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Activators
Trigger
SERVE AS
Behaviour
RESULT IN
B = f (c)
Motivate
Consequences
Behavior: Any directly measurable thing that a person does, including speaking, acting, and performing physical functions.
Consequences: Events that follow behaviors. Consequences increase or decrease the probability that the behaviors will occur again in the future.
Behavior
Punishment (P)
("If you do this, you'll be penalized")
Extinction (E)
("Ignore it and it'll go away")
Both Positive (R+) & Negative (R-) Reinforcement can Increase Behavior
R+ : any consequence that follows a behavior and
increases the probability that the behavior will occur more often in the future - You get something you want
R+
R-
You bonehead!! You can kiss that bonus for this year good-bye.... and take a few days off without pay!!!
Let him cry honey. If we get up every night when he cries hell never learn to go to sleep peacefully.
Unsafe Act Associated with : Personal Protective Equipment Position of People Reaction of People Tool or Equipment Procedure and Orderliness
Unsafe Act 96%
Total Injuries caused by Unsafe Act Total Injuries with other causes
SECTION- 2: WHAT CAN BE THE IMPACT OF IMPLEMENTATING BBS ? CAP Y-2011 ACCIDENT RECORD BY ROOT CAUSE
Unsafe Condition 12%
SECTION- 2: WHAT CAN BE THE IMPACT OF IMPLEMENTATING BBS ? Compare the chart below:
Imagine an incident could occur every time a worker performs an At-Risk behavior with 75% safe behavior level there is a 1 in 4 chance of an accidents.
SAFE
At-Risk
We can not rely on chance or luck to avoid accidents. Only 100% safe behavior levels do we eliminate the chance of an accident.
Accident is define as any event ranging from near miss through to a fatality.
EXAMPLES....
N o
1
Date No.SR
SR-082010 12 Feb 2010
Description
Contractors employee finger injured caused by pinched panel door
Typ e
FA
Root of cause
Failure to wear PPE Lack of Awarness
SR-122010
13 April 2010
Employees finger injured caused by caught between motor and base plate
FA
SR-192010
09 April 2010
FA
BBS TRAINING
2.0 Assessment of the leadership, Organizational Operation (Base line). 3.0
Observable actions of people Result of Behavior Identify behavior that the worker need to perform to achieve the desired safety performance. E.g. Zero injuries The source of possible required behavior Accident Reports (AIN) DCR Individual who actually perform works Representative of all segments of the workforce should be involve to get their buy-in to the process.
STEP 3
IDENTIFY BEHAVIOR
CONTINUE.......
Representative of all segments of the workforce should be involve to get their buy-in to the process. Experience worker Supervisor New Workers Managers etc Behavior should be described specifically as possible, and meet the following criteria. Measurable - can be measured Active - Something the worker has to do Reliable - Repeatable the same each time and at least two peoples should be able too see the behavior and measure it the same way Controllable - The action is the control of the worker performing it Observable - Seen happening Note: In BBS Workers includes all levels in an organization: Operator, Board/ Lead, Supervisor, Superintendent, Engineer, SM, DM, GM, Director. Everyone should expect to have behaviors defined for them that will help bring about injury elimination.
STEP 3
IDENTIFY BEHAVIOR
CONTINUE.......
Note: In BBS Workers includes all levels in an organization: Operator, Board/Lead, Supervisor, Superintendent, Engineer, SM, DM, GM, Director. Everyone should expect to have behaviors defined for them that will help bring about injury elimination. Some example of behaviors: 1). Wear hearing protection when required through posted signs. 2). Attach fall protection harness to a secure anchor point. 3). Wear a seat belt while driving a motor cycle. 4). Check hand tools for defect before use. Intervene with co-workers to provide coaching/correction when they perform an AtRisk behavior.
STEP-4 COMMUNICATE THE BEHAVIORS AND HOW TO PERFORM CORRECLY TO ALL WORKERS
STEP-5 OBSERVE THE WORKFORCE AND RECORD UNSAFE /SAFE BEHAVIOR AND INTERVENE WORKERS
Observer should recieved training from trainer who have good understanding of ABC Behavior model and the BBS process in how to : Perform observations Perform Intervention Go out into the workplace to observe the workers Observations should be planned when possible. They are variety of different factor s to be considered during perform observation. These are : Consider observing work high risk Avoid interfering with the work activities Do observation in min two person team Complete the BBS Observation Card
Explain we you doing and that you will observe them for a bit longer and Observe them for some additional time
Stop worker and give feedback what you have observed in positive manner with awarness of the self esteem of the workers that have been observed a Provide positive reinforment for all those behavior that were performed in a safe mannernd
When at risk behavior are observed ask for the feed back from the workers to help understand why at risk behavior are being performed and ,Provide coaching/correction so that the required safe behavior is obtained thanks and encourage them to always work safely
To assist an observer to document or record the observation results properly , BBS observation Card have been available for observers. Observer should should be fill BBS Observation Card .
Preparation
STOP
Observe
Intervention
Record
STEP-6 COLLECT AND RECORD OBSERVATION DATA The results of the observations are collected and recorded in a data collection/analysis system STEP-7 SUMMARIZE AND ANALYZE OBSERVATION DATA Observation data should be summarized into format that will be simple to interpret and enable extraction of behavior performance data. Important also to review the observation data for quality and consistency and other problem with either can lead to invalid data When the data is summarized, an analysis of behavior that are not being done at risk can be done. An ABC analysis technique can be used to do this. The analysis will typically result in suggestion
One of the function analysis is to perform measurement. Performance measurement parameter are : Total collected Observation card % Safe behavior calculation formula
Safe behavior x 100 % % safe observation formula = Safe behavior + At risk behavior
Total Observation
Month
34%
38%
48%
51%
55%
57%
59%
61%
62%
64%
64%
65%
67%
070%
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
48
34 38
51
57
59
61
62
64
64
65
67 70
Month
STEP-8 COMMUNICATE OBSERVATION DATA AND ANLYSIS RESULTS TO ALL WORKERS The results of the summarized and analyzed observation data and any changes to ABC shall be inform and communicated to all workers to encourage their continued participation Communication the resul to the workers can act as antecedent .What is not known can be corrected Example communication method that suitable are notice or prominent Buletin board,safety topic or meeting.The point is continous feedback on the behavior must be consistent. STEP-9 PROVIDE RECOGNITION OR CELEBRATE WHEN SAFE BEHAVIOR IMPROVEMENT OCCUR This step is very important to provide the positive reinforcement to the workers for performing behaviors safely Often this not done and the workers may get the impression that no one cares that the behaviors are being done safely Recognition and celebration often happen if the % acceptable behavior reach 95% plus score.
STEP-10 CHANGE BEHAVIORS TO BE OBSERVED OR CHANGE ACTIVATORS OR CONSEQUENCES AS APPROPRIATE In this step changes to Antecendent to, or consequences of, the behavior resulting from ABC anlysis are made. The changes should be properly recorded in all relevant BBS documentation. The changes of the behavior that are critical happens if the % of acceptable behavior reach 95% plus score or input suggest it. BBS observation card need to change also when critical behavior change. STEP-11 COMMUNICATE ANY CHANGES TO WORK FORCE In this step any change made in STEP 10 shall be communicated to work force .If the changed are going to be made, it is essesstial that all work force know what they are, so they can change their behavior accordingly.
If you do what youve always done, youll get what you always got! (W. Edwards Deming)
A Values-Based Process
Focus on the process.not resultsthey will come later!
Items 1. TRAININGS
TRAININGS
BBS Basic Observation and leadership Basic statistic
Units
Total unit
Total cost
7 25 3
BBSTrainer
2 OPERATIONAL COST Assesment Observation card Comparison study visit Campaigns acessories Reward TOTAL
person
200
10
2,000
15 2000 4 50 400
37,450
CONTINGENCY
GRAND TOTAL
374.5
37,824.5