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2010-11
Laboratory certificate
This is to certify that _______________ has satisfactorily completed the course CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY of PROJECT prescribed by the CBSE under the AISSCE course in the laboratory of this school in the year 2010-2011.
Signature of Principal:
Acknowledgement
I sincerely and profusely thank Mr. Manjunath Reddy (Chemistry teacher) for his valuable guidance, advice and for giving useful suggestions and relevant ideas that facilitated an easy and early completion of this project. I also express my deep gratitude to Mr. Suresh (lab assistant), who was instrumental in this regard by providing all the necessary materials required in this project.
Index
Contents
y Aim y Description y Requirements y Procedure y Observation y Inference y Bibliography
Aim
Description
Casein is the main protein constituent of milk. It constitutes about 80% of the total protein in cow s milk and about 3% of its weight. It group of protein precipitated when the milk is slightly acidified. It dissolves slightly in water, extensively in alkalis or strong acids. Casein is a complete protein meaning that it contains all of the essential amino acids, which the body can not manufacture on its own. When dried, it is a white, amorphous powder without taste and odour. It is a mixed phosphoprotein and occurs in milk as calcium salt (calcium caseinate) in the form of micelle. The micelle has a negative charge. When an acid is added to the milk, the negative charges are neutralized.
casein (s)
Requirements
Apparatus and Chemicals
y 250 ml beakers y Funnel y Glass rod y Chemical balances y Test tubes y Filtration flask y Bunsen burner y Different samples of milk y 1% acetic acid solution y Saturated ammonium sulphate solution
Procedure
y Take a clean dry beaker, put into it 20cc of cow s milk and add 20 ml of saturated ammonium sulphate solution slowly and with stirring. Fat along with casein will precipitate out. y Filter the solution and transfer the precipitates in another beaker. y Add about 30 ml of water to the precipitate. y Only casein dissolves in water forming milky solution leaving fat undissolved. y Heat the milky solution to about 40 C and add 1% acetic acid solution drop wise, when casein gets precipitated.
y Filter the precipitate, wash with water and let the precipitate dry. y Weigh the dry solid mass in a previously weighed watch glass. y Repeat the experiment with other samples of milk.
Observation table
Volume of milk taken in each case = 20 ml. Name of the milk Cow milk Buffalo milk Goat milk Sheep milk Weight of casein 0.68 g 0.84 g 0.66 g 1.10 g % of casein 3.4 4.2 3.3 5.5
Inference
Bibliography
y www.google.com y Comprehensive practical chemistry y www.sciencebuddies.org
Gallery
Cow s milk ( 20 cc ).
Heating the filtrate with 30ml water at 40 C with 1% acetic acid solution.
After drying.
Casein protein from different samples of milk. Goat s milk Cow s milk Buffalo s milk Sheep s milk