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Drying
Drying of solid mean the removal of water or other solvent from the solid solid material to reduce the content of residual liquid to an acceptable low value.
Product containing no water is called bore-dry product Commonly some products contain small content of liquid
Equilibrium moisture
If a material is exposed to air at a given temperature and humidity, the material will either lose or gain water until an equilibrium condition is established this moisture content is called equilibrium moisture
Bound moisture.
This is water retained so that it exerts a vapour pressure less than that of free water at the same temperature. Such water may be retained in small capillaries, adsorbed on surfaces, or as a solution in cell walls
Free moisture
This is water which is in excess of the equilibrium moisture content
Humidity
Mass of water per unit mass of dry air.
Percentage humidity
It is the ratio of humidity of air to the humidity of saturated air
Humid volume
Humid volume, is the volume of unit mass of dry air and its associated vapour. Then, under ideal conditions, at atmospheric pressure
Saturated volume
Saturated volume is the volume of unit mass of dry air, together with the water vapour required to saturate it.
Humid heat
Humid heat is the heat required to raise unit mass of dry air and associated vapour through 1 degree K at constant pressure
Drying periods
Constant rate period First falling-rate period Second falling-rate period