of this Gond limits its use up to tonic for youth only. I have mentioned in previous research articles that alone and in combination with other medicinal herbs Bambri Gond is used in this way as tonic specially sex tonic. The Healers of Bastar region informed that the use of Agave flowers in this way is also beneficial for patients having respiratory troubles.

The above-mentioned additional information about traditional uses is very valuable. Every generation develops new uses of plants present in surroundings but by ignoring it we miss lot of valuable information. This is the reason I never miss to document all information in its original form so that it can help the human society in coming future.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates.

Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses

of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of

rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 74. Additional information on use of Mainphal in treatment of Cancer. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 75. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Potter Wasp Nest and Lac. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 76. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Sabudana and Lal Bhaji. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 77. Comments and updates on important factor affecting natural population of

Crows. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 78. New information on Nevla, its Traditional Medicinal Uses and present status. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 79. New information on Sahi and Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about it. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 80. New information on Mahua Sua (Psittacula cyanocephala). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 81. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Koyal and Gaurayya. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 82. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Teetar and Chakor. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 83. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Bulbul and Bagula. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 84. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Tortoise and Goh. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 85. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Kabar Bijju. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 86. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Mor and Ullu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 87. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Chamgadar and Bhediya. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 88. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Hathi and Hiran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 89. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Moonga. Related References

Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1861&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 91. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Chhui Mitti. Pankaj Oudhia Abstract This research article is a part of series titled Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh by the author. Traditional Healing In general many types of soils are used in Indian state Chhattisgarh as traditional medicine. Soils are used both internally as well as externally but its external use is much popular. Different

medicinal soils are used as home remedies. The Traditional Healers are having rich traditional medicinal knowledge on this aspect. They use these soils as internal remedies also. In general they believe that herbs growing on specific soil play special role in enriching it with medicinal properties and vice-versa. When soil is collected from places where there is no vegetation then they use it for specific purposes. In previous research articles I have written a lot of different aspects of medicinal soils including Chhui Mitti in the state. During recent surveys I got additional information on this aspect. I am giving details in present article.

In lower amount the Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains use Chhui Mitti in treatment of blood related troubles. It is used internally. As mentioned in previous research articles that scientifically it is oxidized Iron oxide. It contains iron and iron is part of human blood. The Healers are not much concerned with this scientific information. This soil is added as important ingredient in over 150 types of Herbal Formulations used for blood related troubles. The young Healers informed its promising use in treatment of gynecological troubles whereas the senior Healers use it in treatment of complicated diseases like Sickle Cell Anaemia. They use it in all stages of this trouble. For initial stage they use it in little amount and gradually increase the doses. It is not used as single remedy. Medicinal herbs are added to help the body in its proper utilization. They prefer its collection from mines. In Chhattisgarh Chhuikhadan is a famous town for its mines. The Healers prefer the soil collected from these mines for preparation of medicine. Many times they depend on the Herb Vendors of neighboring state Orissa. Chhui is present in the list of medicines available with these Herb Vendors.

The Healers of Rajnandgaon region informed that its regular use to wash body is having many beneficial effects on skin. They claim that it protects from skin cancer. In general skin injuries due to hot sun are treated with the help of this soil. In form of aqueous paste this soil is applied on affected parts. Tulsi, Neem and Aloe juices are used to prepare this aqueous paste. Soil is not considered mere as carrier of herb juice. The senior Healers informed that due to its miraculous healing effects this soil is closely associated with their religious ceremonies.

The Healers of Kanker region use this soil as tonic. They add it in popular herbal combinations given to patients recovering from exhaustive diseases. They consider winter as best season for its internal use but as per need they give it round the year in different doses. The Healers of Narharpur region use this soil internally as blood purifier. Patients having different types of skin troubles due to impure blood are given this soil internally as supplement treatment. The Healers of Bastar region are aware of this use but they prefer use of medicinal herbs for it. Many of them informed that use of this soil in wrong doses many times results in digestive system related troubles. They consider it harmful for the patients having Kidney related troubles specially Renal

Calculi. The Healers of Dantewada region informed that in case of such patients they prefer its use with Kulthi Dal for better utilization. The Healers of this region use it internally in treatment of Piles also. It gives good results at initial stages. They suggest the patients having poor digestion to use this soil as medicine with large amount of cow ghee.

The Healers of Bagbahera region are aware of use of this soil in combination with other medicinal soils. They collect soil from shade of old Pipal tree and mix it with Chhui Mitti. The combination is used internally in treatment of Ulcerative Colitis. This was new information for me. They use it at all stages and claim that through judicious use of this combination one can get rid from this trouble effectively in very less time. I feel that there is need for systematic clinical trials on this aspect after taking consent of the Healers.

The cattle owners of Chhattisgarh use this soil quite commonly in treatment of different troubles. In case of swelling in cow they use it externally in form of paste. In combination with Gud it is given internally just after delivery. According to them its internal use at this time protects cows from different types of infection.

Although reference literatures related to different systems of medicine in India mention many medicinal uses of this soil but most of the above-mentioned information about traditional medicinal uses are new to world community. Through on-going surveys I am trying my best to collect more information on this aspect.

Keep reading my research articles at Ecoport for updates. Related Ecoport Articles and Tables Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 3. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 4. Interactions with the Honey Collectors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 5. Some important observations in Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 6. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 7. Interactions with the Fishermen of Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 8. Interesting information on folk zootherapy collected from Gariaband and Mainpur regions. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 9. Some interesting information on Safed Gunja (White seeded Abrus precatorius). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 10. Comments of natives and Traditional Healers regarding herbs mentioned in Garud Puran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 11. New information on uses of medicinal soils. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 12. New information on Dataun and potherbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 13. New information on herbs used in treatment of Leucoderma. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 14. New information on medicinal uses of Chana and Tiwra. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 15. New information on different types of Agarbatti. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 16. New information on traditional Tree Shade Therapy. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 17. New information on medicinal uses of flowers. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 18. Additional information on common and rare herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 19. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 20. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 21. Interactions with the senior Barbers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 22. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 23. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 24. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Dhamtari region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 25. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Bagbahera region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 26. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bastar region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 27. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 28. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Farasgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 29. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Bhanupratappur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 30. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Bilaspur region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 31. Interactions with the senior natives of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 32. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 33. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 34. Interactions with the senior natives of Kanker region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 35. Interactions with the Farmers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 36. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Durg region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 37. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Saraipali region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 38. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Raigarh region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 39. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 40. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 41. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 42. Interactions with the Senior Natives of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 43. Interactions with the Herb Vendors of Gandai region.

Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 44. Interactions with the farmers of Gandai region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 45. Interactions with the farmers of Rajnandgaon region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 46. Interactions with the farmers of Bilaspur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 47. Interactions with the farmers of Bastar region having rich traditional medicinal knowledge about minor millets. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 48. Interactions with the farmers of Raipur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 49. Information on traditional medicinal uses of different Cyperus species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 50. Interactions with the Herb Vendors having information on medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 51. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on less known uses of medicinal Sedges. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 52. Interactions with the Traditional Healers having information on medicinal uses of Champa. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 53. Additional information on Ramphal. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 54. Additional information on Vanda sp.. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 55. Additional information on Kusum. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 56. Additional information on Aithi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 57. Some interesting information related to herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 58. Interaction with the Traditional Healers of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 59. Interactions with the Herb Collectors of Narharpur region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 60. Comments of Traditional Healers on Ancient formulation useful for Syphilis. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 61. Information on different types of Laddu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 62. Additional information on use of Herbal Mala for gynecological troubles. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 63. Additional information on Ipomoea species. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 64. Additional information on less used medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 65. Interactions with the senior Traditional Healers of Chhattisgarh Plains aware of rare formulations. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 66. Interactions with the Traditional Healers of Janjgir-Champa region. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 67. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of Jam. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 68. Additional information on harms due to over use of medicinal herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 69. Additional information on traditional medicinal uses of common weeds. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 70. Additional information on Allelopathic Association of medicinal trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 71. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Three Common Fruit Trees. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 72. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Parsa and Harpharevadi. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 73. Additional information on use of Ajmod with Local Medicinal Herbs. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 74. Additional information on use of Mainphal in treatment of Cancer. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 75. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Potter Wasp Nest and Lac. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 76. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Sabudana and Lal Bhaji. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 77. Comments and updates on important factor affecting natural population of Crows. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 78. New information on Nevla, its Traditional Medicinal Uses and present status. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 79. New information on Sahi and Traditional Medicinal Knowledge about it. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 80. New information on Mahua Sua (Psittacula cyanocephala). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state

Chhattisgarh. 81. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Koyal and Gaurayya. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 82. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Teetar and Chakor. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 83. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Bulbul and Bagula. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 84. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Tortoise and Goh. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 85. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Kabar Bijju. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 86. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Mor and Ullu. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 87. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Chamgadar and Bhediya. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 88. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Hathi and Hiran. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 89. New information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Moonga. Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 90. Additional information on Traditional Medicinal Uses of Agave. Related References Green EC (1999) Engaging Indigenous African Healers in the Prevention of AIDS and STDs Bastien JW (1989) Healers of the Andes: Kallawaya Herbalists and Their Medicinal Plants Abdool Karim SSA Ziqubu-Page TT Arendse R (1994) Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa Green EC (1985) Traditional healers, mothers and childhood diarrhoeal disease in Swaziland: the interface of anthropology and health education Reynolds P (1996) Traditional healers and childhood in Zimbabwe Staugard F (1985) Traditional Medicine in Botswana: traditional healers Ehrenreich B. English D. (1973) Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: A History of Women Healers

Leonard K.L. (1997) African traditional healers: incentives and skill in health care delivery McClain C. (1989) Women as Healers: Cross-Cultural Perspectives Sargent C. (1989) Womens Roles and Women Healers in Contemporary Rural and Urban Benin Oudhia P. (2006) Paramparik Chikitsak Kya Dilwa Payenge Mukti Bird Flu Se?(Can Traditional Healers give freedom from Bird Flu?). Article in Hindi. Oudhia P. (2006) Working with the real health experts : traditional healers of Chhattisgarh. Oudhia P. (2006) Jameen aasman ka antar hai jhola chhap Doctor aur Paramparik Chikitsak main. (There is much difference between Quacks and Traditional Healers.)- Hindi Article. Internet Links Research Articles - Indian Herbal Research & Methods By Pankaj Oudhia Original Research Document http://ecoport.org/ep?SearchType=earticleView&earticleId=1862&page=-2 For Complete Document please check CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity).

How to Cite this Research Document Oudhia, P. (2010). Results of Ethnobotanical surveys conducted from January to August 2006 in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 1-91. (Compilation of Research Documents) http://www.pankajoudhia.com

Pankaj Oudhia