BHARATHIDASAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,

ANNA UNIVERSITY, TIRUCHIRAPPALLI 24.

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

SUSTAINABILITY IN GEOPOLYMER
BATCH MEMBERS

N.AKILANDESWARI 01110405002 V.AKILANDESWARI 01110405003 A.EDWARD LIVINGSTON 01110405016

UNDER THE GUIDELINES OF

Mr. S. SURESH M.E., Visiting Faculty

OBJECTIVE
Study & evaluation of chemical composition & effects

of NaOH & sodium silicate on fly ash.

Study of polymerization process in Fly ash, NaOH &

sodium silicate of the composition that is geopolymer.

To increase the strength of Geopolymer concrete To make sustainability

GENERAL OUTLINE OF THIS PROJECT

Introduction Literature Review Methodology Material Collection Material Testing Experimental Work

Mix Design Casting of Concrete Testing of Concrete Results Scope of the Future References

INTRODUCTION
Geopolymers are cementitious

materials that do not require the presence of OPC to harden or gain strength. Geopolymers are formed by a 3D network of Si & Al mineral molecules linked through covalent bonds with oxygen molecules. A positive ion must be provided to allow aluminum to become tetravalent.

INTRODUCTION
The source of Si & Al for geopolymers

can be any mineral (e.g. metakaolin) or by-product (e.g. fly ash) The positive ion is usually provided by a hydroxide solution of Na or K, etc. Water glass provides the monomers from which the polymeric chains grow. In most cases a slightly elevated temperature is required to kick start the geopolymerization reaction

How to make geopolymers?

Geopolymer Aluminosilicate source Alkali (in water) paste

Geopolymer can be used to replace Ordinary Portland Cement

Geopolymer

paste

Aggregate

Geopolymer Concrete

SUSTAINABILITY
Actual production of Ordinary Portland cement

contributes 13.5 billion tons of CO2 per year. Approximately 5% of the total global emission of CO2 to the atmosphere. Geopolymer made out of waste materials like fly ash, bottom ash and not only have a smaller footprint but help to reduce the footprint of other industries namely, coal-fired power plants.

Literature Review
Limited literatures on the rheological behaviour of slag

based geopolymer mortar and fly ash based geopolymer paste are only available. No information is available on the rheological behaviour of fly ash geopolymer concrete. An attempt has made to study the rheological behaviour of fly ash based geopolymer concrete with a rate controlled concrete rheometer. Rheological parameters in terms of yield stress and plastic viscosity can be estimated from the down curve of torquespeed plot (Rajan Bhattacharjee, et.al.,2010).

Literature Review
The strength of fly ash geopolymer concrete was

improved to a certain extent by decreasing the water/solids ratio, the aggregate/solids ratio, and the alkaline to fly ash ratio. Aggregate grading showed a marginal influence in the strength development of fly ash geopolymer concrete. (Monita Olivia, et.al.,2011)

Literature Review
Fly ash-based geopolymer is better than normal

concrete in many aspects such as compressive strength, exposure to aggressive environment, workability and exposure to high temperature.(Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri, et.al., 2010)

Literature Review
The mechanism of activation of a fly ash (no other

solid material was used) with highly alkaline solutions is described. The result showed that the geopolymer paste with NaOH concentration, compressive strength increase with molarities increases. (Prof.M.A.Bhosale, et.al., 2012)

MATERIALS COLLECTED
Sodium hydroxide (98% purity in pure form)
Sodium silicate solutions Coarse Aggregate

MATERIALS TO BE COLLECTED Fly ash

Bottom ash

Engineered

Crushed Stone Sand

ANALYSIS AND TESTING

XRF Analysis
Sieve Analysis Slump Test Compression Test

REFERENCES
Rajan Bhattacharjee ,
Rajan Bhattacharjee Aminul Islam Laskar. Review on

RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF FLY ASH BASED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE, 2010. National Institute of Technology, Silchar, India Monita Olivia, Hamid R. Nikraz. Review on Strength and water penetrability of Fly ash Geopolymer concrete, 2011. Australia. Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri, H. Mohammed, H. Kamarudin, I. Khairul Niza And Y. Zarina. 2010. Review On Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete Without Portland Cement. Geopolymer Concrete by Using Fly Ash in Construction (By Prof.M.A.Bhosale, Prof.N.N.Shinde)