Shamli Institute of Engg.

& Technology , Shamli PPT ON GSM

Robin Kumar ECE 3rd Year 0933531007

CONTENTS
History Building Blocks System Architecture Features (Basic and Advanced) Advantages of GSM Future whats next

HISTORY
Early 80s Europe was experiencing rapid growth in the analog cellular telephone systems 1982 Conference of European Posts and Telegraphs (CEPT) GSM (Group Special Mobile) group was formed to study and develop a panEuropean public land mobile system Late 1980s GSM work was transferred to the European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI) and SGM (Special Mobile Group) was created

HISTORY
contd. Phase I of GSM specifications was published in 1990 International demand was so great that the system name was changed from Groupe Special Mobile to Global Systems for Mobile Communications (still GSM) Commercial service started in mid-1991 1992 first paying customers were signed up for service By 1993 there were 36 GSM networks in 22 countries Early 1994 there were 1.3 million subscribers worldwide By 1996 there were more than 25 million subscribers worldwide By October 1997 it had grown to more than 55 million subscribers worldwide

Building Blocks
AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone System TACS Total Access Communication System NMT Nordic Mobile Telephone System

Building Blocks
contd.

AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone System analog technology used in North and South America and approximately 35 other countries operates in the 800 MHz band using FDMA technology

Building Blocks
contd.

TACS Total Access Communication System variant of AMPS deployed in a number of countries primarily in the UK

Building Blocks
contd. NMT Nordic Mobile Telephone System analog technology deployed in the Benelux countries and Russia operates in the 450 and 900 MHz band first technology to offer international roaming only within the Nordic countries

System Architecture
Mobile Station (MS)
Mobile Equipment (ME) Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)

Base Station Subsystem (BBS)

Base Transceiver Station (BTS) Base Station Controller (BSC)

Network Subsystem
Mobile Switching Center (MSC) Home Location Register (HLR) Visitor Location Register (VLR) Authentication Center (AUC) Equipment Identity Register (EIR)

System Architecture Mobile Station (MS)

The Mobile Station is made up of two entities: 1. Mobile Equipment (ME) 2. Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)

System Architecture Mobile Station (MS) contd.

Mobile Equipment Produced by many different manufacturers Must obtain approval from the standardization body Uniquely identified by an IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity)

System Architecture Mobile Station (MS) contd.

Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) Smart card containing the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) Allows user to send and receive calls and receive other subscribed services Encoded network identification details Protected by a password or PIN Can be moved from phone to phone contains key information to activate the phone

System Architecture Base Station Subsystem (BSS)

Base Station Subsystem is composed of two parts that communicate across the standardized Abis interface allowing operation between components made by different suppliers 1. Base Transceiver Station (BTS) 2. Base Station Controller (BSC)

System Architecture Base Station Subsystem (BSS) contd.

Base Transceiver Station (BTS) Houses the radio transceivers that define a cell Handles radio-link protocols with the Mobile Station Speech and data transmissions from the MS are recoded Requirements for BTS:
ruggedness reliability portability minimum costs

System Architecture Base Station Subsystem (BSS) contd.

Base Station Controller (BSC) Manages Resources for BTS Handles call set up Location update Handover for each MS

System Architecture Network Subsystem

Mobile Switching Center (MSC) Switch speech and data connections between:
Base Station Controllers Mobile Switching Centers GSM-networks Other external networks

Heart of the network Three main jobs:

1) connects calls from sender to receiver 2) collects details of the calls made and received 3) supervises operation of the rest of the network components

System Architecture Network Subsystem contd.

Home Location Registers (HLR) - contains administrative information of each subscriber - current location of the mobile Visitor Location Registers (VLR) - contains selected administrative information from the HLR
- authenticates the user - tracks which customers have the phone on and ready to receive a call - periodically updates the database on which phones are turned

System Architecture Network Subsystem contd.

Authentication Center (AUC)
- mainly used for security - data storage location and functional part of the network - Ki is the primary element

Equipment Identity Register (EIR) - Database that is used to track handsets using the IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity)
- Made up of three sub-classes: The White List, The Black List and the Gray List - Optional database

System Architecture

Basic Features Provided by GSM

Call Waiting
- Notification of an incoming call while on the handset

Call Hold
- Put a caller on hold to take another call

Call Barring
- All calls, outgoing calls, or incoming calls

Call Forwarding
- Calls can be sent to various numbers defined by the user

Multi Party Call Conferencing

- Link multiple calls together

Advanced Features Provided by GSM

Calling Line ID
- incoming telephone number displayed

Alternate Line Service

- one for personal calls - one for business calls

Closed User Group

- call by dialing last for numbers

Advice of Charge
- tally of actual costs of phone calls

Fax & Data

- Virtual Office / Professional Office

Roaming
- services and features can follow customer from market to market

Future -- UMTS (Universal Mobile Telephone System

Reasons for innovations
- new service requirements - availability of new radio bands

User demands
seamless Internet-Intranet access wide range of available services compact, lightweight and affordable terminals simple terminal operation open, understandable pricing structures for the whole spectrum of available services

Advantages of GSM
Crisper, cleaner quieter calls Security against fraud and eavesdropping International roaming capability in over 100 countries Improved battery life Efficient network design for less expensive system expansion Efficient use of spectrum Advanced features such as short messaging and caller ID A wide variety of handsets and accessories High stability mobile fax and data at up to 9600 baud Ease of use with over the air activation, and all account information is held in a smart card which can be moved from handset to handset

Reference
www.google.com www.wikipedia.com www.slideword.com

Query?