Laboratory apparatuses

Tools and their uses: 1. beaker - a liquid-measuring container 2. burette - measures volume of solution 3. clay triangle - a wire frame with porcelain used to support a crucible 4. wire gauze - used to spread heat of a burner flame 5. test tube - used as holder of small amount of solution 6. forceps - holds or pick up small objects 7. graduated cylinder - measures approximate volume of liquids 8. graduated pipette - measures solution volumes 9. condenser - used in distillation 10. crucible - used to heat a small amount of a solid substance at a very high temperature 11. funnel - used to transfer solids and liquids without spilling 12. thermometer - measures temperature 13. balance - measures mass of material 14. pH meter - measures acidity of solutions 15. centrifuge - separates materials of varying density 16. pipette - used to transfer measured substances into another vessel 17. droppers - for addition of liquids, drop by drop 18. glass funnels - for funneling liquids from one container to another, or for filtering when equipped with filter paper. 19. graduated cylinders - for measurement of an amount of liquid. The volume of liquid can be estimated to the nearest 0.1 mL with practice. 20. ring stand (with rings or clamps) - for holding pieces of glassware in place. 21. test tubes - for holding small samples or for containing small-scale reactions 22. test-tube holders - for holding test tubes when tubes should not be touched 23. tongs - similar function to forceps, but are useful for larger items 24. volumetric flasks - to measure precise volumes of liquid or to make precise dilutions. 25. wash bottles - for dispensing small quantities of distilled water. 26. watch glasses - for holding small samples or for covering beakers or evaporating dishes. 27. wire gauze on a ring - supports beakers to be heated by Bunsen burners
28.

Science Lab Equipment

29. Basic Lab Techniques Page
Microscopes

and lab trays Additional equipment is available, if requested by your group before the lab.

30. Here's a list of equipment for lab stations

31.You should know the name of each piece and its basic use.
Pipet For exact volume measurements of liquids. Pipet on the left is a Volumetric pipet. It has only one graduation for delivering one exact volume. Pipet on the right is a Mohr pipet. It has graduations for delivering any number of exact volumes. There are several styles of fillers used to draw liquids into a pipet. A standard pipet bulb is the most commonly used one. Never draw a liquid into a pipet with your mouth.

Pipet filler

Filter flask Used in conjunction with a vacuum connection to a water faucet to speed up filtration.

The Erlenmeyer flask is the most common flask in the DVHS chemistry lab. It is used to contain reaction solutions. The volumetric flask is used to make solutions. It has a precise graduation line in the neck of the flask. A solute is placed into the flask, then the solvent is used to bring the total volume up to the graduation.

Erlenmeyer flask

The rounded bottom Florance flask of the florance flask makes it ideal for boiling liquids. It also makes this flask easy to tip over when sitting on the lab table.

Volumetric flask

Beakers are the most versatile glassware in the lab and can be used for just about anything. The volume graduations on beakers should be used only for "ballpark" estimates.

Beaker

Graduated cylindar Used to make accurate measurements of liquid volumes. The bumper ring on larger cylindars is to prevent breakage if tipped over. Keep it near the top. A watch glass can be used like an evaporating dish for very small amounts of liquid. It can also be used to cover beakers. When attached to the ring stand, this clamp is used to hold a large test tube or Florance flask above the lab table. These tongs are used for picking up crucibles and crucible covers only. Used to light a lab burner. Not a toy noisemaker during lab.

This dish is used to recover dissolved Evaporating dish solids by evaporation. While it can be heated, it should not be used for "strong" heating. When attached to the ring stand, this iron ring is used to support glassware above the lab table. Support ring

Watch glass

Utility clamp

Crucibles are used as a container when something requires "strong" heating. Used as a support for beakers when placed across a support ring.

Crucible and cover

Crucible tongs

Wire gauze

Striker

Mortor and Pestle Used to grind solids into powders. Used to hold test tubes for short periods of "gentle" heating. Test tube holder

Wash bottle Filter funnel When lined with filter paper, used to filter suspended solids from a liquid. Used for rinsing solids out of a container when filtering.

Used to transfer Chemical spoon solids from their original container to a scale for weighing.

Hose clamps Used to close hoses by pinching them together.

Dessicators are used to provide a dry environment for a crucible Desiccator or substance to cool down. This is critical in quantitative work where moisture can affect mass results. A common dessicant is anhydrous calcium chloride. Colored indicator crystals are usually included to tell the user the condition of the dessicant. A gray color in the crystals usually indicates that the dessicant is dry and will absorb moisture. A pink color usually means that the dessicant is "hydrated". When this happens, the water can be removed by heating it in an oven.