Question Bank

Chapter one-Introduction
1. Define ideal fluid, Newtonian fluid non Newtonian fluid ideal plastic fluid and thyxotropic fluid. [nov. 2006] 2. Explain property of capillarity. [nov. 2006] 3. The left and right limbs of capillary U-tube are 1.25 mm and 2.50 mm in diameter. the tube contains liquid of surface tension 0.05 N/m. assuming the contact angle to be zero find the specific weight and density of the fluid if the liquid levels in the two limbs is 10 mm. [nov. 2006] 4. Define the following terms.. a.relative density b. kinematic viscosity c. dynamic viscosity d. Newtonian fluid [dec. 2005] 5. a piston 120 mm diameter and 150 mm long moves down in a 120.4 mm diameter cylinder .the annular space between the piston and the cylinder is filled with oil of viscosity 0.8 poise.if the weight of piston is 10 N, obtain the speed with which it slides down. [dec. 2005]

Chapter two -kinematics of fluid flow

1. derive the equation for continuity for a three dimensional flow .[nov. 2006] 2. show that two dimensional flow is continuous and irrational if the velocity component is u=6xy and v=3x2-3y2. [nov. 2006] 3. Explain the following terms: a. stream line b. stream tube c. path line d. streak line [dec. 2005] 4. a fluid is given by V=xy2i-2yz2j-(zy2-2z3 ) prove that it is a case of possible in-compressible fluid flow. calculate the velocity and acceleration at the point (1,2,3). [dec. 2005] 5. Explain the following terms: a. visualization of flow pattern b. streak line c. stream tube [dec. 2005]

Chapter three dynamics of fluid flow

1. State and prove Bernoullis theorem, mention its assumptions. [nov. 2006] 2. A pipe of varying cross section has areas 900 mm2 , 2500 mm2 and 600 mm2 at points 1,2, and 3.the heights of these points above datum plane are 0.90m,0.60m and 0.20m respectively. the pipe is connected at its upper end to a tank in which the free water surface is 2m above the datum plane. Ignoring the losses find the discharge through the system. The kinetic energy head and pressure energy head at each of the above three points .assume that the discharge at the outlet is to the atmosphere. 3. What is notch ? how are they classified? Derive the expression for the rate of flow for rectangular notch ,considering velocity of approach.

4. The water is flowing through the pipe of diameter 30 cm.the pipe is inclined and venturimeter is inserted in the pipe.the diameter of venturimeter at throat is 15 cm. the of pressure between the inlet and the throat is measured by a special liquid of specific gravity in an inverted U-tube, which gives a reading of 40 cm. The loss of head between the inlet and throat is 0.3 times the kinetic head of the pipe. Find the discharge. 5. Explain the following terms.. a. Bernoullis theorem b. forms of energy c. assumptions d. limitations

Chapter four-momentum equation

1. State and explain the impulse momentum principle. derive an expression for the force acting on a pipe bend. 2. A 300 mm diameter pipe carries water under a head of 20 meters with a velocity of 3.5 m/sec.if the axis of the pipe turns through 45o .find the magnitude and direction of the resultant force at the bend. 3. Define and explain in detail the kinetic energy correction factor. 4. A water supply pipe 20 cm in diameter carries a discharge of 0.2 m3/sec. it has 900 bend in horizontal plane .calculate the resultant force on the bend if the intensities of pressure at the inlet and outlet of the bend are 15 N/cm2 and 10N/cm2. 5. Differentiate between venturimeter and orifice meter.

chapter five-dimensional analysis and similitude

1. Define and derive expressions for the following dimensionless numbers: a. Reynoldss no. b. Eulers no. c. Froudes no. d. match no. 2. Explain the following a. Buckinghams theorem b. similitude and types of similitude 3. The drag force F on the partially submerged body depends upon relative velocity (v) between body and fluid, characteristic linear dimension (L),fluid density( ),height of surface roughness (k),viscosity( ) and acceleration due to gravity (g).obtain an expression for the drag force ,using Buckinghams theorem. 4. State and explain Buckinghams theorem .what do you mean by repeating variables? How are the repeating variables selected for the dimensional analysis? 5. What are dimensionally homogenous and dimensionally non- homogenous equations.give suitable examples of each.

Chapter six-laminar flow

1. Derive an expression for velocity distribution for the laminar flow in a circular pipe and show that the velocity at the centre of the pipe is twice the average velocity . 2. Two parallel plates are kept 100 mm apart have laminar flow of oil between them.the maximum velocity of flow is 1.5 m/s .calculate a. discharge b. shear stress at plates c. pressure difference between two points 20 m apart d. velocity gradient at the plates. Take viscosity of oil as 2.45 N-S/m2. 3. Derive an expression for the pressure drop for a steady two dimensional laminar flow between parallel plates. show that the mean velocity of the flow is two-third of the maximum velocity. 4. From the first principle derive the equation for loss of head in laminar flow through circular pipe. 5. Water at 200c flows between large parallel plates separates by a distance of 16 mm.calculate maximum velocity and shear stress at the wall if the average velocity is 0.4m/s. take for water =0.01 poise.

Chapter seven- Pipe Flow

1. Derive an expression for the loss of head due to a. Sudden enlargement b. Sudden contraction of pipe 2. The difference in water surface levels in two tanks, which are connected by three pipes of lengths 300 m, 170 m and 210 m and of diameter 300 m,200 m, and 400 m resp. is 12 m. Determine the rate of flow of water if coefficient of friction are 0.005, 0.0052 and 0.0048 resp. considering a. minor losses b. neglecting minor losses Use hf = 4fLV2/dX28 3. Explain the terms: a. hydraulic gradient line b. total energy line 4. Two pipes 200 mm and 400 mm in diameter and each 500 m long are arranged in parallel to pass the total discharge of 133.4 lit/sec. calculate the discharge passing through each pipe. if now above pipes are connected in series between two reservoirs 1000 m apart to pass the same total discharge what should be the difference in water levels of two reservoirs .assume f=0.025 and neglect minor losses in each case. 5. What are the energy losses which occur when a fluid flows through a pipe? explain the concept of equivalent length in case of pipe flow system .

Chapter eight-boundary layer theory 1. Distinguish between hydro chemically smooth and rough boundaries. 2. Explain the following terms: a. boundary layer thickness b. displacement thickness c. momentum thickness d. energy thickness 3. Explain the concept of boundary layer and its important. 4. Explain the formation of boundary layer over a flat plate held parallel to the direction of flow. State the factors affecting the growth of boundary layer. 5. For the velocity distribution 1/7

=(y/ )

in a boundary layer, determine the values of : a. displacement thickness b.momentum thickness c. energy thickness E Chapter nine-Forces on immersed bodies
1. Define drag and lift. Distinguish clearly the pressure drag, frictional drag and total drag. 2. A flat plate 1.75m X 1.75m moves at 50km/hr in a stationary air of density 1.15 kg/m3 . If the coefficient of drag & lift are 0.15 & 0.70 respectively . Find a.Lift force b. Drag force c.Resultant force d.Power required to keep the plate in motion 3. A Flat plate 1m long & 0.5m wide was held in the wind tunnel to such an angle that coefficient of drag & lift are 0.15 & 0.75 respectively. If the wind speed is 48km/hr & weight density of air is 12N/m3 Calculate Drag force, Lift force& Resultant force & Power exerted by air on the plate. 4. Differentiate between a. Friction Drag & Pressure Drag. b. Steam line body & bluff body 5. A kite weighing 10N having an area of 1m2 makes an angle of 100 with the horizontal when flying in a wind blowing at a velocity of 40km/hr. The pull in the string attached to the kite is 40N & string makes an angle of 1250 with plane of the kite. Calculate the drag & lift coefficient the air weighs 12N/m3 .

Chapter ten-compressible flow

1. State the significance of match number in fluid flow.upto what limits of match number the compressibility effect can be neglected?

2. Air flows isentropically around the submerged object. at section-1, in the approaching stream the pressure p1 = 101.043KN/m2 ,Density P1 =10226kg/m3 , and the velocity v1 = 135m/sec. At point 2,near the object ,the pressure is observed to be 39.24 KN/m2 .Calculate a. Temperature ratio between these two points. b. Mach number at these two points. Take K=1.4 and R=287J/kg0 K 3. Show that velocity of sound in an adiabatic gas flow is given by, C =KRT with usual notations. 4. Derive the expressions for sonic velocity for isothermal and adiabatic processes. 5. Explain sonic, subsonic and supersonic flow.