St Ursulas College Kingsgrove Design and Technology

Safety Instruction

Termite

Contents
General Safety Hand Tools Linisher Disc Sander Scroll Saw Drill Press Jig Saw Bandsaw Trimmer 3 5 7 9 12 15 18 21 24

Safe Working Procedures and Instruction General Workshop Safety

The risk of injury when undertaking Workshop activities will depend on the equipment

PERSONAL SAFETY Each individual student must realise that we are all responsible for our own safety and the safety of others. This means that we avoid situations, and avoid creating situations which place ourselves and others in danger or at risk to physical injury. In practical workshops we can expect to be in situations where danger exists or there is a possibility of an accident occurring. To achieve PERSONAL SAFETY while in a practical workshop, an awareness of the safety requirement in several areas is required. These areas are seen in the table below: AREAS REQUIRING SAFETY AWARENESS The wearing of suitable clothing and attire. The necessity for suitable behaviour. Adequate ventilation and lighting. Safe storage of equipment. An organised and tidy work area. Protection from machine parts and hot objects. Adequate first aid supplies. Fire protection equipment. RULES FOR CLOTHING AND APPAREL WHEN WORKING IN A PRACTICAL WORKSHOP 1. Shoes of a thick leather or imitation leather on both the soles, and uppers must be worn. Shoes made partly or wholly of thin material, sandals or thongs are not permitted. 2. Loose fitting pieces of apparel, long sleeves, ties and bangles etc. may get caught in a machine and hence, must be restrained or removed. The wearing of an apron, which when tied at the back will reduce this problem. 3. When operating a machine, PPE such as safety spectacles must be worn and long hair must be restrained.
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4. When casting, forging or welding, leather gloves, spats and apron must be worn. 5. Metal watches and rings should be removed before using an Electric Arc Welder to avoid severe burns, and never keep flammable items near the work area. 6. Wear a breathing mask and eye protection when spraying painting or machine sanding. SAFE WORKING HABITS Avoid boisterous behaviour; never run, always walk at a suitable pace. Watch where you are going avoid bumping other students. Do not carry sharp tools or objects in your pockets. Return equipment to its proper storage place as soon as convenient. Wash your hands at the end of the lesson and after handling acids, plastic solutions and other dangerous liquids. Do not rub your eyes with your hands. Some solutions, e.g. plastic catalysts can cause permanent eye damage on contact. Know where rags or cotton waste are stored, so that you can wipe up any spillage of liquids as soon as possible. When large items have to be moved i.e. timber or metal sheets, make sure that the way is clear, and use leather gloves if necessary. Storage of jobs and material must be such that they are easily accessible and will not fall. Do not allow nails, or sharp objects to remain embedded in the work benches. Vices, tools and jobs must not protrude further than necessary from the bench or machine. Learn the positions and types of fire extinguishes in the room. Inform the teacher if you have an accident, feel ill, or suffer from any giddiness, poor eyesight or poor hearing. Know where the First Aid Station is positioned in the workshop. Report any tool or machine fault, which could cause an accident. Do not leave hot objects in areas where they do not belong; i.e. on workbenches. Before using a machine make sure you have had instruction and training in the use of the machine and satisfactorily completed the OHS test. Seek and gain teacher approval prior to using any machine in the workshop. Ensure all other students keep outside the machine safety zones at all times. Wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to protect your eyes such as safety spectacles, a cap to restrain long hair and dust masks to protect you from air borne contaminants and fumes.

Safe Working Procedures and Instruction Woodworking Hand Tools

The risk of injury when using this equipment is LOW - Level 1 Risk The majority of tools used in the Woodwork room are hand tools. The fact that the shape and design of these tools has changed very little since their invention demonstrates their efficiency and ease of use. These hand tools can be broken into three major categories: CUTTING TOOLS
Coping Saw: Used for cutting curved edges. Tenon Saw: Used for sawing tenons and general bench sawing work. Jack Plane: Used for removing rough surfaces and planing work almost to size. Chisel: Used for light, bench chiselling, paring, joint construction.

MARKING OUT TOOLS

Try Square: Uses: i) For testing flatness and squareness. ii) For extending lines at right angles. Marking Knife: Used for cutting lines on work surface where a shoulder is to be cut with a saw or chisel. Marking Gauge: Uses: i) For marking lines parallel to a face or face edge. ii) For marking thickness or width measurements on timber

TOOLS FOR ASSEMBLING Claw Hammer: Used for general purpose hammering. Warrington Hammer: Used for driving nails into the wood. Especially useful for nailing small nails. Mallet: Used for driving tools with wooden or plastic handles. Screwdrivers: For driving in or removing woodscrews. Pincers: Used for extracting nails. Bradawl: Used to bore holes for starting screws and nails. G Clamp: Used for securing the work when sawing or chiselling an for holding pieces of wood together after glue has been applied.

Identified Risks and Hazards

Hazards that may arise when working with wood handtools include: moving and rotating parts (tool disintegration) movement of the workpiece inhalation of dust particles cuts and puncture wounds to the hands slip, trip and fall accidents Avoid boisterous behaviour; never run, always walk at a suitable pace. Watch where you are going avoid bumping other students. Do not carry sharp tools or objects in your pockets.
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Operating Safety Precautions Hand tools are responsible for the majority of accidents in the workshop. For this reason there are a number of safety rules to be followed: Never run or fool around in the workshop. Carry cutting tools with the sharp edge pointing down. Keep your whole body behind the cutting edge of tools. Put all unused tools back in the storage rack where they belong. Use the correct tool for the correct purpose. Tools kept in good condition help produce a good accurate job. Always adjust, repair or inform the teacher of damaged or blunt tools. Always lay planes on their side after use. Never use a file without a handle. Always remember that saws and chisels cut fingers easier than they cut wood. Never use a hammer with a loose fitting head.

Safe Working Procedures and Instruction Belt Linishing Machine - Linisher

The risk of injury when using this machine is MODERATE Level 2 Risk A Linishing machine is a type of belt sander that is either of the bench type or mounted on a fabricated stand. Also known as a Linisher it is often incorporated with a disc sander, both being run by the one motor. The Linishing machine is suitable for smoothing flat surfaces, sides, edges and chamfers, on the sanding belt which s 100-150mm wide. The abrasive belt is made out of aluminium oxide Compounds, which comes in different grades (60, 80, 100 & 120).

The sanding belt moves at a fixed speed of around 500 metres per minute on a bench machine and between 300 and 900 mpm(approx.) on a floor-mounted machine. These machines have variable speeds. In some machines the belt can be changed from a horizontal to a vertical position. The sanding belt is tensioned between two flat belt pulleys, the leading pulley being driven either: 1. Direct from the motor shaft; or 2. By vee belt and stepped pulleys. Below the belt on the work table is either a highly polished surface or a graphite impregnated material known as a slip cloth. The slip cloth is the better of the two, reducing heat and friction to a minimum and considerably increasing abrasive belt life. The job being sanded is held in both hands then slowly placed on the belt and against the stop. The work piece should not be moved sideways whilst sanding, as this tends to move the belt off the pulleys. Some Linishers have an adjustable fence in line with the belt, which can be adjusted at any angle from 45 to 90 with the surface of the belt. Identified Risks and Hazards Hazards that may arise when operating fixed wood machinery include: moving and rotating parts (blades and bits, tool disintegration) movement of the workpiece inhalation of fumes and dust particles electrocution from power faults, faulty equipment or incorrect use ejection of waste materials from cutting blades burns from hot materials or friction hand and finger injuries from rotating blades, spindles or pulleys electrocution from equipment or cords squash, pinch and crush injuries
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swarf being ejected from machines

Pre-Operational Safety Check that the dust extraction system is working properly. Check the condition of the sanding pad and ensure that all guards are correctly fitted and secured. Check the condition of the abrasive and the join in the belt. Also examine the belt for nicks or tears on the edges. Check the belt tension and tracking. Ensure that the abrasive belt grade is the correct one for the sanding job. Check that the belt has been installed properly, with the join in the correct position relative to the belt rotation. The isolating switch should be in the OFF position when adjusting, maintaining and repairing the Belt Linisher. The Linisher must be isolated from the main electricity supply.

Operating Safety Precautions Never stand in a direct line with the abrasive belt when the machine is running. Allow the belt to reach maximum speed before applying sanding pressure. Make sure that the workpiece rests flat on the sanding table at all times. Keep the hands well away from the abrasive belt when the sander is running. When the sanding operation is finished, switch the linisher off and wait for the belt to become stationary before leaving the work area.

Daily Maintenance Daily maintenance on a linisher (belt sander) should include checking the condition of the abrasive belt, checking the operation of the table and checking the condition of the sanding pad. Additional Operating Procedures and Precautions Ensure all other students keep outside the safety zone at all times. Make sure the dust extraction system is turned on and is functioning efficiently. Do not wear any loose clothing such as ties, long sleeves and shirt tails etc. Hold the job firmly in both hands then apply the job slowly to the belt against the stop. Keep fingers as far away from the sanding belt as possible. Do not apply excessive downward pressure onto the belt when it is in the horizontal position. Inform the teacher immediately the linishing machine is not operating correctly.

Safe Working Procedures and Instruction Disc Sanding Machine

The risk of injury when using this machine is MODERATE - Level 2 Risk The Disc Sanding machine is produced in a couple of designs. They are either stand alone on a fabricated stand or incorporated with a belt linishing machine. Yet another style is where schools mount large sanding discs on the ends of wood turning lathes. The Disc Sanding machine can also come with different diameter discs. Common diameter sizes include 300mm, 350mm, 400mm and 450mm. The sander is suitable for sanding the end grain of long lengths of timber and smoothing flat surfaces, sides and edges of small timber pieces. The abrasive disc is made out of aluminium oxide compounds, which comes in different grades. (60, 80, 100 & 120) The abrasive discs are attached to the sanding disc by one of two methods. The first is by way of contact cement and the other by the use of velcro sheeting. The sanding disc revolves at a fixed speed. The sanding table is able to be adjusted from the horizontal to angles that suit the operator for sanding chamfers and splays. The work piece is held in the hands of the operator. While pressing firmly down against the sander table, the operator slowly presses the work piece against the right hand side of the revolving sanding disc. It is important that the work piece is not lifted up off the table. The work piece can be slowly moved sideways whilst sanding, as this tends to wear the sanding disc evenly and helps to alleviate burning the work piece. Some Disc Sanding machines have an adjustable fence on the sanding table, which can be adjusted at any angle from 45 degrees to 90 degrees with the surface of the sanding disc. Identified Risks and Hazards Hazards that may arise when operating fixed machinery include: moving and rotating parts (blades and bits, tool disintegration) movement of the workpiece inhalation of fumes and dust particles electrocution from power faults, faulty equipment or incorrect use ejection of waste materials from cutting blades burns from hot materials or friction hand and finger injuries from rotating blades, spindles or pulleys
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electrocution from equipment or cords squash, pinch and crush injuries swarf being ejected from machines inhalation of dusts noise from high speed cutters

Pre-Operational Safety
The isolating switch should be in the OFF position. The machine must be isolated from the main electricity supply when not in use. The work area should be clean and free of dust and other obstacles. The table should move freely and be free of all material except the workpiece. Check that the dust extraction system is working properly. Ensure all guards are correctly fitted and secured. Check the condition of the abrasive on the disc. Also examine the disc for uneven wear and for nicks or tears on the edges. Ensure that the disc is the correct one for the sanding operation. Operating Safety Precautions Ensure that the workpiece rests flat on the table at all times. Allow the disc to reach maximum speed before applying sanding pressure. Never stand in a direct line with the face of the disc when the machine is running. Keep hands well away from the abrasive disc when the machine is running. When the sanding operation is finished, switch the sander off and wait till the disc is stationary before leaving the work area.

Daily Maintenance Daily maintenance on a disc sander should include checking the condition of the abrasive disc, checking the operation of the table and checking the operation of the dust extraction.

Additional Operating Procedures and Precautions

The operator must ensure they have had instruction and training in the use of the disc sander and satisfactorily completed the OHS test. Always seek and gain teacher approval to carry on with the sanding procedure. Make sure all other students keep outside the safety zone at all times. Wear PPE to protect the eyes such as safety spectacles. Wear PPE such as a dust mask if there is no dust extraction system. Make sure the dust extraction system is turned on and is functioning efficiently. Do not wear loose clothing, especially long sleeves and neck ties.
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Have the sanding disc revolving at the operating speed before applying the work piece. Hold the workpiece firmly in both hands and apply to the Right Hand Side of the disc only. If the workpiece is applied to the left side of the disc it will probably lift off the table and be thrown by the revolving disc. Keep the fingers as far away from the sanding disc as possible. Check to make sure the gap between the sanding table and the sanding disc does not exceed 3mm. If it is greater than 3mm notify the teacher. Switch the Disc Sander off when finished the sanding procedure. Inform the teacher immediately if the Disc Sander is not operating correctly.

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Safe Working Procedures and Instruction Scroll Saw

The risk of injury when using this machine is LOW - Level 1 Risk The Scroll Saw is a precision cutting machine that cuts soft wood up to a thickness of 50mm and plastic materials up to 30mm. It can also be used for cutting fibreglass, foamed material, rubber, plastic, leather and cork. The base housing of the Scroll Saw is made of cast iron. This ensures stability and vibration free operation. The strong working table is made of die cast aluminium usually and can be adjusted for mitre cuts up to 45 degrees. Identified Risks and Hazards Hazards that may arise when operating portable electrical power equipment include: moving and rotating parts (blades and bits, tool disintegration) movement of the workpiece inhalation of fumes and dust particles electrocution from power faults, faulty equipment or incorrect use ejection of waste materials from cutting blades burns from hot materials or friction

General Safety Precautions Always obtain permission from the teacher before using the Scroll saw. Obtain training and instructions in the safe and proper use of the Scroll saw.

Switch off and remove the plug from the power outlet before fitting attachments, changing cutters, blades or making adjustments.

Never connect a portable Scroll saw to a damaged power outlet. Check the following clothing for safety hazards and take appropriate action: Fasten any loose clothing and tie apron cords or straps at the back Remove any jacket or coat and any school uniform tie Roll up shirt sleeves above the elbows or fasten them securely at the wrists Do not wear finger rings, watches, bracelets or necklaces Wear solid firm shoes which provide adequate protection for the feet Wear appropriate Personal Protective Equipment such as safety glasses for eye protection. Wear appropriate PPE such as dust mask if the operation produces airborne particles which could be a respiratory hazard. Long hair must be contained with a suitable cap or net. Hearing protection such as ear muffs must be worn as noise levels are identified as hazardous.
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Make sure both hands are free to operate the Scroll saw as it is designed to be used with two hands. Switch off the Scroll saw at the power outlet and remove the plug when it is not in use. Never use a defective Scroll saw. Report it to the teacher.

Pre-Operational Safety
Before using the Scroll saw, examine the power cord, extension lead, plugs, sockets and power outlet for damage. Look for: cracked or damaged casing bare wires or loose connections damage to cord sheathing loose or missing screws Before starting the Scroll saw ensure that the cutting tool, guards and attachments are secure and correctly fitted. Do not use blunt or damaged cutting blades. Always inspect the workpiece to ensure that there aren't any items which might damage the cutting blade or cause injury to the operator.

Operating Safety Precautions

Keep fingers and hands clear of moving parts and the cutting blade. Always keep the power cord clear of moving parts and the cutting blade. Ensure that material being worked on is well supported or held securely with both hands. Ensure that off-cuts cannot fall onto the feet of the operator. Never make adjustments while the Scroll saw is running. Do not switch off the Scroll saw when it is under load, except in an emergency. Allow the Scroll saw to reach operating speed before using it on the workpiece. When the Scroll saw has reached the operating speed, apply the load gradually. Avoid blocking or covering the motor ventilation slots while using the Scroll saw. Do not walk on, wheel objects over, or drop materials or tools on flexible electrical cords. Keep flexible electrical cords clear of oil, grease, machines and sources of heat. Always position electrical cords with care to avoid trip hazards and to prevent damage to the cord or extension lead.

Maintenance and Storage

On completion of the machining procedure, clean down the Scroll saw and return it to its storage position. The cutting blade should be fully protected when being stored. Look for cracked or damaged casing, bare wires, loose connections, damage to cord sheathing, loose or missing screws, or blocked ventilation slots. Never use a defective Scroll saw. Report it to the teacher.
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Additional operating procedures and precautions Make sure all other students keep outside the safety zone at all times. Wear PPE to protect the eyes such as safety spectacles. Wear PPE such as a dust mask if there is no dust extraction system. Do not wear loose clothing, especially long sleeves and neck ties. Make sure the Scroll saw is bolted or clamped to a work bench. Do not cut pieces of material too small to hold by hand. Hold the workpiece firmly against the work table with both hands. When cutting large workpieces, make sure they are supported at the table height. Avoid awkward hand positions where a sudden slip could cause finger injury. Make sure the saw blade teeth point downward towards the work table. Ensure the saw blade is attached and tensioned properly. Do not feed the workpiece too fast while cutting. Use caution when cutting off round material such as dowel rod or tubing. A V-block should be used to control the workpiece. Take care when backing the workpiece out of the saw blade.

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Safe Working Procedures and Instruction Bench / Pedestal Drill - Drill Press
The risk of injury when using this machine is MODERATE Level 2 Risk Introduction The primary function of the pedestal drill and bench drill is to drill accurate holes in plastics, metal, manufactured boards and timber. The machine is especially suited for the repetitive drilling and boring of holes. Accuracy is established by clamping or bolting vices or fences to the table and using the depth stop or graduated feed. The table is a casting which has a machined surface. A centre opening allows the drill bit to pass through. Slots are machined into the table which allows a machine vice to be bolted to it. The height of the table is adjusted by means of a rack and pinion mechanism on the column. A depth stop is used to stop the travel of the drill bit. The chuck is the mechanism that holds the drill bit. They come in two varieties: keyless and keyed. The keyless variety poses less of a hazard to the operator. The keyed variety must have the key removed after the drill bit is tightened into the chuck. If it is not removed, a hazard is created to the operator. The V-belt and pulleys transfer rotary motion and power from the motor to the drill spindle. Drill speeds are varied by changing the position of the belts on the cone pulleys. A large pulley driving a small one gives a faster speed and a small pulley driving a large one gives a slower speed. Generally the larger the drill bit the slower the speed required for efficient and safe operation. Different speeds may also be required for different materials. Identified Risks and Hazards Hazards that may arise when operating fixed machinery include: moving and rotating parts (blades and bits, tool disintegration) movement of the workpiece inhalation of fumes and dust particles electrocution from power faults, faulty equipment or incorrect use ejection of waste materials from cutting blades burns from hot materials or friction hand and finger injuries from rotating blades, spindles or pulleys
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electrocution from equipment or cords squash, pinch and crush injuries swarf being ejected from machines inhalation of dusts noise from high speed cutters

Pre-Operational Safety The following safety checks and precautions should be carried out when preparing to set up, operate or maintain a vertical drill press:

The isolating switch should be in the OFF position. The machine must be isolated from the main electricity supply when not in use. Check that drill speed is suitable for the work to be done and adjust as required. Check the condition of the drill bits. They should be kept sharp at all times and free of burrs on the shank. All guards should be correctly fitted and secured. Check all adjustments and settings carefully before commencing any drilling or boring operations. The drilling machine and work area should be clean and free of wood chips and other obstacles.

Operating Safety Precautions If the machine is not fitted with a keyless chuck, tighten the chuck uniformly when the drill is inserted and always use the correct size chuck key. Remove the key from the chuck before starting the drill press. Always select the correct drill bit for the material to be drilled. Allow the drill bit to cut at its own speed without applying excessive pressure. Do not attempt to drill material that does not lie flat on the table. Irregular shaped work should be securely held in a jig, vice or clamp. Seek assistance when handling long lengths of timber or sheets. Keep the hands clear of the drill bit when the drilling machine is operating. Do not remove waste material from the drilling table while the machine is operating. Do not attempt to clear a clogged drill bit while the drilling machine is still running. Do not use the hands to clear waste material from the table or from a clogged bit. If the workpiece is grabbed by the drill bit and spins, step away immediately and switch the machine off. Remove the drill bit when the drilling procedure is completed.

Daily Maintenance Daily maintenance on a drill press should include oiling lubrication points, checking the condition of the drill bits and checking the moving components of the work table.
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Additional Operating Procedures and Precautions

1. The operator will have to had instruction and training in the use of the drilling machine and satisfactorily completed the OHS test. 2. Always seek and gain teacher approval to use the drilling machine. 3. Wear PPE to protect the eyes (safety spectacles) when using this machine. A hair net or cap will be required to restrain hair if it is long and contributes to the risk of injury. 4. Ensure all other students keep outside the safety zone at all times. 5. Stop the drilling machine before opening the guards to alter belt speeds. 6. Do not hold the project work with the hands use a machine vice or clamps. 7. If the drill has a keyed (Jacobs) chuck you will need to remove the chuck key after fitting or removing the drill bit. 8. Do not remove shavings (swarf) with bare hands use a brush. 9. Do not reach around the revolving chuck and drill bit. 10. Wait for the chuck to stop fully before removing the drill bit. Do not attempt to stop the chuck with the hands. 11. Ensure the drilling machine is operating at the correct speed for the drill bit size being used and the material being drilled. 12. Switch the drilling machine off immediately a drill bit jams in the workpiece. 13. Clean the drilling machine and the surrounding floor space when the drilling procedure has been completed.

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Safe Working Procedures and Instruction Portable Jigsaw

The risk of injury when using this machine is MODERATE - Level 2 Risk The Jigsaw is a cutting machine that can cut soft wood up to a thickness of 50mm. It can also be used for cutting sheetmetal, plastic, fibreglass, manufactured sheet timber products and cork. The Jigsaw is used to cut out irregular shapes, large holes or just for docking. It operates by way of a thin reciprocating blade. The blade moves up and down rapidly. You can change the blade to suit the material being cut. Blades with coarse teeth are used for timber, while blades with fine teeth are used for harder materials such as metal. A feature can include variable speed, which allows the operator to use the cutting speed most suited to the job by varying the pressure on the trigger. The adjustable foot plate can be rotated up to 45 degrees for bevel cuts Identified Risks and Hazards Hazards that may arise when operating portable electrical power equipment include: moving and rotating parts (blades and bits, tool disintegration) movement of the workpiece inhalation of fumes and dust particles electrocution from power faults, faulty equipment or incorrect use ejection of waste materials from cutting blades burns from hot materials or friction General Safety Precautions Always obtain permission from the teacher before using the jigsaw. Obtain training and instructions in the safe and proper use of the jigsaw. Never operate jigsaws in wet or damp conditions.

Switch off and remove the plug from the power outlet before fitting attachments, changing cutters, blades or bits, or making adjustments which require fingers or the hands to be near the cutting tool.

Never connect a portable jigsaw to a damaged power outlet. Check the following clothing for safety hazards and take appropriate action: Fasten any loose clothing and tie apron cords or straps at the back Remove any jacket or coat and any school uniform tie Roll up shirt sleeves above the elbows or fasten them securely at the wrists Do not wear finger rings, watches, bracelets or necklaces Wear solid firm shoes which provide adequate protection for the feet
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Wear appropriate Personal Protective Equipment such as safety glasses for eye protection. Wear appropriate PPE such as dust mask if the operation produces airborne particles which could be a respiratory hazard. Long hair must be contained with a suitable cap or net. Hearing protection such as ear muffs must be worn as noise levels are identified as hazardous. Make sure both hands are free to operate the jigsaw as it is designed to be used with two hands Switch off the jigsaw at the power outlet and remove the plug when it is not in use. Never use a defective jigsaw. Report it to the teacher.

Pre-Operational Safety
Before using any jigsaw, examine the power cord, extension lead, plugs, sockets and power outlet for damage. Look for: cracked or damaged casing bare wires or loose connections damage to cord sheathing loose or missing screws Before starting the jigsaw ensure that the cutting blade, fences, guards and attachments are secure and correctly fitted. Do not use blunt or damaged cutting blades. Do not test cutting blades for sharpness with the fingers. Always inspect the workpiece to ensure that there aren't any items which might damage the cutting tool or cause injury to the operator. Secure and support the workpiece using clamps, bench vices or appropriate weights.

Operating Safety Precautions

Keep fingers and hands clear of moving parts and the cutting blade. Always keep the power cord clear of moving parts and the cutting blade. Ensure that material being worked on is well supported or held securely where necessary. Ensure that off-cuts cannot fall onto the feet of the operator. Never make adjustments while the jigsaw is running. Do not switch off the jigsaw when it is under load, except in an emergency. Allow the jigsaw to reach operating speed before using it on the workpiece. When the jigsaw has reached the operating speed, apply the load gradually. Do not use the switch lock unless the jigsaw is set up as a stationary bench machine. Avoid blocking or covering the motor ventilation slots while using the jigsaw. Do not strain power cords or extension leads, especially by lifting or dragging jigsaws by the cords, or by pulling on the cord to remove the plug from the power outlet. Do not walk on, wheel objects over, or drop materials or tools on flexible electrical cords. Keep flexible electrical cords clear of oil, grease, machines and sources of heat.
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Always position electrical cords with care to avoid trip hazards and to prevent damage to the cord or extension lead.

Maintenance and Storage

On completion of the machining procedure, clean down the jigsaw and return it to its storage position. The cutting blade should be fully protected when the jigsaw is on the work bench or when being stored. Look for cracked or damaged casing, bare wires, loose connections, damage to cord sheathing, loose or missing screws, or blocked ventilation slots. Never use a defective jigsaw. Report it to the teacher.

Additional operating procedures and precautions 1. Make sure all other students keep clear of the immediate work area. 2. Be aware of the position of the electrical lead in relation to the blade, and make sure it is positioned behind the machine. 3. When cutting large work pieces, make sure they are supported at the table height. 4. Avoid awkward hand positions where a sudden slip could cause finger injury. 5. Only use sharp and straight blades. Bent or damaged blades can damage the Jigsaw and should be discarded. 6. Make sure the saw blade teeth point downward towards the work table. 7. Ensure the saw blade is positioned and secured properly. Make sure to follow the makers instructions carefully when inserting the blade. 8. When inserting a new blade or making adjustments to the foot plate, make sure that the blade is seated correctly in the roller blade. 9. While cutting the foot plate should rest wholly on the workpiece. 10. Avoid forcing or feeding the Jigsaw too fast into the material. 11. Use caution when cutting off round material such as dowel rod or tubing. 12. Take care when backing the saw blade out of the work piece. 13. When cutting out holes, pre-drill a hole large enough to insert the saw blade. 14. Notify the teacher if the saw blade breaks and requires replacing.

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Safe Working Procedures and Instruction Wood Bandsaw

The risk of injury when using this machine is HIGH - Level 4 Risk Introduction The Bandsaw consists of a continuous flexible steel band with teeth on one edge revolving around two wheels. The timber work piece is cut where the blade is exposed as it passes through the table. The table is made from cast iron, machined flat with a slot that enables the blade to be installed. The table may be tilted for cutting bevels. The Bandsaw is used for cutting curved or irregular shapes and light cross cutting and ripping. Mitre gauges and fences may be used on the table to improve accuracy with ripping and cross cutting. Tension of the blade is effected by turning the handwheel, usually located below the top band wheel. The band wheel moves upward putting tension on the blade. Identified Risks and Hazards Hazards that may arise when operating fixed wood machinery include: moving and rotating parts (blades and bits, tool disintegration) movement of the workpiece inhalation of fumes and dust particles electrocution from power faults, faulty equipment or incorrect use ejection of waste materials from cutting blades burns from hot materials or friction hand and finger injuries from rotating blades, spindles or pulleys electrocution from equipment or cords squash, pinch and crush injuries swarf being ejected from machines inhalation of dusts

noise from high speed cutters Pre-Operational Safety

The isolating switch should be in the OFF position when adjusting, maintaining and repairing the Bandsaw. The Bandsaw must be isolated from the main electricity supply. Guides should be in good condition and correctly adjusted.
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The thrust wheels should be in good condition, correctly adjusted and should rotate firmly. The upper guide assembly should be adjusted as close as practicable to the work (5mm 10mm). The table insert, if fitted should be in good condition and free of small off-cuts which may lodge between the blade and insert. Band wheel tyres should be clean and in good condition. Guards must be fitted, correctly adjusted and secured. The blade should be sharp, undamaged and set correctly. The blade type should be suited to the material to be cut. For curved cutting the blade should be suitable for the radius of the curved cuts. The blade should be installed with the teeth facing toward the operator and points facing downward toward the table in the direction of rotation. The blade should be tensioned correctly and tracking properly. The Bandsaw and work area should be clean and free of off-cuts, saw dust and other obstacles. If an extraction system is fitted it should be operating correctly and free of obstructions. Equipment such as a push stick should be readily available.

Operating Safety Precautions

Never use the band saw for cutting operations that can be performed more efficiently or safely on another machine. The operator should not stand on the right side of the blade. This could be dangerous if the blade breaks. Off-cuts and saw dust must not be removed from the table with the hands while the blade is moving. Never attempt to cut curves that are too tight for the width of blade in the bandsaw. A push stick should be used wherever possible to ensure the hands are kept away from the blade. Avoid backing out the material from the blade when making long cuts. This can usually be achieved by planning the cut and making short cuts at 90' to the cutting line. The material being cut should never be forced. Excessive pressure on the blade can cause it to break. Constant clicking sounds when the saw is running usually indicate a cracked blade. The bandsaw should be switched off and the blade inspected immediately. The Bandsaw should never be left unattended with the power switched on. Assistance should be sought when cutting material that cannot be easily handled by one person.

Daily Maintenance Daily maintenance on a band saw will usually include checking condition of the blade and checking thrust wheel motion. Also check front guard lock and adjustment of top and bottom guide assemblies. Check blade tension and tracking.

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Additional operating procedures and precautions

An even feed rate should be maintained when making long cuts. A wider blade is recommended for straight cutting because it will follow the cutting line with less deviation than a narrow blade. Angled or cylindrical workpieces should be supported in a jig or V block when ripping on the band saw. Tension of the blade should be slackened off at the end of the day. Operators must ensure they have had instruction and training in the use of the Bandsaw. Teacher approval must be sought and gained to carry on with the cutting procedure. Make sure all other students keep outside the safety zone at all times. Wear PPE to protect the eyes such as safety spectacles and a dust mask if there is no dust extraction system. Ensure the dust extraction system is functioning properly. Do not wear loose clothing, especially long sleeves and neck ties. Stand in a comfortable balanced position. Make sure any adjustments to the blade and guides are checked by the teacher. Keep hands positioned to the side of the blade, never in front. Report unusual noises to the teacher - the guides may need adjusting or the blade may be about to break. Use a push stick for safer control of small work pieces. Switch off bandsaw and stand clear if the blade breaks. Do not attempt to remove the work piece from the table. Report any faults or damage to the teacher.

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Safe Working Procedures and Instruction Trimmer

The risk of injury when using this machine is SUBSTANTIAL - Level 3 Risk Portable electric Trimmers are similar to routers and are used mainly for trimming plastic laminate flush with the edge of the material to which it is fixed. Some Trimmers have a built-in edge guide roller bearing and others are designed to use a range of flush trim machining bits, which incorporate an edge guide bearing in the bit. Trimmers are smaller and lighter than router and can be used with one hand. They are suitable for intricate and delicate work. Identified Risks and Hazards Hazards that may arise when operating portable electrical power equipment include: moving and rotating parts (blades and bits, tool disintegration) movement of the workpiece inhalation of fumes and dust particles electrocution from power faults, faulty equipment or incorrect use ejection of waste materials from cutting blades burns from hot materials or friction General Safety Precautions Always obtain permission from the teacher before using the Trimmer. Obtain training and instructions in the safe and proper use of the Trimmer. Never operate Trimmers in wet or damp conditions.

Switch off and remove the plug from the power outlet before fitting attachments or changing cutters which require fingers or the hands to be near the machining bit.

Never connect a portable Trimmer to a damaged power outlet. Check the following clothing for safety hazards and take appropriate action: Fasten any loose clothing and tie apron cords or straps at the back Remove any jacket or coat and any school uniform tie Roll up shirt sleeves above the elbows or fasten them securely at the wrists Do not wear finger rings, watches, bracelets or necklaces Wear solid firm shoes which provide adequate protection for the feet Wear appropriate Personal Protective Equipment such as safety glasses for eye protection.
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Wear appropriate PPE such as dust mask if the operation produces airborne particles which could be a respiratory hazard. Long hair must be contained with a suitable cap or net. Hearing protection such as ear muffs must be worn as noise levels are identified as hazardous. Switch off the Trimmer at the power outlet and remove the plug when it is not in use. Never use a defective Trimmer. Report it to the teacher.

Pre-Operational Safety
Before using the Trimmer, examine the power cord, extension lead, plugs, sockets and power outlet for damage. Look for: cracked or damaged casing bare wires or loose connections damage to cord sheathing loose or missing screws Before starting the Trimmer ensure that the bit, fences, guards and attachments are secure and correctly fitted. Do not use blunt or damaged cutting bits. Do not test cutting bits for sharpness with the fingers. Always inspect the workpiece to ensure that there aren't any items which might damage the bit or cause injury to the operator. Secure and support the workpiece using clamps, bench vices or appropriate weights.

Operating Safety Precautions

Keep fingers and hands clear of moving parts and the rotating bit. Always keep the power cord clear of moving parts and the rotating bit. Ensure that material being worked on is well supported or held securely where necessary. Never make adjustments while the Trimmer is running. Do not switch off the Trimmer when it is under load, except in an emergency. Allow the Trimmer to reach operating speed before using it on the workpiece. When the Trimmer has reached the operating speed, apply the load gradually. Avoid blocking or covering the motor ventilation slots while using the Trimmer. Do not strain power cords or extension leads, especially by lifting or dragging Trimmers by the cords, or by pulling on the cord to remove the plug from the power outlet. Do not walk on, wheel objects over, or drop materials or tools on flexible electrical cords. Keep flexible electrical cords clear of oil, grease, machines and sources of heat. Always position electrical cords with care to avoid trip hazards and to prevent damage to the cord or extension lead.

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Maintenance and Storage

On completion of the machining procedure, clean down the Trimmer and return it to its storage position. The Trimmer bits should be fully protected when the Trimmer is on the work bench or when being stored. Look for cracked or damaged casing, bare wires, loose connections, damage to cord sheathing, loose or missing screws, or blocked ventilation slots. Never use a defective Trimmer. Report it to the teacher.

Additional operating procedures and precautions Make sure all other students keep outside the immediate work area. Handle the Trimmer bits very carefully and store them so that they do not come into contact with each other. Check the Trimmer bit carefully for cracks or damage before installing it into the Trimmer spindle Make sure that the Trimmer bit is not contacting the work piece before switching on the power switch. Watch for vibration or wobbling as this could indicate an improperly installed Trimmer bit. Make sure the workpiece surface is on the correct side of the Trimmer bit. Do not leave the Trimmer running unattended. Always switch off the Trimmer and wait for the bit to come to a complete stop before removing from the workpiece. Do not attempt to remove the Trimmer bit immediately after the routing operation, as it will be extremely hot and will burn the fingers.

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