What are Relations

And Functions?

A relation is a set of ordered pairs. {(2,3), (-1,5), (4,-2), (9,9), (0,-6)}

The domain is the set of all x values in the relation This is a relation

{(2,3), (-1,5), (4,-2), (9,9), (0,-6)}

domain = {-1,0,2,4,9}
These are the x values written in a set from smallest to largest

The range is the set of all y values in the relation

{(2,3), (-1,5), (4,-2), (9,9), (0,-6)}

range = {-6,-2,3,5,9}
These are the y values written in a set from smallest to largest

A relation assigns the xs with ys

X values Y values 1 6

2
3 4 5

2
4 8 10

This relation can be written {(1,6), (2,2), (3,4), (4,8), (5,10)}

A relation can also be expressed like this!!! All xs are assigned to ys.

1 2 3

2
4 6

4
5

8 10

Domain (set of all xs)

Range (set of all ys)

This relation can be written {(1,6), (2,2), (3,4), (4,8), (5,10)}

A function relates an input to an output.

1 2 3 4 5 Set A is the domain (input) 2 4 6 8 10

A function f from set A to set B is a rule of correspondence

Set B is the range 1.) A function must use all the xs

2.) Each x value can only be assigned to one y

Lets look at another relation and decide if it is a function. The second condition says each x can have only one y, but it CAN be the same y as another x. 1 2 3 4 5 Set A is the domain 2 4 6 8 10 Set B is the range Must use all the xs The x value can only be assigned to one y

This is a function ---it meets our conditions

AA goodexample that you can relate to is students in our good example that you can relate to is students in our maths class this semester set A. The grade they earn out of maths class this quarter areare set A. The grade they earn out of class is set B. B. Each student must be assigned a grade the the class is set Each student must be assigned a grade and can only be assigned ONE grade, but more than one and can only be assigned ONE grade, but more than one student can get the same grade (we hope so---we want lots student can get the same grade (we hope so---we want lots of of As). example shown on the previous screen had each As). TheThe example show on the previous screen had each student getting the same grade. Thats okay. student getting the same grade. Thats okay.
1 2 3 4 5 90 40 90 85 70

Set A (Students)

Set B (Grades)

Student 2 was assigned both 40 and 70 Is the relation shown above a function?

NO

Why not???

Example F: Check this relation out to determine if it is a function.

It is not---3 didnt get assigned to anything

Comparing to our example, a student in maths must receive a grade

1 2 3 4 5 Set A is the domain

2 4 6 8 10 Set B is the range

This is not a Must use all the xs function---it doesnt assign each x with a y The x value can only be assigned to one y

Example G: Check this relation out to determine if it is a function.

This is fineeach student gets only one grade. More than one can get an A and I dont have to give any Ds (so all ys dont need to be used).

1 2 3 4 5 Set A is the domain

2 4 6 8 10 Set B is the range Must use all the xs

This is a function

The x value can only be assigned to one y

CONGRATS!!!!! Youre done!!!!!

Im going to ask questions about this lesson tomorrow in class!!! Now youre ready to answer questions and get jolly ranchers tomorrow!!!