OVERVIEW:

Introduction Subsystem Working Technology Power System Sensors RF System Control System Ground System Technical Specifications Mission & Goals Conclusion

INTRODUCTION:
KIOT Kanpur with its NANOSATELLITE mission N-SAT is ready to set
new high. A team of students is working under the guidance of faculty members of the institute. The mission hopes in serving the nation by providing indigenous miniaturized technologies for future space mission. Moreover, it aims at providing real life deign and development experience of actual space systems to students.

SUBSYSTEM:

WORKING:
Working of N-SAT is based on following factors:

Data Acquisition Communication Subsystem Power Management Vegetation Surveillance Weather Forecast

TECHNOLOGY:

Ground Station controls and monitors the satellite.

The telemetry data collected for all the subsystems at ground station will validate
the performance of the sensors and miniaturized technology.

Images collected will also be useful in studying the vegetation and the water

bodies.

Even before the ejection from rocket the system has to survive high vibration load.

The satellite and its systems will also be subjected to wide thermal vibrations as it orbits the earth.

Providing sufficient thermal isolation to the satellite from the external

environment .

Heat dissipation is limited to radiation & conduction modes. The satellite will also have to survive high does of radiation that have

potential of causing damage to the system memory.

POWER SYSTEM:

For small spinning satellite three solar cell connected in series. Each section will generate 3.3 V and rotate into and out of sunlight as a unit.

Dual or triple junction GaAs solar cells that give 18% conversion efficiency at
end of life (EOL), and assuming a more optimistic area factor of 85%, will result in only 6.2 W at EOL.

Highly elliptical orbits in the ecliptic plane where the apogee velocity is very low will cause a several hour eclipse during part of the year. However, only a 10 orbit plane inclination relative to the ecliptic, will reduce the maximum eclipse period to about one hour.

Twelve AA size Li-Ion batteries meet the requirement and only weigh 480 grams.

Challenges before Power System:

Miniaturization of the power system electronics (PSE) to meet the weight and size requirements of the N-SAT is a considerable challenge.

Solution of challenge : By having a fixed electrical load and batteries provide the needed bus regulation. Solar array regulator, Battery regulator, and Low voltage power converter

SENSORS:

Temperature Sensor

Magnetic Field Sensor

RF SYSTEM:

Low gain Omni antenna is used communications must take place near perigee, when the range is 3-5 Earth radii. Inclusion of an onboard command receiver is highly desired. In future Receiver on-chip technology will be used.

CONTROL SYSTEM:

Instruments Electronics : REQUIRED TO ACHIEVE HIGH DEGREE OF INTEGRATION

Instruments Software : DESIGNED TO EVALUATE THE ONBOARD DATA AND ADJUST

INSTRUMENT DATA RATES AND MODES TO EFFICIENTLY CAPTURE THE DATA OF HIGHEST PRIORITY

N-SAT autonomy will make use of onboard and ground-based remote agents, with the overarching goal of maximizing the scientific return from each satellite during the mission lifetime.

The onboard agent will incorporate the capability to detect, diagnose and recover from faults.

GROUND SYSTEM:

Large number of satellite in constellation is a great challenge to the ground system.

Scheduler priorities the contacts, with the spacecraft in higher period orbit getting priority.
Except for commands to initiate the data downlink, the ground system will not command the N-SAT for normal operations N-SAT are autonomous : Determination of orbit Scheduling the ground station Investigate anomalies on the spacecraft.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:

MISSION & GOALS:

The Mission Goal is to make a Nano satellite at KIOT Kanpur that would serve the following applications: 1. Micro Imaging System 2. GPS receiver for locating the position of satellite in the orbit 3. MEMS based IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit)

The Primary Objectives of the mission are:

1. To initiate research activities towards development of MEMS based Nano-satellite. 2. To test new cheap solutions for the future cost effective space missions. 3. To set the path for future up gradations and study such validation concepts for possible up gradations.

Long term Objectives of the mission are: 1. To develop competence in design, fabrication and usage of micro satellites. 2. Complement the development efforts of the country's satellite application requirements through technology development and validation at the micro satellite level. 3. Development and training of human resources. 4. Strengthen activities in MEMS sensor based technology applications.

CONCLUSION:

Miniaturized satellite with a maximum mass of 10 kg, and designed for a two year mission life. Provisions for orbital maneuvers, attitude control, onboard orbit determination, and command and

data handling will be included

Fully capable power and thermal systems, RF communications, multiple sensors, and scientific instruments will be integrated on an efficient structure.

N-SAT developed for in-situ measurements will be spin-stabilized, and those developed for remote

measurements will be three-axis-stabilized.

Autonomy both onboard the N-SAT and at the ground station will minimize the mission operational costs for tracking and managing a constellation.

Key technologies being actively pursued include miniaturized propulsion systems, sensors,

electronics, heat transport systems, tracking techniques for orbit determination, autonomy,
lightweight batteries, higher efficiency solar arrays, and advanced structural materials