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Package formation Thread-line dynamics and tensioning Yarn clearing Piecing Waxing
1. Winding units 2. Ring and rewound yarn packages 3. Basic winding actions
Bobbin rotation Yarn traverse
Wind Angle: The angle between the yarn lay on the package and a plane perpendicular to the bobbin axis is called the wind angle. It is calculated as under: tan where: = Vts /2rNb ---------------------(1)
= wind angle
Vts = traverse speed (m/min)
Greater the wind angle more stable the package. Maximum limit of wind angle is achieved when slipping of yarn during traverse reversal does not take place.
coil angle.
------------(2)
yarn winding speed (m/min) bobbin surface speed (m/min) traverse speed (m/min) 2rNb 2LNt ---------------(3) ---------------(4)
Drum Winders: Forming package rotates through surface contact of a rotating cylinder. Yarn traversing takes place either by grooves of the drum which rotates the package or by an independent wing cam
(Fig 7.5)
Grooved Drum:
The drum constant k is given as: ---------------------------- (6) Where Nd = Drum rotational speed
Nt = Traverse frequency
For every turn of drum one double traverse takes place.
crossing drum with k = 1 is called a split drum From equation 4 and 6 ---------------------------- (7)
Where
Dd = Diameter of drum
Db = Diameter of cylindrical bobbin
TR= k Dd/dm
Where dm = Mean diameter of conical package.
End A of yarn guide bar moves yarn whereas end B of yarn guide bar moves around periphery of cam, traveling one cycle of periphery per rotation of camshaft.
Reciprocating guides are replaced by a spirally traverse roller, which enables winding speed of more than 1500 m/min.
Patterning / Ribboning: As the diameter of package increases the traverse ratio decreases because . During winding, traverse ratio passes through a series of integer values Rate of change of package diameter determines how long the traverse ratio remains at any particular integer value At smaller diameter the rate of change of package diameter is high therefore patterning does not occurs
At larger diameter, the rate of change of package diameter is low, yarn coils of successive traverse follow exactly the same path of wind and ribbonning on package takes place
Sloughing-off:
Anti-patterning Devices:
1. Variation of Traverse Frequency For cam-operated traverse machine, a small sinusoidal change
Slippage of package from the drum during low and then higher
drum speed changes the coil lays and therefore traverse ratio which ultimately avoids ribboning.
3. Lifting of Bobbin:
remain constant.
Therefore, for precision winders
------------------------- (9)
and ------------ (10) Therefore, as Db increases increases and decreases. is kept in the
Nt = 264.5 cycles/min.
With 264.5 cycles/min Vw =
76.9o
= 80o.
Where
dd = db 2ysin
c. Traverse Motion: With cone package, surface area is greater at base of the cone. To achieve uniform density, yarn length wound per unit area should be a constant value. Accelerated traverse motion, yarn guide moves rapidly across