Quiz - AP Biology Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE.

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which of the following statements is false? 1) _______ A) An atom is the smallest unit of an element that still retains the properties of the element. B) Protons and electrons are electrically charged particles. Protons have one unit of negative charge, and electrons have one unit of positive charge. C) Atoms of the various elements differ in their number of subatomic particles. D) All atoms of a particular element have the same number of protons in their nuclei. E) The neutrons and protons present in the nucleus of an atom are almost identical in mass; each has a mass of about 1 dalton. 2) Each element is unique and different from other elements because of the number of protons in the nuclei of its atoms. Which of the following indicates the number of protons in an atom's nucleus? A) atomic weight B) mass number C) mass weight D) atomic number E) atomic mass 3) The mass number of an element can be easily approximated by adding together the number of __________ in an atom of that element. A) neutrons and electrons B) protons and neutrons C) isotopes D) energy levels E) protons and electrons 4) Calcium has an atomic number of 20 and an atomic mass of 40. Therefore, a calcium atom must have A) 40 electrons. B) 20 protons. C) 40 neutrons. D) A and B only E) A, B, and C 5) How do isotopes of the same element differ from each other? A) number of protons B) amount of radioactivity C) number of neutrons D) valence electron distribution E) number of electrons 6) One difference between carbon-12 ( C) and carbon-14 ( A) two more electrons than carbon-12. B) two more neutrons than carbon-12. C) A and C only D) two more protons than carbon-12. E) B and C only
C) is that carbon-14 has

2) _______

3) _______

4) _______

5) _______

6) _______

7) The atomic number of neon is 10. Therefore, which of the following is correct about an atom of neon? A) It is inert. B) It has 8 electrons in its outer electron shell. C) It has an atomic mass of 10 daltons. D) A and B only E) A, B, and C are correct. 8) From its atomic number of 15, it is possible to predict that the phosphorus atom has A) 15 neutrons. B) 15 protons. C) 15 electrons. D) 8 electrons in its outermost electron shell. E) B and C only Use the information extracted from the periodic table in Figure 2.2 to answer the following questions.

7) _______

8) _______

Figure 2.2 9) How many electrons does nitrogen have in its valence shell? A) 2 B) 7 C) 5 9) _______ D) 14 E) 8 10) ______ E) 16 11) ______

10) How many electrons does an atom of sulfur have in its valence shell? A) 8 B) 32 C) 6 D) 4 11) Which of the following pairs of atoms would be most likely to form an ionic bond? A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

12) Which of the following pairs of atoms would be most likely to form a covalent bond? A)

12) ______

B)

C)

D)

E)

13) Which one of the atoms shown would be most likely to form an anion with a charge of -1? A)

13) ______

B)

C)

D)

E)

14) Which one of the atoms shown would be most likely to form a cation with a charge of +1? A)

14) ______

B)

C)

D)

E)

Refer to the following figure to answer the following questions.

15) The molecule shown here could be described in chemical symbols as A) H2O. B) C2H3. C) C4H4. D) CH2O. 16) The molecule shown here is the simplest of organic compounds. It is called A) a carbohydrate. B) methyl carbonate. C) carbonic hydrate. D) carbon dioxide. E) methane.

15) ______ E) CH4. 16) ______

17) Which of the following describes any reaction that has reached chemical equilibrium? A) Both the forward and the reverse reactions have stopped with no net effect on the concentration of the reactants and the products. B) The rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction. C) All of the products have been converted to the reactants of the reaction. D) The concentration of the reactants equals the concentration of the products. E) All of the reactants have been converted to the products of the reaction. The following questions refer to Figure 2.3.

17) ______

Figure 2.3 18) What results from the chemical reaction illustrated in Figure 2.3? A) a cation with a net charge of +1 B) an anion with a net charge of +1 C) a cation with a net charge of -1 D) an anion with a net charge of -1 E) A and D 19) What is the atomic number of the cation formed in the reaction illustrated in Figure 2.3? A) 16 B) 1 C) 11 D) 8 E) 10 20) The ionic bond of sodium chloride is formed when A) sodium gains an electron from chlorine. B) sodium and chlorine share an electron pair. C) chlorine gains a proton from sodium. D) chlorine gains an electron from sodium. E) sodium and chlorine both lose electrons from their outer valence shells. 18) ______

19) ______

20) ______

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14) 15) 16) 17) 18) 19) 20)

B D B B C B D E C C E E C A E E B E C D