Mrs.A.

Petrishia

 Where Where

are we?
do we Want to go?

3G
3G 4G

Network
vs 4G Network of 4G

Applications

Hyper LanLan

set of wireless

1G-First Generation
Speech

2G-Second Generation
SMS , MMS CDMA , GPRS , EDGE Voice Mail Wireless Internet Video Calling Mobile TV

3G-Third Generation

 High

transfer rate access any where

Internet

Ability to move around with the same IP address

Utilization High

of Smart antennas

resolution Mobile TV

Evolution of Mobile Systems to 3G

- drivers are capacity, data speeds, lower cost of delivery for revenue growth
Expected market share

TDMA

EDGE

EDGE Evolution

GSM
PDC

GPRS

3GPP Core Network

90%
HSDPA

WCDMA

cdmaOne

CDMA2000 1x
First Step into 3G

CDMA2000 1x EV/DV CDMA2000 1x EV/DO

3G phase 1 Evolved 3G

10%

2G

Higher bandwidth enables a range of new applications!! For the consumer Video streaming, TV broadcast Video calls, video clips news, music, sports Enhanced gaming, chat, location services For business High speed teleworking / VPN access Sales force automation Video conferencing Real-time financial information

Performance evolution of cellular technologies

Services roadmap
Improved performance, decreasing cost of delivery
3G-specific services take advantage of higher bandwidth and/or real-time QoS Broadband in wide area

Video sharing Video telephony Real-time IP A number of mobile Multitasking multimedia and games services are bearer WEB browsing Multicasting independent in nature Corporate data access Streaming audio/video MMS picture / video xHTML browsing Application downloading E-mail Presence/location Voice & SMS Push-to-talk
Typical average bit rates (peak rates higher)

GSM 9.6 kbps

GPRS 171 kbps

CDMA 2000 1x

EGPRS 473 kbps

WCDMA 2 Mbps
CDMA 2000EVDO CDMA 2000EVDV

HSDPA 1-10 Mbps

Mobile Station

Base Station Subsystem

Network Subsystem

Other Networks

SIM

ME

BTS

BSC

MSC/ VLR

GMSC PSTN

EIR

HLR

AUC

PLMN

RNS
Node B RNC SGSN GGSN Internet

USIM

ME

SD

UTRAN

Note: Interfaces have been omitted for clarity purposes.

UMTS network architecture consists of three domains:

Core Network (CN) : To provide switching, routing and transit for user traffic.

UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) : Provides the air interface access method for User Equipment. User Equipment (UE) : Terminals work as air interface counterpart for Node B. The various identities are: IMSI, TMSI, P-TMSI, TLLI, MSISDN, IMEI, IMEISV.
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Wide band CDMA technology is selected for UTRAN air interface. Base Station is referred to as Node-B and control equipment for Node-Bs is called is called as Radio Network Controller (RNC).
Functions of Node B are: Air Interface Tx/Rx Modulation / Demodulation Functions of RNC are: Radio Resource Control Channel Allocation Power Control Settings Handover Control Ciphering Segmentation and Reassembly

11

UMTS Frequency Spectrum

UMTS Band : 1900-2025 MHz and 2110-2200 MHz for 3G transmission. Terrestrial UMTS (UTRAN) : 1900-1980 MHz, 2010-2025 MHz, and 21102170 MHz bands

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IMPACT ON EXISTING NETWORK

Wireless Data Tech Channel BW Duplex Infrastructure Change Requires New Spectrum Requires New Handsets

HSCSD

200KHz

FDD

Requires Software Upgrade at base station Requires new packet overlay including routers and gateways Requires new transceivers at base station. Also, software upgrade to the BSC & BTS

No

Yes, New HSCSD handsets provide 57.6Kbps on HSCSD n/w and 9.6 Kbps on GSM n/w with dual mode phones. GSM only phones will not work in HSCSD N/w. Yes, New GPRS handsets work on GPRS n/w at 171.2Kbps, 9.6 Kbps on GSM n/w with dual mode phones. GSM only phones will not work in GPRS n/w.

GPRS

200KHz

FDD

No

EDGE

200KHz

FDD

No

Yes, New handsets work on EDGE n/w at 384Kbps, GPRS n/w at 144Kbps, and GSM n/w at 9.6 Kbps with tri-mode phones. GSM and GPRS-only phones will not work in EDGE n/w.

W-CDMA

5MHz

FDD

Requires completely new base stations

Yes

Yes, New W-CDMA handsets will work on W-CDMA at 2Mbps, EDGE n/w at 384 Kbps, GPRS n/w at 144 Kbps. GSM n/w at 9.9 Kbps. Older handsets will not work in W-CDMA. 13

3.5G or HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) is an enhanced version and the next intermediate generation of 3G UMTS. It comprises the technologies that improve the Air Interface and increase the spectral efficiency, to support data rates of the order of 30 Mbps. 3.5G introduces many new features that will enhance the UMTS technology in future. 1xEV-DV already supports most of the features that will be provided in 3.5G. These include: Adaptive Modulation and Coding Fast Scheduling Backward compatibility with 3G Enhanced Air interface

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4G-NETWORK

Visit 4Gmobile.com for more

Whats 4G Mobile Technologies

Open Wireless Architecture (OWA)
Cost-effective and spectrum-effective high speed wireless transmission

4G can support high-speed transmission, but High-speed is NOT 4G

Satellite

GSM

GPRS

EDGE

WIMAX UMTS TDD (TD-SCDMA)

UMTS FDD (W-CDMA)

PWLAN -Best for Spectrum Management Access vs. Mobile Spectrum Sharing Spectrum Recycling

Wireless Standards Complexity Multiples

ANY DEVICE

SEAMLESS CONNECTIVITY

ANY NETWORK

Cellular HSDPA UMTS

EDGE GPRS 802.16d HSUPA 802.11b 3.9G

4G WMA 802.11g 802.16 N e WLA 802.11 Bluetooth Navigatio A-GPS Galileo N a n WPA 802.11 n Broadcast UWB DVB-H ISDB-T N RFID DMB DTV FM Broadcast Radio DAB GSM

HD

ANY WHERE

ANY TIME

Without open wireless architecture, the wireless industry will be totally messed-up

Also known as Mobile Broadband everywhere MAGIC Mobile Multimedia Communication Anywhere, Anytime with Anyone Global Mobility Support Integrated Wireless Solution Customized Personal Service According to 4G Mobile Forum, by 2008 over $400 billion would be invested in 4G mobile projects. In India, communication Minister Mr. Dayanidhi Maran, has announced a national centre of excellence to work in 4G arena.

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OFDM Ultra wide band Smart Antennas Switched beam

Adaptive array antenna Scheduling among users Picco cells

3G Vs 4G
Technology Data Transfer Rate 3G 3.1MB /sec 4G 100MB/sec

Internet services Mobile -TV Resolution

Bandwidth Frequency Network Architecture

Broadband Low
5 - 20 MHz 1.6- 2 GHZ Wide Area Network

Ultra Broadband High

100 +MHz 2 8 GHz Hybrid Network

 Software

define Radio Configured to any Radio Frequency Packet Layer software Able to work different broadband network

Mobile IP VoIP Ability to move around with the same IP address Intelligent Internet Presence Awareness Technology Knowing who is on line and where Radio Router Bringing IP to the base station Smart Antennas Unique spatial metric for each transmission

Orthogonal Subcarriers

Cyclic Prefix in Frequency Domain

Cyclic Prefix in Time Domain

Key Technologies Required for 4G

OFDMA -Time domain -Space domain -Frequency domain

Life-Saving: Telemedicine Video Conferencing Telegeoprocessing: GIS,GPS Better Usage of Multimedia Applications

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) for IPv6

IP

+ WPAN + WLAN + WMAN + WWAN + any other stragglers = 4G

Any Queries?

Thankyou

WiMax (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a standardsbased technology enabling the delivery of last mile wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL. The technology is specified by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., as the IEEE 802.16 standard.

It is a non-profit industry body dedicated to promoting the adoption of this technology and ensuring that different vendors products will interoperate. It is doing this through developing conformance and interoperability test plans and certification program. WiMAX Forum Certified means a service provider can buy equipment from more than one company and be confident that everything works together.

WiMAX is expected to provide fixed , nomadic, portable and, eventually, mobile wireless broadband connectivity without the need for direct line-of-sight (LOS) with a base station. In a typical cell radius deployment of three to ten kilometers, WiMAX Forum Certified systems can be expected to deliver capacity of up to 40 Mbps per channel, for fixed and portable access applications. Mobile network deployments are expected to provide up to 15 Mbps of capacity within a typical cell radius deployment of up to three kilometers.

Simultaneously support hundreds of businesses with T-1 speed connectivity and thousands of homes with DSL speed connectivity. Promise of potential low cost and flexibility in building broadband networks. Scalability, as extra channels and base stations can be added incrementally as bandwidth demand grows. Support for both voice and video as well as Internet data. Semiconductor vendors envisage WiMax-enabled chips appearing in PCs in 2006 and in notebook computers and PDAs by 2007

Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) is a set of technologies that are based on the IEEE 802.11a,b, and g standards. Wi-Fi is considered to be one of the first widely deployed fixed broadband wireless networks. The Wi-Fi architecture consists of a base station that wireless hosts connect to in order to access network resources. As long as the users remain within 300 feet of the fixed wireless access point, they can maintain broadband wireless connectivity.

Standard 802.11a 802.11b 802.11g

Throughput Up to 54 Mbps Up to 11 Mbps Up to 54 Mbps

Range Frequency Up to 300 ft Between 5 and 6 Ghz Up to 300 ft 2.4 Ghz Up to 300 ft 2.4 Ghz

Simplicity and ease of deployment given that it uses unlicensed radio spectrum which does not require regulatory approval. Cost of rolling out this wireless solution is low. Users are able to be mobile for up to 300 feet from the access point. There are many Wi-Fi compatible products that are available at a low cost and can interoperate with other network technologies. Wi-Fi clients can work seamlessly in other countries with minimal configuration.

Limited level of mobility. Susceptible to interference. Designed technically for short-range operations and basically an indoors technology. Security is a concern.

WiMax eliminates the constraints of Wi-Fi. Unlike Wi-Fi, WiMax is intended to work outdoors over long distances. WiMax is a more complex technology and has to handle issues of importance such as QoS guarantees, carrier-class reliability, NLOS. WiMax is not intended to replace Wi-Fi. Instead, the two technologies complement each other.

802.16
Date December Completed 2001 Spectrum 10-66 GHz Operation LOS
32-134 Mbps

802.16a

802.162004 January June 2003 2004 < 11 GHz < 11 GHz

Non-LOS
Up to 75 Mbps
3-5 miles

802.16e2005 December 2005 < 6 GHz

Mobile

Non-LOS Non-LOS and

Up to 75 Mbps
3-5 miles

Bit Rate

Up to 15 Mbps
1-3 miles

Cell Radius 1-3 miles

WiMax can provide 2 forms of wireless service: - Non-LOS, Wi-Fi sort of service, where a small antenna on a computer connects to the tower. Uses lower frequency range (2 to 11 GHz). - LOS, where a fixed antenna points straight at the WiMax tower from a rooftop or pole. The LOS connection is stronger and more stable, so it is able to send a lot of data with fewer errors. Uses higher frequencies, with ranges reaching a possible 66 GHz. Through stronger LOS antennas, WiMax transmitting stations would send data to WiMax enabled computers or routers set up within 30 (3,600 square miles of coverage) mile radius.

WiMax Forum anticipates rollout of its technology in 3 phases: - Phase 1: Fixed Location, Private Line Services, Hot Spot Backhaul. - Phase 2: Broadband Wireless Access/Wireless DSL - Phase 3: Mobile/Nomadic Users.

Broad Operating Range WiMax Forum is focusing on 3 spectrum bands for global deployment: Unlicensed 5 GHz: Includes bands between 5.25 and 5.85 GHz. In the upper 5 GHz band (5.725 5.850 GHz) many countries allow higher power output (4 Watts) that makes it attractive for WiMax applications. Licensed 3.5 GHz: Bands between 3.4 and 3.6 GHz have been allocated for BWA in majority of countries. Licensed 2.5 GHz: The bands between 2.5 and 2.6 GHz have been allocated in the US, Mexico, Brazil and in some SEA countries. In US this spectrum is licensed for MDS and ITFS.

Licensed Solution Better QoS

License-Exempt Solution Fast Rollout

Better NLOS reception at lower frequencies Higher barriers for entrance

Lower Costs
More worldwide options

Both solutions are based on IEEE 802.162004 standard, which uses OFDM in the physical (PHY) layer. OFDM provides benefits such as increased SNR of subscriber stations and improved resiliency to multi-path interference. For creating bi-directional channels for uplink and downlink, licensed solutions use FDD while license exempt solutions use TDD.