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DEFINATION
A process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment. Perception is the process of receiving information about and making sense of the world around us. It involves deciding which information to notice, how to categorize this information and how to interpret it within the framework of existing knowledge.
PERCEPTION PROCESS
Sensation Selection
Organisation
Translation
Perception
Attitudes Motives
Interests
Experiences Expectations
Social Settings
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ATTRIBUTION THEORY
This Theory tries to explain the ways in which we judge people differently The determination through attribution theory largely depends on 3 factors
1. 2.
3.
Cont
Observation
Interpretation
Attribution of cause H
External
Internal External Internal
Distinctiveness
L H
Individual behavior
Consensus
H Consistency
Internal External
Halo effect..
The tendency to draw a general impression about an individual on the basis of a single characteristics.
cont
Contrast effects..
Evaluation of a persons characteristics that is affected by comparisons with other people recently encountered who rank higher or lower on the same characteristics.
Stereotyping..
Judging someone on the basis of ones perception of the group to which that person belongs.
Profiling..
A form of stereotyping in which a group of individuals is singled out typically on the basis of race or ethnicity for intensive inquiry, scrutiny, or investigation.
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Performance evaluation