CO2 + H2O + Light energy

Sugar + Oxygen

Photosynthesis
Muhammad Tariq

Readings: Life Chapter 8

The food Chain

Autotrophs and Heterotrophs

Sun as god in cultures

The Egyptian peoples honored the sun god For people in ancient Egypt, the sun was a source of life It was power and energy, light and warmth It was what made the crops grow each season

Photosynthesis
CO2 + H2O Carbohydates

Conversion of energy from light to chemical bond in reduced electron carriers & ATP Sources of chemical energy in step 1 used to drive synthesis of carbohydrates from CO21/3rd of all the carbon fixed is used by humans 1/3rd of all the carbon fixed is used by humans Law of conservation of energy

Photosynthetic reactants & Products

3 principal ingredients: Water, CO2, Light Not only produces CHO but also O2

CO2 + H2O + Light energy

Sugar + Oxygen

Oxygen production
CO2 + H2O + Light energy
6CO2 + 6H2O

Sugar + Oxygen
C6H12O6 + 6O2

What role does light play in this reaction??? How carbon becomes linked to form sugar???

O2 gas comes from CO2 or H2O???

Source of the Oxygen

6CO2 + 12H2O

C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2

http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/conten t/chp08/0802001.html

Light as source of Energy

Light as source of Energy: Photon mediated activation

Photon must be absorbed by receptive molecule Must have sufficient energy to perform chemical work

Visible spectrum

Receptivity of photon: pigments in photosynthesis

Molecules that absorb wavelength in visible wavelength are called pigments

Photon scattered Photon transmitted Photon absorbed, photon disappears but energy doesnt Scattered and transmitted wavelengths make pigments appear to us colored Photosynthesis uses energy absorbed by several pigments Several pigments, several absorbtion spectra Chlorophyll, carotenoids, phycobillins Chlorophyll a and b predominates

 Light reaction: driven by light, produces ATP and reduced electron carrier NADPH+H+ Calvin-Bensen reaction: doesnt use light. Use ATP, NADPH+H+ from light reaction and CO2 to produce sugars

Pathways of Photosynthesis

Absorbed wavelengths and biological activity

Blue and Red light cause highest rate of photosynthesis
Absorbtion spectrum

Action spectrum

Chlorophyll molecule

The light reaction

Converts absorbed light into chemical energy

Energy absorbing antenna system

The light reaction

Excited chlorophyll in reaction acts as reducing agent in electron transport
Oxidizing agent

Chl acts as reducing agent and participates in a redox reaction Reduce electron carrier NADP+, generates a proton motive form used in ATP synthesis

The light reaction (Non cyclic photophosphorylation)

680nm 700nm

Photosystem II

Cyclic photophosphorylation (PSI)

Summary

Lumen

Light reaction summary

http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/conten t/chp08/0802002.html

Tracing the pathway of CO2

http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/conten t/chp08/0802003.html

Conclusion

The light independent reaction