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Objectives
Outline the social structure of Frances Old Regime. Explain the economic troubles France faced in 1789. Identify the reasons Louis XVI called a meeting of the Estates General. Explain why a Paris crowd stormed the Bastille.
First Estate
The CLERGY Enjoyed enormous wealth and privilege
Second Estate
The NOBILITY Owned land but had little money income
Third Estate
BOURGEOISIE and PEASANTS
Owned about 10 percent of land, collected tithes, and paid no taxes Provided some social services
Hated absolutism
Feared losing traditional privilege, especially exemption from taxes
Peasants were 98 % of French population Resented privilege of first and second estates Burdened by taxes, miserable wages faced hunger, starvation
1. What is the topic of the two charts? 2.Of the three estates, which estate had the most people and which had the least? 3.Of the three estates, which estate owned the most land? Which held the next high amount of land? Which held the least amount of land?
Looking at the cartoon: What does the stone represent that the first and second estate are standing on?
Enlightenment thinkers led people to question the logic of the the Old Regime..where is the reason for it???
Economic Troubles
For years, the French government had engaged in deficit spending Louis XIV had left France deeply in debt. Recent wars, a general rise in costs in the 1700s, and the lavish court were incredibly costly. To bridge the gap between income and expenses, the government borrowed more and more money. Bad harvests in the late 1780s sent food prices soaring and brought hunger to poorer peasants and city dwellers.
Economic TroublesSummarized
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Deficit spending Debt Wars Inflation Lavish court Borrowed money Bad harvests
Louis XVI summoned the Estates General in 1788 The Third Estate declared themselves to be the National Assembly and invited delegates from the other two estates to help them write a constitution. When reform-minded clergy and nobles joined the Assembly, Louis grudgingly accepted it.
Review Questions
Which class made up 98 percent of the population of France in 1789? a) the First Estate b) the Second Estate c) the Third Estate d) the First and Second estates combined Which of the following was not a cause of Frances economic troubles? a) deficit spending b) bad harvests c) overspending by Louis XIV d) increased wages for peasant workers
Review Questions
Which class made up 98 percent of the population of France in 1789? a) the First Estate b) the Second Estate c) the Third Estate d) the First and Second estates combined Which of the following was not a cause of Frances economic troubles? a) deficit spending b) bad harvests c) overspending by Louis XIV d) increased wages for peasant workers