bpo COMMERCIAL GEOGHRAPHY IMPORTANTS OF QAZI KASHIF SHAFI FOR THE YEAR 2012 XII COMMERCE SECTION A

State the primary activities of human beings how the primary activities turned in to secondary activities? What are the physical, geographical and economic factors responsible for the wheat cultivation? What geographical factors are responsible for the concentration of cotton textile industry, iron and steel industry in any area? Define commercial activities and different types of commercial activities; also state the relation ship between geographical environment and commercial activities? State the importance of petroleum and also list the major petroleum producers of the world./ Middle East? State the theory of population, reasons for its density and the factors responsible for it? What are the physical, geographical factors responsible for the cultivation of rice also state the major rice /Wheat exporting countries of the world? Describe the main wheat / Rice/Tea producing areas of world. Give an estimate of the development of cotton textile /Iron Ore Industry in Asia/World Short note 123Importance of information Media Suez / Panama Canal International migration

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OPEC Electronic Media Fishing Grounds of World Importance of Uranium /Coal (producing Countries) Subsistence/Agriculter/truck/irrigation/ Farming

SECTION B Describe the physical features of Pakistan of Pakistan and also state its geographical importance Write a detailed note on the sources and growth of forests in Pakistan? Also state its importance? Explain the Distribution and Kinds of Natural Vegetation in Pakistan. Is the population of Pakistan densely thick? Also state the factors responsible for the uneven distribution of population in Pakistan? Explain the causes of rapid growth of population in Pakistan. Suggest the way to check the present growth rate of population in Pakistan. Discuss the density of population in different areas of Pakistan. What are the power resources of Pakistan? State in detail? Discuss the problem of irrigation in Pakistan? Also explain the methods of irrigation adopted in Pakistan? 10. What are the geographical conditions necessary for the cultivation of Rice/Wheat /Sugarcane 11. Name the major rice/Wheat /Sugarcane producing areas of Pakistan. .10.Shifting Cultivation 12. SHORT NOTES: -

1.means of transportation in Pakistan 2.soil of Pakistan 3.climatic regions of Pakistan 4.sea ports of Pakistan 5.resources /Project of power in Pakistan 6. Indus water treaty 7..Hydel Power Projects. 8.Pakistan Railway. 9.Natural Gas10.Damsand Barrages of Pakistan 11.Food AutarkyDefinition of .bank and its types Evolution of bank and its history Departments of banks Types of bank accounts and methods of opening a bank account. Primary and secondary functions of commercial bank. F unctions of central bank. Define credit and credit instruments. Definition, types and parties of cheques. Definition, types and parties to bill of exchange. Definition , types and parties of promissory notes Define crossing of cheques How a cheques is dishonored. Endorsement and its kinds History of state bank. Define credit control, its reasons and its methods. Aims and devices of exchange control. Definition and factors of exchange rate. Purchasing power party theory. Kinds of e-banking. Difference between bill of exchange and promissory notes. Difference between promissory notes and cheques. Difference between balance of payment and balance of trade.

How to improve balance of payment. Definition of letter of credit. Definition of credit card. Definition of foreign exchange Definition of exchange control. Advantages and disadvantages of credit card, debit card, e-banking, ATM. Short notes on: NIT, PICIC, IDBP, IMF, World Bank.

Determination and factors of exchange rate. Principle and use of bank funds. Precautions in lending loans. Sources of bank funds. Factors determining cash reserves { till cash} Credit management. Kinds of securities.