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Body Systems
Medical Traditions
Throughout the world there are numerous strands of medical traditions however, we will focus on three. 1. Ayurveda 2. Traditional Chinese Medicine 3. African Medical Traditions
Ayurveda
Originates from India Comes from the words Ayus (life) and Veda (knowledge or science) The body has three main forces called Doshas Your health, character and appearance are inlfuenced by the dominant Doshas
Ayurveda as a Treatment
The goal of ayurvedic medicine is to bring the Doshas into a balance. The pulse and the physical appearance can provide clues as to what is causing the imbalance. Some therapies are designed to purge symptoms (vomiting,enemas), other to smooth symptoms Concerned with preventing illness
TCM as a Therapy
Illness is a symptom of an imbalance of ying and yang Qi may be blocked, weak or imbalanced Ying and yang influence appearance, pulse, sounds and smells of your body Acupuncture, drugs or moxibustion are common treatments Dont have to be ill before treatment
ATM
Healers might ask why you are ill, diviners with special powers might be asked to find the source of disease Treatments depend on the source of the problem Massage and herbalist remedies are common Communal song and dance are also prescribed frequently as remedies
Andreas Vesalius
Prior to Vesalius learning anatomy consisted of reading the texts of ancient Greek physicians First to use hands on dissections to teach about anatomy Instead of digging up bodies in the dark he started to be allowed to do dissections on executed criminals Produced fantastic diagrams based on human experimentation (Galens drawings were from apes)
Ambroise Pare
Pioneered many surgical treatments and specialized in the treatment of wounds Used a mixture including turpentine to heal wounds (cleaned the wound) Used ligatures of arteries to reduce blood flow and slow bleeding
Ambroise Pare
Used cauterization techniques prior to amputation Hypothesized that phantom pain after amputation arose in the brain Revived the practice of podalic versiori to deliver babies not coming out safely
Described the process of blood being pumped around the body by the heart Discovered how valves in the veins work Postulated that the circulatory system was closed and that the heart re-circulated throughout the body Clashed with Galens concept that blood was created in the liver and that there were two types of blood
William Harvey
William Harvey
Theorized that there are two separate loops of the circulatory system, one to the lungs and the other to the rest of the body Carried out dissections showing that embryos do not possess characteristics of adults
Germ Theory
The source of disease and illness is biological stemming from virulent bacteria and viruses Prevention of disease by sanitation and vaccination Cure through anti-biotics
Bacteriology
The study of bacteria has yielded numerous anti-biotics and an understanding about the positive and negative roles they have
Chemical analysis of body fluids can lead to a better understanding of how the body works and how diseases can be treated.
Chemical Analysis
Diagnostic technologies
Ultrasound, X-rays, Endoscopes, MRI and a number of other technologies can diagnose diseases easily and allow the practitioner to select an appropriate treatment.
Drug Therapies
Using scientific experimentation a number of drugs have been developed for a wide array of diseases