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ajax
Asynchronous JavaScript and XML Umbrella term for technologies that often:
Use client-side scripting for layout and formatting Use less than full page reloads to change content Use data formats other than HTML Interact asynchronously with the server
Not necessarily JavaScript or XML, but well use the term for convenience
So what is ajax?
The XmlHttpRequest XML & JSON The DOM
Ajax Properties
Asynchronous requests allow more than one thing to happen at the same time. Only the part of a web page that needs to change gets updated.
The page isnt frozen while the server is returning data to the browser.
Google Maps Traffic Request: GET http://maps.google.com:80/maps?spn=0.001247,0.00 2427&z=19&t=k&vp=37.871279, -122.251825&ev=ziHTTP/1.0 Response: GAddCopyright("k","483",37.4855,-122.6324,38.1363, -122.2355,12,""); GAddCopyright("k","484",37.4825,-122.2761,38.1346, -121.8590,12,"");
ajax History
Before there was browser support for asynchronous calls: There were hidden <IFrame>
IFramestraditionally used to dynamically
IFrameset to 0px, invisible to the user Used to GET/POST form fields to the server
Example: <IFRAME style="DISPLAY: none; LEFT: 0px; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 0px" src="http://www.badguy.com/" frameBorder="0 scrolling="no"> <form action=evil.cgi' method='POST'> <input type='text' name='field1' value='foo'> <input type='text' name='field2' value='bar'> </form> </iframe>
XMLHttpRequest (XHR) is a DOM API that can be used inside a web browser scripting language, such as JavaScript, to send an HTTP or an HTTPS request directly to a web server and load the server response data directly back into the scripting language. Once the data is within the scripting language, it is available as both an XML document, if the response was valid XML markup, and as plain text.
The Document Object Model (DOM) is a cross-platform and language-independent convention for representing and interacting withobjects in HTML, XHTML and XML docum ents. Aspects of the DOM (such as its "Elements") may be addressed and manipulated within the syntax of the programming language in use
Ajax in 5 steps
XMLHttpRequestObject.open(GET, datasource);